aass E 4-<^2.
Book , A 15^3
COPYRIOHT DEPOSIT
^
^_ c_ ^
y^
H: I STOR\
T
GRAND ARMY
OK THE
REPUBLIC,
By ROBERT B. BEATH,
/I
WITH AN' INTRODUCTION BY
General LUCIUS KAIRCHILD
ILLUSTRATED.
NEW YORK.
BRYAN, TAYLOR <^^ CO., Publishers,
1889.
Copyright, 1888,
By ROBERT B. BEATH
A II rights reserveO.
By transfer
5 Jel907
i-*IM rr WllLU MCDOIALO k Co.
"il Parte How, New York.
INTRODUCTION
I have been asked to write a few prefatory words to this
History of the Grand Army of the Eepublic.
That society whose watch-words are Fraternity, Charity and
Loyalty — Fraternity so wide-spread as to embrace all who
honored themselves by enlisting in the Union Army ; a Charity
so broad as to have included within its benefactions sufferers
of every class, and of all sections of our country ; a Loyalty
that maintains " true allegiance to the United States of America
based upon a paramount respect for, and fidelity to, its consti-
tution and laws," that discountenances " whatever tends to
weaken loyalty, incites to insurrection, treason or rebellion,"
and encourages "the spread of universal liberty, equal rights
and justice to all men," and which constantly inculcates the
spirit of good-will and friendship for all law-abiding citizens
of our common country, needs no commendation to the readers
of this book.
Comrade Past Commander-in-Chief Beath hardly needs an
introduction to the public at large, and certainly not to the
members of the Grand Army of the Kepublic.
He is well known as one of the most excellent and valuable
members of our Order. His fitness for this task is beyond
question. No man has more complete knowledge of the aims
and objects of the Grand Army or of the results accomplished
by it. No man is more fully imbued with an ardent love for
[iii]
iv Introduction.
its ])rinciples, or is more thoroughly versed iu its laws. His
heart is in this work and the result is a history that will give
to the world an intelligent aud accurate account of the society
from its birth to the present time.
The members of the Grand Army are to be congratulated
that Comrade Beath has consented to do them this great favor.
Of the necessity of such a history I need not speak — it is
the general opinion throughout our membership that the time
has arrived when the annals of the Order should be collated
and imperishably preserved. The work should have, and will
doubtless enjoy, a wide circulation and a permanent popularity,
and will surely go forth with the good wishes of every loyal
member of the Grand Army of the Republic.
Fraternally yours,
PRK KACK
The comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic have long
cherished a desire to have in permanent form an official history
of the origin and growth of their organization ; an organization
whose cardinal principles are Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty.
" With charity for all and malice toward none," they have gone
on perfecting and strengthening their organization, until it now
stands acknowledged as one of the noblest in its works and pur-
poses of any fraternal and charitable association known.
The records of -the Grand Army of the Republic, when trans-
ferred to Adjutant-General Chipman in 1868, were in an imper-
fect condition. He and his successors sought diligently to re-
place missing records and secure reliable data relative to the
institution of the Grand Army, but unfortunately the materials
so gathered, with all the other books and records to that time,
were destroyed in the disastrous fire which occurred in Boston
on Memorial Day, 1872. When serving as Assistant Adjutant-
General of the Department of Pennsylvania, I began collecting
for my own use, duplicates of General Orders and Journals.
Later, when appointed Adjutant-General of the Order, I sought
to secure for National Headquarters missing copies of Orders and
Journals, and was able to report to the National Encampment
in 1876, that thirteen full sets of the Journals had been collected
and bound. The announcement of this fact stimulated a desire
for copies, and some seven hundred were printed and issued to
subscribers. These, up to this time, have been practically the
only available records of the National Encampment for the years
above referred to.
Lvl
vi Preface.
General Faircliild, during his terra as Commander-in-Cliief,
strDU^ly urg»^cl that I should undertake the work of writing a
History of our organization, and kindly expressed his intention to
recommend my appointment as Historian of the Grand Army of
the Republic. The National Encampment gave its hearty acqui-
escence to the proposition, hut upon my own suggestion I was
left free to pursue the work without such official designation.
I fully realized that this was a serious undertaking ; that
it meant the sacrifice for many months, of hours that should be
devoted to the rest and relaxation necessary, after a day fully
devoted to other duties, and which could not be avoided or
slighted. On the other hand, I considered the advantage of the
experience gained in twenty-two years of active work in the ranks
of the Grand Army and in the many honorable positions conferred
ui)on me by the Order.
In compiling this History, I deemed it best to treat with
as much detail as possible the steps leading to the organization
of the Grand Army of the Republic. In some degree records of
the National Encampment and of the Departments are available
to comrtules, but nowhere is there to be found any specific record
of the labors of the founders of the Order. These details have
Ijeen gathered from many sources, but largely from personal in-
tercourse with the survivors of the early days and from valuable
papers placed in my hands for this purpose. Of late years the
Commander-in-Chief has presented in his address all the im-
portant matters affecting the organization, Avhich are referred to
in iiior«! detail in the reports of his staff officers. By condensing
these it has l)e('u possible to here ])resent all the important
matters that have been acted upon by the National Encampment
from 1800 to 1888 inclusive.
It \V!is manifestly impossible to tr(?at of Departments in the
same manm-r. To concisely present such details of eurly organi-
/iition as do not appear in the ])rinte(l records, and to give the
uaineH iind the Posts of which they are iniMiibers, of all who
Preface. vii
served as Department officers, seemed all that could be done in
tliis direction. Anything more must be a work to be undertaken
by or for each Department.
My acknowledgments are especially due, for papers relative
to the initial work in Springfield, Illinois, to Comrades A. A.
North, Geo. S. Dana and John M. Adair, and Miss Josephine P.
Cleveland, who has published a large portrait of Dr. Stephen-
son. Also to Comrades George R. Steele, M. P. Kanan, J. T.
Bishop and I. N. Coltron, for very valuable documents relative
to the first Post, at Decatur, including letters of Dr. Stephenson
and copies of the first ritual and constitution. The many other
comrades who have so kindly aided me have my hearty thanks.
It is a special pleasure to say that the publishers have more
than fulfilled their promise to make this book, in its mechanical
execution, worthy of the Grand Army of the Republic. No ex-
pense has been spared by them in this respect, and I know that
with this statement all readers will heartily agree.
In closing this work, I cannot better express my apprecia-
tion of this grand fraternity of ours, than by repeating the
words used in my address as Commander-in-Chief:
" We are enjoying, in a land we helped to save, a companion-
ship made sacred by common sufferings and sacrifices.
" No other organization on earth can lay claim to such glo-
rious and precious memories. Let us keep this brotherhood to-
gether on the highest plane of citizenship and prove to the
jieople, North and South, that the Grand Army of the Republic
is worthy of their confidence, that it is doing a work demanded
by the strongest claims of humanity, and that its objects are in
accord with the purest principles of patriotism."
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
PAGE
Peace at Last — The Grand Review — The Muster-out 1-10
CHAPTER II.
Veteran Societies— Forming op Corps and Army Societies— Organ-
ization OF Veteran Political Societies— Society Badges 11-32
CHAPTER III.
Organization op the Grand Army op the Republic — Muster op the
First Post — Biographical Sketches and Portraits op its Mem-
bers— Formui/Ating the Constitution and Ritual — Biographi-
cal Sketch op Dr. B. F. Stephenson 33-52
CHAPTER IV.
The Springfield Convention — Sketches op Participants —Election
OP Officers for Department op Illinois— Beginning op the
Work in Other States 53-67
CHAPTER V.
First Session of National Encampment, Indianapolis, Indiana, No-
vember 20, 1866— Election op the First Commander-in-Chief... 68-76
CHAPTER VI.
Administration of Commander-in-Chief S. A. Hurlbut — Second An-
nual Session, Philadelphia, January 15, 1868 77-83
CHAPTER VII.
Administration of Commander in-Chief John A. Logan — Third An-
nual Session, Cincinnati, May 12. 1869 84-103
Special Session. New York City, October 27, 1869 103-105
National Council of Administration 94
[ix]
X Contexts.
CHAPTER Yin.
PAGE
Admim^tkation of Commander-in-Chief John A. Logan (Second
Tekm)— FoiiiTii Annual Session, Washington, May 11, 1870 lOft-114
CHAPTER IX.
Auministkation of Commandeu-in-Chief John A. Logan (Third
Term)— Fifth Annual Session, Boston, May 10, 1871 115-123
CHAPTER X.
Administration of Commander-in-Chief Ambrose E. Burnside—
Sixth Annual Session, Cleveland, May 8, 1872 123-135
CHAPTER XI.
Administration of Commander-in-Chief A. E. Burnside (Second
Term)— Se\tnth Annual Session, New Haven, May 14, 1873 136-143
CHAPTER XII.
Administration of Com.mander-in-Ciiikp Chas. Devens, Jr. (First
Term)— Eighth Annual Session, Harrisburgh, May 13, 1874 144-152
CHAPTER XIII.
Administration of Commander-in-Chief Chas. Devens, Jr. (Second
Termj— Ninth Annual Session, Chicago, May 12, 1875 153-161
CHAPTER XIV.
Adminlstration of ('o.m.mander-in-Chief John F, Hartranft (First
Term) -Tenth Annual Session, Philadelphia, June 30, 1876 162-171
CHAPTER XV.
Admini.stration ok Commander-in Chief John F. I Iai{tuanft (Second
Term)— Eleventh .\nnual Session, Providence, June 26, 1877. . .172-181
CHAPPKR XVT.
Administration ok Commander in Ciiiek John C. Roiunson (First
Term I -Twelfth An.vual Session, Simungkiklo, Massaciiiisetts,
Junk 4, 1878 182-193
CIIAI'IIIK XVil.
Administration ok ('om.manukr-in-Chiek .John (". Roiunson 'Second
Term —Thirteenth Annual Sessidn, Aluany, New York, June
17,1879 l'J4 201
Contents. xi
CHAPTER XVIII.
PACE
Administration of Commander-in-Chief William Earnshaw— Four-
teenth Annual Session, Dayton, Ohio, June 8, 1880 205-315
CHAPTER XIX.
Administration op Commander in Chief Louis Wagner — Fifteenth
Annual Session, Indianapolis, June 15, 18S1 216-233
CHAPTER XX.
Administration of Commander in-Chief Geo. S. Merrill— Sixteenth
Annual Session, Baltimore, June 31, 1882 233-250
CHAPTER XXI.
Administration op Commander-in Chief Paul Van Der Voort —
Seventeenth Annual Session, Denver, July 35, 1883 ... 251-269
CHAPTER XXII.
Administration op Commander-in-Chief Rorert B. Beath— Eight-
eenth Annual Session, Minneapolis, July 23, 1884 270-389
CHAPTER XXIII.
Administration op Commander.-in-Chiep John S. Kountz — I^ine-
teenth Annual Session. Portland, Maine, June 34, 1885 290-305-
CHAPTER XXIV.
xA.dministration op Commander-in Chief S S. Burdett — Twentieth
Annual Session, San Francisco, August 4, 1886 306-324
CHAPTER XXV.
Administration op Commander-in-Chief Lucius Fairchild— Twenty-
First Annual Session, September 28. 1887 325-348
CHAPTER XXVI.
Administration of Commander-in-Chief John P. Rea— Twenty
Second Annual Session, Columbus Ohio, September 13, 1888 349-373
Election of Commander-in-Chief William Warner and Staff
Appointments 373-378
xii Contents.
Departments of the Grand Army of the PiEpubltp.
CHAPTER XXVII.
PAGE
TiiK Eastkkn States— Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts,
Rhode Island, Connecticut 379-436
CHAPTER XXVTTI.
TiiK Miuni.K Atlantic States — New York, New Jersey, Permsjivania,
Delaware, .Mar- land and District of Columbia 437-500
CHAPTER XXTX.
Central States — Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Missouri,
Iowa. Minnesota, Kansas, Nebraska and Dakota 501-588
CHAPTER XXX.
Pacific and ^Iocntain States — California, Nevada. Arizona, New Mex-
ico, Colorado, Utah, Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming, Montana, Washington
Territory . 589-G21
CHAPTER XXXI.
.SouTnEUN Departments — Virginia, West Virginia, Tennessee and Georgia,
Florida, Louisiana and Mis.sissippi, Kentucky, Arkan.sas, Texas 622-G50
Tables Showing MEMBEUsnip, December 31st op each year, 1871-
1887 inclusive 651
Posts and Members, June 30, 1888. and Relief Disbursed by the
OuDEU 652
CHAPTER XXXII.
GuA.ND Aum Y Badges 653-058
("IIAPTER XXXIII.
Auxiliary and other Societies— Woman's Relief Corps, Ladies of the
(i. A. R.. Sons of Veterans U. S. A , I'liion Veterans' Legion, Union
Veterans' Union, Veterans' Rights I iiioii. Union Kx-Pri.soners of War
Af-Hocialion 659-681
PKNhioN Statistics 681-684
/
PORTRAITS AND ILLUSTRATIONS.
POKTEAITS.
PAGE
Alcoen. W. W facing 292
Allan, Edgar " 328
Anderson, Edward " 350
Anderson, T. J 572
Attwood, C. G 126
Austin, D. R facing 292
Backus, S. W.. " 328
Baldwin, W.H " 208
Bangs, I. S " 252
Barker, Mrs. E. F " 657
Beath, R. B frontispiece
Bell, John 89
Bishop, J. T facing 40
Bowers, Geo " 220
Bramhall Frank J 538
Brown, F. E facing 252
Brown. W. W 154
BucKBEE, C. J facing 164
BURDETT, S. S " 306
BURNSIDE, A, E " 123
Burst, J. W " 252
Cameron, John " 308
Campbell, T. C " 88
Carnahan, J. R " 220
Chipman, N. P " 88
CoEY, James 125
Cogswell, Wm 1 85
Cole, Nelson facing 850
Collier, Geo. W 116
CoLTRiN, I N facing 132
Connor, Selben " 308
Cook, John 66
Craig, Mrs. C. Rusk 660
Cushman, a. S 404
PAGE
Devens, Chas., Jr facing 144
DeWitt, R. M "376
Din OMAN, H " 208
Donohue, Florence " 350
Douglas, W. W 127
Dunning, Geo. H facing 40
Earnshaw, Wm " 205
Evans, Geo. S " 376
Everett. A. S " 328
Fairchild, L " 325
Farley, J. L 184
Ferguson Ed facing 148
Fish, Damel " 350
Foster, I. M " 252
Foster, Robert S " 72
Fuller, Mrs. S. E " 650
GOBLE, J. R " 148
Goodrich, M. B 136
Gould, Guy T facing 154
Grant, Gen. U. S 474
Gray, E. B facing 328
Green, S. A 115
Grosvenor, C H facing 308
Hadfield, Jos '" 376
Hall, Matthew 195
Hall, W. D facing 292
Hamlin, A. C " 230
Hampton, Mrs. E. S " 657
Harland, Ed 428
Hartranft, John F facing 162
Hawkes, B. F 502
Hawley, Jos. R facing 88
Hedges, I. M " 350
[xiii]
XIV
PORTKAITS AND ILLUSTRATIONS.
Hicks, Ira E facing 292
lIiLL. Hkuheut E 194
Holmes, Walteu H facing 272
Howe, he oOl
HrxTEK, Jacob M facing 328
HlKLBUT, S. A " 68
Jakes. Oscar A " 292
Jaudine, Edwahd 153
JoiixNsoN, J. B facing 376
Jones, W. B •' 208
Kanan, M. F •' 36
Keifek, J. W 137
Kimball, Nathan 516
KiNNE, C. Mason 590
KiNNE, Mns. E. D'A facing 657
KouNTz, John S " 290
Lewis, John R
LiNEHAN, John C.
Logan, John A. . .
LOVERING, Jos. F. .
LUBET. T
350
84
173
107
McGiLLicuDDY, T. D 504
McKean, J. B facin-i- 72
McMichael, Clayton 466
McNeil, D. C facing 72
]^lEEcn, Jas. F 408
Merrill, Geo. S facing 233
Miller, Roswell 125
Mitchell. S. B. W 106
Monroe, A. C 410
Nale, J. H facing 40
Neil, M. H •' 376
NoRRis, A. W " 148 I
North, A. A 34 \
Olin, Wm. M facing 236
Owen, Joshua T ' 88
Palmer, John " 208
Palmer, John M 65
Peirck, Henry B 406
Phelps. John S facing 52
Pile. W.m. A " 72
PoNij, C. V. H " 236
PAGE
Powell, Hans facing 148
Prior, Jos. JI " 36
Proudfit, j. K .537
Pugh,L C facing 36
Raphun, Chas. W •' 208
Rea, JohnP • 349
Reed, Myron W ' 164
Reynolds, Jos. S ' 164
Rhodes, E. H •• 183
Riebsame, C ' 40
Robinson, John C " 182
Rogers, W. F " 164
Ross, W. E. W " 252
Routh, j. W •' 40
Rutledge, W. j 33
Santjers, Add. H : 533
Santmyer, C. a facing 272
Shanafelt, T. M " 292
Shaw, Jas., Jr 99
Sherwood, Mrs. Kate B . . facing 659
Sibley, B. F ■• 36
Snyder, John M • ' 52
Sprague, a. B. R " 148
Squires, Geo B •• 220
Starring, F. A 108
Steele, Geo. K facing 36
Stephenson, B F " 32
Stewart, L. H " 308
Stewart, T. J 470
Styer, Chas facing 236
Swain, E. D ' 220
Taintor, H. E " 328
Taylor, John " 253
ToLAND, Aqcilla " 40
Turner, Mrs. L. A 661
Updyke, S G facing 376
Vanderslice, John M •' 272
Van Der Voort, Pau! " 250
Vandever. Wm. " 272
Vanosdol, Argus D " 808
Veazey. W. G " 350
Wagner, Louis " 210
Waf.kinsiiaw. j. C 573
Ward, William facing 164
Portraits and Illustrations. xv
PAGE : . PAGE
Warneb, T. C facing 328 j Willich, August facing 72
Warner, William " 372 , Wilson, O. M 517
Watson, Jas. L 172 i Woods, Robert M facing 52
Webber, Jules C facing 52
Weigel, Eugene F " 376
Young, Chas. L " 236
ILLUSTEATIONS.
Badges, Corps (Colored Plates) facing pages 4-5, 8-9
Badges, Membership and Official, G. A. R 653-658
Badge. Woman's Relief Corps 659
Badge, Ladies of the G A. R 666
Badge and Coat of Arms, Sons op Veterans, U. S. A. 669, 670
Badge, Loyal Legion 19
Badge, Union Veteran Legion 674
Badge, Army Societies:
Tennessee 13
Cumberland .... 15
Signal Corps 16
Potomac 17
Hartford Soldiers' Memorial 436
Hall op Post 2, Philadelphia fiicing 168
Indiana Soldiers' Monument ' " 522
Massacitusetts Soldiers' Home " 416
Minnesota Soldiers' Home " 670
<
X
T
(n
en
n
I
Q.
_j
>
D
~)
LL
n-
>-
h-
JL
1-
a
-•
z
U
<
>
<
UJ
Ql.
LL
m
O
X
III
I
t-
O
>
rr
<
U.I
^
O
7'
<
ir
U
lU
U
1-
u
t-
z
1
u
CD
to
_J
<
-J
History I Grand Army of the Republic.
CHAPTER I.
PEACE AT LAST.
On the fourteenth day of April, 1865, the United States flag,
which just four years before had been lowered upon the formal
surrender of Fort Sumter, was again raised over that fort by
Major-Greneral Robert Anderson, with appropriate ceremonies,
national in their character and importance.
On the second of April, Jefferson Davis had made a hurried
departure from Richmond, stopping at Danville to issue a procla-
mation to the effect that the events of the past ten days would
leave the Confederate armies " free to move from point to point,
to strike the enemy in detail far from his base." Notwithstanding
this, on April 9, General Robert E, Lee surrendered the Army of
Northern Virginia to General Grant, and on the 14th General
Joseph E. Johnston opened negotiations for the surrender of his
troops to General Sherman, the details being formally consum-
mated on the 26th of that month.
Mobile had been surrendered on the 12th to the military and
naval forces under General Gordon Granger, commanding the 13th
Army Corps, and Rear- Admiral Henry K. Thatcher, commanding
the AVest Gulf Squadron.
Major-Generals George Stoneman and James H. AVilson were
leading divisions of cavalry at will through different sections of
the South which had not seriously felt the dire effects of war,
and the last-named general, by a series of dashing movements,
completely routed and scattered the cavalry forces of General N.
B. Forrest. A portion of Wilson's command, on May 10, captured
the fleeing leader of the Confederacy, Jefferson Davis.
Practically but one large division of the rebel armies then re-
mained in the field, that of the Trans-Mississippi Department,
under General E. Kirby Smith, who surrendered, on May 25, to
General E. R. S. Canby, commanding the Military Division of the
Gulf. The rebellion was ended.
1 [1]
i Oranp Army of the Eepublic.
SECOND DIVISION— ^aioT-Cjenevdl George Crook.
1st Brigade, Brig.idier-General Henry E. Davies (2d New York
C'jivalrv).
id Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General John Irvin Gregg, 6th
Pennsylvania Cavalry.
'.V\ lirigade, Brevet Brigiidier-General C. H. Smith, 1st Maine
Cavalry.
I'll: ST />//7^70;^'— Brigadier-General Thomas C. Devin (6th
New York Cavalry).
1st Brigade, Colonel Peter Stagg, 1st Michigan Cavalry.
'id Brigade, Colonel Charles L. Fitzhugh, 6th Nbav York
Cavalry.
Reserve Brigade, Brigadier-General Alfred Gibbs (1st New
York Dragoons).
NINTH ARMY CORPS.
Major-General John G. Parke.
i-in>^T J^J lis ION— Brevet Major-General O. B. Wilcox.
1st Brigade, Colonel Samuel Harrimau, 37th Wisconsin.
2d Brigade, Brevet Colonel Ralph Ely, 9th Michigan.
;5d Brigiule, Colonel James Bintliff, 38th Wisconsin.
SECOND />/;T6'/0A^— Brigadier-General S. G. Griffin.
1st Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General John I. Curtin, -loth
Pennsylvania.
lM r.rigade. Colonel H. B. Titus, 9th New Hampshire.
Til I III) DIVISION— Bre\ei Major-General John F. Hartranft.
1st lirigade. Colonel A. B. McCalmout, 208th Pennsylvania.
2il Brigade, Colonel J. A. Matthews, 205th Pennsylvania.
Artill.-ry Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General J. C. Tidball, 4th
New York Heavy Artillery.
Finn ARMY CORPS.
Brfivet Major-General Charles Griffin.
I- 1 Its r DIVISION— Brevet Major-General J. J. Bartlett (27th
N«^w York I.
1st Brigade, Bn^vct Brigjulier-Ciencral A. ]j. Pearson, 155th
Pennsylvania.
FIRST CORPS.
1st DIV.
2d DIV.
3d DIV.
SECOND CORPS.
1st DIV.
2d DIV.
3d DIV.
THIRD CORPS.
IsT DIV.
2d DIV.
3d DIV.
A
IST DIV.
FOURTH CORPS.
1»T DIV.
2d DIV.
3d DIV.
FIFTH CORPS.
2d DIV.
3d DIV
SIXTH CORPS.
IsT DIV.
2d DIV.
+
3d DIV.
SEVENTH CORPS.
1st DIV.
2d DIV.
3d DIV
•EIGHTH CORPS.
1st DIV.
2d DIV.
3d DIV.
NINTH CORPS.
1st DIV 2d DIV. 3d DIV. 4th DiV.
TENTH CORPS.
1st DIV.
3d DIV.
ELEVENTH CORPS.
1st DIV.
2d DIV.
3d DIV.
TWELFTH AND TWENTIETH CORPS.
1st DIV.
2d DIV.
3d DIV.
comneHT lase.
Peace at Last. 5
2d Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General E. M. Gregory, 91st
Pennsylvania.
3d Brigade, Brigadier-General J. L. Chamberlain (20th Maine).
SECOND I) I FIS 10 N—Major-General K. B. Ayres.
1st Brigade, Brigadier-General Joseph Hayes (18th Massa-
chusetts).
2d Brigade, Colonel D, L. Stanton, 1st Maryland.
3d Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General James Gwyn, 118th
Pennsylvania.
THIRD DIVISION— Major-General S. Wylie Crawford.
1st Brigade, Colonel J. A. Kellogg, 6th Wisconsin.
2d Brigade, Brigadier-General Henry Baxter (2d Michigan).
3d Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General Richard Coulter, 11th
Pennsylvania.
SECOND AKMY corps
Major-General A. A. Humphreys.
FIRST DIVISION'— Breyei Major-General Nelson A. Miles.
1st Brigade, Colonel John Fraser, 140th Pennsylvania.
2d Brigade, Colonel R. Nugent, 69th New York.
3d Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General C. D. MacDougall, 111th
New York.
4th Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General John Ramsey, 8th New
Jersey.
SECOND DIVISION— Breyet Brigadier-General F. C. Barlow,
61st New York.
1st Brigade, Colonel W. L. Olmstead, 59th New York.
2d Brigade, Colonel J. P. Mclvor, 170th New York.
3d Brigade, Colonel Daniel Woodall, 1st Delaware.
THIRD DIVISION— BreYet Major-General Gershom Mott, New
Jersey.
1st Brigade, Brigadier-General R. De Trobriand (55th
New York).
2d Brigade, Brigadier-General Byron R. Pierce (3d Michigan).
3d Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General R. McAllister, 11th
New Jersey.
Artillery Brigade, Lieutenant-Colonel J. G. Hazard, 1st Rhode
Island Light Artillery.
fi CiUAND Army of the Republic.
The Nineteenth Army Corps was represented by a division
under command of Brigadier-General William Dwight, formerly
Colonel 70th New York.
The Sixth Army Corps had remained at Danville, Va., and was
formally n'viewed by the President in Washington on June 8. It
was then commanded by Major-General H. G. Wright.
SHERMAN'S ARMY,
Comprising the Army of the Tennessee and the Army of Georgia,
was reviewed on May 24.
At the lie;wl of the column rode Major-General William
Tecumseh Sherman, accompanied by General O. O. Howard.
ARMY OF THE TENNESSEE.
Major-General John A. Logan.
FIFTEENTH ARMY CORPS.
Major-General William B. Hazen.
FIIIST />/r/>S'/OiV— Brigadier-General Charles R. Woods (76th
Ohio).
1st Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General W. B. Woods, 76th
Ohio.
2(1 Brigjule, Colonel R. F. Catterson, 97th Indiana.
:{d Brigade, Colonel George A. Stone, 25th Iowa.
SiyOND Z)/rT>S'7'0A^— Brigatlier-General. J. M. Oliver (^15th
Michigan).
Ist iirigsule, Colonel Theodore Jones, 30th Ohio.
2d Brigjid.', C()h)nel William S. Jones, 58d Ohio.
M Uri^'adc, Colouol F. S. Hntcliiuson, 15th Mich.
rolirrH DniSlOX^l^wA-ai Major-General John M. Corse,
6th Iowa.
Ist lirigiidc, lirig.-ulier-General Elliott AV. Rice (7th Iowa).
2d JJriga-lc, iirig.uli.tr-Gcneral W. T. Clark, Iowa.
.'M J}rig)ul(», Colonel Richard Rowett, 7th Illinois.
Artillery Brigade, Lieutenant-Coloiu-l W. H. Ross.
Peace at Last. 7
seventeenth aemy corps.
Major-General Frank P. Blair, Jr.
FIRST 2>7FXS'70iV— Brigadier-General Manning F. Force (20tli
Ohio).
1st Brigade, Brigadier-General John W. Fuller (27th Ohio).
2d Brigade, Brigadier-General John AV. Sprague (63d Ohio).
3d Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General John Tillson, 10th Illinois.
THIRD DIVISION— Brevet Major-General M. D. Leggett (78th
Ohio.)
1st Brigade, Brigadier-General Charles Ewing (Ohio).
2d Brigade, Brigadier-General Robert K, Scott (68th Ohio).
FOURTH DIVISION— Brexet Major-General Giles A. Smith
(8th Missouri).
1st Brigade, Brigadier-General B. F. Potts (32d Ohio).
2d Brigade, Brigadier-General Carlos J. Stolbrand (2d Illinois
Artillery).
3d Brigade, Brigadier-General W. W. Belknap (15th Iowa).
Artillery, Major Fred. Welker, 1st Missouri Light Artillery.
AEMY OF GEOEGIA.
Major-General Henry W. Slocum, New York.
TWENTIETH ARMY CORPS.
Major-General Joseph A. Mower.
FIRST DIVISION— BreYet Major-General A. S. Williams,
Michigan.
1st Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General James L. Selfridge, 46th
Pennsylvania.
2d Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General William Hawley, 3d
Wisconsin.
3d Brigade, Brigadier-General J. S. Robinson (82d Ohio).
SECOND DIVISION— Brevet Major-General John W. Geary
(28th Pennsylvania).
1st Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General A. Pardee, Jr., 147th
Pennsylvania.
8 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
2(1 Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General George W. Mindel, 33d
New Jersey.
3d Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General Henry A. Barnnin, 149tli
New York.
TillUD DIVISION— Brevet Major-Geueral W. T. Ward, Ken-
tucky.
1st Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General Benjamin Harrison, TOtli
Indiana.
'2d Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General Daniel Dustin, lOotli
Illinois.
3d Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General William Cogswell, 2d
Massachusetts.
Artillery, Captain Charles E. ^Vinegar, New York.
FOURTEENTH ARMY COUPS.
Major-General Jefferson C. Davis.
FIRST BIFISION—Brigiidier-General Charles C. Walcutt
(45th Ohio).
1st Brigade, Brevet Brigadier-General H. C. Hobart, 21st "Wis-
consin.
2d Brigade, Brigadier-General George P. Buell (58th Indiana).
3d Brigade, Colonel H. A. Hambright, 79th Pennsylvania.
SECOND DIVISION— Brevet Major-General James D. Morgan,
10th Illinois.
1st Brigade, Brigadier-General William Vandever (9th Iowa.)
2d Brigade, Brigadier-General John G. Mitchell (113th Ohio).
3(1 Brigade, Lieutenant-Colonel J. W. Langley, 125th Illinois.
Till III) DIVISION— Brevet Major-General Absalom Baird.
1st Brigade, Colonel M. C. Hunter, 82d Indiana.
2d Brigade, Colonel N. Gleason, 87th Indiana.
3d Brigade, Brigadier-General George S, Greene (GOth New
York.
The titles of officers given above are as designated in the
General Orders issued for the Keview. A number afterward re-
ceived commissifjns of higher grades.
^lany of tli(^ ollici'rs and large numb«»rs of the soldiers were
garlanded witli flowers as they passed along t]i(^ line of marcli.
" Sherman's l)niinii('rs " lieljx'd to relieve wliatever of monotony
THIRTEENTH CORPS.
UNOFFICIAL.
As Adopted
• Y THC
Members of the Corps
»T
St. Louis. Sept. 29, '87.
FOURTEENTH CORPS.
1st DIV.
2d DIV.
^
3d DIV.
FIFTEENTH CORPS.
1st DIV
3d DIV.
4th DIV.
SIXTEENTH CORPS.
SEVENTEENTH CORPS.
1st DIV.
3o DIV.
EIGHTEENTH CORPS.
IST DIV.
2d DIV.
3d DIV.
NINETEENTH CORPS.
IsT DIV.
2d DIV.
3d DIV.
TWENTY-SECOND CORPS.
TWENTIETH CORPS.
SAME AS TWELFTH.
TWENTY-FIRST
CORPS.
NO BADGE ADOPTED.
1st DIV.
TWENTY-THIRD CORPS.
2d DIV.
3d DIV.
1st DIV.
TWENTY-FOURTH CORPS
2d DIV.
3d DIV.
TWENTY-FIFTH CORPS,
1st DIV.
2d DIV.
3d DIV.
SIGNAL CORPS.
ENGINEER AND PONTONIER.
CORPS.
WILSON'S CAVALHY.
Sheridan's Cavalry.
The above Corps Marks, except
the 13th Corps, are from the Offi-
cial Chart furnished by the War
Department.
Hancock's Veteran Corps.
coFTFioHr lase
Peace at Last. 9
tliere was in the continual tramp, tramp, tramp of the armies.
A number were mounted on mules or on sorry-looking horses
borrowed from some quartermaster's camp of condemned animals,
and carrying chickens, pigs, and vegetables ; others on foot swung
along in the free-and-easy gait learned on their long march to
the sea.
It was estimated that nearly 150,000 men participated in these
ceremonies — the Army of the Potomac, 80,000 ; the Army of the
Tennessee, 36,000 ; and the Army of Georgia, 33,000.
Never before had such a pageant been witnessed at the capital
of any nation — the passage of an army of citizen soldiers who,
having by their valor saved the nation, were now present only
that those necessary details might be completed which would
enable them to take their places in the ranks of peaceful citizens.
With worn uniforms and tattered ensigns telling eloquently of
service in the field, these men were now only anxious to return to
their homes and loved ones. Though joyfully returning, and, as
representatives of all who had honorably served in the armies and
navies of the Union, thus receiving the plaudits of the people
whom they had so ably served, there were sad thoughts not inhar-
monious with the occasion.
As they passed the reviewing-stand where representative men
were assembled in their honor, the marching soldiers missed
above all others that rugged, homely face which now would have
been lit with a halo of glory. The great patient heart, that for
four years had borne such a fearful strain, was now stilled. In all
the land no one was nearer the soldier's heart than Abraham Lin-
coln.
Other forms were missing from the group — leaders of corps
and of armies, of whom John F. Reynolds, McPherson, and Sedg-
wick were types.
But the thoughts of the soldiers were not then so much with
the absent leaders as with the more familiar forms of comrades,
dear to their hearts, but now numbered with the dead. Perchance
they had been playmates in school-boy days and bosom friends
in maturer years. Together they had responded to the call of an
imperiled country, together had faced the dangers of the service.
In camp and bivouac they had slept under the same blankets and
shared the contents of their haversacks and canteens.
These, their comrades, had not lived to hear the joyful shouts
10 Grand Army of the PiEruBLic.
of victory, and were not to receive the embraces of their loved
ones. They had died that the Nation might live !
The fond affection cherished for the honored dead but stimu-
lated the ties of sympathy and love for comrades living and shar-
ing the thrilling memories of the years of national strife and war-
fare now happily over.
They were soon to part, each in his own way to fight the battle
of life, to form new ties, new friendships, but never could they
forget the sacred bond of comradeship welded in the fire of battle,
that in after years, should be their stimulus to take upon them-
selves the work confided to the people by President Lincoln " to
bind up the Nation's wounds," " to care for him who shall have
borne the battle, and for his widow and his orphan."
CHAPTER II.
VETERAN SOCIETIES.
The parting of the veterans at their places of final discharge
from the service inspired the desire that the friendships formed
should be maintained through life, and but few regiments failed
to arrange for future meetings at times that should commemorate
some important event of their past history.
It is impracticable to here make special reference to such regi-
mental reunions, that even now, after nearly a quarter of a cen-
tury has passed, are red-letter days in the lives of the participants.
We can but note the corps and army and naval societies, repre-
senting important and jDarticular parts or branches of service,
whose members find a still broader field for the cultivation of
this fraternity in the organization that embraces all who, on
land or sea, honorably served their country — The Grand Army
OP THE EePUBLIC.
The Third Army Corps Union was the first army society or-
ganized during the rebellion. The Third Army Corps, Army of
the Potomac, was formed March 16, 1862. General Daniel E.
Sickles was assigned to its command on February 8, 1863, and so
served until disabled by the loss of a leg at Gettysburg.
The First Division, after the death of General Kearny, at
Chantilly, September 1, 1862, was commanded by General D. B.
Birney, at whose headquarters a meeting of officers of the Corps
was held September 2, 1863, to form an association, the main
object at that time being to secure funds for embalming and send-
ing home for burial the bodies of officers killed in battle or dying
in hospitals at the front.
General Sickles was elected President ; General D. B. Birney,
Vice-President ; Captain Jos. Briscoe, New York, Recording Sec-
retary ; Major H. E. Tremaine, New York, Corresponding Secre-
tary ; and General Gershom Mott, Treasurer. General Mott
served as Treasurer until his death, November 29, 1884.
On September 30, 1863, another meeting was held, and General
12 Grand Army of the Republic.
Birney was elected President, as the disabled condition of General
Sickles prevented bis serving. On July 4, 1864, another meet-
ing was lield : General Sickles was elected President ; General
D. B. Birney, Vice-President. General Birney died October 18,
1864.
On February 5, 1864, Surgeon Edward Welling, New Jersey,
was appointed Corresponding Secretary, and on October 24, 1864,
Recording Secretary, and has served continuously since in this
position.
The last meeting, held prior to their final muster-out, was on
June 3, 1865. General Sickles, President ; General Mott, Vice-
President ; Colonel E. L. Welling, Recording Secretary, and
Colonel Chas. P. Mattocks, of Maine, Corresponding Secretary.
Meetings have been held annually since the war on May 5, the
anniversary of the battle of Williamsburg. The following have
served as Presidents of the society since their muster-out of serv-
ice : General Gershom Mott, 1866-67 ; General D. E. Sickles, 1868
-69-70 ; General C. K. Graham, 1871-72 ; Colonel Clayton Mc-
Michael, 1873-74 ; General Geo. H. Sharpe, 1875-76 ; General W.
J. Sewell, 1877-78 ; General H. E. Tremaine, 1879-80 ; General E.
R. Biles, 1881 ; Major W. P. Shreve, 1882 ; Major Willard Bullard,
1883; Major John Barclay Fassitt, 1884; Colonel Baukson T.
Morgan, 1885 ; Colonel Thos. Rafferty, 1886 ; Colonel A. Judson
Clark, Newark, New Jersey, 1887.
The twenty-fifth anniversary was held in New York city. May
5, 1888, and after the business meeting and banquet, adjourned to
meet at Gettysburg, Jnlj 1-3, for the purpose of laying the corner-
stone of a monument for the Third Corps.
The present officers are : President, Major-General Daniel E.
Sickles, New York city ; Vice-President, Brevet Major-General
C. H. T. Collis, New York city ; Recording Secretary, Colonel E.
L. Welling, Pennington, New Jersey ; Treasurer, Major Wm. P.
Shreve, Boston.
All officers or enlisted men of the Third Corps, or who partic-
ipated in the battles of the Corps, are eligible to membership.
SOCIETY OF THE ARMY OF THE TENNESSEE.
This was Uw. second socii^ty organized during the rebellion.
Tlu! preliminary meeting for tlie formation of tlie society was
held in the Senate Chamber, at the State Capitol, Raleigh, North
Veteran Societies.
13
Carolina, April 14, 1865. Brevet Brigadier-
General W. B. Woods presided, and Major
L. M. Dayton acted as Secretary.
Major-Generals Frank P. Blair, Jr., John
A. Logan, and A. J. Smith ; Brevet Major-
General Giles A. Smith and Brevet Briga-
dier-General W. B. Woods were appointed
a committee to prepare a plan of organiza-
tion.
Lieutenant Robt. M. Woods, a year later
the first Adjutant-General of the Grand
Army of the Republic, and Captain George
R. Steele, Adjutant of the first Post of the
Grand Army of the Republic, participated
in these meetings.
General Blair reported the plan of or-
ganization at an adjourned meeting, held
in the same place, April 25. Membershij)
in the society was restricted to officers who
had served with the " Old Army of the
Tennessee."
The objects were stated as follows: " To
keep alive and preserve that kindly and cordial feeling which
has been one of the characteristics of this army during its
career in the service, and which has given it such harmony
of action, and contributed in no small degree to its glorious
achievements in our country's cause. The fame and glory of
all officers belonging to this army, who have fallen, either on
the field of battle or in the line of their daily duty, shall be
a sacred trust to this society, which shall cause proper memo-
rials of their services to be collected and preserved, and thus
transmit their names with honor to posterity. The families of
all such officers who shall be in indigent circumstances will have
a claim upon the generosity of the society, and will be relieved
by the voluntary contributions of its members whenever brought
to their attention. In like manner the suffering families of
those officers who may hereafter be stricken by death shall be a
trust in the hands of the survivors."
Major-General John A. Rawlins was elected President of the
society. He was then serving as Chief of Staff to Lieutenant-
General Grant, and the committee, in recommending his elec-
Badge,
Army of the Tennessee.
14 Grand Army of the Republic.
tion, reported that they had agreed npon his name "in con-
sideration of his eminent services in connection with the 'Army
of the Tennessee,' and also because of his ability and fitness for
the position."
At the next meeting, in Cincinnati, November 14, 1866, the fol-
lowing officers were elected : President, General John A. Eawlins ;
Vice-Presidents, Major-Generals John A. Logan, F. P. Blair, Jr.,
R. J. OciLESBY, Giles A. Smith, ^Y. W. Belknap, Brigadier-General
Cassius Fairchild ; Recording Secretary, Lieutenant-Colonel L.
M. Dayton ; Corresponding Secretary, Brigadier-General A. HiCK-
enlooper ; Treasurer, Major-General M. F. Force.
General Rawlins remained President of the society until his
death, September 6, 1869.
General Sherman was then elected President, and is so serving
at this date. The Recording Secretary has held that office from
the first meeting, and the Corresponding Secretary and the Treas-
urer since 1866.
By an amendment to the constitution, any member may desig-
nate by will the relative to whom such membership shall descend,
and in default of such declaration, the eldest son shall inherit his
father's title to enrollment in the society.
The Society of the Army of the Tennessee erected in Washing-
ton, at a cost of $50,000, a handsome equestrian statue of Major-
General Rawlins, and has also placed an appropriate memorial,
costing §i23,000, over the grave of Major-General James B.
McPherson, at Clyde, Ohio, and an equestrian statue of General
McPherson in AVashington.
A monument in memory of General John A. Logan, will also
be erected in Washington.
society of the army of the CUMBERLAND.
This society was organized in Cincinnati, February 16, 1868.
Memljership is open to all officers and enlisted men who served in
the Array of the Cumberland.
Major-General Geo. H. Thomas was President until his death
in 1870, when General W. S. Rosecrans was elected, who served
during 1870-71. In 1872 General Philip H. Sheridan was elected
President, and is still (June, 1888) serving in that position.
The b;ulge of the sociiity was formally juloptod at a meeting of
officers and soldiers, held at Artillery Corps Headquarters, Nash-
Veteean Societies.
15
ville, June 10, 1865. Breyet Brigadier-
General J. L. Donaldson, Brevet Brig-
adier-General E. Opdycke, Brevet
Colonel W. H. Greenwood, Lieuten-
ant-Colonel W. L. Foulke, and Cap-
tain R. N. Litson, served as the Com-
mittee on Badge.
The fact of the adoption of this
badge was published by General Geo.
H. Thomas in General Orders No. 41,
dated Headquarters Department of
the Cumberland, Nashville, Tennes-
see, June 19, 1865, " to signalize and
perpetuate the history of the Army
of the Cumberland."
The Eive-pointed Star was the
badge of the 20th Army Corps, the
Triangle of the 4th Army Corps, and
the Acorn of the 14th Army Corps.
The equestrian statue of General
Geo. H. Thomas in Washington, was
erected by this society in 1879, as an
enduring tribute to the memory of their great leader. The statue
cost $35,000. The pedestal was provided by Congress. In May,
1887, the society erected a monument in memory of General
James A. Garfield.
The Society of the Army of the Ohio, Major-General John M.
ScHOFiELD, President, and the Society of the Army of Georgia,
Major-General Henry W. Slocum, President, were organized at
Chicago, December 15, 1868, when a reunion of these Western
societies was held.
General Grant, then President-elect of the United States, so
intimately associated by service with them, was j)resent, the cen-
tral figure of a notable group: Grant, Sherman, and Thomas.
General Thomas presided over the meeting, and General Sher-
man made the address of welcome. Orations were delivered by
representatives of each society as follows:
Army of the Tennessee, General W. W. Belknap.
Army of the Cumberland, General Chas. Cruft.
Army of the Ohio, General J. D. Cox.
Army of Georgia, General Wm. Cogswell.
Badge,
Army of the Cumberland
i<;
Grand Army of the Kepublic,
SIGNAL CORPS.
IJadge,
Signal. Corps.
The United States Veteran Signal Corps As-
sociation was organized at Boston, November
H, 181)7, Lieutenant J. "SVillard Brown, Presi-
dent. Annual meetings have been held as fol-
lows: September 1, 1877; September 6, 1878,
and August 29, 1879, at Revere Beach, Massa-
chusetts, Captain F. R. Shattuck, President ;
August 2fi, 1880, Rocky Point, Rhode Island;
August 25, 1881, Point of Pines, Massachusetts,
Lieutenant J. Willard Brown, President ; August
31, 1882, Fall River, Massachusetts, John F. Ridley, President;
August 30, 1883, Hull, Massachusetts, F. W. Marston, President ;
August 28, 1884, Crescent Beach, Massachusetts, Major A. B.
('aj)ron, President ; August 27, 1885, Silver Spring, Rhode Island,
and August 26, 1886, Brighton Beach, New York, Colonel J. C.
Paine, President; August 25, 1887, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,
rieueral B. F. Fisher, President. Secretary, Chas. D. ^V. Marcy,
155 Franklin street, Boston, Massachusetts ; Historian, J. Willard
Brown, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
THE SOCIETY OF THE ARMY OF THE JAMES
"Was organized in Boston, September 2, 1868, General Chas.
Devens, Jr., President. Meetings were held in 1871, 1874, and
lH7f), and tlie society then became incorporated with the Society
of the Army of the Potomac.
THE SOCIETY oF Jiri: HCHNSIDE EXPEDITION AND OF THE NINTH CORPS
Wa.s organized in New York city, February 8, 1869. General A.
E. liurnside was President until his death, in 1871. General A.
li. U. Sprague, Vice-President, served as President until the next
reunif)n, wlien General Jolin F. Parke was elected. General John
F. Hartranft was elected President in 1884.
The jiresent officers are : President, General Gilbert H. McKib-
])in ; Vice-PreHident, Colonel R. H. I. Goddard ; Secretary and
TreiiMurer, General C. H. Barney, 32 Nassau street, New York city.
Veteean Societies.
17
AEMY OF THE POTOMAC.
Badge,
Akmy of the Potomac.
The Society of the Army of the Potomac
was organized in New York city, July 5,
1869, and has held annual reunions since
that date. All officers and soldiers who
served in the Army of the Potomac and in
the 10th and 18th Army Corps, Army of
the James, are eligible to membership.
The officers are a President, one Vice-
President from each Army Corps, the First,
Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Ninth,
Eleventh, Twelfth, Eighteenth, Nineteenth,
Artillery Corps, Cavalry Corps, and Signal
Corps, and from the General Staflf ; a Treas-
urer, Recording Secretary, and Correspond-
ing Secretary.
Meetings have been held and Presidents
of the society elected as follows :
1869, July 5, New York city, Lieutenant-General P. H. Sheridan
1870, April 9, Philadelphia, Major-General Geo. G. Meade.
1871, May 12, Boston, Major-General Joseph Hooker.
1872, May 7, Cleveland, Major-General A. E. Burnside.
1873, May 14, New Haven, Major-General Irwin McDowell.
1874, May 12, Harrisburg, Major-General W. S. Hancock.
1875, no meeting.
1876, June 6, Philadelphia, Major-General John F. Hartranft.
1877, June 27, Providence, Rhode Island, Major-General H
Slocum.
1878, June 5, Springfield, Massachusetts, Major-General ^\
Franklin.
1879, June 18, Albany, Major-General Daniel E. Sickles,
1880, June 16, Burlington, Vermont, Major-General H. G. Wright.
1881, June 8, Hartford, Brevet Major-General Chas. Devens, Jr.
1882, June 10, Detroit, Major-General A. A. Humphreys.
1883, May 16, Washington, D. C, Brevet Major-General John
Newton.
1884, June 11, Brooklyn, New York, General Ulysses S. Grant.
1885, May 7, Baltimore, General Ulysses S. Grant.
1886, August 2, San Francisco, Brevet Major-General M. T.
McMahon.
2
AV
B.
18 Grand Army of the Eepuhlic.
1887, June 22, Saratoga Springs, Major-General John C. Robinson.
Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel Truesdell, New York city,
is Treasurer ; Brevet Colonel Horatio C. King, New York city,
Reeonliug Secretary ; Brevet Major-General Geo. H. Sharpe, Ron-
(lout, New York, Corresponding Secretary.
THE SOCIETY OF THE ARMY AND NAVY OF THE GULF
AVas formed by officers who served in the DejDartment of the Gulf,
at a meeting held at Long Branch, New Jersey, July 8, 1869.
Admiral D. G. Farragut was President until his death, when Gen-
eral Sheridan was elected.
THE SOCIETY OF THE ARMY OF WEST VIRGINIA
AVas organized at Moundsville, West Virginia, September 22,
1870. General R. B. Hayes was the first President of the society.
Large and interesting reunions have been held each year.
Officers : President, General George Crook ; Vice-Presidents,
General R. B. Hayes, General W. H. Powell, General I. H. Duval,
General B. F. Kelley, General W. S. Rosecraus, General H. F.
Devol, General W. H. Enochs, General R. H. Milroy, General Van
H. Bukey, Major B. M. Skinner, Colonel H. B. Hubbard, General
N. Gofi", Colonel John A. Turley, Colonel Robert Bruce, Colonel
Thayer Melvin, Colonel J. F. Charlesworth, Colonel J. M. Sclioon-
maker. Colonel D. D. Johnson, Major J. M. Overturf, Captain J.
P. Hart, Captain N, R. AVarwick.
THE MILITARY ORDER OF THE LOYAL LEGION OF THE UNITED STATES.
Tlie " Loyal Legion " was the first society formed by officers
honorably discharged from the service.
On the day after the assassination of President Lincoln, Col-
onel S. B. AA'ylie Mitchell, Captain Peter D. Keyser, M. D., and
Lieutenant-Colonel T. Ellwood Zell, met at the office of the latter,
ill Pliiliwlelphia, to arrange for a meeting of ex-officers of the army
and navy to udcipt resolutions relative to the death of President
Lincoln.
The subject of a jx^riiianent organization was discussed, and
tlif'Kf goiitloiiK'ii ;i}^r('('(l to consult otlior army fricMids, and bo pre-
Veteran Societies.
19
Obverse.
Reverse.
Badge, Loyal Legion.
pared to take more definite action at a meeting to be held on
April 20.
On the latter evening, after the adoption of the resolutions
referred to, it was decided to efi'ect a permanent organization, and
an adjourned meeting w&s, held for this purpose, in the hall of
the Hibernia Fire Company, in Philadelphia, May 3, 1865.
Lieutenant-Colonel Henry A. Cook presided, with Captain
Chas. S. Greene, Secretary. The following were elected officers :
President, Lieutenant-Colonel T. Ellwood Zell ; 1st Yice-Presi-
dent, Lieutenant-Colonel H. A. Cook ; 2d Vice-President, Major
Casper M. Berry ; Secretary, Colonel S. B. Wylie Mitchell, M. D.;
Treasurer, Captain Peter D. Keyser, M. D.
During the month of May, 1865, a constitution and by-laws
were adopted, in part.
The officers provided for, were : Commander, Senior and 'Junior
Vice-Commanders, Eecorder, Correspondent, Treasurer, Chancel-
lor, Chaplain, and Council.
20 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
The orgauizatiou proviiloil for District (or local) Command-
eries, Graud (State) Commauderies, and a Commandery-in-Cliief.
A full corps of officers was elected November 1, 1865.
COMMANDERS OF THE LOYAL LEGION.
Lieutenant-Colouel T. Ellwood Zell, May to November 4tli,
1865.
Major-General George Cadwalader, Acting Commander-in-
Chief, November 4th, 1865, until the date of his death, February
3d, 1879.
Major-General Winfield S. Hancock, Acting Commander-in-
Chief, June 5th, 1879-October 21st, 1885 ; Commander-in-Chief,
October 21st, 1885, to February Dth, 1886, when he died.
Brevet Major-General Rutherford B, Hayes, Acting Command-
er-in-Chief, February 9th to October 20th, 1886.
General Philip H. Sheridan was elected Commander-in-Chief
October 20th, 1886.
RECORDERS.
Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel S. B. Wylie Mitchell, Secretary, May
17th-.Tuly 20th, 1865 ; Acting Recorder-in-Chief, July 21st, 1865-
August 16th, 1869, the date of his death.
Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel John P. Nicholson, Acting Record-
er-in-Chief, August 21st, 1879-October 21st, 1885; Recorder-in-
Chiof, October 21st, 1885.
State Commauderies are located as follows :
Veteran Societies.
21
a>
ox
CO
to
1-^
o
<©
00
<!
05
CIT
><^
05
bS
h-i-
i4
p
W ? g O g g
S' CD b" O
§ crq S &-
c § S crq
2 S ^
o
:n -^ e:. p
CO — •-
ii. O C
o
•T)
o o t^
S' 2 :^
t-H a ^tJ
z- P-
p c s^
^ !z|
O f=
O
O
^^
O
O
I— I
GO
o
o
t^
Q
I— I
o
CD
O O
p
p
tS l-i I-'
p T5 p "TS
I-' ^^ l-T' "T*
t>
00 1-^ ^
0«OMPP'-«>lP'-<--p^^O'-^'>r"S<
SJ p u
t— l-H t—
^ w r
■^ s. *^^.
o o *^ »^
t-" o
S-i >-■• >-(
3
bj
S g
O Q
S! P ^
^
w
q3 "3 ?? Q
a w
td
— t" B
b. >► B
I § g
U- fD S-
5' P W
u p
w
p
w s.
Q ^ r^ g 2 S
EL S=
p t::;
O
CD b3
t3d
22 Grand Aumy of the Republic.
The Gram] Army of the Eepublic atlopted in part the titles of
ottit-ers aud general plan of organization of the Loyal Legion.
A part of the " Objects " of the G. A. K, Sec. 3tl, Art. II, Chap. I,
" Loyalty," was copied from the constitution of the Loyal Legion
by the Encampment at Indianapolis, November, 18G6.
The essential difference in the two societies is in their terms of
eligibility to membership, the Loyal Legion restricting member-
ship of the first class to officers.
THE CINCINNATI SOCIETY OF EX-AKMY AND NAVY OFFICERS
Was organized in Cincinnati, October 2, 1874, " to preserve a feel-
ing of friendship and cordiality among those who served in our
National forces during the struggle for the preservation of the
Republic, and also to keep a record of its members."
Colonel Stanley Matthews was the first President. Meetings
are held quarterly with an annual meeting followed by a banquet,
on the 3d Thursday in January.
PENNSYLVANIA RESERVE ASSOCIATION.
This Association was formed by representatives of the fifteen
Pennsylvania regiments organized in 1861, by Governor Curtin, in
anticipation of a call for troops to serve for three years, under the
title " Pennsylvania Reserves Corps," and were in active service
during the whole period of the war, from the date of their mus-
ter-in.
A preliminary meeting of representatives was held in Phila-
delphia, July 3d, 1866, when it was resolved to call a meeting at
Lancaster, Septemljer 14, 1866, to effect a permanent organization,
" to cherish the memories, perpetuate the friendships, and con-
tinue the associations formed in the field." Governor A. G. Curtin
was elected President, and has so continued to serve by election
annually since. General H. G. Sickel, Vice-President ; Colonel J.
I*. Taylor, Treasurer ; Jno. C. Harvey, Recording Secretary ; Col-
onel Jno. H. Taggart, Corresponding Secretary.
The present officers are : President, Ex-Governor Curtin ; one
"N'ice-President from each regiment ; Recording Secretary, Captain
Jolin Taylor, Plnla<l<d])liia ; Corresponding Secretary, Colonel
Chill. W. Flazzard, Monongahela City; Treasurer, Wallace W.
Johnson, IMiiliul(d])hia.
l*«'iiiisylvania R(?serve Post No. I'.U, riiilad<di)liia, is composed
exclusively of members who served in the Reserve Corps.
Veteean Societies. 23
veterans of the navy.
The following associations are composed exclusively of men
wlio served in the Navy during the rebellion :
The Fcvrragut Veteran Association, of Philadelphia — Commander,
George L. Varnick, 215 North Tenth street ; Secretary, Wil-
liam Simmons, 1432 Wharton street.
Connecticut Naval Veteran Association — President, Chas. A. Stillman,
Hartford, Connecticut ; Secretary, Sherman W. Adams, Hart-
ford, Connecticut.
The Farragut Veteran Association of the Port of New York — Com-
mander, S. L. B. McCallmount, 237 Willoughby avenue,
Brooklyn ; Secretary, J. P. Holland, 225 Eleventh street,
Brooklyn.
Farragut Veteran Association of the West — Commander, J. W. Page,
14 Ashland Block, Chicago, Illinois ; Secretary, T. H. Burke,
14 Ashland Block, Chicago, Hlinois.
Tlie Naval Veteran Legion of California — President, Martin Murray,
215 Sutter street, San Francisco ; Secretary, E. G. King, 215
Sutter street, San Francisco.
The Essex Association of Naval Veterans, of Essex, Massachusetts —
Commander, E. A. Winn, Salem, Massachusetts ; Secretary,
E. A. Brown, Salem, Massachusetts ; Assistant Secretary, Paul
Phalen, Lawrence, Massachusetts.
Naval Veteran Association of the Gulf of Neiu Orleans — President,
T. J. Woodward, 40 and 42 Canal street. New Orleans ; Secre-
tary, Geo. J. Pinckard, 40 and 42 Canal street, New Orleans.
Commodore Foote Naval Veteran Association, St. Louis, Missouri —
Commander, J. C. Parker, 507 N. Third street, St. Louis, Mis-
souri ; Secretary, Joseph Brown, Jr., 3611 Cass avenue, St.
Louis, Missouri.
The " Kearsarge " Association of Naval Veterans, of Boston, Massa-
chusetts— Commodore, P. H. Kendricken, 46 Milliliont street,
Boston, Massachusetts ; Secretary, Chas. E. Curtis, 46 Mill-
mout street, Boston, Massachusetts.
The "Monitor" Association of Naval Veterans, of Camden, Neio
Jersey — Commander, R. A. Pierson, 564 Berkley street, Cam-
den, New Jersey ; Secretary, D. A. Carter, 733 Federal street,
Camden, New Jersey.
On January 13, 1887, representatives from a number of these
associations met in New York city, and formed the "National
'2i Grand Army of the Republic.
Association of Naval Veterans." Chas. W. Adams, Chicago, was
elected Commodore, aud AVilliam Simmous, Philadelphia, Secre-
tary.
The second annual meeting was held in the quarters of Naval
Post No. 4U0, Philadelphia, in January, 1888, and the folloAving
officers were chosen : Commodore, Joseph Hadfield, New York ;
Commander, George L. Yaruick, Philadelphia ; Paymaster, F. H.
Grove, New York ; Surgeon, J. D. Murray, New Jersey ; Secretary,
AVilliam Simmons, 1432 Wharton street, Philadelphia.
Officers or enlisted men of the United States Naval, Revenue
or Marine service, who served between April 12, 1861, and August
25, 1865, are eligible to membership.
Distinctively Naval Posts have been formed as follows :
No. 400, Philadelphia, William Simmons, Commander.
No. 51(5, New York city, F. H. Grove, Commander.
No. 104, Hoboken, Louis Richards, Commander.
Reference will be made in a closing chapter to other societies,
and in the records of Departments to local or State societies form-
ing the nucleus for the organization of the Grand Army of the
Republic.
VETERANS POLITICAL CLUBS.
In referring to the political tendencies of the Grand Army of
tlie Republic in the early years of its existence, it is necessary to
n^call, ItrieHy, the political situation during that period.
The reconstruction of the States in rebellion, when peace
should be estal)lished by the surrender of the Confederate forces,
was (nw. that necessarily occupied the earnest attention of Presi-
dent Lincoln.
His hist public speech, when receiving the congratulations of
tilt; i)('o])h;. after the surrender of Lee, Avas deToted mainly to this
question, and hi; had previously stated to a delegation of Virgin-
ians in liichmond, who had there called upon him after the occu-
pation of that city by Union troops, that his policy would be
magnanimous, forgiving, and generous.
The act that deprived the nation of his ]n-iceless services was
a terribh' l)lo\v to tluj p(M)ple of the South, for it checked and
retardc*! for yi^ars the magnanimous feeling that had developed in
the North tlie moment that victory was assured.
Andrew .bthnson, who as Vice-President succeeded to the Pres-
Yeteean Societies. " 25
idency on the death of Mr. Lincoln, was one of the notable men of
the South. He had boldly and consistently opposed secession, and
was the only Senator from the seceding States who remained true
to his oath of fealty to the Union. Upon the earnest request of
the President he had, in 1862, accepted the post of Military Gov-
ernor of Tennessee, and in this trying position had loyally main-
tained his devotion to his country.
Assuming the Presidency under circumstances so appalling as
the assassination of President Lincoln, it was but natural that he
should strongly share the all-pervading horror of that crime. He
lost no opportunity of expressing his conviction that traitors
should be condignly punished. " To the conscious, intelligent,
influential traitor who attempted to destroy the life of a nation I
would say, on you be inflicted the severest penalties of your
crime." Such sentiments created general apprehensions that a
revengeful, retaliatory policy, more severe than was deemed neces-
sary to secure the results settled by the war, would now be pur-
sued.
It is unnecessary to follow in detail the events which soon
produced a radical change in the sentiments of President Johnson,
which widely separated him from his party, and involved the
country in bitter, rancorous political discussions.
The Thirty-ninth Congress assembled in December, 1865, and
entered vigorously upon the consideration of reconstruction
measures. The debates and action of Congress culminated in the
adoption, over the veto of the President, among other important
measures, of the Civil Rights Bill. In public discussions and in
the Republican papers Mr. Johnson was bitterly assailed for his
alleged change of opinions. He answered in kind, and publicly
denounced by name prominent Senators, Representatives, and
citizens who differed from him on these questions.
The political campaign of 1866 was fought mainly upon the
issues involved in the disputes between President Johnson and
the majority in Congress. In such a contest the veteran soldiers
and sailors could not but feel and evince a deep interest. Many
thousands who at the outbreak of the rebellion hadafiiliated with
the Democratic Party were, at its close, in accord with the party
which had made the vigorous prosecution of the war against
rebellion its dominant principle. There were others, and in large
numbers, too young to have taken any part in politics before the
war, who were naturally influenced by their associations in the
26 GiiAND Army of the Republic.
service. The great mass of the soldier vote was Republican in
I8r»<», l>ut it was not by any means a unit, for large nnmbers of
gallant soldiers who had ably served their country in the field,
were then, and have remained, Democrats in their political belief.
During this period quite a number of influential soldiers iden-
tified with the Republican Party espoused the cause of President
Johnson, and these but added fuel to the flame, and inspired both
jiarties to redoubled eflbrts to secure or retain the " soldier vote."
POLITICAL VETERANS SOCIETIES.
The events referred to excited alike all classes and parties, and
induced among the veterans the formation of hundreds of political
clubs, under such titles as " Boys in Blue," " Soldiers and Sailors
Leagues," " AVliite Boys in Blue," " Conservative Army and Navy
Union," " Colored Soldiers Leagues," etc.
Both parties were represented in National Conventions of
Soldiers and Sailors held in September, 1866.
THE CONVENTION AT CLEVELAND.
Representative soldiers, members of the Democratic Party,
assembled in large numbers at Cleveland, Ohio, September 17,
1866. General John E. Wool was chosen president of the conven-
tion. Generals George A. Custer, Gordon Granger, J. B. Steadman,
Lovell H. Rousseau, John A. McClernand, Thos. Ewing, Jr.,
Thomas L. Crittenden, Thomas E. Bramlette, E. S. Bragg, and
ThoH. A. Davies were among the influential members of the con-
vention. Resolutions strongly indorsing the course of President
Johnson were adopted.
TFIE CONVENTION AT PITTSBURG.
The Soldiers and Sailors Republican Convention held in Pitts-
burg, S('pt(niil)cr 2"), was also a large and notable asseml)lage.
(Jeni-ral .John A. Logan luid l)een agreed upon for presitlent of the
convj?ntion, but was ])revented from attending, and General Jacob
D. Cox was rhosen. (Jeueral li. F. Butler was chairman of the
cf)inii»itt<M' on resolutions.
(leneral Grant liad ii]» to this time taken no part in politics,
and his political vit-ws wore not puhlicly known, but ho took pains
Veteran Societies. 27
to rebuke a fellow-officer who claimed to know that he was in
sympathy with President Johnson's policy. On the other hand,
in response to an invitation to attend the Pittsburg convention,
General Badeau wrote, " General Grant instructs me to say that it
is contrary to his habit and to his conviction of duty to attend
political meetings of any character whatsoever, and he sees with
regret the action of any officer of the army taking a conspicuous
part in the political discussions of the day."
It is not our purpose to refer to the work of these conventions
further than as they seemed to affect the Grand Army of the Re-
public.
The Department of Indiana was the only department repre-
sented distinctly as such in the Pittsburg Convention, having
representatives from 138 Posts, in response to a circular from de-
partment headquarters, which said, " No convention of a similar
character has ever been held, and it becoines us as loyal soldiers
to cordially respond to the call. The American volunteer army,
though disbanded, is yet a unit, and the same high emotions which
knit its members together when hardship came and the conflict
raged still actuate the mass of our soldiers."
Major O. M. Wilson, Assistant Adjutant-General of the De-
partment of Indiana, was exceedingly active during this conven-
tion in interviewing leading representatives relative to the Grand
Army of the Republic, urging the organization of Posts, and for
this purpose he " obligated " quite a number from the East, in-
structed them in the " work," and gave them copies of the rules
and of the ritual.
Under a resolution of the convention a committee was ap-
pointed for the purpose of consolidating all veteran societies " in
sympathy with the principles of the Union Republican Party."
General Henry A. Barnum, New York, was appointed president
of the executive committee to act with the following representa-
tives of the societies named : Grand Army of the Republic, Gen-
eral T. S. Allen, Wisconsin ; United States Service Club, Con-
necticut, Colonel E. Blakeslee ; Maryland Boys in Blue, General
A. M. Denison ; Michigan Boys in Blue, General R. A. Alger ;
Soldiers and Sailors Union, Washington, D. C, Major H. A. Hall.
This action resulted in the formation of a national organiza-
tion of " Boys in Blue" for the presidential campaign of 1868.
The Grand Army of the Republic was not further officially iden-
tified with that movement.
28 Grand Army of the Republic.
The formation of these clubs, while in a great measure the
natural result of the exciting discussions of that period, was
also largely controlled and directed by another motive. The gen-
eral sentiment of the patriotic jDeople was that the men who had
given up chances for advancement at home, and of making pro-
vision for their families in the many avenues of trade and com-
merce stimulated by the war, who had returned with a good
record of service, or wounded or disabled, should be entitled to
consideration in the distribution of offices under the local, State,
or national governments.
They hjul been led to believe during the war that the able-
bodied men who had remained at home would cheerfully concede
})laces of honor and profit to the veterans whose services and sac-
rifices had " preserved us a nation."
However prettily this theory sounded in a newspaper leader
for encouraging enlistments, it did not work when applied to
" practical politics." Politicians entrenched in positions were not
willing to surrender them to gratify merely sentimental whims,
and strongly objected to interference with plans which had always
one leading object — the retention of place and power by them-
selves or by others selected to succeed them because of political
service.
The returning veterans who desired to take an active part in
politics in 1865-6, were looked upon by those most directly inter-
ested in pursuing a contrary course, as intruding upon a domain
in which they had no right to enter. They were expected to be
satisfied with the glories of their past martial life, and leave
" i»<)litics " to those who better understood that science.
These veteran clubs were therefore, at this time, an absolute
necessity for the protection and advancement of soldiers and
sailors in and to positions of trust and emolument. They could
thus concentrate their efi'orts and command the attention of nia-
nipnhitors of conventions. That mistakes were made, that often-
times unworthy men were pushed forward in the over-zeal of com-
rad«*shi]), is true ; nevertheless many a worthy soldier was ben-
cfitttd by the organization of the "Boys in Blue" and similar
Hocieties. The hearts of the loyal and patriotic people were with
them and sustained tlicir action.
In the Hiist, after the fall ehictions oi 1866, these clubs were
ready to disband ; their work was practically over for a time, but
Veteran Societies. 29
the warm feelings of comradesliip led to inquiries for a better and
more permanent organization.
No Post had been established east of Ohio prior to October,
1866, but when a beginning was effected in any of the Eastern
States, these clubs, which were composed only of those eligible to
membership in the Grand Army of the Republic, naturally formed
the nucleus for the Posts which were thereafter rapidly formed,
in many instances, wholly from " Boys in Blue," or similar asso-
ciations.
Secret political societies may have had a reason for their exist-
ence in time of actual war, but they were generally looked upon
as unnecessary, if not a public menace, in times of peace. The
strong underlying sentiment on this subject certainly militated
against the Grand Army of the Republic, and it required years to
remove the prejudice then created.
It could hardly be expected that the public should be able at
first to distinguish between Posts of the Grand Army and clubs
of Boys in Blue, when composed largely of the same individuals
and sometimes officered by the same persons, and, in the excited
condition of political affairs, members of the Grand Army of the
Republic were not at all careful to maintain the distinction in
the widely different objects of these so'cieties. When, therefore.
Posts of the Grand Army attended political meetings wearing
the army caps or badges, or aided in sending delegates to a con-
vention on behalf of some favored friend or comrade, the jjublic
was not far wrong in believing the Order had decided partisan
proclivities.
But there were instances where Posts went further than this,
and directly presented names i6r nomination for offices, with the
threat, implied if not uttered, that failure to so nominate would
drive them into the ranks of the opposition. Such action soon
created internal dissensions in the struggle for control and advan-
tage, and this was skillfully fomented from without by those whose
personal interests were jeopardized by the adverse action of these
Posts.
While such action was mainly local, and confined to a small
area, the Order at large was held responsible, and the public dis-
trust of political methods by a secret society, grew so strong, that
it became almost impossible to establish Posts in new fields, while
others surrendered their charters or became defunct without that
formality.
30 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
Other causes, however, aided during this period in the almost
total disruption of the Order. Many thousands of veterans were
unsettled as to their future, their places had been filled by
others, and even those physically capable of competing for work
were compelled to seek new fields for employment. To these the
political campaigns were only a diversion, and then they drifted
somewhat mechanically into the Grand Army, and when their
curiosity was satisfied, allowed their names to be dropped from
its rolls. Large numbers of the younger men were devoting
attention to other matters— were getting married and raising
families. They w^ere building for the future and did not desire
to be hampered with other work than that affecting their own
direct interests.
It would be unfair to hold officers of either the National En-
campment or of Departments in any degree responsible for this
condition of afi'airs in the Grand Army of the Republic. The
Avhole people w^ere equally excited and unsettled, and the causes so
strongly affecting the Grand Army were beyond the control of any
of its officers.
There were, however, many who recognized the power for
good existing in such an organization of veterans, and who be-
lieved that it could be maintained if placed upon a purely non-
partisan basis, and that it could not be maintained on any other.
In January, 1868, the National Encampment declared that while
it was the purpose of the Grand Army " to secure the rights of
these defenders of their country by all moral, social and political
means in our control," "yet this association does not design to
make nominations for office, or to use its influence as a secret or-
ganization for partisan purposes.'*
In 1809, the following Article was added to the Rules and Reg-
ulations :
" No officer or comrade of the Grand Army of the Republic
shall in any manner use this f)rgauization for partisan purposes,
and no discussion of })iirtisan (juestions sliall be permitted at any
of its meetings, nor shall any nominations for political office be
1)1
e.
This lius coiitinnod to b(> the law of the Grand Army of the
Repul)lic, and iiiidtT it ilui organization has grown to be a power-
ful iiitluciKM- for good, a grand conservator of peace.
Tim Grand Army lias used this influ(Mice to secure legislation
for tin- care and <'(lucation of oi'phans of dead comrades, for in-
Veteran Societies. 31
creased pensions for widows and orphans and dependent parents,
and for homes for homeless veterans upon whom the hand of ad-
versity has heavily fallen. It has urged an increase of pensions for
the disabled to help them in their advancing years and increasing
infirmities, and has sought to remove from the nation the shame
of permitting men who saved its life to live, die, and be buried as
paupers in the land they helped to save.
While asking State and Nation for needed aid for the unfor-
tunate, they have not been unmindful of their own obligations to
suffering comrades. As will be shown by the official reports, hun-
dreds of thousands of dollars have been annually disbursed by the
Grand Army for charity, in addition to the personal donations of
members that must amount to fully as much more.
And what account shall be taken of fraternal visits to homes of
afflicted comrades — a work shared in later years by the Woman's
Eelief Corps, and by Ladies' Aids under different names ; of the
comfort given the dying veteran in the assurance that wife and
children should be cared for and not left to the cold charity of a
heedless world ?
The work of the Grand Army has been carried on without dis-
tinction of party or creed, rank or color, and very largely for those
who have remained outside the organization and have contributed
nothing for its support.
The Grand Army of the Republic has long outgrown the mis-
takes of its infancy. With a membership drawn only from the
limited number who were privileged to wear the uniform of their
country in the days of its great peril, the growth of the Order for
some years past has been phenomenal.
In examining the statistics of membership elsewhere jDresented,
it should be borne in mind that each year brings an ever-increas-
ing death-rate among the survivors.
It is now over twenty-two years since Dr. Stephenson for-
mulated the plans for this organization of veterans of the war
against rebellion. His body has long lain in that bea'utiful ceme-
tery on the banks of the Sangamon River, but his work goes
grandly on.
The cultivation of fraternity in this, the grandest association
of soldiers and sailors ever formed, the exemplification of charity
to the distressed have been only portions of the work of the
Grand Army of the Republic.
It has countenanced nothing of personal animosities against
32 CJuAND Army of the Kepublic
tliose who, a quarter of a century ago, so wrongfully arrayed
themselves against their country, but has sought to more deeply
imj)ress upon rising generations the lessons to be drawn from the
liistory of the past, and which have been indelibly impressed
upon the heart of the Nation at such great cost of life and treas-
ure— that the highest duty of the citizen is loyalty to his country
and its ilag!
/3 /' J^^O^Z^^-'Mu^^c.^X^^i^
CHAPTER III.
ORGANIZATION OF THE GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC.
The Reverend William J. Rutledge, now residing in Peters-
burg, Illinois, was born of a noted family in Yirginia, June 24,
1820.
In 1835 he emigrated to Ji^^ip^'^^
Illinois, and at the age of
twenty entered the minis-
try of the Methodist Epis-
copal Church. For over
forty-seven years he has
been laboring as preacher
and chaplain, and is to-day
the happy possessor of a
strong body and a vigorous
intellect.
Upon the breaking out
of the Rebellion he enlisted
as Chaplain of the 14tli
Illinois Infantry, and
served the three-years
term. One son, a boy of
16, enlisted in the Third Illinois Cavalry ; another was a drummer-
boy at the age of twelve.
Chaplain Rutledge was the tent-mate and bosom companion of
Dr. Stephenson, after the latter joined this regiment in 1862.
Their regiment formed part of Sherman's Expedition to Meridian,
in February, 1864, and while upon this campaign, Chaplain Rut-
ledge suggested to Major Stephenson, that the soldiers so closely
allied in the fellowship of suffering, would, when mustered out of
the service, naturally desire some form of association that would
preserve the friendships and the memories of their common trials
and dangers.
As they talked together, on the march or in bivouac, this
thought expanded into the widest fields of conjecture as to the
3 [33]
Chaplain W. J. Rutledge.
34
Grand Army of the Eepqblic.
capiicity for f^ooil iu such au orgauization of veterans, and they
airreeil that if spared they would together work out some such
project.
After the close of their army service this subject formed the
hasis of their correspondence, until March, 1866, when Chaplain
Kutledge met Dr. Stephenson, by appointment, in Springfield,
Illinois, and spent some time with him iu arranging a ritual for
tlie ])r()posed organization.
Before this date, however, Dr.
Stephenson had shown notes of
a j3roposed ritual to persons in
Springfield, and Major A. A.
North, then a clerk in the drug
store with which Dr. Stephenson
was connected, was shown such
drafts early in the Winter of 1865
-GC), which frequently formed
the subject of conversation.
Comrade Fred. I. Dean, now
of Fort Smith, Arkansas, states
that in February, 1866, Dr.
Stephenson asked his co-opera-
tion in writing out the rough
notes of the ritual, and that then
he and the business associates
of Dr. Stephenson, Drs. Allen and Hamilton, were obligated in
the Grand Army work.
There are naturally some differences in the statements of those
now surviving, who participated in the preliminary work of the
(Jrand Army of the Republic — differences occasioned largely by
the necessity for relying Tipou memory, after this lapse of time,
for details of matters that did not then seem so important, and
of which there are but meagre records.
The following are known to have participated in the confer-
ences in Springfield that finally resulted in the organization of the
Grand Army of the li('])n])lic : Colonel John M. Snyder, Doctor
.TamcH Hamiltf)n, Major llobert ]\I. Woods, Major Ilobert Allen,
('ha])laiii Williain J. llutledge. Colonel Martin Flood, Colonel
Daniel (irass, (Colonel Edward Prince, Captain John S. Phelps,
(.'aj)tain John A. Lightfoot, Ca])tain (since Colonel) 13. F. Smith,
M.vjiju A. A. XoiiTH.
Oeganization. 35
Brevet Major A, A. North, Captain Henry E. Howe, and Lieuten-
ant (since Colonel) B. F. Hawkes.
Meetings Avere first held in the offices of Drs. Allen, Hamilton,
and Stephenson, and afterwards in the office of Colonel John M.
Snyder, then Secretary to Governor Oglesby.
One of Dr. Stephenson's active associates at that time was
Captain John S. Phelps, who had enlisted as a private in Company
B, 32d Illinois Infantry, and, at the age of 18 years, had been pro-
moted to be First Lieutenant " for meritorious conduct at Fort
Donelson and Pittsburg Landing." His interest in the matter
Avas strong and practical, and he urged Dr. Stephenson to at once
make a beginning by effecting an organization in Springfield.
Captain Phelps also corresponded with the Soldiers and Sail-
ors League in St. Louis, and obtained a copy of their ritual, por-
tions of which were used for the Grand Army of the Kepublic.
The name for the organization had not been decided upon in
March, and it is probable that the " work " of an Order started in
1865 in Missouri, " The Advance Guard op America " or " The
Grand Army of Progress," suggested the present title.
AVhen the ritual was finally deemed ready for printing, in order
that due secrecy might be secured, Governor Oglesby, who had
baen consulted, suggested that it should be printed in Decatur by
the proprietors of the Decatur Tribime, I. AV. Coltrin and Joseph
Prior, who, with their employees, had been in the military service.
After some correspondence with them on this subject. Captain
Phelps was sent to Decatur to supervise the printing of the Ritual,
first obligating Messrs. Coltrin and Prior and their compositors
to secrecy.
Captain Phelps, during his stay in Decatur, also called on a
number of his soldier friends, principally members of the 41st
Illinois Infantry, and sought their co-operation.
"While this work Avas under way, Dr. J. W. Routh, of Deca-
tur, who was intimately acquainted with Major Stephenson, went
to Springfield to make personal inquiries about the proposed or-
ganization, and he interested Captain M. F. Kanan in his mission.
Together they called upon Major Stephenson, and this visit re-
sulted in their determination to at once organize a Post in De-
catur.
On the return of Dr. Routh and Captain Kanan, but a short
time was required to secure signatures to an application for a
charter ; and, anxious to be the first to organize, they again Avent
36
Grand Army of the IIepuhlic
to Sprinf^fioltl to jn-esent the application in person and arrange
for the inusttT,
Ac'corilingly, ou the sixth day of April, 1866, Major Stephenson,
assisted by Captain Phelps, organized at Decatur the first Post of
the Grand Army of the Republic.
The Charter reads as follows :
Grand Army of the Republic,
Department of Illinois.
To all whom it may concern, greeting :
Know ye, that the Commander of the Department of Illinois,
reposing special trust and confidence in the patriotism and fidelity
of M. F. Kauau, G. E. Steele, Geo. H. Dunning, I. C. Pugh, J. H.
Nale, J. T. Bishop, C. Pteibsame, J. AV. Routh, B. F. Sibley, I. N.
Coltrin, Joseph Prior, and A. Toland, does, by the authority in
him vested, empower and constitute them Charter Members of an
Encampment of the Grand Army of the Piepublic, to be known as
Post 1, of Decatur, District of Macon, Department of Illinois,
and they are hereby constituted as said Post, and authorized to
make By-Laws for the government of said Post, and to do and
perform all acts necessary to conduct and carry on said organiza-
tion in accordance with the Constitution of the Grand Army of
the Republic.
DoiK' ;it S])ringfield, Illinois, this 6th day of April, 1866.
B. F. STEPHENSON,
Commander of Department.
RoiiKiiT ]\r. AVooDs, Adjulanf- General.
TIm iiiiiiutcs of the first meeting read as follows :
\ • all iiifoiiiial iiH'eting held April 6, 1866, for the purpose of
<»rgHiii/ing an J*2ncampment of the (irand Army of the Republic,
the following-named jx-rsons were miistered by Major Stephenson,
and constituted Charter IMembers : I. C. Pugh, Geo. R. Steele,
J. \V. Routh, Jos. Prior, J. H. Nale, J. T. Bishop, G. H. Dunning,
B. !•'. Sibley, M. V. Kanan, C. ]{eibsame, I. N. Coltrin, Aquilla
T«)hind ; whrn, u])(ni motion, the I^iiicampment entered into an
election of ollicers with the following result :
Group of Charter Members, Post 1.
Oeganization. 37
" Officers of the District — Brigadier-General I. C. Pugli,
Commandant District ; Lieutenant-Colonel J. H. Nale, District
Quarter-Master; Dr. J. W. Routh, Adjutant.
" Officers for the Post — M. F. Kanan, Post Commander ; G.
R. Steele, Post Adjutant ; G. H. Dunning, Post Quarter-Master ;
C. Eeibsame, Officer of the Day ; J. T. Bishop, Officer of the
Guard ; J. W. Routh, Post Surgeon ; all of whom were duly mus-
tered by Major Stephenson, who then declared the Encampment
duly organized and ready for the transaction of any and all busi-
ness which might come before it, and assigned to it the post of
HONOR as
" Decatur Encampment, No. 1.
" On motion, a committee of two was appointed to procure a
suitable room for the Encampment and report at the next regular
meeting. Captains Kanan and Dunning, Committee.
" On motion Tuesday was decided u]3on as the night for regu-
lar meetings.
" On motion adjourned to meet April 10, 1866.
"Signed, M. E. KANAN, P. C.
" G. R. Steele, P. J." ■
At the meeting on April 10th, N. G. Burns, Henry Gorman, N.
E. Winholtz, W. H. Andrews, and AY. H. B. Rowe, Avere mustered
in due form, and thus became the first recruits after the organiza-
tion of the Post.
The following is the military record of the charter members
of this Post :
records of charter members post no. one, DECATUR, ILLINOIS.
M. F. Kanan was born in the State of New York. Enlisted
at Decatur, Illinois, July 27, 1861, as First Lieutenant, Company
A, 41st Illinois Infantry, and served with his regiment in all of
Grant's campaigns in the West, among which were the capture of
Forts Heiman, Henry, and Donelson, Corinth, and Vicksburg,
being wounded at Donelson. He also participated in the battles
of " Shiloh," " Hatchie," and the charge of Colonel L C. Pugh's
Brigade at Jackson, Mississippi, on July 12, 1862, when more than
two-thirds of the entire Brigade were either killed or wounded.
He was promoted to be Captain for meritorious services at the
battle of Shiloh ; afterwards served on the staff of Major-General
M. M. Crocker, and was for a time assigned by Major-General Jas.
38 Grand Army of the Republic.
B. McPherson as Assistant Provost-Marslial of the 17th Army
Corps at Yieksburg, Mississippi.
He returued to his regiment in the Spring of 1864, and com-
manded the 41st Illinois Veteran Battalion in the campaign
against Atlanta. He resigned November 10, 1864, and was after-
ward employed in the Adjutant-General's Department at Spring-
field, Illinois, nntil the close of the war.
He is now (1888) serving his second term as Mayor of Decatur,
and is a member of Post No. 141, Department of Illinois.
Geo. E. Steele was born in Springfield, Ohio, September 12,
1836 ; moved to Illinois in December, 1856 ; enlisted as Second
Lieutenant, Company A, 41st Illinois Infantry, July 27, 1861, at
Decatur, and served in the campaign which resulted in the cap-
tiTre of Forts Henry, Heiman, and Donelson.
He served as Adjutant of his regiment during the battles of
Shiloh, the advance on Corinth, occupation of Memphis, Tennes-
see, and the battle of Hatchie. In November, 1862, was ajDpointed
Cajstain and Aide-de-camp, and assigned to duty on the staff of
Major-General James B. McPherson, commanding 17tli Army
Corps, and took an active part in all of the campaigns of that
Corps, including the marches, battles, and operations which re-
sulted in the capture of Vicksburg,
In March, 1864, he accompanied Major-General McPherson to
Huntsville, Alabama, Avhen that General was assigned to the com-
mand of the " Army of the Tennessee," and served on his staff dur-
ing the campaign against Atlanta, including the battle of Jnlj 22,
1864, where General McPherson was killed. By order of General
"\V. T. Sherman he accompanied the remains of General McPher-
son to their last resting-place at Clyde, Ohio.
He was afterwards assigned to dutj^ as Aide-de-camp to Major-
General Frank P. Ijlair, who succeeded to the command of the
17th Army Corps.
He served with General Blair on Sherman's March to the Sea,
the occupation of Savannah, Georgia, the campaign through the
Carolinas, and the occupation of Columbia, South Carolina, and
Raleigli, North Carolina, Brevetted Major, United States Yolun-
teers, Marcli 13, 1865 ; was present at the meeting of Generals
Sherman and J(jhnston, April 17, 1865, near Kalrigh, North Caro-
lina, wliere negotiations were hiul for the surrender of Johnston's
Army.
Organization. 39
He was present and took part in the organization of the
" Society of the Army of the Tennessee," in the State Capitol
building at Ealeigh, North Carolina, April 14, 1865. Participated
in the " Grand Eeview " at Washington, D. C, and after the mus-
ter-out of the troops of the 17th Army Corps, at Louisville, Ken-
tucky, was assigned to duty with General Blair at St. Louis,
Missouri, and was mustered-out of the military service November
22, 1865.
Has since resided at Decatur, Illinois, and is now (1888) Treas-
urer of Macon County, Illinois, an active Grand Army man, and
a charter member of Post No. 141, Department of Illinois.
Geo. H. Dunning entered the Army from Decatur, as Captain
Company A, 21st Illinois Infantry (Grant's Kegiment), May 17,
1861, serving until October 21, 1862, when, on account of ill health,
he resigned, and has since died.
Isaac C. Pugh was a veteran of the Black Hawk and Mexican
Wars.
He entered the three months service April 16, 1861, as Caj)tain
of Company A, 8th Illinois Infantry. At the expiration of this
term he returned to Decatur, Illinois, and organized the 41st Illi-
nois Infantry, which regiment served with the Army of the Ten-
nessee, being actively engaged in all the campaigns of that army.
He was mustered-out August 20th, 1864, and was brevetted
Brigadier-General of Volunteers, March 10, 1865. After his mus-
ter-out he served four years as Clerk of Macon County, Illinois,
and was appointed Postmaster at Decatur during Presidei^*. Grant's
administration. He died while holding that position.
John H. Nale entered the service July 27, 1861, as Captain
Company A, 41st Illinois Infantry, and was in active service with
his regiment during all its marches and engagements.
Promoted to be Major, April 8, 1862, Lieutenant-Colonel, De-
cember 26, 1862 ; mustered-out August 20, 1864.
When the last call was made for troops he re-snlisted as Cap-
tain Company K, 152d Illinois Infantry, and was mustered-out as
Major at the close of the war. He then located at Decatur, Illi-
nois, and afterward moved to Memphis, Tennessee, where he died
of yellow fever.
J. T. Bishop entered the service as First Lieutenant, Comj^a-
ny I, 116th Illinois Infantry, September 6, 1862 ; was promoted
40 Oh.vnd Army of the Republic.
to Captain April 'i;"), 1863 ; served iu the 15tli (Logan's) Corps ;
was in the eanipaifjju of Grant which resulted in the capture of
A'ickshurg ; with Sherman to Chattanooga, Tennessee, participating
in tlie battle of Missionary Ridge and the march to Knoxville to
the relief of ]Ju)-nside's command. Resigned March 30, 1864, and
returned to Decatur ; subsequently moved to the East, and is Sec-
retary of the Oil Companies at Bradford, Pennsylvania, and a
member of Post No. 141, Department of Pennsylvania.
Christian Riebsame, a native of Rhenish Bavaria, Germany,
enlisted as private in Company B, 116th Illinois Infantry, August
11, 1862 ; was promoted to Sergeant, then First Lieutenant, Jan-
uary, 1863, and Captain, January 28, 1864. His regiment was as-
signed to the 2d Division of the 15th (^Logan's) Corps, and partic-
ipated in all the battles and marches of that corps from Memphis,
in 1862, to Bentonville, North Carolina, 1865, including Yicksburg,
Chattanooga, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, Atlanta, July 22
and 28, 18(54, Sherman's March to the Sea, the Storming of Fort
McAllister, the Campaign through the Carolinas, and the Capture
of Columbia, South Carolina.
A\'as in the Grand Review at AYashington, D. C, and was mus-
tered-out June 7, 1865.
He retiirned to Decatur, and resided there until 1869, when he
moved to Bloomiugton, Illinois. He is very active in all matters
of interest to the comrades of the late war, is a life member of the
Society of the Army of the Tennessee, a pioneer of the North
American Turners-bund of St. Louis, and a member of Post No.
146, Bloomington, Department of Illinois.
J. W. RouTH enlisted as CorjDoral in Company A, 41st Illinois
Infantry, July 27, 1861, from Decatur, Illinois.
Served Avitli his company at the capture of Forts Heiman,
Henry, and Donelson ; was then promoted to Hospital Steward,
and served as such during his term of enlistment.
During the Yicksburg campaign, and after the capture of that
city, Comrade Routh served as Hospital SteAvard of a General
Field Hospital in charge of Dr. B. F. Stephenson ; they became
warm personal friends, and Dr. Routh was among the first to
wliom Dr. Stephenson confided his project for the organization
of a society of the soldiers and sailors of the war of the rebellion.
Dr. Routh was mustered-out with his regiment, August 10,
1864. He i)racticed UK^dicine iu Decatur for several years, then
removed to St. I'aiil, Aliunesota, whore he died in 1886.
Group of Ceiarter Members, Po3r 1.
Organization, 41
B. F. Sibley was a practicing physician in Decatur at the
time of the breaking out of the war ; enlisted in the 21st Illinois
Infantry, acting as Surgeon. Eesigned in the fall of 1862 on ac-
count of ill health ; returned to Decatur, where he now resides
and continues the practice of his profession.
Isaac N. Coltrin entered the service June 23, 1862, from Clin-
ton, Illinois, in Company E, 66th Illinois Infantry. During its
term of service this regiment was with the Army of Virginia and of
the Potomac. He was mustered-out in September, 1862, and then
settled at Decatur. He, with Joseph M, Prior, commenced the
publication of the Decatur Trihime. They printed the first ritual
for the Grand Army of the Republic. He still lives in Decatur,
and is a practical printer in the office of the Decatur Republican.
Joseph M. Prior entered the service as First Sergeant, Com-
pany E, 68th Illinois Infantry, May 30, 1862, from Clinton, Illi-
nois ; was mustered-out in September, 1862, settling in Decatur ;
joined I. N. Coltrin in the publication of the Decatur Tribune,
and assisted in printing the first ritual. He subsequently moved
to East St. Louis, Illinois, where he died.
Aquilla Toland enlisted as private. Company E, 17th Ohio
Infantry, in London, Ohio, at the first call for troops to serve
three months. He and a friend were the first to enrol their
names as volunteers in Madison County, Illinois. After the ex-
piration of his term of enlistment he re-enlisted in Company A,
118th Regular Ohio Infantry ; was promoted to be First Lieu-
tenant, and was much of the time in command of his company on
account of the physical disability of his captain.
After having been mustered-out of the service, he returned to
London, Ohio ; subsequently moved to Decatur ; took an active
part in the organization of Post One, and always contributed
financially to the relief of soldiers in distress. Purchasing a
farm some 12 or 15 miles northwest from Decatur, he engaged
in agricultural pursuits until his death in 1878.
THE RITUAL.
In preparing the ritual, Major Stephenson evidently thought
that all his ideas in relation to the objects to be accomplished by
the organization should be fully elaborated. He had added sug-
42
Grand Army of the Eepublic,
gestions of others until the ritual became exceedingly lengthy ;
the commander's charge alone contained nearly two thousand
words, equal to four of these pages. Prior to the organization of
the Decatur Post, on the request of Major Stephenson, a commit-
tee, consisting of Dr. Eouth, M. F. Kanan, J. T. Bishop, George
R. Steele and G. H. Dunning, read over the MSS. of the ritual, to
suggest amendments, but on April 18, 1866, Major Stephenson
asrain referred to the matter as follows :
o
Oeganization. 43
This letter was read to the Post, and comrades Bishop, Dun-
ning, Mory, Sibley and Glass were constituted a committee to
comply with the request. Comrades Dunning, Nale and Steele
were appointed a committee to draft regulations (by-laws) for the
Post. Up to this date no constitution had been drafted, though
the general plans had been discussed.
On April 29, Major Stephenson again wrote Captain Kanan,
urging him either to send immediately, or personally take a co'pj
of the constitution and ritual to Springfield " for comparison with
a draft being made " there, that they might "cull and select the
best of both."
The minutes of May 9 note a report from the committee that
" the regulations and ritual had been presented to Department
Headquarters and accepted." The original ritual had been re-
vised, as one of the committee has since stated, by the free use of
paste and scissors — cutting out nearly one-half of the commander's
charge.
CONSTITUTION.
The constitution thus agreed upon was printed in Springfield,
and copies sent to the Decatur Post on May 15, followed shortly
after by copies of the revised ritual.
The plan of organization j)rovided for —
Isl — Precinct Organizations, to be known as Post No.
(name of city, town, township, ward, or precinct). The oflicers to
be Post Commander, Adjutant, and Quartermaster (presumably by
election), and " an Officer of the Day and such other officers as
may be necessary for the transaction of business, to be detailed by
the commanding officer."
2d — County Organizations, to be known as District of (name
of county), with a District Commander, an Assistant Adjutant
General and District Quartermaster.
3d — State Organizations, to be known as Department of
(name of State). Officers — Dej)artmeut Commander, Adjutant-
General, Assistant Adjutant-General and Quartermaster-General.
4th — The National Organization, to be known as " The
Grand Army of the Republic." The officers to be a Command-
ing Officer, Adjutant-General and Quartermaster-General.
In the constitution jDrinted in May, the letters U. S. A. are not
appended to the title, but were used in signatures to documents at
44 Grand Aumy of the Eepublic.
that time aud later, making' the title read " Grand Army of the
RepuMic, V. S. A."
REPRESENTATION.
Posts Avere to have no direct representation in the Department
Encampment. The County or District Organization Avas to be
composed of one delegate for every ten members of the Grand
Army of the District. The District Organization had general
supervision of Posts, and the establishment of new Posts. Each
District was entitled to one delegate in the Department Organiza-
tion, Avhich was to meet once in each year.
The 'National Organization was to be composed of two dele-
gates from each Department. The constitution, as amended by
the convention at Springfield, July 12, 1866, made no change in
the mode or ratio of representation as above given, but provided
for additional officers, as follows :
In the National Organization, an Assistant Commanding Offi-
cer, Surgeon-General and Chaplain. In Departments, an Assist-
ant Dejoartment Commander, Surgeon-General and Chaplain. In
Posts, an Assistant Post Commander, Post Surgeon, Post Chap-
lain, Officer of the Day and Officer of the Guard. Officers of
Posts were to be elected annually at the last meeting in December.
The Declaration of Principles in the Constitution, written by
Adjutant-General Robert M. Woods, read as follows :
Constitution of the Grand Army of the Republic.
ARTICLE 1.
Declakation of Pkinciples.
Section!. The soldiers of the Volunteer Army of the United States, during the
Rebellion of 1861-5, actuated by the impulses and convictions of patriotism and of
eternal right, and combined in the strong bands of fellowship and unity by the toils,
the dangers, and the victories of a long and vigorously waged war, feel themselves
called upon to declare, in definite form of words and in determined co-operative
action, those jirinciples and rules which should guide the earnest patriot, the en-
lightened freeman, and the christian citizen in his course of action; and to agree
upon thos<' plans and laws which should govern them in a united and systematic
working method with which, in some measure, shall be effected the preservation of
the graml results of the war, the fruits of their labor and toil, so as to benefit the de-
serving and worthy.
i'vr. 2. The results which are designed to be accomplished by this organization are
as follows:
Organization. 45
1st. The preservation of those kind and fraternal feelings which have bound to-
gether, with the strong cords of love and affection, the comrades in arms of many
battles, sieges and marches.
2d. To make these ties available in works and results of kindness, of favor and
material aid to those in need of assistance.
3d. To make prevision, where it is not already done, for the support, care and
education of soldiers' orphans, and for the maintenance of the widows of deceased
soldiers.
4th. For the protection and assistance of disabled soldiers, whether disabled by
wounds, sickness, old age or misfortune
5th. For the establishment and defense of the late soldiery of the United States,
morally, socially and politically, with a view to inculcate a proper appreciation of
their services to the country, and to a recognition of such services and claims by the
American people.
To this section the National Encampment, in Philadelphia,
January, 1868, added : But this Association does not design to
make nominations for office or to use its influence as a secret or-
ganization for partisan purposes.
The Indianapolis Convention added the word " sailors " where
omitted in the Springfield Constitution, and also added a new
section, from the Constitution of the " Loyal Legion," as follows :
6th. The maintenance of true allegiance to tlie United States of America, based
upon paramount respect for, and fidelity to, the national constitution and laws, mani-
fested by the discountenancing of whatever may tend to weaken loyalty, incite to
insurrection, treason or rebellion, or in any manner impairs the eflficiency and per-
manency of our free institutions, together with a defense of universal liberty, equal
rights and justice to all men.
Changes were made in the titles of a number of officers as
Grand Commander for Department Commander, and Senior and
Junior Vice Post Commanders for Assistant Post Commanders.
In May, 1869, the present form of Kules and Regulations was
adopted.
Although a number of veterans had been obligated at the se-
cret conferences held in Springfield, Post 2 had not been formally
organized, owing to fears expressed by Major Stephenson that
other parties, who were not friendly to himself, would endeavor to
secure control of the organization.
No records have been preserved of the preliminary meetings of
Post No. 2, but the minutes of July 10, 1866, refer to action taken
at previous meetings without specifying the dates when they were
4() Grand Army of the Republic.
held. General Webber recorded tlie date of organization in
April. The charter members Avere, as appears by the minutes,
General T. S. Mather, E. S. Johnson, General John Cook,
Colonel George T. Allen, Major B. F. Stephenson, Colonel John
M. Snyder, Lieutenant-Colonel J. M. Green, Major Eobert Allen,
Major J. W. Bice, Major William T. Prescott, Major Eobert
^r. AVoods, Captain J. S. Burke, Captain G. S. Dana, Cap-
tain P. W. Harts, Captain O. S. Webster, Major Alfred A.
North, Captain John A. Lightfoot, Captain L. W. Shepherd,
Lieutenant William E. Fitzhugh, Lieutenant L. W. Rosette,
Surgeon M. T. Hutson, E. H. Errickson, Hatch, L. M.
Philips, Cajjtain George R. Webber, John C. Sj^riggs, Norman
B. Ames.
General T. S. Mather was elected Post Commander; E. S. John-
son, Adjutant ; W. E. Fitzhugh, Officer of the Day ; William T.
Prescott, Quartermaster,
Delegates to State Conyention — John Cook, John M. King,
Alfred A. North, H. Vanmeter, M. J. Green, AV. T. Prescott, I. N.
Haynie, E. S. Johnson, J. W. Bice, L. W. Shepherd, T. S. Mather,
George T. Allen, S. M. Shoup, Robert Allen, John McConnell.
Alternates— J. V. Redenburg, H. M. Alden, G. S. Dana, L. W.
Rosette, P. W. Harts, J. S. Burke, Bennett, P. H. Able,
James Irwin, O. S. Webster.
Dr. George T. Allen, of this Post, had taken a yery actiye
interest in the establishment of a Soldiers' Orphans' Home, and
in 1865 issued a very strong appeal to the Ladies' Aid Organiza-
tion of the State for the funds required for this object.
A yery pleasant episode in the history of Post 2 occurred in'
Noyember, 1866, when the members, accompanied by a number of
friends, called upon Dr. Stephenson at his office and presented
him with a l)eautifiil gold-headed cane, inscribed :
" From the sons of the G. A. B. fo the father, B. F. Stephenson,
November, 1866."
Captain W. E. Fitzhugh made the presentation speech on be-
half of the donors.
Dr. Stephenson responded as follows :
My comkades, my neighbors and my fellow citizens:— I ucjcI not say to
you that 1 am exceedingly grateful for this beautiful j^rcsent, valuable as it is of itself
but ten thousand times more so on areonnt of its donors. I do not receive it as a tes-
timonial to my supposed merits, but as an acknowledgment of yowr respect for and
Organization. 47
appreciation of the G. A. R., which I had the distinguished honor to originate and of
which I am for the present the acknowledged head. As such I receive it, and as
such I will ever treasui'e it. It is more esteemed and appreciated by me on account
of its timely presentation, receiving it as a token of your esteem and regard for our
benevolent Order, just as I have descended the hill of life, crossed its summit, and
commenced the slippery and treacherous descent of the last declivity, that which
leads us on the brink of the narrow tomb. In making this last descent of life there
is nothing so faithful and constantly the support of an old man as his staff. Friends
and relations may forsake him, but his staff is always by his side. This shall be my
stay the remainder of my days, let them be many or few, let them bs dark and dreary
or light and joyous, and when I bid you a lasting farewell and commit my little ones
to the kind consideration of you, my comrades of the Gr. A. R., this testimonial shall
be my last will and testament bequeathed to my issue as a rich legacy; and in after
years, my comrades, when I look back on this present moment this will remind me of
your many deeds of valor, of the bloody fields won by your prowess. I shall hear
the roar of your deadly artillery, the terrible crash and rattle of your muskets, the
ringing and clashing of your sabres when you crossed them with those of the enemy,
and I shall again see the many fields covered with the dead and wounded of our
comrades, the ground made red with their hearts' blood, and hear the faint cry for
water to .sustain the fast ebbing life stream.
The many sacred messages whispered in my ear, fit only to be conveyed by angels,
too sacred for my mortal ears, by my dying comrades, will be remembered.
It will also remind me of the groan of the gray-headed sire on learning the sad
news, the indescribable look of despair of the widow on learning that her last prop
was taken from her. In it the shriek of the newly made bride, and the suppressed
anguish of the betrothed maiden, and also of the piteous wail of the bereaved
mother as with quivering lips she imparted the sad news to the little ones that are
fatherless and perhaps homeless.
But my comrades, it shall also remind me that we have not forgotten our dead
comrades. That by our glorious Order, whose ranks are as firm as the wood of
life that composes its stem, and whose principles are as pure as the gold that en-
circles its head, the pathway of the old gray-headed sire is smoothed to his grave.
The lone widow is comforted and sustained, the orphans are fed, clothed and
educated; society is compelled to give them a home alike comfortable and respecta-
ble. Traitors are made to hide their deformed heads and no man dare to lift up hand
and voice against this country. May this organization last as long as there is a Union
soldier in the United States and as long as the fibres of this wood hold together.
B. F. STEPHENSON,
Benjamin Franklin Stephenson, tlie founder of the Grand
Army of the Bepublic, was born in Wayne county, Illinois, Octo-
ber 30, 1822.
In 1825 his parents removed to Sangamon county, where he
grew to manhood, strong in body, but with meagre opportunities
for obtaining an education. He was unable to follow the bent of
his inclination, which was to study medicine, until after he had
attained his majority.
48 Grand Army of the PiKPURLir.
His first course of study Avas Avith his brother, Dr. William
Stepheusoii, at Mount Pleasant, Iowa. He afterwards attended
lectures at Columbus, Ohio, and graduated in the class of 1849-'50
from the Rush Medical College, Chicago. He commenced the
practice of his profession at Petersburg, Illinois, and on March
30, 1855, was married in Springfield to Barbara B. Moore.
Upon the organization of the 14th Illinois Infantry, May 25,
1861, Dr. Stephenson Avas elected Surgeon by the officers and en-
listed men of the regiment, voting under the laAvs of Illinois, but
he Avas not commissioned, and Dr. G. T. Allen, oi Alton, A\'as mus-
tered in that position.
Dr. Allen Avas afterAvard promoted to be Brigade-Surgeon, and
the vacancy Avas filled by the appointment of Dr. Stephenson, avIio
was mustered in at Pittsburg Landing, April 7, 1862.
Dr. Stephenson served Avith the regiment in its arduous cam-
paigns until June 24, 1864, Avlien the three years term of the
regiment expired, and he Avas mustered out. The regiment Avas at
that time re-organized by A-eteran re-enlistment under Colonel
Cyrus Hall, avIio had succeeded Colonel Palmer upon the promo-
tion of the latter to Brigadier-General.
Dr. Stephenson returned to Springfield, Avhere a Avarm personal
friend, the Hon. Jesse K. Dubois, secured him an interest in the
firm of D. K. Gold & Co., druggists.
He remained one year Avitli this firm, and then formed a part-
nership) Avith Dr. Allen, above referred to, and Dr. James Hamil-
ton. This connection Avas dissolved ujjon the appointment of Dr.
Allen as United States Consul to Moscoav by President Grant.
Dr. Stephenson became for a time a popular and successful
practitioner. With his opportunities he should have soon se-
cured a lucrative practice, but he lacked that tenacity of purpose
and thorough devotion to his profession so necessary to success,
and Avas inclined to put off duties and responsibilities that Avere
in any Avay unpleasant. He Avas but a poor manager in financial
affairs, ahvays feeling rich Avith a feAV dollars in hand, and evi-
dently caring little Avhen he had none. He had formed many
strong friendships, and friends tried often to impress upon him
the necessity of his being more careful and methodical, but he
preferred letting the morroAV care for itself.
Xo matter Avliat troubles assailed him his fund of good nature
Avas unfailing, and to the last he was ahvays sanguine of great re-
sults from some projected enter])rise.
Organization. 49
He was easily moved by tales of distress, and freely gave to the
poor his own services and orders for medicines without thought
of recompense.
When, after months of consideration, the Grand Army was ac-
tually organized, its work became uppermost in his thoughts and
influenced all his actions. His professional jDractice became,
more than ever, a secondary consideration, and this seriously af-
fected his usefulness as a physician, without, in the end, bringing
him any substantial returns for sacrifices made or the attendant
discomforts of himself and his family.
And then, after trials which perhajDs another man more cold-
blooded or les^ sanguine than himself could have better borne, it
was to him a grievous disappointment when the representatives
of the Grand Army, assembled at Sjjringfield to form a Depart-
ment organization, selected another for the highest honors of
the Order he had founded. A similar disappointment awaited
him at Indianapolis, when the National Encampment was formed,
and though Major Stephenson then accepted a subordinate po-
sition, as Adjutant-General, he felt until his death that he had
been slighted by his comrades in these instances.
He was yet to meet another and more bitter disappointment,
for in the closing years of his life, through troubles of mind and
illness of body that unfitted him for the delicate duties of his
profession, it seemed as though his labors and those of his col-
leagues were fruitless, as the " Grand Army " had practically
disappeared from public vieAV in the west. In his own State,
though the Department maintained a nominal existence, there
was hardly a Post in active operation ; in neighboring States
they were entirely dead ; and, while Department organizations
were maintained in tlie east, even there Posts had disbanded l)y
the score.
He had dreamed of a grand organization of veterans, moving
en masse, a potent influence in moulding and fostering public sen-
timent in favor of those who had " borne the battle; " that should
secure recognition of their services in places of honor and j)rofit;
and, while preserving and strengthening the bonds of comrade-
ship, should be a help to all who had followed the flag, and to the
widows and orphans of the dead, who needed a helping hand and
sympathizing friend.
Years were to pass before the Grand Army of the Eepublic
should reach a position in any degree fulfilling the fondly cher-
4
50 Gkand Army of the Republic.
isheil belief of its fouuder — years that were to test the faith and
coustaucy of the few, ami show the weakness of the many who had
failed to comprehend the principles of the Order, and measured
these only by personal desires or as means for their own ad-
vancement.
After years of unrequited toil, disabled and discouraged, Dr.
Stephenson removed his family from Springfield to the old home
at Petersburg. He died at Rock Creek, Menard county, Illinois,
August 30, 1871, in his 49th year.
He was buried in the cemetery at Rock Creek, and his remains
there rested until August 29, 1882, when they were removed to
Petersburg, and interred in the Soldiers Plot of Rose Hill Ceme-
tery, on the banks of the Sangamon river, one mile east of Peters-
burg.
The solemn services of re-interment were conducted by Estill
Post No. 71, G. A. R., of Petersburg ; the Avidow, a sou and two
daughters being present.
The procession was under the charge of Colonel Cornelius
Rourke, Marshal.
The pall-bearers were John J. Baker, Thomas Kearns, P. S.
Scott, Joseph Deerwester, J. W. Biggs, and Richard Goodsell.
The services over the grave were in accordance with the Grand
Army Ritual.
After the coffin had l)een lowered into the grave the Reverend
Francis Springer, Chaplain, pronouncetl the following :
•' To unother of our coiiii)anions in the journey of earthly existence is the work of
life done; tlie march has been made, the journey is ended and the irrave now holds
the form of a comrade whom on earth we shall not see again.
" We cherish the memory and honor the name of our departed brother, B. F.
Stephenson, because ho was worthy as a countryman, neighbor and friend. But to-
day we call to mind, also, the position and service of our departed brother as one
of the great family of patriotic citizens who periled property and life in the cause
of our dorious country.
• This .service of re bm'ial is coniiucted in the name of the Grand Army of the
Hepulilic, one purpose of whose organization is to peri)etuate the recollection, and
wid<n llie .sphere of intluence, which justlj- Ijelong to that achievement whereby the
United States of America has once more demonstrated the necessity of national
unity, and the .superiority of our democratic reimblic over every other form of gov-
eiTimenl known to earth. America is the home of a new impulse to the world's
civilization upon tin- basis of e(|ualily, christian fralernity and rational liberty, regu-
lated by law emanating from the people. Our comrade bore a part in that grand
movement"
Okganization. 51
Judge James A. Matheny, of Springfield, spoke as follows :
" I am here to-day with the single purpose of laying a sprig of ' Immortelle '
upon the grave of our departed comrade. He was the companion of my youth, the
friend of my manhood. Together we commenced to climb life's upward pathway,
but ere we reached the summit, he, wearying of the burden, laid himself down to
rest.
" As we buried our comrade, the grave covered more than his pulseless form —
glad hopes that made bright the future — grand thoughts that would have left their
impress on the minds of men — great piirposes to be achieved — a lofty ambition to
be realized ; these, all these we buried with him.
" The world is full of overestimated men. The graveyard is peopled with un-
der-estimated men. It was the misfortune of our comrade to be numbered with the
latter. Thousands intinitely his inferior have written their names in imperishable
characters on the pages of our country's history. Struggle as he did, and labor as he
might, no compensating reward ever came. When abundant success seemed as-
sured, and he stretched forth his hand to seize the coveted fruit, he grasped only
' Dead Sea apples ' of ashes and bitterness.
" Success in life is one of earth's strangest mysteries. To some it comes un-
heralded and unsought for, and in too many instances undeserved. Others labor for
it and labor ever in vain, dying with every aspiration unsatisfied, and every reasona-
ble hope unfulfilled. So died our comrade,
" It was an expressive saying of the ancients that ' Justice traveled with leaden
wings,' meaning that though delayed, its coming was inevitable and sure. I have
faith to believe that ample justice will yet be done to our departed comrade, that his
memory will be rescued from the darkness fast closing around it, and his name record
ed, where it should be, on the scroll of fame.
" Some one has said that he would niuch rather that posterity should ask why
they did not raise a monument to his memory than to ask why they did.
" I do not know that any marble shaft will ever tower aloft over the spot where
sleeps our comrade and friend, but I do know that he built for himself a monu-
ment more glorious than marble or granite, and yet that unrelenting fate that ever
pursued him, robbing him of well nigh all that was justly his due, is still at its re-
lentless work. The thousands who annually meet at the reunions of the Grand
Army of the Republic give no thought to the heart that nuri^ured and to the brain
that conceived the grand idea of a Brotherhood of Soldiers.
" When this thought first came to our comrade his whole soul was filled with the
grand conception. Without rest or weariness his every energy was devoted to the
accomplishment of the grand design. With a patriotic inspiration he saw clearly the
great good to be attained. He felt that he was erecting an altar upon which the fire
of love for the whole union would burn and burn forever. He saw with prophetic
vision the Star Spangled Banner of a nation— not a confederation of discordant
States, but a nation's banner— unfurled to the breeze, and with fancy's ear he heard
the tramp, tramp of the million soldiers of the Grand Army as they gathered beneath
it to shield and defend it from every harm.
" My friends, how well he read the future ! His glad anticipations are more than
realized. The camp fires of the Grand Army are burning from ocean to ocean.
Thousands and tens of thousands of his brotherhood of soldiers meet nightly in fra-
ternal greetings. The banner that he so loved is floating stainless and pure in God's
bright sunshine, never again to be soiled and torn by traitorous hands.
" Though not here to witness it, the grand dream of bis life has assumed the pro-
52 Grand Akmy of the IiEpublic.
portions of a bridit reality. The note that ho struck, single handed and alone, has
swelled into a glorious anthem. The light that he kindled is illuminating an entire
land, and at the last is tliugiug its radiance over the consecrated spot where our com
rade reposes all unconscious (hat his hour of triumph has come.
" The law of compensation pervades all nature. A new thought proclaimed, a
good deed done, or a heroic act performed, will sooner or later meet its proper reward.
It may tarry long. It may linger in its coming, but come it will, with unfailing cer-
tainty.
" In obedience to that law, we have come, even at this late day, to do honor to our
departed comrade. And friends, let it not stop here. Let us by some fitting testi-
monial proclaim to all coming time our appreciation of the grand work accomplished
by our departed friend and companion. Let us —
" ' Seek no further his merits to disclose,
Nor draw his frailties from their dread abode.
There they alike in trembling hope repose.
The bosom of his Father and his God.' "
First Grand Army Staff Officers.
CHAPTER IV.
THE SPRINGFIELD CONVENTION.
Prior to the formal institution of Post No. 2, at Springfield,
a Department staff liad been agreed upon to prosecute the work
of organizing Posts, and this was announced as follows :
General Orders ) Headquarters Department of Illinois,
No. 1. ) Grand Army op the Republic.
Adjutant-General's Office, .
Springfield, Illinois, April 1st, 1 866. J
The following named officers are hereby announced on duty at these head-
quarters :
Colonel Jules C. Webber, Aid-deCamp and Chief of Staff.
Major Robert M. Woods, Adjutant-Geiural.
Colonel John M. Snyder, Quartermaster-Qeneral.
Lieutenant John S. Phelps, Aid-de-Camp.
Captain John A. Lightfoot, Assistant Adjutant-Oejieral.
By order of
B. F STEPHENSON,
Commanding Department.
ROBERT M. WOODS,
Adjutant-General.
General Jules C. Webber, Chief of Staff, enlisted August 18,
1861, as Eegimental Quartermaster, 18th Illinois Yolunteers.
Promoted to be Captain and Aid-de-camp, and served on the staff
of Major-General Steele. Promoted to be Lieutenant-Colonel and,
afterwards Colonel, 18th Illinois, on veteran re-organization.
Mustered out December 18, 1865. Brevet Brigadier-General,
March 27, 1865. Died in Vicksburgh, Mississippi, 1871.
Major Robert M. Woods, Adjutant-General, served during the
early part of the war in the Quartermaster-General's office,
Springfield, Illinois, and also under Governor Richard Yates. On
June 27, 1864, was commissioned Adjutant 64th Illinois (Yates'
Sharp-shooters). Participated in the Atlanta Campaign, the
March to the Sea, and the Campaign in the Carolinas, and was
[53]
54 Grand Army of the Repubtjc.
present at the organization of the Society of the Army of the
Tennessee, at Raleigh, North Carolina, April, 1865. Promoted
Captain Company A, July 13, 1805. Brevetted Major, United
States Volunteers, March 13, 1865. He is now publisher of the
Joliet, Illinois, Republic and Sun.
John M. Snyder, Quartermaster-General, was Quartermaster
6th Illinois Cavalry, September 1, 1861, until July 1, 1862, serving
part of the time as Brigade Quartermaster. On muster-out he
returned to Jacksonville, and enlisted in the 101st Illinois Infan-
try, of w^liich he was appointed Quartermaster. In March, 1863,
he was directed to report to Governor Yates, at Springfield, and
was appointed Aid-de-camjD, with rank of Major, and in March,
1864, was promoted Colonel. He assisted in the work of organiz-
ing Illinois troops, and also visited United States hospitals to se-
cure the transfer of all Illinois soldiers therein to hospitals in
their own State or to their homes on furlough. In 1865 he was
appointed Military Secretary to Governor Oglesby, and in this
position aided largely in organizing the Grand Army of the Re-
public, He now resides at Canton, Illinois.
John A. Lightfoot, Assistant Adjutant-General, entered the
service as Captain, Company A, 101st Illinois Infantry, January
1, 1862; was taken prisoner at Holly Springs, Mississippi, Decem-
ber 20, 1862; was compelled to resign by reason of ill health in
April, 1864. He has since died.
John S. Phelps, Aid-de-Camp. (See page 35.)
With the possible exception of Captain Lightfoot, these officers
had all received valuable experience in resi^onsible statf jjositions
in the army, and were thoroughly qualified for the duties devolv-
ing upon them.
Assignments were made for official visits to diff'erent local-
ities in the State to secure the co-operation and assistance of
influential veterans who could organize Posts.
The work proceeded very slowly at first, as soldiers generally
were doubtful of the result of the project ; but ])ri()r to July 12,
the dato fixod for the assoinbling of a State Convention to form
the Dt^partinent of Illinois, thirty-nine Posts had been char-
tered.
The Springfield Convention. 55
THE SPRINGFIELD CONVENTION.
The Constitution prescribed that State organizations should
be composed of one Delegate from each District in the Depart-
ment.
It was not deemed judicious to organize the Department of Il-
linois on this basis, and therefore a Call for a General Convention
was issued over the names of prominent veterans, to better secure
the presence of a large number, who could then be thoroughly in-
formed as to the objects of the Order, and instructed in its work,
and thus become more directly interested in the formation of
Posts.
Posts then organized or under way were duly notified, and the
newspapers of the State gave wide publicity to the proposed
Convention, thus attracting the general attention desired.
The Call read as follows :
Spkingfield, Illinois, June 26, 1866.
A CONVENTION
Of the members of the Geand Army of the Republic, and Illinois soldiers and
sailors, will be held in the hall of the House of Representatives at Springfield, Illi-
nois, on Thursday, July 12, 1&66.
The business to be transacted at this meeting is of the highest importance to all
honorably discharged soldiers and sailors.
Delegates are expected from every Post in the State.
As many of our soldiers have not had an opportunity to join our Army, they will
be mustered in on that occasion.
The soldiers of the State of Illinois who desire to assist in the care of the families
of their fallen comrades, of the disabled and unfortunate, who would assist each other
by acts of friendship and of charity, and who wish to establish and maintain the
rights of the volunteer soldiery of the late war, morally, socially and politically, are
requested to meet with us.
The names appended to this call have been here arranged in
alphabetical order, with the military records, as far as it was pos-
sible to obtain them, added.
Allen, George T. — Surgeon 14th Illinois, April 28, 1861; pro-
moted Lieutenant-Colonel and Medical Inspector, June 14, 1862 ;
mustered-out October 31, 1865.
Armstrong, William J.
Beveridge, John L.— Major 8th Illinois Cavalry, September
18, 1861, to November 2, 1863; Colonel 17th Illinois Cavalry, Jan-
56 Grand Army of the Republic.
uary 28, 1864; Brevet Brigadier-General, March 7, 1865; mustered-
out February 8tli, 1866. Has since been Sheriff of Cook county,
Illinois, State Senator, Member of Congress, Lieutenant-Governor,
Governor, 1873-1877; Assistant Treasurer United States, at Chi-
cago ; now member of John A. Logan Post, Evanston, Illinois.
BiRNEY, AViLLiAM — Colouel United States Colored Troops ;
Brigadier-General, May 22, 1863 ; Brevet Major-General, March
13, 1865; mustered-out August 24, 1865.
Brush, Daniel H. — Enlisted April 26, 1861 ; elected Captain
18th Illinois Infantry, May 6, 1861; promoted Major, Lieutenant-
Colonel and Colonel ; badly wounded at Shiloli ; resigned on ac-
count of wounds, August 21, 1863 ; brevetted Brigadier-General,
March 13, 1865.
Beardsley, James M. — Lieutenant, Company D, 13th Illinois
Infantry, May 18, 1861; Captain, August, 1861; Major, November
27, 1863; mustered-out June 18, 1864.
Blades, Franklin — Surgeon 76th Illinois Infantry, August 22,
1862 ; mustered-out March 31, 1864.
Bloomfield, Ira J. — First Sergeant, Company C, 33d Illinois
Infantr}^ August 15, 1861 ; Captain 26th Illinois Infantry, Janu-
ary 13, 1862 ; promoted Lieutenant-Colonel and Colonel ; Brevet
Brigadier-General, May, 1865 ; mustered-out July 20, 1865.
Carnahan, Robert H. — Captain, Company K, 3d Illinois Cav-
alry, September 21, 1861 ; promoted Lieutenant-Colonel and
Colonel ; mustered-out October 10, 1865 ; brevetted Brigadier-
General, October 28, 1865.
Cook, John. (For Portrait and Biography, see pages 64-66.)
DoRNBLASER, BENJAMIN — Adjutant 46th Illinois Infantry, Octo-
ber 11, 1861; Major, February 8, 1862; Colonel, October 11, 1862 ;
Brevet Brigadier-General, February 20, 1865 ; Brevet Major-Gen-
eral, March 13, 1865; mustered-out January 20, 1866.
Day, Henry M. — Colonel 91st Illinois Infantry, September 8,
1862 ; Brevet Brigadier-General, March 13, 1865 ; mustered-out
July 12, 1865.
Davis, Hasbrouck — Lieutenant-Colonel 12th Illinois Cavalry,
February 1, 1862 ; Colonel, August 11, 1863 ; Brevet Brigadier-
General, March 13, 1865.
Davis, H. W.— Surgeon 18th Illinois Infantry, July 24, 1861 ;
mustered-out June 11, 1864.
Edwards, A. W. — Private, Coin])any I, 122d Illinois Infantry,
August 4, 1862; Major 1st Loyal Alabama Cavalry, 1st Division,
The Springfield Convention. 67
4th Corps, Army of the Tennessee; mustered-out November, 1865.
In 1888, Mayor of Fargo, Dakota.
Fabrique, a. H. — Major 53d Indiana.
Gray, E. H. — Enlisted in Company F, 33d Illinois Infantry,
August 1st, 1861 ; successively promoted to Sergeant, Second
Lieutenant, First Lieutenant, Captain and Major ; mustered-out
November 24, 1865.
Goodwin, John W. — First Lieutenant, Company B, 20th Illi-
nois Infantry; Major, May 14, 1861; promoted to 2d United States
Artillery.
Garvin, P.
Hall, Cyrus — Captain 14th Illinois Infantry, April 22, 1861 ;
Major 7th Illinois Cavalry, September 21, 1861 ; Lieutenant-
Colonel 14th Illinois Infantry, February 1, 1862 ; Colonel 14th
Illinois Infantry, October 21, 1864 ; Colonel 14th Illinois, on re-
organization, March 13, 1865 ; Brevet Brigadier-General, March
13, 1865 ; mustered-out September 6, 1865. Died September 6,
1878.
Haynie, Isham N. — Colonel 48th Illinois Infantry, August 18,
1861; Brigadier-General Volunteers, November 29, 1862: Adjutant-
General of Illinois, March 1, 1865.
Haughawalt, F. S.
Kennard, George W. — Second Lieutenant, Company A, 20th
Illinois Infantry, April 2, 1861; First Lieutenant and Captain
Company I ; mustered-out January 9, 1865. Now Judge, Cham-
paign county, Illinois.
Logan, John — Colonel 32d Illinois Infantry, August 16, 1861 ;
wounded at Shiloh, April 6, 1862; discharged for wounds, Decem-
ber 30, 1864.
Lippincott, Charles E. — Captain, Company K, 33d Illinois
Infantry, September 18, 1861; Lieutenant-Colonel, March 1, 1862;
Colonel, September 17, 1863; Brevet Brigadier-General, February
17, 1865; mustered-out September 10, 1865. Eight years Auditor
of Public Accounts, Illinoic. Died while serving as Superinten-
dent at Soldiers Home, Quincy, Illinois.
Mather, Thomas S.^ — Adjutant-General, Illinois, 1858, until
November 11, 1861; Colonel 2d Eegiment, Light Artillery, Feb-
ruary 2, 1862 ; Brevet Brigadier-General, September 28, 1865 ;
mustered-out August 17, 1865.
MuNN, Daniel W. — First Lieutenant and Adjutant, 126tli Illi-
nois Infantry, September 4, 1862, to June 19, 1863.
58 Graxd Army of the Republic.
Mitchell, Greenville M. — Captain, Company C, 1st Illinois
Ciiviilrv, July 15), 1S()1; Lienteuant-Colouel 54th Illinois Infantry,
October 10, ISOl; Colonel, December 10, 18()2 ; Brevet Brigadier-
General, August 22, 1865 ; mustered-out October 15, 1865. Now
Warden Southern Illinois Penitentiary, Chester, Illinois.
OsBORN, Thomas O.^ — Lieutenant-Colonel 39th Illinois Infan-
try, July 22, 1861 ; Brevet Brigadier-General, March 10, 1865 ;
Brigadier-General, May 1, 1865 ; Brevet Major-General, April 2,
18()5 ; resigned September 28, 1865. Afterward Minister to Ar-
gentine Republic.
Palmer, John M. (For Portrait and Biography, see page 65.)
Pearson, Robert N. — Private, Commissary-Sergeant, Adjutant
Major, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Colonel, 31st Illinois Infantry,
serving from September 18, 1861, to July 10, 1865 ; Brevet Briga-
dier-General, March 13, 1865.
PuGH, Isaac C— Colonel 41st Illinois Infantry, July 27", 1861;
mustered-out August 20, 1864 ; Brevet Brigadier-General, March
10, 1865.
Plummer, Samuel C. — Surgeon 13th Illinois Infantry, May 24,
1861; mustered-out June 18, 1864.
RuTLEDGE, Rev. William J. (For Portrait and Biography, see
page 33.)
Rinaker, John I. — Colonel 122d Illinois Infantry, September
4, 1862 ; Brevet Brigadier-General, March 13, 1865 ; mustered-out
July 15, 1865. Now Chairman Board of Railroad and Warehouse
Commissioners, State of Illinois. ^
Reynolds, Joseph S. (For Portrait and Biograj)liy, see Chap-
ter XIV, Senior Vice Commander-in-Chief.)
Roe, Edwapd R. — Major 33d Illinois Infantry, August 15, 1861;
Lieutenant-Colonel, September 5, 1862 ; resigned May 20, 1863, on
f.3count of wounds received at Vicksburg, May 22, 1863.
ScHMiTT, William A. — Captain 27tli Illinois Infantry, August
21, I8f)l ; Major, Lieutenant-Colonel and Colonel ; three years
service ; mustered-out July 4, 1865 ; Brevet Brigadier-General,
March 10, 1865, He was instrumental in organizing the Depart-
ment of Maine. (See Maine.)
Smith, Giles A. — Captain and Colonel 8th Missouri Infan-
try ; Brigjulier-General, commanding 4th Division, 17tli Army
Corps, November 24, 1865 ; mustered-out February 1, 1866 ;
Second Assistant Postmaster-General under President Grant.
Since deceased.
The Springfield Convention. 59
Stephenson, Benjamin F. (For Biography, see page 47. Por-
trait opposite page 33.)
Snyder, John M. (For Biography, see page 54.)
Stokes, James H. — Captain Chicago Board of Trade Battery,
July 31, 1862; mustered out August 31, 1864.
Sellers, H. Van — Second Lieutenant, Company E, 12th Illinois
Infantry, August 1, 1861 ; Captain, March 3, 1862 ; Lieutenant-
Colonel, February 19, 1864; Colonel, July 10, 1865 ; mustered-out
July 10th, 1865.
True, James M. — Colonel 62d Illinois Infantry, December 1,
1861; Brevet Brigadier-General, March 6,1865; mustered-out May
1, 1865.
Thompson, Thomas M. — Captain, Company A, 14th Illinois In-
fantry, May 3, 1861-October 31, 1861.
Vanduzen, T>.
Webber, Jules C. (For Biography, see page 53.)
WiLLSON, Hall — Major 27th Illinois Infantry, August 10, 1861;
Colonel 5tli Illinois Cavalry, December 12, 1861-January 19,
1863. Now deceased.
Wheaton, Lloyd — First Sergeant 8th Illinois Infantry, 3
months service ; in three years service. First Lieutenant and
Captain, Company E ; Major, Lieutenant-Colonel, and Colonel ;
mustered-out May 4, 1866.
Woods, Eobert M. (For Biography, see page 53.)
The following, not named in the above, were reported present
at the Convention :
Adams, Charles H. — Major and Lieutenant-Colonel 10th Illi-
nois Infantry, 3 months service ; Lieutenant-Colonel 1st Illinois
Light Artillery, October 23, 1861, to November 2, 1864.
Allen, Kobert — Captain, Company I, 30th Illinois Infantry,
August 28, 1861 ; Major, November 20, 1.862-August 12, 1864.
Beardsley, Ezra M. — Adjutant 69th Illinois Infantry, 3 months
service ; Lieutenant-Colonel 126th Illinois Infantry, September
4, 1862-August 12, 1864.
Bice, Jesse W. — First Lieutenant, Company A, 3d Illinois
Cavalry, August 11, 1862 ; Captain, May 14, 1863 ; Major, April
29, 1865 ; mustered-out October 10, 1865.
Briscoe, Alexander T. — Captain, Company A, 94th Illinois
CO Grand Army of the Republic.
Infantry, August 20, 1862 ; Major, November 29, 1862 ; mustered-
out December 9, 1864.
Clements, Isaac^ — Second Lieutenant Utli Illinois Infantry,
July 27, 1861 ; First Lieutenant and Captain ; mustered-out
August 20, 1864. Has since served in a number of important
public positions.
Cunningham, William — Captain, Company I, 90th Illinois In-
fantry, from October 30, 1862, to July lltli, 1864.
Dunning, George H. (See page 39 ; Decatur Post.)
Frohock, William T. — First Lieutenant and Adjutant 45tli Ill-
inois Infantry, August 30, 1861; Captain, Company A, January 21,
1863 ; Colonel 66tli United States Colored Troops, January 12,
1864; Brevet Brigadier-General, March 13, 1865.
Green, M. J.
Hall, Fred. H.
Hill, .
Hurlbut, S. a. (Portrait opposite page 68. For Biography,
see page 72.)
Jones, John J. — Lieutenant-Colonel 46th Illinois Infantry,
January 1, 1862; brevetted Colonel; mustered-out January 20,
1866.
Johnston, E. S. — First Lieutenant 7th Illinois Infantry, July
22, 1861; Captain, February 1.5, 1862 ; Major, April 22, 1864*^; mus-
tered-out August 9, 1865.
King, John T. — Lieutenant-Colonel llltli Regiment Illinois
Infantry, September 18, 1862 ; Colonel, Augi^st 4, 1863 ; resigned
on account of illness, December 4, 1864.
Lightfoot, John A. (For Biography, see page 54.)
LuKENs, Edward.
]\IrARTHUR, John — Colonel 12th Regiment Illinois Infantry,
^lay 3, 1861; Brigadier-General United States Volunteers, INIarch
21, 1862; Brevet Major-General, December 15, 1862; mustered-out
August 24, 1865.
]MrCoNNELL, John — Major 3d Illinois Cavalry, September 11,
1861; Colonel 5th Illinois Cavalry, June 15, 1863; Brevet Briga-
dierrGeneral, Marcli 13, 18r)5; mustered-out October 25, 1865.
MrXri.TA, John— Captain, Company A, 1st Illinois Cavalry,
May 3, 1S61, to July 14,1862; Lieutenant-Colonel 94th Illinois
Infantry, August 20, 1862 ; Colonel, November 29, 1862 ; mustered-
out July 17, 1865. Now Receiver " AVabash " Railway System,
Cliii'iigo, Illinois.
The Springfield Convention. 61
Matthews, A. C. — Captain, Company C, 99th Illinois Infantry,
August 23, 1862 ; Major, October 9, 1863 ; Lieutenant-Colonel,
May 25, 1864 ; Colonel, December 16, 1861 ; mustered-out July
31, 1865.
Martin, Parkhurst T. — Promoted to Captain, Company K,
lltli Illinois Infantry, as re-organized March 18, 1865 ; mustered-
out September 16, 1865.
Moore, Jesse H. — Colonel 115th Illinois Infantry, September
13, 1862 ; Brevet Brigadier-General, May 15, 1865 ; mustered-out
June 11, 1865. Appointed United States Consul to Callao, Peru,
1881, and died at his post of yellow fever.
MORY, W. J.
North, Alfred A. — (See Portrait, page 34.) Enlisted Septem-
ber 21, 1861, as First Lieutenant Company A, 10th Illinois Cav-
alry ; resigned February 23, 1863, on account of ill health ; com-
missioned Captain, Company M, 10th Illinois Cavalry, April 26,
1864 ; resigned October 15, 1864, on account of disease contracted
in the service ; brev3tted Major, March 13, 1865.
Phelps, John S. (For Biography, see page 35.)
Prentiss, B. M.— Colonel 10th Illinois Infantry, April 29, 1861;
Brigadier-General United States Volunteers, May 17, 1861 ;
Major-General, November 29, 1862-October 8, 1863.
Prescott, William T.
Puterbaugh, George — First Lieutenant, Company E, 47th
Illinois Infantry, August 25, 1861 ; Captain, September 2, 1862 ;
mustered-out October 11, 1864. Junior Vice-Commander, Depart-
ment of Illinois, 1880.
KussELL, Robert. — Private, Company F, 64th Illinois Infantry,
December 17, 1861; Sergeant-Major, December 30, 1863; Adjutant,
July 13, 1865 ; mustered-out July 1, 1865.
Scates, Walter B. — Major and Assistant Adjutant-General,
June 30, 1862, on the staff of General McClernand ; mustered-out
January 4, 1866. Since deceased.
Sickles, H. F. — Major 9th Illinois Cavalry, September 18,
1861, to February, 1862 ; promoted Lieutenant-Colonel ; resigned
January 23, 1863, for disability; afterwards commissioned Colonel
147th Illinois Infantry, February 21, 1865; mustered-out January
28, 1866; Brevet Brigadier-General to date, March 13, 1865.
Shepherd, Levin W. — Captain and Assistant Quartermaster
United States Army, October 3, 1862 ; mustered-out October 7,
1865 ; brevetted Lieutenant-Colonel for faithful services during
62 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
the ^val•. Died while serving as Secretary of Illinois Soldiers
Home, Quincy, Illinois.
Smith, George P. — Colonel 129th Illinois Infantry, September
8, 18()2-May 7, 1863.
Smith, Benjamin F. — Captain and Assistant Adjutant-General
on the staff of General John Cook, Commanding Military De-
partment of Illinois.
Van Meter, H. — Assistant Surgeon 114th Illinois, Septem-
ber 1, 1862; Surgeon, August 14, 1863; mustered-out August 3,
1865.
Wait, Sheridan — Major and Assistant Adjutant-General staff
of General Oglesby. Adjutant-General State of Illinois.
Wilson, KoBERT-^Sergeant 8th Illinois, 3 months service ;
Captain, Company I, 8th Illinois Infantry, 3 years service, July
25, 1861-October 20, 1862.
In its issue of July 13, 1866, the Illinois Journal, Springfield,
said, editorially, in an article headed —
"GRAKD ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC."
'• The proceedings of the Convent iou of the Grand Army of the Republic, which
met in this city yesterday, will be found on the fourth page, and will command gen-
eral attention. The attendance was quite large, and all arms of the military .service
were fully and ably represented; indeed, among the delegates to the convention, we
observe many of the most distinguished men who took part in the war for the Union
from the State of Illinois. The sessions of the convention were private, but we
understand that the utmost harmony and good feeling prevailed.
" From the resolutions reported Ijy M:ijor-General Hurlbut, it will be observed
that the object of the organization is not political in a mere party sense, but is to
render all material aid and assistance in supplying the wants of the widow and the
fatherless, and in furnishing employment to the poor, and to those wounded in the
service of our common country."
Major Stephenson called the meeting to order, and appointed
a committee on organization, who reported -the following as offi-
cers of the convention :
President, Colonel Walter B. Scates, of Chicago ; Vice-Presi-
dents, Major-General B. M. Prentiss and Brigadier-General James
M. True; Secretary, Major liobert M. AVoods, of Springfield; As-
sistant Secretaries, Captain Thomas M. Thompson, of Chicago,
and Private Fred. H. Hall, of Chicago ; Sentinel, Lieutenant B. F.
Hawkes.
The Springfield Convention. 63
The following constituted the Committee on Resolutions :
Colonel John J. Jones, Major-General S. A. Hurlbut, General
N. T. Frohock, Brigadier-General Hiram F. Sickles, Captain
George Puterbaugh, Adjutant Daniel W. Munn, Colonel A. C.
Matthews, Colonel George P. Smith, Captain Hill, General I. N.
Haynie, Captain Isaac Clemens and Dr. George T. Allen.
Major-General Hurlbut reported the following resolutions
from the committee, which were adopted :
" Resolved. That we, the Soldiers of the Grand Army of the Republic, recog-
nizing the power of the principles of association, do hereby pledge ourselves, each
to the other, to render all material aid and assistance in supplying the wants of the
widow and the fatherless, and in furnishing employment to the poor, and to those
wounded and disabled in the service of our common country.
" Resolved. That as we have stood by the Government at the peril of our lives
in war, so will we make it ever our care that no known enemy of our country shall
wield power in the Republic, but the same arms which defended its sanctuary against
open violence, will protect it unflinchingly against all secret machinations, and
never lay down our weapons until peace based on the principles of universal lib-
erty shall be assured.
" Resolved. That treason consummated in rebellion is a crime of the most ma-
lignant nature, and that every possible guarantee should be demanded by all branches
of the Government against the rash admission to place and power of those who were
active participants in rebellion, and thereby forfeited the rights of American citizens;
and that we, the soldiers of the nation who fought for supremacy of the national
authority, have a right to demand that the safety of the Republic should be held
paramount to all other considerations by the Executive and Congress."
Letters were read from Governor Fletcher, of Missouri, and
Governor Oglesby, of Illinois.
Governor Fletcher said : " I most heartily approve of the ob-
jects of your organization, and can assure you that it is worthy
of the highest regard and most enthusiastic support of American
soldiers."
Governor Oglesby said : " Every feeling of my heart and every
purpose of my will is to promote the interests and happiness of
the soldier. He is the friend of his country — he is my friend,
and under all circumstances and at every hazard, I am his. You
will always find me, as you have found me, energetically laboring
for the success and promotion of the welfare of the soldiers of
our country."
Permanent officers of the Department of Illinois were elected
as follows :
CA Grand Army of the Kepublic.
Major-General John M, Palmer, Department Commander ;
Major-General John Cook, Assistant Department Commander ;
General Jules C. Webber, Adjutant-General ; Colonel John M.
Snyder, Quartermaster-General ; Captain John A. Lightfoot, As-
sistant Adjutant-General. Council of Administration — General
John McArthur, General T, F. Mather and General I. C. Pugh.
Major Stephenson was aggrieved at the failure of the Conven-
tion to elect him Department Commander, but the members felt
that the interests of the organization would be much better ad-
vanced under the leadership of some popular soldier, who had
been through the war in active field service.
The committee decided on General John M. Palmer, who was
then in the service, but was soon expected home, and who, it was
believed, would cheerfully accept the honor of an election.
It was arranged that Chaplain Rutledge, as Major Stephen-
son's most intimate friend and adviser, should second the nomina-
tion of General Palmer, and in so doing give full credit to Major
Stephenson for his services as the organizer of the Order. This
duty Chaplain Rutledge ably discharged, and Major Stephenson,
deeply moved by the references to their associations in the past,
and recognizing the porsonally kindly feelings of the members
towards himself, stated that Chaplain Rutledge was the first to
suggest the idea of this organization and had aided and encour-
aged its successful consummation.
The following preamble and resolution, offered by Surgeon H.
W. Davis, of Paris, Illinois, was unanimously adopted :
" Whereas, we, the members of the Graud Ariu}- of the Kej)ul)lic', recognize in
Major Stephenson, of Springfield, Illinois, the head and front of the organization, be
it therefore resolved, that for the energy, loyaltJ^ and perseverance manifested in
org-anizing the Grand Army of the Republic, he is entitled to the gratitude of all
brave men, and tiiat we, the soldiers, hereby tender him our thanks, and pledge him
our friendship at all times and under all circumstances."
General John Cook, Assistant Department Commander, in the
absence of General Palmer, assumed command of the Department,
and on July 11^, 18(50, announced in General Orders No. 1 the fol-
lowing Staff: General Jules C. AVebber, Adjutant-General; Colonel
John M. Snyder, Quartermaster-General; Cajatain John A. Light-
foot, Assistant Adjutant-General.
The work of estal^lishing Posts was now entered into with
more system and more success as to numbers of Posts organized,
The Spbingfield Convention.
65
General John M. Palmer.
but a General Order, issued by General Palmer, in April, 1867,
referred to the fact that many Districts and Posts had made no
returns since their organization.
General John M. Pal-
mer, Department Com-
mander, was born in Ken-
t u c k y , September 13,
1817. His parents set-
tled in Madison county,
Illinois, in 1831. He
studied law, and was duly
admitted to practice. In
1854 he was elected to the
State Senate as a Demo-
crat, but in 1856, on the
organization of the Re-
publican Pai*ty, he affili-
ated with it, and in 1860
canrassed the State for
the election of Mr. Lin-
coln. In 1861 he organized the 14tli Regiment, Illinois Vol-
unteer Infantry ; was promoted to Brigadier-General United
States Yolanteers, December 20, 1861, and Major-General, Novem-
ber 29th, 1862. He commanded a Division in the 4tli Army
Corps, and also of the 14th Corps, and afterwards commanded this
and the 21st Corps. He rendered most valuable service during
the whole period of the war. On June 27, 1865, he was assigned
to the command of the Department of Kentucky, Avith headquar-
ters at Louisville. At the time of his election as Department
Commander he was on duty at Raleigh, North Carolina. He re-
signed from the army September 1, 1866. He was Governor of
Illinois, 1869 to 1873.
General John Cook, Assistant Department Commander, had
the honor of placing in the Jfield the first regiment from Illinois —
the 7th Infantry. At Fort Donelson, Colonel Cook commanded
the 3d Brigade of General C. F. Smith's Division. He was pro-
moted Brigadier-General March 21st, 1862, and at the time of the
organization of the Grand Army of the Republic was in command
of the Military District of Springfield, and, with members of his
Staff, took an active interest in the formation of the Order.
The early records of the Department are not now to be
5.
66
Grand Army of the Republic.
found, and it seems impossible
to obtain a full and correct
roster of Posts established in
1866-1867. No report was made
to the National Encampment
which met in Philadelphia in
January, 1868. But in 1869,
General Thomas O. Osborn, who
had succeeded General Palmer
as Department Commander, re-
ported the existence of about
340 Posts.
In April, 1867, Adjutant-
General Webber, Quartermas-
ter-General Snyder, and Assist-
ant Adjutant-General Lightfoot
resigned their positions on the
Department Staff, and Colonel Daniel Grass, of Springfield, Avas
appointed Assistant Adjutant-General. The later record of the
Department will be found under the head of Illinois.
General John Cook.
The election of a Department Commander by the Springfield
Convention relieved Major Stephenson of any further responsi-
bility for the Avork of organization in Illinois, and he turned his
attention to other States, acting as Commander-in-Chief, without
other authority than that first assumed, as the organizer of the
Grand Army of the Republic.
General Webber and Colonel Snyder gave their attention more
particularly to the Department of Illinois, and the principal labor
elsewhere devolved upon Adjutant-General Robert M. W^oods,
Avho visited Columbus, Ohio, St. Louis, Missouri, and other
points, to arrange for the organization of Departments, having
previously gone to Madison, Wisconsin, for the same purpose.
Colonel Snyder organized the Department of Minnesota.
Tlie limits of authority for forming Posts liad not been es-
pecially defined, and Posts, and Department officers, and members,
organized Posts Avherever the opportunity Avas presented, in many
cases Avithout even reporting such action to Headquarters, Avhich
necessarily occasioned confusion in the assignment of Posts to
tlieir proper numerical positions, already complicated by the
numbering in Districts. Comrades Fred. I. Dean, J. A. Kuyken-
The Springfield Convention. 67
dall ami P. H. Conkliug were detailed as clerks at Headquarters,
and so served after Major Steplieuson became Adjutant-General.
Adjutant-General R. M. AVoods advanced the funds necessary for
expenses at Headquarters, and financial assistance was also given
by otlier comrades. The Department of Indiana supplied Major
Stephenson with blank charters, rituals and regulations.
In October, 1866, Departments had been formed in Illinois,
Wisconsin, Indiana, Iowa and Minnesota, and Posts in Ohio,
Missouri, Kentucky, Arkansas, District of Columbia, Massachu-
setts, New York and Pennsylvania.
The Constitution, amended at Springfield, prescribed that
each Department should have but two representatives in the
National Organization, but it was manifestly impracticable to
then organize upon that basis, and the General Orders (Chapter
V), convening a National Convention at Indianapolis, November
20, called for representation from Posts and by District and
Department Oflicers.
CHAPTER V.
The National Encampment
OF THE
GEAND AEMY OF THE REPUBLIC.
first session,
Indianapolis, Novembeii 20, 1866.
Tlie lirst National Convention was lield in pursuance of the
following :
Headquarters Grand Army op the Republic, }
Springfield, Illinois, October 31st, 1866. \
General Orders No. 18.
A National Convention of the Grand Army of tlie Republic is liereb}' ordered to
convene at Indianapolis, Indiana, at 10 o'clock, on Tuesday, the twentieth day of No
veml)er next, for tiie purpose of perfecting the National organization, and the trans-
action of such other business as maj^ come before the Convention.
The ratio of representation shall be as follows: Each Post shall be entitled to one
representative, and when the membership exceeds one hundred, to one additional rep-
resentative, and in the same ratio for every additional one hundred or fractional part
thereof.
All Department and District Officers, ex officio, shall be members of said Conven-
tion.
All honorably discharged soldiers and sailore, and those now serving in the Army,
desirous of l)ecoming members of the Grand Army of the Republic, are respectfully
invited to attend the Convention.
All comrades are requested to wear the "blue," with corps badges, etc.
B. F. STEPHENSON,
Commander-in chief,
Official : G. A. R., U. S.
J. C. WEBBER,
Adj't-Gen'l, Dep't Illinois.
The meeting was held in Morrison's Opera House, Avhicli had
been tastefully decorated for the occasion. The battle-Hags of
Indiana rogiinents were displayed u])on the stage, and portraits of
distinguislicd inilitavy chieftains and civilians were arranged on
the balconi(»s and walls.
Commander-in-chief 13. F. Stephenson calbnl the convention to
[68]
National Encampment at Indianapolis. 69
order. Colonel John M. Snyder was appointed Secretary, and
General Jules C. AVebber, Illinois, and Major O. M. Wilson, Indi-
ana, Assistant Secretaries.
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On Credentials — A, L. Clietlain, Illinois; W. H. McCoy, Ohio;
L. Edwin Dudley, District of Columbia; Clayton McMichael,
Pennsylvania ; John S. Cavender, Missouri ; T. B. Fairleigh, Ken-
tucky ; J. B. McKean, New York ; T. J. Anderson, Kansas ; Eobt.
F. Catterson, Arkansas ; J. F. Gwynne, Wisconsin ; A. P. Alexan-
der, Iowa ; M. C. Garber, Indiana.
On Permanent Organization — S. A. Hurlbut, Illinois ; H. T.
Burge, Kentucky ; F. T. Ledergerber, Missouri ; Clayton McMi-
chael, Pennsylvania ; Chas. G. Mayers, Wisconsin ; William Vau-
dever, Iowa ; L. Edwin Dudley, District of Columbia ; August
Willich, Ohio ; M. C. Garber, Indiana.
Constitution and By-Laws — H. K. Milward, Kentucky ; E. G.
Feltus, Pennsylvania ; John G. Kelley, Pennsylvania ; E. F.
Schneider, Ohio ; Chester Harding, Missouri ; T. O. Osborn, Illi-
nois ; Lemuel D. Price, Iowa ; Charles Cruft, Indiana ; Eichard
Lester, Wisconsin.
The Committee on Credentials reported representatives pres-
ent as follows : District of Columbia, 1; Illinois, 34 ; Indiana, 148;
Iowa, 6 ; Kansas, 1 ; Kentucky, 3 ; Missouri, 9 ; New York, 1 ;
Ohio, 15 ; Pennsylvania, 3 ; Wisconsin, ? ; total, 22^. The names
of representatives marked present will be found in the appendix.
The Committee on Permanent Organization reported the fol-
lowing Officers for the Convention : President, John M. Palmer,
Illinois. Yice-Presidents — Thos. C. Fletcher, Missouri ; Eobt. S.
Foster, Indiana ; William O. Eyan, Iowa ; Eobt. F. Catterson, Ar-
kansas ; J. B. McKean, New York ; John G. Kelley, Pennsylvania ;
J. K. Proudfit, Wisconsin ; B. F. Stephenson, Illinois ; T. B. Fair-
leigh, Kentucky ; August Willich, Ohio. Secretary, L. Edwin
Dudley, District of Colum.bia. Assistant Secretaries — Daniel
Macauley, Indiana ; Clayton McMichael, Pennsylvania ; F. T. Led-
ergerber, Missouri ; Chas. G. Mayers, Wisconsin ; F. M. Thomp-
son, Illinois. Chaplain, Eev. John H. Lozier, Indiana,
General Palmer was then escorted to the chair, and made an
able address on the objects of the Grand Army of the Eepublic.
Additional committees were appointed as follows :
70 Grand Army of the Republic.
AVoHK AND EiTUAL — J. L. "NVilsoii, Indiana ; F. T. Ledergerber^
Missouri ; B. F. Stephenson, Illinois ; Clayton McMichael, Penn-
sylvania ; AVm, Vandever, Iowa ; H, K. Mihvard, Kentucky; Clias.
G. Mayers, Wisconsin ; J. L. Greene, Ohio.
Resolutions — lohn McNeil, Missouri ; Charles Case, Indiana ;
R. G. Feltus, Pennsylvania ; A. P. Alexander, Iowa ; J. K. Proud-
fit, Wisconsin ; A. L. Chetlain, Illinois ; T. B. Fairleigh, Ken-
tucky; T. T. Taylor, Ohio.
The committees on Constitution and on Work and Ritual after-
wards presented reports recommending sundry amendments to tlie
Constitution and the Ritual. The title of the Constitution was
changed to " Rules and Regulations." Representation in National
Encampments was fixed on the basis of one representative at large
from each Department, and one representative for each one thou-
sand members therein. The Grand (afterwards Department) Com-
mander, Senior and Junior Yice-Grand Commanders were consti-
tuted ex officio members. District organizations were retained, but
Avithout representation in Department Encampments, Depart-
ment Encampments were to be composed of one delegate for every
25 members of the several Posts therein.
RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED.
We, the representatives of the Soldiers and Sailors of the military and naval serv-
ice of the United States, during the late war against traitors, re-affirining our devotion
to these States, the Constitution and the laws of our coinitry, and our abhorrence of
trea.son and oppression; Resolve*
First, Tlial the Grand Army of the Republic is organized to maintain in civil life
those great principles for which it stood in arms under the national flag; that it stands
pledged to crush out active treason, to advance and support loyalty, to secure sound
constitutional liberty to all mvw, and to vindicate everywhere, and at all times, the
full and complete rights of every loyal American citizen, against all combinations of
force or fraud that may attempt to deny or deprive them of such rights.
Second, That we pledge all the power and influence which, as individuals or as an
association, we can legitimately yield, in the most especial manner to those gallant
men who stocjd fast by the coimlry in the hour of its agony, in tiie Rebellious States;
and will), through all manner of losses and i.ijuries, persecutions by force and persecu-
tions under color of law, maintained their integrjty and vindicated their loyally; and
we solemidy declare tliat no jyower that we can use shall be neglected until they are
thorouglily and completely protected in the active exercise of every right of American
freemen, through the entire country over which our Hag floats.
Third, Tliat Congress, in justice and not in charity, should pass a law equalizing
in a just manner, the bounties of all Union Soldiers and Sailors.
Fourth, That we now, as heretofore, pledge ourselves to use our best endeavors to
])rocure appropriiite Sf;ite and national legislation for the education and maintenance
of tlic orphans and widows of our deceased comrades, and maimed brethren, and to
National Encampment at Indianapolis. 71
enforce a speedy adjustment and payment of all lawful claims against the Govern-
ment due soldiers and sailors and their friends.
Fifth, That in our opinion no man is worthy to be a free citizen of a free country
who is not willing to bear arms in its defense, and we therefore suggest to Congress
the passage of a law making it the inexorable duty of every citizen to defend his
country in time of need, in person and not by substitute.
Sixth, That as a matter of justice and right, and because the sacrifices made and
dangers encountered by the Union soldiers and sailors who served in the late war for
the preservation of the country, cannot ever be fully repaid, we respectfull}- ask that
those in authority bestow upon needy and worthy soldiers and .sailors such positions
of honor and profit as they may be competent to fill; and while we seek nothing for
ourselves, or those of our comrades who are able to maintain themselves, we do earn-
estly recommend this request to the consideration of those in authority. And we
especially ask the attention of President Johnson to " his policy " heretofore declared
on (his .subject.
The "Veteran Brotherhood" of Kansas, and the "Soldiers
and Sailors Union " of New York, were invited by resolntion to
join the Grand Army of the Republic.
The following were elected officers of the National Encamp-
ment :
Commander-in-Chief, S. A. Hurlbut, Illinois ; Senior Vice-
Commander-in-Chief, J. B. McKean, New York ; Junior Vice-
Commander-in-Chief, R. S. Foster, Indiana ; Adjutant-General,
B. F. Stephenson, Illinois ; Quartermaster-General, August Wil-
LiCH, Ohio ; Surgeon-General, D, C. McNeil, Iowa ; Chaplain,
William A. Pile, Missouri ; Council of Administration — J. K.
Proudfit, Wisconsin ; William Vandever, Iowa ; T. O. Osborn,
Illinois ; T. C. Fletcher, Missouri ; T. T. Taylor, Ohio ; H. K.
MiLWARD, Kentucky ; F. J. Bramhall, New Y'"ork ; Nathan Kim-
ball, Indiana ; Clayton McMichael, Pennsylvania.
A public meeting was held in the evening, presided over by
General Palmer. The War Governor of Indiana, Oliver P. Mor-
ton, was enthusiastically received, the audience rising and greet-
ing him with hearty cheers.
Governor Morton expressed the great pleasure he felt in ex-
tending, on behalf of the State of Indiana, a welcome to the
members of the Grand Army of the Republic. He said the
army had saved the nation, and the result cff the struggle had
shown it to be the grandest army of any nation in the world, a
citizen army which understood well the cause for which they
drew their swords. " The country is now in a transition period,
more truly so than at any other time. We are in the midst of a
72 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
revolutiou, not outside of the constitution, but such as occur
within constitutions." Referring again to the services of the sol-
diers, he said : " The gratitude of the Government is due to the
men who saved it, and that gratitude, he believed, would grow
stronger and stronger as years increase. The crippled and
maimed soldiers will be nourished and protected, and the apo-
thegm that ' republics are ungrateful ' proven false in the case of
America, which will take care of those to whom it owes its nation-
al existence."
General Palmer feelingly replied to the remarks of Governor
Morton, and said that every soldier had learned to know and re-
spect him as their friend, and a hopeful believer in the suc-
cess of the Republic even in the darkest hours. He said that
Governor Morton would be ever gratefully remembered by the
people for his services during the war.
Addresses were made by General Hurlbut, General August
AVillich, and General H. D. Washburn.
The officers elected at Indianapolis were all representative sol-
diers, whose names and influence at a period free from the all-per-
vading political excitement, would certainly have secured the
fullest confidence of the veterans of the country and assured suc-
cess from the first.
General Stephen A. Hurlbut, Commander-in-Chief, was born
in Charleston, South Carolina, November 29, 1815. He studied
law in the office of Judge James L. Pettigru, in Charleston, and
entered into practice in that city. He enlisted as a Sergeant with
a volunteer company in the Florida War, and before the term ex-
pired was assigned to staff duty as Lieutenant. In 1847 he re-
moved to Belvidere, Boone county, Illinois, and immediately se-
cured a lucrative law practice.
He was a leading member of the Illinois convention in 1847,
and presidential elector on the Whig ticket in 1848. He served in
the State Legislature in 18r)9-18f)l, and again in 1807. At the
outbreak of the Rebellion he commanded a local militia company
at Belvidere, and was at Springfield when the first call was made
for troops. He telegrai)h(^d his company, asking them to enlist,
and they responded almost to a man, becoming Company B, ir)th
Illinois Infantry. Early in 18(51 he had visited Charleston u])()n a
special mission at tlu^ request of President-elect Abraham Lincoln.
His old preceptor, Judge Pettigru, strongly opposed the secession
0 9
'^^Miy'^-
Group of National Officers, 1866.
National Encampment at Indianapolis. 78
of his State, and during the whole period of the Rebellion was un-
wavering in his devotion to the Union.
On May 27, 1861, Captain Hurlbut was commissioned by the
President Brigadier-General United States Volunteers, and was
first placed on duty in Missouri, where his vigorous measures in
holding the community responsible for wrecking railroad trains,
and his order freeing the slaves within his command, gave ofiense
to less earnest defenders of the Union. He was afterwards placed
in command of the 4th Division, Army of the Tennessee, and was
the first to debark at Pittsburg landing. In the battle of Shiloh
Hurlbut's Division held the key-point of the battle-field against
great odds, repulsing the enemy's frequent attacks, until, Avhen
flanked, he was compelled to retire, doing so in good order and
maintaining his division and brigade organizations intact.
For bravery and skill at Shiloh he was promoted Major-Gen-
eral. After the evacuation of Corinth he was placed in command
of the 16th Army Corps, and had command at Memphis, Tennes-
see. He was in command of the Department of the Gulf in 1864—
1865, succeeding General Banks, and was mustered-out of service
June 20, 1865. He resumed practice at Belvidere until 1869, when
he was appointed by President Grant Minister of the United States
at Bogota, United States of Columbia. He returned home in 1872,
was elected to Congress, and was re-elected in 1876. He was ap-
pointed by President Garfield Envoy Extraordinary to the Repub-
lic of Peru. He died of paralysis of the heart in Chili, March 27,
1882. His body was brought to his home at Belvidere, Illinois,
for interment.
Colonel James B. McKean, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief,
was born in Hoosic, Rensselaer county. New York, August 5, 1821.
During his infancy his parents removed to and settled upon the
battle-field of Saratoga. When he was twenty-three years of age
he was elected Colonel of the 144th Regiment, New York State
Militia, and so served for a number of years. He studied law,
was admitted to practice in 1849, and thereafter followed his pro-
fession at Saratoga Springs. In 1858 he was elected Representa-
tive in Congress for the loth District, New Y''ork State, and was
re-elected in 1860, and served until after the battle of Bull Run,
when he returned to his home, and issued to his constituents a
stirring and patriotic appeal, following that by offering his own
services in any way he could be most useful. The 77th New York
74 Grand Army of the TIepublic.
Volunteer Regiment was at once formed, and he was tendered anJ
accepted command, leaving Avith his regiment for the front in No-
vember, 1S()1. He remained in command until July 2H, 1863, when
he was compelled to resign by reason of long-continued suffering
from malaria contracted in the service, and from which he never
fully recovered. Wliile in the field he participated with his com-
mand in several battles and skirmishes, notably that of Mechanics-
ville, when the regiment made a dashing and successful charge.
In 18()5, being still in ill health, he was sent by President Lincoln
to Spanish America on a mission relating to the ratification of a
treaty with the Government of Honduras, and afterwards Mr.
Seward, Secretary of State, tendered him the position of Consul
to San Domingo, which he declined. In 1870 President Grant ap-
pointed him Chief Justice of Utah, in which office he served five
years, after which he practiced his profession in Salt Lake City
until his decease, January 5, 1879. He was buried in Salt Lake
City, and his wife, Kate Hay McKean, survived him but nineteen
days. A leading newspaper in Salt Lake City said of him, in an-
nouncing his decease : " Friends and enemies alike remember him
as the courtly and cultured gentleman, the pure patriot, the
blameless citizen, the sincere and unaffected Christian. He was
ever calm, heroic, and self-sustained, kindly in his nature, uni-
versal in his sympathies, and above the follies of common human-
ity. His connection with the Grand Army of the. Republic is
stated in the account of the Department of New York.
Robert S. Foster, Junior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, entered
the service as Captain, Company A, lltli Indiana Zouaves. On
July 3, 1861, he was commissioned Major of the 13tli Indiana, and
was engaged in the battle of Rich Mountain, West Virginia, and
commanded his regiment as Lieutenant-Colonel in the battle of
AViuchester. He commanded a Division during the siege of Suf-
folk, was promoted Brigadier-General, June, 1863, and was then
actively engaged in Virginia. He commanded a Brigade during
tlu' siege of Forts Wagner and Sumter, South Carolina. On
being transferred to Virginia he was for a time Cliief of Staff', lOtli
Army Cor})s, Army of the James, and again of the 24tli Corps.
He had also command of a Divisio)i in the lOtli Corps, and during
the ])ursuit of Lee's army commanded the 1st Division, 24th Army
Corps, which, on the morning of April 1), was placed across the
Lynchburg road and met and repulsed Gordon and Field's Divis-
National Encampment at Indianapolis. 75
ions of Longstreet's Corps, wliicli had broken through the lines
of the cavalry.
General Foster was on duty on the Military Commission for
the trial of the Conspirators charged with the assassination of
President Lincoln. Brevetted Major-General March 13, 1865 ; re-
signed from the service September, 1865. Has since been in busi-
ness in Indianapolis. Was Provisional Commander, Department
of Indiana, Grand Army of the Republic, 1866, and Department
Commander, 1868.
General August Willich, Quartermaster-General, was born in
Eastern Prussia, and received a thorough military education. He
came to the United States in 1853, and for a time worked as a car-
penter in Eastern New York. He entered the service as a pri-
vate in the 9th Ohio, but his military training brought him quick
promotion, first as Adjutant and then Major. He was then trans-
ferred to Indiana, and commissioned Colonel 32d Indiana Volun-
teers. Was promoted to be Brigadier-General, July 17, 1862, for
conspicuous gallantry in leading a brilliant charge at Pittsburgh
Landing. It is claimed that he gave the orders for the storming
of Mission Ridge on finding that his men could not remain in
the positions assigned them. He was brevetted Major-General,
October 21, 1865, and mustered-out January 15, 1866. He com-
manded a brigade in 2d Division, 14th Army Corps, the 3d Divis-
ion,. 4th Army Corps, and 2d Division, 20th Army Corps, At
Resaca he was badly wounded in the s-houlder, which prevented
further service in the field. His record was remarkably brilliant.
He is now deceased.
Major D. C. McNeil, Surgeon-General, was born in Spring-
field, Illinois, January 16, 1825. He served in the Mexican War.
At the outbreak of the Rebellion he was Captain of an independ-
ent company at De Witt, Iowa, and was afterwards appointed
Captain 1st United States Lancers. Was appointed Assistant
Surgeon, 15th Iowa, August 19, 1862, and resigned in May, 1863.
In February, 1865, he was appointed Assistant Surgeon, 2d United
States Volunteer Infantry, and afterward Surgeon ; mustered-out
November 6, 1865. Is now at Osceola, Missouri.
General William A. Pile, elected Chaplain, entered the service
in 1861 as Chaplain 1st Missouri Infantry. Was afterwards ap-
76 Grand Ar^iy of the Hepublic.
pointed Colonel 53d Missouri Volunteers. Brigadier-General,
from December 20, 18(53, and Brevet Major-General, April 9, 1865,
Mustered-out August 24, 1865. After the war lie was elected
Member of Congress from the First District, Missouri. Was ap-
pointed bv President Grant Minister to Venezuela, and after a few
years of servica resigned to engage in business. He is now living
in California.
CHAPTER VI.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF S. A. HURLBUT.-
SECOND ANNUAL SESSION, PHILADELPHIA, JANUARY 15, 1868.
Headquarters were retained at Springfield, under the charge
of Adjutant-General Stephenson.
General Hurlbut, engrossed in his own affairs, was unable to
devote the time required for personal supervision or direction of
the work at Headquarters during this, probably the most critical
period in the history of the Grand Army of the Republic, and
though Adjutant-General Stephenson was thoroughly devoted to
the Order, it was evident that he greatly lacked in the requisites
for the methodical conduct of office business.
Applications for advice, instructions, and requisitions for sup-
plies, were not promptly attended to, and the work of organiza-
tion was thus greatly retarded. The larger Departments found
it necessary to print Rituals, Rules and other supplies for their
Posts.
The failure to convene the National Encampment during the
year gave occasion for considerable criticism, and a number of
leading comrades felt it necessary to strongly advise the Com-
mander-in-chief of the evil consequences of such delay.
A conference of influential members was held in Philadelphia
to consider this matter, and the consent of Senior Vice-Command-
er-in-chief McKean was obtained to a proposition that he should
himself convene the Encampment if another appeal to Headquar-
ters should pass unheeded. The necessity for such action was,
however, averted by the issue of the following :
General Orders ) Headquarters Grand Army of the Republic,
No, 46. ) Adjutant-General's Office,
Springfield, Illinois, December 2, 1867.
It is hereby ordered that the annual meeting of the Grand Army of the Republic
be held in the city of Philadelphia on the 15th day of January, 1868.
The attention of Department Commanders is very respectfully called to Section
One, Article Sixteen, Rules and Regulations of the Order, and they are hereby re-
quired to call a meeting of their respective Departments, if not already done, prior
[?7]
78 Grand Army ok the Republic.
to said meetiug, iu order that they may elect their delegates in accordance with said
Article, and be fully represented, as business of importance will be presented to the
meeting.
By order of STEPIIEX A.'HUHLBUT.
Commander-in-Chief.
B. F. STEPHENSON,
Adjutant-General.
The meeting was held iu the Assembly Buildings, southwest
corner Tenth and Chestnut streets, Philadelphia. Commander-
in-chief Hurlbut presided.
COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS.
Joshua T. Owen, Pennsylvania ; James G. Blunt, Kansas ;
Henry B. Banning, Ohio ; Geo. W. Palmer, New York ; and Eobt.
W. Smith, Illinois.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
Connecticut, 6 ; Delaware, 4 ; Illinois, 3G ; Indiana, 22 ; Iowa,
6 ; Kansas, 2 ; Maine, 6 ; Massachusetts, 4 ; Maryland, 5 ; Michi-
gan, 2 ; Minnesota, 5 ; Missouri, 7 ; New Hampshire, 3 ; New
York, 14 ; New Jersey, 5 ; Ohio, 34 ; Pennsylvania, 8 ; Potomac, 5 ;
Bhode Island, 5 ; Tennessee, 3 ; Wisconsin, 4. Total, 21 Depart-
ments and 186 Representatives.
The report of the Committee on Credentials was referred back
with instructions — 1st, on motion of Comrade Moorehouse, of
Kansas, to omit the military titles of comrades ; and, 2d, on mo-
tion of Comrade D. E. Sickles, New York, to receive the names of
" ex officio members." It is not shown what names, if any were
added to the amended report.
Adjutant-General Stephenson presented the following :
REPORT OF THE ADJUTANT-GENERAL, G. A. R., U. S.*
Headquakters Guand Army of the REruuLic, )
Adjutant General's Office, >-
Springfield, Ills , Jan. 10. 1868. )
To the Comrades of the Grand Arm)/ of the Republic, thronyh their representatives in
National Convention assembled, greetin(j :
The Adjutant General, in presenting this the first oflicial report of the rise and
progress of the glorious Order now represented in National Couventiou, approaches
• The MSS of this report was not among the papers turned over. The above
extract was copied from the tiles of the " Ohio Republic " by Adjutant-General Chip-
ext
man.— Altuok
Administration of S. A. Hurlbut. 79
the subject with extreme ditHdence, feeling himself, as he does, unable to do the
subject the justice it deserves.
Early in the spring of 1866 a few patriots, deeply feeling the importance of organ-
izing a grand association of the gallant Union soldiers and sailors of the late terrible
rebellion, for the purpose of fostering fraternal relations, and keeping alive the zeal
of patriotism and devotion to our country, and above all for the purpose of mutual
support and assistance in clothing the naked, feeding the hungry, and furnishing
employmcLit to destitute, sick and wounded comrades, and caring for the widows
and orphans of our gallant dead, formed their plans, and publicly calling on all in-
terested, on the 12th day of July, 1866, met in Convention in the Representatives
Hall in the State capitol at Springfield, Ills., and then, and there, formed the nucleus
of the grand organization here represented in Convention, and which, from that
humble origin now extends an influence of great power throughout nearly every
State and Territory in our country.
Your present Adjutant-General was honored by the appointment as Provisional
Commander in-Chief. With but crude materials at his command ( mere local influ-
ence, and but little pecuniary means) aided by a few noble workers, he succeeded in
a few months in establishing Provisional Departments in several States and Terri-
tories, and placing them in good working order. The Boys in Blue saw the impor-
tance of the Organization, and as they flew to arms when Sumter fell, so did they soon
fill up our ranks. But the material was crude, our ranks but as raw recruits, and the
importance of a more thorough organization was keenly felt. So the first National
Convention was called to convene in the city of Indianapolis, Ind., on the 20th day
of iSTovember, 1866, and then and there the Grand Army of the Republic received its
first official recognition. The officers for the current year were elected, a Council of
Administration appointed, a Constitution and Regulations adopted, and the noble
ship, with its precious freight of charity and fraternal love, with the stars and stripes
nailed to the mast, was launched upon the great sea of human events, and right
nobly has the gallant bark done duty since that time; though she has passed through .
many bitter engagements with her ancient enemies, the traitor ship and crew, and
even assailed by those who should have been her friends, her flag is still there!
**********
From information derived from numerous letters received daily at my oflice from
every part of our land, I am highly gratified in stating my belief that our organiza-
tion is rapidly gaining in strength and importance, and through its instrumentality
thousands of starving widows and orphans have been fed and clothed, while other
thousands of our poor, helpless, crippled comrades have been placed in positions
where they could earn their own bread, who, but for our instrumentality, would
be left to seek their support from the cold hand of charity, and the Union soldier
disdains to beg. I would also state that all the documents, files of correspondence,
books, &c., remaining in my office, will be held subject to the requisition of my sue-
In conclusion, I would offer my hearty congratulations for the unprecedented suc-
cess of our Organization, so dear to the heart of every patriot soldier, and earnestly
trust that the deliberations of this body may prove harmonious, and such action ma-
tured as will better develop the power and influence of our Order for good through-
out our land.
Fraternally,
B. F. STEPHENSON,
Adjt Geul G. A. R., U. S.
80 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
FINANCES.
The financial statement sliowed receipts, $352 ; disbursements,
$1,637.50 ; deficiency, $1,285.56. The receipts were from the fol-
lowing Departments : Louisiana, $130 ; Pennsylvania, $70 ; Kan-
sas, $50 ; Ohio, $20 ; Missouri, $17 ; New Jersey, $13 ; Michigan,
$10 ; Minnesota, $10 ; Nebraska, $10 ; West Virginia, $10 ; Massa-
chusetts, $8 ; Wisconsin, $4.
Expenditures were : For printing, $539.65 ; clerk-hire, $638.66 ;
office rent and expenses, $459.25.
The report of such meagre receipts was a surprise to the mem-
bers of the Encampment. It proved that something was radically
wrong in the system of taxation, or else in the method, or lack of
method, of collecting. It was evident that the work of organiza-
tion had been hampered by jDOverty of means, and that a remedy
must be promptly ajDplied.
The delinquent Departments represented over 1,400 Posts.
The Committee on Finance, Comrade Nathan Kimball, Indiana,
Chairman, recommended the immediate assessment of one dollar
upon each Post to liquidate the indebtedness.
The result of this assessment, as shown in the report for the
following year was the collection of but $302, the following De-
partments only, paying their assessments : California, $6 ; Con-
necticut, $18; Maine, $12; Maryland, $11; Massachusetts, $43;
Michigan, $29 ; New Hampshire, $1 ; New York, $55 ; Pennsylva-
nia, $99 ; Potomac, $3 ; Rhode Island, $10 ; Tennessee, $5 ; Wis-
consin, $10.
Comrade J. T. Owen, of Philadelphia, then personally ad-
vanced to Major Stephenson $500 in cash, and paid bills for print-
ing Rituals, etc., amounting to nearly $1,400. Three years time
was required to repay the money so advanced.
During the session of the Encampment a communication was
received from the National Council, Union League of America, a
secret political association, inviting a conference " for the jsurpose
of pecuring co-operative action between the Grand Army and the
Union Leagiie of America."
The invitation was referred to a committee consisting of C. E.
Lippincott, Illinois ; J. B. McKean, New York ; Nathan Kimball,
Indiana ; Jno. F. Hartranft, Pennsylvania, and Jas. Shaw, Rhode
Island. The committee, after consideration, decided that no ac-
tion should be taken on the proposition.
Administration of S. A. Hurlbut. 81
RULES AND REGULATIONS AND RITUAL.
The names of members appointed on tliese committees are not
recorded, but the reports were made by General Theo. B. Gates,
New York, as Chairman of the Committee on Eules, and bj Major
A. S. Cushman, Massachusetts, Chairman of Committee on Ritual.
District organizations were abolished. A proposition to
change the terms of the Declaration of Princij)les which would
show the Order to be non-partisan, gave rise to a heated discus-
sion which threatened to lead to a disruption ; one side claiming
that the organization should be avowedly political in its objects,
the other, while as desirous of upholding " the rights of the de-
fenders of their country by all moral, social and political means
in our control," took the ground that partisanship had j)ractically
destroyed the Order in the West, and would have the same effect
elsewhere, and that the organization could not be maintained
while there was any ground for the popular belief that it was a
secret political society. The amendment " that this association
does not design to make nominations for office or to use its influ-
ence as a secret organization for partisan purposes," was finally
carried. The Article prohibiting the introduction of any partisan
questions was incorporated in the Rules at the next session.
Comrades A. S. Cushman, Massachusetts, and T. Wentworth
Higginson, Rhode Island, as a sub-committee, presented a revised
Ritual, which was adopted by the Encampment without change.
RESOLUTIONS.
Comrade N. P. Chipman, Chairman, presented the following
from the Committee on Resolutions, which were adopted :
Whereas, we believe the loyal people of this country bear the citizen soldiery iu
grateful remembrauce, aud heartily accord to them all honor for their heroic sacri-
fices to save the nation, and wherever the question of merit is equally balanced
would prefer to see honorably discharged soldiers and sailors promoted to places of
trust and profit; and,
Whereas, by the experience of the past two years we are painfully admonished
that public officials, and those possessing the power to appoint to and remove from
office, almost wholly ignore service in the late army and navy against rebellion as a
qualification for office, and sometimes treat such service as a positive disqualification:
Therefore, be it
Resolved, That we most earnestly recommend this subject to Congress as deserv-
ing speedy action.
Resolred, That we regard it the duty of Congress to provide, by some regulation
of the civil offices, so that honorable service as a soldier or sailor of the country may
constitute a qualification for appointment, aud that iu the several Departments of the
6
82 Grand Army op the Eepublic.
Government a definite and equitable number from this class of citizens be chosen
from the list of applicants, if shown to possess the requisite skill and fitness.
Jtcfi-ilved, That Congress be requested to so frame the law as to protect our com-
rades now in civil employment of the Government from being discriminated against
by those having the authority to remove them in any future reduction of the number
in such civil employment.
Resolved, That this resolution be engrossed, and a copy thereof certified and sent
to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives, with
the request that they be laid before that honorable body as the sense of the citizen
soldiery of the country, and with the urgent petition that Senators and Representa-
tives give this matter their early and earnest attention.
Comrade E. Y. Goldsboroiigli, of Maryland, presented the fol-
lowing preamble and resolutions, which were adoj^ted :
Whereas, arrangements are being perfected by State legislation and otherwise to
inter in the Antietam National Cemetery the remains of those rebels who were killed
in the vicinity of said cemetery; and,
Whereas, we feel that respect to our fallen comrades requires us to oppose any
such movement, and to protect their ashes from insult: Therefore, be it
Resohed, by the Grand Army of the Republic, in convention assembled, That we
demand from Congress such legislation as will forever prevent the burial, in any of
the national cemeteries, of any person other than the deceased soldiers and sailors of
the Republic, for whom they were intended, by placing said cemeteries under the
control of the general Government, or by such other mode as to them shall seem best
to accomplish the object herein sought.
Resolred, That copies of this preamble and resolutions be forwarded to the Presi-
dent of the Senate of the United States and the Speaker of the House of Representa
tives for the immediate action of said bodies.
Resolutions were adopted thanking General J. P. C. Shanks,
Indiana, for the introduction of a bill in Congress to furnish dis-
aliled soldiers and sailors requiring them, artificial limbs at the
expense of the United States ; to the Common Council of Phila-
delphia for the use of their chamber in Independence Hall for the
closing meetings of the Encampment ; and heartily commending
tlie proposition to erect a National Monument at Springfield to
the memory of the martyred President, Abraham Lincoln.
The Union Le.^oue of Philadelphia extended a courteous invi-
tation to the Encampment to visit the League House. The secre-
tary, George H. Boker, in forwarding the invitation, said : " The
freedom of our house is offered to your members individually, at
all times, during the sessions of your useful and patriotic conven-
tion in this city."
The thanks of tlie Encampment were tendered the Union
League for tlieir hospitality.
Administration of 8. A. Hurlbut. 83
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The following were elected officers : Commander-in-Chief, John
A. Logan, Illinois ; Senior Vice-Commander-in-Cliief, Joshna T.
Owen, Pennsylvania ; Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Jos. E.
Hawley, Connecticut ; Adjutant-General, N. P. Chipman, Potomac ;
Inspector-General, Edward Jardine, New Jersey ; Quartermaster-
General, T. C. Campbell, Ohio ; Surgeon-General, Dr. John Bell,
Iowa ; Chaplain-General, Eev. A. H. Quint, Massachusetts.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
Connecticut, E. W. Whitaker ; Illinois, Julius C. White ; Indi-
ana, Chas. Cruft ; Iowa, Thos. I. Sanders ; Kansas, Jno. A. Mar-
tin ; Louisiana, H. C, Warmouth ; Maryland, A. W. Denison ;
Maine, M. T. AVentworth ; Massachusetts, A. S. Cushman ; Michi-
gan, William Phelps ; Minnesota, J. A. Ege ; Missouri, T. C.
Fletcher ; New Hampshire, T>. J. Yaughn ; New Jersey, G. Cum-
mings ; NeAV York, Theo. B. Gates ; Ohio, H. B. Banning ; Penn-
sylvania, Jno. F. Hartranft ; Potomac, N. P. Chipman ; Rhode
Island, James Shaw, Jr. ; Tennessee, H. D. Grant ; Wisconsin, J.
K. Proudfit.
CHAPTER yil.
AD:\IIXISTIIATI0N of commander-in-chief JOHN A. LOGAN—
THllU) ANNUAL SESSION, CINCINNATI, MAY 12, 1869— MEETING
(JF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION, PHILADEL-
PHIA, OCTOBER 1, 1868, AND SPECIAL SESSION, NATIONAL EN-
CAMPMENT, NEW YORK, OCTOBER 27, 1869.
General Logan was not present at tlie Philadelphia Encamp-
ment -when elected Commander-in-Chief. He established his
headquarters in Washington, and appointed W. T. Collins Assist-
ant Adjutant-General. The Adjutant-General, N. P. Chipman,
Quartermaster-General, T. C. Campbell, and Inspector-General,
Edward Jardine, had been elected at Philadelphia.
General John Alexander Logan was born near Murphysboro',
Jackson County, Illinois, February 9, 1826. He volunteered for
service in the war with Mexico, was commissioned Lieutenant in
the 1st Illinois Regiment, and afterwards Adjutant. After the
close of that war he studied law and was admitted to the bar in
1851. He was a member of the Illinois Legislature in 1852, '53
and '54, and in 1856 was one of the Presidential Electors on the
Democratic ticket.
He was elected to the 36th Congress, and re-elected in 1860.
He attended the sjjecial session of Congress called by President
Lincoln, July 4, 1861, and was so serving on the eve of the battle
of Bull-Run, when, actuated by a patriotic impulse, he left his
seat and served as a private with the 2d Michigan Yolunteers in
that battle. The defeat of our army only stimulated his patriotic
ardor, and he returned to his constituents, noted for their adher-
ence to their jiartisan convictions, and by his earnest appeals
Avrought a radical change in their opinions. He at once com-
menced recruiting the 31st Illinois Volunteer Regiment, was com-
missioned Colonel August 10, 1861, and a few weeks later led his
regiment in a brilliant charge at Belmont.
He commanded liis regiment at Fort Henry and Avas wounded
at Donelsou. After liis recovery he reported for duty to Gen-
eral Grant at Pittsburg Landing, and on March 5, 1862, was
[84]
Administration of John A. Logan. 85
made Brigadier-General of Volunteers. In the May following he
gained additional laurels by his skillful work in the siege of
Corinth, and after the occupation of the town his brigade guarded
the rail communications with Jackson, Tennessee. He was made
a Major-General November 29, 1862, in recognition of his skill
and bravery during Grant's campaign along the Mississij^pi. He
took a conspicuous part in the battle of Port Gibson, and that
of Raymond on May 12, helped to drive the rebels out of Jackson
two days later, and was in the battle of Champion Hill. He
commanded the center in the siege of Yicksburg, and his column
first entered the city after the surrender, July 4, 1863. He was
appointed Military Governor of the city, and was presented with
a gold medal, the badge of the Seventeenth Army Corps. During
that year he visited the North and made several eloquent Union
speeches. The following winter he Avas stationed at Huntsville,
Alabama, having succeeded General Sherman as Commander
of the Fifteenth Army Corps. Early in the summer of 1864
the Division of the Mississij^pi was preparing for " Sherman's
march to the sea." General Logan led the Army of the Tennessee
on the right of the march, and was successively engaged in the
battle of Resaca, in the repulse of Hardee's forces at Dallas,
at Kenesaw Mountain, and in the battle of Atlanta where
General McPherson fell. General Logan at once took command,
and his men fought with such desperate fury that 8,000 confed-
erate dead were left on the field. General Logan also took part
in the battle at Ezra Church. In fact, he particijDated in every
battle of that historic campaign ending in the fall of Atlanta.
After this, at the special request of Mr. Lincoln, he made num-
erous speeches in the Western States. He joined his command
again at Savannah, and marched with Sherman through the
Carolinas, and after Johnston's surrender, to Washington. He
was appointed to succeed General Howard in the command of the
Army of the Tennessee, on May 23, 1865.
General Logan was mustered-out of service late in 1865, and
in that year President Johnson offered him the position of Minis-
ter to Mexico, which he declined. The Republicans of Illinois
elected him to represent the State at large in Congress by over
60,000 majority. He was one of the managers on the part of the
House in the impeachment trial of Andrew Johnson in the spring
of 1867. He was returned to the House of Representatives in
1868 and 1870, but in 1871 he was elected to the Senate to succeed
8(5 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
Senator Yates. His term expired in 1877, when David Da^vxa svas
cliosen to succeed him. Tlie Republicans in the Illinois J legisla-
ture then had only two majority on joint ballot, and three of the
Republicans voted with the Democrats for Mr. Davis. Two years
later he was elected to succeed United States Senator Oglesby.
He introduced and supported many bills concerning pensions and
rewards to soldiers, and showed a deep and practical interest in
army matters in general.
In 1884 he was the candidate of the Republican party for
Vice-President.
General Logan was married in 1855 to Miss Mary Cunning-
ham, of Shawneetown, Illinois. Mrs. Logan is a woman of great
force of character and intellectual endowments, and took as deep
an interest in his political work as she did during the war in his
military career, and by her presence, with the General, at a large
number of military reunions, she became a great favorite of the
old soldiers.
General Logan was an eloquent and convincing speaker. His
oration at the tomb of General Grant, at Riverside, was a magnif-
icent tribute to the brother soldier, whose confidence he fully
possessed.
He died in AVashington, December ''IG, 1886. At the Metro-
politan Church in Washington, of which General Logan was a
member, a Memorial Tablet has been erected, bearing the inscrip-
tion :
" To the deathless memory of Maj.-Gen. Johu Alexander Logau. Six years in
the House of Representatives ; three times elected to the Senate of the United States ;
40 years in official life. Great statesman of the mighty West ; commander of the
Army of the Tennessee, and foremost Volunteer General of the Republic he loved
so well. Victorious in arms; illustrious in council; esteemed wortliy the highest
honors of his country. Noblest tyj^e of American manhood, generous, frank, brave;
incorruptible patriot, honorable citizen, faithful friend, devoted husband, beloved
parent, sincere Christian. "I lmnil)ly trust in God. If this is the end, I am ready.'"
General Logan served three terms as Commander-in-Chief of
the Grand Army of the Republic. At the time of his death he
was a member of General U. S. Grant Post No. 28, Chicago.
General Joshua T. Owen, Senior Yice-Coramander-in-Chief,
was born, Marcli '2*.», LS'21, in AVal(>s. In LSMO his father settled in
Baltimore, Avhere young Owen learned printing, but afterwards
graduated from Jefferson College, Pliiladeli)hia. In 1847 the
Administration of John A. Logan. 87
family removed to Philadelphia, where he studied law and was
admitted to the bar in 1852. He took an active interest in poli-
tics, was elected, as a Democrat, member of Common Council in
1856, and of the State Legislature in 1858. On the morning fol-
lowing the firing on Fort Sumter General Owen enlisted as a
Private in the First Troop, Philadelphia City Cavalry, but was
soon chosen Colonel 24th Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers.
At the termination of the three months service he organized the
69th Pennsylvania Volunteers, composed mainly of men of Irish
birth and lineage. General Owen served actively as Regimental
and as Brigade Commander, and received honorable mention from
his Division, Corps and Army Commanders ; was promoted Brig-
adier-General for conspicuous gallantry at Glendale. In 1866
General Owen was President of the Philadelphia Council, " Boys
in Blue," and as their candidate for Recorder of Deeds received
the nomination and was elected. He was a charter member of
Post 2, Philadelphia. He died at Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia,
November 7, 1887.
General Joseph R. Hawley, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief,
was born in North Carolina, October 31, 1826. His parents were
Connecticut people, and in 1837 moved to Farmington, Connecticut.
He graduated from Hamilton College in 1847, then studied law and
taught school. Returned to Connecticut in 1849, and comj)leted
his law studies, locating in Hartford. He was a delegate to the
Free-Soil Convention at Pittsburgh in 1852, and in 1856 was a
member of the National Republican Convention in Philadelphia.
In 1857 he became one of the proprietors of the Hartford Press,
afterwards merged in the Hartford Courant.
He was the first man to enlist in Connecticut, and went out as
Captain, Company A, 1st Connecticut Volunteers, in the three
months service. Was afterwards commissioned Lieutenant-Col-
onel 7th Connecticut Volunteers, and succeeded Colonel Terry
on the latter's promotion as Brigadier-General.
He was promoted Brigadier-General, U. S. V., September 17,
1864, and brevetted Major-General, to date September 28, 1865.
He was in service during the war with the 10th and 24th Corps,
during the latter part of his service as Chief of Staff to Major
General Terry. Mustered-out in January, 1866.
He was elected Governor of Connecticut in 1866 ; Member of
Congress in 1872, re-elected in 1874 and again in 1878, He
88 Grand Army of the Republic.
entered the U. S. Senate March -Ith, 18()1, was re-elected iu 1887,
and is now so serving (1888),
He was President of the Centennial Commission in 1873, and
for three years devoted his time and talents to making the Inter-
national Exposition a grand success.
General Norton P. Chipman, Adjutant-General, was horn in
Milford Centre, Ohio, March 7th, 1831. He removed to Washing-
ton, Iowa, in 1815, where later he practiced law. He entered the
army as a Private, and Avas promoted to ha Second Lieutenant of
the 2d Iowa Infantry, the first three years regiment from that
State. Promoted to Adjutant and Major of his regiment. Was
severely wounded at Fort Donelson. Appointed Colonel and Aid-
de-Camp in the regular army, and served as Chief of Staff to
General Curtis. AVas detailed by President Lincoln on several
dangerous and important missions. He served as Judge-Advocate
of several military courts, and at the trial of Wirz, the Anderson-
ville prison keeper, charged with cruelty to prisoners of war. At
the close of the war he was brevetted Brigadier-General. He
was Secretary of the Territorial Government of the District of
Columbia at its organization, and was the Delegate to Congress
from that District in the 42d and 43d Congress.
He moved to California in 1875, and is now interested in man-
ufacturing enterprises at Red Bluff, California.
T. C. Campbell, Quartermaster-General, was born in Roches-
ter, New York, April 27th, 1845, and enlisted, on his sixteenth
birthday, in the three months service. He was afterwards com-
missioned Captain in the 103d New York Volunteers, and Avas
mustered-out in 1865.
He joined the Grand Army of the Republic in 1866, and was
Commander of his Post when but 21 years of age. In May, 1867,
one year before the issue of General Logan's Memorial Day order,
he recommended to his Post that the Posts of Cincinnati parade
as a body to Spring-Grove Cemetery to decorate the graves of
their dead coinrades. He was admitted to the bar in 1870, and
Avas city Prosecuting Attorney from 1871 to 1875.
General EmvAUi) Jaudine, Inspector-General. See portrait
and Sketch, Chapter XIII.
Group of National Officees, 1868.
Administration of John A. Logan.
89
Rev. A. H. Quint, D. D., Cliaplain-in-Chief, served from Juue
20, 1861, to May 25, 1864, as Chaplain 2d Massachusetts Volim-
teer Infantry.
Dr. John Bell.
Dr. John Bell, Surgeon-
General, served as Assistant
Surgeon, and afterwards Sur-
geon, 9th Iowa Cavalry, and
was mustered-out at the close
of the war. He ranked high
in his profession, and one noted
ojjeration made by him was that
of cutting into a man's stomach
and removing a piece of lead
that had been accidentally swal-
lowed.
Dr. Bell died in Dallas, Tex.,
February 5, 1888, and his body
was taken to his former home
at Wapello, Iowa, and there
buried.
When Headquarters were established correspondence was at
once opened with the Departments, and with veterans, in States
and Territories then without any Grand Army organization.
Permanent and Provisional Departments were rapidly organized.
Twenty-one general orders were issued during the year, several
announcing decisions upon points of Grand Army law. In Gen-
eral Orders No. 1, January 21, 1868, the objects of the organization
were fully recited, Avith a view to reaching the general public
through the press, and General Logan added for the members of
the Order : " All those characteristics which made you good
soldiers in war must follow you into the Grand Army of the Re-
public, to distinguish you there as they did in the camp and on
the battlefield. Every comrade should properly estimate his own
influence in carrying out the high aims of our Order, and none
can be excused from a proper discharge of his duty under the
false impression that his voice or his hand is not needed. You
never could have put down the rebellion except by individual
efforts united, and you cannot now secure the results you seek on
any other principle."
90 Grand Army of the Republic.
memorial day,
Early in May, 1868, Adjutant-General Chipmau received a let-
ter from some comrade then living, as lie remembers, in Cincin-
nati, in which the writer referred to the fact that he had served as
a private soldier in the Union Army ; that in his native country,
Germany, it was the custom of the people to assemble in the
spring-time and scatter flowers upon the graves of the dead.
He suggested that the Grand Army of the Republic inaugurate
such an observance in memory of the Union dead.
General Chipman thought the suggestion most opportune, and
at once made a rough draft of a General Order covering this
subject, and laid it, with the letter referred to, before General
Logan.
General Logan warmly approved the Order, himself adding
several paragraphs. The date selected, May 30, was with the idea
of using one of the spring months because of their poetical asso-
ciations, and also to make it late in the last spring month, that it
might be possible to find flowers in the New England and extreme
Northern States.
The Order reads as follows :
Headquarters Grand Army of the Republic, )
Washington, D. C, May 5, 1868. f
General Orders, }
No. 11. f
I. The 30th day of May, 1868, is designated for the purpose of strewing with
flowers, or otherwise decorating the graves of comrades who died in defense of their
country during the late rebellion, and whose bodies now lie in almost every city,
village and hamlet churchyard in the land. In this observance no form of ceremony
is prescribed, but Posts and comrades will in their own way arrange such fitting
services and testimonials of respect as circumstances may permit.
We are organized, comrades, as our Regulations tell us. for the purpose, among
other things, " of preserving and strengthening those kind and fraternal feelings
which have bound together the soldiers, .sailors and marines who united to suppress
the late rebellion." What can aid more to assure this result than b}' cherishing ten-
derly the memory of our heroic dead, who made their breasts a barricade between
our country and its foes'? Their soldier lives were the reveille of freedom to a race
in chains, and their deaths the tattoo of rebellious tyranny in arms. We should guard
their graves with sacred vigilance. All that the consecrated wealth and taste of the
nation can add to their adornment and security is but a fitting tribute to the memory
of her slain defenders. Let no wanton foot tread rudely on such hallowed grounds.
Let pleasant paths invite the coming and going of reverent visitors and fond mourn-
ers. Let no vandalism of avarice or neglect, no ravages of time, testify to the present
or to the coming generations that we have forgotten as a people the co.st of a free and
undivided republic.
If other eyes grow dull and other hands slack, and other liearts cold in the .solemn
trust, ours shall keep it well as long as the light and warmth of life remain to us.
Administration of John A. Logan. 91
Let us, then, at the time appointed, gather around their sacred remains and gar-
land the passionless mounds above them with the choicest flowers of springtime; let
us raise above them the dear old tlag they saved from dishonor; let us in this solemn
presence renew our pledges to aid and assist those whom they have left among us, a
sacred charge upon a nation's gratitude — the soldier's and sailor's widow and orphan.
II. It is the purpose of the Commander-in-Chief to inaugurate this observance
with the hope that it will be kept up from year to year, while a survivor of the war
remains to honor the memory of his departed comrades. He earnestly desires the
public press to call attention to this Order, and lend its friendly aid in bringing it to
the notice of comrades in all parts of the country in time for simultaneous compli-
ance therewith.
III. Department Commanders will use every effort to make this Order effective.
By command of JOHN A. LOGAN, Coinmanderin-Chief.
N. P. CHIPMAN,
Adjuta lit- General.
There were many who at first doubted the wisdom of institut-
ing such an observance. It was claimed that it would unneces-
sarily keep alive memories of the war, and foster animosities that
should be buried in oblivion.
Other objections were made to the expense, and that the money
for music and flowers could be more wisely sjjent on the living.
The Grand Army has answered this latter by increasing its
benefactions year by year, and no good citizen has at any time
had reason to observe any force in the first objection. It is a
matter of great regret that the name of the comrade who first
called the attention of General Chipman to this subject cannot
now be recalled.
During the war there had been many instances of the decora-
tion of soldiers' graves, and earlier than the date of this Order a
*' Decoration Day " had been generally observed by ex-Confeder-
ates in the Southern States.
General John B. Murray, then a resident of Waterloo, New
York, on Sunday, May 27tli, 1866, marshalled a number of ex-sol-
diers in that village who decorated the graves of their dead com-
rades amid appropriate ceremonies?. GeDeral Murray claimed
during his life that he had spoken of this to General Logan at one
of the Army re-unions. It is also stated that Posts in Cincinnati,
upon the suggestion of T. C. Campbell, afterwards Quartermaster-
General, paraded in 1867 for the purpose of decorating the graves
of their dead comrades.
General Chipman, however, distinctly remembers the incident
as already related, which directly resulted in the issue of the Gen-
eral Orders instituting a Memorial Day.
92 Grand Ahmy of the EEruBLic.
Adjiitant-Geueral Chipman in his report referred to Memorial
Day as follows :
Probably no oue act ia your administration has done more to cement the brother-
hood of our Order, and to remove any prejudice that might remain in the minds of
the public against it. than the inauguration of the practice of an annual commemora-
tion to the memory of our departed comrades, The day set apart last year was ob-
serva'd iu all Departments, and by almost all the Posts, and with the most gratifying
results. If this feature alone was the result of the organization, I think the estab-
lishment of a national memorial day a sufficient reward to our comrades for all they
have done, and this alone would be motive sufficient to perpetuate our Order. No
other society was in a position to originate the observance, and probably no other
would have done so. Now, it is an established national ceremonial day. The Con-
gress of the United States unanimously passed the resolution, introduced by your.>elf ,
providing for the publication, in book form, of the proceedings had throughout the
United States on the 30th of May, 1868, and it is believed that Congress will provide
for the future annual publication of the reports of the>e commemorative observ-
ances.
The order directing the ceremonies to be held this year has been issued, and there
is every evidence that they will be more impo,sing than heretofore. The press
throughout the land commend the movement in the highest terms, and the heartiest
CO operation is given our comrades on the part of citizens generally.
Memorial Day is now a legal holiday in the following States :
Pennsylvania, New York, Rhode Island, Colorado, Connecticut,
Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey,
Vermont and Ohio.
There has been an impression that, under General Logan, the
Grand Army of the Republic was used to further the political
ends of himself and of his party. This impression is erroneous,
for the political work of the Grand Army of the Republic had
spent its force and produced the results previously referred to be-
fore his election as Commander-in-Chief. General Logan was op-
posed to any partisan action by Posts, and so placed himself on
record in his official addresses to the Order.
One matter that occurred after General Logan's election as
Coiimiauder-in-chief, that by some may be assumed as having a
political bias, should be here recorded. President Johnson, in
August, 1867, had requested the resignation of Secretary Stanton.
Mr. Stanton refused to resign, and General Grant was appointed
Secretary of War, ad interim. General Grant so served until Jan-
uary 13, 18(58, when the Senate refused to concur in the removal
of Mr. Stanton, and General Grant at once left the War Office and
Mr. Stanton Un>k possession. On February 21st, an order was
issued by the President dismissing Secretary Stanton from office,
Administration of John A. Logan. 93
and appointing Adjutant-General Lorenzo Thomas, Secretary, cid
interim, but Mr. Stanton refused to acknowledge the legality of
the order. Mrs. Logan has described what followed in an article
in the National Tribune :
Mr. Stanton refused to surrender the office, and ordered Gen. Thomas to return
to his desk and duties in the Adjutant-General's office. Mr. Stanton's courage and
coolness at this critical moment meant much to this country; but to stand single
handed and alone and thwart the unknown schemes of this mendacious President
was more than he felt he could do. Neither did the patriotic men of the Nation
intend he should. For some time the movemeui;s of the President had been watched
most critically by men who had decided that he should not betray the party and the
country.
Gen. Logan was then Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic.
He lost no time in seeking Secretary Stanton, and assured him that that organization
was prepared for the emergency, explaining to him that at that moment a great many
of these men were quietly patrolling the city of Washington, ready at a moment's
notice to take up the arms they had so recently laid aside, if need be, to protect the
Government and maintain its supremacy, and that he would be sustained. Mr.
Stanton remained night and day in the Department, expecting an attempt would be
made to remove him by force, and aware that the moment he should leave his office
Thomas would take possession. He had his meals served in his office, and at night
couches were placed there also, and Secretary Stanton and General Logan slept there
till the trouble was settled. Gen. Logan attended upon his duties in the House of
Representatives during the day— met his staff of the Grand Army of the Republic in
his rooms at Willard s Hotel at nightfall. They carried out his orders as to the
posting of sentinels, and being ready at a signal to assemble at the War Department,
.should a forcible ejectment of the war-tried Secretary be attempted Few persons
here to-day know of the part then played by the Grand Army of the Republic, with
Gen. Logan at tlieir head, or of the salutary effect it had at that time. By some means
Mr. Johnson was advised of what w^as being done, and that Gen. Logan stayed with
Stanton in the War Department at night. He spoke to Gen. Logan about the matter.
Gen. Logan assured him that, had he tried the execution of his plans to take forcible
possession of the War Department and control of the Army, for the furtherance and
perpetuation of his power, he would have found that the volunteer soldiery were
ready to respond to the call of their country, and to protect the loyal people of the
unreconstructed States.
General Chipman, in referring to this incident many years
after, said : " Of course this was outside the ' Eegulations,' but
none of us supposed for a moment we were not engaged in
the performance of a high and important trust ; and most cer-
tainly if President Johnson had attempted to forcibly eject Mr.
Stanton by military power, the members of our Posts, without ex-
ception, at that time, would have rallied to Mr. Stanton's support
and would have laid down their lives in his defence. My old
comrades of the District of Columbia did not all know what was
meant by having arms and ammunition issued to them, but they
9-4 (tKANI) AltMV OF THE REPUBLIC.
will doubtless remember the fact." " One uiglit," said General
Chipmau, "when I was on guard, and several prominent persons
were spending the early evening with the Secretary, a parcel was
brought in l)y a messenger which proved to be a box of very fine
cigars. In the box was the donor's card, and on the back was
written the following :
" If thou, O sleepless son of Mars,
Can'st cheer thy vigils with cigars,
I send thee these, and thus invoke,
That all thy troubles end in smoke."
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF ADMINISTKATION.
The National Council of Administration met on October 1,
1868, in the quarters of Post No. 1, Philadelphia, pursuant to
General Orders No. 17, dated September 4.
Comrade James Shaw, Jr., presided in the absence of the
Commander-in-chief, and of the Senior and Junior Vice-Com-
manders-in-Chief.
The Council made a change in the Badge of the organization,
to which further reference is made under a sjDecial chapter.
They appointed a committee " to revise the Ritual and the
Rules and Regulations, to consider the subject of Degree's, and
to recommend a Uniform, to report at the next meeting of the
National Encampment."
James SliaAv, Jr., Louis Wagner, Pennsylvania ; Rev. A. H.
Quint, Massachusetts ; O. M. Wilson, Indiana ; T. AV. Higgiuson,
Rhode Island ; Thomas L. Young, Ohio ; F. AV. Sparling, Ten-
nessee, constituted this committee.
Suggestions were invited from comrades generall}', " to aid the
committee in making our Ritual and our Rules and Regulations
worthy of our organization."
The committee held a meeting in New York city, and organized
by electing comrade Shaw, Chairman, and AA^. A\^ Douglas, of
Rhode Island, who had been added to the Committee, was
chosen Secretary. A large number of plans and suggestions, of-
fered in pursuance of the published request, were considered.
The general plan was formulated. Comrades Shaw and Douglas
taking especial charge of the Rules, and Chaplain Quint of the
liitual. The result of the work of this committee is recorded in
the re])ort following of the Cincinnati Encampment. Page 98.
Administration of John A. Logan. 95
THIRD annual SESSION.
The third annual meeting of the National Encampment was
held in Cincinnati May 12, 1869.
General W. H. Baldwin, on behalf of the Committee of Ar-
rangements, made an eloquent address in welcoming the represen-
tatives of the Grand Army to Cincinnati. An appropriate re-
sponse was made by Adjutant-General Chipman.
Commander-in-Chief John A. Logan presided. In his address,
referring to the disbandment of the armies, he said :
In classic days both republican and imperial Rome had been shaken to its centre
by disbanded soldiery, while in Greece and Spain the mountain fastnesses had been
filled with desperadoes from such bodies, whose subsistence was wrung from passing
travellers or peaceful haciendas. Even our neighboring Republic of Mexico had
furnished examples of the danger to mankind of forcing bodies of soldiers from their
avocation to the quiet scenes of ordinary life.
But neither Rome, Greece, Spain nor Mexico was ever tried by such an ordeal as
ours. Their disbanded armies were, in comparison with ours, almost as nothing. In
fact, there is not in human history a case cited, except ours, in which a million of
soldiers were, in a day, removed from belligerent to peaceful life. Probably there is
no government on earth except our own that would have dared to try the experiment.
I am confident there is no other in which such trial would be safe.
No outbreak, no revolution, no disaster of any magnitude has followed the segre-
gation of these million warriors. They sought their homes with joyful hearts and
tuneful voices. There were no tears of mourning over the cast-off trappings and
habiliments of strife. The hand grown cunning in the use of arms applied itself to
the ax, the hammer, the loom and spade. Battle shouts had given place to exultations
over victory, and these, in turn, were followed by the songs of joy, of love and peace,
that sanctify that place of heaven called home.
Very much of this sublime result is due, doubtless, to the form of government
under which we live. Much is attributable to the educational influences among which
we were reared, and much, very much, to the organization known as the "Grand
Army of the Republic."
This Order originated in a desire for mutual protection, aid and education. We
never feared that the toils and sufferings of our soldiery would be forgotten, or fail
to be appreciated by the mass of our countrymen, but we did fear that high officials
might at times be prompted by their selfishness to disregard or neglect us.
Politically, our object is not to mingle in the strifes of parties, but by our
strength and numbers to be able to exact from all a recognition of our rights with
others.
"We desire, further, by this organization, to commemorate the gallantry and suffer-
ings of our comrades, give aid to bereaved families, cultivate fraternal sympathy
among ourselves, find employment for the idle, and generally, by our acts and pre-
cepts, to give the world a practical example of unselfish, manly co-operation.
Thus far our efforts have proved successful. The report of the Adjutant-General
will present fully the history and progress of our Order, and more than sustain our
highest hopes of the future. The burden of many crosses has been lifted from many
hearts. Famishing souls and bodies have been fed. Manly excellence has been devel-
9() (rRAND Army of the Kepublic.
oped and cultivated, while public, social and domestic life amotn? our comrades has
been puritied and blessed through our humane endeavors.
I congratulate you that our Order flourishes now as it never has done before, and
that peace, tranquility and industry are comparatively universal among ourselves
and throughout our national domain.
Let us foster and cherish this benevolent Order, so useful in the past, so beneficent
in the present, and giving such promi.se for the future. Let us unite in vigorous efforts
to extend and perpetuate its power.
While in the flush and strength of manhood we may not fully grasp and realize
the fact that man's true interest lies in doing good; but when the golden bowl of
life is breaking, when our faces become carved in storied hieroglyphics by the
stylus and pantagraph of age, each act of kindness done, each word of kindness
.spoken, will, by natural compensating law, return like the dove of Ararat to the
soul from which it was sent, anil bearing with it branches of unfading green from
the Post 'bevoud the river."
REPORTS OF STAFF OFFICERS.
The report of Adjutant-General Chipman opened with a brief
reference to the formation of the Grand Army, followed by a thor-
ough revieAv of the condition of the Departments, numbering 37,
with about 2,500 Posts. The Adjutant-General made no estimate
of the membership on account of the meagre and unsatisfactory
returns of several large Departments.
Owing to the delinquency of the large Departments in the
West, the receipt of moneys had been but -^1,262.87, while the out-
lay for part payment of old debts, and for the large amount of
supplies required, amounted to $3,004.83, leaving a deficiency of
81,741.96.
There was still due Comrade Stephenson, a balance of $785.56,
and to Comrade J. T. Owen, of Philadelphia, $1,040 for cash ad-
vanced to meet jDrevious indebtedness.
The DejDartments of Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Min-
nesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin were cred-
ited with payment of dues for the term ending June 30, 1868, and
California, Colorado, Kentucky, Maine, New Hamjishire, New
Jersey, Potomac, Rhode Island, South Carolina and Tennessee, in
addition to the Departments above reported, for the term ending
December 31, 1868.
"Tlie arcidves of the org.unzation transmitted to me by the late Adjutant-General
comprised one General Order Hook, one Special Order Book, one Roster of Depart-
meiil^, inci)ni])l('te. a Letter Hook containing a few copies of letters received in No-
vember and December, 1866, and .January, 1867. No files of letters, no books con-
taining copies of letters sent from Headquarters, no books showing the dates of
Administration of John A. LoriAN, 97
organization of Departments, when charters were issued, and to wliom and by what
authority— in short, nothing in this respect which would have been interesting and
which were, indeed, almost indispensable to me in our re-organization, except the
books I have mentioned, could be found.
' ' By these very meagre data I was compelled at first to be guided. You will, from
this, perceive something of the labor devolved upon Headquarters in opening up a
correspondence with the various Departments, and collecting information as to their
origin and condition. In some instances months elapsed before it was possible to
ascertain who were the officers of certain Departments known to have an existence,
and of course during this time neither Regulations nor Rituals could be distributed.
In some instances Departments were established from these Headquarters, and Pro-
visional Commanders appointed, when afterwards it was ascertained that Depart-
ments had already been organized in those localities, and Provisional Commanders
appointed by your predecessor, but of which no record was to be found among the
papers transmitted to me.
"The National Encampment convened at Philadelphia was therefore an era in the
history of our Order. It resulted in the establishment of Headquarters at the National
Capital, which, to a certain extent, not only nationalized the Order, but gave great
facility of communication, and for the first time enabled a correspondence to be
opened with the leading members of the organization, and with the various Depart-
ments and commands throughout the United States. I at once procured and opened
books and records, such as seemed to be necessary to the permanent preservation of
important facts and information connected with the Order.
" I was unable to obtain any official report of the transactions of the organization
prior to the meeting of the Convention at Indianapolis; and what I have given in
other portions of this report with regard to the matter, as I have intimated, are matters
of tradition, rather than official information.
" The books and records which came into my hands furnish no evidence of there
having been reciprocal relations kept up between Posts and Departments and National
Headquarters. Indeed, it would appear that Posts and Departments must have organ-
ized largely upon their own responsibility, and many of them appear not to have
made any report to Headquarters during the administration of General Hurlbut. It
is greatly to be regretted that amid all this rapid growth of the Order and the en-
thusiasm with which it seems to have spread, that there should appear nowhere any
recoi'd of its progress."
The following were appointed a Committee on Credentials: J.
Warren Keifer, Ohio ; G. G. Miner, Tennessee ; S. A. Duncan, Po-
tomac ; K A. Bacliia, New York ; Solon T. Carter, NeAV Hamp-
shire.
The Committee reported as entitled to representation : Cali-
fornia, 3 ; Colorado, 2 ; Kentucky, 2 ; Maine, 5 ; Maryland, 2 ;
Massachusetts, 8 ; Michigan, 2 ; Minnesota, 2 ; New Hampshire,
2 ; New Jersey, 2 ; New York, 7 ; Ohio, 10 ; Pennsylvania, 8 ; Po-
tomac, 2 ; Rhode Island, 2 ; South Carolina, 2 ; Tennessee, 2 ; Wis-
consin, 2.
7
98 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
Illinois, ludiaua, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri were reported
not entitled to representation.
After hearing explanations from the Representatives of these
Departments, it was decided to admit to the privileges of the En-
campment the following : Illinois, 8 ; Indiana, 3 ; Iowa, 1 ; Kan-
sas, 1 ; Missouri, 1 ; making a total of 79 Representatives from 23
Departments present, in addition to the National Officers and
Council of Administration.*
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On Resolutions — Thomas S. Allen, Wisconsin ; A. AY. Denison,
Maryland ; H. G. Armstrong, Ohio ; H. K. Milward, Kentucky ;
R. King Scott, South Carolina.
On Finance — Thomas O. Osborn, Illinois ; "William Ward, New
Jersey ; W. H. Baldwin, Ohio ; James Turnock, Indiana ; A. L.
Pearson, Pennsylvania.
CO-OPERATIVE LIFE INSURANCE.
Comrade E. F. M. Faehtz, Potomac, presented a scheme of
Co-operative Life Insurance, which was referred to a special com-
mittee consisting of Comrades Faehtz, G. F. Potter, New York ;
O. C. Boshyshell, Pennsylvania ; Jas. Shaw, Jr., Rhode Island ;
Jas. W. Denny, Massachusetts.
This committee had charge of the subject for two or three
years, when it w^as finally permitted to drop.
THE RULES AND REGULATIONS.
The important work before the Encampment was the consid-
eration of a Revised Ritual, and an entire change in the Riiles and
Regulations as reported by the special committee of which Com-
rade Jas. Shaw, Jr., was Chairman.
The form of the Rules and Regulations was changed into
Chapters and Articles as at present.
THE GRADE SYSTEM.
Article Y, Chapter 11, provided for a system of Degrees in
three Gnules of raeml)ership : first, the Grade of Recruit ; second,
the Grade of Soldier ; third, the Grade of Veteran.
* The names of meml)er3 of Ihc Council of Adniiuistralion present are not ^.^iven
in the minutes.
Administration op John A. Logan.
90
General James Shaw, Jr.
Eecruits could be advanced to the grade of Soldier only after
two months of service, upon application and a recommendation in
writing by two members of the second grade. An election re-
quired a two-thirds vote at a subsequent meeting. Advancement
to the third or Veteran grade
required the same form as for
the second, excepting that the
applicant must have been a
member of the second grade
at least six months. A ritual,
signs, grips, and passwords
were provided for each grade.
Post meetings were to be
held as of the second grade,
and recruits in the first grade
could be present at such meet-
ings, except during business
pertaining to the proposal or
advancement of recruits to the
second grade. Eecruits were
not eligible to office, or privi-
leged to act, speak or vote.
Soldiers of the second grade were entitled to transact all the
business of the Post, except that pertaining to advancement to
the third grade.
Veterans of the third grade only were eligible to National or
Department Offices, or to membership in the National or Depart-
ment Encampments, or to offices filled by apiDointment of the
Commander-in-Chief or Department Commanders, and to the
offices of Post Commander, Vice-Commanders, Adjutant, Quarter-
master, Surgeon, Chaplai?!, Officer of the Day, or Officer of the
Guard.
The resolutions putting into operation this system of Grades,
briefly stated, were, first : declaring eligible to the third grade all
present and past officers and members of the National Encamp-
ment, and of the several Department Encampments, and all pre-
sent and past officers of Posts, and all who had been members of
the Grand Army of the Republic for eight months, provided that
their dues were fully paid and that they took the several obliga-
tions of these grades prior to September 1. All other members
in good standing were to constitute the Second grade, provided
or-
100 Grand Army of the Republic.
tliey should he free from dues and take the obligations of the first
and second grades prior to September 1.
This practically legislated out of the Grand Army of the Re-
public all who should refuse or neglect to take the new obliga-
tions. In considering the disajjpointing results of this new de-
parture, it must be remembered that the Order was then in a
condition of great depression, and that some change seemed abso-
lutely necessary to maintain the membership and stimulate re-
cruiting. Other societies had different systems of Degrees, and
it was believed that the introduction of some such system was
essential to the Grand Army.
The chief labor now fell on officers of Posts and Departments
in inducing members to take the new obligations and thus estab-
lish their membership. This met with earnest and decided oppo-
sition. Members claimed that they were already in full member-
ship in the Grand Army, and could not be so legislated out.
Many Post Commanders refused to make any effort to have their
Posts accept the system, preferring to allow them to disband.
The time fixed for dropping those who so refused was extended
from time to time, with little difference in the result, for hundreds
of Posts and thousands of members disappeared from the rolls of
the Grand Army. Of those who remained there was a large
number who deemed the radical changes a grave error of judg-
ment. The expense alone was a serious item, for all the books
had to be changed, and it required considerable clerical ability to
make out reports.
Having been mustered into the United States service upon a
simple obligation, members now strongly objected to such com-
plicated manceuvers as were required in passing from one grade
to another in the Grand Army, and recruits, full of enthusiasm
when they joined, were disgusted at having to wait two months
V)efore having a vote. After two years of trial the system was
entirely abolished.
Previous to the adoption of the grades it had been claimed
that 240,000 members were enrolled. Less than 20,000 remained
when the system was abolished. This apparently heavy loss,
however, cannot be charged to this act.
The claim which had been made for such a large membership
ill LS(J()-'G7, was not sustained by any reports sent to headquarters,
and Adjutant-General Chipman was careful not to hazard even an
estimate of the raem})ership, because, after mouths of effort on
Administration of John A. Logan. 101
his part, Departments claiming an aggregate of over 1,300 Posts
had made no returns. Under the new system each Post had to be
accounted for, and payment of dues made on members actually
reported. This secured substantially correct reports. Under
the old system estimates or claims of membership cost Dej)art-
ments nothing.
The Committee on Resolutions reported the following ;
Whereas, the organization known as the Grand Army of the Republic is founded
upon the glorious and world-wide embracing principles of fraternity, charity, and
loyalty to our flag and country ; and
Whereas, its success in the past is the best guarantee of its future prosperity; and
Whereas, the welfare of our living comrades, and that of the orphans and widows
of the honored dead, and the maintenance of oiu* sacred principles, demand renewed
efforts in its behalf; therefore, by the National Encampment, through the represen-
tatives here assembled, be it
Resolved, That the destiny of the Grand Army of the Republic is not fulfilled,
until it shall embrace within its protective folds every one of the million of honor-
ably discharged soldiers of the several arms of the service during the late war of
the rebellion; until the families of those requiring assistance are beyond the reach of
want, and their children properly educated and cared for by the country ; and until
the last faithful veteran soldier has surrendered without dishonor to the Great Con-
queror of all mankind, and has been released from his bonds, and mustered into a
grander army above.
Resolved, That it is through this organization alone that the bonds of fraternal
feeling can be successfully sustained and strengthened, and the electric currents of
sympathy and brotherly affection, boru of common toil and danger, be evolved and
hastened in their courses through the thousand hearts scattered over the wide expanse
of our ever growing empire.
Resolved, That that charity which speaks through kind actions and benevolent
deeds and sacrificing efforts for those associated with us shall ever be one of our car-
dinal principles, and carefully exemplified in our practice.
Resolved, That we shall cling to the principles and practices of loyalty to flag and
country, with the same pertinacity and energy with which we sustained it in the field;
and that no foe, foreign or domestic, shall ever find us backward iu rushing to the
rescue of the Government we have saved, by whatever danger it may be assailed ;
that our hearts still beat time to the " music of the Union," and will ever be found
vibrating in harmony with the pulsations of the national life.
Resolved, That whatsoever suspicion of political nature may have heretofore at-
tached to the Grand Army of the Republic as to its being a political organization,
that we hereby declare it above and independent of all partisan feeling and action,
and actuated only by a determination to sustain to the fullest extent the principles
so clearly defined in the rules and regulations adopted by the National Encampment,
and embracing only the patriotic duties enjoined by charity, fraternity and loyalty
to flag and country, including a just condemnation of that fell spirit of rebellion,
which would have destroyed not only the country, but rooted liberty itself out of
the land.
Resolved, That in the name of our comrades scattered throughout this broad land,
we desire to express our gratitude to the citizens and legislators of those States
which have established homes and schools for the maintenance and education of the
102 CrEAND AllMY OF THE IIePUBLIC.
orphans of our decease 1 brethren, and that we invoke the blessings of Heaven upon
them. And that we earnestly urge upon the citizens and legislators of those Stiites
where no such jirovision has been made, to take immediate steps to fulfill the obliga-
tions imposed upon them by the casualties of the late war, and to redeem their
pledges made to the brave volunteers, to care for their families during their absence,
and in case of their death, by establishing homes for both orphans and widows, so
far.as their necessities may demand.
Ih'xoUrd, That the pledges and recommendations made by conventions and legis-
lative bodies to give preference to soldiers (otlier things being equal) for appointment
to civil avocations and Government positions, whereby our disabled comrades might
serve both the country and themselves at the same time, and be enabled to earn an
honest a id honorable livelihood, are daily impressed upon our minds by the fact that
their claims for labor and position are, in many portions of our country, almost en-
tirel}' ignored, and that, in the name of our crippled comrades, we re-;pectfully ask
the honorable redemption of those pledges.
Resolved, That the thanks of this Encampment are hereby tendered to the Com-
mander in-Chief , and the Adjutant-General and his assistants, for their self-sacrific-
ing and efficient labors during the past year, in the organization and building up of
our Order.
Jiesolred, That the soldiers, citizens, and authorities of the beautiful city of Cin-
cinnati are hereby requested to receive our hearty thanks for the facilities furnished
us, and the interest manifested in our behalf, and that their kindness and good-fel-
lowship will hereafter be cherished among our fondest recollections.
liefiolci'd. That the thanks of this convention be returned to the Commander of
the Department, to the Posts of Cincinnati, Cincinnati authorities, railroads, and
citizens of the city, for the cordial reception extended to the members of the National
Encampment.
The resolutions Avere uuanimously adopted.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The election of officers resulted as follows :
Co)itiiinmler-in- Chief, John A. Logan (re-elected).
Senior Vice- Commander-in-Chief, Lucius Fairchild, Wisconsin.
Junior Vice- Commander-in-Chief, Joseph R. Hawley, Connec-
ticiit.
Surgeon- Genend, S. B. Wylie Mitchell, Pennsylvania.
Ch'ipJain-in-Chief Rev. A. H. QuiNT, D. D., Massachusetts.
Council of Administrafion^Ciil, J. F. Miller; Del., Frank No-
len ; 111., R. M. Hough ; Tnd., W. AV. Dudley ; Iowa, Joseph B.
Lci.iko ; Ken., AVm. Boden ; Md., Andrew W. Denison ; Mass., J.
Waldo Denny ; Mich., Oliver L. Si)alding ; Minn., Frank E. Dag-
gett ; Mo., G. Harry Stone ; N. H., S. T. Carter ; N. J., James F.
Rusling ; N. Y., R. A. Bachia ; Me., George L. Beale ; Oliio, Harry
G. Armstrong; Penn., O. C. Bosl>yshell ; Potomac, Samuel A.
Duncan ; R. I., James Shaw, Jr. ; S. C, R. King Scott ; Tenn., G.
Administration of John A. Logan. 103
G. Minor ; Texas, E. J. Davis ; Vt., George J. Staunard ; AV. Ya.,
Charles J. Wickersliam ; Wis., George P. Goodwin.
Under the new Rules the Adjutant-General, Quartermaster-
General, Inspector-General, and Judge-Advocate-General, the lat-
ter a new office, were to be appointed by the Commander-in-
Chief.
SPECIAL MEETING OF THE NATION^M. ENCAMPMENT.
NEW YOFiK, OCTOBER 27, 1869.
A special meeting of the National Encampment was held in
NeAv York city, Wednesday, October 27, 1869, in the Lodge room
over Booth's Theatre.
The business requiring this special session, as stated in the
call, was to consider :
1. The extension of time for muster-in grades beyond the lirst day of September
to old comrades.
3. To adopt or reject the report of the committee appointed to look into the
practicability of connecting a life insurance plan with the Grand Army of the Re-
public .
3. To adopt a badge, commission and certificate of membership for the organiza-
tion.
4. To consider several other subjects of importance which will be brought before
the Encampment.
The Encampment, after full consideration, adopted resolutions
substantially as follows :
1. That all members of the Order then in good standing should
be entitled to the third grade.
2. The adoption of a new membership badge. (See the chapter
on Badges.)
3. The reference to a committee, consisting of the Commander-
in-Chief and Senior and Junior Yice-Commanders-in-Chief, of the
project of co-operative life insurance, with power to procure a
charter from Congress should they deem it advisable.
A communication was presented by Comrade James Shaw, Jr.,
of Rhode Island, which was heartily endorsed by the Encampment,
suggesting that comrades should be detailed in each Post to pre-
pare and read papers giving " personal reminiscences of the war,"
to contain such facts as came under the personal observation of
the writer ; that a report be made of all such papers, giving the
lOJ: Gkaxd Akmy of the Republic.
subject, date, aud uanie of writer of each paper, so that a complete
index could be made for reference at National Headquarters.
This subject was referred to in General Orders No. 6, dated
November 4, 1869, as follows :
It is earuestly recommeuded that every Post of our orgauizatioti should at once
adopt and euter into the plau submitted by comrade Shaw for collecting "personal
remiuiscenses of the war."
Truthfully it has been said, that we have, as the bequest of this vast war, materi-
als for a literature richer, more copious and more varied than the annals of any
nation ever furnished its sons and daughters. It will not be the least or the meanest
influence of our fellowship if it helps to inspire the fellowship of letters to put in
undyiug forms the memorial of eventful deeds in which we have borne a part. The
fair record of the lives and deeds of our comrades in arms is one thing we have at
heart— one of the dear and inspiring pm-poses of our organization ; and if other men
prove themselves indifferent about the creation and preservation of such just and
enduring memorials of the country's defenders, we who knew and shared the costly
experience must see to it that the grave be not allowed to seal up from human eye
and thought such patriotic consistency and heroic deeds.
The Encampment received from Mr. Norman Wiard a line
satirical jDainting in oil, by W. H. Davis, of Port Jefiferson, Long
Island, entitled " Done gone Secesh." It was suggested that it
should be copied and sold to raise funds for relief purposes.
In presenting this picture to General Logan, for the Grand
Army of the Eepublic, Mr. Wiard said :
Soon after I received it from the artist, W. H. Davis, of Port Jefferson, L. I., I
brought it to Washington to exhibit it to Mr. Lincoln, thinking its grim humor
might enliven his careworn spirit if it was presented at the appropriate time, and I
had the satisfaction to notice that the great man took great interest in it. He saw
speaking points in it not before discovered, and took new hope from it, saying it was
prophetic. In 1864 the war had not ended, and the President seemed so much to
enjoy it. that I soon took occasion, in the presence of a mutual friend, to ask him to
accept it as a present for the decoration of his private otlice, after he had ceased to
be President. He said " No ;" and added, " let me keep it here a while— it seems like
a friend; and after the war is over, and secession is buried indeed, give it to some
soldier who, in your opinion, has done most to put down the rebellion."
At the first ending of the war I saw no dilliculty whatever in deciding which
particular soldier should have the picture. I only waited for a favorable opportunity
to present it. I "hesitated and was lost;" and from that time to the present I have
become more and more undecided as to the soldier, until it has lately occurred to me
to present it to the Grand Army of the Republic as a body, as the appropriate and
proper thing to do. Their soldierly qualities are undoubted; their patriotism, skill,
and bravery overcame and buried secession.
I desire you, sir, to accept "I)one(ione" on behalf of the organization which
you command, and should be gratiiied to learn that it is to be preserved at "Head-
quarters " as long as the organization continues.
xiDMINISTRATION OF JOHN A. LOGAN. 105
I further desire to suggest that the picture might be duplicated by photography
or chromo-lithography, and copies presented by subscription from outside friends to
each Post under your command. If properly managed, this plan might be made the
means of raising a fund for the benefit of the widows and orphans of those soldiers
who do not belong to your command, but who would have been in your ranks if
they had lived If I could promote such an enterprise by any personal exertion, I
shall be most happy to do so.
The thanks of the Encampment were cordially tendered to Mr.
Wiard, and a committee, consisting of Comrades N. P. Chipman,
S. A. Duncan, and Chris. C. Cox, was appointed to consider
whether some plan could be devised to use the painting in aid of
the charity fund of the Order.
CHAPTER VIII.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF JOHN A. LOGAN
(SECOND TERM) -FOURTH ANNUAL SESSION, WASHINGTON,
MAY 11, 1870.
General Chipman, by pressure of professional business, felt it
necessary that lie should resign his position as Adjutant-Gen-
eral.
He had so thoroughly devoted himself to bringing order out
of confusion, and so well succeeded in placing the work of Na-
tional Headquarters on a thorough business basis that his retire-
ment at this time was a matter of general regret. He, however,
consented to serve as Judge-Advocate-General, and the decisions
rendered during his term evince that same careful attention to
details which made his administration of the Adjutant-General's
office so valuable to the Grand Army of the Republic.
He was succeeded by W. T. Collins, of Minnesota, who had
efficiently served the previous term as Assistant Adjutant-Gen-
eral.
Adjutant-General Collins had been in service during the war
as Sergeant 2d United States Sharpshooters. He was badly
wounded at Rappahannock Station, Virginia, August 22, 1862,
resulting in the loss of a leg above the knee. He became a mem-
ber of John A. Rawlins Post No. 1, Washington, D. C, October
12, 1866, and was afterwards a charter member of Farragut Post
No. 4.
Colonel F. A. Starring was appointed Inspector-General, Colo-
nel Timothy Lubey Quartermaster-General, and Colonel R. J.
Hinton Assistant Inspector-General.
General Lucius Fairchild had been elected Senior Vice-Com-
mander-in-Chief (biography Chapter XXV), and General Jos. R.
Hawley re-elected Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief.
Colonel Samuel B. Wylie Mitchell, Surgeon-General, was born
in Philadelphia, August 16, 1828. Entered the service as Surgeon
[106J
Administhation of John A. Logan.
107
Dr. S. B. W. Mitchell.
18tli Pennsylvania Volun-
teers, April 24, 1861, three
months service ; Surgeon 8th
Pennsylvania Cavalry, August
17, 1861, to January 24, 1865.
Brevettecl Lieutenant-Colonel
U. S. v., March 13, 1865, "for
gallant conduct and meritori-
ous services." Was one of the
founders of the " Military Or-
der of the Loyal Legion," and
Secretary and Eecorder until
his death, August 16, 1879.
Charter member and first
Commander of the present
Post 2, Philadelphia, and, act-
ing as senior officer, char-
tered the present Posts 5, 6, 7, 8, Philadelphia. (See Department
of Pennsylvania.) Member of Department Council of Adminis-
tration, 1867 ; Medical Director of the Department, 1868 and 1869.
Colonel Timothy Lubey,
Quartermaster - General, en-
listed in May, 1861, as Sec-
ond Lieutenant, Company B,
15th New York Engineers,
was promoted First Lieuten-
ant November, 1861, Captain
in April, 1863, and was mus-
tered-out as Major, July 2,
1865. He was brevetted Col-
onel for gallant and meritori-
ous services, by the Governor
of the State of New York.
He joined the G. A. E.
October 19, 1866, as a charter
member of Post No. 1, De-
partment of the Potomac,
and left it to become a charter member of Post No. 3, in which
he served three terms as Commander. On the surrender of the
charter of Post No. 3, he was transferred to Post No. 2, in which
Colonel T. Lubey.
108
Grand Army of the Republic.
he served two terms as Commander. Was Assistant Adjutant-
General on the Staff of L. Edwin Dudley, Commander Provisional
Department of the Potomac ; Member of Council of Administra-
tion during the term of N. P. Chipman ; again Assistant Adju-
tant-General under Commander Samuel A. Duncan ; succeeding
him as Department Commander, which position he held three
terms. He was appointed Quartermaster-General for the ensuing
term. He died in AVashington, December 12, 1877.
F. A. Starring, Inspector-
General, Major 46th Illinois
Infantry, September 10, 1861.
Transferred, January 30, 1862,
as Major 2d Illinois Light
Artillery. Commissioned
Colonel 72d Illinois Infantry
(Chicago Board of Trade
Regiment), August 21, 1862.
Brevetted Brigadier-General
February 22, 1866. This reg-
iment was in active service
from September, 1862, until
their muster-out in August,
1865, principally with the
Army of the Tennessee. Af-
ter the pursuit of Hood's
Army from Nashville, they were ordered to New Orleans, and
thence to Mobile with the 16th Army Corps. Colonel Starring,
as Inspector-General, designed the Grand Army membership
badge.
Circular No. One, dated Washington, D. C, March 1st, 1870,
announced the appointment of Assistant Inspectors-General and
Department Inspectors-General, and gave instructions for a thor-
ough insjDection of Posts as to their general management, busi-
ness, records, work of the Order, etc. Inspectors were to report
such suggestions and recommendations as were deemed for the
best interests, preservation and organization of the Grand Army
of tlie Republic.
Colonel F. A. Starring.
Administration of John A. Logan. 109
FOURTH ANNUAL SESSION.
The National Encampment assembled in Washington, D. C,
May 11, 1870, Commander-in-Chief John A. Logan, presiding.
Officers present : Commander-in-Chief John A. Logan ; Senior
Vice-Commander-in-Chief L. Fairchild ; Chaplain-in-Chief A.
H. Quint ; Adjutant-General W. T. Collins ; Inspector-General
F. A. Starring ; Quartermaster-General T. Lubey ; Judge- Advo-
cate-General N. P. Chipman ; Assistant Adjutant-General Hanson
E. Weaver.
Council of Administration — J. F. Miller, California ; Frank No-
len, Delaware ; R. M. Hough, Hlinois ; A. W. Denison, Maryland ;
G. Harry Stone, Missouri ; S. T. Carter, New Hampshire ; Jas. F.
Rusling, New Jersey ; Geo. L. Beal, Maine ; O. C. Bosbyshell,
Pennsylvania; S. A. Duncan, Potomac; Jas. Shaw, Jr., Rhode
Island ; Geo. J. Stannard, Vermont ; E. W. Whitaker, Connec-
ticut.
Committee on Credentials — The Adjutant-General ; J. L. Bates,
Massachusetts ; AV. J. Winter, Ohio ; H. A. Barnum, New York ;
W. F. Morse, Minnesota.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
Arkansas, 1 ; California, 1 ; Connecticut, 3 ; Delaware, 1 ; Illi-
nois, 3 ; Kentucky, 1 ; Maine, 4 ; Maryland, 4 ; Massachusetts, 1 ;
Michigan, 1 ; Minnesota, 1 ; New Hampshire, 1 ; New Jersey, 3 ;
New Mexico, 1 ; New York, 9 ; Ohio, 4 ; Pennsylvania, 8 ; Poto-
mac, 4 ; Texas, 1. Total, 19 Departments, 52 RejDresentatives.
Not represented : Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Mis-
souri, Montana, North Carolina, Rhode Island, South Carolina,
Vermont, Virginia, Wisconsin.
Delinquent for reports : Alabama, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Ne-
braska, Tennessee, West Virginia. The representatives present
from Indiana (1) and Iowa (1) Avere extended the privileges of the
Encampment.
Commander-in-Chief Logan in his address said :
We meet to-day, not as relics of a disastrous war, marred and scarred by the en-
ginery of battle, to beg for alms ; not as burdens upon the hands of public charity,
but as the survivors of a glorious and successful struggle on behalf of liberty and
independence for all men. We meet in the strength and integrity of our manhood,
to take counsel together in aid of measures to promote brotherly love, universal be-
110 Grand Army of the Republic.
nevolence, stability, aud order; we meet to renew our vows of fealty to each other
and maukind; we meet as the representatives of the loyal American soldiery, whose
organic law is unblemished by any invidious distinctions. We realize that to no
particular race or sect belongs the glory of our victories, but that in the Union Army
were found comrades of every clime aud creed, who came as in the days of '76, to
offer themselves to do and die, if need be, that liberty might live and bless their
posterity with an equal share in her blessings. No self-constituted victor can say,
"Behold me, the conqueror," but each can claim the honor of answering to his
country's roll call when danger Avas nigh ; nnd in this they have performed the hero's
deeds aud deserve the hero's reward.
The objects of our organization seem not to be fully \mder.stood by a portion of
our fellow citizens. You will, therefore, excuse me if I give a brief sketch of the
purposes of the Grand Army for the information of those who may be prejudiced
against us as a secret order :
The Grand Army of the Republic is not a political organization destined
to serve the ends of any political party, as is evident in this, that all political parties
are represented in its membership. As men and patriots, many of us mingle in na-
tional and local affairs, but in doing so, do not take with us any benefits or provisions
of our Order ; our only political creed being the love of our country and its hallowed
institutions.
"We have but three objects obligator}' upon us as members of this Order, namely :
To promote the love and i)ractice of fraternity, liberal distributions of charity, and
unequivocal loj-alty. The founders of the Order were actuated by the. fact that
when the war ended we had on this continent a million aud a half of lighting men,
a greater part of whom were our own comrades, good and true, who were in no haste
to lose .«ight of every trace of the associations of a soldier's life, and let "old ac-
quaintance be forgot." They were flushed with such victories as no soldiers ever
were before ; hence they needed some resort where they might meet together in social
reunion and interchange experiences and opinions, and thereby keep alive the vivid
scenes of war, interspersed with incidents full of interest to them, and needed some-
thing to check the impulsive, whose very spirit aud lire made them such good sol-
diers. Hence it was conceived that good might spring from these reunions, and that,
with certain rules and regulations, they might promote pleasure and security to the
independent, aud material aid to the dependent, and organize the survivors of the war
into an Order that would be perpetual in its existence, and so successful in its good
work as to shed additional luster upon its members.
He recommended tliat the observance of Memorial Day be
formally ciijoined by tlie Rules and Regulations.
"Ours was the first and only organization to institute an animal commomoraticm
to the departed heroes of the war; and to us, by common consent, appears to be com-
mitted the mournful and pleasing duty of jierpctuating it."
He recommended that the Membership Badge, as adopted at
the K})Ocial meeting in NeAV York, be now finally established as
the Radge of the Order l)y amendment to the Rules and Regula-
tions.
1
Administkation of John A. Logan. Ill
In closing lie said :
It should be the aim of the Grand Army to bring within its fold every honorably-
discharged soldier and sailor, and by the constant exercise of the virtues we profess
exert an influence second only to the church of Christ. Exalting the hopes and as-
pirations of our own members, we thereby help to give a proper tone to public senti-
ment, and crush out all opposition to civilization, loyalty, and Christianity, as well as
hold our organization above the criticism of the most fastidious, who, beholding our
"good works," will rise up "and call us blessed." We sliall need no appeal to call
forth the support of all good citizens, who will gladly sustain our lectures and other
means of siipport to our family of sufferers, in whose interest we have solicited
public patronage, with liberal responses already.
The tree of liberty, watered and trained by the influences of the Grand Army, will
send forth no disloyal shoots to dishonor our flag; but every branch, as it takes up its
burden of life, will have that vital principle of loyalty so engrafted that treason can
never destroy it. And when the encampments that know us now "shall know us no
more forever" the feeling of fraternal regard we have nourished will shed its silent
tear over our graves; the charity we have promoted will throw its mantle over our
shortcomings, and the spirit cf loyalty we have cultivated will still rally round the
flag we loved, to perpetuate our memories.
The thanks of the Encampment were tendered General Logan
for his eloquent and instructive address, and he was requested to
furnish a copy for publication.
EEPORTS OF STAFF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General W. T. Collins reviewed the work of the year
required in establishing the system of grades. The delay in
making the necessary changes rendered it impossible to furnish
anything like a correct report of the membership of the organi-
zation, as only three Departments, Massachusetts, New Mexico,
and Potomac, had given the exact membership borne on the rolls
of the Posts.
He referred to the financial difficulties met by Headquarters
through the heavy expenses incurred in the radical changes in the
Kules, Eitual, and forms and books for all Reports.
Inspector-General P. H. Starring, in his report, also referred
to the work involved in the adoption of the Grade system, and
stated that there was a general desire for some modification of the
requirements of the Regulations and Ritual on that subject.
His report also contained a description of the new Member-
ship Badge, which is referred to in the chapter on Badges.
Quartermaster-General Lubey reported : Receipts from all
sources during the year, $7,890.66 ; expenditures, $6,997 ; leaving a
112 Grand Army of the Republic.
cash balance of §893.(36. $2,000 of the previous indebtedness had
been paid, leaving the National Encampment in debt to Comrades
Owen and Chipman about $2,500. In accordance with the instruc-
tions from the National Encampment held in New York city, Oc-
tober 27, 1809, a contract had been made for the manufacture of
badges at $1.25 each.
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On Resolutions — Comrades Ben: Perley Poore, Massachusetts ;
Logan H. Roots, Arkansas ; R. M. Apgar, California ; H. H. Heath,
New Mexico ; Joshua T. Owen, Pennsylvania.
Rules, Regulations and Ritual — A. H. Quint, Massachusetts ; Jas.
Shaw, Jr., Rhode Island; H. A. Barnum, New York; G. W. Collier,
Ohio ; R. B. Beath, Pennsylvania ; AV. T. Clark, Texas ; Judge-
Advocate-General N. P. Chipman.
The Encampment took a recess for the j)^irpose of paying
their respects to President Grant at the Executive mansion,
after which they returned to the hall and partook of a bountiful
collation prepared by the Comrades of the Department of the
Potomac.
RESOLUTIONS.
Comrade Ben: Perley Poore (Massachusetts), Chairman of the
Committee on Resolutions, presented the following, Avhich were
unanimously adopted :
The Grand Army of the Republic, in National Encampment assembled in the
city of Washington, congi-atulates every comrade on the successful extension of
the triple bond of Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty which now so fraternally unites
those wlio rallied beneath the Stars and Stripes when tlie life of the nation was
assailed, jind presents tlie following matters as entitled to the indorsement of the
Order.
1. Rcsoltcd, As soldiers of the Union Army for tlie suppression of the late rebel-
lion, we recognize no character more exalted, as a soldier and patriot, than the late
Major General George H. Thomas, and that it is with luifeigned sorrow that we, his
recent comrades in arms, find ourselves called upon to mourn his demise, and that in
liis imsullied character, his pre-eminent r.'Mlities as a commander, and his untarnished
patriotism, he has, together with his great services against the enemies of his country
and of the Union, left a rich legacy to the world, and a life worthy the emulation of
mankind.
2. lieHolred, That the nieinory of tho.sc who died that the nation iinght live should
he k(!pt green in the hearts of the people of the United States ])y the .sacred observ-
ance of the :3()th of May as a day dedicated to the decoration of their graves; and
we trust tiiat the general Govcrninciit will iiol fail to exerci.se, under the Wii' power.
Administration of John A. Logan. 113
its sovereignty over such of those hallowed resting placrs of our departed comrades
as are in that section of country whicli they bravely aided in conquering, and not aslv
the permission of the conquered, that the soil thus consecrated may be the nation's
forever.
3. Resolved, That all Departments and Posts of the Grand Army, and all com-
rades in their Individual capacities, use their utmost endeavors to promptly secure
legislative action in their respective States, in aid of the establishment and maintenance
of homes and schools for the support and education of the orphans of Union soldiers
and marines, without distinction of birthplace or of race, who were killed or who
died in consequence of wounds received, or disease contracted, while in the service of
the United States.
4. Resoh'cd, That while we recognize the equality of all soldiers who were mus-
tered in, we respectfully suggest to the officers of the National Asylum for Disabled
Soldiers, no liberally endowed by Congress, the propriety of promoting the comfort
of the colored veterans entitled to a home, by establishing a branch asylum at the
South for their occupation.
5. Resolved, That we earnestly request Congress to consider the pi'opriety and
justice of passing an act donating suitable tracts of the public lands to those soldiers,
sailors, and marines who honorably served in the Army or Navy of the natii)n during
the late war for the suppression of the rebellion, in ;.ccordance with the precedents
established in former wars.
6. Resolved, That the thanks of the Grand Army are due, and are hereby tendered,
to the comrades of the Department of the Potomac for the accommodations provided
for, and tlie hospitalities extended to the National Encampment at its present session,
and that a copy of this resolution, duly signed by the national officers, be presented
to that Department.
RULES AND REGULATIONS.
Comrade Quint, chairman, reported several amendments to the
Rules and Regulations, the more important changes being the
adoption of Article 14th, Chapter V, establishing Memorial Day ;
and providing for the election of officers of Posts annually instead
of semi-annually. The time for mustering old members in the
new grades was extended for one year. Post Commanders were
given discretion to abbreviate the ceremonies for advancement
of members in the grades. The Commander-in-Chief was author-
ized to remit reports and dues of Departments accruing prior to
July 1st, 1869.
Comrades Quint, Chaplain-in-Chief elect Collier, and Jas.
Shaw, Jr., were appointed a committee to prepare Installation
Services and a Burial Service.
AUXILIARY ORGANIZATIONS.
Past Senior Yice-Commander-in-Chief J. T. Owen, Senior
Yice-Commander-in-Chief Fairchild, and Junior Vice-Commander-
11-4 Grand Army of the Republic.
iu-Chief Wagner were appointed a committee to consider the
subject of auxiliary organizations of the wives and daughters of
comrades and the widows and orphans of deceased soldiers.
Votes of thanks were passed to Adjutant-General Collins for
his services, and to Inspector-General F. A. Starring for the very
handsome badge of the Order he had designed.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The following were elected :
Commander-in-Chief, John A. Logan, re-elected.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Lucius Fairchild, re-elected.
Junior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, Louis AYagner, Pennsyl-
vania.
Surgeon-General, Samuel A. Green, Massachusetts.
Chaplain-in-Chief, Geo. W. Collier, Ohio.
Council of xldministration — Arkansas, Logan H. Roots ; Cali-
for-nia, James Coey ; Colorado, F. J. Bancroft ; Connecticut, E.
W. Whitaker ; Delaware, Frank Nolen ; Florida, C. M. Hamilton ;
Georgia, W. Krzyzanowski ; Illinois, T. O. Osborn ; Kentucky,
Wm. Bowden ; Maine, Geo. L. Beal ; Maryland, E. Y. Goldsbor-
ougli ; Massachusetts, A. H. Quint ; Michigan, O. L. Spalding ;
Minnesota, Henry A. Castle ; Missouri, G. Harry Stone ; Missis-
sippi, J. Tarbell ; Montana, W. S. Scribner ; New Hampshire, D.
J. Yaughn ; New Jersey, J. F. Rusliug ; New Mexico, H. H.
Heath ; New York, A. P. Ketchum ; North Carolina, Allen Ruth-
erford ; Ohio, Jas. A. Lantz ; Oregon, C. P. Crandall ; Pennsyl-
vania, A. Wilson Norris ; Potomac, E. F. M. Faehtz ; Rhode Island,
Jas, Shaw, Jr. ; South Carolina, C. J. Stolbrand ; Texas, AY. T.
Clark ; Yermont, Geo. J. Stannard ; Virginia, P. A. Davis ; AYis-
consin, Geo. B. Goodwin.
Commander-in-Chief Logan Avas then installed, and said :
I can express in no filling -words the deep sense of ;::ratitulc I fe;l at this mani-
festation of your confidence in and friendship lor me. If would be allectation to
v.ithiiold from you my sincere tlianks. The eomrade who would not appreeiate the
oflice you have conferred upon me, so exalted in itself and an honor to its incumbent,
would be unworthy to hold it. I can only promise 1o serve you faithfully, and see
to it that no trust you have reposed in me shall be abused. Let Fraternity, Charity,
and Loyalty be our watchwords, and we need not fear that we will deserve and attain
success.
CHAPTER IX.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF JOHN A. LOGAN (THIRD
TERM)— FIFTH ANNUAL SESSION, BOSTON, MAY 10, 1871.
All the members of the staff were re-appointed and so an-
nounced in General Orders dated Washington, May 17, 1870, viz.:
Adjutant-General, W. T. Collins ; Quartermaster-General, Tim-
othy Lubey ; Judge-Advocate-General, N. P. Chipman ; Inspector-
General, F. A. Starring ; Assistant Adjutant-General, Hanson E.
Weaver, who was afterwards succeeded by C. C. Eoyce.
In General Orders, issued subsequently, attention was called
to a request of General M. C. Meigs, Quartermaster-General U.
S. A., for a full record of all deceased Union soldiers and sailors
interred in the civil cemeteries throughout the United States.
Posts were urged to appoint committees to prepare such records.
General Louis Wagner succeeded General Hawley as Junior
Vice-Commander-in-Chief, by election at Washington. For Biog-
raphy and Portrait see Chapter XIX.
Dr. Samuel A. Green,
Surgeon-General, was Assis-
tant Surgeon 1st Massachu-
setts Volunteers, May 25,
1861. Promoted Surgeon 24th
Massachusetts, September 2,
1861, and served until Novem-
ber 2, 1864. He was Acting
Staff Surgeon in Richmond
from April 9, 1865, until July
9, 1865. Joined Post 15, Bos-
ton, March 18, 1868 ; was
Post Surgeon 1869 ; Medical
Director Department of Mass-
achusetts 1869 - 1870 ; re-
elected Surgeon-General in
Dr. S. a. Green.
[115]
11(5
Grand Army of the Republic.
^Vm^
1871 ami 1872 ; uow a member of Post No. 115, Grotou, Massa-
chusetts.
Rev. George "NY. Collier,
Cbaplain-iu-Chief, was boru
iu Le Roy, Ohio, August 29,
1825, and entered the Ministr}^
of the Methodist Church in
1850 ; was appointed Chaplain
in 1861, and served four years,
mainly with the Army of AYest
Yirginia ; joined the Grand
Army of the Republic in Tole-
do, in 1867, and with the en-
couragement of the Depart-
ment of Ohio, G. A. R., under-
took, and carried through with
great success, the work of es-
tablishing a State Home for
Soldiers' Orphans at Xenia.
President Hayes appointed him Chaplain, U. S. A., June 23, 1879,
and he is now assigned to duty at Fort Totten, Dakota.
FIFTH ANNUAL SESSION,
The Fifth Annual Session of the National Encampment was
held in John A. Andrew Post Hall, Boston, May 10, 1871, Com-
mander-in-Chief John A. Logan presiding.
COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS.
H. A. Barnum, New York ; A. B. Underwood, Massachusetts ;
A. R. Calhoun, Pennsylvania ; W. AY. Henry, Yermont ; J. AYarren
Keifer, Ohio.
Rev. G. W. Collier.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief John A. Logan.
Senior Yice-Commander-in-Chief Lucius Fairchild.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Louis Wagner.
Adjutant-General W. T. Collins.
Quartermaster-General T. Lubey.
Administration of John A. Logan. 117
Judge-Advocate-General N. P. Cliipman.
Council of Administration — California, James Coey ; Connec-
ticut, E. W. Whitaker; Maine, Geo. L. Beal ; Maryland, E. Y.
Goldsborougli ; Massachusetts, A. H. Quint ; New Hampshire,
D. J. Vaughn ; New York, A. P. Ketchum ; Pennsylvania, A.
Wilson Norris ; Rhode Island, James Shaw, Jr. ; Vermont, Geo. J.
Stannard.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
Maine, 5 ; New Hampshire, 2 ; Vermont, 4 ; Massachusetts, 14 ;
Rhode Island, 4 ; Connecticut, 3 ; New York, 9 ; New Jersey, 2 ;
Pennsylvania, 7 ; Delaware, 1 ; Maryland, 3 ; Potomac, 4 ; Virginia,
1 ; Ohio, 2 ; Kentucky, 1 ; Illinois, 2 ; California, 4. Total De-
partments, 17 ; Representatives, 68.
Commander-in-Chief Logan, in his address, said :
Another circuit of the seasons brings again the time of tlie annual meeting of the
Representatives of the Grand Army of the Republic. And while earth, seemingly
thankful that the bright rays of the vernal sun have warmed her from her wintry
sleep, gives forth from her bosom the green blades and gaudy flowers in grateful re-
sponse, so we should also feel deeply impressed with a spirit of gratitude to the Great
Creator and Ruler of the Universe, for the preservation of the lives of so many of the
members of our Order, and the prosperity of our organization. We, when looking
over the past twelve months, and beholding the harmony which has prevailed through-
out the Order, and the prosperity wliich has attended it, should give forth in grateful
response to the Guardian Hand, which has protected and preserved us, the warmest
thanks of our hearts, and should feel, if possible, still more disposed to exhibit, by
practice to their fullest extent, the characteristic virtues of our creed— Fraternity,
Charity And. Loyalty ; Fraternity to our comrades. Charity to our fellow men, and
Loyalty to our country.
We have assembled here to-day, not as an organization for the purpose of promot-
ing and fostering selfish ends and personal aims, but as the survivors of a mighty,
but glorious and successful contest in behalf of liberty and union — not as a baud
combined for the purpose of planning and plotting for the benefit of a few, or a
restricted class, but in behalf of personal freedom, true independence and national
honor.
We meet in the strength and consciousness of our manhood, with a full knowl-
edge of our freedom and liberty, but with hearts true and loyal to our country and
its laws.
We meet to renew our vows to the great principles of our Order — vows of friend-
ship and fealty to each other, which shall continue to link us together in fraternal
bonds ; vows of that universal charity, which embraces in its grasp mankind wherever
found; vows of devotion and constancy to that Government which we have fought
to maintain, and which we believe to be the best that man in his wisdom has devised,
where the great principles for which we contend can be best developed and carried
out. We meet, also, as the representatives of the great host of loyal American
118 Grand Army of the Republic.
soldiers, who stood as the bulwark of safety to the uation, when its life was in
jeoi);i''(ly.
In the hour of |K'ril we asked not for race or sect, but for soldiers, willing to do
battle bravely and fearlessly in defense of our Union. Today we meet, not as the
representatives of a race or sect, but of those soldiers who came in answer to their
country's call.
He briefly referred to efforts that had beeu made to bring the
Order into disrepute by charging it with political bias, and said
that the best proof that the Grand Army of the Republic was not
a political organization was shown in the fact that all political
parties are represented in its membership.
As citizens we take part freely in national affairs, each following out his own indi-
vidual preference and political inclination, untramraeled by any requirements of the
Order. The predominance of any political party or bias among the members of any
particular locality is, so far as the Order is concerned purely accidental. So far as
devotion to our national unity, and to the great principles of universal freedom and
benevolence, makes lis political, thus far we are political, and no farther.
The succL'S-f 111 close of the war sent back into civil life more than a million of
soldiers, many of whom for years had dwelt in the tented field with armor on, and
who, as comrades in the privations and hardships of the soldier's life, could not easilj'
forget its associations. The natural yearning of the soldier's heart, for an occasional
re-union with his comrades, suggested the idea of the Order to its founders. It was,
therefore, the natural outgrowth of the times and circumstances, and not wholly an
original idea conceived in any one mind. With a desire to keep alive these associa-
tions, and by interchange of experience and opinions, to keep fresh before the mind
the vivid scenes of the war, and incidents of the soldier's life in camp, was the or-
ganization of the Grand Army of the; Republic conceived, and carried into eflfect.
In urging the members to renewed exertions on behalf of the
Grand Army of the Repul)lic he said :
We must remember that great ends are accomplished, not by spasmodic and fitful
exertions, but by steady, systematic and persevering movements. This w^as the
spirit that nerved us during the fiery ordeal of the late war, and crowned our arms
with victory.
Let u.s, then, strictly conform to our Rules and Regulations, and, systematic as an
a.-my when marching to the field of battle, let us, like good and faithful soldiers,
I'.reas forward in the great work of promoting and extending the cardinal virtues of
our creed -Fraternity, Charity, and Loyalty; and the tree of liberty, fostered by
the genial influence of the Grand Army of the Republic, will send forth its inspira
tion to the utmost extremity of our beloved country, until every heart shall again be
warmed by the vilal principles of loyalty, and every remnant of treason be driven
from our land.
Such is our mission, and such our bright anticipations, and if true to our faith and
active in our elTorls, when wc have met together for the last lime, and have sounded
our last reveille, other tongues and oilier voices will bless the name and work of the
Grand Army of the Republic.
I
Administration of John A. Logan. 119
REPORTS OF STAFF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General Collins briefly presented the facts connected
with work under the Grade system, and recommended that the
Grades be now abolished.
He reported briefly as to the condition of each Department,
but, as for the previous year, he could not give even an approxi-
mate estimate of the membership.
Quartermaster-General T. Lubey reported, receipts, including
previous balance, $6,449.91 ; expenditures, §6,377.17 ; cash balance,
$72.74.
The exj^enditures included a payment of $1,413.34 of the in-
debtedness to comrades for advances, leaving now but a small
balance due Comrade J. T. Owen.
He reported that the price for the manufacture of badges had
been reduced to 95 cents.
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
Rules, Regulation, and Ritual — C. B. Fox, Massachusetts;
James Shaw, Jr., Rhode Island ; John C. Robinson, New York ;
R. B. Beatli, Pennsylvania ; James O'Brien, California ; George
L. Beal, Maine ; William Ward, New Jersey.
Resolutions — Henry S. Briggs, Massachusetts ; Geo. J. Stan-
nard, Vermont ; James T. Smith, Potomac ; H. J. Reeder, Penn-
sylvania.
Comrade Cogswell presented, from the Department of Massa-
chusetts, a substitute for the Grade Ritual.
INVITATIONS.
General H. W. Benham, United States Engineers, invited the
members to visit the fortifications in the harbor, placing the En-
gineer Steamer " Tourist " at their disposal for this purpose. The
invitation was accepted, and the thanks of the Encampment voted
to General Benham for his courtesy.
Comrade Cogswell, Commander of the Department of Massa-
chusetts, presented, in the name of that Department, an invitation
to a banquet in Faneuil Hall, which was accepted with hearty
thanks.
120 Grand Army of the Republic.
Duriug the session tlie following telegram was received :
Universal Peace Convention, in Session in Cooper Institute. New York, May lOlh.
1871 : to National Encampment, Grand Army of the Republic :
We congratulate you on a peaceful Eacinipment. As Veterans can you not
add your protest against war, that there may never more be another war Encamp-
ment.
To this, upon the suggestion of Comrade Wagner, the follow-
ing reply was telegraphed :
Your congratulations reciprocated. The Grand Army of the Rei^ublic is deter-
mined to have peace, even if it has to fight for it.
RULES, REGULATIONS, AND RITUAL.
The report of the Committee on Rules, Regulations, and Ritual
was presented by Comrade Fox, chairman.
Tliej recommended that the Rules and Regulations be amended
by striking out all reference to Grades, and the amendment was
adopted. Comrade Fox then presented a revised Ritaal to replace
the Grade ritual, which was adopted. Sundry other amendments
to the Rules were presented and acted uj)on.
RESOLUTIONS.
The Committee on Resolutions, Comrade H. S. Briggs, chair-
man, reported the following, which were duly adopted :
The Grand Army of the Kejniblic, assembled in National Encampment, at Boston,
congratulates all comrades upon tlie rapidlj^ increasing power and strength of the
Order, and commends lo them the action taken at this Session, as being calculated to
promote the cardinal principles of tliis Association.
1st. liesohed, That the Grand Army of tlie Kcpulilic is in no sense whatever a
political or partizan organization ; and any comrade wiio endeavors to use the Order
as a political engine, for tlie pur])ose of gratifying any .selfish i)olilical ambition, is
recreant to his duty to iiis comrades.
2d. RcKohed. That it is the duty of each and every comrade of the Grand Army of
the Republic to urge and do all in his power to promote such legislation, both from
tlie several State and National Legislative bodies, as will .secure ample provision for
the supi)ort and education of the children of tlio.se soldiers, .sailors and marines, wlio
were killed or died of disease contracted while in the service of the United States,
l)atlling for tlie integrity of the Union ; and to ])rocure such legislation as .shall be
n(fce.ssary for the care, protection and preservation of the graves of our dead com
rades, in th'.' di.Ter; nt National Cemeteries.
Administration of John A. Logan. 121
8d. Resolved, That the thanks of the soldiers represented in this Organization are
due to the Representatives of the people, in the National House of Rej)resentatives,
for their action in relation to the Equalization of Bounties, and the Amendment of
the Homestead Laws; and that this Encampment earnestly urges upon Congress the
enactment of the provision repeatedly passed with so much unanimity by the popular
branch of the National Encampment.
4tli. Resolved, That the thanks of the Grand Army of the Republic are due and
are hereby tendered to the comrades of the Department of Massachusetts, for the
hospitalities extended to the National Encampment, at its present session, and that a
copy of this resolution, duly certified by the National Officers, be presented to that
Department.
The committee also considered the preamble and resolutions
relative to Bounties, presented by Rodman Post No. 12, of the
Department of Rhode Island :
Resolved, That this Encampment earnestly recommend that the provision of the
Bounty Law be extended to soldiers, sailors and marines, discharged by reason of
disease contiacted in the service. Adopted.
The following additional resolutions were jDi'^sented and
adopted :
Resolved, That the thanks of the Grand Army of the Republic, through its Na-
tional Encampment, are due, and are hereby warmly tendered our Commander in-
Chief , Comrade John A. Logan, for the great intertst he has ever exhibited in the
welfare of the Organization, and for the faithful, zealous and efficient jjerformance
of his official duties.
Resolved, That the Adjutant-General be and he is hereby directed to have these
resolutions engrossed, fi'amed and presented to Comrade Logan.
Resolved, That the sincere thanks of this Encampment are due and hereby ten-
dered to Lucius Fairchild, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief , and the other retiring
officers of the Encampment, for their loyalty and fidelity to the interests of the Order,
and for their faithful performance of the duties of their several offices.
Resolved, That the Grand Army of the Republic, through its National Encamp-
ment, extends to the Department op Massachusetts its warmest thanks for the
fraternal reception and welcome of its representatives; and those who have shared
the bountiful hospitalities of the citizens of Boston, will evethold in precious remem-
brance this vi.sit to the grand old Bay State — chief among the sisterhood of States
which we are pledged to defend and protect.
Resolved, That the thanks of this Encampment of the Grand Army of the Repub-
lic are hereby tendered to Comrade Wm. T. Collins. Adjutant-General, Comrade
Timothy Lubey, Quartermaster-General, and Comrade J. O. P. Burnside, Acting
Inspector General, for the faithful and efficient performance of the duties of their
respective offices during the past year.
122 Grand Army of the Republic.
election of officers.
The following officers were elected :
Comm;iii(ler-iii-Chief, Ambrose E. Burnsicle, Rhode Island.
Senior Vice-Cominander-in-Chief, Louis Wagner, Pennsylvania.
Junior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, James Coey, California.
Surgeon-General, Dr. Samuel A. Green, Massachusetts, re-
elected.
Chaplain-in-Chief, Rev. Wm. Earnshaw, Ohio.
Council of Administration — Wm. E. McArthur, California ;
H. Clay Trumbull, Connecticut ; Frank Nolen, Delaware ; R. M.
Hough, Illinois ; C. C. Adams, Kentucky ; Geo. L. Beal, Maine ;
E. T. Daneker, Maryland ; A. B. R. Sprague, Massachusetts ; James
E. Larken, New Hampshire ; William Ward, New Jersey ; A. P.
Ketchum, New York ; Jas. S. Clemmer, Ohio ; Frank Reeder, Penn-
sylvania ; Jas. T. Smith, Potomac ; Horatio Rogers, Rhode Island ;
Geo. J. Stannard, Vermont ; Jos. E. Wilson, Virginia ; Thos. S.
Allen, Wisconsin.
General Burnside was introduced as Commander-in-Chief, by
General Logan, and he briefly thanked the comrades for the
honor conferred, and assured them that he would be glad to serve
the Grand Army of the Republic.
.v/'\- L
'^^(/lylyL^y'^cC(_
CHAPTER X.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF A. E. BURNSIDE-
SIXTH ANNUAL SESSION, CLEVELAND, MAY 8, 1872.
General Burnside established Headquarters at his office, No.
61 Liberty Street, New York city, and announced the following
appointments on his staff:
Adjutant-General, William Cutting, New York.
Quartermaster-General, Cornelius G. Attwood, Massachusetts.
Inspector-General, Robert B. Beath, PeunsyUania.
Judge-Advocate-General, William W. Douglas, Rhode Island.
Assistant Adjutant-General, Roswell Miller, New York.
General Cutting was unable to devote any time to the duties of
Adjutant-General and was later succeeded by Assistant Adjutant-
General Roswell Miller.
General Ambrose Everts Burnside, Commander-in-Chief, was
born in Union County, Indiana, May 24, 1824, and at the age of 17,
was apprenticed to a tailor in Centreville, Wayne County, Indiana.
In 1843 he received an appointment as a Cadet at West Point,
being graduated July 1, 1847, and was assigned to the Second
Artillery. He resigned from the service in 1852, and established
a factory at Bristol, Rhode Island, for the manufacture of breach-
loading rifles invented by himself. In 1852 he was appointed
Major-General of the Rhode Island Militia, but resigned a year
later. In 1860 he accepted the position of Treasurer, Illinois
Central K. R., with an office in New York city. On April 15,
1861, he was tendered the command of the First Rhode Island
Volunteers, accepted immediately, and that night went to Provi-
dence and assumed command, and with his regiment reached
Washington April 26. Colonel Burnside commanded a brigade
with ability and gallantry in the first battle of Bull Run.
He was appointed Brigadier- General, U. S. V., August 6, 1861,
and was ordered to organize a "coast division" for service in
[123]
124 Gkand Army of the Republic.
North Carolina. For the success achieved at Roanoke Island, he
was commissioned Major-General U. S. Y, On Angust 26, 1862,
General Bnruside was ordered with a portion of his command to
the Army of the Potomac, where his troops, with others, were or-
ganized as the Ninth Army Corps, and he was appointed its
commander.
On November 5, 1882, General Burnside was placed in com-
mand of the Army of the Potomac, relie^ iug General McClellau.
He commanded that Army until after the battle of Fredericks-
burg.
In March, 1863, he was placed in command of the Department
of Ohio, Headquarters at Cincinnati. In August he moved his
command to Knoxville, Avhere, in November, he was besieged by
General Longstreet. General Burnside's long and persistent de-
fense of that place, until relieved by the forces iinder General
Sherman, won for him the approval of his superiors, and the
approbation of his countrymen.
He was again assigned to the Ninth Army Corps, which was to
be recruited for special service, but it was ordered to the Army of
the Potomac, and he so commanded it until August 18, 1864, Avhen
he was relieved, and was not thereafter in active service.
In April, 1866, he was elected Governor of Rhode Island by a
large majority, and was re-elected in 1867, and for a third term in
1868, when he positively declined to serve longer, as his business
enterprises then required all of his time.
In January, 1875, General Burnside was elected United States
Senator from Rhode Island, and was re-elected June 8, 1880.
He died, quite suddenly, at his home, " Edgehill," Bristol,
Rhode Island, on the 13th of SejDtember, 1881. The Governor of
the State, in making official announcement of his death, said :
" His eminent services to the state and to the country, his noble
traits of character, and the universal esteem in which he was held,
combine to make the loss a public calamity."
A costly equestrian statue has been erected in memory of Gen-
eral Burnside in Providence.
General Louis AVagner, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief.
See Chapter XIX, for ])i()graphical sketcli and portrait.
General James Coey, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, was
born in New York city, in 1841, and enlisted at Oswego, New
Administration of A. E. Burnside.
125
York, August 12, 1862, as
First Lieutenant, Company E,
147tli Regiment, N. Y. S. Yols.
Promoted to Captain and
Major, and brevetted Lieuten-
ant-Colonel for conspicuous
gallantry in the battles of
the Wilderness, and Laurel
Hill, Yirginia, and as Colonel
for meritorious services dur-
ing the war. Was wounded
in the Wilderness, and again
at Dabney's Mills. Mustered-
out June 7, 1865.
After the war he went to
California and became a char-
ter member of Starr King
Post No. 1, in 1867, and served as Assistant Adjutant-General of
the Provisional Department, and Department Commander, 1868
and 1869.
General James Coey.
Dr. Samuel A. Green, re-elected Surgeon-General. See Chap-
ter IX, for biographical sketch and portrait.
Eoswell Miller, Adjutant-
General, is a native of Penn-
sylvania ; enlisted in the 3d
New York Light Artillery,
at Auburn, New York, Au-
gust 14, 1862 ; promoted to
be Corporal, Sergeant, First
Sergeant, Second Lieutenant
and First Lieutenant ; mus-
tered-out of service at Rich-
mond, Yirginia, June 23,
1865, and brevetted Captain.
Was a member of Phil
Kearny Post No. 8, New
York, in 1871. When Gen-
eral Burnside Avas elected
Commander-in-Chief he ap-
Captain Roswell Miller.
]2(;
Grand Army of the Republic.
pointetl General AVilliam Cutting Adjutant-General, and Captain
Miller Assistant Adjutant-General ; but as General Cutting was
unable to attend to the duties of tlie office, he was succeeded by
Captain Miller. The abolition of the Grade system recjuired an
entire change in the form of reports and of all books of record in
Posts, Departments and National Headcpiarters, entailing a great
deal of labor upon the Adjutant-General. Captain Miller devoted
himself energetically, systematically and successfully to the work
of re-organizing his department, giving his services for two years,
without compensation, as did all the staff officers under Com-
mander-in-Chief Burnside.
As a mark of appreciation of his valuable services at that time,
the National Encampment caused him to be presented with a fine
gold watch. He is now President of the Chicago, Milwaukee and
St. Paul Eailroad.
Cornelius Gilbert Att-
wood, Quartermaster-Gener-
al, was born in Bangor, Maine,
October 20, 1836 ; entered the
service April 22, 1861, as Sec-
ond Lieutenant, 3d Battalion
Eifles, Mass. Yols.; commis-
sioned Captain 25tli Massa-
chusetts, October 12, 1861;
Major, October 29, 1862, and
was honorably discharged for
disability from wounds and
disease, August 16, 1861 ; bre-
vetted Lieutenant - Colonel,
March 13, 1865, for gallant
and meritorious services dur-
ing the war ; Brigadier-Gen-
eral and inspector-General, Massachusetts Volunteer Militia,
January 12, 1876.
Mustered into Post No. 10, Worcester, Massachusetts, July,
1867 ; charter member and Commander of Post No. 15, Boston,
1867-1868 ; Assistant Inspector-General, 1869 ; Commander Post
No. 113, 1871-1872 ; Re-appointed Quartermaster-General, 1872,
and was appointed Adjutant-General by Commander-in-Chief
Devens, 1873. For his services as Quartermaster-General, he was
Geneual (!
Administeation of a. E. Burnside.
127
voted, by the National Encampment at New Haven, a handsome
gold watch suitably inscribed. Under his administration the
previously incurred indebtedness was paid, and a large balance of
cash paid over to his successor. Comrade Attwood died suddenly,
of apoplexy, at his residence in West Roxbury, Massachusetts,
January 19, 1888.
W. W. Douglas, Judge-
Advocate-General, enlisted
in the 5th Regiment, B, I.
Vols. Was afterwards trans-
ferred to Artillery. Was
mustered as Second Lieuten-
ant, December, 1861 ; First
Lieiitenant June 7, 1862 ;
Captain, February 14, 1863 ;
mustered-out on expiration
of term, December 20, 1864.
Joined Prescott Post No.
1, Providence, May 10, 1867 ;
charter member Post No.
12, March 12, 1868; Com-
mander, July 1, 1869, to De-
cember, 1870.
In 1868-69 was Secretary of the committee to revise the Eules
and Regulations and Ritual. Was re-appointed Judge-Advocate-
General by Commander-in-Chiefs Devens, Burnside and Hartranft,
serving in all six years. In 1877 he compiled the decisions and
opinions approved by the National Encampment, and made a com-
plete digest of Grand Army laws to that date. Comrade Douglas
is practicing law in Providence, Rhode Island.
Captain W. AV. Douglas.
Robert B. Beath, Inspector-General,
biographical sketch.
See Chapter XXII, for
In September, 1871, Commander-in-Chief Burnside was called
to Europe on business, and the command devolved upon Senior
Vice-Commander-in-Chief Wagner, whose first order was a call
for the relief of comrades in Chicago, made destitute by the great
fire in that month.
In December it was ascertained that the secret work of the
128 Grand Army of the Republic.
Order had been made public through tlie carelessness of some
comrmle who had lost the cipher and key. Acting Commander-
in-Chief AVagner at once changed the work and issued the new, in
cipher only, to officers of the Inspection Bureau.
General Burnside returned in January, 1872. On April 2, he
ordered that Posts of the Grand Army display flags at half-mast
on April 15, out of respect to the memory of Abraham Lincoln.
In General Orders No. 20 he recommended in addition to strewdng
the graves of the deceased soldiers and sailors with flowers, " that
they be planted with flowers and shrubs, so that, when we are
gone, the Seasons in their ceaseless rounds, may, in our stead,
adorn the sleeping places of our Comrades."
SIXTH ANNUAL SESSION.
The Sixth Annual Session of the National Encampment was
held in Cleveland, May 8, 1872 ; Commander-in-Chief A. E. Burn-
side, presiding.
COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS.
Comrade Roswell Miller, Adjutant-General; A. P. Ketchum,
New York ; James Davidson, Texas ; George A. Hanaford, Wis-
consin ; Daniel Woodall, Delaware.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief A. E. Burnside.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Loiiis Wagner.
Chaplain-in-Cliief William Earnshaw.
Adjutant-General Roswell Miller.
Quartermaster-General Cornelius G. Attwood.
Inspector-General Robert B. Beatli.
Judge-Advocate-General William W. Douglas.
Council of Administration : New Jersey, Jos. C. Lee ; New
York, A. P. Ketchum ; Ohio, J. Warren Keifer ; Pennsylvania, W.
W. Brown ; Potomac, Jas. T. Smith ; Rhode Island, Horatio
Rogers.
DEI' AUTM ENTS REl'U KS ENTED.
^ Delaware, 1 ; Illinois, 1 ; Iowa, 1 ; Kansas, 1 ; Kentucky, 2 ;
Maryland, 4 ; Massachusetts, 14 ; Minnesota, 2 ; New Hampshire, 2 ;
Administeation of a. E. Burnside. 129
New Jersey, 5 ; New York, 9 ; Ohio, 5 ; Pennsylvania, 7 ; Khode
Island, 5 ; Texas, 1 ; "Wisconsin, 2. Total, Departments, 16 ; Kep-
resentatives, 62 ; total Officers and Representatives, 75.
Commander-in-Chief Burnside, in his address, referred to the
change of Headquarters from Washington to New York city,
where his business was located, his selection of a staff, and the
general instructions given them to curtail expenditures and reduce
the cost of all supplies to Departments.
He expressed his satisfaction with the attention given to the
office while he was absent in Europe, by Senior Vice- Commander-
in-Chief Wagner, " whose long identification with the Order, and
whose executive ability and high integrity enabled him to do
even more for the good of the Order than I could have done."
In closing he said :
" I congratulate the Encampment on the general healthy condition of the Order,
and hope that the coming year may prove even more prosperous. Comrades, I am glad
to meet you here to-day. We are assembled as representatives of an organization com-
posed of men who survived the struggle which was made by the loyal people of our
country, for the preservation of our national government. We do not assemble to
consult with each other as to what is most conducive to our own personal interests,
nor as to what is most conducive to the success of any political party. We are here as
the representatives of a band of brothers, who served together on the field of battle, and
stood shoulder to shoulder in opposition to the rebellion which was organized to ob-
literate the fairest form of government that man ever devised. Whilst we should de-
clare ourselves as loyal in the extreme, and utterly in opposition to any doctrine
which would tend in the slightest degree to revive the heresy of secession, we .should
declare our charity toward those of our late enemies in the field who have now re-
cognized, or may hereafter recognize the great wrong they have done to our country.
Charity is a christian virtue, but I am free to say to you here, that while I fully en-
dorse the theory or practice, if you may call it so, of forgiving those who fought
against us, and granting to them all the amnesty which the wisdom of our represen-
tatives in Congress may deem right and proper, I find it even more difficult to forget
and forgive the shortcomings of men in the North who had all the lights before them,
and while our comrades were in the field, enduring all possible hardships, risking life,
reputation and fortune — risked nothing, but sat in their .safe quarters at home, and
either croaked about the inefliciency of our armies, or shivered with fear to such an
extent as to make them ask for compromise — thus failing to show the courage and
sagacity necessary to realize that a great God in Heaven would crown our efforts with
success, if we only used our best endeavors to maintain the integrity of our nation.
These men we necessarily hold in distrust, and they can never, for one moment, re-
ceive our sympathy or friend.ship. A brave, open enemy may be respected, but a
halting, false friend must always be despised.
We should never cease to remember the great aid and encouragement that we
received from the brave and loyal people of our country who did everything to sus-
tain, support and encourage us whilst we were in the field. We should ever hold
9
180 Grand Army of the Republic.
them in high esteem, and be ready to reciprocate the friendship and support they
gave to us, without reference to, or thought of, party or creed.
Think, my comrades, of your great anxiety, trial and suffering; think of the
anxious days and nights passed by you in the field, when it would have been much
easier for you to have declared for compromise or for a cessation of hostilities, had
you failed to appreciate the necessity of maintaining our national integrity. Who of
3'ou, my comrades, to win back a lost limb, to regain licalth expended iu the public
service, to have restored to you the brother or comrade left on the field of battle, or to
recover the hopes and business prospects voluntarily left behind when you took up
arms to defend the country, would give up the grand heritage that you have by your
valor won — the union of States unbroken? Not one of you, I am sure.
When our country called, you went to her assistance; when the great work was
accomplished, you returned to your homes with readiness, yielding cheerfully all of-
fices and emoluments, asking nothing for the future but the right to enter upon
your old pursuits or to seek new ones as fancy might dictate. We are now citizens,
and I maintain that, as a body, the soldiers of our country deserve to be recognized as
intelligent, industrious and law abiding. Let us, my comrades, when we return to
our homes, to our constituents, seek to impress upon them the necessity of continuing
the course which has characterized the soldiers and sailors since the war, and never
grow weary in the good work we have taken upon ourselves, of " Fraternity, Charity
and Loyalty."
It was voted that the address of the Commander-in-Chief be
adopted and incorporated as part of the records, and published to
the country as the voice of the National Encampment.
REPORTS OP STAFF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General Roswell Miller stated that the condition of
the several Departments would be fully shown in the rejjort of
the Inspector-General.
The work of re-organizing demoralized Departments had been
pushed, and results were encouraging. At the beginning of the
year the following Departments were found to be in a disordered
and dormant state, making no reports to National Headquarters,
and showing little signs of life : — Alabama, Arkansas, Colorjulo,
Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana,
Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Mexico, North
Carolina, South Carolina and Tennessee — in all eighteen.
Three Provisional Departments had been organized into per-
manent Departments during the year : Virginia, July 27, 1871 ;
Texas, Fe])ruary 12, 1872 ; Kansas, February 22, 1S72.
The operation of the rule requiring Posts to drop comrades
one year in arrears, had proved an efficient sanitary measure, but
]i;i(l rcilncfMl the nutubers of members by lopping off paper men.
Administration of A. E. Buknside. 131
The radical changes in the Eitual went into effect at the beginning
of the third quarter, 1871. It almost entirely stopjDed the growth
in members during the remainder of the year — Departments and
Posts being occupied in putting the new work into operation.
The reports to the Adjutant-General showed, however, that gains
had been large enough to compensate for losses. It was generally
believed that both the changes above referred to, though produc-
tive of temporary disorder and loss, had placed the Order on a
better working basis than it occupied with the cumbersome
method of ridding itself of dead wood, and the tedious process of
bringing in new members.
30,000 copies of General Orders and circulars were issued
during the year, and 46,000 copies of revised forms for reports.
10,000 copies of the Ritual and 5,700 copies of the Installation
Service prepared by Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Wagner,
Inspector-General Beath and Department Commander Reeder of
Pennsylvania, had been issued. The price of badges had been re-
duced from $0.95 to $0.70, and 4,867 had been issued.
The sum of $74,675.75 had been reported expended by Posts in
charity, relieving 673 members and 2,161 persons not members.
Quartermaster-General C. G. Attwood reported that after the
payment of all expenses, mainly for printing, and charging off in-
debtedness claimed, there remained a net balance of cash and prop-
erty, $3,073.55. No money has been expended during the year for
salaries of officers.
Judge-Advocate-General Douglas reported the several opinions
(26) rendered in cases presented during the year.
Inspector-General Robert B. Beath gave in detail the standing
of each Department, the result of the system of Post and Depart-
ment inspections instituted. He recommended changes in the
Rules and Regulations, to require only an Annual Inspection, and
that Department Commanders be authorized to divide their com-
mands into Inspection Districts, at their discretion, and appoint
the necessary corps of Assistant Inspectors.
Surgeon-General S. A. Green stated that the effort to secure a
complete medical report had been unsuccessful, the only complete
return received had been from the Department of New York. In-
complete reports had been received from seven other Depart-
ments.
132 Grand Akmy of the Republic.
committees appointed.
Eiiles, Regulations, and Ritual : — William C Bunts, Ohio ;
Fred. H. Harris, New Jersey ; Henry B. Peirce, Massachusetts ;
E. H. Rhodes, Rhode Island ; A. Wilson Norris, Pennsylvania.
Reports of Officers : — H. R. Sibley, Massachusetts ; Frank
Reeder, Pennsylvania ; Guy T. Gould, Illinois ; J. N. Coltrin,
Iowa; W. H. Lawson, Kentucky.
The case of Captain Ben. C. Card, Quartermaster U. S. A.,
who had persistently refused to employ members of the Grand
Army of the Rejjublic in his Department, and had boasted that he
would not do so, was referred to a committee consisting of Com-
rades Goble, New Jersey, Davidson, Texas, and Denison, Maryland,
who reported the following, which, after a thorough discussion,
was adopted.
Your Committee having under consideration the recommendation of the Depart
ment of Texas, in relation to the action of Assistant-Quartermaster B. C. Card, of the
United States Army, stationed at San Antonio, in the Slate of Texas, tind that the
said Card, in his official capacity, has refused to employ any person in his Department
belonging to this organization, solely because they were members of the same, and has
employed late rebel soldiers and sympathizers in their stead, thereby placing himself
in direct antagonism to an organization that has for its objects the highest and holiest
of purposes, and ostracising from employment those brave men who jeopardized their
lives that their country might live, and i)reventing their participation in the benelits
of a Government that their valor saved.
Therefore, be it resolved, that tlie Commander of this Encampment appoint a com-
mittee of three whose duty it shall be to lay these facts before the President of the
United States.
The following was unanimously adopted :
Whereas, It has been brought to the knowledge of tliis Association that tiie
present wording of the act of Congress in relation to national cemeteries, denies the
privileges of burial in them to such volunteers as are from day to day passing away:
and
Whereas, There is an amendment to the above mentioned act now before the
Senate Committee on Military Affairs, which will put a stop to this disgraceful con-
dition of things by opening the national cemeteries to all the volunteer soldiers and
sailors of the late war, and give them the privilege of sleeping by the side of their
comrades in arms: therefore,
Roiiilted, That we, as representatives of the Grand Army of the Republic, do ask,
and urge upon, the Congress of the United States, to take speedy and favorable
action on this amendment.
hVnolird, That a certified copy of these resolutions be sent to the respective
chairmen of the Committees on Military Affairs in the United States Senate and
House of Rc'.resentatives, and be given to the press for publication.
Administration of A. E. Burnside. 133
GENERAL LEGISLATION.
Comrades R. B. Beatli, Pennsylvania ; C. D. MacDougal,
NewYork ; Richard H. Lee, New Jersey ; W. S. Jenkins, Kansas,
and C R, Brayton, Rhode Island, were appointed a committee
to consider and report upon a communication presented by
Comrade Beath, suggesting action in securing needed legislation
from Congress.
The committee afterward reported as follows :
The Committee to whom was referred the suggestion in reference to legislation
in the interests of ex soldiers and sailors, offered by comrade Beath, with other reso-
lutions on the same subject referred to them, beg leave to report, that they have
given these important matters such consideration as their limited time allovped.
They recommend a careful examination of the statistics in the printed pamphlet
submitted to the National Encampment.
They express their belief that the action of Congress in allowing soldiers and
sailors, desirous of settling on public lands, the benelit of their term of service in the
Army or Navy, has disposed of the question of bounty lands.
They offer the following:
1st. That the proposed equalization of bounties under House Bill No. 574, pre-
sented by General Stoughton of Michigan, merits our heartiest approval as being
just and equitable in all its provisions, and we recommend its immediate passage by
Congress.
2d. We heartily approve the propositions for an increase of pensions as suggested,
namely, the increase to the permanently disabled under the 1st and 2d provisions of
General Chipman's bill, to $1,000 per annum; an increase to $30 per month for all
who have lost a leg or au arm, and an increase to all others of 20 per cent.
3d. That the time for making application for pensions which would entitle
the applicant to receive the back pension from date of discharge, should be extended
to May 1, 1873.
4th. In reference to Soldiers' Orphans and Training Schools, the Committee
offer the following:
Resolved, That all Comrades of the Grand Army, and .soldiers and sailors, residing
in States that have thus far neglected to provide for the education and care of the
orphan children of our deceased comrades, are earnestly urged to at once commence
a movement for the immediate establishment of Homes in such States.
Resolved, That we commend to all States the project of establishing Industrial
Schools in connection with the present system of Homes, where these children may
be specially trained to trades and occiipations, until they have attained their majority,
and are enabled to care properly and fully for themselves.
5th. Resolved, That we respectfully apply to Congress for such immediate legis-
lation as will permit the burial in our national cemeteries, of all ex-U. S. soldiers and
sailors that may die, upon application being made by their friends.
6th. Resolved, That the Commander in-Chief be authorized to appoint a Com-
mittee of Five, to whom the matter of increase of pensions and establishment of
Orphan Homes shall be referred, with full power to act.
In accordance with the last resolution. Comrades Louis Wag-
ner, Robert B, Beath, Fred. H. Harris, New Jersey, H. B. Peirce,
134 Gra^-d Army of the Republic.
Massachusetts, and O. C, Bosbyshell, Pennsylvania, -were ap-
pointed a Committee on Legislation, to present the resolutions
to Congress.
Memorial Day.
Comrade Earnshaw read to the Encampment a letter from
Comrade E. H. Rhodes, commanding Department of Rhode Island,
copies of which had been mailed to all the clergymen of that
State, earnestly requesting them to preach, on the Sunday pre-
ceding Memorial Day, a sermon commemorative of our fallen com-
rades, and the cause for which they laid down their lives.
Comrade Earnshaw strongly endorsed the idea as one that
should be generally adopted, and it Avas resolved that a request to
that effect be given to the press for publication. Attention to this
suggestion was invited, by General Burnside, in General Orders,
for Memorial Day.
Comrade Wagner, from the committee appointed to draft Rules
of Order for the National Encampment, reported a series of Rules
of Order and an Order of Business, which were adopted.
rules, regulations, and ritual.
The Committee on Rules and Regulations reported a number
of amendments. The principal changes adojDted were, 1st. — Con-
stituting Past Commanders-in-Chief and Vice-Commanders-in-
Chief, in good standing, members of the National Encampment ;
2d.— Constituting Past Department Commanders, in good standing,
members of their respective Department Encampments.
By a unanimous vote a committee was appointed to prepare
and present a suitable testimonial to Comrade Roswell Miller,
Adjutant-General, for the efficient and valuable services gratui-
tously rendered during the year.
Comrades Peirce, Massachusetts, Norris, Pennsylvania, and
Barnum, New York, were appointed such committee. They after-
wards carried out their instructions by presenting Comrade
Miller, in the name of the National Encampment, with a handsome
gold watch.
The following was adopted unanimously :
Resolved, That the thanks of this Encampment be, and are hereby tendered to
tlie Inspector-General, H. B. Beath; the Quartermaster-General. C. G. Attwood; the
Judge-Advocate-General, W. W. Douglas; and the Surgeon-General, Samuel A.
Administration of A. E. Burnside. 135
Green, for the very able manner in which they have discharged the duties of their
several offices.
Comrades McMiirdy, Colorado, J. A. Reynolds, New York, and
Horatio Rogers, Rhode Island, were appointed a committee to re-
turn the thanks of the Encampment to Mr. and Mrs. Amasa Stone,
for the courteous and handsome reception, given the National En-
campment, Tuesday evening, at their residence
The following was unanimously adopted :
Resolved, That our thanks are due to the members of Posts 23 and 69, G. A. R ,
and to the warm-hearted people of the beautiful city of Cleveland, for the gen-
erous hospitality extended to us, as representatives of the Grand Army of the
Republic ; also to the various railroad and steamboat lines, whose courtesy we have
experienced.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The following officers were elected :
Commander-in-Chief, A. E. Burnside, re-elected.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Louis Wagner, re-elected.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, J. Warren Keifer, Ohio.
Surgeon-General, Dr. Samuel A. Graen, Massachusetts, re-
elected for third term.
Chaplain-in-Chief, Rev. William Earnshaw, re-elected.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
California, James Coey ; Colorado, J. H. McMurdy ; Connec-
ticut, H. Clay Trumbull ; Delaware, S. A. Macallister ; Illinois,
Solomon Ruttsr ; Iowa, Richard Middleton ; Kansas, A. D. Nie-
mann ; Kentucky, G. W. Northup ; Maine, George L. Beal ; Mary-
land, A. W. Denison ; Massachusetts, Wm. Cogswell ; Minnesota,
James George ; Mississippi, J. C. Tucker ; New Hampshire, S. C.
Griffin ; New Mexico, S. B. Wheelock ; New Jersey, Frederick H.
Harris ; New York, A. P. Ketchum ; Ohio, C. A. Vaughan ; Penn-
sylvania, W. W. Brown ; Potomac, James T. Smith ; Rhode Island,
C. R. Brayton ; Texas, James Davidson ; Virginia, J. M. Thacher ;
Wisconsin, George A. Hanaford.
CHAPTER XL
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF A. E. BURN&IDE
(SECOND TERM)— SEVENTH ANNUAL SESSION, NEW HAVEN,
CONNECTICUT, MAY 14, 1873.
Headquarters was retained in New York city, with tlie same
staff officers, uutil Inspector-General Beatb resigned that position,
having been elected Commander of the Department of Pennsyl-
vania.
He was succeeded by Milan
B, Goodrich, then a member
of Crocker Post No. 45, Au-
burn, N. Y., but in business in
New York city. Captain
Goodrich had enlisted as a
Private in April, 1861, in 19th
N. Y. Vols., and served active-
ly during the war, being pro-
moted Corporal, Sergeant-
Major, Second Lieutenant,
and First Lieutenant, and was
brevetted Captain for gallant
and meritorious ser /ices. He
served during the closing
months of the war in respon-
sible staff positions. He died
in 1876, in New York city.
Captain M. B. Goodrich.
Joseph Warren Keifer, Junior Yice-Commander-in-Chief,
was born in Bethel township, Clark county, Ohio, January 30,
1836 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar January 12, 1858.
Enlisted, April 19, 1861 ; commissioned Major of the 3d Ohio
Infantry, April 27, 1861 ; Lieutenant-Colonel February 12, 1862 ;
Colonel of the llOth Ohio Vol. Inf., September 30, 1862 ; was
severely wounded in the "Wilderness," May 5, 1864. After
having served in campaigns in the field in West Virginia, Ken-
[186J
Administration of A. E. Burnside.
137
tucky, Tennessee, Alabama
and Georgia, lie was bre-
vetted Brigadier - General,
November 30, 1864, " for gal-
lant and meritorious services
in the battles of Opequan,
Fisliers' Hill, and Cedar
Creek, Virginia ; " brevetted
Major-General " for gallant
and distinguished services
during the campaign ending
in the surrender of the In-
surgent Army under General
K E. Lee," July 1, 1865.
Mustered - out of service,
June 27, 1865, having been
four times wounded; resumed
the practice of law at Springfield, Ohio, 1865 ; was a member of
the Ohio Staie Senate in 1868-69 ; Commander of the Department
of Ohio, G. A. R., 1868-70 ; Trustee of Ohio Soldiers' -and Sailors'
Orphans Home from its organization, April 16, 1870, to March 5,
1878 ; was Representative from Ohio in the 45th, 46th and 47tli
Congresses, and was elected Speaker of the latter body, Decem-
ber 5, 1881. He resides in Springfield, Ohio.
General J. Warren Keifek.
SEVENTH ANNUAL SESSION.
The National Encampment met in the Hall of the House of
Representatives, New Haven, Connecticut, May 14, 1873 ; Com-
mander-in-Chief A. E. Burnside, presiding.
COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS.
Adjutant-General Roswell Miller, Comrades C. R. Brayton,
■Rhode Island, Daniel Woodall, Delaware, and A. P. Ketchum,
New York.
OFFICERS PRESEN:
Commander-in-Chief A. E. Burnside.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Louis Wagner.
Surgeon-General Samuel A. Green.
Adjutant-General Roswell Miller.
138 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
Quartermaster-General Cornelius G. Attwood.
Inspector-General M. B. Goodrich.
Judge-Advocate-General William AV. Douglas.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
G. L. Beal, Maine ; C. K Brayton, Rhode Island ; M. T.
Dwyer, New Jersey ; J. H. Goulding, Vermont ; ^\. Cogswell,
Massachusetts ; H. Clay Trumbull, Connecticut ; A. P. Ketchum,
New York ; C. S. Greene, Pennsylvania ; John McArthur, Con-
necticut.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
Connecticut, 5 ; Delaware, 2 ; Illinois, 2 ; Kentucky, 1 ; Maine,
3 ; Massachusetts, 4 ; New Hampshire, 3 ; New Jersey, 3 ; New
York, 7 ; Ohio, 2 ; Pennsylvania, 3 ; Potomac, 3 ; Rhode Island, 4 ;
Texas, 1 ; Vermont, 4 ; AA'iscousin, 1. Total, 16 Departments, 48
Representatives.
Commander-in-Chief Burnside briefly addressed the Encamp-
ment, reported the Order prospering, and expressed his gratifica-
tion that -during an exciting political campaign it had been de-
monstrated that the Grand Army was entirely free from any par-
tisan tendencies. He announced that he could not under any cir-
cumstances again serve as Commander-in-Chief. He said the offi-
cers of his staff had performed their duties in the most intelligent
and faithful manner, and without compensation.
REPORTS OF STAFF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General Roswell Miller reported :
The aggregate membership of the Departments remain about the same as at last
Report. The following statement shows the changes reported, as compared with the
same quarters of the previous year :
1881.— 3 quarters. 1872.— 3 quarters.
Gain— By Muster . , . 6.201 3,716
From Suspended . 2.217 1,894
Total Gain . . . 8,418 5,610
Loss— By Death ... 287 196
" Discharge . . 263 178
" Suspension . . 7,786 4,957
" Dismissal . . 52 28
Total Loss . , . 8,388 5,350
Administration of A. E. Burnside. 139
The following Departments have reported regularly: Maine, New Hampshire,
Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island. New York, New Jersey, Penn-
sylvania, Delaware, Virginia, Kentucky, Ohio, Wisconsin, California, Potomac,
Minnesota, New Mexico, Texas, Georgia, Mississippi, Illinois, Louisiana, — twenty-
three (23) in number. The average number of Departments reporting in 1870, was
16; in 1871, 20; in 1872, 23.
The following Departments were reported as " disorganized and dormant" at the
beginning of the year 1871: Illinois, Indiana, Mississippi, Tennessee, Michigan, Ne-
braska, Colorado, Kansas, Iowa, Georgia, Missouri, Florida, North Carolina, New
Mexico, Arkansas, Alabama, South Carolina, Louisiana and West Virginia. Of these
the following showed no signs of life: Arkansas, Alabama, South Carolina, West
Virginia, Michigan, and Indiana.
The results of the two years' work is briefly this:
Departments disorganized and non-reporting at the beginning of the year 1871,
.since reorganized and now regularly reporting: Illinois, Mississippi, New Mexico,
Louisiana. (5)
Departments discontinued: North Carolina, West Virginia and South Carolina. (8)
Departments organized but non-reporting: Colorado, Kansas, Iowa. (3)
Departments remaining disorganized: Indiana, Tennessee, Michigan, Nebraska,
Missouri, Florida, Arkansas, Alabama. (8)
Provisional Departments permanently organized: Virginia, Texas, and Kansas. (3)
Charity.— The reports cover three quarters of 1873. and show $48,222.23 expended,
932 members relieved, and 1,430 persons, not members, relieved. The reports are
incomplete, and do not show the entire work.
Quartermaster-General Cornelius G. Attwood reported cash
and assets on hand, $4,126,83, and continued :
" When, two years since, the present staif officers assumed their positions, and it
was ascertained that National Headquarters was completely bankrupt, your instruc-
tions were given to limit expenses to the lowest pos.sible figure, and endeavor, by
careful management, to pay off whatever indebtedness was bequeathed, and, if
possible, show a surplus at the end of the term of service.
To this end the expenses of the Headquarters have been confined to rent in New
York, necessary travelling expenses, postage, telegrams and other minor items; all
of the National officers having given their time and labor without charge to the
Order."
Inspector-General M. B. Goodrich presented a complete report
of the Inspections of Departments, and appended a statement of
Soldiers' and Sailors' Homes, and Soldiers' Orphans Schools in
the different States.
Judge-Advocate-General W. W. Douglas, presented the opinions
given in eighteen cases submitted during the year.
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On Report of Commander-in-Chief : — W. G. Veazey, Vermont;
A. S. Perham, Maine ; C. Morris, Ohio ; C. Parker, Texas ; Chas.
Burrows, New Jersey.
140 Grand Army of tiie Uepublic.
On Reports of Adjutant-General and Quartermaster-General :
— H. R. Sibley, Massachusetts ; T. W. Cliallis, New Hampshire ;
H. Hilliard, Illinois ; E. H. Rhodes, Rhode Island ; O. C. Boshy-
shell, Pennsylvania.
On Reports of Inspector-General, Judge-Advocate-General and
other officers : — W. W. Brown, Pennsylvania ; J. R. Goble, New
Jersey ; T. Lubey, Potomac ; J. H. Goulding, Vermont ; and Ed.
Ferguson, Wisconsin.
On Rules, Regulations, and Ritual : — S. P. Corliss, New
York ; H. B. Peirce, Massachusetts ; A. W. Norris, Pennsylvania ;
C. L. Russell, Ohio ; H. Clay Trumbull, Connecticut.
REPORTS OP COMMITTEES.
RULES, REGULATIONS, AND RITUAL.
The Committee on Rules, Regulations, and Ritual recommended
the adoption of the form of " Burial Service " presented by the
Department of Massachusetts ; that the Rules and Regulations be
changed : 1st. To constitute the Assistant Adjutant-General of
each Department, a member of the National Encampment ; 2d. To
provide for the appointment of a Chief Mustering Officer in De-
partments.
They reported adversely upon the propositions to abolish the
rules as to secrecy ; To abolish the Medical Directors' depart-
ment ; For the establishment of an auxiliary association for wives
of members, to be known as the " Clara Barton " Degree.
The report of the Committee was adopted.
OFFICIAL BADGES.
The subject of badges for Officers and Past Officers was re-
ferred to a special committee consisting of A. B. Underwood,
Massachusetts, Chas. Burrows, New Jersey, and C. A. Wells, New
York, who reported in favor of a badge to be worn by officers,
when on duty, or on occasions of ceremony.
The Committee suggested that if the Encampment decided that
the l)adge sliould be worn by Past Officers, the official badge
proper for their positions should be placed beneath the eagle
of the raembf^rship badge.
The amendment providing for a badge for officers was adopted,
and the proposition for badges for Past Officers was rejected.
Administration op A. E. Buenside. 141
RESOLUTIONS.
Kesolutions pledging tlie co-operation of the Grand Army of
the Republic in aid of the International Exhibition, to be held in
Philadelphia, July 4, 1876, commemorative of the One-hundredth
Anniversary of the Independence of the United States of America '■>
and also directing the Commander-in-Chief to arrange for the
decoration of soldiers graves in the national cemeteries at Mari-
etta and Andersonville, were adopted.
RESOLUTIONS OP THANKS.
Resolutions were adopted thanking the comrades of Admiral
Foote Post, who had served as guards during the Encampment ;
also to Admiral Foote Post, Grand Army of the Republic, of New
Haven, for their generous hospitality, and " to the citizens of the
city of New Haven, for the kindness they have manifested toward
the soldiers and sailors who are visiting the beautiful ' City of
Elms,' and that the Adjutant-General be requested to publish
this in the New Haven papers."
The following was adopted by a rising vote.
Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed to procure, and in the name of
the Grand Army of the Republic, present to Comrade Ambrose E. Burnside, a
testimonial expressive of the high regard and esteem entertained for him by the
comrades of the Grand Army, and for the faithful and able manner in which he has,
for the past two years, discharged the duties of Commander in-Chief, — his whole
administration reflecting credit upon the organization, and illustrating, most con-
spicuously, our principles of Fraternity, Charity, and Loyalty.
Comrades Beath, of Pennsylvania, Corliss of New York, and
■Peirce of Massachusetts, were appointed the committee. See
Chapter following.
The following resolutions were unanimously adopted :
Resolved, That the members of this National Encampment gratefully recognize
the loDg and faithful service of Senior Vice-Commander in-Chief Louis Wagner,
of Pennsylvania ; for a considerable period acting Commander-in-Chief. His devo-
tion to the interests of the Grand Army of the Republic; his efl3cient administration
of the affairs of the high positions he has filled ; his admirable impartiality, prompt-
ness and vigor in dispatching the business of this Encampment, when called to pre-
side therein. — have constantly won our hearty commendation, and in recognition
of our esteem, we liereby tender to Comrade Wagner the cordial thanlis of this
Encampment.
Resolved, That the Adjutant-General cause a suitable testimonial to be prepared
and presented to Comrade Wagner.
1'42 Grand ArxMY of the Hepublic.
In accordance with the above a handsome gold badge, com-
bining the badges of the Grand Army of tlie Republic and the
First and Fifth Corps, Army of the Potomac, was duly presented
to Comrade AVagner.
The following was unanimously adopted :
Resoli'f'd, That the thanks of the National Encampment, Grand Army of the
Republic, are due, and are hereby tendered, to Comrade Roswell Miller, for the
faithful and intelliirent manner in which he has perfonned the arduous and respon-
sible duties of his oflice.
Resolved, That our thanks are due, and are hereby tendered, to the Inspector Gen-
eral, Comrade 31. B. Goodrich, the Judge- Advocate General, Comrade W. W.
Douglas, the Quartermaster General, Comrade C. G. Attwood, the Surgeon-Gen-
eral, Comrade Samltel A. Green, the Chaplain in Chief, Comrade Wm. Earnshaw,
and the Council of Administration, for the able manner in which they have
attended to their duties.
The Committee on the Report of the Quartermaster-General
presented the following :
In view of the fact that Comrade Attwood's books and accounts present so satis-
factory a result, and inasmuch as he has given his services to the Grand Army of the
Republic gratuitously, the committee beg leave to offer the following resolution:
Resolved, That the thanks of the National Encampment are due, and are hereby
tendered, to Comrade Cornt:lius G. Attwood, for his able supervision of the
finances of our Order, and that a committee of three be appointed to procure a proper
testimonial to be presented to Comrade Attwood, expressive of the respect and esteem
with which he is held by the comrades of this Order.
The report was adopted, and Comrades H. R, Sibley, of Mass-
achusetts, O. C. Bosbyshell, of Pennsylvania, and T. AV. Challis,
of New Hampshire, were appointed the committee to procure a
testimonial for the Quartermaster-General.
The committee afterwards procured and presented to Comrade
Attwood, on behalf of the National Encampment, a beautiful gold
watch, suitably inscribed.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The following officers were elected :
Commander-in-Chief, Chas. Devens, Jr., Massachusetts.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, John R. Goble, New Jersey.
Junior Vice-Commander-iu-Chief, Edward Ferguson, Wis-
consin.
Surgeon-General, Dr. Hans Powell, New York.
Chaplain-in-Chief, Rev. Augustus Woodbury, Rhode Island.
Administration of A. E. Burnside, 143
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
California, James Coey ; Connecticut, H. Clay Trumbull ; Ill-
inois, John McArtliur ; Kentucky, G. W, Northup ; Maine, Geo.
L. Beal ; Massachusetts, Wm. Cogswell ; Minnesota, James
George ; New Hampshire, Wm. P. Moses ; New Jersey, Richard
H. Lee ; New York, H. A. Barnum ; Ohio, C. L. Russell ; Penn-
sylvania, Robert L. Orr ; Potomac, T. Lubey ; Rhode Island, Ir-
win Metcalf ; Texas, S. B. Grafton ; Vermont, J. H. Goulding ;
Virginia, J. M. Thacher ; Wisconsin, Geo. A. Hanaford.
The members of the Encampment in the evening attended a
Concert and Reception, arranged in their honor by Admiral
Foote Post No 17, of New Haven.
CHAPTER XII.
ADMIXISTKATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF CilAELES DEVENS, Jk.
—EIGHTH ANNUAL SESSION, HARRISBURG, MAY 13, 1874.
Commander-in-Chief Devens established Headquarters in
Boston, and appointed the following staflf :
Adjutant-General, C. G. Attwood, Massachusetts.
Quartermaster-General, A. B. E. Sprague, Massachusetts.
Inspector-General, A. Wilson Norris, Pennsylvania.
Judge-Advocate-General, AV. W. Douglas, Ehode Island.
Henry B. Peirce was appointed Aid-de-Camp, and detailed for
duty at Headquarters.
General Chas. Devens, Jr., Commander-in-Chief, was born in
Charlestown, Massachusetts, April 4, 1820. He enlisted April
19, 1861, in the 3d Battalion, Massachusetts PiiHes, and was com-
missioned Major ; appointed Colonel, 15th Mass. Yols., July, 1861 ;
promoted Brigadier-General, April 15, 1862, and brevetted Major-
General, to date April 3, 1865, General Devens served with the
Armies of the Potomac and of the James, commanded 1st Brigade,
1st Division, 4th Army Corps, in May, 1862 ; the 3d Division, 6th
Army Corps, in December, 1862 ; 1st Division, 6th Army Corps,
April, 1863 ; 1st Division, 18th Army Corps, October 29, 1864 ; 3d
Division, 24tli Army Corps, December, 1864 ; and temporarily
commanded that Corj)s in January, 1865. During his service he
was three times wounded.
General Devens has held a number of responsible civil posi-
tions ; was Attorney-General of the United States during the
administration of President Hayes.
Dr. John II. Goble, Senior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, was
born in Warwick, Orange county, New York, June 7, 1837. En-
listed August 12, 1861, in Company F, 1st Wisconsin Cavalry, and
served part of the time on important detail duty as courier and
scout, was mustered-out at Calhoun, Georgia, October 31, 1864.
After formal iiinst<!r-(jut, riMiiaincd on duty with the Medical
IM4I
a£.^^<
Administration of Charles Devens, Jr. 145
Department as Assistant Surgeon, until February, 1865, when
he was compelled to resign by reason of ill-health.
Joined Wadsworth Post, New Jersey, March, 1869 ; served four
years as Post Commander ; Department Commander in 1873. Is
now in business in New York city.
Lieutenant Edward Ferguson, Junior Vice-Commander-in-
Chief, was a Private in the 1st Wisconsin, 3 months service ; re-
enlisted in the same Regiment for the three years service, and as
1st Sergeant was badly wounded at Perryville, Kentucky, October
8, 1862, resulting in the loss of his right leg below the knee, and
in the loss of the use of his left arm. He was afterwards dis-
charged as 1st Lieutenant for wounds received in action.
Joined the Grand Army of the Republic, 1866 ; served one
term as Commander of Post 56, Wisconsin; and was for three
terms Department Commander. Is now a member of E. B. Wal-
cott Post No. 1, Milwaukee. He was, for seventeen years, U. S.
Pension Agent at Milwaukee.
Dr. Hans Powell, Surgeon-General, served as Surgeon, 14:2d
N. Y. Vols., from April 3, 1863, until June 7, 1865.
He was on the field at Cedar Creek, Chapin's Farm, Fort
Fisher, Drury's Bluff and Petersburg.
After the close of the war, he was appointed Police Surgeon in
New York city, and served until 1873. He was among the first to
organize a Post of the Grand Army of the Republic in New York,
in 1867. In 1869 he joined Dahlgren Post No. 113, as a charter-
member, and was its first Commander. As Medical Director, De-
partment of New York, -in 1872, he made a report of the wounded
and disabled members of that Department, that was specially
commended by Surgeon-General Green. He was noted for his
charitable work. His time and purse Avere devoted to the relief
of unfortunate comrades.
He died in 1884, in New York city.
Rev. Augustus Woodbury, Chaplain-in-Chief, served as Chap-
lain, 1st Rhode Island, three months service, and served as an
Aid on the Staff of General Burnside at the first Bull Run.
General C. G. Attwood, Adjutant-General, had served as Quar-
termaster-General, under General Burnside. See biography and
10
146 Grand Army of the Republic.
portrait, Chapter X. He resigned as Adjutant-General, October
17, 1873, and was succeeded by Colonel Henry 11. Sibley.
General A. B. K. Sprague, Quartermaster-General, was Captain,
Company H, 3d Battalion llifles, Massachusetts Volunteer Militia,
April 19, 18G1, in three mouths serA'ice ; Lieutenant-Colonel, 25th
Massachusetts, September 9, 1861 ; Colonel, 51st Massachusetts,
November 11, 1862 ; muster'ed-out at end of term, July 27, 1863 ;
Lieutenant-Colonel, 2d Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, February
1,1864; mustered-out September 20,1865; brevetted Brigadier-
General, March 13, 1865.
Joined Post 10, Worcester, early in 1867, and was Department
Commander of Massachusetts in 1868. Has been Sheriff of Wor-
cester county since July 5, 1871.
Colonel A. AVilson Norris, Inspector-General, born in Lewis-
town, Pennsylvania, in 1842 ; entered the army as Lieutenant in
the 107th Pennsylvania Volunteers, in November, 1861 ; was cap-
tured at Gettysburg in 1863, and w^as twenty months a prisoner of
war ; honorably discharged as Captain in July, 1865 ; graduated
at the Law School of the University of Pennsylvania, in 1867,
and practiced law in Philadelphia until 1872, when appointed
private secretary to Governor Hartranft ; in May, 1876, was
appointed official reporter of the decisions of the Supreme Court
of Pennsylvania, and served in that capacity until January, 1881,
when, having been elected State Senator from the Sixth Senatorial
District, he resigned to take his seat in the Senate ; was appointed
Colonel and Aid-de-Camp on the staft" of Governor Hartranft, in
July, 1877, and Judge-Advocate-General of Pennsylvania on the
Staff of Governor Hoyt.
Declined a re-nomination to the Senate and resumed ])ractic(>
of the law ; in July, 1884, Avas appointed, by President Arthur,
United States Pension Agent at Philadelphia, and was removed by
President Cleveland, in 1885 ; elected Auditor-General of Penn-
sylvania, in 1886, for a term of three years, by over 47,000 major-
ity. AY as a member of Post 19, Philadelphia. Resigned as
Inspector-General in February, 1874, by reason of his election as
Department Commander of Pennsylvania. Died, at his home in
Philadelphia, May 21, 1888.
Administbation of CHAliLEs Devens, Jr. 147
EIGHTH ANNUAL SESSION.
The National Eucampment assembled in Harrisburg, PeuusjI-
vania, May 13, 1874. Commander-in-Chief Chas. Devens, Jr.,
presiding.
COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS.
Adjutant-General H. R. Sibley ; W. W. Brown, Pennsylvania ;
R. H. Lee, New Jersey ; G. L. Beal, Maine ; T. Lubey, Potomac.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief Chas. Devens, Jr.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief John R. Goble.
Surgeon-General Hans Powell.
Chaplain-in-Chief Augustus Woodbury.
Adjutant-General H. R. Sibley.
Inspector-General W. W. Brown.
Judge-Advocate-General W. W. Douglas.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
Geo. L. Beal, Maine ; R. H. Lee, New Jersey ; Robt. L. Orr,
Pennsylvania ; T. Lubey, Potomac ; E. Metcalf, Rhode Island ; G.
A. Hanaford, Wisconsin.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
Alabama, 1 ; Connecticut, 4 ; Illinois, 4 ; Kansas, 1 ; Maine, 1 ;
Massachusetts, 11 ; New York, 4 ; New Jersey, 4 ; New Hamp-
shire, 2 ; Ohio, 2 ; Pennsylvania, 7 ; Potomac, 5 ; Rhode Island,
2 ; Vermont, 2 ; Virginia, 1. Departments, 15 ; Department Offi-
cers and Representatives, 51.
Commander-in-Chief Devens briefly addressed the Encamp-
ment. He said ; * * * *
" The objects of our Association are such as should comraeud themselves, not only
to all those who have fought under the flag of the Union, but to all good citizens.
How far we shall succeed in accomplishing those objects depends in no small degree
upon our own prudence, zeal and energy.
Attempts have been made to secure the influence of the Grand Army of the Kepub-
lic in matters purely political, and all such were in violation of the whole spirit of our
Order.
Let us, as individuals, express and maintain freely our own opinions upon politics,
and all the details of politics, but let it be understood that our organization has no sys-
148 Grand Army of the Republic.
tern of politics except that irreat and g-raud system in which all true men are agreed,
whether citizens or soldiers — those principles of devotion, to the death if need be, for
Liberty and the Laws, for the Constitution and the Union, Avhich we once preached
with our rifles in our hands and our country's flag above our heads, amid the smoke
and fire of an hundred battle-fields. Let it be known that by these principles alone
we are united, that this society does not exist for any personal ends or selfish purposes,
and that it is not to be used by any man or any set of men.
Agreeable and delightful as are the social characteristics of our association, it has
higher aims than these. To guard and cherish the memory of those of our comrades who
have passed away; to teach the inestimable value of the services of those who— unused
to the trade of arms — did not hesitate, when the hour of trial came, to leave the plow
in the furrow' and the hammer on the anvil, and commit themselves to the shock of
battle, appealing to the Grod of battles for the justice of their cause, is with us a most
sacred duty. And this, not alone that the dead may be honored, but that the living
may be encountged to imitate their example, and that the strong spirit of nationality
and loyalty to the Government Avhich bore us up so bravely through four years of
unexampled trial, may be fostered and strengthened, and that we ourselves may be
consecrated anew to the cause for which so many have suffered.
The motto which our Order bears, of Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty, is the brief
summary of its principles. Let us endeavor, that all we may do shall tend to the
strengthening and brightening of that chain of friendship which should unite all those
who have offered their lives in a great and holy cause, to the forwarding of those
charities of which the distressed and broken, or those whom they have left behind
them, are so much in need, and to the old spirit of loj'alty and devotion to our common
country.'
The committee appointed by tlie seventh National Encamp-
ment to procure a testimonial for Comrade A. E. Burnside, Past
Commander-in-Chief, had requested Commander-in-Chief Devens
to make the presentation address.
The testimonial read as follows :
Headquauteks Grand Akmy of the Republic,
Boston, Mass., May 17, 1873.
In accordance with the imanimous vote of the National Encampment, Grand
Array of the Republic, at New Haven, Conn., May 15, 1873, this testimonial is
j)rcsenled to
Comkade AMBltOSE E. BUKN^IDE,
as a mark of the high esteem entertained for him as a comrade, and in ai)preciation of
his able, faithful and zealous administration, for two years, of the resiionsil)le duties of
Commandeuin-Chief; illustrating as a man and an officer, the cardinal principles of
our Order— Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty.
CHAS. DEVENS, Jr.,
[seal.] Gomnumder -in-Chief.
HENRY \\. SIBLEY,
Adjutant General.
The testimonial was Leautifully engrossed and elegantly
framed, a photograph of Comrade Burnside forming a part of the
, <^AM^r
1 r ^
Group of National Officers, 1873.
Administration of Charles Devens, Jr. 149
ornamentation. Commander-in-Cliief Devens spoke substantially
as follows :
Al the last National Encampment a committee was appointed (consisting of Com-
rades Beatli, Corliss and Peirce) to prepare a testimonial for our late Commander in-
Chief, which should in some degree express the regard and respect felt for him by the
members of this organization. This duty they have performed by causing to be en
grossed and framed this expression of our esteem, which is now before you, and they
have requested me, on their behalf and that of the last National Encampment, in your
presence, to present the same; and their request I now proceed to fulfill.
Comrade Burnside,— in parting with you most reluctantly, and at your own request,
as the Commander-in Chief of their organization, the comrades of the Grand Army
desire to express to you, by this testimonial, their love for you as a comrade, their
respect and esteem for you as a man, their appreciation of the eminent services it has
been your good fortune to render to the Republic. They have known you as one who,
called to a high position in the army, has felt always that the life, comf ortr and happi-
ness of every man under his command was dear to kim as his own ; who, alike in the
hours of victory, or disaster and defeat, thought far more of the welfare of others than
of himself; whose influence was always high, ennobling and inspiring to those around
him; and who was always, in deeds and not in words only, truly a comrade.
Accepting its highest position at a time when, by accidental circumstances, the
treasury of the National Encampment had become embarrassed, you have rescued it
from these troubles and placed it upon a firmer footing than ever before. The Order
is based upon the principles of Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty ; its success must de-
pend solely upon how well it, as an organization, and its members as individuals, act
up to them. Believing that you have nobly exemplified them in your lif e,^ both as a
soldier and a citizen, they ask respectfully your acceptance of this testimonial.
THE RESPONSE.
In response, Comrade Burnside said that he had no words
with which to express his appreciation of the motive which
prompted the comrades to this exhibition of their good will ; that
the testimonial would ever have a place among his dearest treas-
ures ; that he considered the Grand Army superior to any of the
other organizations which have grown out of the war, and that, in
his opinion, it would outlive them all.
REPORTS OF STAFF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General H. R. Sibley referred to the severe loss sus-
tained by the Order in the destruction of the books of record,
files of reports, letters and other property, containing much inter-
esting material, relative to the history of the Order, by fire, on
the previous Memorial Day, May 30, 1873.
I'O Grand Army of the Eepublic.
"Comrade Henry B. Peihce, Aid-de-Camp to the Commander-in Chief, was de-
tailed for duty iit Ileadcjuarters. In him are combiueel <^reat experience in, and gen-
uine love for, the (<ran(l.Army, and 1 am largely indebted to him for valuable aid in
the conduct of business through the \ear, and in the jireparation of material for the
annual rei)ort.''
The Departments that have rept)rted at all for the i)ast two years, show gains and
losses as follows:
1872. 1873.
Gain— By iAIuster . . 5,760 5,599
" Transfer . . 443 473
From Suspended 2,941 2,932
Total Gain . . 9,144
9,004
Loss— By Death . - . 294
307
" Discharge . 274
246
" Suspension . 5,261
5,045
" Transfer. . 642
519
" Dishon. disch. 36
27
Dropped . . 3,060
3,321
Total Loss . . 9,567
9,465
In addition to the correspondence to awaken an interest in localities where little or
none was manifested, a circular has been issued to former comrades and prominent
ex-soldiers in several States.
Quartermaster-General A. B. R. Sprague, reported receipts
from all sources, ^G,736.22 ; expenditures, $3,514.70 ; balance cash
on hand, 83,221.52 ; net assets over liabilities, $4,117.45.
Reports were aloo received in print, and duly referred, from In-
spector-General W. W. Brown, Judge-Advocate-General "W. W.
Douglas, Surgeon-General Hans Powell, and Chaplain-in-Cliief
Augustus Woodbury,
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On Address of the Commander-in-Chief: — G. L. Beal, Maine;
T. C. Boone, Ohio ; 8. B. Keuney, Virginia ; Wm. Ward, New
Jersey ; G. H. Patrick, Alabama.
On Reports of Adjutant-General and Quartermaster-General :
— E. Jardine, New York ; W. W. Henry, Vermont ; F. H.
Sprague, Potomac ; W. E. Disbrow, Connecticut ; J. AV. Drew,
New Jersey.
On Reports of Judge- Advocate-General, Inspector-General and
other officers : — G. A. Hanaford, Wisconsin ; L. L. Aldrich, New
Hampshire ; H. Hilliard, Illinois ; J. S. Fay, Massachusetts ; C. S.
Greene, Pennsylvania.
Administration of Charles Devens, Jr. 151
On Rules, Regulations, and Ritual : — Geo. S. Merrill, Massa-
cliiisetts ; R. B. Beath, Pennsylvania ; G. M. Barber, Oliio ; J. C.
J. Langbein, New York ; E. Metcalf, Rhode Island.
On Resolutions : — O. C. Bosbyshell, Pennsylvania ; AY. 8. Jen-
kins, Kansas ; Judge-Advocate-General Douglas.
E. H. Rhodes, Rhode Island, Daniel White, Maine, J. R. Goble,
New Jersey, A. B. Underwood, Massachusetts, and Frank Reeder,
Pennsylvania, were appointed a committee to consider a badge for
Past Officers. They subsequently recommended the following :
Past Officers in the Grand Army of the Republic may wear the strap of the official
badge proper for the highest position held by them in the Grand Army, with a clasp
upon the ribbon proper for such position, beneath the bronze eagle of the membership
badge, to which the whole shall be pendant.
Adopted unanimously.
RULES, REGULATIONS, AND RITUAL.
The Committee on Rules, Regulations, and Ritual reported a
number of amendments. The principal changes were, 1st. That
Posts, at their option, be permitted to dispense with a portion of
the opening ceremonies ; 2d. To constitute Past Department Com-
manders, so long as they remain in good standing in their Posts,
members of the National Encampment ; 8d. That Departments
may adopt a uniform for their own members, and, when no uni-
form is prescribed by a Department, each Post may adopt a
uniform.
RESOLUTIONS.
The Committee on Resolutions reported resolutions urging
Congressional action for increased pensions to wounded and dis-
abled soldiers and sailors, and especially to those totally disabled ;
also asking Congress to provide compensation for women who
had served as nurses in the field during the war ; thanking the
Ladies Union Relief Association of New York city, for their as-
sistance to comrades in distress.
Resolutions were adopted, thanking General M. C. Meigs,
Quartermaster-General U. S. A., for the erection of an appropri-
ate building in Arlington National Cemetery, for use of the Grand
Army of the Republic on each Memorial Day, and for the zeal and
interest he had manifested on their behalf.
152 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
Tlianks were duly voted to Post No, 58, Grand Army of tlie
Eepublic, aud citizeus of Harrisburg ; the Committee of Arrange-
meuts, the Legislature and the. Executive Departments, for the
many courtesies and hospitalities extended to the National En-
campment.
ELECTION OP OFFICERS.
The following officers were elected :
Commander-in-Chief, Chas. Devens, Jr., re-elected.
Senior Yice-Commauder-in-Chief, Edward Jardine, New York.
Junior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, Guy T. Gould, Illinois.
Surgeon-General, Dr. Hans Powell, New York, re-elected.
Chaplain-in-Chief, Kev. Augustus AVoodbury, Rhode Island,
re-elected.
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
California, David J. Simmons ; Connecticut, S. M. Smith ; Illi-
nois, J. J. Palmer ; Kansas, AYilliam Emerson ; Maine, Edward
Moore ; Massachusetts, C. G. Attwood ; Minnesota, James George ;
New Hampshire, Wm. P. Moses ; New Jersey, A. M. Way ; New
York, E. A. Perry ; Ohio, J. H. Seymour ; Pennsylvania, James
W. Latta ; Potomac, Amos J. Gunning ; Ehode Island, T. ^V. Hig-
ginson ; Yerniont, F, A. Lewis ; Yirginia, H.B. Nichols ; Wiscon-
sin, Gabe Bouck.
When the Encampment adjourned, the delegates, headed by
Beck's Philadelphia Band, visited the executive mansion, to pay
their respects to Governor Hartranft, and were very kindly re-
ceived and entertained by the Governor and Mrs. Hartranft ; after
which they escorted the Commander-in-Chief to the Lochiel
Hotel, to partake of a banquet tendered to the Grand Army and
the Society of the Army of the Potomac, by the citizens of
Harrisburg.
CHAPTER XIII.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF DEVENS (SECOND
TERM)— NINTH ANNUAL SESSION, CHICAGO, MAY 12, 1875.
Headquaeters was continued in Boston, with Henry K. Sib-
ley, Adjutant-General ; A. B. R. Sprague, Quartermaster-General ;
W. W. Brown, Pennsylvania, Inspector-General ; W. W. Douglas,
Judge-Advocate-General, and Henry B. Peirce, Aid-de-Camp.
General Edward Jardine,
elected Senior Yice-Com-
mander-in-Cliief, had pre-
viously served as Inspector-
General, by election in Phil-
adelphia, 1868. He was
commissioned. May, 1861,
as Captain 9tli N. Y. Vols. ;
Major, February, 1862, and
Lieutenant-Colonel, April,
1863. The regiment served
actively in the " Burnside
Expedition," and as part of
the Ninth Army Corps ; the
two years term of the regi-
ment expired in May, 1863,
and in July, 1863, Colonel
Jardine was in New York city recruiting his regiment for the three
years term, when the Draft Riots occurred, and he was placed in
command of a detachment of troops for service against the mob.
While so serving he was severely wounded in the thigh, produc-
ing a compound fracture.
His life was saved through some ladies noticing his sad con-
dition and taking him into their house, where he was hidden until,
some hours later, the mob broke in to search for wounded sol-
diers. Colonel Jardine had served through the day in citizen
dress, and as the soldiers in uniform had previously escaped from
[153]
General Ed. Jardine.
154
Grand Army of the Kepublic.
tlie liouse his statement that he was a civilian was believed, or,
hatlly wounded as he was, he would undoubtedly have been then
brutally murdered.
He was afterwards commissioned Lieutenant-Colonel, 17th
Regiment, New York Veteran Volunteers, and bre vetted Brigadier-
General, November 2, 18()5.
He joined Phil. Kearny Post,
G. A. K, Newark, N. J., in 18()();
was Provisional Commander,
Department of New Jerse}',
and Department-Commander,
18(17-1868. In 1874 was De-
partment-Commander of New-
York ; is now a member of
Post 108, New York city.
Guy Torrance Gould, Junior
Vice - Commander - in - Chief,
served Avith Company H, '2d
N. Y. Vol. Inf., from April 28,
1861, to August 27, 1865 ; was
mustered-out as Quartermas-
ter-Sergeant of the regiment. Mustered into the Grand Army of
the Republic, in Nevius Post No. 1, Rockford, Illinois, May 7, 1867;
Post Adjutant, 1869 ; Adju-
tant of Ransom Post, Chica-
go, Illinois, 1870-1871; Post f'
Commander, 1872 ; Senior
Vice Department-Command-
er, 1872 ; Department-Com-
mander, 1873 and 1874.
Guy T. (tOild.
A\ . W. Rrown, Inspector-
General, was born in Cayu-
ga, New York, 1836. In
1838 his ]iai(mts removed to
Elk county, Pennsylvania.
He left Alfred College, New
York, on the first call for
troops, enlisting in Com-
pany H, 23d New York, ob-
W. W. Hitow.v.
Administration of Charles Bevens, Jr. 155
taining leave of absence in June to permit him to graduate with
his class. He Avas transferred to the 1st Pennsylvania " Buck-
tails," and served with that regiment until mustered-out at ex-
piration of term.
After the war he was Recorder of Deeds in McKean county,
Pennsylvania, and then studied law. He afterwards removed to
Corry, Erie county, Pennsylvania, and represented that city in the
Legislature, from 1872 until 1876. He was elected to Congress in
1882, and re-elected by a largely increased majority in 1884. He
joined the Grand Army of the Republic, at Corry, Pennsylvania,
1869.
By General Orders, Chaplain-in-Chief Woodbury, Judge-Ad-
vocate-General Douglas, J. C. Robinson, New York, and G. A.
Hauaford, "Wisconsin, were appointed a committee to prepare " a
commemorative service to be performed at stated periods in grate-
ful and devout remembrance of deceased comrades."
NINTH ANNUAL SESSION.
The National Encampment assembled in Chicago, May 12,
1875, Commander-in-Chief Chas. Devens, Jr., presiding,
COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS.
Adjutant-General H. R. Sibley ; G. T. Gould, Illinois ; J. J.
Palmer, Illinois ; 8. M. Smith, Connecticut.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief Chas. Devens, Jr.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Edward Jardine.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Guy T. Gould.
Surgeon-General Hans Powell.
Adjutant-General H. R. Sibley.
Judge-Advocate-General W. W. Douglas.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
S. M. Smith, Connecticut ; J. J. Palmer, Illinois ; F. W. Sulli-
van, New Jersey ; Chas. S. Greene, Pennsylvania ; Gabe Bouck,
Wisconsin.
15 G Grand Army of the Kepublic.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
Connecticut, 4 ; Illinois, (5 ; Massachusetts, IG ; Minnesota, 7 ;
Missouri (Provisional), 1 ; New Hampshire, 2 ; New Jersey, 5 ;
New York, 8 ; Ohio, 2 ; Pennsylvania, 10 ; Potomac, 5 ; Rhode
Island, 5 ; Vermont, 2 ; Wisconsin, 5. Total, l-I Departments ;
78 Representatives.
Commander-in-Chief Devens then addressed the Encamp-
ment : * * * *
In some of its forms, and in the modes in which it enables its members to recognize
each other, the Grand Army of the Kepublic is a secret organization. But its secrecy
is limited to these; in all its real purposes and objects it has no concealments or
reservations, nothing it is not ready to spread before the world fully and frankly. It
seeks no objects that are not sought by ever}^ true man wiio endeavored, whether in
the field or out, to do what he could for the preservation of the Union so lately
imperiled, and who is ready no'.v to honor and cherish those by whose efforts it was
saved.
It has no system of i)olitics in wliich all cannot unite, whatever other differences
they may have as to men or measures, who agree that what was done to maintain the
government was demanded by the highest considerations of patriotism and duty.
Did it have any political objects in a narrow or individual sens?; was it intended to
elevate this man or party to power and place, or to prevent another from obtaining it,
a proper and deep distrust would and ought to prevail in reference to it. No body of
citizens, even if they have been soldiers, can be allowed to separate themselves in
their political relations from the great body of their fellow citizens, and form a dis-
tinct class, without just ground of objection and complaint.
Xor is it our desire to keep alive any ill feeling which has been engendered during
the War of the Rebellion. The object of every war that can be justifiably waged, is
that thereby peace may be secured, and those who forced upon us, by insulting our
flag, by attacking our army, by battering down our fortresses, this strange and un-
natural conflict, were our countrymen.
Let the necessary and logical results of our triumph be preserved inviolate, alike
in the union of these States, and in liberty to every man who treads their soil, and
the passions and bitterness of the conflict should be allowed to die. But we cannot,
and we ouglit not to allow the memory of those by whom these results have been
achieved to .sink into oblivion ; justice to their cause, gratitudi' for their services,
demand that we at least should claim for them the place to which they are rightfully
entitletl among the heroes and martyrs of liberty.
In two instances, that of the suffering by the fire at Oshkosh, Wisconsin, during
the last summer, and that of the suffering occasioned by the locust plague in Minne-
sota, I have thought proper, by circular, to call the attention of the Order to the
condition of eonirades in those Departments.
The reconimendiitioiis of tlie last National Encampment, in reference to the pass-
age of the hills for increa.se of pensions, and for certain compensation to female
nurses, were forwarded, iiimiedi;itely after the adjournment, to Congress, and were
by me, from time Id time, enforced by conversations and correspondence, but I regret
that I caiuiot report any favorable result.
Even if tliere should he no general increase of pensions, I am clearly of opinion
Administration of Charles Devens, Jr. 157
that there should be an increase to those who suffered the loss of a leg or arm, and
that it is our duty to respectfully urge this upon the attention of the National Legis-
lature.
The carefully prepared report of the Surgeon-General will afford you many inter-
esting facts as to the number and kind of disabilities existing among our numbers.
The Commander-in-Chief then expressed his obligations for
the services of the members of his staff, especially naming Adju-
tant-General Sibley.
In conclusion, comrades, as the duties which you have for the past two years im-
posed upon me draw to a close, you will do me, I know, the justice to think that I
have done my utmost for the furtherance of the objects which we all have at h?art.
I am fully rewarded by the belief which a careful examination and comparison will
justify, that the condition of the organization has improved both numerically and
financially during the past two years, and that its spirit and patriotism have not di-
minished. The relations which I have held towards you have been most agreeable :
you have always generously sustained me, and if there is regret that the time has now
arrived when we must sever them, I recognize that as I take my place again as a
comrade in the ranks of the Order, they will not be less pleasant and satisfactory in
that changed position.
REPORTS OF STAFF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General H. R. Sibley reported :
GAINS AND LOSSES.
In spite of the depression of business in every part of the country, we have more
than maintained our numerical strength of a year ago— we have made a decided gain.
The returns are incomplete, but I estimate the increase at five per cent. The follow-
ing is an approximate statement of our gain and loss :
1873 1874.
Gain— By Muster 5,599 6,308
" Transfer 473 463
From Suspended 2,932 2,323
Total gain 9,004 9,094
Loss— By Death 307 282
" Discharge 246 370
" Suspension 5,045 3,559
" Transfer 519 539
" Dishonorable discharge 27 99
"Dropped 3,321 3,567
Total loss 9,465 8,306
About $75,000 has been reported as expended for relief, a considerable part of the
sum to relieve those not members.
loS Grand Army of the Republic.
The following Dt'partuu'nts have made the required reports aud liave paid all dues
for the four quarters of 1874:
Maine, New Ilaaipshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecti(!ut,
New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Potomac, Virginia, Ohio, Illinois, Wisconsin,
Minnesota, Iowa, California, Colorado.
The foregoing list is the same as that contained in my report one year ago, with
these exceptions— Iowa aud Colorado gained, and Georgia and Oregon dropped.
The clerical labor in the office has been performed (as iu the previous year.i by
Comrade Henry li. Peirct-. A. D. C, whose energy, zeal and tidelity has largely facil-
itated the prompt discharge of the duties of this ottice.
Quartermaster-General A. B. R. Spragiie reported : receipts,
$4,061.25; expenditures, $3,113.37; surplus, 947.88; cash and
assets, $4,913.17.
Inspector-General AY. AV. Brown, Judge-Advocate-General W.
W. Douglas, Surgeon-General Hans Powell and Cliaplain-in-Chief
Augustus AVoodbur}^ submitted reports of their departments.
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On Address of the Commander-in-Cliief : — G. A. Hanaford,
AA^isconsin ; F. C. Otis, Connecticut ; J. Pickett, Massachusetts ;
W. AV. Jennings, Pennsylvania ; T. G. Lawler, Illinois.
On Reports of the Adjutant-General and Quartermaster-Gen-
eral :— Chas. Burrows, New Jersey ; E. S. AA^'eeden, Illinois ; A.
AVhite, New Hampshire ; J. P. Maxfield, Massachusetts ; L. P.
Plummer, Aliunesota.
On the Reports of the Inspector-General, Judge-Advocate-
General, Surgeon-General and Chaplain-in-Chief : — J. AV. Newton,
A^ermont ; AA\ H. Seamans, Rhode Island ; T. S. AA'hite, Minnesota ;
E. B. Blasland, Massachusetts ; J. Hancock, AVisconsin.
On Rules aud Regulations : — R. B. Beath, Pennsylvania ;
Judge-Advocate-General AA\ A\\ Douglas ; H. A. Castle, Minne-
sota ; E. C. Parkinson, New York ; B. F. HaAvkes, Potomac.
On Resolutions : — G. S. Merrill, Massachusetts ; AV. AA''. Tyson,
Pennsylvania ; D. AV. Albaugli, Aliunesota ; R. C. Duffy, New
Hampshire ; T. D. McGillicuddy, Ohio.
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES.
COMMITTEE ON ADDRESS OF THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF.
The Committee reported :
IfiT. Resolved, That this Encampment recognizes, with the most profound satisfac-
tion, the remarkable success of the Order under the administration of Comrade
Administkation or Charles Devens, Jr. 159
Charles Devens, Jr., and his able assistants, in the persons of his various staff
officers. Our gratitude is due them for their zeal and fidelity in the discharge of their
duties, and we cordially express our thanks to them for having placed the Order in its
present proud and invulnerable position.
2d. Resolved, That a committee consisting of Comrades William Ward, of New
Jersey; George S. Merrill, of Mas.sachusetts; and Robert B. Beath, of Pennsylvania, is
hereby appointed, with authority to procure a suitable testimonial to be presented to
Comrade Devens, as a substantial and permanent recognition of his services as Com-
mander in Chief, and of our fraternal regard for him as a comrade ; and such money
as may be necessary in the judgment of the Committee to pay for said testimonial, is
hereby appropriated from the funds in the hands of the Quartermaster General.
3d. Resolved, That the recommendation of the Commander in-Chief, with reference
to the duties performed hx Comrade H. R. Sibley, Adjutant-General, is eminently
appropriate and well deserved. Every comrade with whom Comrade Sibley has had
official relations, during two years administration in the office of Adjutant- General,
will, we feel sure, testify to the marked ability, patience, and devotion to the Grand
Army always exhibited by him. The Commander-in-Chief, when elected, is therefore
authorized to appoint a committee of three, whose duty it shall be to prepare a suitable
testimonial expressive of the estimation in which he is held by the Encampment, and
of our appreciation of his valuable services, and present the same to Comrade Sibley,
with the compliments of the Encampment.
4th. Resoh-ed, That the remarks of the Commander-in-Chief, under the head of
"Disabled Soldiers," are in accordance with our sentiments; and we, feeling it to be
our duty to urge upon Congress the justice of increasing pensions to those who suffered
the loss of a leg or an arm. or were otherwise similarly disabled, request that the
Commander-in-Chief continue, as our representative, to enforce by conversation and
correspondence the claims of this class of pensioners, until such time as the necessary
relief is granted.
5th. The address of the Commander-in-Chief — such portions as are not otherwise
alluded to— are approved by the committee, and we recommend that the same be
adopted as the sentiments of the Encampment.
The report was unanimously adopted.
ON REPORT OF ADJUTANT-GENERAL AND QUARTERMASTER-GENERAL.
The Committee recommended that the thanks of the Encamp-
ment be extended to Adjutant-General Henry R. Sibley and
Quartermaster-General A. B. R. Sprague, for the able manner in
which they had discharged their duties. Adopted.
RULES, regulations, AND RITUAL.
The following propositions were decided adversely : (1st) That
when Memorial Day occurs on Sunday, that day should be ob-
served ; (2d) to require the election of all officers of Departments,
160 Grand Army of the Republic.
except the Assistant Adjutant-General ; (3d) that Commanders-in-
Chief and Vice-Corn mauders-in-Chief shall not be eligible to re-
election ; (4th) that Past Department Commanders and appointed
officers should not be entitled to vote, as such, in Department
Encampments ; (5th) to constitute Past Post Commanders mem-
bers of Department Encampments.
RESOLUTIONS.
The Committee recommended resolutions : (1st) Urging Con-
gress to pass the bill for the equalization of bounties ; (2d) to re-
move the charge of desertion from soldiers who absented them-
selves without leave, after the close of the war and before formal
muster-out ; (3d) that the Judge- Advocate-General compile a di-
gest of all decisions.
Resolutions were adopted, thanking the comrades of Illinois,
and State and City authorities, for courtesies extended.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The following officers Avere elected :
Commander-in-Chief, John F. Hartranft, Pennsylvania.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, J. S. Reynolds, Illinois.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Chas. J. Buckbee, Con-
necticut.
Surgeon-General, Dr. John W. Foye, Massachusetts.
Chaplain-in-Chief, Rev. Myron W. Reed, Wisconsin.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
California, D. J. Simmons ; Connecticut, John G. Healy ; Illi-
nois, J. J. Palmer ; Maine, Edward Moore ; Massachusetts, Josiah
Pickett ; Minnesota, T. S. White ; New Hampshire, Aaron F.
Stevens ; New Jersey, F, W. Sullivan ; New York, Jno. G. Copley ;
Ohio, James Barnett; Pennsylvania, Levi Huber ; Potomac, John
A. Darling , Rhode Island, C. H. Barney ; Vermont, F. Stewart
Strauahan ; Wisconsin, Henry G. Rogers.
COURTESIES EXTENDED.
By invitation of the Chicago Board of Trade, the National
Encampment visitfid their hall, and were courteously received. A
steam-tug placed at the disposal of the Encampment by the Board
Administeation of Charles Devens, Jr. 161
of Public Works conveyed the members to the pumping works
and termini of the Lake Tunnel.
On the evening of May 12, 1875, a public reception was held
at the Exposition Building, where addresses of welcome were de-
livered by Governor Beveridge of Illinois, and Mayor Colvin of
Chicago. Responses were made by Past Commander-in-Chief
Chas. Devens, Jr., and Governor Hartranft.
At noon the members were escorted to the balconies of the
Exposition Building, from which point they reviewed the grand
procession of citizen soldiery, under the charge of General Hil-
liard, Adjutant-General of Illinois, which had been arranged, in
connection with the reunion that day of the soldiers of the north-
west. Later in the day many of the m ambers availed themselves
of an invitation to visit and study the great war painting, " The
Battle of Lookout Mountain," which was then on exhibition in the
Exposition Building. In the evening the members attended a
Promenade Concert at the same place.
11
CHAPTER XrV.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF JOHN F. IIARTRANFT
—TENTH ANNUAL SESSION, PHILADELPHIA, JUNE 30, 1876.
Commander-in-Chief Hartranft established Headquarters in
Philadelphia, with the following staff :
Adjutaut-General, Robert B. Beath, Pennsylvania.
Quartermaster-General, "William Ward, New Jersey.
Inspector-General, William F. Rogers, New York.
Judge-Advocate-General, W. W. Douglas, Rhode Island.
General John Frederick Hartranft, Commander-in-Chief, was
born in Montgomery county, Pennsylvania, December 16, 1830 :
was graduated from Union College, Schenectady, New York, in
1853, and first adopted the profession of a civil engineer ; but af-
terwards studied law and was admitted to the bar in October,
1859.
In 1858 was chosen Captain of the Norris City Rifles, and at
the outbi'eak of the Rebellion, Avas Colonel of the 4th Regiment,
Pennsylvania State Militia. On the first call for troops the
Regiment volunteered for the three months service. Colonel
Hartranft served as a volunteer Aid on the staff cf General
Franklin, in the first battle of Bull Run. Afterward he organ-
ized the 51st Pennsylvania Yolunteers, as its Colonel, and served
with General Burnside in his campaigns at Roanoke Island and
other points on the Atlantic Coast, after which the Corps joined
the Army of General Pope at Fredericksburg. General Hartranft
was particularly commended for a dashing charge across the
" stone bridge " at Antietam. He afterwards served Avith General
Burnside at Yicksburg and Jackson, and in the severe trials of
the Tennessee Campaign, including the siege of Knoxville.
His command was transferred to the Army of the Potomac.
He was commissioned Brigadier-General for gallantry, May 12,
1864. General Hartranft led the storming party at the explosion
of the mine in front of Petersburg, July 30, 1864.
When Fort Steadman was taken by the Confederates, March
25th, 1865, General Hartranft advanced his Division without
[162]
Administration of John F. Hartranft. 163
waiting for orders, aud re-took the fort. For this service he was
brevetted Major-General U. S. V., receiving complimentary
notices from Major-General Parke, Lieutenant-General Grant
and President Lincoln.
A commission as Colonel, 34th Infantry, U. S. A., Avas tendered
him after the war, but this he declined, and, in October, 1865, was
elected Auditor-General of Pennsylvania, and so served until De-
cember, 1872. In October of that year he was elected Governor,
and was re-elected in 1875.
He has always taken a deep interest in the National Guard of
the State, of which he has been Major-General since leaving the
gubernatorial chair. He was a charter-member of Post 11,
Norristown, and for a number of years rej)resented Pennsylvania
as a member of the National Council or as Representative-at-
large. Re-elected Commander-in-Chief, 1876.
General Jos. S, Reynolds, Senior Vice-Commauder-in-Chief,
was first engaged in recruiting service, until commissioned Second
Lieutenant, December 31, 1861, in Yates " Sharpshooters," after-
wards the 64th Illinois Volunteers.
He was promoted to be First Lieutenant, September 2, 1862 ;
Captain, August 14, 1863 ; Major, November 1, 1864 ; Lieutenant-
Colonel, May 8, 1865 ; brevetted Brigadier-General, for gallant and
meritorious services, to date July 11, 1865.
He was a member of the Springfield Convention to organize
the Department of Illinois in 1866 ; Department Commander in
1877 ; now a member of Post 5, Chicago. He was re-elected Sen-
ior Vice-Commander-in-Chief at Philadelphia, 1876.
Capt. C. J. Buckbee, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, enlisted
as Private, Company F, 6th Connecticut Volunteers, September 7,
1861 ; served through all the minor positions, and was commis-
sioned Second Lieutenant, February 5, 1864 ; First Lieutenant,
April 8, 1864 ; Captain May 25, 1865 ; Avounded at the capture of
Fort Fisher, and again at Drury's Bluff; at the taking of the city
of Wilmington was appointed military Postmaster ; was discharged
August 21, 1865.
On June 8, 1868, joined Post 17, Grand Army of the Republic,
New Haven ; has held a number of positions in the Post, and was
Post Commander in 1872 and 1875 ; Departnient Commander,
1874 and 1875 ; re-elected Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, 1876.
IGi Grand Army of the Republic.
Dr. Joliu W. Foye, Surgeou-General, served as Assistant Sur-
geou, 11th Massachusetts Infanti}'. After his term as Surgeon-
General, Dr. Foye went to San Francisco and became Resident
Physician of the City and County Hospital, and also Physician in
charge of the Twenty-sixth Street Hospital, where lepers were
confined and treated. He died in San Francisco, March, 1885.
Colonel Robert B, Beath, Adjutant-General. For biographical
sketch, see Chapter XXII.
General AYilliam Ward, Quartermaster-General, was mustered-
in as Captain, Company D, 8th NeAv Jersey Volunteers, August,
1861 ; commissioned Lieutenant-Colonel, July, 1862, and was dis-
charged, Sej^tember, 1863, for disability from wounds received,
and resulting in the loss of an arm. Joined the Grand Army of
the Republic, 1867 ; elected Department Commander, 1868 ; served
as Quartermaster-General under Commanders-in-Chief Hartranft,
Robinson, EarnshaAv, Wagner and Merrill — in all seven years.
Was for a number of years Postmaster of Newark, New Jersey,
where he resides.
General AY. F. Rogers, Inspector-General, was Captain, Com-
pany C, 74th Regiment, National Guard of New York, Buffalo,
at the breaking out of the Avar, and his Company and Regiment
immediately resjDonded to the call for troops. The Regiment Avas
mustered as the 21st New York, for the tAvo years service, Avitli
Captain Rogers as Colonel, and formed jjart of the 1st Corps,
Army of the Potomac. Colonel Rogers Avas brevetted Brigadier-
General, U. S. v., March IH, 1865. After the close of the war he
was again connected Avith the National Guard, as Major-General.
He organized C]iai)iu Post No. 2, in 1866, and Avas its first com-
mander. He Avas the first Senior Yice-Dei)artment-Commandor,
Department of New York, and subsequently Department Com-
mander ; re-appointed Inspector-General in 1876.
He is noAV Superintendent, Soldiers and Sailors Home, Bath,
New York.
Rev. Myron W. Reed was born in Yermont, and at the outbreak
of the rebellion Avas in the Theological Seminary at Chicago. He
enlisted, July, 1862, in Company A, 18th Michigan Yolunteers ;
Group of National Officers, 1875.
Administration of John F. Hartranft. 165
promoted First Lieutenant, August, 1862 ; Captain, Company D,
July, 1863 ; on detaclied duty, during the last year of the war, as
Chief of Scouts, District Northern Alabama ; mustered-out, 1865.
After the war he finished his theological course, and graduated
in 1866, He was, for four years, minister of the First Congrega-
tional Church in New Orleans ; then went to Milwaukee, and was
for four years, 1873-1877, in the First Congregational Church of
that city. He was for seven years in Indianapolis, and for the
past four years has had charge of the First Congregational Church
in Denver, Colorado.
In 1886 he was the Independent Democratic candidate for
Congress in that district, and reduced the previous majority of
his competitor by nearly 8,000. Mr. Keed is an eloquent pulpit
orator and lecturer, and is a member of A. Lincoln Post, Denver,
Colorado.
tenth annual session.
The National Encampment met in the Hall of Post No, 2, 13th
and Spring Garden streets, Philadelj)hia, June 30, 1876.
Under the supervision of the Hall Committee, aided by the
comrades generally, the beautiful hall of the Post was tastefully
arrayed for the occasion, and was kejDt open, night and day, for
the reception of visiting comrades.
A large number of comrades, including nearly all the national
officers, attended the meeting of Post 2, on June 29, and witnessed
the muster-in services, as performed in the most impressive man-
ner, with appropriate illustrations by the stereopticou.
The general arrangement for the reception and entertainment
of the National Encampment and visiting comrades, was confided
by the Department of Pennsylvania, to a Centennial Committee
consisting of representatives of the Philadelphia Posts, the De-
partment and National officers residing in Philadelphia ; Colonel
O. C. Bosbyshell, Chairman, J. E. Byram, Secretary, and D. T.
Davies, Treasurer.
Commander-in-Chief Hartranft presided.
committee on credentials.
A. L. Chetlain, Illinois ; J. F. Dalton, Massachusetts ; G. J. P,
Wood, Potomac ; F, W. Sullivan, New Jersey ; Adjutant-General
R. B. Beath.
1C)C) Grand Army of the Republic.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief Jolm F. Hartranft.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Cliief J. S. Reynolds.
Junior Vics-Commander-in-Chief Clias. J. Buckbee.
Adjutant-General Robert B. Beath.
Quartermaster-General William Ward.
Judge-Advocate-General W. AY. Douglas.
Inspector-General W. F. Rogers.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
J. J. Palmer, Illinois ; T. W. Dew, Maryland ; J. R. Woodruff,
New Jersey ; H. C. Perley, New York ; C. H. Barney, Rhode Is-
land.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
California, 2 ; Connecticut, 3 ; Illinois, 4 ; Kansas, 1 ; Mary-
land, 0 ; Maine, 1 ; Massachusetts, 10 ; Minnesota, 1 ; New Hamp-
shire, 8 ; New Jersey, 10 ; New York, 12 ; Ohio, 3 ; Pennsylvania,
17 ; Potomac, 7 ; Rhode Island, 5 ; A^ermont, 2 ; A' irginia, 5 ; AA is-
consin, 2. Provisional Departments : Georgia, 1 ; Mississippi, 1 ;
Nebraska, 2 ; Post No. 1, Oregon, 2. Total, 22 Departments ; 100
Dejiartment Officers and Representatives.
ADDRESS OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF JOHN F. HARTRANFT.
As the representatives of the Grand Ann}- of the Republic, you liave assembled
here to-day in accordance witii a", annual custom, to deliberate and take council with
each other upon all mattes of interest to our loved Order, which demand attention.
The tender twig which for years past retpiired so much nourishment and care, and
which so often bent to the storms of prejudice and adverse criticism, has stretched its
roots wj widely and deeply, and has become so lirm and strong, that it no longer needs
that cejiseless watchfulness, exercised by former commanders, to protect it from
l)ub!ic opinion without or weakness from within. The wisdom of the comrades com-
posing the National P^ncampments in the past has destroyed the growth of all disturbing
elements which would have retarded the development or drawn their sustenance from
the life or pros])erity of our Order; and, thanks to their foresight, our organization is
no longer subject to the su.spicion that we are united for sellish or party i)urposes, and
we are free to peiform the sacred duties our comi)anionshii) imposes upon us, without
stoj)ping to battle with misconception and falsehood.
Surely, the fraternity of those; who .stood side by side in the many bloody conllicts
of the late war, isa natural lie iliat needs not be cemented with any binding obligation,
and it i-; stninge lliat from lliis feeling of fraternity there should .-pring a .sentuneut of
cluirity for the sulleriugs of those who had passed through the fearful ordeal of war.
Administration of John F. Hartranft. 167
or had left impoverished and helpless families behind them ? And is it not logical, if
we cherish a recollection of that war, and nourish a feeling of kindness for those whom
its casualties have, in part or in whote, deprived of support, that we should nurse with
a fervent and holy regard the spirit of patriotism or loyalty that prompted us to incur
all the terrible chances of battle to save the integrity of the Union and preserve the Hag
of our choice.
These three simple principles are the articles of our Grand Army creed — the culti-
vation of a habit of fraternity among comrades; the exercise of a daily charity to the
maimed and helpless, and the constant renewal of our allegiance to the Government for
which we periled so much ; and they meanly asperse us who impute other than these
motives to our actions as Grand Army comrades.
Despite the hard times and the general prostration of business and industry, the
prosperity of the Order has been marked and encouraging, and the steady increase in
our numbers gives promise of large accessions to our ranks so soon as the distrust that
now pervades all classes of our people is destroyed, and money is released once more
for legitimate enterprise. Our growth has not only been in numbers, but in Posts and
Departments, and we may congratulate ourselves that our organization is extending
its benefits and usefulness into every corner of the land.
When you visit the great Exposition of art and industry now open in this city, you
will be gratified to see the substantial contributions made by our nation to the comfort,
luxury and progress of humanity, and, as you witness this Exhibition, I feel assured
you will experience no greater pleasure than in the thought that, through your efforts
in part, our great nation was preserved in its integrity for a future t,f usefulness,
honor and glory, and with the natural and just pride that comes of this thought, let
there go apace a resolution to do your share towards effecting a true reconciliation
between the sections of our common country, and to advance every effort that will
unite with you our late foes, in promoting the prosperity of our country and enlarging
the scope and purpose of our free institutions.
REPORTS OF STAFF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General R. B. Beatli, referred in detail to the condi-
tion of the Order.
Permanent Departments had been formed in Maryland and
Alabama, and would soon be effected in Kansas, Iowa and Ne-
braska. Through the efforts of Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief
Reynolds, Posts had been formed in Michigan and Indiana.
Reference was made at length to the fact that badges had not
been manufactured as required by the Rules and Regulations, and
a temporary arrangement had been made for their manufacture at
the U. S. Mint.
TESTIMONIALS.
A committee consisting of Comrades Ward, Merrill and Beath,
was appointed at the last National Encampment, " with authority
to procure a suitable testimonial to be presented to Comrade
168 Grand Army of the Republic.
Charles Devens, Jr., as a substantial recognition of his services as
Commander-in-Chief."
In accordance therewith, a beautiful gold badge was prepared
and presented to Comrade Devens. The Post of which Comrade
Devens is a member (No. 10, of AVorcester, Mass.), made the occa-
sion memorable bj handsomely entertaining the members of tlie
committee present, Comrades "Ward and Merrill, and other invited
guests.
The same committee was appointed to carry out the resolu-
tions of the Encampment in reference to Comrade H. li. Sibley,
late Adjutant-General, in appreciation of his valuable services,
and tlie committee purchased and presented to him, in the name
of the Order, a handsome gold watch.
Quartermaster-General Ward rejDorted balance cash received
from Quartermaster-General Sprague, $3,250.49 ; receipts from
dues and interest, $2,170.95 ; total, $5,421.44. Disbursements,
81,389.20. Cash on hand, December 31, $4,032.2^-. He reported
receipts from Posts to aid in completing the Soldiers' Monument
in the Chalmette National Cemetery, Louisiana, of $252.53.
Inspector-General Rogers presented, in print, a full report of
inspections in the several Departments.
Judge-Advocate-General Douglas presented the opinions given
in nine cases referred to him during the year.
Surgeon-General .T. W. Foye referred to the efforts made,
without success, to secure a complete list of all comrades disabled
in the service. He said :
" The preparation of a descriptive book by each Post, containing the minutest de-
tails m relation to wounds received- by its members, would involve but little labor, and
might be the means of accomplishing a great deal of good in the future. There is
hardly a comrade who has not personal knowledge of the dithcullies attending the
jirocuring of pensions for wounded soldiers, in many instances on account of the
failure to secure the reciuired jiroof, and a descriptive bot)k in every Post, as above
suggested, would tend to obviate many of the di.s;idvantages that otherwise might
arise, as the information therein contained would enable the applicant to take the
first and most important stej) toward securing the pittance to which he would be justly
entitled. For tiie lack of just such details, cases are daily arising where brave men
are prevented from obtaining pensions ; and as the vicissitudes of life may place others,
not now dependent, in similar ])ositions, I feel that I cannot urge too strongly
upon tlie National Encampment the taking of action which will bring about the de-
s-ired result."
cq
o
o
Administration of John F. Hartranft. 169
committees appointed.
Rules, Regulations, and Ritual : — H. Hilliard, Illinois ; James
F. Meech, Massachusetts ; C. H. Barney, Rhode Island ; H. B,
Harshaw, Wisconsin ; J. E. S. Pray, New Hampshire.
Reports of Officers : — Geo. S. Merrill, Massachusetts ; E. B.
Tyler, Maryland ; N. M. Smith, Pennsylvania ; Geo. B. Squires,
New York ; S. B. Kenney, Virginia.
Resolutions : — James Tanner, New York ; Marriott Brosius,
Pennsyh'ania ; Jacob Meese, Minnesota ; J. R. Scupham, Califor-
nia ; William Earnshaw, Ohio.
These committees afterwards reported as follows :
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES.
Committee on the Reports of Officers recommended :
That the entire matter of badges be referred to a special committee of five, to be
appointed by the new Commander-in-Chief, with full powers to make the best pos-
sible contract, with sufficient guarantee for the manufacture of badges of the present
form, size and design, to be made, as now required, of bronze cannon, captured during
the rebellion.
Committee appointed : Jno. M. Yanderslice and Thos. Lees,
Pennsylvania ; E. W. Brueniughausen and Geo. B. Squires, New
York ; R. H, Lee, New Jersey.
RULES, REGULATIONS, AND RITUAL.
No changes of importance were made in the Rules and Regula-
tions at this session.
RESOLUTIONS.
Resolutions were adopted favoring payment of bounties due
enlisted men promoted in the field, before instalments of bounties
had become due ; also recommending the adoption of the form of
Medical Report presented by the Surgeon-General.
The thanks of the Natioual Encampment were unanimously
voted to Post No. 2, Philadelphia, W^ R. Peddle, Post Commander,
for the use of their beautiful hall for the Encampment, and for
courtesies extended.
The delegation of the Department of Virginia, presented to the
National Encampment a gavel made from wood of the rebel ram
" Merrimac," to which was attached a strip of the flag which was
flying at the foremast-head of the U. S. Ship " Congress," when
170 Gkand Army of the Kepublic.
slie was simk by the former vessel, in Hampton Roads, March 0,
1862.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
Tlie following were elected.
Commander-in-Chief, John F. Hartranft, re-elected.
Senior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, J. S. lleynolds, re-elected.
Jnnior Yice-Comraander-in-Chief, Chas. J. Buckbee, re-elected.
Snrgeon-General, Dr. James L. Watson, New York.
Chaplain-in-Chief, Rev. Jos. F. Lovering, Massachusetts.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
Alabama, Geo. E. Spencer ; California, C. Mason Kinne ; Con-
necticut, Edward AY. Marsh ; Illinois, J. J. Palmer ; Maine, John
D. My rick ; Massachusetts, Jacob Silloway, Jr.; Maryland, T. AY.
Dew ; Minnesota, Albert Sheffer ; New Hampshire, Levi L. Aid-
rich ; New Jersey, Jos. C. Lee ; New York, Henry C. Perley ; Ohio,
Thos. C. Boone ; Pennsylvania, Marriott Brosius ; Potomac, Geo.
Edgar Corson ; Rhode Island, Charles C. Gray ; Yermont, Geo.
J. Stannard ; Yirginia, Wni. Rider ; Wisconsin, H. B. Harshaw.
UNOFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS.
Lender the management of the Committee of Arrangements,
the members of the National Enccimpment and otlier invited
guests, met at the Hall of Post 2, on the morning of July 1, and
were taken in carriages to Fairmount Park, where breakfast was
served at Belmont Mansion.
Commander-in-Chief. Hartranft presided at the breakfast, as-
sisted by Colonel O. C. Bosbyshell, Chairman of the Committee.
The breakfast, served in approved style, was made the more
enjoyable by the morning ride in the Park, After breakfast. Gen-
eral Hartranft expressed the gratification of the comrades of the
State, in welcoming to Philadelphia the representatives of the
soldiers and sailors of the nation.
Toasts were given and responded to as follows :
1. Our Country. Coniriule llonvce Biniiey Sargent, Massjichusetts.
2. The (j rand Arm;/ of till Rcpithlic. Comrade 3Iarriott Hrosius, Pennsylvania.
3. Pldlaibiphvi and the. ('intinninl h'.rhif/iti<>n. Geneml Hobcrt Patterson.
4. The American .'soldier, (-'omnide .lames Tanner, New York.
.'). 0«;" Inrnti'd GueHtn. Hon. W. E. Littleton, of Pliiladelpliia.
0. Tlie Prcisa. Frank Wells, Esq., Philadelphia Evening Bulletin.
Administration of John ¥. Hartranft. 171
Comrade James L. Farley, of New York, recited Lis beautiful
and thrilling poem, " Memories of Camp Life," and Comrade Geo.
B. Squires, Assistant Adjutant-General of New York, recited the
poem entitled, " The Return of the Standards," written bj General
Horace Binney Sargent.
THE PARADE.
The third of July was devoted to a parade of the Order.
The Department of Pennsylvania, under command of Com-
mander James W. Latta of Post 1, with Staflf mounted, acted as
escort to the Commander-in-Chief. Posts, and detachments from
nearly all the Posts in Pennsylvania, followed in due order.
The Department of Massachusetts was represented by Depart-
ment Commander Horace Binney Sargent and Staff; Post 5, Lynn^
Post 42, Lowell, and Post 68, Boston.
The Department of New York, Commander James Tanner and
Staff; Post 32, New York, and detachments of other Posts.
The Department of New Jersey, Commander E. W. Davis and
Staff; Post 5, Camden, Post 10, Yineland.
The Department of Maryland, Commander E. B. Tyler and
Staff.
A detachment of Thos. Francis Meagher Post of Hampton,
Yirginia.
JULY FIFTH.
July 5th was devoted to a re-union at the Schuetzcn Park,
when about eigli^ thousand persons sjjent a thoroughly enjoyable
day, and there concluded the services of a notable Encampment.
CHAPTER XV.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF HARTRANFT (SECOND
TERM) -ELEVENTH ANNUAL SESSION, PROVIDENCE, RHODE
ISLAND, JUNE 26, 1877.
Headquartebs was continued in Philadelphia, with the mem-
bers of the staff of the previous year, and John M. Yanderslice, of
Pennsylvania, Assistant Adjutant-General, and David T, Davies,
Aid-de-Camp at Headquarters.
Surgeon-General Jas. L.
Watson, of Brooklyn, New
York, was connected with the
38th and 13th New York Keg-
iments, and is a veteran of
the war with Mexico. He was
commissioned in the Medical
Department, and served on
the Peninsula and again in
Florida with the 139th and
115th Eegiments, N. Y. Vols.,
and was afterwards ordered
to Sherman's Army, as Sur-
geon 17th N. Y. Yeteran Vols.
He was afterwards placed in
charge of the Eastern Lunatic
Asylum, at Williamsburg,
Yirginia, and was specially complimented by the War Dei^artment
for his services in this position. Was mustered-out in July,
18G5. He joined the Grand Army of the Republic in 1867, and
is now a member of Post 10, Brooklyn. Has served as Post
Surgeon and Medical Director of the Department, and was one
of tlie founders of the State Soldiers Home at Bath. Ee-elected
Surgeon-General at Providence, in 1877, and at Springfield, Mass-
achusetts, 1878.
L172]
;/*"•
Dii. J. L. Watson.
Administration of John F. Hartranft.
173
Eev. Joseph F. Levering,
Chaplain-in-Chief, was Chaplain
of 17th Maine Vols, from Novem-
ber 10, 1863, until June 10, 1865.
Part of the time Chaplain Lover-
ing was Chaplain and Recorder
of the field hospital for 3d Divis-
ion, 2d Army Corps. Joined the
Grand Army of the Republic in
1867, Post No. 2, Concord, New
Hampshire ; was Post Chaplain
and Chaplain of the Department ;
transferred to Post 71, Water-
town, Massachusetts, and was
Post Chaplain and Post Com-
mander ; Chaplain of Depart-
ment of Massachusetts, 1876-1877;
served as Chaplain-in-Chief from June 30, 1876, until June 11,
1881. Is now a member of Geo. H. Ward Post No. 10, at Worces-
ter, and is pastor of the Congregational Church.
Rev. J.
F. LoVERING.
ELEVENTH ANNUAL SESSION.
The National Encampment met in the Armory of the First
Light Infantry, Providence, Rhode Island, June 26th, 1877, Com-
mander-in-Chief John F. Hartranft, presiding.
COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS.
Assistant Adjutant-General Vanderslice ; Emerson Stone, Mas-
sachusetts; Edwin Metcalf, Rhode Island; S. A. Oliver, New Hamp-
shire ; Chas. H. Hawley, Connecticut.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief John F. Hartranft,
Surgeon-General Jas. L. Watson.
Chaplain-in-Chief Jos. F. Lovering.
Adjutant-General Robert B. Beath.
Quartermaster-General William Ward.
Judge-Advocate-General W. W. Douglas.
174 Grand Army of the Republic.
council of administration.
Henry Huss, Connecticut ; T. W. Dew, Maryland ; Jacob Sil-
loway, Jr., Massachusetts ; L. L. Aldrich, Xew Hampshire ; W. J.
Buckley, New Jersey ; Henry C. Perley, New York ; Thos. C.
Boone, Ohio ; E. B. Young, Pennsylvania ; Geo. E. Corson, Poto-
mac ; Chas. C. Gray, Rhode Island.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
Connecticut, 8 ; Maine, 3 ; Massachusetts, 16 ; New Hamp-
shire, 4 ; New Jersey, 8 ; New York, 15 ; Ohio, 4 ; Pennsylvania,
16 ; Potomac, 7 ; Rhode Island, 12 ; Vermont, 2 ; Virginia, 1. 12
Departments ; 96 Department Officers and Representatives.
Commander-in-Chief Hartranft, in his address, said :
At the close of another year we meet to review the past and take counsel for the
future. An organization which draws its members from one generation must soon
pass away. The graves we decorated this year were more than we decorated before,
but the living have closed the gaps in our ranks, and the Grand Army still presents an
unbroken front to its silent foe. Under that enemy's fire our line will melt away, and
our reserves must, in time, be exhausted. But that time has not yet come; the muster-
roll is still full. Rising from tlie mists of battle, the sun of the Order still climbs to
the zenith, and its splendor is undiminished. The clouds of doubt and distrust have
been dispelled, and many who hesitated to join us, from suspicion of our motives,
or fears of being misunderstood, now swell the ranks of good fellowship, and tind
delight in the revival of old associations, and comfort in the companionship and
support of old comrades.
One fact established by the war, is inspiriting to every lover of free institutions.
It proved that our nation could rely upon the patriotism and gallantry of its people.
It .solvetl the problem of a strong free government, abolished standing armies except
as a police, and returned to the old days of a nation in arms without falling into an-
archy on the one hand, or despotism on the other.
It was also taken for granted that the discipline of the ctunp unfitted tlie indivichial
for peaceful life. If arms were our profession there might be some ground for such
a belief. But war was an incident of our careers; we were soldiers as part of our
duty as citizen.s. I do not think a man is a worse citizen for having been a good soldier.
On the contrary, I think he is the better for it. The promptness with which our
people took up arms, their courage and lidelity in the field, the ease and safety with
wliieii they were disbanded, and tlie alacrity with whi(;h they resumed their civil pur-
suits, have often been referred to with .surprise and admiration. But there is another
fact not the le.ss admirable and surprising. The soldiers of the South, who know the
cost of disloyalty and the futility of their principles, have also been the better citizens
of that section. They have gone to work with accustomed energy and fidelit}', having
learned to respect the convictions of others and patiently to submit to the will of the
majority. On the other hand, the most pestilent classes of the South have been the
non-combatant.s. The men of war promptly moulded their swords into pruning hooks,
and their .spears into i)lowshares; but the profes.sed men of peace fanned the embers
Administration of John F. Hartranft. 175
of hate and have labored to keep alive the passions and prejudices of the past. It is
evident that the olive branch in the South has been twined around the swords that
vi'ere surrendered at Appomattox and Greensboro.
What this generation fought for and secured may be gradually lost by the negli-
gence, self-interest and the indifference of succeeding generations. Another genera-
tion may have to fight over the same ground and for the same objects; but all will
not be lost; they will win the easier because it has been once won.
Nevertheless, comrades, though this war was fought upon so plain an is.sue, it was
fought in faith, in hope and in charity. We entered the contest with a loyal faith in
the principles and institutions established by our fathers, we fought for four years,
animated and .sustained by the hopes of victory, and we laid down the sword in the
hour of triumph " with malice toward none and charity for all." Upon that platform
we still stand, loyal to our nation, hopeful of its future and charitable to its foes. On
the latter we would impose no restrictions which freemen ought not to endure, or ask
any submission which freemen ought not to give; we simply ask that they give up the
pistol and the lash, concede free speech, a free press and free votes, and submit to the
decision of the ballot. More than these we do not ask, and the contest will go on, in
peace or war, until they are secured of all men.
Our organization, then, is founded upon loyalty to the country. Beyond that it
has no political signilicance. Beyond that it is an association of men, who have par-
ticipated in the same victories and defeats, who have the same convictions and hopes,
common memories and mutual sympathies. It is intended to perpetuate old friend-
ships, to revive old memories, and for the mutual support and assistance of old com-
rades.
REPORTS OF STAFF OFFICERS.
The report of Adjutant-General Beath showed the follow-
ing
Added during the year :
By Muster-in 5,514
" Transfer 354
" Reinstatement 2,535
Total 8,393
Lo-sses :
By Death 326
" Honorable discharge 302
' ' Transfer 426
" Suspension 5,035
" Dropped from rolls 2,179
Total 8,268
BADGES.
To protect the Order against the improper manufacture of
badges or use of the design without authority, on the expiration
of the patent in December last, which could not be renewed,
letters patent, for the use of the design as a trade-mark, were
176 Grand Army of the Republic.
taken out in the name of Comrade Jos. K. Davison, manufac-
turing jeweler, Philadelphia, for the use only of the Grand Army.
Comrade Geo. E. Corson, Washington, D. C, of the National
Council, saved us considerable expense and annoyance by giving
his personal attention to securing the necessary papers.
The report of the Special Committee on Badges, appointed
in pursuance of the action of the last Encampment, would be pre-
sented.
Quartermaster-General Ward reported the cash and assets on
hand as 84,691.98, an increase during the year of about $700.
Surgeon-General Jas. L. Watson presented an interesting clas-
sification, covering 4,351 cases of wounds and disability.
Reports of Judge-Advocate-General W. W. Douglas and In-
spector-General W. F. Rogers were also presented in print.
Chaplain-in-Chief Lovering, in his address, said :
bo far as the faith and morals of the Grand Army of the Republic are concerned,
I have this to say :
Its faith has its religion, and its religion has the devout obedience of every worthy
member of our Order. I do not refer to any religion, sectarian or universal, liberal or
conservative. Christian or Pagan, as such. Whatever disputes there may be outside
of our organization concerning them do not affect us. Religion means "bond." The
highest religion casts out all spirit of fear and makes its " bond " that of love. Our
religion, within the terms of our organization, claims that highest bond. It is perme-
ated, it is saturated with the spirit of that love. That love is love of co\mtry. That
reli"-ion is the religion of patriotism. Its altars are the graves of the unforgotten and
heroic. Its symbol is the flag of our Union. Its priests are all those, within its or
ganization, who confess to this soldierly creed —
I believe in a fraternity which joins in indissoluble union, justice and right;
I believe in a charity that, while merciful to a conquered foe, does not stultify
itself by surrendering the fruits of victory; that never forgets the brightness of tiiat
cause which has been made illustrious by the heroic sacrifices of those whose graves
should be the shrines of the nation's reverence;
I believe in loyalty that acknowledges one country and one flag; that makes
American citizenship honorable everywhere; that calls rebellion a crime, and the pen-
alty of trea.son death ;
I believe that, in fraternity and charily, we should stand shoulder lo shoulder,
willing at all hazard of favor or fame to defend the Grand Army of the Republic as
the st}indard bearer of the nation's loyalty.
As I can commend tlie faith of the Grand Army of the Republic, so I can respect
its morals. The higiicst expression of morals is virtue, and the original significance
of virtue is manliness. As I (!ome in contact with those now living who make our
Order .so lionorabh-, as 1 recall those now dead, who.se memories are resplendent with
glory, th( re can be no question in my mind as to the manliness which belongs to the
Grand Army of the Republic.
It is a manliness inherited from those who have recruited tlie (Jrand Army of the
Immortals; it is a mauliucss which to-day beats in hearts which have known no throb
Administration of John F. Hartranft, 177
but that of courage, which looks out from eyes that have been unscarrcd by any wrath
of war, that can be read upon the flesh in letters made by shot, or shell, or sabre
stroke — scars that are the insignia of valor — a manliness that gives, to every man of
our membership, however humble, permission to wear upon his breast the badge of
the Grand Army oi the Republic.
resolutions to general grant.
Comrade Tanner, New York, called attention to the fact that
General Grant would that day dine with her majesty. Queen
Victoria, and he moved that a dispatch be cabled to General
Grant conveying the hearty greetings of his comrades. The reso-
lution was unanimously adopted.
The following reply was received :
General Hartranft,
Commander G. A. R.
Conveyed your message to the Queen. Thank
my old comrades.
Grant.
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
Eules, Regulations, and Ritual : — Comrades Louis AVagner,
Pennsylvania ; G. B. Squires, New York ; E. H. Rhodes, Rhode
Island ; J. W. Knowlton, Connecticut ; A. H. G. Richardson,
Potomac.
The report of the Judge- Advocate-General was referred to this
committee.
Report of Adjutant-General : — J. F. Meech, Massachusetts ; J.
H. Goulding, Vermont ; O. C. Bosbyshell, Pennsylvania ; C. B.
Jenness, New Hampshire ; I. B. Stevens, Ohio.
Resolutions : — Wm. Earnshaw, Ohio ; J. W. Latta, Pennsyl-
vania ; Jas. Tanner, New York ; H. R. Sibley, Massachusetts ; F.
H. Sprague, Potomac.
Report of Quartermaster-General : — J. L. Farley, New York ;
J. A. G. Richardson, Massachusetts ; G. E. Corson, Potomac ; F.
W. Sullivan, New Jersey ; W. Pitt Moses, New Hampshire.
Report of Surgeon-General : — H. R. Barker, Rhode Island ; J.
C. J. Langbein, New York ; D. Branson, Pennsylvania ; F. C.
Smith, Vermont ; A. C. Hamlin, Maine.
13
178 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
Report of Inspector-General : — Wilson F. Smith, New Jersey ;
C. C. lloyce, Potomac ; A. M. Boweu, Rhode Island ; W. B. Lap-
ham, Maine ; J. J. Wilson, Virginia.
REPORTS or COMMITTEES.
The Committee on the Report of Adjutant-General Robert B.
Beath passed upon the several subjects therein referred to, and
concluded thus :
The Committee desires in conclusion to bear testimony to the fidelity with which
Comrade Beath has discharged the duties appertaining to the office of Adjutant-Gen-
eral, and unanimously recommend the appointment of a committee to procure and
present to him on behalf of the National Encampment, a suitable testimonial exhibit-
ing its appreciation of his valuable service to the Order.
On Report of Surgeon-General Jas, L. Watson :
The report shows careful research and study in this peculiar branch of our Order,
and we cannot too highly commend our Surgeon-General for the statistical informa-
tion therein embraced. It shows the woik of a painstaking otficer. The report shows
that the number of comrades reported, embracing (15) fifteen separate Departments,
to be 4,351.
The Committee unite in the recommendations of the Surgeon-General, that De-
partments should report not only more promptly, but that every State and Provisional
Department should be heard from.
RULES, REGULATIONS, AND RITUAL.
No propositions of importance were before this committee.
They oifered resolutions of thanks to Judge-Advocate-General W.
W. Douglas, " who for six years has served the Grand Army of the
Republic with unswerving integrity, constant zeal, and conspicu-
ous ability, which merit and receive the grateful regard of every
comrade of the Order, therefore :
Resolved, That the Commander-in-Chief be requested to appoint a committee of
three to procure a suitable testimonial to present to Couirade Douglas, as a memorial
of his services and our affectionate regard."
The recommendations of the committee were unanimously
adopted, and a gold watch was afterwards presented to Comrade
Douglas.
RESOLUTIONS.
The Committee on Resolutions reported the resolution of the
preceding Encampment urging Congress to pass the bill for the
equalization of bounties.
Administration of John F. Hartranft. 179
Attention was called to the meaning of Memorial Day : " That
the Grand Army of the Republic seeks thus to preserve the mem-
ories of those only who fought in defense of the National Unity."
The following were also adopted unanimously :
Whereas, The National Encampment, as a body, and its members, individually,
have been the recipients of very many kind attentions from the authorities, the citizens
and the comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic, which have largely contributed
to our enjoyment, and will be gratefully remembered by each and every member of
our Encampment; it is therefore
Resolved, That our hearty thanks are hereby expressed to the Municipal Authorities
of the city of Providence, for their very liberal reception and entertainment of this
Encampment; to the Officers and Comrades of the Department of Rhode Island; the
Rhode Island Veteran Association, and also to the people of this patriotic and hospi-
table cily for the many acts of kindness we have received at their hands.
We shall depart to our several homes with the decided conviction that, although
their State is small, they have a breadth of patriotism and largeness of heart not ex-
celled by even the largest of her sisters.
Resolved, That our sincere thanks are hereby tendered to Prescott Post No. 1, for
lighting a bright and warm camp-fire; to Slocum Post No. 10, for an escort to the
Commander-in-Chief; to the First Light Infantry Regiment, for the use of their ar-
mory; to the following comrades of Prescott Post No. 1, for faithful and soldierly
service as Guard — W. J. Bradford, Officer of the Day; W. H. Chenery, Officer of the
Guard, and Lemuel Field, Gilbert Wilson, R. Sherman, E. O. Shepardson, A. A.
Fanning, Orrin Mowry, R. R. Lindsay, C. R. Barbor and G. K. Davis, sentinels; and
to all others who have in any way contributed to our comfort and enjoyment.
Resolved, That the National Encampment recognizes the faithful and efficient ser-
vices of Comrade William Ward. Quartermaster-General, and hereby tenders to the
comrade their unfeigned and hearty thanks, with the best wishes of the National En-
campment for his future prosperity.
The following was adopted unanimously :
Resolved, That the Grand Army of the Republic tender their grateful and mo.st re-
spectful thanks to Commander-in-Chief John F. Hartranft, for the distinguished
courtesy, dignity and discretion, with which he has exercised his high duties. It is
our pride and our pleasure to remember that the soldierly fame which has endeared
hill to his native State, and merited the grateful sentiments of the Nation, is entwined
with our affectionate regard and respect for him as comrade and Commander-in-Chief
of the Grand Army of the Republic.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The following were elected :
Commander-in-Chief, John C. Robinson, New York.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Elisha H. Rhodes, Rhode
Island.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, William Earnshaw, Ohio.
Surgeon-General, Dr. Jas. L. Watson, re-elected.
Chaplain-in-Chief, Rev. Jos. F. Lovering, re-elected.
18;) Grand Army of the Republic.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
California, J. C. Medley ; Connecticut, Henry Huss ; Illinois,
E. W. Chamberlain ; Maine, J. B. Cilley ; Maryland, J. Kaufman ;
Massachusetts, Jacob Silloway, Jr. ; Minnesota, Albert SchefFer ;
Nebraska, R. H. Wilbur ; New Hampshire, L. L. Aldrich ; New
Jersey, W. J. Buckley ; New York, Henry C. Perley ; Ohio, Thos.
C. Boone ; Pennsylvania, W. B. Jones ; Potomac, C. C. Royce ;
Rhode Island, Fred. A. Arnold ; Vermont, William Wells ; Vir-
ginia, James F. Wilson ; Wisconsin, J. P. Luther.
An evening session was held for the exemplification of the un-
written work, by officers and members of Post No. 2, Philadel-
phia.
HOSPITALITIES.
Commander-in-Chief Hartranft was escorted to Providence by
Posts 2 and 5, of Philadelj)hia. They were received in New York
city by Department Commander James Tanner, and Posts of that
city. They were received at Providence by Prescott Post No. 1
and Slocum Post No. 10, and escorted to Headquarters.
Later in the day the members of the Encampment assembled
in the Light Infantry Armory, where Mayor Doyle, President
Fisher, of the Board of Aldermen, and President Robinson, of the
Common Council, were present and extended a hearty welcome to
the Grand Army of the Republic.
Responses were made by General Hartranft and General Burn-
side.
The Encampment was afterwards entertained on board the
steamer Rhode Island by invitation of the municipal authorities
of Providence.
During the sail on the river and bay, which occupied several
hours, the members partook of a bountiful collation.
On Thursday, over 2(),0()() persons were present at a clam-bake
at Rocky Point, President Hayes and members of his Cabinet be-
ing also guests.
Pr<;sc()tt Post No. 1 entertained the visitors at a Camp-fire
arranged on a grand scale and most successfully carried out in all
its details. Colonel C. Henry Barney acted as chairman, and ad-
dresses were made by Governor Van Zandt, General Hartranft,
General J. C. Robinson, Honorable H. B. Anthony, Corporal
James Tan.H'r, C]i,ii)l;Lin Earnshaw, General Horatio Rogers,
Administration of John F. Hartranft. 181
General E. H. Rhodes. Captain Geo. B. Squires, New York, re-
cited " Only a Common Soldier." During the evening Commander
J. M. Vanderslice on behalf of Post 2, Philadelphia, presented
General Hartranft with an elegant souvenir of the occasion, and
Comrade Chas. F. Kennedy, of Post 2, presented Prescott Post
with a handsome ballot-box, made in the form of a miniature
cannon.
A banquet was also given the visitors by the city of Provi-
dence. After dinner, addresses were made by Mayor Doyle, Coun-
cilman Arthur F. Dexter, Rev. J. F. Behrends, Bayard Taylor,
Dr. W. F. Palmer, Assistant Adjutant-General, Vanderslice and a
number of others.
CHAPTER XVI.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF JOHN C. ROBINSON
—TWELFTH ANNUAL SESSION, SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHU-
SETTS, JUNE 4, 1878.
Comm-\nder-in-Chief Robinson established Headquarters iu
Xe-vv York city, with the following staff :
Adjutant-General, Jas. L. Farley, NeAv York.
Quartermaster-General, AYilliam Ward, New Jersey.
Judge-Advocate-General, William Cogswell, Massachusetts.
Inspector-General, William F. Rogers, New York.
Assistant Adjutant-General, Harvey B. Denison, New York.
Inspector-General Rogers resigned his position in March, 1879,
having been elected Commander of the Department of New York,
and he was succeeded by Matthew Hall, Pennsylvania.
General John C. Robinson, Commander-in-Chief, was gradu-
ated from the United States Military Academy, and was commis-
sioned Second Lieutenant, 5th Infantry, October 27, 1839. In
1857 he Avas in active service against the Indians in Florida. Was
appointed Colonel, 1st Michigan Yqlunteers, September 1, 1861,
and Brigadier-General, U. S. V., April 23, 1862 ; brevetted Lieu-
tenant-Colonel, U. S. A., to date July 1, 1863, for gallant services
at Gettysburg ; brevetted Colonel, U. S. A., May 5, 1864, for gal-
lant services in the Wilderness ; brevetted Major-General, U. S. V.,
June 27, 1864, for gallant and meritorious services during the war ;
brevetted Brigadier-General, U. S. A., March 16, 1865, for gallant
services at Spottsylvania, and brevetted Major-General, U. S. A.,
March 13, 1865, for gallant and meritorious services in the field
during the war. He was a brigade commander in the battles of
Peach Orchard, Savage Station, Glendale, Malvern Hill, Bristoe
Station, Second Bull Run, Chantilly and Fredericksburg, and
commanded a Division at the second battle of Fredericksburg,
Chancellorsville, Gettysl)urg, The Wilderness, Spottsylvania and
Todd's Tavern. While leading his Division in the latter engage-
[182]
Administration of John C*. Robinson.
183
ment, he Avas badl}' wounded in the knee, resulting in the amputa-
tion of his left leg. After the war he held important military as-
signments, until retired as Major-General, May 6, 1869.
He resides at Binghamton, New York, and has always taken an
active interest in the Grand Army of the Republic. Was De-
partment Commander of New York, 1870. He served one term
as Lieutenant-Governor of New York.
General Elislia H. Rhodes,
Senior Vice-Commander-iu-
Chief, entered the service,
June 5, 1861, as Corporal, '2d
Rhode Island Volunteer In-
fantry, and was successively
promoted to Sergeant-Ma-
jor, Second Lieutenant, First
Lieutenant, Adjutant and
Captain, and was in com-
mand of his Regiment from
June 5, 1864, until its muster-
out, July 28, 1865 ; brevetted
Major, U. S. V., December 5,
1861, " for gallant and meri-
torious conduct at the bat-
tle of "Winchester, Septem-
ber 19, 1864, and for his
habitual good conduct and deportment on all the battle-fields
of the campaign before Richmond, Virginia ; " Lieutenant-Col-
onel, January 31, 1865 ; brevetted Colonel, U. S. V., April 2, 1865,
"for gallant and meritorious services before Petersburg;" Col-
onel, July 18, 1865.
He was a charter member of Prescott Post No. 1, Providence,
April 12, 1867 ; Post Adjutant, 1867 ; member Department Coun-
cil of Administration, 1867 ; Post Commander, 1868 and 1869 ;
Assistant Adjutant-General, Department of Rhode Island, 1871;
Department Commander, 1872 and 1873 ; Brigadier-General, com-
manding Rhode Island Militia, 1879, and is still in command.
Genebal E. H. Rhodes.
Rev. Wm. Earnshaw, Junior Vice-Commander-iu-Chief. (For
biography and portrait see Chapter XVIII.)
184
Grand Army of the Kepublic.
Dr. J. L. Farley.
Dr. James L. Farley,
Adjutant - General, w a s
born in Brooklyn in 1836.
At the age of 21 he gradu-
ated from the College of
Physicians and Surgeons
of NcAv York, and began
practicing in Brooklyn.
In 1857 he became resi-
dent physician at the Flat-
bush Hospital. He en-
tered the service April 18,
1861, as Assistant Sur-
geon, 14th N.Y. S. M. (81th
N. Y. Vols.). In 1862 he
was promoted to Surgeon,
and in 1863 was brevetted
Lieutenant-Colonel U. S.
Volunteers. He resigned on account of ill-health, September,
1863. In 1864 he returned to the 14th Regiment as Surgeon,
and held that position at the time of his death. He was fond of
literary wort and the stage, and had committed to memory more
than a thousand different pieces for recitation.
He joined Rankin Post No. 10, Brooklyn, June 22, 1869, and
served as Post Surgeon and as Commander. He was Assistant
Adjutant-General, Department of New York, 1868, 1869 and 1870.
He died in Brooklyn, March 9, 1886, and the funeral was attended
by very large numbers of his old comrades of the 14th Regiment,
and of the veteran organization of the same, of which he was an
active member. Delegations from the Grand Army of tlie Repub-
lic, Masonic fraternity. Knights of Honor and Sons of Temperance
also attended.
General William Cogswell, Judge-Advocate-General, was born
in Bradford, Massachusetts, August 23, 1838. Graduated at the
Law School of Harvard University, July, 1860. Enlisted May 11,
1861, as Captain, Company C, 2d Massachusetts Infantry ; pro-
moted Lieutenant-Colonel and Colonel ; brevetted Brigadier-Gen-
eral U. S. v., December 16, 1864 ; commanded 3d Brigade, 2d Di-
vision, 20th Army Corps. Served in the Shenandoah Valley under
General Banks ; in Virginia under General Pope, and afterwards
Administration of John C. Robinson.
185
in the Army of the Poto-
mac until ordered West,
where he served under
Thomas and Sherman.
Participated in the March
to the Sea and the clos-
ing events in North Car-
olina. Mustered - out,
July 25, 1865.
He has since served
five years as Mayor of
Salem, five years as a
member of the House of
Representatives, and two
years in the State Senate.
Elected Member of Con-
gress, 1886. A member
of Post 34, Salem, sines
General Wm. Cogswell.
its organization. Served one term as
Department Commander of Massachusetts.
TWELFTH ANNUAL SESSION.
The National Encampment met in Springfield, Massachusetts,
June 4, 1878. The members were escorted to the Armory of the
Peabody Guard by that body, and the City Guard of Springfield,
the local Posts, and Posts and detachments from Connecticut,
New York and Pennsylvania. Captain S. C. Warriner, Marshah
An address of welcome was made by Hon. Emerson Wight,
Mayor of Springfield, which was responded to by Commander-in-
Chief Robinson.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief John C. Robinson.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Elisha H. Rhodes.
Adjutant-General James L. Farley.
Quartermaster-General William Ward.
Inspector-General Matthew Hall.
Surgeon-General James L. Watson, M. D,
Chaplain-in-Chief Jos. F. Lovering.
186 Grand Akmy of the IIepublic.
council of administration.
Henry Huss, Coiuiocticut ; E. AV. Cliamberlaiu, Illinois ; J. P.
Cilley, Maine ; Jacob Silloway, Jr., Massachusetts ; W. J. Buckley,
New Jersej' ; L. L. Aldrich; New Hampshire ; W. B. Jones, Penn-
sylvania ; C. C. Royce, Potomac ; C. Henry Barney, Rhode Island.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
Connecticut, 8 ; Illinois, 1; Maine, 5 ; Maryland, 1; Massachu-
setts, 13 ; Nebraska, 1 ; New Hampshire, 5 ; New Jersey, 6 ; New
York, 14 ; Ohio, 3 ; Pennsylvania, 12 ; Potomac, 3 ; Rhode Island,
10 ; Vermont, 3. Departments, 1-4 ; Department Officers and
Representatives, 85.
Commander-in-Chief Robinson, in his address, said :
The annual reports show that the Order is in as healthy and flourishing a condi-
tion as can reasonably be expected. While in some sections of the country comrades
have been inactive and wanting in energy, and there has been a falling off. in others
there has been renewed life and spirit, a disposition to labor earnestly in the cause,
followed naturally by an increase of membership and a determination to make the
Grand Arnij', as it should be, a power in the land, by enrolling in its ranks every
worth}', honorably discharged, soldier and sailor who served in the army and navy
of the United States during the war for the jircservation of the Union.
At no time since its organization has the Grand Army of the Hepublic occupied
so high and proud a position as to-day. The charge, so long and persistently made,
of its being a political organization, is no longer heard. We hav(> outlived prejudice
and overcome opposition. People have seen our good works and become satisfied
that we are connected with no party or .sect ; that we are what we profess to be, a
fraternal, charital)le, and loyal association ; that among the men who have faced a
common danger, toiled together on the long and weary march, drank from the same
canteen, bivouacked under the same blanket, stood shoulder to shoulder in the shock
of battle there exists a fraternal feeling that can be found no where else; that our
charity is not contined but extends to all our former companions in arms, and to all
widows and orphans of those who wore the blue; that our loyally consists in a deter-
mination to preserve the Union of the States, and to uphold the Hag of our country
as the emblem of universal liberty, equal rights and justice to all men.
During the present session of Congress a bill has been introduced, providing that
all the pensions on account of death or disability from service in the Union army,
that have been or may hereafter be gr.uited, shall begin with the deatli or discharge
of the soldier. Struck with the justness of this measure, I immediately brought it to
the attenlif)n of Department Commanders, hoping tliat action by the several Depart-
ment Encampments might have an important bearing on its success.
CJrcat injustice has l)een done to our disabled comrades, and to the widows and
orphans (who are our wards), by the great delay in granting pensions to those who
are by law justly entitled to them. Applications Jiave laid, perhaps years, before
being acted upon, and then, when reached, it has frecpiently happened that they have
been sent back for the eorrection of some error or informality, and ha\c liad to go
Administration of John C. Kobinson. 187
to the bottom of the list, waiting again for months or years before being reached and
acted upon. The objections raised against this measure arc, that it grants pensions
for years when they have not been asked for, and that it would necessitate the pay-
ment of millions out of the treasury. During the war of the rebellion it Avas said the
country could never reward its soldiers sufficiently. Now, when soldiers are no
longer needed, our crippled and disabled comrades, the widow and the orphan, are to
be refused necessary relief because of the expense, — as though the services of the
men who saved the Union could be requited by a few millions of dollars.
Stirring events within the last twelve months have brought the Grand Army into
greater prominence than ever, proving that our organization is as ready and willing
now to take up arms in the cause of law and order, as it was to crush treason and re-
bellion in the past. A seeming conflict between capital and labor was taken advan-
tage of by a lawless and turbulent element, incited, by the hope of plunder, to the
commission of arson and murder. Many lives were sacrificed, and millions of prop-
erty were destroyed. State authorities were unable to restore order, and the aid of
the general government was invoked. At the commencement of the difficulty, I tel-
egraphel to the president of the United States. " The Grand Army of the Republic,
an organization composed exclusively of veterau soldiers and sailors, can, if necessary,
furnish thousands of vohmteers for the restoration and preservation of order.' At
the same time some of our Posts offered their service to the State authorities, which
in a few cases were accepted. The knowledge that a strong organization of tried
veteran soldiers stood ready to resume their arms to enforce obedience to the laws,
did much to restore order and insure quiet to the disturbed districts. While this or-
ganization, true to its principles, will advocate justice and equal rights, it will dis-
countenance every attempt at anarchy or insurrection.
Our Order is now firmly established upon the best and surest foundations. It has
secured the respect and good will of all. Let us continue to merit the good opinion
of mankind by pursuing closely the path we have marked out, laboring earnestly for
the extension and perpetuation of our Order, by keeping fresh and green the fraternal
feeling that binds us together as soldiers and sailors of the Republic, by disinterested
and liberal charity, and that loyalty to the Union, born of pure and lofty patriotism.
MEMORIAL DAY.
In the order relative to Memorial Day, the Commander-in-
Chief had expressed his regret that it was necessary to remind some
of the comrades that the day is sacred to the memory of our heroic
dead, and that it is not, in any sense, a time for pleasure, excursions,
or merry-making of any kind. He called upon all right-minded
members of the Order, and those who sympathize with us, to pre-
vent, by any and all means in their power, any attempt to use the
day for any other purpose than that for which it was instituted.
REPORTS OF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General Jas. L. Farley presented his report, showing
as follows :
188 Grand Army of the Bepublic.
During the year 1877 there were added —
By .Muster-in ...... 5,676
" Transfer, ..---.- 284
" Reinstatement, ..... 3,196
9,156
During the year there were lost —
By Dcjith, 293
" Honorable Discharge, ...... 237
" Transfer, - - - - - - - 417
" Suspension, ...... 7,493
" Dropped, 500
8,940
Making a net gain of 216 members, against a net loss last year of 1,090.
A detailed statement has been prepared of the condition of each Department as
compared with the previous year.
It will show that while the large Departments (except Pennsylvania) have fallen
off, many of the smaller ones have gained.
He referred to the difficulties met during the year in the man-
ufacture of the new cannon-metal badge, and said the thanks of
the Encampment were due Comrade Jos. K. Davison, of Philadel-
phia, for his labors in the matter. 4,fi96 badges had been issued.
Among the notable occurrences of the term were :
The Reunion of the Department of Vermont, at Bennington,
on the anniversary of the battle, and of the Department of New
Jersey, August 29, at Jersey City.
The Parade of the Department of Massachusetts on the occasion
of the dedication of the Soldiers' Monument at Boston, September
17 (Antietam Day), when 6,719 comrades were in line.
The Parade of the Posts of Philadelphia on the anniversary of
Germantown, October 4.
The Parade of the Department of Pennsylvania at the Perma-
nent Exhibition Building, to celebrate the eleventh anniversary of
that Department, when 3,000 comrades, in uniform, were reviewed
by Commander-in-Chief Robinson, in company with Governor
Hartranft, General McClellan, and other distinguished gentle-
men.
The recent Reunion of the Department of Kansas, at Fort
Leavenworth.
All these, besides providing enjoyment for those who partici-
pated, reflected great credit upon the Order.
Quartermaster-General Ward presented the financial accounts,
showing net assets, $4,533.11.
Administration of John C. Robinson. 189
Inspector-General Matthew Hall gave a brief synopsis of the
Inspection Reports, showing the condition and prospects of the
various Departments.
He recommended more care in the appointment of Assistant
Inspectors, as much of the delay in securing full reports was
caused by the carelessness and inefficiency of many of those ap-
pointed.
Judge-Advocate-General William Cogswell presented, in print,
the opinions given in fifteen cases referred to him during the year.
Surgeon-General James L. Watson, presented a very inter-
esting report from thirteen Departments : — Connecticut, Illinois,
Louisiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Mountain, Nebraska, New
Hampshire, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Potomac, Rhode Island, Vermont.
Some of these reports are very good, the best being from Rhode Island, Massa-
chusetts, Connecticut and Pennsylvania ; and the Medical Directors of these Depart-
ments merit special commendation for the faithful attention to, and excellent per-
formance of, their duties.
The whole number of comrades reported as disabled— «» addition to those reported
last year — is one thousand six hundred and twenty-seven; of these, two are reported
as having, from wounds or other causes, lost both eyes ; and eighteen have each lost
one eye ; thirty-two have suffered amputation of left arm ; twenty -nine, right arm ;
one, both hands; two, both arms; twenty-seven, left leg; twenty -nine, right leg; five
are sulTering from pneumonia ; thirty-three are ruptured; twenty -three, paralyzed;
eighteen are deaf, and sixty-three are blind or partially so.
Of the comrades reported, eleven hundred and thirt^^-one are natives of the United
States ; one hundred and fifty-four are from Ireland ; one hundred and thirty -four
from Germany ; one hundred and eight from England and British Provinces, and
one hundred of other nationalities, and unclassified.
Chaplain-in-Chief Lovering recommended two measures for
the increase of our organization :
1. A more cordial and vigorous support of our Grand Army journals. Not a
single number of any paper published in the interests of our Fraternity can be read
without a keen sense of its deserts and of the justice with which every claim is made
for generous assistance.
2. More enthusiastic activity in recruiting our ranks. In certain sections of our
country, for instance, whose fame for loyalty is more than national, among whose
hosts promoted to immortality is the name of Thomas, and among whose captains
immortal by brevet, whose full commission awaits their acceptance, is the illustrious
name of Grant, our present membership by no means adequately represents — in num-
bers—the veterans of our civil war. It seems eminently fitting that an effort should
be made to recruit our ranks and awaken such an interest in the Grand Army of the
Republic that it shall be a matter of serious question when any soldier, claiming to
have earned a good record, confesses his name is not on our roster.
All this, naturally, inevitably results from the enshrined memories, soldierly
190 (JuANi) Ak.my of the Hepublic.
worth and active loyalty belonging to the Grand Arm}-. Our present and our future
are indissolubly united with the past. The names of those who till our ranks to day,
however illustrious, fade before the renown of those who have been promoted. Their
deeds ai'e our hvat sources of inspiration to wakeful vigilance and untarnished honor.
Thtir graves are the altars of our patriotism, and as we look upon them or gather
about them, we may, as if we repeated a cluu'ch litany, in serious and humble rever-
ence say :
From all ingratitude to the heroic sacrilice of the past— good Lord deliver us. '
From all forgetfulness of that brave and loyal manhood by which the Union was
preserved, and the Constitution of the United States vindicated — good Lord dL-
liver us.
From any lack of zeal, from any hesitation of purpose, from any timidity of faith
in a final victory of a stalwart and valorous patriotism over the spirit of treacherous
compromise and sentimental concession, which are but other names for treason,
privy conspiracy and national wrong— good Lord deliver us.
While to such litany let there be added these questions and responses: On what
rests the hope of the Republic '! One country and one flag. How may that country
be preserved and that flag be kept unsullied ? By eternal vigilance, which is the
price of liberty.
One country! One flag! Eternal vigilance the price of liberty! These are the
great commandments of the Grand Army of the Kepublic. These unite to form the
supreme law of a self-sacrificing and heroic patriotism.
God of the nation! As in the past Thou didst grant to the grand army of immor-
tals obedience unto death, so unto us of the Grand Army of the Republic, in what-
ever need, in peace or war, for Thy cause which is our country's, incline our hearts
to keep this law.
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On Report of the Adjutant-General : — C. J. Richards, New
Hampshire ; F. A, Arnold, Rhode Island ; Paul Van Dervoort,
Nebraska ; Jas. F. Meech, Massachusetts ; Chas. E. Fowler, Con-
necticut.
On Report of the Quartermaster-General : — J. H. Goulding,
Vermont ; H. H. Thomas, Illinois ; J. Mueller, New Jersey ; E.
Jardine, New York ; M. J). Townseud, Ohio.
On Report of the Inspector-General :— J. M. Vanderslice, Penn-
sylvania; J. J. McCardy, Minnesota; E. W. Chamberlain, Illi-
nois ; ^V. J. P>nckley, New Jersey ; Oscar Smith, New York.
On Report of the Judge-Advocate-General :- H. B. Sargent,
Massacliusctts ; Jas. McC^uade, New York; F. G. Otis, Connec-
ticut ; li. T.. AMricli, New Hampshire ; E. B. Tyler, Maryland.
On the Report of the Surgeon-General :— Geo. E. Corson, Po-
tomac ; Jacob Sillowav, Jr., Massachusetts ; AV. B. Jones, Pennsyl-
Administkation of John C. Kobinson. 191
vania ; C. B. Jeniiess, New Hampshire ; F. G. Allen, Rhode Is-
land.
On Rules, Regulations, and Ritual, and Resolutions : — R. B.
Beatli, Pennsylvania ; Geo. S. Merrill, Massachusetts ; James
Tanner, New York ; N. L. Guthrie, Ohio ; A. C. Hamlin, Maine.
REPORTS FROM COMMITTEES.
The Committee on Report of Surgeon-General Watson, com-
mended his zeal and untiring industry in the discharge of his
duties.
The Committee on Report of Quartermaster-General William
Ward, commended him as a most faithful and competent official.
The Committee on Rules, Regulations, and Ritual recommended
the preparation of a Manual for the use of officers of Posts ; to
permit Departments, by a two-thirds vote, to constitute Past Post
Commanders as members of such Department Encampments ; that
all flags hoisted on Memorial Day be at half-mast.
The Report was adopted and R. B. Beatli, Adjutant-General
Farley and Chaplain-in-Chief Lovering were appointed the com-
mittee to compile the Manual.
RESOLUTIONS.
The following were adopted :
(1.) Appointing a committee to lay before the President a com-
plaint relative to the refusal of the Superintendent of the U. 8.
Buildings in Albany, to recognize the claims of veterans for pref-
erence in employment. Comrades Tanner and Jno. Palmer, with
Commander-in-Chief Robinson, were appointed such committee.
(2.) Deprecating the tendency to depart from the projDer ob-
servance of Memorial Day, and calling on members of the Order
and all good citizens, to discourage, b}' all the means in their power,
any desecration of the day.
(3.) Thanks were extended to all the retiring officers ; to the
Grand Army guard and members in Sj^ringfield ; to the public offi-
cials and citizens for their hospitality and courtesies ; and to the
Peabody Guard for the use of their armory.
192 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
election of officers.
The election resulted as follows :
Commander-in-Chief, John C. Robinson, re-elected.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Paul Van Dervoort, Ne-
braska.
Junior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, Herbert E. Hill, Massachu-
setts.
Surgeon-General, James L. Watson. (Third term.)
Chaplain-in-Chief, Jos. F. Lovering. (Third term.)
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
California, Geo. A. Baxter ; Connecticut, Julius W. Knowlton ;
Illinois, E. W. Chamberlain ; Maine, J. P. Cilley ; Maryland, Jas.
M. Deepis ; Massachusetts, George S. Evans ; Nebraska, P. P.
Shelby ; New Hampshire, Levi L. Aldrich ; New Jersey, William
J. Buckley ; New York, George B. Squires ; Ohio, Thomas C.
Boone ; Pennsylvania, William B. Jones ; Potomac, C. C. Royce ;
Rhode Island, C. Henry Barney ; Vermont, George H. Bigelow.
COURTESIES EXTENDED.
On the evening of June 4, Post 2, of Philadelphia, before the
National Encampment and visiting comrades, in numbers so great
as to literally pack the hall, exemplified the secret work of the
Order in a manner to call forth the praise and admiration of all
present.
The same evening, the members of the National Encampment
and visiting comrades, were received and entertained by the Spring-
field Club, at their Club House, in a style of oriental magnificence.
Music was furnished by Brown's Brigade Band of Boston, and the
Orchestral Club of Springfield.
The illuminations of colored lanterns and lime lights, reflect-
ing on the flags and other decorations, gave the scene the appear-
ance of fairy-land.
The House and grounds were filled with visitors to the number
of at least a thousand. Five thousand men, women and children
were congregated outside of the enclosure.
The street decorations were general, extensive and elaborate.
If th <■. citizens had cntc^red into a friendly rivalry in the matter,
each striving to (^xccl the other in the work, the result could
Administration of John C. Eobinson. 193
hardly have been more gratifying. Main Street was lined with
flags, bunting and emblems from the walks to the cornices of the
buildings.
Not only was this true of Main Street, but almost every house
in the city, public or private building, place of business or resi-
dence, was more or less elaborately decorated.
The next day, June 5, the officers of the National Encampment,
together with the officers of the Society of the Army of the Po-
tomac, were received and entertained by Colonel and Mrs. James
M. Thompson, at their residence. Highland Place, and were after-
wards conveyed in carriages to the United States Armory, where
they were received with a salute, and to other points of interest in
and about the city.
18
CHAPTER XVII.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF J. C. ROBINSON (SEC-
OND TERM)-THIRTEENTH ANNUAL SESSION, ALBANY, N. Y.,
JUNE 17, 1879.
Headquarters were retained in New York city, with the staff
officers of the preceding term.
Senior Yice-Comraander-iu-Chief Paul Van Dervoort was
elected Commander-in-Chief at Baltimore, 1882. See Chapter
XXI.
Herbert E. Hill, Junior Yice-
Commander-in-Chief, was born
in Boston, December 18, 1845,
and first offered to enlist at the
age of 16, but was refused on
account of his age. A year later
he succeeded in enlisting in the
8th Yermont Yolunteers, and
served in all the battles and
skirmishes of that regiment in
Louisiana and Mississippi, and
later with Sheridan in the Shen-
andoah Yalley. At Opequan
the regiment made a daring
bayonet charge, and young Hill
cajjtured a prisoner on the rebel
works. He was injured at Cedar
Creek, October 19, 1864, where he captured one of the enemy's
sharpshooters.
He Avas then placed on detached duty in Washington, and was
promoted for meritorious conduct. After the war he took a deep
interest in the State militia, and has filled a number of respon-
sible positions— serving one term as Assistant Adjutant-General
of the State, with the rank of Colonel. He early joined the Grand
[1941
CoLONEi^ Herbert E. Hill.
Administration of John C. Robinson.
195
Army of the Eepublic, and served as Commander of Post 139,
Somerville, where he resides.
At his own expense, memorials were erected on the battle-field
of Opequan in honor of the services of the 8th Vermont, for which
he received the thanks of the State, through resolutions adopted
by the Senate and House in 1886.
Colonel Hill is in business as a
merchant in Boston. f"- \
Captain Matthew Hall, In-
spector-General, entered the
service August 30, 1861, as a
Private 91st Eegiment Penn-
sylvania Volunteers, and was
wounded in the arm at Gettys-
burg. He was mustered-out as
Captain on the expiration of
the three years term. Joined
Post 2, Philadelphia, in 1871,
and was Post Commander in
1881 ; was appointed Inspector-
General to fill vacancy caused
by the resignation of Comrade
AVm. F. Rogers.
Captain Matthew Hall.
thirteenth annual session.
The National Encampment met in Albany, N. Y., June 17,
1879. Previous to the Encampment there was a large parade,
under command of General Frederick Townsend, of regiments
of the National Guiard in Albany, visiting companies of militia,
and Posts of the Department of New York.
The National Encampment was escorted to Tweddle Hall,
where Mayor Michael N. Nolan welcomed the members of the
Grand Army of the Republic to that city. He was followed by
the Hon. Charles R. Knowles, who made an eloquent address,
which was responded to by Commander-in-Chief Robinson.
The Encampment was then opened, Commander-in-Chief Rob-
inson presiding.
196 Grand Army of the Republic.
officers present.
Oommander-in-C'bief John C. Robinson.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Cliief Paul Yau Dervoort.
Adjutant-General James L. Farley.
Quartermaster-General William "Ward.
Inspector-General Matthew Hall.
Surgeon-General Jas. L. Watson.
Chaplain-in-Chief Joseph F. Lovering.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
Geo. H. Bigelow, Vermont ; Geo. S. Evans, Massachusetts ;
Julius AV. Knowlton, Connecticut ; C. Henry Barney, Rhode
Island ; (xeo. B. Squires, New York ; AY. J. Buckley, New Jersey ;
AV. B. Jones, Pennsylvania ; T. E. Thomasen, Potomac ; T. C.
Boone, Ohio ; E. W. Chamberlain, Illinois.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
California, 1 ; Connecticut, .3 ; Illinois, 2 ; Iowa, 1 ; Maine, 5 ;
Maryland, 3 ; Massachusetts, 15 ; Michigan, 1 ; Nebraska, 4 ; New
Hampshire, 8 ; New Jersey, 8 ; New York, 16 ; Ohio, 2 ; Penn-
sylvania, 18 ; Potomac, 6 ; Rhode Island, 11 ; Yermont, 7 ; Yir-
ginia, 1 ; Provisional Department of Kansas, 1 ; Post No. 1, Lou-
isiana, 1. In all, 19 Departments ; Department officers and rep-
resentatives, 114.
Commander-in-Chief Robinson, in his address, said, referring
to the charge of partisan action by the Grand Army of the Re-
iniblic :
As an organization we owe allegiance to no political party, and our constitution
expressly forbids the discussion of partisan questions in our meetings, yet we are
bound to protect the interests of our comrades ; and I cannot avoid expressing my
indignation that Union soldiers (perhaps maimed and crippled in their country's
service) should be removed from positions of trust and deprived of their means of
support to make room for men who fought for the dissolution of the Union. It is no
violation of our organic law to call your attention to this matter, for it is one that
affects every loyal soldier in the land. If this Encampment cannot repair the wrong,
it can at least i)lace on record its protest against the act.
Soldiers must stand by and support each otiier, or their rights will be ignored
and trampled upon. We are not ready yet to admit that the cause of the Union
is the lost cause. We do not admit that there is any doubt as to which was right and
wliieh was wrong, in the great coiillict through which we have passed. We had no
doubt while the conflict lasted; we have none now. While we are confident that we
\)
Administration of John C. Robinson. 197
were right and our opponents were wrong, we are willing to believe they were honest
and sincere. We can honor and respect the brave men who manfully fought us face
to face, but have only scorn and contempt for their Northern allies, who, when we
needed sympathy and support, kept up the fire in the rear, criticised our operations,
magnified our reverses, and had no words of encouragement or cheer for our success.
Those we contended against were our own countr3rtnen. They were as earnest and
enthusiastic as ourselves, but we felt that their success would be equally ruinous
to the North and South. Therefore we never acknowledged defeat, but after each
reverse were ready to resume the offensive, determined then as now, that in this
country there shall be but one government and one flag. The Grand Army of the
Republic, composed exclusively of men who devoted themselves to the accomplish-
ment of this object, will insist upon a faithful observance of the terms agreed upon
at the close of the war.
At our last Encampment I called your attention to the bill then pending in
Congress for the payment of arrears of pensions. It has since become a law, and al-
though the disbursements under it are likely to be much greater than was antici-
pated, but few persons deny the justice of the measure, and it is gratifying to know
that it will afford the needed relief to many disabled comrades, and to thousands of
widows and orphans.
During the prevalence last simimer of the terrible epidemic with which our
brethren at the South were afflicted, I received an appeal for aid from our comrades
in Louisiana. I immediately issued a circular calling for contributions to meet the
emergency. The response was prompt and generous. Mower Post No. 1, Depart-
ment of Louisiana, acknowledged the receipt of $4,433.85. They expended $4,289.05,
leaving a balance of $134.80. The committee state that they did not confine them-
selves to relieving members of the Grand Army and their families, but regarding the
money as a soldiers' fund contributed by soldiers, they furnished aid to all ex-soldiers
and sailors of the Union whom they found in need. Their report embraces 878 fam-
ilies relieved, 19 ex-soldiers and 3 ex-sailors of the Union army and navy, together
with 38 children buried.
He referred to the successful efforts of the Grand Army of the
Republic in New York in securing legislation by which the Sol-
diers and Sailors Home at Bath would be maintained by the
State, and recommended similar action in other States.
All members of the staff have been diligent and faithful in the perfonnance of
the duties required of them, and I am greatly indebted to them for the successful
administration of affairs committed to my charge.
In resigning the command with which you have twice honored me, I desire to
return my heartfelt thanks for the kindness and courtesy I have received from my
comrades everywhere.
Believing this to be one of the grandest Orders ever organized, it has been a
pleasure to me to labor earnestly for its extension and success. It is a gratification
to know that it is growing in favor and usefulness, and that it has secured the
respect and confidence of the people, as well as the love and devotion of its mem-
bers.
198 Grand Army of the Republic.
reports of officers.
Adjutant-General Jas. L. Farley reported a net gain in mem-
bersliip for the year, of 4,048. Tlie largest gain had been made in
Pennsylvania, 2,732. Maryland had made the largest percentage
of gain, 83 per cent. ; New Jersey being next, Avith 70 j^er cent.
The membership was distributed — in Xew England, 41 per
cent. ; Middle States, 47 per cent. ; Western States, 9 per cent. ;
Southern States, 3 per cent.
Two Provisional Departments had been established — Wash-
ington Territory and Utah.
Senior Vice-Commander-iu-Chief Van Dervoort had done some
liard and earnest work in the West, and the result was beginning
to show.
Quartermaster-General William Ward reported the net assets
as 85,872.95.
Insjjector-Genoral Matthew Hall presented a detailed report,
showing the condition of the Departments. In referring, es-
pecially, to the thorough work of organization as shown in re-
cruiting in Philadelphia, he said :
What lias been done here can be done throughout that portion of our country
that is without organization, and to this matter I would call the earnest attention
of our coming Encampment. "Would it not be advisable to start the good work in
the great States of the Northwest? Such commonwealths as Indiana, Iowa, Michi-
gan, Kansas, and others that arc now devoid of organization ? Cannot the National
Headquarters send out competent comrades, paying a portion of their expenses '?
I would also call attention to the exemplification of the Ritual. Much has
been said, and -will be said, on this subject, for it is of the most vital importance to
our Order t'aat it be prop:rly memorized and impressively performed. AVhere musi-
cal talent is introduced, such as instrumental music in orchestras, vocal quartettes,
etc., it adds greatly to the interest of the muster ceremony ; also the use of the
Stereopticon in illustrating the charge."
Judge-Advocate-General William Cogswell presented in print
opinions in fifteen cases referred to him during the year.
Surgeon-General James L. AVatson presented an interesting
report, classifying 1,932 cases of members wounded or otherwise
disal)led.
Cliaj>laiii-in-Chief Jos. F. LovERiNG read his report, in the
course of wliicli ho said :
I'nder instructions from the C'liairinan of the Committee on Manual for OfTicera,
I have drafted a .service for .Memorial Day, which is herewith submitted. I have
also drafted and herewith submit an outline dnift for .service at the dedication of
Administration of John 0. Eobinson. 199
niemorial shafts, statues, ttc. I have also drafted and hei'ewith submit blanks for
future reports to this office should they be accepted and approved.
So far as I can ascertain, the zeal of our comrades for the Grand Army of the Re-
public knows no diminution, and, if possible, burns with more steadfast and glowing
flame. Their appreciation of the value and importance of the work of the Grand Army
is heartier than ever. Why should it not be? Such work concerns the sacred memory
of our dead, that the precious inheritance of valor, sacritice, good faith and loyalty they
left may be guarded by us aud enshrined in the life of our countrj'. Such work con-
cerns ourselves in justification of that personal self -respect that belongs to us as Union
soldiers, who should be joint recipients with our dead of the nation's gratitude and
lionors; such work concerns our children, that they may learn that great lesson of
patriotism, that the security of the State must depend upon the fidelity of the citizen;
such work concerns our country, that treason, with its baneful smile and deceitful
tongue, may not steal, by political audacity, what it could not conquer by the mailed
arm of rebellion — that the nation may not sulfer the shame of surrendering in peace
what it paid blood and treasure for in war — that the craft and intrigue of the
caucus, or the plausible sophistries of the hustings or of Congress, may not give rule
to those who could not gain authority by bayonet and sword — that no such humiliat-
ing spectacle may be endured, as that of a maimed and patriot soldier driven out of
the camp he has guarded — without even the formality of a drum-head court-martial —
and his place filled by one who wears a livery of gray under the domino and cloak,
or waterproof and shawl of a defeated, yet defiant and recon-tinued rebel.
In my previous reports, that our zeal might be increased and our fidelity enlarged,
I have given " our creed " and " our litany; " to-day I propose to preach our " sermon "
aud read " our hymn."
This is the sermon :
You can find the words of my text in the 20th Psalm, 5th verse: " In the name of
our God we will set up our banners."
Such a text may fitly suggest this subject: " Our Flag. "
1 . Our flag was woven on the loom of the Revolution by the indomitable valor, the
unwavering determination and invincible faith of hearts that knew no fear and would
endure no wrong.
2. Our flag was consecrated to liberty and equal rights— to the security of the citi-
zen and the sovereignty of the people.
3. Under its sheltering folds and in defense of the principles for which it stands,
our heroic and immortal dead rallied, and fought, and fell, and were promoted.
4. For its honor and supremacy we have toiled, and suffered, and prayed.
5. Beneath its radiant folds no miscreant fraud, no treachery with assassin heart,
no sullen and vindictive treason ought to live.
6. Its shelter should protect only industry, good faith, self-sacrificing patriotism;
that an honorable past may not fail of its just deserts; that the present may be strength-
ened in devotion to acknowledged duty ; that the future may realize what a loyal
faith may encourage us to expect.
In conclusion — All hail our Flag ! See how its stars glow with celestial light!
See how its crimson throbs as if it still felt the pulse of the brave hearts that have
defended it ! See how its white symbolizes an unstained loyalty ! See how its blue
still mirrors the heavens, in whose purity its stars first learned how to shine!
See how the eagle on its stafl:, with half spread pinions and vigilant eyes, watches
against any rattlesnake that may lurk in the grass, or any buzzard that may an^Tvhere
have fattened on carrion.
200 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
Finally: Let us, so far as ovir Flag is concerned, adopt the language of our text
and say—"' In the name of our God we will set up our banners." Let our Hag be dear
to us. Let it be set high above us. Let nothing be dearer, let nothing be higher,
stvve only the austere and graeious symbol of our faith— the Cross of Jesus Christ,
our Lord! Amen.
RELIEF TO LOUISIANA.
A commuiiicaiion was read from Jos. A. Mower Post, No. 1,
New Orleans, thanking the Grand Army of the Republic for the
generous donations sent to them in their hour of need, thereby
enabling them to assist the stricken soldier, combat with success
the yellow pestilence, or give its victim a soldier's funeral, and
his bereaved family needed succor.
Besolred, That deeds such as were enacted by our Northern comrades, under the
circumstances, shine out with even greater lustre, and will endure longer in the hearts
of grateful recipients, than those achieved on the battle-field, where amid the excite-
ment of charging hosts and the spur of patriotism or glory, each knightly soul strives
to do his devoir.
CODE AND MANUAL.
The committee appointed by direction of the preceding En-
campment (Comrades Beath, Lovering and Farley), presented a
Code and Manual for the guidance of the Grand Army of the Re-
public, which was adopted.
REYNOLDS' ESCUTCHEONS.
The following Avas adopted :
Resolved, That inasmuch as official records do not give the full account of each
separate soldier's and sailor's record, that we recognize in the system originated by
Comrade J. P. Reynolds, and known as " Keyuold's Escutcheons of Military and
Naval Service," an admirable and ingenious method of accomplishing this purpose.
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On Address of 'Oommander-in-Chief : — Wm. Earnshaw, Ohio ;
Geo. Bowers, New Hampshire ; F, A. Arnold, Rhode Island.
On Report of Adjutant-General and Quartermaster-General : —
Geo. B. Squires, New York ; Thos. C. Boone, Ohio ; E. W. Chani-
bi'iluiii, Illinois.
Administration of John G. Eobinson. 201
On Report of Inspector-General : — Jas. McQuade, New York ;
Wm. Earnshaw, Ohio ; W. D. H. Cochrane, New Hampshire ; E.
B, Tyler, Maryland ; R. Rahn, Pennsylvania.
On Report of Judge-Advocate-General : — J. G. B. Adams,
Massachusetts ; H. J. Spooner, Rhode Island ; C. E. Fowler,
Connecticut ; H. A. Barnum, New York ; H. Dingman, Potomac.
On Report of Surgeon-General :, — W. B. Jones, Pennsylvania ;
W. J. Buckley, New Jersey ; G. S. Evans, Massachusetts ; J. H.
Goulding, Vermont ; J. C. Walkinshaw, Kansas.
On Rules, Regulations, and Ritual : — R. B. Beath, Pennsyl-
vania ; G. S. Merrill, Massachusetts ; Jas. Tanner, New Y'^ork ; A.
C. Hamlin, Maine ; C. C. Royce, Potomac ; A. J. Bailey, Massa-
chusetts ; Chas. Burrows, New Jersey.
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES.
" The Committee to whom was referred the reports of the Ad-
jutant-General and Quartermaster-General, having carefully exam-
ined the books of record and of accounts, and compared the
receipts and expenditures with the figures of the reports, have
found everything correct, and hereby report accordingly.
" They, however, call attention to the payment of the bills of
ofl&cers of the National Encampment, and suggest that it is a mat-
ter which should be looked into and settled by the Encampment
itself. At present there seems to be no warrant or authority for
the payment of any such bills, except the custom itself, which is
more and more liable to be abused.
" They also recommend to the Council of Administration the
establishing of a more perfect system of accounts between the
Adjutant and Quartermaster-General, and the opening of inven-
tory and stock books, which, if carefully kept, will prevent serious
complications."
ON surgeon-general's report.
" The report shows that the Surgeon-General during the past
year has made every exertion in his power to obtain full and com-
plete reports from all the Departments, and we commend him to
the Encampment as a most faithful and efficient officer."
i02 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
RULES, REGULATIONS, AND RITUAL.
The Committee reported ujiou the several •|)ropositions sub-
mitted, the most important being an amendment to Article XIY,
Chapter I, Eligibility to Membership, adding the words in
italics :
Soldiers aud sailors of the United States Army, Navy or Marine Corps, (Did of
such State nriimcntx as wrre called into actir.c » mice and subject to the orders of U. S.
General Officers, irho screed between April 12th, 1S61, and April Wi. 18G5, in the war
for the suppression of the rebellion, and those having been honorably discharged
therefrom after such service, shall be eligible to membership in the Grand Army of
the Republic.
No person shall be eligible to membership wlio has a^ auy time borne arms
against the United States.
The limit as to time was intended to cover a decision following
the rulings of the Sui3reme Court of the United States, as to the
date when the Rebellion ended, aud under which decision those
who enlisted after Lee's surrender were eligible to membership in
the Grand Army of the Rej^ublic.
The following was adopted :
That hereafter no amendments to the Rules and Regulations, or the Ritual, sliall
be considered except by unanimous consent, unless the same .shall be presented to the
Adjutant-General, wlio .shall cause them to be printed at the expense of the Depart-
ment presenting them, and a copy thereof to be furnished to each member of the
National Encampment at least thirty days before the annual meeting.
RESOLUTIONS OF THANKS.
A vote of thanks was tendered to the retiring officers.
The following was unanimotish^ adopted :
Appreciating the magnificent welcome which has greeted us in tlie capital city
of tiie Empire State,
Resolved, That we extend to our comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic,
to the accredited authorities of the State of New York, and of the municipality of
Albany, and to all military bodies present, our sincere, enthusiastic and luartfelt
thanks for the gi_'uero\is. cordial and snMicrly hospitality that has been shown us.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
Tho f(dlowing were elected :
Commander-in-Chief, Rev. AVm. Earnshaw, Ohio.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-(^hief, John Palmer, New York.
Administration of John 0. Robinson. 203
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Harrison Dingman, Poto-
mac.
Surgeon-General, Dr. W. B. Jones, Pennsylvania.
Cliaplain-in-Cliief, Eev. Jos. F. Lovering. (Fourth term.)
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
California, C. Mason Kinue ; Connecticut, John McCarthy ;
Illinois, E. W. Chamberlain ; Iowa, W. F. Conrad ; Maine, C. A.
Boutelle ; Maryland, Thos. L. Matthews ; Massachusetts, Geo. S.
Evans ; Michigan, A. T. McEeynolds ; Nebraska, G. H. Bush ;
New Hampshire, Jno. C. Linehan ; New Jersey, S. F. Hamilton ;
New York, Geo. B. Squires ; Ohio, Thos. C. Boone ; Pennsyl-
vania, Norman M. Smith ; Potomac, S. E. Thomasen ; Rhode
Island, C. Henry Barney ; Vermont, Geo. H. Bigelow ; Virginia,
W. N. Eaton.
HOSPITALITIES EXTENDED.
A grand banquet was tendered the Grand Army of the Repub-
lic and the Society of the Army of the Potomac in the Martin
Opera House, on the evening of June 17.
Captain John Palmer, Chairman Committee on Arrangements,
welcomed the visitors in a brief address, and introduced General
Fred. Townseud, of Lew. Benedict Post No. 5, Albany, as toast-
master.
After dinner, responses were made to the sentiments " Our
Country," by Governor Van Zandt, Rhode Island ; " The Presi-
dent of the United States," Attorney-General Chas. Devens, Jr. ;
" The Army and Navy," General Daniel E. Sickles ; " Our Volun-
teer Soldiers," General Judson Kilpatrick ; " The West," Com-
rade Paul Van Dervoort, Nebraska ; " The Cavalry," Generals A.
T. Torbert and Jno. B. Mcintosh ; " The Grand Army of the Re-
public," General J. C. Robinson; "The State of New York,"
Senator H. E. Turner ; " Soldiers' Homes," Corporal James
Tanner; " The National Guard," General Jas. AY. Husted. Gen-
eral Henry M. Hoyt, and Governor Hartranft, of Pennsylvania,
also made addresses.
General Husted, in his address, paid a glowing tribute to the
National Guard :
204 (tkand Army of the Eepublic,
From her ranks were officered, by huudnds, tlie compauies, the regiments, the
brigades, divisions of the armies of the Union. Singly and by platoons her files
■went forth to do battle for the riglit, and " so long as memory holds her place in this
distractt d globe," so long will be held ever green the memories of Vosburgh, Corcoran
and of Pratt. Thousands more there were, who, with them, are seated around the
Great "White Throne ; thousands more there are, who are of us and with us on earth
— of equal honor and equal fame. Such was the record of the National Guard dur
ing the trying days. Where stands she now ? At this moment, with rare exceptions,
her officers are they who won their spurs side by side with you. The file, too, as
well as the rank, numbers a large percentage of the veterans of the war. They are
members of your great organization. They are with you and of you here to-night.
"What can I say more than to add— they are yourselves.
CHAPTER XVIII.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF WILLIAM EARNSHAW
— FOURTEENTH ANNUAL SESSION, DAYTON, OHIO, JUNE 8,
1880.
Commandee-in-Chief Earnshaw established Headquarters at
the National Military Home, Ohio, and appointed the following
staff:
Adjutant-General, Isaac B. Stevens, Ohio.
Quartermaster-General, William Ward, re-appointed.
Judge-Advocate-General, William H. Baldwin, Ohio.
Inspector-General, Charles ^Y. Raphun, Maryland.
Commander-in-Chief William Earnshaw, was born at Chester,
Pennsylvania, May 12, 1828.
On April 16, 1861, he enlisted as a Private, and was subse-
quently mustered-in as Chaplain, 49th Pennsylvania Infantry, re-
signing that office October 12, 1862, by reason of the consolida-
tion of his Regiment. He was appointed Hospital Chaplain, U.
S. Volunteers, April 22, 1863, and was honorably mustered-out,
August 27, 1867.
He was engaged in superintending the construction of two Na-
tional Cemeteries, one at Murfreesboro', the other at Nashville,
Tennessee, in which work he displayed great energy, zeal and
ability, being highly commended by Major-General George H.
Thomas, and other well-known commanders.
He was elected Chaplain of the Central Branch, National Mil-
itary Home, Dayton, Ohio, September 5, 1867, and continued in
the faithful discharge of that duty up to the date of his last sick-
ness. He died there July 17, 1885.
Devotion to the interests of his comrades, and singleness of
purpose in the discharge of duty, were his distinguishing charac-
teristics.
He was a sincere, earnest christian, devoted to his calling and
profession — loved the army — loved the soldier. By the faithful
discharge of his duties, the urbanity of his manners, and his un-
[205]
206 Grand Army of the riEruBLic.
compromisiug loyalty, he gained the confidence and esteem of all
who knew him.
Comrade Earnshaw served as Commander of the Department
of Ohio in 1876 ; Chaplain-in-Chief, 1871-1872 ; and Junior Yice-
Commander-in-Chief, 1877.
Captain John Palmer, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, en-
listed, September 10, 1871, as a Private in Company B, 91st N. Y.
Vols., and was successively promoted to be Corporal, Sergeant,
Sergeant-Major, Second Lieutenant, First Lieutenant and Cap-
tain, participating in every battle in which his Kegiment was en-
gaged. At the engagement at Five Forks, Virginia, he received
an injury to his spine which left him in impaired health, and has
since been the cause of intense physical suffering.
He was a charter member of Lew Benedict Post No. 5, Albany ;
served three terms as Post-Commander, one term as Senior Vice-
Department-Commander, and two terms as Department-Com-
mander. He took a leading part in establishing the Soldiers
Home for the State, and personally secured large subscriptions for
that purpose.
He is engaged in business, in Albany, as a master painter.
Harrison Dingman, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, served
as a Private in Company K, 14th N. Y. Vols., from April 30, 1861,
until May 25, 1863. Entered the Grand Army of the Republic
September 28, 1868, in Kit Carson Post No. 2, Washington, D. C,
and has been active in Grand Army work since that time. Served
as Post- Commander in 1876; Senior Vice-Department-Commander
in 1878, and Department-Commander in 1879.
Dr. W. B. Jones, Surgeon-General, was Assistant Surgeon 1st
Pennsylvania Rifles (13th Pennsylvania Reserves). Assistant Sur-
geon in Camp Letterman, at Gettysburg, July to October, 1863.
Joined Post No. 5, Philadelphia, March 4, 1873, and was for
several years Post-Surgeon, and as such Avas very active in the
charitable wf)rk of the Post. Is now (1888) Commander of Post
No. 19, Philadclpliia.
Isaac B. Stevens, Adjutant-General, was at the time of his ap-
pointment in the National Home at Dayton, and a member of Vet-
eran Post No. T),
Administration of William Earnshaw. 207
Charles W. Raphun, Inspector-General, was born in Philadel-
phia, June 29, 18J:2, and was educated at Girard College. Enlisted
in May, 1861, in Baker's First California Regiment (71st Pennsyl-
vania Volunteers), and was mustered-out on July 2, 1864. Joined
Post No. 4, in Baltimore, in 1866, and on the re-organization of
the Order, joined Wilson Post No. 1, and has since been trans-
ferred to Custer Post No. 4.
Has been active in the National Guard of Maryland. Served
as Acting Assistant Adjutant-General of the First Division, with
the rank of Colonel.
General William H. Baldwin, Judge-Advocate-General, was
mustered into the United States Service, July 16, 1862, as Lieu-
tenant-Colonel 83d Ohio Volunteers. Joined General Grant's
army at Memphis, and thence went to Vicksburg under Sherman.
He commanded the Regiment in the assault at Fort Hindmau.
Was in the siege of Vicksburg, and in the expedition under Sher-
man, in pursuit of Johnson's army.
Was assigned, in February, 1864, to command the 1st Brigade,
3d Division, 13th Army Corps, and afterwards, of 2d Brigade, 4th
Division. Was specially mentioned by General Ransom, for brav-
ery and soldierly bearing when in command of his Regiment in the
battle of Mansfield.
He served for a time as President of a Board to examine offi-
cers for colored troops. Brevetted Colonel, March 26, 1865, " for
faithful and meritorious services during the campaign against the
city of Mobile and its defenses ; " brevetted Brigadier-General,
"for gallant services in the charge on Fort Blakely, Alabama,
April 9, 1865," having been specially recommended by General C.
C. Andrews ; mustered-ovit, August, 1865.
General Baldwin is a lawyer by profession and resides in Cin-
cinnati. Is a member of George H. Thomas Post No. 13, Cincin-
nati.
FOURTEENTH ANNUAL SESSION.
The National Encampment met at the National Soldiers Home,
Dayton, Ohio, June 8, 1880. On arrival at the Home, General
William H. Gibson, Adjutant-General of Ohio, made an eloquent
address of welcome, which was responded to by Colonel Chill W.
Hazzard of Pennsylvania. Addresses were made by Colonel E. F.
208 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
Brown, Governor of the Home, Major Geo. 8. Merrill, Massachu-
setts, and General Thos. J. Wood, the former Commander of the
•ith Army Corps.
The National Encampment was called to order by Commander-
in-Chief Earnshaw.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief "William Earnshaw.
Senior A"ice-Commander-in-Chief John Palmer.
Chaplain-in-Chief Joseph F. Lovering.
Adjutant-General Isaac B. Stevens.
Quartermaster-General William Ward.
Judge- Advocate-General William H. Baldwin.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
California, C. Mason Kinne ; Connecticut, Jno. W. McCarthy ;
Illinois, E. W. Chamberlain ; Iowa, P. V. Carey ; Maryland, J. H.
Suter ; Massachusetts, Geo. S. Evans ; Michigan, A. T. McRey-
nolds ; New Hampshire, J. C. Linehan ; New Jersey, S. F. Hamil-
ton ; New York, Geo. B. Squires ; Pennsylvania, N. M. Smith ;
Potomac, Fred. Thomasen ; Rhode Island, W. H. Turner ; Ver-
mont, Geo. A. Bigelow.
COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS.
Louis Wagner, Pennsylvania ; Geo. W. Gile, New Jersey; C.
C. Gray, Rhode Island.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
California, 1 ; Connecticut, 5 ; Illinois, 4 ; Indiana, 4 ; Iowa,
1 ; Kansas, 1 ; Maine, 2; Maryland, 5 ; Massachusetts, 13 ; Mich-
igan, 1; Nebraska, 5; New Hampshire, 5; New Jersey, 7; New
York, 8; Ohio, 5; Potomac, 5; Pennsylvania, 17; Rhode Island,
4 ; Wisconsin, 1. 19 Departments, 94 Department Officers and
Representatives ; total members, 114.
Commander-in-Chief Earnshaw, in his address, said :
Comrades. —The place at wliicli you meet is in many ways a strong reminder of
ibe days when you were loyal soldiers of the Republic Here are the tents and the
camiiing ground. Here are tlie cannon, shot and shell. Here are the stacked arms
and accoutrementfS. Above all this, you s( e about you over four thousand disabled
Group of National Officers, 1879.
Administkation of William Earnshaw. 209
heroes, who stood shoulder to shoulder with you in the days of glory; and be assured,
comrades, that from them you are receiving a most hearty greeting. Some of them
may not have a hand left to grasp yours as in other days, or legs to come to you, but
their hearts are still the same; and they join you in singing, " We drank from the
same canteen." Your presence here will be long remembered by many who are
weary and worn, but they are now resting from the fight.
The three great principles of our Order— Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty — are
fast drawing our comrades of the war into an indissoluble bond of union. The suc-
cess that is daily attending our efforts, shows clearly that by wise legislation, and
careful watching in the past, I am left almost entirely without a suggestion for im-
provement in our future action. I venture the assertion, that no organization is more
etficient, in all its departments, than ours. I will speak of one or two matters, how-
ever, that may possibly call for action. The first is the manifest confusion that occurs
in the several departments when Memorial Day falls on Sunday. In our large busi-
ness centers, comrades who labor, are paid on Saturday, and absence on that day is a
cause of embarrassment to them and their families, and many of them are thereby
prevented from taking part in these ceremonies. When Monday, in accordance with
a law making it a holiday in several of the States, is selected, complaints are made
that all preparations must be made on Sunday.
And second, I call attention to a question usually referred to on these occasions,
viz. : The perpetuation of the Grand Army of the Republic. So long as a consider-
able number of the veterans of the war survived, there was no necessity to go beyond
them for recruits; but a time will come when the last man shall have answered the
roll call of the Great Commander. The question then comes, are we fully meeting
the demands of our undertaking, in thus permitting an organization to end that may
be recruited from the sons of the men whose principles have exerted such a healthful
influence in war and in peace. We should at least look with kindly consideration
upon our sons, who have been, ever since the war, and are to day, inspired with the
principles for which we fought and for which so many died. They have a zeal, com-
rades, very like to that which marked the doings of the men of 1861. My attention
has been called during the year to an organization called the " Sons of Veterans."
I have felt it my duty to express my approbation of this undertaking, seeing that they,
the sons of Union .soldiers, are perfectly in accord with us.
I succeeded in getting a bill introduced in Congress, to appropriate six captured
cannon from which to make badges. Said bill was referred to the Military Committee,
but as yet has not been reported upon. The necessity of the case was such that we
were forced to proceed in some other way, and I am pleased to say that, by the gen-
erosity of the President, a cannon was secured, from which has been made over
twelve thousand badges, and they are now worn by comrades of the order in all parts
of the land.
General Orders No. 5, announced the death of Comrade An-
drew Taylor, Commander of the Provisional Department of the
Mountain, " a gallant soldier and faithful comrade of the Grand
Army of the Republic," who died November 1, 1879. This De-
partment was announced, on April 23, 1880, as organized with a
Permanent Department ; J. W. Donnellan. Commander.
14
210 Grand Army of the llEruBLic.
MEMORIAL DAY.
In General Orders No, 8, the Commander-in-Chief recom-
mended Posts to invite clergymen to deliver appropriate dis-
courses on the Sabhath preceding Memorial Day. " Many a weary
and sad heart may he cheered by this pious reference to the noble
deeds of those avIio went down in the storm of battle, or died after
days of long and painful suffering in the army hospitah"
REPORTS OF OFFICERS.
Isaac B. Stevens, Adjutant-General, stated that the reports of
the several Departments shoAved an increase in membership of
13,387. Three new Departments had been formed during the
year ; Indiana was organized as a Permanent Department, Octo-
ber 3, 1879, at Terre Haute, J. B. Hager, Commander ; the Moun-
tain Department was organized December 11, 1879, at Laramie
City, "Wyoming, Comrade J. W. Donnellan, Commander ; Kansas
was organized March 16, 1880, Comrade J. C. Walkinshaw, Depart-
ment-Commander.
Provisional Departments had been organized in Delaware,
March 16, 1880, and Florida on the same date.
Pennsylvania has had the largest increase, being over 5,000.
New York has increased about 2,000. Maryland has more than
doubled its membership. Massachusetts and all the eastern De-
partments, except one, have increased largely. New Jersey is one-
third larger in membership than when reported in 1878. The
western Departments have been doing Avonderful work. Illinois
has doubled its membership. Nebraska has increased more, in
proportion, than any other Department.
The Service Book, arranged and furnished by the Chaplain-in-
Chief, Comrade Jos. F. Lovering, as authorized by the National
Encampment, contains all the services of the Grand Army hereto-
fore in use, with the addition of a beautiful Service for Memorial
Day.
(Quartermaster-General "William "Ward reported cash, last re-
port, .^1,707.52 ; received from all sources, !i>6,897.62 ; disbursed,
^6,049.87 ; cash on hand, $2,615.27 ; book accounts and supplies,
$5,059.94 ; total as^iets, $7,669.21.
Inspector-General Chas. "W. Rapliun presented, in print, his
re])ort concerning tlie Inspection of the Dejjartments.
Administration of William Earnshaw. 211
Jmlge-Advocate-General W. H. Baldwin presented, in print,
the opinions given in tliirty-six cases referred to him during the
term.
Surgeon-General W. B. Jones, in his report, stated that owing
to the failure, after some years of effort, to obtain thoroughly re-
liable medical reports, he recommended their discontinuance.
Chaplain-in-Chief Jos. F. Lovering reported :
1 have performed the duty assigned me at the last National Encampment, by the
completion of the Memorial Day and Dedicatory Services, which have been published
with the old Burial and Inspection Services. I have written and dedicated to the
Grand Army of the Republic, a Memorial Day Hymn which received the official sanc-
tion of the Commander-in-Chief, and was issued to the several Departments in April.
woman's relief corps.
In certain departments, organizations have been formed of loyal and patriotic
women for the help of deserving and necessitous soldiers and soldiers families, and
for the furtherance of other objects in which the Grand Army of the Republic is in-
terested. Such organizations have received, in several instances, more or less sanction
from the Departments in whose jurisdiction they have been established, or by individ-
ual Posts in connection with which such societies have been formed. Such organiza-
tion is an emphatic expression of central principle of an institution which we call
charity. In order that the whole matter may come before us, and, if deemed advis-
able, receive the endorsement of this Encampment, I would invite action upon the
general resolve, viz.: that the National Encampment, recognizing the invaluable
assistance of the loyal and patriotic women in the war of the rebellion, and the impor-
tant aid they can still render to the Grand Army of the Republic, authorize the com-
pletion of an organization to be known as the Women's National Relief Corps. G. A.
R. , and that the Council of Administration be ordered to draft such charter or charters,
and issue such general instructions with reference to it, as may accord with the spirit
of our Order and the independency of the organization contemplated." * *
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On Address of the Commander-in-Chief : — E. W. Chamberlain,
Illinois ; T. F. Lang, Maryland ; G. W. Williams, Ohio.
On Report of the Adjutant-General : — G. B. Squires, New
York ; P. V. Carey, Iowa ; A. T. McReynolds, Michigan.
On Report of the Quartermaster-General : — J. F. Lovering,
Massachusetts ; John Palmer, New York ; J. C. Linehan, New
Hampshire.
On Report of the Judge-Advocate-General : — J, M. Yanderslice,
Pennsylvania ; J. A. Halves, Massachusetts ; G. S. Evans, Massa-
chusetts.
212 Grand Army of the Republic.
On Report of the Surgeou-Geueral : — J. L. Watson, New York ;
J. K. Powers, Iowa ; L. Coe Yonng, New York.
On Report of tlie Chaplain-in-Chief : — I, S. Bangs, Maine ;
Geo. Bowers, New Hampshire ; C. A. Stott, Massachusetts.
On Rnles, Regulations, and Ritual ; — R. B. Beath, Pennsyl-
vania ; A. T. McReynolds, Michigan ; Geo. S. Evans, Massaclni-
setts ; T. F. Lang, Maryland ; I. S. Bangs, Maine.
On Sons of Veterans : — L. Coe Young, New Y^'ork ; C. Mason
Kinne, California ; Jno. M. Y^anderslice, Pennsylvania.
Comrade Jesse Bowman Y'oung, Pennsylvania, was appointed
Assistant Adjutant-General for the session.
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES.
The Committee on Address of Commander-in-Chief A\'illiam
Earnshaw reported :
It is with pleasure that your committee indorse the most excellent address of the
Commander-in-Chief. It sets forth the inspiring information of the unprecedented
growth of our Order during the year. It calls our attention to the subject of an or-
ganization known as the " Sons of the Veterans," which we earnestly recommend to
the consideration of this Encampment, and finally calls attention to the subject of
securing material for badges of the Order.
On Report of Adjutant-General :
We find that the work of the office has been excessive for the past year, and that
the Adjutant-General is deserving of credit for the manner in which the duties have
been performed. The committee finds that more or less confusion is occasioned by
the manner in which the accounts are kept between the Adjutant-General and Quar-
termaster-General. We recommend that hereafter all moneys be paid direct to the
Quartermaster-General, and that all bills be paid by him, except the incidental ex-
penses of Headquarters, which .should be paid each month by the Adjutant-General,
and a draft made on the Quartermaster- General for the amount, after approval by the
Commander-in-Chief.
We also recommend some system of hook-keeping which shall show both receipts
and expenses, with proper checks and safeguards; this, not on account of, but to pre-
vent any trouble in tiiis direction. The Quartermaster-General, Ixing the financial
oflicer of this Encampment, should certainly handle all its funds and make all dis-
bursements.
We commend the economy di.splayed in the Adjutant General's office, and offer it
as an example to future incumbents of said office.
The Committee on the Report of the Quartermaster-General,
reported that they had comj^ared the books and vouchers, and
found them correct.
Administration of William Earnshaw. 213
On Eeport of Surgeon- General :
The Surgeon-General complains of a lack of interest, and of neglect, on the part
of Post Surgeons and Medical Directors, in the duties devolving upon them, and re-
commends that in future these reports be discontinued. We, recognizing these reports
on Forms F and G as both valuable as statistics and interesting in their details, can
not agree with the recommendation of the Surgeon-General, but believe that the re-
quired reports should be continued, and that the regulation relative to them be rig-
idly enforced.
On Report of Chaplain-in-Cliief :
The committee to whom was referred the Report of the Chaplain in-Chief have
carefully examined the same, and find that the same spirit which has pervaded his
previous reports abounds in this — " loyalty and fraternity " — and we congratulate the
National Encampment upon the official and valuable service rendered by him during
the past year. We recommend that so much of his report as refers to the " Women's
Relief Corps" be referred to a special committee, to report at this session of the Na-
tional Encampment.
The report was adopted and Comrades J. F. Lovering, Jno. C.
Linehan, New Hampshire, and C. H. Barney, Rhode Island, were
appointed the Committee on "Women's Relief Corps."
RULES, REGULATIONS, AND RITUAL.
The Committee reported on the different propositions submit-
ted, involving no material changes in the Rules and Regulations.
Comrades R. B. Beath, Pennsylvania, George B. Squires, New
York, and T. F. Lang, Maryland, were appointed a Committee on
Manual, to report at the next Encampment.
Committee on the " Sons of Veterans " reported that while they
were in sympathy with the object of that Order, they were not
sufficiently acquainted with its scope and character to indorse it.
They recommended the reference of the subject to a special com-
mittee to be investigated during the year.
RESOLUTIONS.
The following were adopted :
It is the opinion of this Encampment that, in compliance with the " usages of
the service," the Commander-in Chief may revise, remit or reduce the sentences of
courts-martial, in meritorious ca?es, at any time, on application, approved by interme-
diate authorities.
That the bill introduced into the present Congress, by Hon. J. Warren Keifer,
placing upon the pension rolls of the United States all Union soldiers and sailors who
214 Grand Army of the Republic.
were confined for a lonser period than three months in any of the so-called " Confed-
erate prisons,' during the late rebellion, is just and right, and should be enacted into
a law ; and that the Commander-in-Chief is hereby instructed to communicate the
sense of this Encampment, upon this subject, to the Speaker of the House of Repre-
sentatives and President of the Senate.
That the thanks of this Encampment are due, and are hereby tendered to Senior
Vice-Commauder-in-Chief John Palmer, for the courteous and superior manner in
which he has presided at, and intelligently directed the business of, this convention.
That this Encampment urgently request Congress to take up and pass the bill
appropriating cannon to mark the location of batteries upon the battlefield of Gettys-
burg, and making an appropriation to mark the position of the different regiments
engaged in the battle. That the Adjutant-General forAvard a copy of this resolution
to each member of the Military Committee of Congress.
That the National Encampment, in view of the courtesy extended by the officers
and members of the National Soldiers' Home, tender to Colonel E. F. Brown, and
the officers and men under his command, and to the Veteran Post No. 5, its sincere
thanks; and that a copy of this resolution be sent to Colonel Brown, and to the Com-
mander of the Post.
The following was unanimously adopted by a rising vote :
Whereas, Comrade WrLLiAM Earnshaw, by his past record in the war of the
rebellion, and by his eminently valuable services to the soldiers of the Union and to
the Grand Army of the Republic, has earned the wann love and devotion of his com-
rades; therefore,
Resolved, That a committee of three be selected to procure and present to Comrade
Earnshaw, a testimonial of our appreciation of him in his official capacity as Com-
mander-in-Chief, and of our affectionate regard for him as a comrade of the Grand
Army of the Republic.
Committee : — Comrades R. B. Beatli, Pennsylvania ; T. F. Lang,
Maryland ; W. H. Baldwin, Ohio.
The following committee was appointed to prepare and have
engrossed, resolutions of thanks to Past Commander-in-Chief
J. C. Robinson : — Comrades George B. Squires and L. Coe
Young, New York ; G. S. Merrill, Massachusetts.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The following were elected :
Commander-in-Chief, Louis Wagner, Pennsylvania.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Edgar D. Swain, Illinois.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Geo. Bowers, New Hamp-
shire.
Surgeon-General, Dr. A. C. Hamlin, Maine.
Chaplain-in-Chief, Rev. Jos. F. Lovering. (Fifth term.)
Administration of William Earnshaw. 215
COUNCIL OF administration.
California, J. C. Sargent ; Connecticut, AVilliam Berry ; Illi-
nois, E. W. Chamberlain ; Iowa, Peter Y. Carey ; Indiana, Thomas
Hanna ; Kansas, Jno. C. Carpenter ; Maine, W. G. Haskell ; Mary-
land, John H. Suter ; Massachusetts, J. Frank Dalton ; Michigan,
A. T. McReynolds ; Nebraska, H, T. Townsend ; New Hampshire,
John C. Linehan; New Jersey, A. M. Way; New York, T. C. Rowe;
Ohio, Clias. L. Young ; Pennsylvania, Norman M. Smith ; Poto-
mac, Frederick Thompson; Rhode Island, C. Henry Barney; Utah,
M. M. Bane; Vermont, George A. Bigelow; Virginia, J. Davidson;
Wisconsin, Edwin A. Kendall.
CLOSING services.
In the evening the members of the Encampment, together
with a very large number of the veterans of the Home, and of cit-
izens from Dayton, assembled in the pavilion, to listen to a lecture
by Comrade Jesse Bowman Young, of Pennsylvania, called
" Echoes from Round Top ; the Story of a Great Battle." The
lecture was a vivid description of the battle of Gettysburg.
After the lecture a delightful " camp-fire " was held in the
Dining Hall, where speeches were made by Colonel E. F. Brown,
General Robinson, Comrades Squires, Tanner, Wagner, Merrill
and others. Songs, recitations and remarks, along with music by
the band, filled up the hours with the keenest pleasure.
CHAPTER XIX.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF LOUIS WAGNER-
FIFTEENTH ANNUAL SESSION, INDIANAPOLIS, JUNE 15, 1881.
Headqu.\rters were established in Pliiladelphia, with the fol-
lowing stall" :
Adjutant-General, Robert B. Beath, Pennsylvania.
Quartermaster-General, William Ward, New Jersey, re-ap-
pointed.
Inspector-General, James R. Carnahan, Indiana.
Judge-Advocate-General, George B. Squires, NewYork.
General Louis Wagner, Commander-in-Chief, was born in
Giessen, Germany, August 4, 1838. His parents settled in Phila-
delphia in 1849. In July, 1861, he commenced to recruit a Com-
pany for the three years service, and was commissioned First
Lieutenant, Company D, 88th Pennsylvania Volunteers, serving
under Pope in Virginia, and later, with the Army of the Potomac.
Was promoted Captain, and at the second battle of Bull Run, was
badly wounded and left on the field, being paroled some days later
and sent into our lines on account of his disabled condition. He
afterward returned to the Regiment as Lieutenant-Colonel, and
commanded it on the famous " Mud March," and at Chancellors-
ville. He was too badly disabled, however, for field service, and
Vv-as assigned to command Camp Wm. Penn, Philadelphia, for the
organization of colored troops, where he did most effective service
in training and forwarding some thirteen thousand colored sol-
diers. Mustered-out as Colonel 88th Pa. Vols., July 8, 1865.
Brevetted Brigadier-General, to date March, 1865.
After the war ho became identified with the " Boys in Blue,"
in the city of Philadelphia, took an active interest in public affairs,
and served as President in Common Councils from October, 1869,
until January, 1871, and again in 1872. AVliile in Councils he led
in the reform movements which ])liiced the affairs of the city on
a proper business footing.
He was elected Recorder of Deeds in 1878, for three years, and
Administkation of Louis Wagner. 217
is now (1888) serving in the important position of Director of Public
Works. He has also been actively engaged in Sunday-school and
temperance work. He became a charter member of Post 2, Phil-
adelphia, October 29, 1866 ; charter member and commander of
Ellis Post No. 6, at Germantown, November 13, 1866 ; Provisional
Commander Department of Pennsylvania, and first Department
Commander, in 1867 ; Junior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, 1870, and
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, 1871-1872.
Colonel Edgar D. Swain, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief,
was commissioned Captain, Company I, 42d Illinois Volunteers,
July 22d, 1861; promoted Lieutenant-Colonel, October 13, 1863 ;
Colonel, April 13, 1864, and served mainly with the 4th Army
Corps. Brevetted Colonel, U. S. Vols., March 13, 1865, for gallant
and meritorious conduct during the war. Mustered-out of ser-
vice, January 1866. Joined the Grand Army of the Eepublic in
1866, and on the re-organization, was mustered into Geo. H.
Thomas Post No. 5, Chicago, February 14, 1876. Served three
years as its Commander and was Department Commander in 1879
and 1880.
Colonel George Bowers, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief,
was born in Dunstable, now Nashua, New Hampshire, April 22,
1817.
He served with conspicuous gallantry in the principal engage-
ments in the war with Mexico, and was brevetted Captain by Gen-
eral Scott. At the storming of Chapultepec he was particularly
noted for coolness and bravery, for which he was again honorably
mentioned in orders, and assigned a prominent position in the
ceremony of raising the U. S. flag over the palace of the Monte-
zumas. He was honorably discharged with his Regiment, with
the rank of Captain.
He was appointed Postmaster of Nashua in 1853, by his former
commander and warm friend, President Pierce, and so served until
March, 1861, when he was elected Mayor. He earnestly encour-
aged enlistments, during his term as Mayor, and, in 1862, ac-
cepted a commission as Lieutenant-Colonel, 13th New Hampshire
Volunteers, which served first with Whipple's Division, 3d Army
Corps, and afterwards in Getty's Division, 9th Corps.
His health broke down through exposure in North Carolina,
and he was transferred to the lOtli Regiment, Veteran Reserve
218 Grand Army of the Republic.
Corps, and was stationed in New York city in the troublesome
period following the Draft Riots, and subsequently at Baltimore
and "Washington. He was mustered-out November, 1865. In
1868 he was again elected Mayor of Nashua, and served one
year.
He was a charter member of Post 7, Nashua, and first Com-
mander, serving as such two years, and Department Commander,
1879 and 1880.
Colonel Bowers was a man of fine personal presence. His
genial manners, great kindness of heart, added to a splendid record
in two wars, made him one of the most popular men in the State.
He died February 14, 1884.
Dr. A. C. Hamlin, Surgeon-General, enlisted a Company in the
2d Maine Volunteer Infantry, at his own expense, and became
Assistant Surgeon of the Regiment, May 2, 1861; Brigade Surgeon,
February 4, 1862 ; Lieutenant-Colonel and Medical Inspector, U.
S. A., February 4, 1863 ; mustered-out December, 1865.
He served Avitli the Armies of Virginia and the Potomac, and
went into the fight at Blackburn's Ford as a volunteer, with the
1st Massachusetts. Also served in the South and South-west.
He joined Post 12, Bangor, at its organization, 1867, and served
four terms as its Commander. Was Department-Commander
in 1878.
General James R. Carnahan, Inspector-General, was born in
Dayton, Indiana, November 18, 1841. He enlisted as a Private in
the 11th Indiana (Wallace's Zouaves), in April, 1861, and after-
wards served in the 86th Indiana Volunteers, until the close of the
war, taking part in all the l)attles in which his Regiment was en-
gaged. He filled various positions, commanding his Company and
Regiment, and, during the last year of the war, was on duty in
responsible staff i)ositious.
After the war he graduated from Wabash College, and studied
law, being admitted to practice in 1867.
He served three terms as Prosecuting Attorney for Tippecanoe
county, and, in 1874, Avas elected Judge of the Criminal Circuit
CV)urt.
In 1881 he was appointed Adjutant-General of Indiana, and
served the State with distinguished credit.
He was one of the first to join the Grand Army of the Repub-
Administration of Louis Wagner. 219
lie in Indiana, and was a member of the Indianapolis Encamp-
ment, November, 1866.
When the Order was again established in that State, he took
an active part and was made Senior Vice-Department-Commander,
and, in 1882, Department-Commander, increasing the membership
from 2,050 to over 8,000. Was re-elected Department-Commander
by a unanimous vote and closed the second term with a member-
ship of over 16,000.
He was largely instrumental in securing the appropriation of
$200,000 to build the Indiana Soldiers and Sailors Monument.
In 1882 he was appointed Judge-Advocate-General, and com-
piled a complete Digest of Decisions and Opinions.
George B. Squires, Judge-Advocate-General, was born in Pitts-
field, Massachusetts, September 25, 1844.
He enlisted, July 22, 1861, in Company I, 5th Connecticut
Volunteers ; served with his Kegiment in Banks Second Corps,
Army of Virginia, and was severely wounded at Cedar Mountain,
August 9, 1862. Upon recovery he rejoined his command, and
particijDated in the battles of Chancellorsville and Gettysburg.
Was taken prisoner, July 21, 1862, at Snickers Gap, Virginia, and
confined at Belle Isle until paroled in October. He rejoined his
Regiment, which was assigned to the 20th Army Corps, and took
part in the Atlanta Campaign. Mustered-out as CorjDoral, July
22, 1864. After the war he became interested in National Guard
matters, and was for five years Captain in the 13th Eegiment,
National Guard, of Brooklyn.
Joined Rankin Post No. 10, Brooklyn, October, 1873, and
served three terms as its Commander. Served three terms as As-
sistant Adjutant-General, Department of New York.
In January, 1883, assisted in organizing U. S. Grant Post No.
327, and was its first Commander. Was re-elected, in 1884, but re-
signed to serve as Assistant Adjutant-General of the Department,
under Commander I. M. Hedges.
In General Orders No. 7, dated September 6, 1880, Commander-
in-Chief Wagner called attention to cuts of the membership badge,
as follows :
Great confusion having arisen in the manufacture of our badge, and still more
in the use in the several Departments and Posts of the numerous wood-cuts, electro-
tyjjes, and engravings, no two of which were alike, the within cut, marked No. 1,
220 Grand Army of the Republic.
has been prepared from the records of the National Encampment, as the correct rep-
resentation of tlie Grand Army of the Republic Badge, and all engravings hereafter
made must be exact copies thereof.
It is expected that the many caricatures of our badge, which now disfigure so
many letter-heads and envelopes, with eight or ten stars, flags with the Union down,
eagles falsely posed, and incorrect lettering on the lace of the badge proper, will be
at once destroyed, and that the official badge, as herein promulgated, will take their
place. (See chapter on Badges.)
FIFTEENTH ANNUAL SESSION.
The Nation^,! Encampment assembled in Indianapolis, Indiana,
June 15, 1881; Commander-in-Chief Louis Wagner presiding.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief Louis Wagner.
Senior Yice-Commander-in-Chief Edgar D. Swain.
Junior Yice-Commander-in-Chief George Bowers.
ChajDlain-in-Chief Jos. F. Lovering.
Adjutant-General Robert B. Beath.
Quartermaster-General William AVard.
Inspector-General James R. Carnahau.
Judge-Advocate-General George B. Squires.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
T. C. Rowe, New York ; A. M. Way, New Jersey ; W. H. Wiegel,
Maryland ; Chas. L. Young, Ohio ; F. Thomasen, Potomac ;
Thomas Hanna, Indiana ; H. G. Townsend, Nebraska ; H. C. Town-
send, Iowa.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
California,!; Connecticut, 5 ; Delaware, 3 ; Illinois, 7; Indi-
ana, 8 ; Iowa, C^ ; Kansas, 1; Maine, 1 ; Massachusetts, 15 ; Mary-
land, 8 ; Michigan, 3 ; Mountain, 3 ; Nebraska, 8 ; New Hamp-
shire, 4; New Jersey, 7 ; New Y''ork, 7 ; Ohio, 8 ; Pennsylvania, 23 ;
Potomac, 5 ; Yirginia, 2 ; Wisconsin, 1. Total, Departments, 21 ;
Department Officers and Representatives, 126.
Commander-in-Chief Louis AYagner, in his address, said :
Called to command by your unanimous vote at the Fourteenth Annual Session,
I immediately assembled the Council of Administration, and by their aid and that of
my Stair Oflicers, devised plans to continue the good work of the organization of
new I'osis and Departments which has marked the preceding year.
I aitpointed a large number of aids-de-caiup witli instructions to visit, officially, as
I
Group of National Officers, 1880.
Administeation of Louis Wagner. 221
many Posts as possible, and endeavored to impress upon all the officers, that a " yellow
ribbon " meant not only national honor, but also national work and responsibilities.
I'ersonally, I have been able to visit the Grand Army in 19 Departments, requiring
over 14,800 miles of travel.
These visits enabled me to attend the meetings of twenty Posts, ten Department
Encampments, five Reunions, two Encampments under cinvas, two Hall Dedica-
tions, one unveiling of a Monument, four Memorial services, fourteen Camp-fires and
thirty other gatherings of soldiers.
I found it impossible to gratify my desire to visit all the Departments, but I be-
lieve that all east of the mountains, with perhaps a single exception, were visited by
one or more of your officers
Large gains in membership and influence have always followed intelligent, sys-
tematic work. The gains for the year are 240 Posts and over 15,000 members.
The balance of cash on hand shows that our income has been largely in excess of
our expenses, notwithstanding the fact that the latter were greater than the aver-
age of previous years, because of the large amount of new printing required. Under
these circumstances, and because of the increase of membership to be anticipated dur-
ing the coming year, assuring us of still greater sources of revenue, would it not be
well to reduce the per capita tax; or, perhaps, in view of the certain time when our
numbers must decrease, still better, establish a permanent, interest-bearing fund, by
the investment of a certain portion of our present income?
In connection with our linances, it would be well for you to consider the annu-
ally increasing balances due by certain Departments for supplies. We are compelled
to pay cash for our purchases, and then wc give credit to an extent actually trouble-
some of payment to the Departments, and pro.spectively .so to the finances of the
National Encampment — a resolution directing the Adjutant General to fill no reoui-
sitions unless accompanied b}" the money may save us some embarrassments in the
future.
Numerous questions of appeal or for decisions were received; most of them were
governed by decisions heretofore made, and were settled by reference to such de-
cisions; the others, with a single exception, were of so plain a character that I
was able to pass upon them without troubling the Judge-Advocate-General for his
views upon the questions at issue.
Thirteen decisions have been made.
Permit me to ask your careful consideration of the proposition to make all the
olficers of the Grand Army of the Republic elective, thus returning to the early
practice of choosing officers. I feel sure that its adoption would be of great advan-
tage to oar Older.
I recommend: — 1st. That the per capita tax be fixed at four cents, or else that it
remain at six cents, but that one-half of one cent per quarter, for each and every
member, be invested, by three trustees to be elected by this Encampment, as a per-
manent fund, the interest upon which shall be re-invested annually for ten years, and
after that time be devoted to the current expenses of the National Encampment.
2d. That no requisitions for supplies shall be filled by the Adjutant-General
unle.ss they are accompanied by the money to pay for the same.
3d. That the general orders and circulars issued shall be printed annually with
the Journal of Proceedings.
When, in pursuance to general orders, issued by Comrade B. F. Stephenson, of
Illinois, the founder and then acting Commander in-Chief of the Grand Army of the
Republic, representatives from eleven different States met in this city on November
20th, 1866, in first annual session, they, as " the representatives of the soldiers and
222 Grand Army of the Republic.
sjiilors of the military and naval services of the United States during the late war
against traitors," re-atlirmed " their devotion to these States, the Constitution and the
laws of our countr}-, and their abhorrence of treason and ojipression," and in a series
of six resolutions laid down a platform of principles broad enough and strong enough
for all the defenders of the Union to stand upon.
Fifteen years after, we to day, the representatives from thirty-out States and Ter-
ritories, meet in this same city to renew our vows of fealty to our Order, of loyalty
to our country, and to gather renewed inspiration for the cause in which we are en-
listed.
Our predecessors laid foundations deep and broad, and we have continued to
build uj)on them a structure of grand proportions — a temple to freedom, in which we
have raised our altar and otTered up our devotions to the God who preserved us and
the Nation. We have grown and prospered, increasing in numbers as well as in
good works and words, and that which was but a little thing fifteen years ago, is to-
day strong and powerful. May we be equal to the time and the occasion, using our
power, not for personal gain or glory, but for the benefit and advantage of the whole
Nation, and from the East, the West, the North and even the South will come bene
dictions and blessings upon the men whose hearts conceived and perpetuated so glor-
ious an organization.
In conclusion, Comrades. I thank you most earnestly for the fraternal feelings
which prompted you so many times to call me to official positions in this National
Encampment. You have honored me above my deserts, and as I return into your
hands the authority with which you vested me one year since, and resume my place
in the ranks, I pledge myself to continued work in the interests of our Order, and
may God, who in His infinite love and mercy brought us safely through the fiery seas
of battle, protect us in our marches and fightings in this life, and guide us, one and
all by paths of peace into His own Kingdom, to join our comrades who have gone
before.
REPORTS OF OFFICERS.
Adjutaut-General E. B. Beatli presented the follo^viug:
Number in good standing, December 31, 1879, 44,803
Gains durincj year:
By muster-in, ...... 21,B70
By transfer, ...... 677
By reinstatement, ...... 4,569
By errors in reports, ..... 243
Total gain 26,859
Aggregate, ....... 71,661
Losses duriwj year:
By death, 596
By honorable discharge, .... 336
liy transfer, ....... 892
Suspended, ...... 8,972
Dishonorably discharged, ..... 89
Dropped. ...... 98
Total loss 10,983
Number remaining in good .standing, December 31, 1880, . 60.678
Number remaining .suspended this date, .... 4,274
" Dropped" during the year, having been previously "suspended," 1,809
Net gain o^n-^^'^o
Expended for relief during year. ..... 163,597.38
Administration of Louis Wagnee. 223
Quartermaster-General "William Ward reported cash receipts
and previous balance, $24,054.62 ; disbursements, $16,988.88 ;
cash, $7,065.74 ; total assets, $9,182.18.
Inspector-General James R. Carnahan presented, in detail, the
condition of each Department.
Judge-Advocate-General George B. Squires submitted opinions
in cases referred to him by the Commander-in-Chief.
Chaplain-in-Chief J. F. Lovering, in his report, said :
The Uuiou soldier stands for American manhood ; a manhood strong in physical
courage; a manhood sturdy in its devotion to the right— cautious, perhaps, but reso-
lute. It does not easily take offense, but having done so, wishes for no compromise,
and will give none till the right be vindicated. It will not expose itself unnecessarily,
but being once aroused has the spirit of that order given by General Dix: If any
man dare insult the American flag, shoot him on the spot.
The war of the rebellion showed unmistakably the fibre of heroism running
throughout the American people — a heroism by no means restricted to any one
section.
The war confinns our faith in that law of liberty which respects the manhood in
every man, despite all differences of race or color, and in that honest dealing which
upholds human righls even at the sacrifice of blood. It should set a red seal to our
conviction that principle is always better than policy; that, aside from every other
consideration, the muscular force of virtue in political enterprise and national life is
superior to the gymnastic agility of vice. A virtue, stalwart, persistent and heroic,
will never hesitate at any sacrifice to perform any duty, however desperate, but in the
spirit of that illustrious captain who conquered the rebellion, will fight it out though
it take all summer— and winter, too. If I might be allowed a Avord of exhortation to
those who compose our organization, I would add :
Comrades, you are the living history of an immortal past. In your hearts pulses
the life that once rallied with unconquerable enthusiasm, turned defeat into victory,
and shouted, " Sheridan is coming," In your hearts is the music that still echoes the
bugle-call of Sherman, which gave the key-note to that chorus which yov sang
"From Atlanta to the sea.
As you went marching through Georgia."
In your hearts glows a soldierly love for him who stands before the world an un-
matched hero, a stalwart patriot, an incorruptible American citizen — Ulysses S. Grant.
You are the custodians of sacred memories. Ah , those memories are fast multiplying.
Our conflict with time is more fatal, though it may be more bloodless than that in war.
Within the last year 596 members of the Grand Army of the Republic have fallen in
death. Thank God, in our faithful memory they belong to us still. "Our dead" are
ours by a sacred right of possession. No mountain cliff is more enduring than that
" rock of Chickamauga," George H. Thomas; and still above the smoke of the battle
of Mobile we can see, as in life, the gallant form of brave old Farragut, while every
grave of the humblest soldier or sailor, is made honorable by the thought that he gave
himself for the country so dear to us all. Let us cherish their memories as a treasure
beyond price.
You are the trustees of that living power of patriotism which looks to a great future
for our great Nation. In your hands to day history, memory, hope— the past, the pre-
224 Grand Army of the Republic.
sent and the future uuitc iu all that is associated with, in all that enters into the actual
life, iu all that determines the prospects of the Grand Army of the Republic. Let us
be true to it here and everywhere, till there shall be, indeed, throughout this land of
liberty, one country and one tiag.
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On Address of the Comniander-in-Cbief : — E. W. Chamberlain,
Illinois ; W. F. Conrad, Iowa ; J. N. Patterson, New Hampshire ;
W. B. Jones, Pennsylvania ; John Palmer, New York.
On Report of the Adjutant-General : — R. L. Roberts, New Jer-
sey ; G. W. Keeler, Connecticut ; C. V. R. Pond, Michigan ; S. J.
Alexander, Nebraska ; Ben. D. House, Indiana.
On Report of the Quartermaster-General : — "Wm. Gibson, Poto-
mac ; Jno. McCarthy, Connecticut ; S. W. Lane, Maine ; J. J. Fitz-
gerrell, Mountain ; Samuel Harper, Pennsylvania.
On Report of the Inspector-General: — C. H, Houghton, New
Jersey ; J. W. Burst, Illinois ; W. H. Bright, New York ; S. L.
Fuller, Iowa ; S. S. Burdett, Potomac.
On Report of the Chaplain-in-Chief : — H. M. Durfey, Connec-
ticut ; J. N. Richardson, Maryland ; A. C. Monroe, Massachusetts ;
J. D. McClure, Illinois ; G. West, Mountain,
On Report of the Surgeon-General : — W, W. Brown, Pennsyl-
vania ; ^y. Q. Huggins, New York ; J. G. B. Adams, Massachu-
setts ; B. R. Pierce, Michigan ; G. S. Canfield, Ohio.
On Report of the Judge-Advocate-General : — W. H. Baldwin,
Ohio ; W. D. McCullough, Indiana ; J. H. Suter, Maryland ; J. C.
Walkinshaw, Kansas ; O, B, Warren, New Hampshire.
On Rules, Regulations, and Ritual : — H. B. Peirce, Massachu-
setts ; J. M. Vanderslice, Pennsylvania ; J. S. Kountz, Ohio ; G.
Dukehart, Maryland ; A. W. Collins, California.
On Woman's Relief Corps : — Chaplain-in-Chief Lovering ;
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Bowers ; B. Crabb, New Hamp-
shire.
PENSIONS.
Comrade Paul Brodie, Potomac, presented a Preamble and
Resolution calling attention to the great delay in settlement of
pension claims, and providing for a committee of thirteen to in-
quire into the subject and report their recommendations to the
Commander-in-Chief.
Administkation of Louis Wagner. 225
Committee : — Paul Broclie, Potomac ; E. D, Swain, Illinois ;
Chas. L. Young, Ohio ; Jas. Tanner, New York ; A. B. Beers,
Connecticut ; A. Ames, Jr., Massackusetts ; J. AY. Babbitt, New
Hampshire ; Paul Yan Dervoort, Nebraska ; W. E. W. Koss,
Maryland ; B. D. House, Indiana ; Chas. Burrows, New Jersey; J.
M. Yanderslice, Pennsylvania ; P. Y. Carey, loAva.
Commander-in-Chief Wagner and Commander-in-Chief elect
Geo. S. Merrill, were added to this committee.
HISTORY AND PUBLICATION.
Senior Yice-Commander-in-Chief Swain presented resolutions
from Geo. H. Thomas Post, of Chicago, relative to History and
Publication, which were referred to a special committee consisting
of E. D. Swain, Illinois ; J. F. Loveriug, Massachusetts ; GriflP. J.
Thomas, AYisconsin ; A. M. K. Storrie, Pennsylvania ; G. Y. Mas-
sey, Delasvare.
They afterwards reported as follows :
The subject is one of far more than ordinary importance in its bearing upon the
records of the dead and living, and we deem it eminently proper that it should be
dealt with in a manner becoming its magnitude, and to that end your committee re-
port the following resolutions:
Resolved, That a standing committee of seven (of which the Commander-in-Chief
and the Adjutant-General shall be ex-officio members) be appointed by the Commander-
in-Chief, to confer with the Secretary of "War and others having charge of the publica-
tion of the ]VIilitary History of the Rebellion, in order thai patent errors in military
reports may be corrected, and impaitial justice may be done to the memory of the
dead and the living.
Resolved. That an auxiliary committee of one from each Department be appointed
by the Commander-in-Chief, on the recommendation of the several Department Com-
manders, whose duty shall be to collect matters relative to the military history of the
troops of the several Departments, and forward the same to the chairman of the
standing committee.
Resohed, That the headquarters of the committee shall be established at Grand
Ai-my Headquarters, and all correspondence shall be there addressed to the chairman.
REPORTS FROM COMMITTEES.
The Committee on Address of the Commander-in-Chief con-
curred in the recommendation for the election of the Quartermas-
ter-General by the Encampment, and that trustees be elected to in-
vest the funds of the National Encampment in interest-bearing
securities.
15
226 Grand Army of the Republic.
The recoinmeii(lations were not, however, concurred in by the
Encampment.
The committee continued ;
The committee cannot too highly commend to the National Encampment the valu-
able services rendered, at his own cost and expense, by Commander-in Chief Louis
Wagner during the past year. His able report is conclusive evidence of his earnest
"vvork and devotion to the interests of our Order, and we can only hope that the same
success that has attended his efforts may attend those of his successor. The committee,
therefore, recommend that a committee of five be appointed to prepare a suitable tes-
timonial to the retiring Commander-in-Chief.
This resolution was adopted by a rising and unanimous vote.
The following were afterwards appointed the committee provided
for in the resolution : — E. W. Chamberlain, Illinois ; J. G. B.
Adams, Massachusetts ; George B. Squires, New York ; Geo. V.
Massej, Delaware ; A. M. Way, New Jersey, who had a valuable
gold badge made and presented to Comrade Wagner.
The Committee on Report of Adjutant-General E. B. Beath
concurred in his recommendations for the closer study of the
Manual ; that Posts delinquent for returns for over twenty days
should be so published in General Orders.
The report bears evidence of careful and painstaking labor, that its tabular state-
ments are not only invaluable to the Order in general, but are exhaustive and complete
in ever>' sense, and, in view of these facts, your committee beg leave to report the fol-
lowing resolution:
Reaolrc'd, That the thanks of the National Encampment are due and are hereby ten-
dered to Comrade Robert B. Beath, for the very valuable and interesting report of
the result of his labors as Adjutant-General of the Grand Army of the Republic for
the year ending June 16th, 1881. •
Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions, suitably engrossed, be presented to
Adjutant-General Beatli, as a testimonial of the high appreciation in which the
National Encampment holds his services.
The Committee on Report of Chaplain-in-Chief Loveriug re-
ported the following :
Whereas, The Chaplain-in-Chief has shown by the report of his work during the
past year, a j)raiseworthy zeal in the performance of his duties, therefore,
liemlml. That the thanks of the National Encamjnnent be tendered to Comrade
Jos. F. LovEui.N(i, for (he faithful and zealous discharge of his duties as Chaplain-iu-
Chitff of the Grand Army of the Republic.
The report was adojited and the resolutions were afterwards
neatly engrossed, framed and presented to Chaplain-in-Chief Lov-
eriug.
Administration of Louis Wagner. 227
The Committee on Report of Surgeon-General A. C. Hamlin
agreed on the recommendation for discontinuing medical reports
on Form F, and to substitute a report showing the money value
of the professional services of Post Surgeons, and a report of
comrades wounded in the service.
The Committee on Report of Quartermaster-General Wm.
Ward recommended that thereafter all financial tables should be
included only in the Quartermaster-General's report.
The Committee on Report of Inspector-General J. R. Carna-
han agreed in his recommendations for more systematic inspec-
tions, and that reports should show the result by proper marking
of the grades, excellent, good, fair. Relative to uniforms they re-
ported :
Departments which have adopted a uniform are not only the largest in numerical
strength, but take a deeper interest in the Order. It has been a great incentive to
those Departments. We believe its adoption by others will prove its incalculable
worth.
We approve the recommendations of the Inspector-General, that in Departments
where it has not already been done, the comrades urge upon the legislatures of their
respective States the enactment of a law declaring the thirtieth day of May — "Me-
morial Day "—a legal holiday.
In regard to the recommendation that this National Encampment should pass some
rule whereby auditing committees should be required to make more thorough and
careful examination of accounts of officers than is found in many Departments,
we are of the opinion that the Rules and Regulations invests the Department Council
of Administration with authority sufficient to compel a proper examination of such
accounts, and would therefore recommend that no action be taken.
In conclusion, we would suggest the importance of Posts providing themselves
■with copies of the new Manual, and a sufficient number of Rules and Regulations to
supply every comrade with a copy, so that it may be thoroughly examined, to the end
that they may fully understand the general workings of the Order.
The recommendations contained in the resolutions adopted by Stephenson Post
No. 30, Department of Illinois, are concurred hx, when amended so as to read "and
alhnv any honorably discharged Union soldier over sixty years of age the privilege of
entering the National Homes."
woman's relief corps.
The committee reported :
Whereas, In several Departments of the Grand Army of the Republic legal or-
ganizations of women have been formed for the furtherance of charitable and other
work, under the auspices of separate Posts; and
Whereas, In one instance, a State organization, called the Woman's State Relief
Corps, has been formed, having in its jurisdiction sixteen subordinate corps, with a
membership of between eight and nine hundred; and
228 Grand Army of the Republic.
Whereas, The President of that State organization, writing to your committee,
says: " We earnestly hope the National Encampment may in its wisdom decide to au-
thorize the formation of a Woman's National Relief Corps "; and
Whekeas, This authorization siguities only a public recognition of their valuable
and self-imposed service, without any responsibility or direction as to their works or
methods; and
WuEREAS, We believe it to be our honorable privilege to recognize the magnificent
loyalty displayed by the patriotic women of the North during the war of the rebellion,
bj' their loving prayers in our homes, by their contributions to the Christian and San-
itary Commissions, and by their womanly fidelity and devotion on the battle-field and
in the hospital ; therefore
Resolved, That we cordially approve of the work which has already been done by
the Woman's Relief Corps, and every other organization of loyal women, for the
furtherance of the principles of the Grand Army of the Republic.
Resolved, That we approve of the project entertained of organizing a Woman's
National Relief Corps.
Resolved, That such Woman's National Relief Corps may use under such title the
words "Auxiliary to the Grand Army of the Republic by special endorsement of the
National Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic, June 15, 1881."
Resolved, That should there be any necessity of any official communication between
the Headquarters of the National Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic
and the Woman's National Relief Corps, it shall be through the office of the Chaplain-
in-Chief, who shall be charged with the duty of making known this action at any
convention called for the purpose of perfecting the organization proposed, viz., the
Woman's National Relief Corps.
RULES, REGULATIONS, AND RITUAL.
The committee had uo important changes to recommend in the
Rules or Ritual.
The proposition submitted by Comrade G. B. Squires, New
York, for a distinctive badge for comrades who had served in the
Kavy, was referred to a committee consisting of Fred. Lutz, Penn-
sylvania ; J. F. Meech, Massachusetts ; John McCarthy, Connec-
ticut, who reported as appropriate, "A plain metal anchor, in
bronze or gold, shank one inch in length, witli chain coiled around
the stock and shank, to be worn in the center of the top of the
cap."
SONS OP VETERANS.
Tlic Committee on the Sons of Veterans ro])orted :
That ti»ey liave carefully considered the matter of an official recognition of this
organization, and, while believing that an organization of this kind, based solely upon
Administeation of Louis AYagnek. 229
its loyalty to our flag and country, is entitled to the respect and encouragement of our
Order, we have not sufficient data, upon which to base a recommenflation for their full
recognition.
They would recommend that in all Departments the Posts be instructed that, sub-
ject to the approval of the Department Commander, they are at perfect liberty to or-
ganize bodies of the Sons of Veterans, taking the necessary precautions to guard
against any encroachments upon our Order.
The Sons of Veterans are all that their name implies; they are of the best blood
of the land, and as such should be encouraged in following the footsteps of their il-
lustrious predecesso'S.
We would recommend that a special committee be appointed to communicate with
that organization, and obtain the necessary information in regard to its objects and
aims, to enable the committee to report intelligently at the next National Encamp-
ment.
We also recommend to the Sons of Veterans a uniformity of name and organiza-
tion, in which they shall not use the official titles of the Grand Army, and that they
shall wear some prominent mark or badge or uniform to distinguish them from the
Grand Army of the Republic.
TESTIMONIALS.
Comrade Squires from the committee to prepare for Past Com-
mander-in-Chief Eobinson a series of resolutions, ordered by the
National Encampment of 1879, on the retirement of Comrade
Eobinson after two years of service, reported that the resolutions,
handsomely engrossed and framed, would be presented to Comrade
Robinson in the evening.
•Comrade Beath, from the committee appointed at the last En-
campment to prepare a testimonial to Past Commander-in-Chief
Earnshaw, reported that the committee had selected a handsome
gold badge, which would be presented to Comrade Earnshaw at
this session.
EESOLUTIONS.
The Adjutant-General was directed to enter on the records
a proper minute of the appreciation of the Encampment for the
many courtesies and kindnesses extended by the Meridian Club,
the Posts and the Department of Indiana, the press and citizens
generally, as follows :
The National Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic, before closing its
fifteenth annual session, desires to put upon record its earnest thanks for the cordial
reception extended by the constituted authorities of the State of Indiana, the city of
230 Grand Army of the Republic.
Indianapolis, the Department Encampment and the citizens of Indianapolis gener-
ally.
The members of the National Encampment expected to receive a fraternal wel-
come at the hands of their comrades of Geo. II. Thomas Post No. 17, and the De-
partment of Indiana at large, but the magnificent manner iu which they were re-
ceived by His Excellency, Governor Porter, and His Honor, Mayor Grubbs, upon
whose invitation the citizens of Indianapolis assembled in such large numbers at the
reception tendered us last evening, and the welcome extended to us by the Meridian
Club, Senator Harrison and other residents of the city, exceed anything we had a
right to expect. Therefore
Resolved, That the Adjutant-General be and is hereby directed officially to
acknowledge the various courtesies tendered to us, and to express the hope that the
ranks of the Grand Army in Indianapolis and in Indiana, may be strengthened by the
accession of many of our late comrades in arms.
SOCIETY OF THE RED CROSS.
Comrade S. S. Burdett, Potomac, presented the following,
which was unanimously adopted :
Wherkas, The articles of the convention for the amelioration of the condition of
the wounded in armies in the field, signed at Geneva on the 22d of August, 1864, are
intended to make universal the law of kindness and brotherhood in times of war, and
so to palliate its horrors among the sick and fallen; and
Whereas, The principles formulated by the Geneva convention have been adopted
by treaty by nearly all of the civilized nations of the earth, and are now presented for
the sanction and adoption of the government of the United States by Miss Clara Bar-
ton, the delegate of the central commission having the matter in charge; and
Whereas, The beneficent purposes of the convention commend themselves with
peculiar force to the remnants of the Grand Army of the Republic who remember the
battle-fields and hospitals where their comrades fell and suffered; therefore,
Resolted, By the Grand Army of the Republic in National Encampment assem-
bled, that the purposes of the Geneva convention meet our hearty approval, and its
work is commended to the earnest attention of the treaty-making power, to the end
that our own country, saved by the Grand Army, may be placed in the column of na-
tions who recognize that tlie love of mercy may survive and conquer the evil passions
engendered by war.
Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be sent to Miss Clara Barton, and that a
copy be forwarded to the Secretary of State at Washington.
Section 1754, Revised Statutes.
The following was adopted :
Resolved, As the sense of this Encampment, that tlie President of the United States
be respectfully requested to see that the provisions of Section 1754 of the Revised
Statutes, which provides for the appointment and promotion of honorably discharged
disabled soldiers and sailors in the civil service, be strictly enforced.
Administration of Louis Wagner. 231
election of officers.
The following were elected :
Commander-in-Chief, Geo. S. Merrill, Massachusetts.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Charles L. Young, Ohio.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, C. V. R. Pond, Michigan.
Surgeon-General, Dr. Charles Styer, Pennsylvania.
Chaplain-in-Chief, Rev. Jos. F. Lovering. (Sixth term.)
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
California, Ira Moore ; Connecticut, Henry M. Durfey ; Dela-
ware, W. Y. Swigget ; Illinois, John Stephens ; Indiana, W. H.
Armstrong ; Iowa, A. N. Guthrie ; Kansas, J. C. Carpenter ; Maine,
H. F. Blanchard ; Maryland, C. H. Richardson ; Massachusetts,
Silas A. Barton ; Michigan, O. A. Janes ; Mountain, Jno. A. Coul-
ter ; Nebraska, F. E. Brown ; New Hampshire, J. N. Patterson ;
New Jersey, D. A. Peloubet ; New York, W. H. Bright ; Ohio, W.
H. Baldwin ; Pennsylvania, Robert F. Potter ; Potomac, S. S.
Burdett ; Rhode Island, R. H. I. Goddard ; Vermont, E. J. Ormsby ;
Virginia, H. B. Nicholls ; AVisconsin, H. B. Harshaw.
CAMP-FIRE AND RECEPTIONS.
On the evening of June 15th the Park Theatre was filled by an
enthusiastic audience. Colonel W. W. Dudley presided.
Governor Porter, of Indiana, made an eloquent address in ex-
tending the welcome of the citizens of Indiana to the members of
the Grand Army. He was followed by his Honor, Mayor Grubbs,
of Indianapolis. Commander-in-Chief Wagner returned the
thanks of the Encampment to the representatives of the State and
city, and the ladies and gentlemen present, for the hospitality
extended the visiting comrades.
The engrossed resolutions for Past Commander-in-Chief John
C. Robinson, presented by order of the Encampment, were re-
ceived for him, in his absence, by Comrade James Tanner, New
York.
On behalf of the Encampment, Comrade Chill W. Hazzard,
Pennsylvania, presented to Past Commander-in-Chief Earnshaw,
a beautiful gold badge, a combination of the badges of the Armies
232 (iRAND Army of the IIepublic.
of the Potomac and the Cumberland and the Grand Army of the
Eepiiblic, Avith a cross studded with diamonds under the rank
badge of a Commander-in-Chief. On the back was inscribed :
" Comrade William Earnshaw, for valued services as Commander-
in-Chief, 1879-1880, Grand Army of the Kepublic."
THE CAMP-FIRE.
The public exercises closed on Thursday afternoon by a camp-
lire in the Park Theatre.
Addresses were made by Commander-in-Chief Merrill, Com-
rades Tanner, J. G. B. Adams and Chaplain Earnshaw.
Recitations were given by Comrades George B. Squires, New-
York, and A. M. K. Storrie, Pennsylvania.
^lt^C^:<c^
CHAPTER XX.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF GEO. S. MERRILL-
SIXTEENTH ANNUAL SESSION, BALTIMORE, JUNE 21, 1882.
Commander-in-Chief Merrill established Headquarters in
Boston, with the following staff:
Adjutant-General, AVm, M. Olin, Massachusetts.
Quartermaster-General, Wm. Ward, re-appointed.
Inspector-General, Jas. R. Carnahan, re-appointed.
Judge-Advocate-General, Geo. B. Squires, re-appointed.
Major Geo. 8. Merrill, Commander-in-Chief, was born in
Methuen, Massachusetts, in 1839. He served an apprenticeship
in the composing-room of the Lawrence Courier, and in his twen-
tieth year purchased an interest in the Lawrence American, of
Avhich paper he became sole prej^rietor in 1860. He was a mem-
ber of the Common Council of Lawrence in 1839-1861, and again
after the war, in 1865-66, being President of that body during the
latter years. In 1861 he was appointed Postmaster at Lawrence
by President Lincoln. In August, 1862, when the call was made
for nine mouths men, he assisted in raising Company B, 4th Mas-
sachusetts Volunteers, of which he Avas commissioned as First
Lieutenant, and was promoted Captain, December, 1862. His Reg-
iment went with General Banks' expedition to Louisiana, where
it participated in the siege of Port Hudson, and in other opera-
tions in the Department of the Gulf. He was re-appointed Post-
master after the war, and discharged the duties of the office until
a recent date, when he retired on the appointment of a successor
by President Cleveland. Major Merrill is at present Commander
of the 1st Battalion of Light Artillery of the Massachusetts Mili-
tia. In 1883 he was Commander of the Ancient and Honorable
Artillery Company, of Boston.
He is at j^resent ,(1888) Insurance Commissioner of Massachu-
setts.
Comrade Merrill was a charter member of Needham Post No.
39, Lawrence, and its first Commander ; was Department-Com-
[233J
2;U (IkANI) AkMV of IIIK IlKlMJlilJC.
ni;iii(lor, 1H75, Ho Iuih iniHmul uttendjince in l)ut two soKsions of
tlio Natioujil Encanipinont. Ih noted aw a Hkillful pariianicntariau
and Htroug debater. He has been chairman of the National Com-
niitteo on PenwionH since retiring as Commander-in-Chief.
(lejieijil ('has. L. V'onng, Senior Yice-Comraander-in-Chief,
was l)orn in All)any, New York, November 2Ii, 18:{H.
lie enlisted in May, 18(11, in tlie 1st Ilcgiiiuuit, Excelsior Brig-
ade, of New York ; proniot(;d First Lieutenant, June 13, 18(51 ;
Captain, May 6, 1802, and recommended on the field by General N.
Taylor and (leneral Hooker, for proinotioii as Major ; brevotted
Lieutenant-Colonel for gallant and meritorious services during
the rebellion. AVas wounded at Chancellorsville, aad again in the
AVilderuess, but not disabled for duty, and participated in all the
battles in which his command was engaged. He is an active mem-
ber of Forsyth Post, Toledo, Ohio,
Comrade Young was appointed Quartermaster-General, with
rank of ]5rigadier-General, by the (Jovernor of Ohio, in 1878.
Major (!orn(dius V. R. Pond, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief,
served as llegimontal Quartermaster, 12th Connecticut Volunteers,
November 1st, 18(11, until C(mip(dled to resign by continued ill-
health, March 1, 18()3. He joined C. O. Loomis Post No. 2,
Quincy, Michigan, January, 1878, and, in April, was appointed
Commander of the Provisional Department, and, on the formation
of the Pcirmanent Department, was elected ])epartment-Com-
iii;iii(l(r. lie served two terms as Commander of his Post, and
was noted, in all these positions, for his zealous efforts on behalf
of the Order. He has taken an activ(j intc^rest in public aflairs,
and s(!rv<'d a numlx'r of years as Postmaster.
Dr. ('h;is. Stycu', Surg(!oii-(ien(iral, servcnl in the three months
service as a Private. Apjjointed Assistant Surgeon, 45th Pennsyl-
vania Volunteers, June; 31, 1802 ; promoted Surgeon, 90th Pennsyl-
vania Volunte(!rs, January IM, 1803 ; resigiuid in IMay, 1803, and af-
terwards serv(Hl in the Pliiladelphia Hospitals. Appointed Assist-
aiil Surgeon, U. S. A., October 9, 180)7. Kesigned June 30, 1878,
Hiid returned to Pliiludel])hia to <Mit(M- into practice. Joined E.
I ). r.;iker Post No. 8, Philadelphia, August 8, 1878. Post Surgeon
Administration of George S. Merrill. 285
for two years ; Post Commander in 1881; Medical Director, De-
partment of Pennsylvania, 1880.
Colonel William M. Olin, Adjutant-General, served as a Private
in the 36th Massachusetts Volunteers, from August 14, 1862, until
mustered-out, June 8, 1865.
He was mustered in Post 11, G. A. R., Charlestown, in 1872 ;
afterwards transferred to Post 26, Roxbury, now his home.
Served as Adjutant in 1880, Senior Vice-Commander, 1881, and
Post Commander, 1882-1883.
The other members of the executive staff were re-appointed :
Quartermaster-General Wm. Ward, Insj^ector-General J, R. Car-
nahan and Judge-Advocate-General Geo. B. Squires.
General Orders No. 10, dated September 20, 1881, announced
the death of President Garfield.
Our old companion in arms, the pure patriot, brave wairior, wise statesman, noble
ruler, Christian hero, has been mustered-out of the living army to join the ranks of
the invisible hosts above. To-day, in every home in our broad land, there is one dead.
But there is no death to him who.se life has 1)een brave, and generous, and true;
though the sleeping form may molder into dust, his memory lives in immortal j'outh;
and in this hour of universal gloom, we temper our sorrow and dry our tears in the
sunshine of his great worth and bright example.
Spared from the peril of hotly contested fields. General Gaupield has fallen by
the assassin's bullet, but not till he had given to the Republic, in (he fullness of a well-
rounded manhood, a life of purity, sweetness and nobility which will stand as an ex-
ample to youth, through unnumbered years to come.
Reference to the deaths of Past Commanders-in-Chief Hurlbut
and Burnside, will be found in the address of Commander-in-Chief
Merrill, following.
In the Memorial DAi: Order, dated April 20, 1882, referring to
" the ever-lengthening roll of those passed from our ranks to join
the invisible hosts beyond," he said :
Upon the bud and blossom, leaf and laurel we one j^ear ago laid upon the grass-
grown mounds, has fallen the heat of summer and the snow of winter, and their beauty
and perfume are gone forever; but as we join in the.se sadly sweet ceremonies, the
story of valor and patriotism we will keep as fresh in our memories and as fragrant in
our hearts, as when for the first time we came to bedeck these shrines with the early
offerings of an opening spring.
To country, these fallen comrades offered the service and sacrifice of their lives;
let us reverently give one day in loyal devotion to their memories ; search out every
286 Grand Army of thp: IIupublic.
one of tRcir known rcstinej places, so that in all our broad land, wherever exists a Post
of the Grand Army, not a single grave of a union soldier or sailor shall be unvisited —
not one which willing lingers and grateful hearts do not unite to cover with myrtle
and evergreen, entwined with bright blossoms upon which the glad sunlight has
painted something of eternal beauty, tokens of life's frailty, emblems of valor's im-
mortality.
SIXTEENTH ANNUAL SESSION.
The National Eucainpmeut met in Baltimore, June 21, 1882 ;
Commander-in-Cliief Geo. S. Merrill presiding.
COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS.
Adjutant-General W. M. Olin; Chill "W. Hazzard, Pennsylvania;
M. J. Fitzgerald, Mountain ; W. H. H. Flick, West Virginia ; AVal-
ter H. Holmes, California.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief Geo. 8. Merrill.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Charles L. Young.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief C. V. R. Pond.
Surgeon-General Chas. Styer, M. D.
Chaplain-in-Chief Rev. Jos. F. Lovering.
Adjutant-General William M. Olin.
Quartermaster-General William Ward.
Inspector-General Jas. R. Carnahan.
Judge-Advocate-General George B. Squires.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
Connecticut, H. M. Durfey ; Delaware, W. Y. Swigget ; Illinois,
John Stephens ; Indiana, AV. H. Armstrong ; Iowa, A. W. Guthrie ;
Massachusetts, Silas A. Barton ; Maryland, Chas. H. Richardson ;
Michigan, O. A. Janes ; Nebraska, F. E. Brown ; New Hampshire,
J. N. Patterson ; New Jersey, Chas. P. Brown ; Ohio, W. H. Bald-
win ; Pennsylvania, Robert F. Potter ; Potomac, Paul Brodie ;
Vermont, E. J. Ormsby ; Virginia, Geo. B. Carse ; Wisconsin, H.
B. Harshaw.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
California, 3; Connecticut, 11; Delaware, 6; Illinois, 10; In-
diana, 5; Iowa, 4; Kansas, 8 ; Maine, 10 ; Maryland, 11; Massa-
chu.^etts, in ; Michigan, 4 ; Minnesota, 2 ; Missouri 4 ; Mountain,
Group of National Officers, 1881.
Administration of George S. Merrill. 237
2 ; Nebraska, 7 ; New Hampshire, 6 ; New Jersey, 15 ; New York,
25 ; Ohio, 16 ; Pennsylvania, 29 ; Potomac, 13 ; Rhode Island, 7 ;
Vermont, 3 ; Virginia, 10 ; Wisconsin, 3 ; Provisional Department
West Virginia, 2. Departments, 26 ; Department Officers and
Representatives, 227.
address of commander-in-chief GEO. S. MERRILL.
When, by your suffrages, chosen to this position a twelvemonth ago, I found the
ploughing and seeding had been so well done by my predecessors that the field was al-
ready white to the harvest, and the company of willing reapers so numerous and well or-
ganized that the year has proven of exceptional, I may say of phenomenal ingatheiing,
the gain in membership, from April to April, having been above 33.000, double that
of any one of the previous ten years, and, with the large number of new Posts organ-
ized since, and the natural growth of the second quarter, giving us, without doubt,
to-day, a membership of fully 100,000 upon the rolls of the Grand Army of the Re-
public.
And this great growth has equalled in character its extent ; many of the very best
among the veterans, who joined our organization in its early days, soon to drop out of the
ranks, and others who from various reasons of prejudice or indifference stood aloof
from the first, have learned to respect the principles and admire the work of the
Grand Army, and have now cordially come in, and best of all, they have come to
stay.
At the beginning of the year, following the excellent plan of my predecessor, in
official visitations, which had proved productive of admirable results, and with the cor
dial commendation of the Council of Administration, I arranged for visits to as many
sections as possible, and have thus been able to personally meet comrades in 23 De-
partments, traveling over 23,700 miles.
The committee appointed at the last session, to consider the question of pensions,
and to whom all resolutions on that subject were referred, designated a sub-committee
of five. Past Commander-in-Chief Wagner, Comrades Brodie, Tanner, Ames, and the
Commander in-Chief , who spent some days in Washington, in consultation with the
Commissioner of Pensions and the committees of the two houses of Congress, with
most satisfactory results.
A committee of five was also appointed, consisting of Past Commander-in-Chief
Robinson, Comrades Tanner, Ames, Brodie, and the Commander-in-Chief, who waited
upon the President of the United States, to present the view^s of this Encampment in
relation to giving the preference in positions in the governmental service, to veteran
soldiers and sailors of the Union. The President kindly made for us a special appo.'nt-
ment, and expressed himself heartily in favor of the principle presented, with the as-
surance that his influence would be cordially in the direction of the most liberal inter-
pretation of the provisions of the statutes declaring that in appointments the prefer-
ence be given to the defenders of the Republic.
The organization of Ladies Relief Corps and of Sons of Veterans, have made consid-
erable progress in several Departments, and generally met with encouragement from
our comrades ; while I believe we should keep our own organization entirely distinct
from direct alliance with any other, we cannot afford biit to welcome every association
which promises to aid in our great work, especially wiien composed of the wives, sis-
ters and sons of veterans. I am, however, opposed, now or hereafter, to opening the
238 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
doors of the Graml Army of the Republic, to :iuy person whatever, who was not
himself among the defenders of the Union against rebellion. No one, not even our
sons, can appreciate the memories of camp and march, of bivouac and battle, as those
who were participants therein; the scenes of the great struggle can never be to them
what they are to us, and while we encourage and welcome the organization of our sons
in a society whose purposes are akin to ours, let our own recruiting ranks be only
those closed forever with the end of the war, and when the last veteran shall receive
his final discharge from life's arm}^ let there close with him, except in its glorious
record and bright memory, the last scene in the life of the Grand Army of the Re-
public.
The year now closing, while full of gladsome growth, has been sorrowfully event-
f vd, and Memorial Day brought to oiu" hearts and memories, commingling with the
tears of personal sorrow, grief for the loss of illustrious leaders.
The list of our Past Commanders-in-Chief has been broken for the first time since
the organization of the Grand Army of the Republic, and two honored names trans
ferred from the army of the living to the rolls of the rapidly increasing hosts beyond.
Comrade Stephen A. HuRLBrx, who first held this office under our permanent or-
ganization, died on foreign shores, while in the civil service of the country whose in-
tegrity he loyally defended amid the strife of arms; a brave soldier, his early service
for the Grand Army was of that earnest, enthusiastic character, in those days of " small
things," which entitles him to our grateful and lasting remembrance.
iVnd yet another,— Comrade Ambrose E. Buknside, third Commander-in-Chief,
and the earliest whose name still remained upon our list of membership, answers no
more to the roll call in our annual encampments. Burnside ! The loving and loved;
modest as brave; Avith tlie unaffected simplicity of childhood, the tenderness of wo-
man, the devotion of a lover; great-hearted, white-souled chieftain, — we weave our
choicest chapleis to encircle the name written in golden letters upon the everlasting
tablets of our hearts.
And in all our laud, through the weeks of weary watching, no hearts more rever-
ently bowed at the bedside of the stricken soldier President, than of his old comrades
in arms. And when the end came, the veterans of the Republic felt that they right-
fully .stood within the sorrowing circle of relationship, bound by the comradeship
born of battle, and cemented in a conflict for the highest weal of man. Patriot,
scholar, soldier, statesman ; the glory of Garfield's life, the sweetness of his memory,
is a part of the inheritance of every soldier of the Union.
**********
The Grand Army is to-day the representative organization of the soldiera and sailors
of America; the one great a.ssociation Avhich includes the veterans of every army, and
all ranks; the men who followed the flag upon the land and who fought beneath its
folds upon the sea; men of every nationality, color and creed ; the officer who wore
the well won stars of a general, and the private Avhose only badge of distinction Avas
in patriotic and faithful service in the ranks, — all upon the common level of comrades
of the flag.
.Seventeen years have successively come and gone since the ranks from Avhich the
Grand Army can be recruited Avere closed forever ; as an organization, Ave have nearly
reached tlie summit of our life, and shall soon be marching, Avilh ceaseless tnuup, but
ever le.s.seniiig tread, adowu the slope, toward the land beyond, Avhere the waves of
eternity's ocean are ever beating upon the sjiiid and shingle of the shore. Let us strive
to so fulfil our duty to ourselves, our country and oiu- God, that Avhen our last battle
has been fought, our last march ended, Ave may join the Grand Army of Peace in their
.shining tents upon the eternal campinj
ADMINISTRATION OF GeORGE S. MeRRILL. 239
On motiou of Comrade James McQuade, NeAv York, the
Commander-in-Cliief was requested " to furnish a copy of his ad-
mirable address to the Press for publication, in order that its
noble sentiments, embodying such a perfect presentation of the
objects and principles of the Grand Army of the Republic, may
be generally disseminated among the veteran soldiers and sailors
of the Union."
REPORTS OF STAFF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General William M, Olin reported :
Members in good standing December 31, 1880, . . 60,678
December 31, 1881, . . . 85,856
Gain for the year, . . . . . .25,178
Members in good standing March 31, 1881, . . 62,302
March 31, 1882, . . . 89,934
Gain between March 31, 1881, and March 31, 1882, . 27,632
Total Gain since December 31, 1880, . . 29,256
Chailers have been issued for Permanent Departments in Minnesota and Missouri.
On the 6th of December, 1881, a special order was issued authorizing Comrade F. A.
Sparling, Provisional Commander of Washington TeiTitory, to organize a Permanent
Department there.
In December last, at the request of the Department of Indiana, and with the con-
sent of the Department of Illinois, the Posts at Louisville, Lexington, Danville and Lan-
caster, all in Kentucky, were transferred from the jurisdiction of Illinois to that of Indi-
ana. A recent special order, however, c"reating a Provisional Department in Kentucky,
under Comrade James C. Michie, of Covington, places them under home jurisdiction,
with new Posts at Covington and Newport. Posts have been organized at Fort
Yates, Fort Abraham Lincoln, and Bismarck, Dakota Territory, chiefly through the
instrumentality of Comrade P. V. Carey, late Department-Commander of Iowa.
In Tennessee new Posts have been organized at Nashville, Chattanooga, and Mem-
phis, by Comrade Carnahan, Inspector-General, and assigned to the Department of
Indiana. Comrade Carnahan has also organized a Post at Oweusboro, Kentucky,
which becomes a part of Comrade Michie's command. In addition to the.se, steps are
being taken to organize posts at Knoxville, and other places in Tennessee, at Sher-
man, Texas, at Elizabeth City, North Carolina, and in South Carolina. Much interest
is manifested among old soldiers in New Mexico, and that Territory has been placed
under the jurisdiction of Department Commander Walkinshaw, of Kansas, who pro-
poses soon to visit it and organize Posts.
He recommended, for the more economical and efficient con-
duct of business, the consolidation of the offices of Adjutant-Gen-
eral and Quartermaster-General, or that the Quartermaster-Gen-
eral should issue all supplies.
240 (trani) Army of the Republic.
Quartermaster-General "William Ward rej^orted net receipts,
including balance last report, ^88,459.47; expenditures, including
purchase of $5,000 U. S. Bonds, $28,487.30.
$4,972 17
5,000 00
1,410 52
226 70
1,089 71
-$12,699 10
Assets.
Balance, cash ......
Goverument Bonds (par value »,
Supplies on hand (cost), .....
Office furniture (cost), .....
Accounts due (net), • . . . .
Total, ....
Surgeon-General Charles Styer presented his report in print.
After revieAving the efforts made in preyious years and the
failure to collect the statistics called for in the Post Surgeon's re-
port, he recommended that Posts continue the use of the Post
medical descriptive books. Such information is interesting and
even valuable in a small circle, and among those who are person-
ally acquainted.
The real duty of the Post iSurgeon is to render his professional services without
charge to worthy and needy comrades and their families; for this he is elected by vote
of his comrades. In execution of this duty he should keep a record of his profes-
sional visits, to whom made, their value, the value of medicines if furnished; he
should keep a record of old soldiers aided in securing pensions or getting admission
to homes, of soldiers' orphans aided if any, of contributions of money, medicines, or
necessaries secured through his efforts for needy." old soldiers"; and these should be
annually'collated and reported to the Medical Director, and by him in turn to the
Surgeon-General.
Judge-Advocate-General Geo, B. Squires presented the opin-
ions delivered in six cases referred to him during the year.
Inspector-General Jas. B. Oarnahan reported the condition of
the Departments, and the evident increase of interest. He recom-
mended the adoption of a form for official inspections, and that
mustering and inspecting officers be furnished "with coi)ies of
Rules and Service Books.
Chaplain-in-Chief Lovering said, in his address :
The peculiar condition iinder which we meet for our si.vteenth annual encamp-
ment, induces me to reiterate in sub.stancc wliat, from time to time, has been iucorpo-
rat( d into tiie ri|)orls I Imve had the honor to make before this body. Every soldier,
true to liis convictions, f.iitliful to liis (lag, is to be respected. The soldier is thelieroic
nerve of eivili/ation— its spinal cord- the pitli jiikI marrow of its backbone. Every
Administration of George S. Merrill. 241
soldier's grave is to be lionored. But that soldier only cau expect immortal renown
whose convictions are in harmony with that cause which respects human rights, at-
tempts the elevation of humanity, and promotes the service of Almighty God, and
that soldier's grave only is to be adorned with laurel and amaranth that can be called
the altar of patriotism. For, in the grand march of progress, honor must rest upon
him only, who, under the leadership of the eternal right, accepts, so far at least as
the nation is concerned, this as the summary of his faith — patriotism is the piety of
citizenship.
In view of that historic event which gave to Baltimore, in 1861, an unenviable
notorietj' before the nation, and of that generous hospitality with which we have been
welcomed to Baltimore in 1883, by the unanimous good will, as we are assured, of all
classes of citizens, permit me to close this report with the following
ADDRESS TO BALTIMORE
O city ! washed clean by the blood
Of men from our Northern homes ;
O city ! that felt the first dash of war's flood,
On her crimson-stained stones;
O city! where North and South met,
With sorrow and anger, too;
O city! whose beautiful face is still wet
For the gray and the blue;
O city! where North and South meet.
Obeying a royal command ;
Where Fed. and Confed., Yank, and Reb. may here greet
Heart to heart, hand in hand;
United, we sing your old strain —
No discord of growl or brag —
" The Star Spangled Banner,' with this our refrain —
" One Country and One flag."
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On Address of the Commander-in-Cliief :■ — I. S. Bangs, Maine ;
J. N. Patterson, New Hampshire ; S. J. Alexander, Nebraska ; F.
H. Dyer, Pennsylvania ; George F. Tait, New York.
On Report of the Adjutant-General : — A. B. Beers, Connecti-
cut ; E. L. Roberts, New Jersey ; W. 8. McNair, Delaware ; J. H.
Suter, Maryland ; G. B. Hogin, Iowa.
On Report of the Quartermaster-General : — E. H. Rhodes,
Rhode Island ; Paul Brodie, Potomac ; A. Merritt, New York ; A.
C. Stone, Massachusetts ; E. K. Stimson, Mountain.
On Report of the Inspector-General: — E. L. Campbell, New
Jersey ; J. L. Bennett, Illinois ; S. Harper, Pennsylvania ; J. C.
Tucker, California ; P. T. Woodfin, Virginia.
On Report of the Chaplain-in-Chief : — J. C. Walkinshaw, Kan-
sas ; H. M. Enos, Wisconsin ; H. M. Durfey, Connecticut ; J. B.
Murray, New York ; C. T. Clark, Ohio.
1(3
2-12 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
On Keport of tlie Surgeon-General : — B. E. Pierce, Micliigan ;
Wm. Warner, Missouri; Willard Bullard, New York; J. C. Fergu-
son, Pennsylvania ; J. W. C. Cuddy, Maryland.
On Keport of the Judge- Advocate-General : — W. H. Baldwin,
Ohio ; G. H. Patch, Massachusetts ; M. A. Haynes, New Hamj)-
shire ; G. J. Langsdale, Indiana ; A. B. Farnham, Maine.
On Rules, Regulations, and Ritual : — R. B. Beath, Penn-
sylvania ; Phil. Cheek, Wisconsin ; H. B. Peirce, Massachusetts ;
David Lanning, Ohio ; G. B. Squires, New York.
On Resolutions : — Chas. Burrows, New Jersey; J. G. B. Adams,
Massachusetts ; John W. Burst, Illinois ; J. R. Carnahan, Indiana ;
Jno. S. Kountz, Ohio.
A committee of five was appointed " to inquire into and report
to the next National Encampment, the facts as to an alleged viola-
tion of Art. II, Chap. 5, referred to in the Address of the Com-
mander-in-Chief " : — B. R. Peirce, Michigan ; G. B. Hogin, Iowa ;
S. J. Alexander, Nebraska ; R. S. Robertson, Indiana ; C. L.
Young, Ohio.
REPORTS FROM COMMITTEES.
On Address of the Commander-in-Chief, Comrade I. S. Bangs,
Chairman of the Committee, presented the following :
Ist. Resolved, That the thanks of this Encampment are due Commander-in-Chit'f
Geokge S. Mekijill, for the comprehensive and eloquent address and review of the
record of the past, the most prosperous year in the history of the Order, and that to
him we are indebted largely for the magnificent gains in membership he so generously
accords to his predecessors — his report showing an unequalled record of personal offi-
cial service.
2d. Resolved, That in accordance with the suggestion of the Commander-in-Chief, we
recommend the appointment of a committee to prepare a digest of the opinions here-
tofore rendered, and to make such modifications in the Rules and Regulations as shall
harmonize with recent changes.
Jid. Resolved, That the badge of the Commander-in-Chief be changed to correspond
v.-ith the official insignia of the General of (lie Army.
We would venture the recommendation of a change in the badge of members of
the Council of Administration to such design as may be determined xijon by that body.
4th. Resolved, That we cannot too strongly commend and endorse Ihe language of
the Address in relation to the admission of partisan or political topics in our Posts, or
our Department and National Encampments.
5th. Resolved, That a committee be appointed for conference "with olhcr Veteran
Associations, with a view to joint arrangements for our next annual meeting, and that
the date of the meeting be left with such committee.
6th. Resolrrd, Tiiat a committee l)e appointed to jjrepare and present a suitable and
enduring testimonial of our licarty a[)preciati(m of the distinguished services of our
Commander-in-Cliief , Geougb S. Merrill, for the past year.
Administration of George S. Merrill. ^tU
The first and sixtli resolutions were adopted unanimously by
a rising vote.
Committee on testimonial :
C. L. Young, Ohio ; S. J. Alexander, Nebraska ; Harrison Ad-
reon, Maryland ; A. B. Thompson, New Hampshire ; J. B. Murray,
New York. The third, fourth and fifth resolutions were not con-
curred in by the Encampment.
Comrades E. B. Beath, H. B. Peirce and Geo. B. Squires were
appointed a committee on revision of the Rules and Regulations,
under the second resolution.
On Report of Adjutant-General "W. M. Olin :
The Committee were not in favor of the proposed consolidation
of the offices of Adjutant-General and Quartermaster-General, or
of a permanent depot of supplies at this time, but recommended
that the Quartermaster-General shall distribute all supplies, and
that all requisitions be drawn on him.
Your Committee find that the duties of tlie office of the Adjutant-General have
been faithfully performed, and recommend the adoption of the accompanying resolu-
tion:
Resolved, That the thanks of the National Encampment be, and they are hereby
tendered to A d jutant-General Wm. M. Olin, for the prompt, efficient and courteous
manner in which he has discharged the manifold and laborious duties of his oflBce
during the past year. Adopted.
On Report of Quartermaster-General William Ward :
The Committee reported the accounts and vouchers correct,
and recommended the investment of $2,500 in U. 8, Bonds.
In recognition of Comrade Ward's years of faithful service as
Quartermaster-General, Comrades R. B. Beath, H. B. Peirce and
Geo. B. Squires were appointed a committee to prepare and
have presented to him, a suitable testimonial.
The Committee on Report of Judge-Advocate-General Carna-
han, approved of his several recommendations and offered a reso-
lution for the publication of a digest of all opinions and decisions
heretofore approved by the Encampment.
On Report of Surgeon-General Chas. Styer :
The Committee endorsed his recommendations, and offered a
resolution that the thanks of the Encampment be tendered for
his faithful and efficient services.
On Report of Chaplain-in-Chief Lovering :
The Committee recommended that the same be endorsed and
a copy be furnished for publication in the press.
244 Grand Army of the Republic.
military history.
General Orders No. 7, dated Boston, August 4, 1881, announced
the following :
Comrades J. H. Johnson, of Chicago, Illinois ; Robert B.
Beath, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; AVilliam H. Hodgkins, of
Somerville, Massachusetts ; Griff. J. Thomas, of Berlin, Wiscon-
sin, and Ben. D. House, of Indianapolis, Indiana, are hereby ap-
pointed as the Committee on Military History and Publication,
under the first resolution of the National Encampment relating to
that subject. (Journal of Fifteenth Annual Session, pages 801-
802.) This was followed by additional appointments as follows :
Massachusetts, Samuel A. Green, Boston ; Rhode Island, J. Al-
bert Monroe, Providence ; Connecticut, J. C. Kinney, Hartford ;
New York, Frederick Phisterer, Albany ; Delaware, Geo. V. Mas-
sey, Dover ; Mary laud, J. W. C. Cuddy, Baltimore ; Wisconsin,
Charles G. Mayers, Madison ; Utah, Moses M. Bane, Salt Lake
City ; Louisiana, E. E. Adams, New Orleans ; West Virginia,
Daniel Mayer, Charleston ; Mountain, George D. Hill, Seattle,
AYyoming ; Illinois, R. M. Smith, Springfield ; Maine, Wm. B.
Lai)ham, Augusta ; New Jersey, W. S. Stryker, Trenton ; Kansas,
Geo. Le'Brown, Leavenworth ; Vermont, Geo. H. Bigelow, Bur-
lington ; Potomac, James A. Tait, Washington ; Michigan, And.
T. McReynolds, Grand Rapids ; Iowa, W. W. Fink, Des Moines ;
Minnesota, P. P. Swenson, Minneapolis.
The chairman. Comrade J. H. Johnson, forwarded the fol-
lowing rej^ort to the Encampment :
The conimiUec has not met since its appointment, owing to tlie wide separation
of its m'-mbers, and the necessary expense attending such meeting. 1 have ])ers{tn-
ally visited Washington, to confer with the Secretary of War concerning the oflicial
records in his charge, in accordance witli a resoUition of the last Encampment, and
must confess the subject too vast to be embodied in a brief report. The missing re-
ports of active commands are, however, too great to let what seems an opportune
moment pass (it will take about five years more to complete the work begun), with-
out giving the subject a careful consideration, and which necessarily allects seriously
the highest source of materials for a History of the War. Since the AVar Depart-
ment commenced t!ie work nf compilation, they have succeeded in collecting a large
number of reports from all parts of the country, and if the members of the Grand
Army of tiie lte])ublic would make some effort in the direction of bringing to light
straggling reports, there is no doubt but that many more would come to hand. I
have spok<'n to commanding ollicersof whom T happened to make note as liaving no
reports on tile of their commands at certain battles, who assured me that they had given
a proper report to their superiors. Such reports may still be in existence and by some
Administration of George S. Merrill. 245
effort found. The compiler, Colonel Scott, who does the work with great care and
intelligence, deems it feasible to permit officers to substitute or supply reports where
such cannot be found, or where none have been made, and also, owing to the numer-
ous requests of Commanders for the privilege of correcting their reports, that they
shall be permitted to file supplementary reports under certain restrictions. In order
to do this, it requires a special act of Congress to enable the Secretary of War to re-
cognize such reports. To that end the Committee on History and Publication, of
George H. Thomas Post No. 5, Department of Illinois, has taken the first step in its
accomplishment, and would respectfully refer you to their first annual report on that
subject, which accompanies this report.
We live, perhaps, too near the events, for historians to write a history without de-
facing their pages with the bias of factions. But the material can only be supplied
by the actors, so far as concerns the part taken by the armies in the events of the
time; and it is well to remember, too, that Encampments, Camp-Fires, Re-unions, etc.,
will soon be a thing of the past, and that words alone withstand the ravages of time.
PENSION LEGISLATION.
Comrade James Tanner, from the committee appointed at the
last Encampment, upon the resolutions of Comrade Brodie, Po-
tomac, reported their action at Washington.
Their recommendations for a large increase of clerks in the
Departments having charge of Pension cases, resulted in an in-
crease of 817 clerks in the Pension Office, 167 in the Adjutant-
General's office, 166 in the Surgeon-General's office, 12 in the
Secretary of War's office and 48 in the Treasury ; a total increase
of 1210 additional employees, at an added expense of $1,742,430.
Your Committee are clear in the opinion that the value to the veteran soldiers of
their efforts can hardly be over-estimated. It is the first time that the accredited repre-
sentatives of our Order have come directly in contact with the law-making power.
Common justice demands that we should officially state the obligations we feel under
for the cordial reception we met with at the hands of the Pension Committees of both
Houses. It was freely stated by them that they had long felt the desirability of
dealing directly with the accredited representative of the soldier. If we did not ob-
tain to the uttermost extent all that was asked for, we still respectfully submit that
by far the largest portion thereof was obtained, and certainly that which is by a great
majority of the most practical and immediate importance.
So much still remains to be done, and there are so many evidences of the proba-
ble usefulness of such a body in the future, that we recommend the establishment of
a standing committee of five, who shall, in a general sense, have charge of the matter
of Pensions, and be authorized to speak in the name of the Grand Army of the Re-
public.
The report was adopted with a resolution for the establish-
ment of a standing committee on Pension Legislation.
Commander-in-Chief Geo. S. Merrill, Past Commander-in-
246 Geand Army of the Kepublic.
Chief Louis AViigner ; James Tanner, New York ; Paul Broclie, Po-
tomac, and Surgeon-General Ames, were appointed such com-
mittee.
Resolutions were adopted favoring an increase of pensions to
those who had lost limbs in the service, and for the passage of the
bill for the equalization of bounties.
Resolutions were adopted to include on the roster the names
of deceased officers of the National Encampment ; to call attention
to the proper designation of May 30, as Memorial Day, not Deco-
ration Day.
The Committee on Resolutions cordially approved the project
presented by CorjDoral Skelly, Post No. 9, of Gettysburg, Pennsyl-
vania, for the completion of a stately historic tower, to be erected
in connection with the new Episcopal Church on the battle-field,
bearing the inscrij^tion :
Churcli of the Prince of Peace.
The Nation's thank-offering for restored Peace and Union.
Erected to the Glory of God,
And in memory of Major-General Geo.G. Meade, the Commander-in-Cliief of this field,
And of the valiant Army of the Potomac,
Who here, hy their valor, gained the great victory of July 1, 2 and 3, 1863.
Isaiah 2: 4. A. D., 1883. Luke 11: 14.
This monument will be made up of stones and other memorials, many of which
are already engaged and paid for, and is freely opened to any and all officers and
soldiers who fought or fell here. The body of the church, inside and out, will be re-
served for memorials for the heroes of this field exclusively, and the inside of the
tower for inemorials of the fallen of other fields, and the outside of the tower for
stones bearing the names of survivors of this and other battle-fields, or of any civilian
who may desire to place a thank-offering for preservation in battle or restoration of
peace.
The general co-operation of Posts of the Grand Army was in-
vited.
RULES, REGULATIONS, AND RITUAL.
The committee reported amendments defining the duties of
Adjutant-General and Quartermaster-General relative to issue of
supplies, and allowing Departments to fix the ratio of representa-
tion in Department Encampments.
TESTIMONIALS.
The testimonial voted to Past Commander-in-Chief Louis
Wagner, for his services to the Order, a magnificent gold badge
Administration of George S. Merrill. 247
set in diamonds, was pre^nted in an eloquent speech by Comrade
Geo. H. Patch, Massachusetts.
The testimonials ordered by the last Encampment, for Past
Adjutant-General R. B. Beath and Chaplain-in-Chief J. F. Lover-
ing (being the resolutions of the Encampment, elegantly engrossed
by Comrade Alfred C. Monroe, and enclosed in rich frames), were
presented by Comrade W. S. McNair, of Delaware, and Comrade
D. R. Austin, of Ohio, in behalf of the Encampment, Comrade
McNair addressing Comrade Beath, and Comrade Austin the Chap-
lain-in-Chief.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The following were elected :
Commander-in-Chief, Paul Van Dervoort, Nebraska.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, W. E. W. Boss, Maryland.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, I. S. Bangs, Maine.
Surgeon-General, Dr. Azel Ames, Jr., Massachusetts.
Chaplain-in-Ghief, Rev. I. S. Foster, New York.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
California, W. S. Rosecrans ; Connecticut, H. M. Durfey ; Del-
aware, Geo. V. Massey ; Illinois, Orrin L. Mann ; Indiana, J. L.
Wooden ; Iowa, John Lindt ; Kansas, Wm. Irving ; Maine, Thos.
Tyrie ; Maryland, John H. Suter ; Massachusetts, Silas A. Barton ;
Michigan, L. G. Rutherford ; Minnesota, Adam Marty ; Missouri,
Wm. Striblen ; Mountain, B. L. Carr ; Nebraska, J. H. Culver ;
New Hampshire, J. N. Patterson ; New Jersey, Alex. M. Way ;
New York, Joseph Forbes ; Ohio, R. A. Constable ; Pennsylvania,
Robt. B. Beath ; Potomac, Paul Brodie ; Rhode Island, T. W\
Manchester ; Vermont, Warren Gibbs ; Virginia, B. Co Cook ;
Wisconsin, E. A. Calkins.
COURTESIES EXTENDED.
The city of Baltimore was profusely decorated with flags anci
bunting in honor of the Encampment.
On June 22, there was a large parade under command of Gen-
eral R. B, Ayres, U. S. A., the 5th Maryland Regiment and a
number of companies of the National Guard of Maryland, and
from Richmond and Washington, participating.
2J:8 Grand Army of the Eepurltc.
TliG Grand Army had a large number of members in line, with
visiting Posts from Massachusetts, Potomac, Delaware and Penn-
sylvania.
President Chester A. Arthur, with Governor Hamilton, of
Maryland, reviewed the parade from the City Hall. General Sher-
man, Secretaries Frelinghiiysen and Lincoln and Attorney-Gen-
eral Brewster, were on the reviewing stand.
In the afternoon there was an excursion on the steamer 3Iary
L. Weems, to Annapolis. On returning, the visitors were enter-
tained at the Scheutzen Park, where over 400 veterans were in
camp.
At a meeting held in the Mansion House, ex-Mayor Latrobe
extended a welcome to the Grand Army on behalf of the city and
State, and Mr. James Hodges spoke for the merchants and busi-
ness men specially.
Addresses were made by Commander-in-Chief Merrill, General
H. A. Barnum, Hon. John L. Thomas, Frederick Douglass, Frank
X. Ward, an ex-Confederate, Comrade Paiil Van Dervoort and
Corj)oral Tanner.
The hospitalities of the city authorities were shown on an ex-
cursion to Tivoli, where some time was to be spent in social in-
tercourse and festivities, but owing to the lateness of the hour of
adjournment of the National Encampment, the members reached
the grounds too late to particij)ate in the lunch prepared for them.
A meeting was organized on the steamer, and Mayor Wliyte made
an eloquent address which was responded to by Commander-in-
Chief Merrill.
BALTIMORE.
Comrades H. A. Barnum, Past Commander-in-Chief John F.
Hartrauft and Quartermaster-General AVm. Ward were appointed
a committee to present a suitable testimonial to the city of Balti-
more, through his Honor, William Pinkiioy Whyte, Mayor of the
city, in acknowledgment of the many official and private courte-
sies tendered the members of the Encampment.
On July 10, 1888, the committee formally presented the testi-
monial, in the presence of the city officials. Common Council and
Citizens' Committee.
The testimonial was a beautiful and artistic br<jnze tablet, of
Administration of George S. Merrill. 249
Union and Confederate cannon-metal. The bronze is 30 inches in
height by 18 in width, and stands upon an ebony pedestal 3 feet in
height.
Comrade Barnum, Chairman, in presenting the testimonial,
said: ^ * * *
Oa this memorial is a border chain, composed of thirty-eight links, symbolical of
the thirty-eight States, arranged not in alphabetical order, nor according to their geo-
graphical location. The thirteen original States are placed equi-distant around the
border, and united by the younger Commonwealths; all are strongly linked together
forming such a chain that it might be expressed, in the language of the poet, that
" which ever link you strike, tenth or ten thousandth, you break the chain alike,"
The military emblems are characteristic, not the least expressive of which is the
fascine, showing that " in union there is strength; " the Dove of Peace surmounts tha
scroll, on which is engraved an address which I will read:
ADDRESS.
TAe Grand Army of the Republic of the United States to the City of Baltimore,
Maryland:
"In the spirit of ' Frateknity, Charity and Loyalty,' Greeting: Whereas,
on the occasion of the Sixteenth Annual Encampment of the Grand Army of the Re-
public, held in the City of Baltimore, .June 21. 22 and 23, 1882, when the parading
column and escort of the Grand Army of the Republic and visiting military organiza-
tions from other States, commanded by Chief Marshal General R. B. Ayres, United
States Army, and numbering fully 13.000 men, was reviewed from the portico of the
City Hall by Chester A. Arthur, President of the United States, accompanied by mem-
bers of his cabinet, General Joseph W. Keifer, Speaker of the House of Representa-
tives, and other distinguished members of Congress, William T. Sherman, General
of the United States Army, and his staff, Honorable William P. Hamilton, Governor
of Maryland, and his military staff, William Pinkney Whyte, Mayor of Baltimore, his
Secretary. Major J. Monroe Heiskell, and other representatives of the city Govern-
ment ex-Mayors Latrobe, Banks and Vausant ; General Felix Agnus, General Adam
E. King, and many other distinguished citizens of Baltimore and of other cities and
States, his Honor the Maj'or, the Common Council, and the people of Baltimore did
extend to the Grand Army of the Republic and accompanying organizations and
friends a most cordial and enthusiastic welcome, unbounded hospitality and elaborate
entertainment, in which many ex Confederate soldiers joined ; the Grand Army of
the Republic hereby expresses its profound appreciation of the kind and brotherly
feeling thus attested, and its gratificatiou at the abundant evidence then shown, that
this Nation is not only a Union of States, but also a union of hearts throughout its
broad domains ; that ours is in truth a ' government of the people, by the people, and
for the people,' and that all are devoted to one common purpose of ' union and liberty
one and inseparable, now and forever.'
That the dove of peace may forever fold its white wings over the beautiful ' Monu-
mental City ; ' that she may grow apace in prosj^erity and power; that the liomes of all
250 Grand Army of the Republic.
her people may be the abode of unstinted pleasure and unalloyed happiness, is the
fervent jji-ayer of every Comrade of the Grand Army of the Republic."
By order of the Encampment,
HENRY A. BARNUM, New York.
JOHN F. HARTRANFT, Pennsylvania,
WILLIAM WARD, New Jersey.
ittest: Committee.
PAUL VAN DERVOORT, Commander-in-Chief.
F. E. BROWN, Adjutant-General.
The Grand Army Committee were handsomely entertained
during their visit, by the Mayor and a committee of council and
citizens.
CHAPTER XXI
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF PAUL VAN j>fiRVOORT
—SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL SESSION, DENVER, COLOtiADO, JULY
25, 1883.
Headquarteks were established in Omaha, Nebraska, with the
following staff :
Adjutant-General, F. E. Brown, Nebraska.
Quartermaster-General, John Taylor, Pennsylvania.
Inspector-General, John W. Burst, Illinois.
Judge-Advocate-General, James R. Carnahan, Indiana.
Commander-in-Chief Paul Van Der Voort was born in Ohio
in 1846, and was under 16 years of age when he enlisted for the
three months service in the 68th Illinois Infantry. He re-enlisted
in Company M, 16th Illinois Cavalry, and was with his regiment
in service in the 9th, and in the 23d Corps, and the Cavalry Corps
of the Military Division of the Mississippi. He was taken pris-
oner and confined for nearly a year in Andersonville and other
Southern prisons. Was discharged August 1st, 1865, as Sergeant.
After the war he entered the railway mail service, and served
over ten years.
He joined the Grand Army in Illinois in 1866, and was Assis-
tant Adjutant-General to Department-Commander Hilliard. He
resigned that position on his removal to Omaha, where he was
mainly instrumental in the re-organization of the Department of
Nebraska, to which he was assigned as Provisional Commander.
On the formation of the Department he was elected Department-
Commander, and was elected Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief,
1878.
General W. E. W. Ross, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, was
born in Baltimore, February 26, 1838. In 1858, he was a member
of the Baltimore City Guard, and was drill sergeant until the war
broke out. In that capacity he "was assigned to drill the Mary-
land Guard. He organized and drilled two regiments of Minute
[251]
252 Grand Army of the Republic.
Men at the Post Office, many of whom went into the field as offi-
cers of Maryhmd regiments. After the riot on April 19, 1861, the
militia regiments were disbanded. In January, 1863, he re-
organized the City Guard, with four companies, and was elected
Major. In June, 1863, he recruited the 10th Maryland Vol.
Inf. for one year, and went out as its Lieutenant-Colonel, "Was
later commissioned Lieutenant-Colonel 33d United States Colored
Troops, and led that regiment into the " crater " at the " Mine
Explosion " at Petersburg, July 30, 1864.
Colonel Ross was severely wounded, and amputation of his leg
was necessary. He was afterwards assigned to court-martial and
other special duty, until mustered-out in April, 1865, with brevet
rank of Brigadier-General.
By appointment of the Secretary of War, he served on the
Board for awarding compensation to owners of enlisted slaves.
Has filled a number of positions in Wilson Post No. 1, Balti-
more, and was Post Commander. Served one term as Assist-ant
Adjutant-General of the Department and two terms as Department-
Commander.
General Isaac S. Bangs, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, was
born in Maine, May 17, 1831. Enlisted August, 1862, as Cap-
tain, 20th Maine Infantry, and served with that regiment in the
5th Army Corj)s. Promoted Lieutenant-Colonel 81st United
States Colored Infantry, March 2, 1863 ; Colonel 10th U. S. Heavy
Artillery (colored), October 17, 1863, and served with the 19th
Army Corps. Mustered-out July 19, 1864. Brevetted Brigadier-
General, to date March 13, 1865.
Joined Post No. 14, Waterville, Maine, as a charter member, in
1868, and has always taken an active part in Grand Army work.
Has served in a number of positions in his Post and Depart-
ment— one term as Department-Commander. He was specially
active in the organization of the Sons of Veterans.
Rev. I. M. Foster, Chaplain-in-Chief, enlisted September 2,
1862, as Corporal, Company H, 146th N. Y. Vols., and served until
the end of the war. He joined the Grand Army of the Republic
in Alexandria, Virginia, in 1870. Was afterwards transferred to
Post No. 7, Department of New York. Removed to Brooklyn in
1884, and joined U. S. Grant Post No. 327, and served as Post
Chaplain. Was Department Chaplain in 1871. Is now (1888)
located in New Haven in charge of St. John M. E. Church.
Group of National Officers, 1882.
Administration of Paul Van Der Voort. 253
F. E. BroAvn, Adjutant-General, at the age of 16 enlisted as
Private in Company E, 142d 111. Inf., and served until the muster-
out of the regiment. Joined the Grand Army of the Republic in
1879, and served a number of terms as Post Adjutant, Post Quar-
termaster, and one year as Commander, and has served in posi-
tions in the Department.
Captain John Taylor, Quartermaster-General, was born in
Philadelphia, April 5, 1840. Enlisted in Company E, 2d Penn-
sylvania Pteserves, May 27, 1861, as Sergeant. Promoted First
Sergeant, July 4, 1861, and First Lieutenant July 12, 1862. For
gallant and meritorious conduct at the battle of the Wilderness,
May 5, 1864, was brevetted Captain. Immediately after the battle
of Gettysburg, General McCandless, Commanding the First Bri-
gade, Pennsylvania Reserves, had him detailed for duty upon his
Staff, where he continued until captured inside the rebel lines, at
the Wilderness, May 5, 1864, while endeavoring to force his way
to the 7th Pennsylvania Reserves, then surrounded by the enemy.
He was confined in rebel prisons at Lynchburg, Danville, Savan-
nah and Charleston, and kept in the latter place under fire until
yellow fever broke out among the prisoners. In October, 1864, was
taken to Columbia, South Carolina, where, on November 29, he
escaped, and after three weeks of incredible suffering, wandering
in the swamps of South Carolina, relying for subsistence upon
such matter as could be procured in the undergrowth, and the
occasional help extended from the scanty hoard of some colored
man, was recaptured on December 21, 1864, at Pickensville, South
Carolina, and taken back to Columbia, remaining there until the
rebels were driven out by General Sherman in 1865, when he was
removed to Charlotte, North Carolina, and again made his escape,
but Avas recaptured the next day, and on March 1, 1865, was ex-
changed near Wilmington, North Carolina. On the 12th of March,
1865, Avas mustered-out of the service of the United States at
Washington, D. C.
Comrade Taylor was mustered into the Grand Army in Capt.
P. R. Schuyler Post No. 51, Philadelphia, August, 1876 ; made
Post Adjutant, October, 1876 ; re-appointed January, 1877 ; elected
Post Commander, 1878, and re-elected 1879 ; Delegate to Depart-
ment Encampment, 1877 ; Assistant Quartermaster-General of the
Department, 1878 ; re-appointed 1879 and 1880 ; elected Depart-
ment-Commander, January, 1881.
25 1 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
He is actively engaged in tlie Fire Insurance business. Has
served as a member of Common Councils, Philadelphia.
Since his first appointment as Quartermaster-General by Com-
mander-in-Chief Van Der Voort, he has been re-appointed (1888)
each year.
Major John W. Burst, Inspector-General, enlisted May 24,
1861, as Private, Company D, 15th Illinois Infantry, and was dis-
charged in August for disability. On August 9, 1862, he enlisted
as Private in Company C, 105th 111. Vols., and was promoted Ser-
geant, Second Lieutenant, First Lieutenant and Captain. On May
25, 1864, at the battle of New Hope Church, he was badly wounded,
which resulted in the loss of a leg.
Joined Piausom Post in Chicago, August, 1866, and has always
taken an active interest in Grand Army work. Transferred to Post
12, Sycamore, Illinois, in 1874, and was Post Commander for six
years ; Senior Vice-Department-Commander, 1879 ; Department-
Commander, 1880. Is now (1888) a member of the National Pen-
sion Committee, and a member of the Board of Trustees of the Ill-
inois Soldiers Home.
General J. R. Carnahan, Judge-Advocate-General. (See Chap-
ter XIX.)
SEVENTEENTH ANNUAL SESSION.
The National Encampment met in Denver, Wednesday, July
25, 1883 ; Commander-in-Chief Paul Van Der Voort presiding.
COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS.
F. E. Brown, Adjutant-General ; J. L. Bennett, Illinois ; A. C.
Monroe, Massachusetts ; David Lanning, Ohio ; J. J. Fitzgerrell,
New Mexico.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief Paul Van Der Voort.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief W. E. W. Ross.
Junior Vice-Commauder-in-Chief I. S. Bangs,
Surgeon-General Azel Amos, Jr.
Chaplain-iii-Chief I. M. Foster.
Administration of Paul Van Der Voort. 255
Adjutant-General F. E. Brown.
Quartermaster-General John Taylor.
Inspector-General John W. Burst.
Judge-Advocate-General J. R. Carnahan.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
B. L. Carr, Colorado ; H. M. Durfey, Connecticut ; J. L.
Woodin, Indiana ; John Lindt, Iowa ; William Irving, Kansas ;
Thomas Tyrie, Maine ; Adam E. King, Maryland ; S. A. Barton,
Massachusetts ; L. G. Rutherford, Michigan ; Adam Marty, Min-
nesota ; Wm. Striblen, Missouri ; J. H. Culver, Nebraska ; J. N.
Patterson, New Hampshire ; A. M. Way, New Jersey ; Jos. Forbes,
New York ; R. A. Constable, Ohio ; R. B. Beath, Pennsylvania ;
Gilbert M. Husted, Potomac ; T. W. Manchester, Rhode Island ;
Warren Gibbs, Vermont ; J. E. Fuller, Virginia ; E. A. Calkins,
Wisconsin.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
California, 3 ; Colorado, 7 ; Connecticut, 6 ; Delaware, 2 ; Illi-
nois, 12 ; Indiana, 10 ; Iowa, 11; Kansas, 13 ; Kentucky, 3 ; Maine,
5 ; Maryland, 5 ; Massachusetts, 15 ; Michigan, 9 ; Minnesota, 6 ;
Missouri, 5 ; Nebraska, 10 ; New Hampshire, 7 ; New Jersey, 6 ;
New York, 25 ; Ohio, 21 ; Pennsylvania, 37 ; Potomac, 7 ; Rhode
Island, 8 ; Vermont, 2 ; Virginia, 3 ; Wisconsin, 5. Provisional
Departments : New Mexico, 4 ; Tennessee and Georgia, 2 ; Utah,
1. Total, 29 Departments and 249 Department Officers and Rep-
resentatives.
ADDRESS OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF PAUL VAN DER VOORT.
When 1 assumed the duties of my office I determined that I would show that I ap-
preciated the high honor by devoting all my time, and all the energy and ability in
me towards building up our Order.
With the cordial approval of the Council of Administration, I at once commenced
visiting the several Departments, and have visited all, both permanent and provisional
that were in existence June 23d, 1882, except Florida. I have met face to face more
than half of the membership of the Order. I have been cordially received everywhere,
and am earnest in the belief that the meetings held have greatly benefitted the Order.
The meetings held in connection with the receptions of the Commander-in-Chief
should be public. He is in no sense an inspecting or mustering officer, and is in the
field simply as a missionary to arouse enthusiasm, explain the objects of the Order,
incite emulation and enlist the sympathy of all in the good work.
256 Grand Army of the Republic.
I have embodied iu this address, statutes 1754 and 1755. I am paiued to report
that they are grossly and openly violated, that seldom is any inquiry made into the
matter. Thousands of old crippled veterans, in every way competent, are pushed
aside, and those who never aided the nation in the hour of trial preferred.
I take it that we, who never asked the passage of this law, and without whose
services the statutes would have been a nullit}-, have a right to demand a rigid en-
forcement of statute 1754. We have a right to kr.oAv the standing of each Department
of the government upon this question and hold to a strict account every gross and
open violation of this chartered right, given by the nation to the crippled and dis-
eased Union soldier. I regret to say that many of ouu comrades holding positions,
whose proper administration demand a large force, employ very few of our comrades,
and in some cases have turned them out to make places for civilians. Of course I
understand that this has been done upon the request of some politician, who desired
to reward some one for political work, but if our comrades in such positions would
firmly refuse to submit to such dictation, and plant themselves firmly on this law of
the laud, they could hold the fort and no one would dare to molest them. I urge
the appointment again of a strong committee, backed by stirring resolutions of this
body, to take vigorous and decisive action upon this question at once. We are in
favor of the absolute reign of the law, aud will demand an earnest adherence to all
the laws of the land, as well as this recognition of our comrades' services.
At the outset of my administration the National Tribune published a stirring edi-
torial, appealing to veterans outside of our organization to take steps to organize
Posts. The response came during the year from every section, and up to date they
have referred to National Headquarters applications for 170 Posts. Nearly all of these
have been organized and are in good working order. This magnificent result calls
for the hearty appreciation of every comrade.
In company with the Surgeon-General, I visited the Provisional Department of
Utah, on April 21st and 22d. We were cordially received by as gallant a band of
comrades as ever wore our badge. The organization in Utah have had many
ditficulties to contend with. They are uj^holding the banner of the Grand Army in
what is practically a foreign aud hostile community. They are in the front of an
enemy, treacherous and defiant, and who are trampling daily under foot the laws of
the land with perfect impunity. The Grand Army in Utah are the natural protectors
of the glory and honor of the flag. They here, in the presence of a crime as hideous
as treason, and as damnable as slavery, grandly illustrate the shining glories of our
Order.
Let us demand that earnest, true men who know and have faced the evil aud sin
day and night, shall be designated to codify the laws heretofore passed through the
dictates of the leaders of this unholy Church. That it shall be written and declared
I hat no Mormon .shall vote or hold any office whatever. That all holding Govern-
ment offices shall be removed, that this Commission shall ask Congress to approve the
codification of the laws, and that all officers of every grade shall be appointed by the
Governor and confirmed by the Council, and that the cniigratiou of recruits to build
up this damning crime shall be stopped at once and forever.
I am delighted at the progress made in the work of establishing Soldiers Homes
under the au.spices of the Grand Army. Many of the Departments are doing won-
derful wcjrk in this direction and all of them should at once take active steps towards
providing a home for tlie poor members of our Order.
The organization of Women's Relief Corps, Ladies' Loyal League, and auxiliary
societies liave kept even pace with the rapid growth of the Grand Army. In every De-
partment the nnble women have banded together in one form or another to assist us
Administeation of Paul Van Der Yoort. 257
in caring for our sick and destitute comrades and those dependent on them. Many of
the members helped, suffered and sacrificed during the war, and many have grown
up since and here find an enlarged field for the development of their charitable
hearts. They have accomplished great and lasting good. I am a firm believer in
the work of women. I am glad that these societies do not confine their member-
ship to the wives and daughters of soldiers, but admit all who are worthy to engage
in the work.
I have called the representatives of these societies together to establish a national
organization, and to encourage the spread, growth, and scope of their work. I am
satisfied that no Post is thoroughly equipped and armed in behalf of our noble
Order unless they have, working hand in hand with them, a band of the noble
women of the land.
The two branches of t:on.'? of Veterans have made progress. In accordance
with the resolution of the last National Encampment, I have encouraged these socie-
ties. I have not encouraged the oflicers and members of either branch in their war-
fare with each other. I have endeavored to restore harmony, and have earnestly
desired that they should act like the sons of veterans. I believe that the difliculty
between these organizations has been fomented and fanned largely by members of the
Grand Army of the Republic. Many of our noblest members have given time and
money, and worked hard to establish one or the other branch of this organization.
They should harmonize at once. If their proper officers do not appear here and co-
alesce, this Encampment should recognize one branch or the other.
Reference was then made to the work of tlie Pension Commit-
tee, and to the unjust charges of fraud in obtaining pensions.
The question in regard to pensioning prisoners of war should be
carefully investigated by the Pension Committee, and of the many
bills pending some just measure should be selected and endorsed
at the next session of Congress.
The Commander-in-Chief made special reference to the valu-
able labors of the Senior and Junior Yice-Commanders-iu-Chief,
the Surgeon-General and Chaplain-in-Chief, and other members
of his staflf. In closing he said :
I shall never forget the year almost gone; it will ever be my most precious recol-
lection. The way was long, the march toilsome, but it was cheered and brightened
by countless tokens of love, sweet courtesies, and generous appreciation, that made it
a march in the vale of Paradise. I have a heart warm with Fraternity for all, and an
ardent desire for the happiness, comfort and prosperity of every member of the Grand
Army. 1 only ask that I may be r 'membered as having done all that I could for the
Order I love next to the treasures of home. I l:ave not lougid for this moment
to come. I abandon this enlarged field of duty with regret ; I shall ever be true to
the Grand Army, and do all in my power to build it up until it includes every man
who wore the blue.
I again thank every comrade, the loving women, the loyal men, the grand host all
along the line of march who have cheered me, the hundreds whom I never met face
to face, who have written me glowing words of encouragement.
17
258 Gra-nd Army of the Kepublic.
At the conclusion of the address, enthusiastic calls were made
for Comrade John A, Logan.
Comrade Logan in response, said :
You have much to do in the -way of business and it i> better that that be per-
formed than that I should attempt to address you. There is one thing, however,
that I will say : I wish that all the people who have been worrying their brains in
foreiirn lands and in our own land, to ascertain why the Union Army was successful
in its struggle for this great country and why, when disbanded, theie was not a ripple
upon the surface, could have been here to-day and listened to this able and eloquent
address from a private soldier of the ranks; they then would understand why slavery
fell and liberty lived. They would then understand why the Union Army was in
the twinkling of an eye dissolved into society without a ripple upon the surface.
They would also understand why the old starry banner floats to-day, and why the
grandest Republic that ever existed exists to-day, and why it will be perpetuated.
REPORTS OF STAFF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General F. E. Brown reported :
Members in good standing Dec. 31, 1881 85,856
Members in good standing Dec. 31, 1882 131,890
Gain for the year 46,084
Members in good standing March 31, 1883 90,166
Members in good standing March 31, 1883 145.932
Gain for the year 55,766
Total gain since Dec. 31, 1881 60,076
During the past year Permanent Departments have been organized as follows:
Oregon, September 28, 1882; West Virginia, February 20, 1883; Kentucky, January
17, 1883; Dakota, February 27, 1883; Arkansas, July 11, 1883; Washington Terri-
tory, June 20, 1883; New Mexico, July 14, 1883.
The Provisional Department of the Gulf was created March 28, 1883, with Com-
rade Charles A. Thiel, of New Orleans, La., as Provisional Department Commander.
Louisiana. ^Mississippi, Alabama, and Texas, are embraced in this Department.
The Provisional Department of Tennessee and Georgia was created May 1, 1883,
with Comrade Edward S. Jones, of Nashville, Teunessc-e, as Commander.
The growth in membership in all Departments, with one or two exceptions, lias
been vigorous, enabling you to quite fulfil the prediction made at Baltimore last
June, " that with th?' aid of your comrades, our ranks would be increased 50,000 by
the time of the next Encampment."
CHARITIES OF THE ORDER.
The amount expended for relief during the year was $106,907.74,
relieving 5,422 veterans or members of their families.
Administration of Paul Van Der Voort. 259
IN MEMORIAM.
There have been mustered-out by death 1,188 comrades.
RITUAL.
The Encampment at Baltimore directed the appointment of a committee to revise
the Ritual to conform to the changes then made. Comrades R. B Beath, Pennsyl-
vania; H. B. Peirce, Massachusetts, and G. B. Squires, New York, were appointed as
this committee, who made the necessary revision, which was approved by the Com-
mander-in-Chief, and then issued for the guidance of the Order.
Seventy-five thousand badges were issued. We were fortunate in securing four
pieces of cannon donated by Congress to a military organization, and purchased by
us. which bore the stamp of the foundry in Rome, Georgia, where they were made in
1862, and which, from the incongruous mixing of metals in these guns, showed that
the Confederates were even then hard pushed for good material.
Quartermaster-General John Taylor, in his report, gave in de-
tail the receipts and expenditures of the year. Total assets,
$11,969.41 ; liabilities, none.
Judge-Advocate-General J. R. Carnahan reported :
In conformity with instructions of the National Encampment held at Baltimore
in June, 1883, I have compiled all the opinions of Judge-Advocate-Generals, from
the organization of the Grand Army up to the present date. I have arranged them
in their order as rendered, and numbered them consecutively from I to CXLV. For
each of the opinions I have prepared a syllabus, and an index and digest for the en-
tire work. During the year I have rendered fifteen opinions, on subjects referred to
me from National Headquarters. These opinions are embraced in the compilation,
and are numbered from CXXXI to CXLV, inclusive. I have performed this work
in accordance with the order of the last National Encampment in so far as the prep-
aration of a syllabus was ordered, but believing that a syllabus alone would not meet
the needs of the Grand Army, I collected all of the decisions of my predecessors, that
the comrades might have not only the outline, but the full text of the opinions and
decisions which are now a part of the law governing the Grand Army.
Inspector-General J. W. Burst reported in detail the condition
of each Department :
The year ending December 30, 1882, was the most prosperous in the history of
our organization, showing unprecedented increase in number of Posts and member-
ship. The Department and Post Ofiicers are constantly replying to communications
from ex-soldiers, asking as to aims, objects and purposes of the Grand Army of the
Republic. Applications are being forwarded to Department Headquarters in many
of the States faster than the Mustering Officers can perform their duties.
The interest continu''s to increase, with every assurance that we shall soon com-
plete the grand and loving work so earnestly begun, and faithfully carried on, until
260 Grand Army of the Republic.
every honorably discharged soldier and marine has his name on the Muster Roll of
the Grand Army of the Republic. The organization must be congratulated on the
success made possible by the earnest efforts of Past Commander-in-Chief Wagner,
increased by the splendid work of his successor, and continued by the enthusiastic
and tireless services of the first private who now fills this high and honored position.
Your work for the year about to end will live with the history of the Grand Army of
the Republic.
He presented a form for the inspection of Posts.
Surgeon-General Ames presented a very thorough and inter-
esting report upon pensions. (See pp. 51-64, Journal of National
Encampment, 1883.) The demands on his time on work affecting
general legislation on pensions had prevented his attention to
details for work that would make the medical department of the
Grand Army more useful :
I am fully persuaded that a simple but efficient organization of the medical service
for the ensuing year will give an increased value and activity to this department, and
I am equally satisfied that a wide and engrossing field of work will be found for Post
Surgeon and Medical Director:
In aiding the applicant for pensions, bounty, State aid and Soldiers' Home accom-
modations, etc. ;
In securing to the widows and children of soldiers all needed aid, and especially
in helping the children of soldiers to education, the learning of trades, and employ-
ment under proper conditions;
In obtaining employment for the feeble and the dependents of deceased com-
rades ;
In securing medical attendance, hospital accommodations and nursing for those
who need ;
In standing between the soldier and the exactions or wrong treatment of any
who would abuse, whether money-lender, officer of the law, rum-seller or ill ad-
viser, and in acting at all times as the special ally and aid of the poor, the afllicted or
the wronged.
To the Post, Surgeon, especially if a medical man, the sorrows and private distress
of the comrade or his family are made known with a confidence that is reposed in no
other, and his opportunities are proportionately great.
I believe that with a heart for the work, the medical officer will have hencefor-
ward no difficulty in finding work enough to do, and in that work a degree of satis-
faction and compen.sation abundantly ample.
That the medical ofilcers of the Grand Army of the Republic will fiiid in the ju-
dicious, sympathizing and efficient aid of the women of Department and Local
Women's Relief Corps a most desirable and valuable co-operation, I fully believe.
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On Address of the Commander-in-Chief : — Charles T. Clark,
Ohio ; Samuf'l Harper, Pennsylvania ; A. B. Valentine, Vermont ;
William AVarner, Missouri ; S. D. Puterbaugh, Illinois.
Admiisisteation of Paul Van Der Voort. 261
On Report of Adjutant-General : — T. J. Stewart, Pennsylvania ;
Ben. D. House, Indiana ; B. K. Kimberly, Colorado ; W. L. Cul-
bertson, Iowa ; W. E. Tliorp, Micliigan.
On Eules, Regulations, and Ritual : — R. B. Beath, Pennsyl-
vania ; G. S. Merrill, Massachusetts ; T. D. McGillicuddy, Ohio ;
H. X. Devendorff, Kansas ; Henry R. Barber, Rhode Island.
On Report of Quartermaster-General : — L. W. Osborne, Ne-
braska ; J. S. Sterritt, Missouri ; J. W. Jacobus, New York ; C. C.
Kinsman, Vermont ; E. S. Jones, Tennessee.
On Report of Inspector-General : — E. M. Shaw, Maine ; G. B.
Fielder, New Jersey ; H, W. Slocum, New York ; M. D. Manson,
Indiana ; B. R. Pierce, Michigan.
On Report of Judge-Advocate-General : — H. E, Taintor, Con-
necticut ; J. P. Rea, Minnesota ; W. R. Manning, Iowa ; W. F.
Chamberlain, Missouri ; C. W. Blair, Kansas.
On Report of Surgeon-General : — T. C. Tucker, California ; J.
C. Broatch, Connecticut ; P. W. Wilcox, Illinois ; J. L. Woodin,
Indiana ; E. T. Lincoln, Kentucky.
On Report of Chaplain-in-Chief : — William Striblen, Missouri;
J. C. Linehan, New Hampshire ; Philip Cheek, Jr., Wisconsin ;
S. S. Burdett, Potomac ; Philip S. Chase, Rhode Island.
On Resolutions : — Louis Wagner, Pennsylvania ; John A. Lo-
gan, Illinois ; C. F. Manderson, Nebraska ; J. G. B. Adams,
Massachusetts ; C. H. Grosvenor, Ohio ; Philip Cheek, Jr., Wis-
consin.
Comrade E. S. Osborne, Pennsylvania, called attention to the
fact that since the Encampment had assembled in Colorado, the
death of Major-General E. O. C. Ord had been announced. He
referred to the distinguished services of that officer during the
rebellion.
Comrade C. W. Hazzard, of Pennsylvania, on behalf of the
delegation from that State, presented the following, which were
adopted by a rising vote :
Resolved, That we learn of the death of General E. O. C. Ord, in a foreign land,
with sorrow, born of admiration for his noble career as a soldier.
Resolved, That those here assembled, who foUowel his gallant leadership, both on
the Potomac and on the Tennessee, sympathize with the Nation in the loss of au emi-
nent soldier— the last commander of the Army of the James, the last survivor of
Pennsylvania's noble three, Reynolds, Meade and Ord.
202 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
ileports from committees.
On Address of the Commander-in-Chief :
We have very carefully examined aud considered the comprehensive and eloquent
address of Oomrade Paul Van Der Voort, Comt.ander-in-Chief , and warmly com-
mend tiie constant labors and unflagging zeal of our beloved comrade during th(!
past year. With the rapid increase of the Grand Army of the Republic, as well as a
corresponding increase of duty upon the part of the Commander-in-Chief, it is a sin-
cere d-light to every comrade to know that that duty has been amply and magnili-
cently performed. We in no wise detract from his honored predecessors, who planted
the seed and nurtured the plant through its tender growth until it became established
in strength, when we say that his labors have been more abundant and the harvest
greater than in any previous year. His enthusiasm in all that pertains to the Grand
Army, his imtiring industry and zeal, his personal magnetism and eloquence com-
mand the admiration of his comrades everywhere, and if imitated by his successors
will surely conduct them on the road to success.
We recommend the adoption of the following :
1. Besolved, That the cordial thanks of this Encampment be and are hereby ex-
tended to Comrade Paul Van Der Voort, Commander-in-Chief, for the untiring
zeal and energy, the unwearied devotion and the boundless love with which he has
administered the affairs of the Grand Army during the past year, and for the magnif-
icent "results which have followed his unseltish labor; and we pray that he may live
long to enjoy the gratitude and love of his comrades, and that he may be blessed with
unbounded health, happiness and prosperity.
2. Remlml, That the Council of Administration be and is hereby instructed to
procure and present to Comrade Van Der Voort, Commander-in-Chief, a suitable
testimonial of the appreciation of his comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic
of his splendid services during the past year.
3. Itesolpcd, That we heartily endorse and concur in the views so forcibly and
eloquently expressed in the address upon the barbaric crime of polygamy, and we
most earnestly invite Congress to devise such measures as will speedily and effectually
remove that blot upon the morals and purity of the nation.
4. Resolved, That we hail with pleasure all organizations having for their object
the perpetuity of the principles which are dear to us, and we recognize in the Sons of
Veterans of the United States of America one that is entitled to the contidence and
support of all comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic.
5. li'jsolccd, That being pledged to obey the laws of the land, we claim the right
to insist that all others should be held to a like obedience ; and, inasmuch as Secticm
1,754 of the Revised Statutes of the United States provides that disabled soldiers and
sailors shall be preferred for ap,)oiutments to civil othces, we demand its full and un-
(pialified cnrorcement in all departments of the civil service. This law was the out-
growth of the honest gratitude of the American people for the soldiers and sailors
wlio saved the Uni(jn, and the honor and integrity of the nation is involved in its full
and am])le enforcement.
On Report of Adjutant-General F. E. Brown :
The uiii)rece(lcnted increase in our Order, during tlie year, in Posts and member-
shi)). ha.s necessarily addeil largely to tho duties of th" orfic-. When we consider that
Administration of Paul Van Der Yoort. 263
more tlian one-third of our entire membership have been admitted to our ranlis dur-
ing his term, we feel that his devotion to duty and his able administration of the
'affairs of his office is worthy the highest commendation
We heartily concur in the remarks of the Adjutant-General, relative to prompt-
ness in forwarding quarterly reports from Posts to Department Headquarters. But
little now can be said on this subject, yet it is one of such vast importance in the
prompt and proper transaction of business of an organization as large as the Grand
Army of the Republic that we would recommend that it be made the subject of a
General Order from National Headquarters.
From the enthusiasm pervading the Order, there can be no doubt but that the in-
crease for the coming year will be great, and we would respectfully suggest that the
Council of Administration consider the advisability of giving the Adjutant-General
an a-sistant in his office work and tix the pay for the same.
We concur in the suggestions of the Adjutant-General, that every officer should
provide himself with and carefully study the '' Manual." and thus avoid much useless
correspondence with National as well as Department Headquarters.
To the comrades who have received special and honorable mention in this report
for valuable assistance and advice, we suggest that the thanks of this Encampment be
given.
On Report of Inspector-General J. W. Burst :
The Encampment is to be congratulated upon the continued prosperity and un-
precedented growth of the Grand Army, and the improved condition of the various
Departments and Posts, as shown in the Inspector-General's report.
We have carefully read the report, and have fully considered the many recom-
mendations contained therein, and are pleased to say that we see no necessity for any
changes or corrections as printed.
We fully endorse the suggestions of the Inspector-General touching the form, and
duties of Assistant Inspectors of Departments, in the yearly Inspection of Posts, and
we recommend that the form presented in said report shall become a part of the form
for the inspection of Posts.
We desire especially to congratulate the Inspector-General in presenting in his
report a new feature, namely: The report on the National Sailors Home at Dayton,
Ohio, and at Milwaukee, Wisconsin. This report of the Soldiers Home covers, in sub-
stance, the workings of other National h-'oldiers Homes throughout the land. We fur-
ther recommend that the Inspectors of Departments shall, so far as practicable, make
application to their various State Governments for permission to officially inspect
every Soldiers Home and Soldiers Orphans' Home in their State, and to submit to
the Inspector-General the result of such inspection.
On Report of Judge-Advocate-General J. R, Carnalian :
Tour Committee report that after a careful examination of said report and the
Digest of Opinions accompanying the same, they cordially recommend that said Di-
gest of Opinions be accepted and approved as the law of the Grand Army of the Re-
public upon the subjects therein treated. In the opinion of the Committee the com-
pilation is one of learning, research and ability, bringing the common law of our
organization in a palpable and comprehensible form before our comrades, and gath-
ering together and formulating rules for the determination of questions which may
arise hereafter, which may be invaluable to the Order by reason of their simplicity,
directness and accessibility.
264 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
On Report of Quartermaster-General Jolin Taylor :
The Committee have examined the books, accounts, and vouchers of the Quarterr
master-General, compared the same with his printed report, and find the same cor-
rect.
On Report of Surgeon-General A. Ames, Jr. :
Your Committee, to whom was referred the report of Surgeon-General Ames,
report, that in their opinion the assignment of the whole subject of pensions to that
officer was fortunate in the extreme for our Order. While in time of war the stern
duties of a surgeon leave liim but little leisure, the position of Surgeon-General in the
Grand A.rmy of the Republic has been until now but an honorable sinecure in these
happy times of peace.
Your Committee finds cause for congratulation, that this truly medical matter of
pensions has been placed in such competent and experienced hands, and sincerely
trust a continuance will hereafter obtain, of the work so intelligently inaugurated.
That portion of the report which recommends the abolition of the present rank
distinctions in pensions, appears to your Committee particularly in keeping with the
opening clause of the Declaration of Independence of our country which recognizes
that all men are born equal.
Finding nothing to add to the exhaustive and interesting treatise of the Surgeon-
General, and believing that the justly put and lucid views therein expressed, will
greatly advance the .moral and legal science of this painful adjunct of war. we recom-
mend that the Committee on Pensions be requested to take such steps as may be
neces.sarj'^ to carry out the recommendations contained in the report, and especially
as to rank and the appointment of a special commission for the revision of the pen-
sion laws.
RULES, REGULATIONS, AND RITUAL.
No changes of moment were recommended by the committee.
COMMITTEE ON PENSIONS.
The standing Committee on Pensions have given considerable attention to the
practice of the Pension Office as affecting the adjudication of claims there pending,
being afforded every facility by the Commissioner, for the purpose ; and the result
of their inquiry, as attained by the full committee and a sub-committee, will be em-
bodied in a circular of information and advice to comrades, issued from National
Headcpiarlers.
In compliance with the vote of the last Encampment, the (Committee advocated in
an amended form tlie .so-called " Forty Dollar Bill,' before the two Houses of Con-
gress, with .successful results; and while llie full .scope of the original bill was found
to be unobtainable, it affords, as passed, a good degree of relief to the comrades for
whose benefit it was devised.
Tlie manifold interests of the comrades in the whole pension system received so
full a discussion iu the report of the Surgeon-General, and his recommendations are
so in afcord with the convictions of the Committee on Pensions, that tliey find it un-
necessary to elaborate points which they might otherwise express themselves upon.
Administbation of Paul Yan Dek Vookt. 285
After an interesting debate (pages 139-147, Journal, 1583), tlie
report was concurred in.
COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS.
The committee recommended that no application for restora-
tion to rank of any Past Department Commander shall be consid-
ered unless made in the following form :
1. First. A request from the Post of which the comrade sought to be restored is
now a member, asking for such restoration. 2d. A resolution of the Department ap-
proving such request. 3d. Name of the comrade and of the Post into which he was
originally mustered. 4th. The date of such muster. 5th. The date of election and
installation as Department Commander. 6th. The cause of leaving the Grand Anny
of the Republic, whether— A. By resignation ; B. By disbandnient of Post or De-
partment ; or C. By what other cause. 7th. Date of the organization of the Post of
which he is now a member. 8th. Date of his muster into said Post.
The above information is needed to enable tliis Encampment to judge whether the
comrade should be granted the high honor of a restoration to the rank forfeited by
cessation of membership with us, and which should never be granted if such cessation
was the voluntary act of the comrade.
3. That the Commander-in-Chief be and he is •hereby authorized and requested
to have prepared a proper form of petition to Congress asking that Memorial Day
be made a national holiday, and that the several Posts be requested to have such a
petition properly signed and pre.sented to Congress at its next session.
3. That the National Encampment cordially wishes God speed to the organi^iation
of ex nurses and similar bodies of women who seek by concerted effort to make per-
petual, as well as effective, the lessons of the war for the suppression of the rebellion
in which they bore honorable part.
4 That the Commander-in-Chief be and he is hereby requested to have pre-
pared r. proper form of petition to Congress asking legislation to place volunteers of
the navy upon the same footing with volunteer soldiers as to admission into Soldiers'
Homes, and that the several Posts be requested to have such petition signed and for-
warded to Congress.
Adopted.
GENERAL RESOLUTIONS.
On motion of Comrade Theo. F. Wiseman, Kansas, a commit-
tee of five was appointed to present a memorial to Congress for
" the establishment of a Soldiers' Home west of the Mississippi.
(See Eeport, Chapter XXII.)
The following was adopted on motion of Chaplain-in-Chief
Foster :
Besohcd, That we cordially hail the organization of a National Woman's Relief
Corps and extend our greeting to them. We return our warmest thanks to the loyal
women of the land for their earnest support and encouragement and bid them God
speed in their patriotic work.
266 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
The thanks of the Eucampinent were unanimously tendered to
Department Commander E. K. Stimson, of Colorado, for his
laborious services in connection with the Encampment and Re-
union ; " to the Legislature of the State of Colorado and the citi-
zens of Denver and the Department Encampment of Colorado, for
the bountiful manner in which they have entertained us during
our stay in this beautiful city ; " also to Senator Tabor, for the
use of his beautiful Opera House for the meeting.
The thanks of the Encampment were extended to Comrade
William A, Hammill, of Georgetown, Colorado, for the silver
badges presented by him to each member of the Encampment.
The badge was a very elaborate piece of workmanship, consisting
of a representation of a rising sun, in silver, two inches in diam-
eter, bearing the inscription around the outer edge, " Fraternity,
Charity and Loyalty — 1861-1883." In the center is the mono-
gram, " G. A. R." On the obverse are the words, " Seventeenth
Annual EncamjDment, Denver, Colorado, July, 1883. Nil Sine
Numine," and in the center a shield with a representation of
mountains on the upper half and a pick and hammer crossed
on the lower. It was suspended from a silver pin b}^ a buff
ribbon bearing the name of the Department to which the comrade
belonged.
TESTIMONIAL TO PAST COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF GEO. S. MERRILL.
Comrade Clias. F. Manderson, Nebraska, on behalf of the
committee, presented to Past Commander-in-Chief Merrill a beau-
tiful gold badge mounted with diamonds, voted by the National
Encampment in appreciation of his arduous labors as Commander-
in-Chief of the Grand Army of the Republic.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The following were elected :
Commander-in-Chief, Robert B. Beath, Pennsylvania.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, William Warner, Missouri.
Junior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, Walter H. Holmes, Cali-
fornia.
Surgeon-General, Dr. Azel Ames, Jr., Massachusetts, re-elected.
Chaplain-in-Chief, Rev. I. M. Foster, New York, re-elected.
Administration of Paul Van Der Toort. 267
council of administration.
Arkansas, E. A. Nickels ; California, J. C. Tucker, M. D.; Colo-
rado, Bjron L. Carr ; Connecticut, W. H. Pierrej)ont ; Delaware,
W. H. Purnell ; Illinois, Smitli D. Atkins ; Indiana, E. S. Kobert-
son ; Iowa, Henry Fry ; Kansas, John A. Martin ; Kentucky, J.
Elwood Livezay; Maine, Charles A. Coombs ; Maryland, Geo. B.
Creamer ; Massachusetts, Henry B. Peirce ; Michigan, W. H. Mil-
ler ; Minnesota, William Thomas ; Missouri, J. S. Sterrett ; Ne-
braska, J. H. Culver ; New Hampshire, W. H. D. Cochrane ; New
Jersey, A. M. Way ; New Mexico, T. AY. Collier ; New York, A. H.
Spierre ; Ohio, Carl N. Bancroft ; Oregon, B. H. Tuttle ; Pennsyl-
vania, Samuel Harper ; Potomac, Gilbert M. Husted ; Ehode
Island, Thos. W. Manchester ; Vermont, Warren Gibbs ; Virginia,
C. W. Burr ; Wisconsin, J. Davidson.
The newly elected officers were installed in the presence of the
officers and members of the Women's Belief Corps.
The Commander-in-Chief announced as the Committee on
Pensions :
George S. Merrill, Massachusetts ; Louis Wagner, Pennsyl-
vania ; C. H. Grosvenor, Ohio; Azel Ames, Jr., Massachusetts;
Paul Van Der Voort, Nebraska.
COURTESIES EXTENDED.
Extensive preparations had been made in Denver for the re-
ception and entertainment of the delegates, and for the general re-
union. A camp had been established in the suburbs of the city
capable of accommodating fifteen thousand men, the streets were
decorated upon the most extensive and exjDensive scale, and above
all there was a hearty welcome by the citizens of the State,
The Camp was formally opened on the morning of July 25th,
the exercises being presided over by Comrade G. G. Symes.
Governor J. B. Grant, of Colorado, made an eloquent address
in welcoming the members of the Grand Army of the Republic to
Colorado. He was followed by Mayor John L, Bouth, of Denver.
An appropriate response was made by Commander-in-Chief Y'an
Der Voort, followed by Comrades J. G. B. Adams, Massachusetts,
E. K. Stimson, Colorado, and General John A. Logan.
268 Grand Army of the Republic.
In the afternoon there was a Parade of the Colorado National
Guard and the Grand Army of the Republic, with General John
A. Logan, Marshal.
Platforms had been erected on the streets, and they were
crowded with ladies and children. -The sidewalks along the route
of parade was lined Avith spectators.
The children's singing of war songs was a feature of the re-
union. The pyramid on which the children stood was thirty-five
feet across at the base, and twelve feet high. Long before the
parade appeared the streets were packed for squares around, and
nothing would satisfy the eager multitude but the singing of the
200 children. The heartiest cheers went up from the listeners at
the end of each song, and finally, when the advance guard of the
parade arrived, the cheers Avliich greeted Prof. Birdsall and his
young patriotic singers were deafening. General Logan halted his
command and joined heartily in the cheering. And not to be out-
done, the children waved their flags and cheered the veterans in
return. The song of welcome to the Grand Army of the Repub-
lic, composed by Comrade Birdsall, was received with great en-
thusiasm.
TOPEKA FLAMBEAU CLUB.
In the evening the Topeka (Kansas) Flambeau Club, under
command of Major T. J. Anderson, made a brilliant display.
For an hour, while going through their military evolutions,
marching and counter-marching, they kept up a continuous blaze
of roman candles, sky-rockets and pyrotechnic novelties that ex-
cited the greatest enthusiasm.
The State of Colorado appropriated $21,000 towards the enter-
tainment of the members of the Grand Army of the Republic at-
tending the Encampment. This sum was suj)plemented by large
donations from the citizens of Denver. The amount appropriated
by the State was principally expended for excursions for the
members of the Encampment and their families. The first of
these was on July 20, to Greeley, Fort Collins, Longmont and
Boulder, the route being through the agricultural region of Col-
orado.
On July 21), the Encampment started on the grand excursion
to Leadville and Gunnison ; one division going by tlie way of the
Administration of Paul Yan Der Yoort. 269
Denver and South Park Railroad, returning via Denver and Eio
Grande Railroad, arriving in Denver on August 2d ; the other
division going via Denver and Rio Grande and returning by the
Denver and South Park Railroad.
The visitors met only with unbounded hospitality on these
trips, and most thoroughly appreciated and enjoyed the thoughtful
generosity that enabled them, without expense, to travel through
a large part of the State, over mountain passes and through ro-
mantic gorges and canons that excited wonder and admiraUon at
every point. This trip was one never to be forgotten by its j)ar-
ticipants.
CHAPTER XXII.
ADMl>sISTRATI()X OF COMMANDEK -IN - CHIEF R. B. BEATII —
EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL SESSION, MINNEAPOLIS, JULY 23, 1884.
Headquarters were established iu Philadelphia, with the
following staff:
Adjutant-General, John M. Yanderslice, Pennsylvania.
Quartermaster-General, .John Taylor, Pennsylvania.
Inspector-General, Chas. A. Santmyer, Ohio.
•Judge-Advocate-General, AVilliam Vandever, Iowa.
Assistant Adjutant-General, Thomas J. Stewart, Pennsylvania.
Colonel Robert B. Beath, Commander-in-Chief, was born in
Philadelphia, January 26, 1839, and served an apprenticeship as
a machine-blacksmith. He enlisted on the first call for troops, in
the 23d Pennsylvania Volunteers, and was discharged as Sergeant
at the end of the three months terra. Re-enlisted September 5,
1861, as Sergeant, Company D, 88th Pennsylvania Volunteers;
promoted to be First Sergeant and Second Lieutenant. Was
slightly Avounded at second Bull Run, August 30, 1862. In July,
1863, was commissioned Captain, Company A, 6th U. S. Colored
Troops. Served with the Regiment in the Army of the James,
and was badly wounded in the charge of the Brigade on New
Market Heights, Virginia, September 29th, 1864, resulting iu the
amputation of his right leg below the knee. AVhen able to leave
the hospital was assigned to Camp "William Penn, Philadelphia,
and there remained until able to Avear an artificial limb, when he
returned to his Regiment in North Carolina, and Avas examined
for promotion as Lieutenant-Colonel of the Regiment. Was as-
signed to duty in the Freedmen's Bureau, in North Carolina ;
commissioned J^ieutenant-Colonel, but not mustered. Was mus-
tered-out, September 20, 1865.
He Avas elected Surveyor-General of Pennsylvania in 1871, for
three years. Charter-member of Post No. 2, Philadelphia, Octo-
ber 28, 1866, and charter member and the first Commander of Post
L270]
Administration of Kobert B. Beath. 271
No. 5, Philadelphia, and also the first Junior Vice-Commauder of
the Department.
In July, 1867, removed to Pottsville, Pennsylvania, and there
served two terms as Commander of Gowen Post No. 23. Was
four years Assistant Adjutant-General of the Department ; De-
partment Commander in 1873 ; two years Inspector-General of the
Grand Army of the Republic, under Commander-in-Chief Burn-
side, and three years Adjutant-General under Commanders-in-
Chief Hartranft and AVagner. He compiled the first Manual for
the use of the Grand Army, and later compiled the Grand Army
Blue Book, citing the law and precedents on all points raised in
regard to the Rules and Regulations of the Order. Has been, since
1881, Secretary of the United Firemen's Insurance Company, Phil-
adelphia. Is Vice-President, Board of Trustees, Pennsylvania
Soldiers and Sailors Home.
Major William Warner, Senior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, was
born in Lafayette county,Wisconsin, in 1840. He entered the service
in Company C, 33d Wisconsin Volunteers. Was promoted Adjutant
and then Captain. Was afterward appointed Captain and Assistant
Adjutant-General, by President Lincoln. In 1864 was commis-
sioned Major, 44th Wisconsin, and served in the 16th and 17th
Army Corps. He was a member of the Grand Army oi the Re-
public in Wisconsin, 1866-67. Removed to Kansas City to prac-
tice law, and, in 1881, there organized Geo. H. Thomas Post, and
was its first Commander. Was elected Department Commander
in 1882, and re-elected in 1883, and done most efficient work in that
position in building up the Order in his State.
At Minneapolis he was nominated by General Sherman fcr
Commander-in-Chief.
He has rejDresented the 5tli Missouri District in Congress
for two terms, and declined renomination for a third term.
Elected Commander-in-Chief at Columbus. See Chapter XXVI.
Major Walter H. Holmes, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief,
enlisted, April 19, 1861, as a Private in the 8th New York State
Militia, and at the end of the three months term was commissioned
First Lieutenant, 170th New York, which served first in North
Carolina, and afterward in the 2d Army Corps, Army of the Poto-
mac. Was promoted Captain in 1863, and mustered-out at the
close of the war. AVas a charter member of Post No. 11, Brook-
272 Grand Army of the Republic.
lyn. lu 1874 he went to California, and aided in the formation of
Geo. H. Thomas Post, in San Francisco. Served two terms as
Commander, and was noted for his energetic and successful Avork
in recruiting the Post. He has taken a leading part in all the
work pertaining to the Grand Army of the Republic on the Pacific
coast. He was Grand Marshal of the notable parade in San Fran-
cisco, on the assembly of the Twentieth National Encamp-
ment.
John M. Vanderslice, Adjutant-General, was born near Valley
Forge, Chester county, Pennsylvania. At the age of seventeen he
left the Classical Institute, where he was preparing for college,
and enlisted, February, 1864, as a Private in the 8th Pennsylvania
Cavalry, and served with that Regiment in the campaigns of the
Cavalry of the Army of the Potomac, until Lee's surrender. Upon
being mustered-out, in July, 1865, he resumed his studies and was
admitted to the Philadelphia Bar in May, 1869, since which time
he has been in active 23ractice there.
He served several terms as Adjutant of Post 2, Philadelphia.
In 1876 he was appointed Assistant Adjutant-General of the De-
partment of Pennsylvania, and served for six years, when he Avas
elected Department Commander.
He is an active Grand Army worker, and has been regular in
attendance u})f)n the Department and National Encampments. Is
a Trustee of the Pennsylvania Soldiers Home, at Erie, and a Di-
rector of the Gettysburg Battle-field Memorial Association.
Captain Chas. A. Santmyer, Inspector-General, enlisted in 1857,
at the age of seventeen, in Battery B, 4th U. S. Artillery, and took
part in the " Mormon Expedition," to Utah. He served Avith the
Battery until July 7, 1862, and was then discharged as First Ser-
geant. Commissioned Second Lieutenant, 1st Maryland Cavalry ;
promoted Captain, August, 1864 ; mustered-out, 1865. In 1879 he
joined Geo. H. Thomas Post No. 13, in Cincinnati, Ohio, and, in
1880, became a charter member of Post 30, at his home in Car-
thage, Ohio, serving four years as its Commander. Served as
Assistant Inspector-General in 1882 and 1883.
General Wm. Yandevek, Judge-Advocate-General, Avas elected
to Congress from Iowa, in 1858, and re-elected in 1860. He re-
signed liis seat at th(! l)re;iking out of the Avar, to take command
Group of National Officers, 1883.
Administration of Robert B. Beath. 273
as Colonel of the 9tli Iowa Volunteers. Promoted Brigadier-
General, November 29, 1862, and Brevet Major-General, June 7,
1865. He was in command of Divisions in the 1.3th, 14th and
16th Army Corps, in many important engagements.
He joined the Grand Army of the Republic in Iowa, in 1866,
and was elected member of the National Council of Administra-
tion, January, 1868. Commander, Post No. 7, Dubuque, Iowa,
1882-83. In 1884 he moved to California, and was Commander of
Cushing Post No. 44. Was elected a Member of the 50th Con-
gress, from the 6th Congressional District, California.
EIGHTEENTH ANNUAL SESSION.
The National Encampment met in Minneapolis, July 23, 1884,
and was called to order by Commander-in-Chief Robert B. Beath.
COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS.
Adjutant-General J. M. Vanderslice ; W. H. Miller, Michigan ;
Thos. W. Manchester, Rhode Island ; Wm. Thomas,'*Minnesota ;
G. M. Husted, Potomac.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief Robert B. Beath.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief William Warner.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief W. H. Holmes.
Chaplain-in-Chief I. M. Foster.
Adjutant-General J. M. Vanderslice.
Assistant Adjutant-General Thos. J. Stewart.
Quartermaster-General John Taylor.
Inspector-General Chas. A. Santmyer.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
Colorado, C. T. Harkinson ; Connecticut, W. H. Pierpont ;
Delaware, W. H. Purnell ; Illinois, Smith D. Atkins ; Indiana, R.
S. Robertson ; Iowa, Henry Fry ; Kansas. John A. Martin ; Maine,
Chas. A. Coombs ; Maryland, George B. Creamer ; Massachusetts,
Henry B. Peirce ; Michigan, W. H. Miller ; Minnesota, William
Thomas ; Missouri, J. S. Sterrett ; Nebraska, J. H. Culver ; New
Hampshire, Daniel B. Newhall ; New Jersey, A. M. Way ; New
York, A. H. Spierre ; Ohio, Carl N. Bancroft ; Oregon, B. B. Tut-
18
274 Grand Army of the Republic.
tie ; Pennsylvania, Samuel Harper ; Potomac, Gilbert M. Husted ;
Rhode Island, Thos. "W. Manchester; Vermont, Warren Gibbs;
Virginia, C. W. Burr : AVisconsin, J. Davidson.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
Arkansas, 1; California, 1; Colorado, 8 ; Connecticut, 8; Da-
kota, 6 ; Delaware, 3 ; Illinois, 24 ; Indiana, 18 ; Iowa, 19 ; Kan-
sas, 23 ; Kentucky, 4; Maine, 9 ; Maryland, 5 ; Massachusetts, 18 ;
Michigan, 17; Minnesota, 10; Missouri, 13; Nebraska, 14; New
Hampshire, 10 ; New Jersey, 11 ; New York, 32 ; Ohio, 29 ; Ore-
gon, 1; Pennsylvania, 40 ; Potomac, 9 ; Rhode Island, 2 ; Tennes-
see and Georgia, 4; Vermont, 5 ; Virginia, 3 ; Wisconsin 13 ; West
Virginia, 1; AVashington Territory, 1. Total, 32 Departments ;
362 Department Officers and Representatives.
Commander-in-Chief Beath then read his address, reviewing
the work of the year. He had made official visits to seventeen
Departments, attended the unveiling of the Soldiers Monu-
ment at Buffiilo, New York, on July 4th, and, with the officers of
the Woman's Relief Corps, had visited the Soldiers Home, at
Chelsea, Massachusetts.
He recommended that other Departments follow the lead of
Massachusetts, New York and California, and, by appropriate leg-
islation, secure Homes for the homeless.
That all our sick, destitute and unfortunate comrades might be gathered from
their own poor homes, or from Almshouses, and, as the wards of a grateful people,
thus spend their remaining days in peace and comfort, surrounded by all that broth-
erly love or pjitriotic solicitude could suggest or provide, assured that when the inevi-
table end should come, they would be given the honors of a soldier's funeral, and
would not fill part of a pauper's grave..
90,500 membership badges had been issued during the year. Through the kind
courtesy and attention of Hon. Robert T. Lincoln, Secretary of War, and General
Stephen V. Benet, over ten thousand pounds of captured cannon-metal had been se-
sured for the manufacture of badges.
DIGEST OF DECISIONS.
Comrade Jas. R. Carnahan, Indiana, Past Judge-Advocate General, had, during
the year, compiled a complete digest of decisions upon the Rules and Regulations, and
was entitled to the thanks of the National Encampment for the able manner in which
he liad discharged the laborious task.
Administration of Kobert B. Beath. 211
WOMAN S RELIEF CORPS.
Having visited National Headquarters of the Woman's Relief Corps, to ascertain
if there was any aid the Grand Array could give in the prosecution of their work, he
had been impressed with the fact that they had, in themselves, the ability and re-
sources to carry out the details of the organization, and that they most needed the
expression of our hearty appreciation of their work, and of sympathy in their objects.
Comrades who doubted the wisdom of our taking any action last year, will soon
see that this Woman's Relief Corps is to be our Grand Army Reserve, ready to re-
spond for efficient help in all our social and charitable work.
As we grow older, and as our ranks shall become thinned, we shall be drawn more
closely together. We shall cultivate the fraternal features of the organization more
and more, and here again the loyal women are to be our efficient helpers; our wives
and daughters and other friends are to enjoy with us the pleasures that mean so much
to ourselves— the re-unions of men who fought under the old flag nearly a quarter
of a century ago.
SONS OP VETERANS.
The Commander-in-Chief had no recommendations to make relative to the Sons
of Veterans, further than that we should insist on the abrogation of the many high-
sounding titles they have distributed with lavish profusion, and that they be required
to wear a uniform that will not be confounded with that of the G. A. R.
THE PENSION OFFICE.
At the request of the Commissioner of Pensions, Comrade W. W. Dudley,
Posts of the G A. R. had been called upon to furnish the Pension Office with the
name and address of each member, with Company and Regiment, or vessel, for
filing for reference in that Department.
These cards had already been of great service in the settlement of long pending
claims.
SPECIAL RELIEF.
In October a call had been issued for help for the sufferers by yellow fever in Pen-
sacola. More money had been subscribed than was needed for the purpose. Assist-
ance had been tendered for sufferers by the heavy floods in Indiana, but the officers
of the Department replied that they would rely altogether upon their own Posts.
NATIONAL TRIBUNE.
During the year the National Tribune had sent out over 250 applications for char-
ters, in response to requests of its readers. Fifty-six of such applications had been
returned with the fees to National Headquarters, and others were sent direct to the
proper Departments.
POLITICS.
Several complaints had been received of improper references to the G. A. R. at
public meetings and in the columns of the Press, but no evidence had been presented
that any comrade had violated our Rules on this subject. It was suggested, however,
that the wearing of the badge at political meetings was in bad taste.
PENSION LEGISLATION.
Reference was made, at length, to the opposition of some Posts to the legislation
by the National Encampment upon the subject of Pensions, and he urged the Encamp-
276 Gkand Army of the Republic.
mcnt to consider whether Posts should thus array themselves against the action taken
by their representatives, and so imperil legislation for the disabled and for the widows
and other dependent relatives of the dead.
Junior Yice-Commauder-in-Cliief Walter H. Holmes presented
an encouraging report of the outlook of the Order in California,
Oregon and Washington Territory. He referred to the Post in
Honolulu, which has made its influence most potently felt for
good, and has won a name for charitable deeds, and for loyal and
earnest work, that called forth the warm plaudits of native and
foreigner alike, and the hearty recognition of the King, who, on
last Memorial Day, accompanied by the Royal Gentlemen of his
Suite, paid sacred tribute of respect to " Our Soldier Dead " who
lie entombed in that far-off foreign clime, and over whose graves
the comrades of George W. De Long Post strewed their floral of-
ferings in loving remembrance.
A large and commodious " Veterans' Home " had been estab-
lished at Yountville, California. Nearly ^iOjOOO had been raised
through that Department for this Home.
REPORTS OF STAFF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General John M. Vanderslice presented a report
showing :
Members in good standing March 31, 1883 146,183
Gained by muster-in 105,055
" Transfer 3,957
" Reinstatement 15,311
Total gain 124,333
Aggregate 270,506
Loss by deaths during the year 1,897
Honorable discharge 159
" Transfer 5,884
" Suspension 28,801
Dishonorable discharge 170
Total loss 36,911
Members in good standing March 31, 1884 233,595
Membership reported June 30, 1884 253,895
Number of Posts, March 31, 1883 2^575
" 31, 1HS4 4,325
Net gain in membership during the year 87,412
" " Posts 1,748
Amount expended for relief $153,364.30
Number of members of the G. A. R. relieved 6,324
others 2,513
The amount rejjorted as expended for relief does not properly represent the
ainount actually expended, as many Po.'^ts are not particular in this respect, and some
make no report of the amount expended in charity.
Administration of Robert B. Beath. 277
A consolidated report was given of membership by Depart-
ments for each year, from 1873, and also of representation by De-
partments in the National Encampment, from 1866.
During the year the following Permanent Departments were
organized :
Utah. — Embracing Utah, Montana and Idaho ; organized,
October 19, 1883. Tennessee and Georgia. — Embracing Tennes-
see, Georgia and Alabama ; organized, February 26, 1884. Gulf.
— Embracing Louisiana, Texas and Mississippi ; organized. May
15, 1884. Florida.— Organized June 19, 1884.
The Provisional Department of Florida had been discontinued,
and, principally through the exertions of Comrade B. F. Stearns,
had been afterward organized as a Permanent Department.
All Provisional Departments had been formed into Permanent
Departments. He recommended that no other Provisional De-
partments be formed, but Posts in any other States or Territories
report direct to National Headquarters.
Quartermaster-General John Taylor reported net cash receipts,
including balance previously reported, $68,285.70; disbursements,
54,987.15 ; cash balance, $13,298.55.
$3,593.72 had been received for the Pensacola Fund, and only
$600 had been called for, the quarantine having been raised, and
no further assistance required. Part of this fund, to the amount
of $1,500, had been used for the relief of sufferers by the heavy
floods in Ohio, Kentucky, West Virginia and Western Pennsyl-
vania, and $190.11 returned to Departments, leaving the balance
in this Special Relief Fund, $1,292.71. He recommended a further
reduction in the price of supplies to decrease profits and avoid ac-
cumulating larger cash balances.
Inspector-General Charles A. Santmyer made a thorough re-
port of the condition of each Department.
Judge-Advocate-General William Vandever reported the opin-
ions given during the year upon questions submitted.
The Executive Committee of the Council of Administration
presented a complete and interesting report upon the manufacture
of membership badges {Journal, 1884, pp. 86-92), showing from
what sources the captured gun-metal had been received, which
had been used in compliance with the rules on this siibject.
They recommended that the Rules and Regulations be amended,
278 Grand Army of the Republic.
forbiilding the wearing of any other membership badge than that
obtained through tlie proper channels from National Headquar-
ters, and that Posts be required to present a badge to each recruit
at the time of muster, and to add the cost thereof to the muster
fee.
The report was unanimously adopted.
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On the Address of the Commander-in-Chief : — R. S. Robertson,
Indiana ; Thomas E, Barker, Massachusetts ; 8. B. Home, Con-
necticut ; E. E. Ewing, Ohio ; W. W. Berry, Illinois.
On Rules and Regulations : — H. B. Peirce, Massachusetts ; H
E. Taintor, Connecticut ; C. V. R. Pond, Michigan ; H. M. Nevius,
New Jersey ; A. B. Valentine, Vermont.
On Ritual and Services (relieving the Committee on Rules,
Regulations, and Ritual from considering proposed changes in
Ritvial) : — Ben. D. House, Indiana ; D. Lanning, Ohio ; J. L.
AVheeler, New Jersey ; F. M. Smith, Maryland ; A. J. Sellers, Penn-
sylvania.
On the Report of the Adjutant-General : — A. P. Pease, Mis-
souri ; C. C, Royce, Potomac ; D. Horace Holman, Maine ; W. B.
Shockley, Kansas ; Geo. B. Squires, New York.
On the Report of the Quartermaster-General : — Samuel A. Har-
per, Illinois ; AY. W. Walker, Maryland ; B. L. Carr, Colorado ;
F. E. Brown, Nebraska ; L. Travers, Rhode Island.
On the Report of the Inspector-General : — Charles T. Clark,
Ohio ; A. E. Emery, New Hampshire ; Phil. Cheek, Jr., Wiscon-
sin; W. L. Culbertson, Iowa ; H. G. Hicks, Minnesota.
On Resolutions : — S. S. Burdett, Potomac ; Ben. D. House, In-
diana ; John Palmer, New York ; Thomas H. Barnes, Arkansas ;
W. H. Holmes, California ; A. P. Curry, Colorado ; J. D. Plunkett,
Connecticut ; W. S. McNair, Delaware ; R. W. McClaughry, Illi-
nois ; Lot Abraham, Iowa ; J. W. Feighan, Kansas ; W. H. Har-
ton, Kentucky ; Benjamin Williams, Maine ; L. P. Henninhausen,
^faryland ; James F. Meech, Massachusetts ; Rush J. Shank,
Micliigan ; C, G. Edwards, Minnesota; H. C. McDougall, Mis-
souri ; Jolin C. Linehan, New Hampshire ; Joseph R. Van Syckle,
New Jersey ; S. H. Hurst, Ohio ; B. B. Tuttle, Oregon ; A. C.
Administration of Robert B. Beath. 279
Reinoehl, Pennsylvania ; A. K. McMahon, Rhode Island ; N. P.
Bowman, Vermont ; B. C. Cook, Virginia ; E. M. Bartlett, AVis-
consin ; W. I. Marshall, Tennessee and Georgia ; S. J. Alexander,
Nebraska ; C. F. Shaw, AVest Virginia ; I. E. West, Dakota.
REPORTS OF committees.
1
ON NATIONAL HOMES.
Comrade William Warner, chairman of the committee ap-
pointed at the preceding Encampment, to petition Congress to
establish a Soldiers' Home west of the Mississippi, reported that
they had fully accomplished the purpose for which they had been
appointed. The committee consisted of Comrades William War-
ner, Missouri ; Theo. Wiseman, Kansas ; H. E. Palmer, Nebraska ;
John Lindt, Iowa ; and Theo. F. Brown, Nebraska. Comrade
Brown was unable to visit Washington, and his place was filled
by Albion P. Pease, Missouri.
Section 5 of the bill, as passed, provided :
That all honorably discharged soldiers and sailors who served in the war of the
rebellion, and the volunteer soldiers and sailors of the war of eighteen hundred and
twelve, and of the Mexican War, who are disabled by age, disease or otherwise, and
by reason of such disability are incapable of earning a living, shall be admitted into
the home for disabled volunteer soldiers, provided such disability was not incurred
in service against the United States.
Prior to this time sailors had been debarred from the privi-
leges of these Homes, and all applicants had been required to
prove that their disabilities were incurred in the service. Under
this bill all disabled soldiers and sailors are entitled to admission,
whether their disabilities were incurred in the service or since
discharge.
This Home has since been established at Leavenworth, Kan-
sas. The bill was more liberal and beneficial in all its provisions
than any previously passed.
PENSIONS.
The Committeee on Pensions presented a majority report and
a minority report. The majority of the committee favored legis-
lation for pensions to survivors of rebel prisons suffering from
disability without requiring proof that such disability was actu-
ally incurred in the service.
280 Grand Army of the Republic.
The minority report favored pensions for all ex-prisoners-of-
Avar, Avhetlier disabled or not.
The committee also opposed legislation for the issue of land
warrants to soldiers and sailors, without the occupancy of the land
required under the laws, and from this the minority dissented.
The subject was ably and exhaustively debated, and the majority
report was adopted.
Report of Committee on Address of Commander-in-Chief R.
B. Beath :
The showing made of the substantial increase in membership during the past
year, and of the excellent financial condition of the Order, are sufficient evidences of
the executive ability of the Comraandcr-in-Cliief, and entitle him to commendation
for the energy, skill and ability he has brought to bear for the advancement of the
interests of the Grand Army during his administration, and also demonstrate that he
is worthy to rank among the most worthy and able of his predecessors in off.ce.
We concur in his recommendation that Departments assume the expense of in-
spections, and thus relieve Posts therefrom.
We especially call attention to that portion of liis address which relates to the his-
tory of the manufacture of badges, and heartily commend his action in relation to
the same
We desire to commend the action of the Commander-in-Chief in causing the pub-
lication for general distribution, of the ably prepared digest of Comrade J. R. Cak-
NAHAN, thus placing within the reach of every Post, a knowledge of the law which
governs our Order, and we recommend to Post officers, a careful study of the same.
That well regulated camp-tires, or Grand Army social entertainments, conducted
with a view^ of interesting the communities in which the Posts are located, are benefi-
cial both to the Posts and communities, we think is a well established fact ; but we are
of opinion that a proper regard for the Sabbath should be observed, so that no oifense
may be given to that portion of our people wlio followed our marches and our battles
with their prajers, and gave us substantial aid in the days of our dire necessities,
through that noble band familiar to all of us as the Christian Commission.
We therefore connnend the recommindation of the Commander-in-Chief upon
this subject, and urge Posts to cultivate friendly relations with their people through
this medium.
We are of the opinion that his course of referring to the Encampment the ques-
tion of aid to homes for Confederate veterans, before acting upon the request for aid,
was wise and prudent, as we believe tliat although one of the great tenets of our Order
is charity we would not be teaching another, that of Loyalty to the Union by making
the Grand Army a medium for that kind of charity.
Whatever individual Posts or individual members may consider their duty in this
direction, and thus do " for sweet charity's sake," is a question which concerns none
but themselves and the beneficiaries of their charity, but we are opposed to aid of
tliis kind on the part of the Grand Army as a National body, and prefer that Posts
and individuals be left to use their own discretion as to giving aid to the unfortunate
survivors of the " lost cause," toward whom wc feel no bitterness, but only pity and
eliarital)1e consideration.
That part of the Com ;nander-in Chiefs address relating to the Woman's National
Administration of Robert B. Beath. 281
Relief Corps, gives evidence of the wisdom of the action of the last Annual Encamp-
ment, in recognizing their efforts as a worthy band of co-laborers in our charitable
work; and we extend to them our hearty congratulations on the growth and success
of their organization, and we bid them God-speed in their noble undertaking.
We are of the opinion that the admonition to guard against the introduction of
political questions in any meeting of the Grand Army is timely, and should be care-
fully observed in letter and spirit, so that no one may give offense to any comrade
who may differ with him in political sentiment, but not in the sentiments which
should alone govern our fraternal intercourse, the sentiments of " Fraternity, Charity
and Loyalty.''
If the Grand Army is to stand sponsor for the Order of the Sons of Veterans, we
are of the opinion that such action should be taken as will harmonize the apparent
distinction between the " Sons of Veterans of the U. S. of A.," and the " Sons of Vet-
erans," and we are opposed to the idea of admitting to the privileges of the Order,
only the eldest son and his descendants, and also to the conferring of higher military
titles upon the children of veterans, than were attained by hosts of gallant veteran sires,
who earned their titles and honors upon the bloody fields of the Rebellion. We
should either formulate their ritual, or divorce their Order from ours.
We are glad to be able to heartily concur with the Commander-in-Chief in his
suggestions in regard to pension legislation, and recommend that all petitions and
resolutions by Posts, upon the subject of pension legislation, be required to be for-
warded to National Headquarters, through Department Headquarters, for the infor-
mation of the National Committee on Pensions, believing that the greatest good to
the greatest number will accrue from such a regulation. Organized effort in the right
direction may often be defeated by indiscriminate and sometimes hasty and ill-judged
separate action.
In the opinion of this committee, this Order has too long been made to pose as a
supplicant for unequal recognition by demanding equal consideration for the maimed
and the unmaimed; the broken-down soldier and the robust survivor. The beneficent
bounty of the Government should not be looked upon as a matter of .spoils, but a
staff upon which the decrepit soldier may lean. With the Commander-in-Chief, we
heartily approve of united action, and moderate demands, and that reason and jus-
lice should not be ignored in what we do and ask.
That the Nation, saved by the heroism and patriotism of its soldiers and sailors,
has entered upon a plane of prosperity never before attained, and that its trea.sury is
full and overflowing, should not be made the pretext for schemes to deplete it, in the
name of the heroes whose glory it is that they saved the nation.
What is just in the matter of equalization of bounties has been too long ignored.
The soldier who enlisted at the beginning of the war, and fought in all the battles of
his command, is surely entitled to no less consideration than the recruit who entered
near its close, while the disparity between the meagreness of the bounty of the one
and the lavish endovrments of the other, has never ceased to bear the brand of shame-
ful injustice, and to this we would once more, not vainly, we hope, call the attention
of our law-makers.
We desire to express the thanks of the Committee to the Commander-in-Chief for
the clear, full and terse suggestions and points made in liis address, which served to
lighten to a considerable degree, the labors of the Committee, and enabled us to con-
cur in all his recommendations, whether herein specially mentioned or not.
In order to carry out these suggestions and recommendations, we recommend the
adoption of the following:
Resolved, That the Council of Administration be instructed to cause a suitable testi-
282 Grand Army of the Republic.
monial to be procured and presented to the Commander-in-Chief, as a token of our
recognition of his eminent services in bclialf of the Grand Army.
Resolred, That hereafter the various Departments bo requested to assume and paj''
the expenses of the inspections required by the Rules and Regulations.
Resolved, That all petitions, resolutions and memorials by Posts, in regard to pen-
sion legislation, be required to be forwarded to National Headquarters, through the
Department Headquarters, and that Posts be forbidden to make separate and indepen-
dent applications to Congress, for legislation upon the subject of pensions.
Resolred, That in accordance with the recommendation of the Commander-in-
Chief, the thanks of the Encampment are due and are hereby extended to Comrade
Cariiahan, for his faithful services in preparing the digest of the laws governing the
Grand Army.
The report of the committee was adopted unanimously.
On Eeport of Adjutant-General John M. Vanderslice :
We most heartily concur in his recommendation, that in future the organization
of Provisional Departments be abandoned, and that Posts established in any State or
Territory, not having a departmental organization, report directly to National Head-
quarters.
We also feel the force of his remarks concerning the embarrassment provoked by
the careless and causeless delay and neglect, by the Post and Department Otiicers, in
forwarding their returns and reports within tlie specified period. Some legislation
should be enacted, if any such be possible, that will secure greater uniformity and
promptness in this regard.
The danger of loss and destruction of the records by the yearly migration of Na-
tional Headquarters, is a matter deserving serious consideration, but the practicabilit}^
of establishing any place as permanent Headquarters, is a question upon which the
committee does not feel free to make any recommendation.
The Coniniittee cannot close their report without commenting upon the manner in
which the duties of Adjutant-General have been performed by the present incumbent.
Tlie faitlifulness and efficiency with which Comrade J. M. Vandekslice lias per-
formed the duties of his office are worthy of the highest and most public recogni-
tion. The table contained in his report, showing the strength of each Department
for the past twelve years, has involved an amount f)f laborious research and compilaliou
of the old records and reports, such as one who is not familiar witli the un-uniformity
and inconsistencies of such reports will be entirely unal)le to ai)preciate.
There are other features of the report which an; indicative of the tireless industry
and zeal in the performance of his official labors, which has invariably characterized
(he conduct of Comrade Vanderslice throughout the many years of his active service
in the Grand Army of the Republic, and your committee earnestly recommend that
a suitable testimonial be prepared, and presented to him, as a token of the apprecia-
tion in which his services are held by this Encampment.
On Report of (Quartermaster-General John Taylor :
We have examined the books of account of the Quart erma.stcr-General, and find
them correct.
We most cordially endorse the various recommendations of the Quartermaster-
Administration of Eobert B. Beatii. 283
General, and trust that this Encampment will instruct the Council of Administration
to carry the same into effect.
We take great pleasure in congratulating the Order, upon the faithful and eflacient
services rendered by Comrade John Taylor, Quartermaster-General, and recom-
mend the adoption of his report.
On Eeport of Inspector-General C. A. Santmyer :
Your Committee on the Report of the Inspector- General having made a careful
examination of the printed report, and also of the tabular statement and annexed pa-
pers, most heartily commend the same as furnishing in compact spa e and convenient
form for reference, a large amount of valuable information, conclusively testifying to
the fidelity and ability of the Inspector-General and his several assistants.
We concur in the opinion that some change ought to be made in the form of blanks
to be used for the inspection of Posts, but the Rules and Regulations give the Inspector-
General and Commander-in-Chief full authority in the premises.
We also concur in the views of the Inspector-General as to the importance of fre-
quent and thorough inspections, especially in those Departments that have made large
gains in membership in recent years.
We recommend that the question of semi-annual inspections be left to the discre-
tion of the several Department Commanders.
RULES, REGULATIONS, AND RITUAL.
The Committee reported on all the propositions submitted.
The principal change recommended was the provision for the
election of Trustees in Posts. Sec. 9, Art. 8, Chapter 2.
REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS.
Whereas, It has pleased the Grand Commander of the Army above to remove from
our midst, since the last National Encampment, Comrade George Bowers, of
Nashua, New Hampshire, Past Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, a veteran of the
Mexican War, and the war for the suppression of the Rebellion, who had done valiant
work for the Grand Army of the Republic;
Resolved. That the National Encampment tenders to the family of the deceased
comrade, their heartfelt sympathy for the great loss they have sustained.
Upon the proposition that the Encampment endorse the Grand
Army of the Republic Veterans' Rights Union, in its purposes of
enforcing the United States Statute Laws, in the preferment, for
Government service, of the honorably discharged soldier, sailor,
or marine, and acknowledges the importance of the Union,
284: Grand Army of the Republic.
throughout the United States, as established in Pennsylvania and
New York, they report :
That the dedarcd objects of the organization referred to may be safely approved,
as they are, among others, the object of attention of the Grand Army of the Repub-
lic, but the committee doubt the expediency of any formal recognition of other socie-
ties or orde-s, and therefore recommend that the resolution lie on the table.
The Committee recommend the adoption of the resolution of
Comrade D. S. Alexander, viz. :
That it is the sense of this Encampment that Section 1754, Revised Statutes, which
provides that " persons honorably discharged from the military or naval service, by
reason of disability resulting from wounds or sickness, incurred in the line of duty,
shall be preferred for appointments to civil offices, provided they are found to possess
the business capacity necessary for the proper discharge of the duties of such offices,"
not only applies to original appointments, but to promotions from one grade of clerk-
ships to another, as set forth in the letter of the Secretary of the Treasury, of date,
February 13, 1884. addressed to the Collector of Customs at New York.
Resolved, That in the action taken by the Honorable Charles .J. Folger, Secretary
of the Treasury, we recognize an lionest effort by a faithful officer, to give effect to
a statute which, since its enactment, has been large in promise and little in perform-
ance.
That the giving of balls, the holding of camp-fires, picnics, excursions, or other
form of public amusements on Memoriai, Day, by Posts of the Grand Army of the
KL'public, is violative of both the spirit and the declared purposes of the day, and is
hereby condemned.
Tluit it is the sense of this Encampment that demonstrations of a public character
on Sunday, by the Grand Army of the Republic (except only for purposes provided by
the Ritual), are improper and are hereby discouraged.
That the giving of the Regulation Badge to persons unauthorized to wear it, is
impolitic, productive of evil to the Order, and is emphatically condemned.
Resolution of Comrade Chill AY. Hazzard, Pa. :
That the Council of Administration ask for designs for a small pin or button, that
may be worn and acknowledged as a mark of membership, and when a design is of-
fered that meets its approval, the same .shall be promulgated in Orders, and become
a recognized l)adge under such regulations as may be deemed advisable by the Com-
mander-in-Chief and Council of Administration.
That the restrictions governing the sale of the regulation Grand Anny badge shall
apply to the sale of the miniature badge suggested by the resolution of Comrade C.
W. Hazzard, of Pennsylvania, and the same shall be copyrighted in the name of the
Grand Army of the Republic. See Chapter on Badges.
Coraratle Davis of New York :
Whereon, By the rules and regulations of some cemeteries and religious bodies,
the interment of comrades of the Grand Army with military honors and with tlie per-
formance of tlie last rites of the Grand Army, is prohibited: and Whereas, We believe
Administkation or Robert B. Beath. 285
that through a proper explanation of the mission of the Grand Army of the Republic,
all objection thereto may be removed ; therefore Resolved, That the Commanders of
the several Departments be requested to communicate with the heads of the various re-
ligious denominations in their jurisdictions, requesting the removal of such prohibi-
tion, and requesting that we may be permitted to inter our comrades with all the
honors of our Order.
A resolution approving the objects of the Sons of Veterans,
•was referred to a special committee to consider the whole subject
and report at the next Encampment ; consisting of Louis AVagner,
Pennsylvania ; Ira M. Hedges, New York ; John D. Billings, Mas-
sachusetts ; H. P. Lloyd, Ohio ; L. L Dickason, Illinois ; Edwin
Nicar, Indiana ; H. W. Pond, Kansas ; Rush J. Shank, Michigan ;
W. F. Chamberlain, Missouri ; H. M. Nevius, New Jersey ; John
C. Linehan, New Hampshire ; Frank M. Smith, Maryland ; Benj.
Williams, Maine.
The report of the Committee was adopted.
RESOLUTIONS OF THANKS.
Comrade William Warner offered the following :
Resolved, By the Comrades of the 18th National Encampment of the Grand Army
of the Republic in convention assembled, that we fully 9,ppreciate the munificent, and
what is better, the hearty treatment we and the visiting comrades have received at the
hands of the comrades and citizens of the state of Minnesota, and especially the gen-
erous hospitality that has welcomed us at every turn, during our delightful stay in the
city of Minneapolis, by its good citizens.
Resolved, That a committee be appointed, of which the Commander-in-Chief shall
be chairman, to prepare a set of resolutions that shall properly express our gratitude
and appreciation; that said resolutions shall be prepared in triplicate and appropri-
ately engrossed, and the Governor of Minnesota, the Mayor of the city of Minneapolis
and the Department Commander of Minnesota, each be furnished with a copy of said
resolutions, so engrossed.
The resolution was unanimously adopted.
Committee : — Comrades Wm. AVarner, H. A. Barnum, J. R.
Carnahan, J. W. Burst, S. S. Burdett, T. J. Anderson and Com-
mander-in-Chief R. B. Beath.
The Committee afterwards performed this duty by presenting
the testimonials ordered by the Encampment, at a large public
meeting held in Minneapolis.
The testimonials to the State and city were beautifully en-
grossed and handsomely framed ; that to the State reading as
follows :
286 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty.
The Grand Army of the Republic in the Eighteenth Annual Session of the Na-
tional Encampment, assembled at Minneapolis, Minnesota, July 23, 24 and 25. 1884,
desire to express in this rminner their giateful ajipreciation of the mimiticent hospital-
ity of the people of Minnesota, extended on every hand to them and to their comrades
and friends in attendance at this reunion. For the first time gathered in the great North-
west, in a State that has developed such wonderful resources, adding so greatly to the
wealth and prosperity of the nation, we were made more than welcome, and citizens
have vied with the public authorities in making our stay pleasant and memorable.
Therefore it is unanimously
Resolved, That a committee be appointed to convey to the people of Minnesota,
through the honored Executive of the State, His Excellency, Grovernor L. F. Hub-
bard, the earnest thanks of the Grand Army of the Republic.
The testimonial to the city read as follows :
Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty.
At the Eighteenth Annual Session of the National Encampment of the Grand
Army of the Republic, held in the city of Minneapolis, July 23, 24 and 25, 1884, it
was unanimously
Resolved, That in cordial appreciation of the many evidences of generous welcome
shown in the decoration of public and private buildings, the reception and attention
given by the ofilcials of the city, and the open-hearted hospitality extended by the cit-
izens to the ex-soldiers and sailors of the Union, in attendance at the Encampment,
the hearty thanks of the Grand Army of the Republic should be conveyed to the peo-
ple of Minneapolis, through its esteemed representative, Tlis Honor the Mayor, George
A. PiLLSBURY, whose personal attention and kindness will also be long remembered
by the participants of this our largest Encampment and Reunion.
Signed by the Committee on Testimonials.
JOHN S. KOUNTZ,
W. W. ALCORN, Commander-in-Chief.
Adjutant-General.
For the Department of Minnesota it was deemed more appro-
priate to change the form of Testimonial to some object more di-
rectly identified with our organization. The Committee selected a
large sized Grand Army badge, cast from a model originally made
for the Soldiers and Sailors Monument at Germantown, Pennsyl-
vania. The badge proper is entirely from captured cannon-metal
furnished by National Headquarters for this purpose. It was
handsomely framed with a back-ground of red velvet ; the in-
scription, engraved on a cannon-metal plate, reading :
Presented to the Department of Minnesota, Grand Army of the Republic, Comrade
E. V. Babh, Conunaiider, by the National Kncanipnicnt, for fraternal courtesies re-
ceived at the Eighteenth Annual Session, held at Minneapolis, July 23-25, 1884.
Administration of Egbert B. Beath. 287
relief of comrade johnson.
Comrade Tanner called attention to tlie fact that Comrade
Jolinson, who had come from Dakota to take part in this reunion,
had met with a severe accident requiring the amputation of one of
his legs ; that the comrade had a wife and three little children ; was
in poor circumstances, and this was an excellent opportunity for
the exercise of practical charity. He moved that $500 be appro-
priated for the benefit of the comrade. This resolution was
adopted, and Comrade H. P. Lloyd, of Ohio, in seconding the mo-
tion, said the delegation from Ohio would add $100. Immediately
a number of comrades endeavored to obtain recognition of the
chair to announce subscriptions on behalf of their Departments,
the whole summing up as follows :
National Encampment, $500; Ohio, $250; New York, $293.50
Comrade William Warner, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, $25
Pennsylvania, $250 ; individual subscriptions of delegates, $50
Comrade W. D. Saphar, Philadelphia, $10 ; Illinois, $250 ; Iowa,
$100 ; Kansas, $100 ; New Jersey, $55 ; Khode Island, $50 ; Com-
rade T. W. Manchester, Providence, $25 ; Missouri, $100 ; Mas-
sachusetts, $100 ; Nebraska, $50 ; Potomac, $50 ; Vermont, $50 ;
Oregon, $50 ; Wisconsin, $50 ; New Mexico, Comrade Fitzgerrell,
$10 ; Maryland, $25 ; Minnesota, $50 ; Indiana, $100 ; Virginia,
$25 ; West Virginia, $25 ; Tennessee, $25 ; New Hampshire, $50 ;
Kentucky, $25 ; Connecticut, $50 ; Arkansas, $25 ; Colorado, $25 ;
Maine, $25 ; Michigan, $100 ; cash contributions, $21.50 ; Dakota,
$200 ; total, $3,190.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The following officers were elected :
Commander-in-Chief, John S. Kountz, Toledo, Ohio.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, John P. Rea, Minneapolis,
Minnesota.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Ira E. Hicks, Bridgeport,
Connecticut.
Surgeon-General, W. D. Hall, Altoona, Pennsylvania.
Chaplain-in-Chief, T. M. Shanafelt, Three Rivers, Michigan.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
Arkansas, Thomas H. Barnes ; California, Walter H. Holmes ;
Colorado, C. D. Hoskins ; Connecticut, Fred. A. Spencer ; Dela-
288 Grand Army of the Republic.
ware, AV. H, Purnoll ; Dakota, John B. Dennis ; Florida, B. F.
Stearns ; Gulf, A. S. Badger ; Illinois, AV. W. Berry ; Indiana, D.
P. Hammond ; Iowa, Jolm K. Deal ; Kansas, H. L. Millard ; Ken-
tucky, Samuel T. Jack ; Maine, Frank W. Haskell ; Maryland, ^\.
O. Saville ; Massachusetts, Henry B. Peirce ; Micliigan, Samuel
Wells ; Minnesota, W. P. Roberts ; Missouri, J. S. Sterrett ; Ne-
braska, J. O. West ; New Hampshire, Daniel B. Newhall ; New
Jersey, Joseph R. Yan Syckle ; New Mexico, J. J. Fitzgerrell ; New
York, Herman F. Fox ; Ohio, J. J. Sullivan ; Oregon, B. B. Tuttle ;
Pennsylvania, Samuel HarjDer ; Potomac, John Cameron ; Rhode
Island, William J. Bradford ; Tennessee and Georgia, Edward S.
Jones ; Utah, F. AV. Bishop ; Yermont, L. F. Terrill ; Yirginia, H.
B. Clay ; Washington Territory, A. McMickin ; AA'est Yirginia, H.
Y. Daniels ; Wisconsin, Philip Cheek, Jr.
The installation of officers was performed in the presence of
the officers and members of the Woman's Relief Corps, and the
officers of the Woman's Relief Corps were then installed by Mrs.
E. Florence Barker, the retiring National President.
Addresses were made by General Sherman, Mrs. Kate B. Sher-
wood, National President, Chill AA^. Hazzard, Pennsylvania, J. W.
Hector, Pennsylvania, William Warner, Missouri.
Commander-in-Chief Kountz appointed as the Pension Com-
mittee for the ensuing year :
S. S. Burdett, Potomac ; Louis Wagner, Pennsylvania ; Geo.
S. Merrill, Massachusetts ; C. H. Grosvenor, Ohio ; James Tanner,
New York ; John C. Linehan, New Hampshire; O. R. McNarry,
Kansas.
RE-UNION PROCEEDINGS.
A large Camp liad been located near the city, designated Camp
Beath, where several thousand comrades enjoyed themselves
camping out. An informal reception was held at the Camp under
the management of Major B. R. Henderson, of the local com-
mittee.
Governor Lucius Hubbard, a Minnesota soldier, extended a
cordial welcome on behalf of the people of Minnesota. His ad-
dress was responded to by Commander-in-Chief Beath. Mayor
Geo. A. Pillsbury extended a welcome on behalf of the citizens of
Administration of Eobert B. Beath. 289
Minneapolis, which was appropriately responded to by Senior
Vice-Commander-in-Chief Warner.
Addresses were also made by Department-Commander E. C.
Babb, Past Department- Commander H. G. Hicks, General Chas. H.
Grosvenor, Ohio, General William H. Gibson, Ohio, Paul Van
Der Voort, Past Commander-in-Chief.
In the evening a grand Camp-fire was held at the main stand of
the Fair Grounds, where speeches were made by General S. S.
Burdett, Potomac, Governor J. M. Rusk, Wisconsin, General W
H. Gibson, Ohio, General John A. Logan, General Lucius Fair-
child.
On Wednesday there was a large parade, participated in by
the regular troops stationed at Fort Snelling, Minnesota, State
Troops, and Posts and delegations of the Grand Army of the Re-
jjublic, Captain D. M. Gilmore, Grand Marshal.
The Flambeau Club of Topeka, Kansas, gave one of their mag-
nificent pyrotechnical displays and drills in the evening, in the
presence of not less than fifty thousand people.
19
CHAPTER XXIII.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF JOHN S. KOUNTZ—
NINETEENTH ANNUAL SESSION, PORTLAND, MAINE, JUNE 24,
1885.
Commander-in-Chief Kountz establislied Headquarters in
Toledo, Ohio, and appointed the following staflf :
Adjutant-General, W. W. Alcorn, Ohio.
Quartermaster-General, John Taylor, Pennsylvania.
Inspector-General, Oscar A. Janes, Michigan.
Judge-Advocate-General, D. K. Austin, Ohio.
Assistant Adjutant-General, P. H. Dowling, Ohio.
Commander-in-Chief Kountz was the youngest comrade elected
to this position. He was born in Ohio, March 25, 1846, and was
but fifteen and a half years of age when he enlisted as a drummer
in Company G, 37th Ohio Vols.
In the battle of Mission Ridge, November 25, 1863, he threw
away his drum, seized a musket, and joined his company as it was
advancing to the assault, and was so severely wounded as to
require the amputation of his leg. He was mustered out by
reason of this disability, April 25, 1864.
When but 25 years of age he was elected County Treasurer of
Lucas county, Ohio, and was afterwards County Recorder.
He has built up a large Fire Insurance business in Toledo.
Was a charter-member of Forsyth Post No. 15, Toledo, on its
organization in 1866 ; served three terms as Adjutant and three
terms as Commander of the Post ; also served in several positions
in the Department, and, as Department Commander in 1881,
achieved great success in recruiting that Department.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief John P. Rea. See Com-
mander-in-Chief, Chapter XXVI.
Captain Ira E. Hicks, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, en-
listed September 9, 1861, in the 7th Connecticut Volunteer Infan-
[290J
Administration of John S. Kountz. 291
try, and served with that regiment principally in the Tenth Army
Corps, as Second Lieutenant, First Lieutenant and Captain,
Became a charter-member of Post No. 11, New Britain, Con-
necticut, and served five years as Post-Commander. Has also
served in the Department as Inspector, Junior and Senior Vice-
Commander and Department Commander.
Kev. T. M. Shanafelt, D. D,, Chaplain-in-Chief, was born in
Clarion, Pennsylvania, April 30, 1840. Was graduated from Buck-
nell College, 1861, and enlisted that year in the 28th Pennsylvania
Infantry, serving until 1865. Was ordained in the Baptist minis-
try in 1865. In 1879, he joined Post 38, East Saginaw, Michigan,
and served as Chaplain, Afterwards transferred to Post 72, in
which he also served as Chaplain.
Dr. W, D, Hall, Surgeon-General, entered the three months
service, April 18, 1861, as a Private in Company K, 17th Pennsyl-
vania Vols, At the expiration of this term, enlisted as a Private
in Company C, Ist New York (Lincoln) Cavalry, Promoted Cor-
poral, Sergeant, First Sergeant and Second Lieutenant. Brevetted
First Lieutenant for gallant services at Dinwiddle Court House,
March 31, 1865, and as Captain, April 6, 1865, by General G. A.
Custer.
Joined Post 114, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, in 1869. Kemoved to
Altoona, Pennsylvania, and joined Post 62, in which he served in
various offices, being Post Commander, 1884 ; Medical Director,
Department of Pennsylvania, 1882.
W. W. Alcorn, Adjutant-General, enlisted September, 1861, in
Company A, 14th Ohio Vol, Inf,, and was mustered-out Septem-
ber, 1864. Was Commander for one term of Forsyth Post No. 15,
Toledo, and has taken an active interest in Post work and in mili-
tary affairs in that city.
Quartermaster-General John Taylor, re-appointed. (Portrait
and sketch. Chapter XXI.)
Inspector-General Oscar A. Janes was born in Wisconsin, July
6, 1843, and left college to enlist in the 4th Michigan Vols. Served
with his regiment in the Army of the Potomac, and was badly
wounded at the " Weldon Railroad," resulting in the amputation
292 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
of an arm. After his discharge from the service he returned to
college and was graduated in 1868.
He has taken an active part in public affairs, and has held
a number of civil positions. Served as Judge of Probate for
Hillsdale county, from 1876 to 1885. Charter-member of Post 6,
Hillsdale, Michigan, February 26, 1879 ; served as its Commander.
Was Junior Vice-Commander of the Department in 1882, and
Department Commander, 1883.
Judge-Advocate-General D. R. Austin, enlisted in June, 1862,
in the 100th Ohio Vols., and was promoted First Lieutenant.
Was mustered-out by reason of disability. May 28, 1863.
He joined Forsyth Post No. 15, Toledo, Ohio, in 1878, and
was Judge-Advocate of the Department of Ohio in 1884, and mem-
ber of National Council of Administration, 1887.
NINETEENTH ANNUAL SESSION, PORTLAND, MAINE, JUNE 24, 1885.
The National Encampment assembled in Portland, on the above
date, Commander-in-Chief John S. Kountz presiding.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief John S. Kountz.
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief John P. Rea.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Ira E. Hicks.
Chaplain-in-Chief T. M. Shauafelt.
Adjutant-General W. W. Alcorn.
Quartermaster-General John Taylor.
Inspector-General, O. A. Janes.
Judge-Advocate-General D. R. Austin.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
California, W. H. Holmes ; Connecticut, Fred. A. Spencer ;
Colorado, Geo. W. Cook ; Dakota, John B. Dennis ; Delaware, AV.
H. Purnell ; Florida, AVm. Emerson ; Illinois, J. C. Black ; Indi-
ana, Edwin Nicar ; Iowa, John K. Deal ; Kansas, H. L. Millard ;
Kentucky, Samuel T. Jack ; Maine, F. W. Haskell ; Maryland, W.
O. Saville ; Massachusetts, Henry B. Peirce ; Michigan, Samuel
Wells ; Minnesota, W. P. Roberts ; Nebraska, J. O. West ; New
Hampshire, D. B. Newhall ; New Jersey, J. R. Van Syckle ; New
Gkoup of National Officers, Ibbi.
Administration of John S. Kountz. 293
Mexico, J. J, Fitzgerrell ; New York, Herman F. Fox ; Ohio, J. J.
Sullivan ; Oregon, B. B. Tuttle ; Pennsylvania, Samuel Harper ;
Potomac, ejohn Cameron ; Rhode Island, W. J. Bradford ; Tennes-
see, E. S. Jones ; Utah, F. M. Bishop ; Vermont, L. F. Terrell ;
Virginia, H. DeB. Clay ; Wisconsin, Philip Cheek, Jr.
departments represented.
Arkansas, 1 ; California, 5 ; Connecticut, 16 ; Colorado, 8 ;
Dakota, 7 ; Delaware, 7 ; Florida, 1 ; Gulf, 2 ; Illinois, 29 ; Indi-
ana, 22 ; Iowa, 24 ; Kansas, 23 ; Kentucky, 5 ; Maine, 22 ; Mary-
land, 6 ; Massachusetts, 29 ; Michigan, 21 ; Minnesota, 13 ; Mis-
souri, 13 ; Montana, 1 ; Nebraska, 12 ; New Hampshire, 17 ; New
Jersey, 14 ; New Mexico, 2 ; New York, 42 ; Ohio, 35 ; Oregon, 1 ;
Pennsylvania, 46; Potomac, 16; Rhode Island, 11; Tennessee
and Georgia, 6 ; Texas, 2 ; Utah, 2 ; Vermont, 12 ; Virginia, 4 ;
Washington Territory, 2 ; West Virginia, 2 ; AVisconsin, 16,
38 Departments and 497 Department Officers and Representa-
tives.
ADDRESS OF THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF.
Commander-in-Chief John S. Kountz then read his address,
in substance, as follows :
He had visited 34 Departments, travelling more than 30,000
miles. Referring to the large gains in membership during the
term, more fully stated in the report of the Adjutant-General, he
called attention to the large number of members suspended as due
in great measure to the negligence of Post officers.
BADGES.
The sale of badges provides a large revenue, which saves necessity to increase the
per capita tax, and thus every comrade is pecuniarily interested in procuring badges
through National Headquarters. Every comrade should feel a just pride in wearing
a badge manufactured from captured cannon, and in no other way can they obtain a
genuine captured-cannon badge.
Commander-in-Chief Beath reported to the last Encampment as having contracted
with the Ordnance Department for twelve bronze pieces of rebel cannon which have
been delivered to us, weighing in all 10,253 pounds, for which we have paid
$1,948 07. The pieces are all of Confederate manufacture and gave evidence of hard
usage.
For the Hon. Robert T. Lincoln, Secretary of War, General Stephen V. Benet,
201 Grand Army of the Kepubuc.
Chief of Ordnance, and Past Department-Commander D. S. Alexander, of the De-
partment of the Potomac, wliu kindly interested themselves in seeming these cannon,
we have liad prepared and presented to eacli a profile cast of Ex-Presidents Lincoln
and Gartield, made of cannon metal and handsomely framed. Tliese were prepared
and presented witliout charge, on behalf of the National Encampment, by Comrade
J. K. Davison, of Philadelphia.
He liacl felt it necessary to caution comrades against wearing
tlie Grand Army of the Republic badge or uniform at political
meetings, as being against the spirit of the Rules and Regulations.
He heartily endorsed the aims and purposes of the " Vet-
erans Rights Union " in securing to veterans the rights guaran-
teed them under the laws of the United States.
He had appointed a committee, consisting of Comrades W. S.
Rosecrans, California ; M. T. McMahon, New York, and J. C.
Linehan, New Hampshire, to lay the nature and work of the Grand
Army of the Republic before the proper Catholic Ecclesiastical
Authorities of the United States, and the chairman, Comrade
Rosecrans, had reported to him :
That, in fulfillment of that duty, I corresponded with the other members of the
committee, and thereupon addressed letters to the Primate, the Most Rev. Archbishop
Gibbons, of Baltimore, and Archbishop Ryan, of Philadelphia, stating to them that
while we do not expect to ask any endorsement or ecclesiastical approval of our So-
ciety, we were anxious to have its nature so understood that it might be known to all
confessors that Catholics might, lawfully and with good conscience, be members
thereof.
In response to tlieir kindly suggestions, I furnished ample explanations, written
and printed, showing that our association was for the noble objects of cultivating
among its members the spirit of Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty, and in its nature
temporary. I also conversed with other archbishops, bishops and theologians, and
have the pleasure to inform you that it was the opinion of every one with whom I
conferred that the Society of the Grand Army of the Republic, as now organized and
conducted, is not, in the ecclesiastical meaning of the phrase, " a secret society," and
that Catholics may, with all good conscience, belong to it.
I congratulate our Order that, in the opinion of such dispassionate judges, we have
builded, as we intended, an as.sociation so broad, liberal and jusi that it may be
worthy the great Republic for which we have periled our lives, and for which so
many have shed their blood. I congratulate you, also, for happily having undertaken
the good work of eliciting these expressions of opinion, so important to the honor
and future welfare of our Order.
The Church of the United Brethren, in Conference, decided
that there is no objection to their members uniting with our or-
ganization, and we are advised that the United Presbyterians
have left the matter to the conscience of their individual members.
AdministeatIon of John S. Kountz. 295
WOMAN S RELIEF CORPS.
The Woman's Relief Corps is faithfully fulfilling its mission, and while we wel-
come all who would aid us in our great work, under whatsoever name, I cordially
commend this representative organization of loyal ladies to the continued condflence
and respect of the Grand Army of the Republic.
MEMORIAL DAY.
A disposition had been shown in some cases tending to mar
the solemnities of Memorial Day by making it the occasion for
frivolity and amusement. He admonished comrades to refrain
from any such violation of the day set apart in memory of our
fallen comrades.
He duly acknowledged the efficient services of the officers of
the Encampment, and of his staff, during the term just closed, and
in conclusion said:
It will always be a source of pleasure and pride to look back upon the year in
which I had the honor of serving you as Commander-in-Chief. The associations and
experiences will ever be among the brightest of life's memories. Comrades, maj^ the
God of Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty preserve and prosper our organization until
the last muster-out of the last member of the Grand Army of the Republic.
Chaplain-in-Chief T. M. Shanafelt reported that he had deliv-
ered addresses and discourses in the Departments of Michigan,
Indiana, Nebraska, Kansas and Maine, and had maintained an ex-
tensive correspondence on subjects relative to the Order.
The rapid growth of public sentiment in favor of Memorial Day, and the general
participation of all classes of citizens in the observance of the day we have set apart
to the memory of our fallen comrades, is an indication that the popular heart is with
us in this special feature of our organization. It has become so thoroughly one of
the established institutions of the whole country that its perpetuity is assured. As
we, who yet survive, are called away, we can go down to our graves confident that
they will not be left unmarked or unnoticed, nor our deeds be forgotten.
REPORTS OF STAFF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General W. W. Alcorn reported the formation of the
Department of Montana, March 10, 1885, the Department of
Texas, March 25, with 6 Posts transferred from the Department
of the Gulf.
296 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
RECAPITULATION.
Members in good standing. March 31, 1884, . . . 233,824
Gained by muster, . . . . .77,040
" by transfer, . . , . . 5,438
" by reinstatement, .... 20,d49
103,427
Aggregate 337,251
Loss by deatb, ....... 2,544
" by honorable discharge, .... 2,518
" by dishonorable discharge, . . . 324
" by transfer, ...... 7,889
■' by suspension, ...... 54,292
67,567
Members in good standing, March 31, 1885, . . . 269,684
Number of Posts reported March 31, 1884, . . . 4,256
Number of Posts reported March 31, 1885, . . . 5,026
Net gain in membership during the year, .... 41,394
Net gain in Posts during the year, .... 992
Amount expended for relief during the year, $170,092.77. Number of members
relieved, 11,000; number of others relieved, 4,406— total, 15,406.
Quartermaster-General John Taylor, Judge-Advocate-General
D. R. Austin, and Inspector-General O. A. Janes, presented the
reports of their several departments.
GENERAL U. S. GRANT.
Comrade R. B. Brown, Ohio, offered the following, which was
adopted by a unanimous and rising vote :
Resolved, by the Nineteenth National Encampment of the Grand Army of the Re-
public, a.s.semblcd in the city of Portland, Maine, representing 300,000 .soldiers and
sailors in the United States, tbat in this, the first hour of our assembly, we tender to
the distinguished comrade, soldier and statesman. General Uiassf.s S. Grant, our
profound sympathy in his continued illne.ss, and extend a soldier's greeting to our be-
loved Commander and Comrade, who has for months endured unspeakable agony
with that characteristic fortitude that has challenged the admiration of the world.
This resolution was immediately telograplied to General Grant,
and tlie following resjDonse was received :
Mt. McGregor, N. Y., June 24, 1885.
.John S. Kountz.
Commander-in - Chief.
General Grant directs me, in reply to your dispatch, to tender through you, to
each one of th(! three hundred thousand veterans, his comrades, now reiiresented at
Administration of John S. Kountz. 297
Portland, his thanks for their interest in his health and welfare. General Grant
wishes to take this occasion to also thank them for their splendid services which have
residted in giving freedom to a race, peace to a continent, and a haven to the op-
pressed of the world.
F. D. GRANT.
Comrade Geo. H. Patch presented on belialf of tlie artist, H.
W. Bertliroug, of Post No. 33, Department of Massachusetts, a
life-size portrait of General Grant. It was decided to have the
portrait suitably framed, and presented to Mrs. Grant on behalf
of the Encampment.
Department Commander J. B. Hall, of Maine, stated that a
member of the National Encampment, Past Department Com-
mander Winsor B. Smith, had died that morning in Portland. He
offered suitable resolutions to mark the sad event, which were
unanimously adopted.
Comrade H. P. Lloyd, Ohio, reported that Past Commander-
in-Chief William Earnshaw was dangerously ill, and moved that
an expression of affection and sympathy of the comrades be sent
him with their prayers for his restoration to health.
Department Commander Hall, Maine, presented to the National
Encampment, on behalf of Dr. W. H. Eldridge, of Post 47, De-
partment of Maine, a gavel and box, both containing wood from
every State and Territory in the Union.
committees appointed.
On Address of the Commander-in-Chief: — D. S. Alexander,
Potomac ; John C. Linehan, New Hampshire ; Ira M. Hedges,
New York ; David N. Foster, Indiana ; R. H. Warfield, California.
On Report of the Adjutant-General : — Thomas J. Stewart,
Pennsylvania ; John Cameron, Potomac ; O. P. Lochhead, Michi-
gan ; C. B. Stilson, Iowa ; Thomas L. Mathews, Maryland.
On Report of the Judge-Advocate-General : — H. P. Lloyd,
Ohio ; Henry M. Nevius, New Jersey ; A. B. Beers, Connecticut ;
Samuel Harper, Pennsylvania ; Isaac E. "West, Dakota.
On Rules and Regulations :— R. B. Beath, Pennsylvania ; R.
B. Brown, Ohio ; Henry A. Barnum, New York ; J. L. Bennett,
Illinois ; H. E. Taintor, Connecticut.
298 Grand Army of the Bepublic.
On Report of the Inspector-General : — Geo. S. Evans, Massa-
chusetts ; A. 13. Valentine, Vermont ; Theodore T\'iseman, Kansas ;
O. A. Reynolds, Kentucky ; A. H. Prince, Maine.
On Report of the Quartermaster-General : — W. S. McNair,
Delaware ; 8. B. Jones, Nebraska ; R. A. Becker, Minnesota ;
Philip Cheek, Jr., Wisconsin ; Eugene A. Corey, Rhode Island.
On Resolutions : — Henry B. Peirce, Chairman, Massachusetts ;
Thomas Boles, Arkansas ; James A. AVaymier, California ; A. V.
Bohn, Colorado ; Frank D. Sloat, Connecticut ; J. C. Gipson, Da-
kota; Daniel Ross, Delaware; William Emerson, Florida; Henry
Schorten, Gulf ; John A. Logan, Illinois ; Robert Stratton, Indi-
ana ; W. R. Manning, Iowa ; George T. Anthony, Kansas ; James
C. Michie, Kentucky ; A. C. Hamlin, Maine ; John W. Horn,
Maryland; B. F. Graves, Michigan; E. M. Pope, Minnesota;
Christian Stawitz, Missouri ; Ela C. Waters, Montana ; J. H. Cul-
ver, Nebraska ; Marcus M. Collis, New Hampshire ; George B.
Fielder, New Jersey; J. W. Crawford, New Mexico ; John Palmer,
New York ; C. H. Grosvenor, Ohio ; George C. Sears, Oregon ;
Chill W. Hazzard, Pennsylvania ; C. C. Royce, Potomac ; Charles
R. Brayton, Rhode Island ; John R. Lewis, Tennessee and Georgia ;
F. W. IBradley, Texas ; H. C. Wardleigh, Utah ; J. H. Goulding,
Vermont ; Edgar Allan, Virginia ; O. B. Johnson, AVashiugton
Territory ; John I. Ruhl, West Virginia ; Geo. A. Hannaford,
Wisconsin.
REPORTS OF COMMITTEES.
On the Address of Commander-in-Chief John S. Kountz, the
Committee reported :
The work of the year evidences the fidelity and ability of the Commander-in-Chitf .
Despite the Presidential contest, the depression of business, and the rapid growth of
the Grand Army in former years, rivaling all other organizations, whether civic or
military, yet under liis splendid leadership our numbers have been increased and the
high character of the Order fully sustained. The earnest desire which has inspired
him to do his whole duty is illustrated by the extent of his visits, ranging from Maine
to the Golden Gate, and including all Departments, except three. These visitations
have been characterized liy wisdom, modesty, zeal and economy, and the result that
followed fully justify his action. Wherever he has gone greater interest in the Order
ha-s not only been manifested, but the respect shown Inm indicates the high esteem in
which lie is lield as Commander-in-Chief, and the personal regard which is enter-
tained for him as a comrade and a gentleman. For his efficient and kindly manage-
ment of all the affair's of the Grand Army, he is worthy the hearty and sincere thanks
Administration of John S. Kountz. 299
of this Encampment, and it is recommended that the Council of Administration be
instructed to procure and present to him a suitable testimonial as a token of our rec-
ognition of his essential services in behalf of the Grand Army.
Your Committee commend the address of the Commander-in-Chief to your careful
perusal as a thoughtful and suggestive paper. His recognition of Comrade Stephen-
son as the originator of the Grand Army is timely and eminently proper, while the
mention of the Hero of Appomattox, "whose heart grandly responded when duty
called, and melted in compassion when mercy pleaded," is as beautifully expressed as
the sentiment is true and patriotic.
We commend also his words respecting Memorial Day, and the introduction of
politics into our Order. It should be the endeavor of every comrade to cultivate the
one and avoid the other. Memorial Day is the choicest in the calendar of the Grand
Army — a day of sweet remembrances, dear to every loyal heart, and any violation of
its sacredness by making it the occasion for frivolity and amusement, such as charac-
terize the Fourth of July, should be treated as an indignity to the comrades who died
that this country might live. In a similar spirit should be treated any attempt to
inject politics into our Order. It is the high privilege of soldiers, in upholding the
great principles for which they struggled and sacrificed so much, always to act as
their judgment may dictate ; but as comrades of the Grand Army, should scorn to de-
grade our Order, or lower its standard by using it for purposes other than those which
come legitimately within the spirit and letter of its governing regulations.
The careful and economical administration of Commander-in-Chief Kountz lias
materially increased the funds of the National Encampment. This is a cause of great
congratulation, for it behooves the Grand Army of the Republic, now in its prime,
carefully to husband its resources, that in its declining years it may not suffer the in-
conveniences of poverty, or become in any sense an object of public charity. Your
committee recommend that $10,000 of the amount now in the hands of the Quarter-
master-General be invested in State or municipal securities, or in first mortgage bonds
upon real estate worth not less than three times the amount thus loaned, the invest-
ment to be made under the direction of the incoming Commander-in-Chief, and the
new Council of Administration.
Attention is called to the increased number of members suspended during the year.
These suspensions cheapen the Order, setting adrift in the community a class of
men who know its countersign, possess its badge, and represent its membership, with-
out having sufficient interest in its welfare to perfoi'm its duties. The reasons as-
signed by the Commander-in-Chief for this delinquency are generous and honorable
to the kindliness of his heart, and we respectfully submit that whenever inability to
pay dues is known as the real cause of such failure, it should be regarded as a privi-
lege as well as a duty to remit them. But it is undoubtedly true, as the Commander-
in-Chief asserts, that the very large number suspended — more than 54,000, or nearly
20 per cent, of the entire membership— is due to negligence and inefficiency of Post
officers. For this there is but one remedy — the election of Post Commanders pledged
especially to discharge the duties imposed upon them relating to membership, who
shall also be clothed with the power of appointing Post Quartermasters. The Com-
mander-in-Chief, as well as each Department Commander, is charged with the ap-
pointment of their Quartermasters, and it is believed that the same privilege should
be accorded to Post Commanders. It is recommended, therefore, that Article VI,
Section 1, be so amended.
Attention is especially called to the matter of badges. Unless made of captured
rebel cannon, a badge is a lie, and the Post officer or other comrade who procures
them from any source other than through National Headquarters, merits court-mar-
300 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
tial ;md prompt dismissal. Of the twelve bronze rebel cannon now being used for
badges, tlie history of their manufacture, service and capture is well known, and as a
simple and beautiful relic of the war, therefore, the badges made from them should
be eagerly sought, and are worth many times the price paid. In this connection, it is
recommended tliat during the coming year the Commander-in-Chief be requested to
give this matter his individual attention to the end that the manufacture of spurious
badges be stopped, and that the parties now engaged in obtaining money under false
pretenses by their sale be properly dealt with under the law. It is recommended,
also, that in making their inspections. Inspecting Officers be charged with the duty of
closely examining every badge for the determining of the genuineness.
In the appointment of special committees to confer with the authorities of the
Catholic Church and other denominations who were opposed to our Order under the
impression that it was a secret organization, the Commander-in-Chief has exercised
good judgment, and the success of the committee in removing a serious obstacle to
the admission to our ranks of thousands of surviving soldiers, ought to be an occasion
of joy to every comrade. There is not in the wide world, outside of the Christian
church, an association founded on such broad and lib ral principles as that of the
Grand iVrmy of the Republic. Under the folds of its banners are gathered men of all
creeds and nationalities. Lessons of mutual forbearance and toleration have been
learned through bitter experience, and the ties which bind those who for four years
fought to maintain the integrity of tlie nation cannot easily be severed on this side of
the grave. We therefore recommend earnestly the heartiest endorsement of the En-
campment for the labor of the Commander-in-Chief in the settlement of this impor-
tant question.
The reference of the Commander-in-Chief to the Veterans' Rights Union, accom-
panied by his hearty endorsement, must meet with an earnest response from every
comrade loyal to tliis organization, and alive to the interests of tlie riglits of the vet-
eran soldier, decreed to him by statute, but winch, for many years, have practically
proven a dead letter. It is timely and pertinent, and it behooves this Encampment to
give to this portion of liis report their emphatic endorsement, as the rei)resentatives of
nearly 300,000 veterans organized to protect the interests of the old soldier.
Your committee heartily concurs with all that has been said of the work and aims
of the Woman's Relief Corps. It was a grand undertaking, and has been carried
out in the grandest manner. Side by side with the Grand Army it has pressed for-
ward, accomplishing in the name of Faith, and Love, and Charity, what the comrades
could not have done without its assistance. It lias our earnest w ishes for its con-
tinued success, our hearty support of the purposes of the organization, and our co-
op'ration in all of its undertakings. We offer its members now, as ever, the strong
right hand of our comradeship, which will never weaken in its grasp of love, respect
and syrapatliy.
In order to carry out these suggestions and recommendations, we recommend the
adoittion of the following:
Resolved, That the Council of Administration be instructed to cause a suitable tes-
timonial to be procured and presented to the Commander-in-Chief.
R'Holved, That the incoming Commander-in-Chief and Coimcil of Administration
\)v authorized to invest $10,000 of the amount now in the hands of the (Quartermaster-
General in Stat(; or rnunieipal securities, or in lirst mortgage bonds upon real estate
worth not less than three times the amount liius loaned.
Administkation of John S. Kountz. 301
Besolved, That the Commander-in-Chief be requested to ascertain who are manu-
facturers and sellers of spurious badges, and to take such steps to secure the suppres-
sion of the same as he may deem proper.
The report was adopted unanimously.
committee on resolutions.
The Committee on Eesolutions, on the question of pensions,
presented a majority and minority report — the majority adverse
to the bill known as the Eight Dollar measure, viz. :
That all oiBcers, soldiers and sailors who served in the army, navy or marine
corps of the United States for a period not less than 60 days, between March 4,
1861, and July 1, 1865, and who were honorably discharged therefrom, shall receive
a pension of $8 per month during the remainder of their lives. This act shall take
effect from its passage.
The minority favored this bill. An extended debate was had
on the question.
The majority report was adopted.
The Committee recommend the following :
Whereas, The National Encampment is cognizant of and heartily approves the
fraternal spirit which has during the past year so nobly fulfilled its purpose in the
organization of bureaus of employment for those whom the Revised Statutes of the
United States (Sec. 1754) more particularly applies, as well as for the institution of
" Emergency Funds," by which immediate relief is granted to those for whom they
are organized to help; therefore be it
Resolved, That the work done by the Memorial and Executive Committee of the
Grand Army of the Republic for Brooklyn, New York, through its Bureau of Em-
ployment and Emergency Fund, meets with our warmest thanks, and its aims and
purposes are commended to the consideration of our Order everywhere.
Resolved, That this National Encampment recommends that similar bodies be
instituted in the larger cities, to the end that such care be taken of those for whom
we entertain so much solicitude, as will prevent their ever becoming a charge upon
the municipality while a Grand Army Post remains in official existence.
A resolution appropriating the sum of $500 for the relief of
Mother Bickerdycke, an army nurse, was adopted.
The Committee closed with the following :
Resolved, That for ourselves and comrades we thank our hosts for cordial in-
vitation, warm welcome, generous reception, hearty greeting, and that every visitor
302 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
will carry back to his hearthstone and cherish for years to come the memories of this
visit to the Forest City, coupled with warm gratitude to our comrades of Maine, and
to her free, loyal citizens generally, for all the courtesies and kindness extended to us
in the homes of their hearts and hopes.
The Committee on " Sous of Veterans " reported :
That all resolutions of recognition of any branches of the Sons of Veterans hereto-
fore passed by this National Encampment be, and they are hereby repealed: but that
we recommend an early and complete consolidation of all these branches with one
body, wishing them God-speed in their united and patriotic labors.
On Report of Adjutant-General W. W. Alcorn :
We concur in the recommendations regarding the necessity of making a record of
all existing Department charters, both provisional and permanent, with date of the
formation of the first Post therein, and the re-issue of those that have been lost or
destroyed.
The most important recommendations are those referring to delinquency in re-
ports. The Kules and Regulations make it the duty of Post Commanders to forward
reports to Depirlment Headquarters. These reports are in their detail the work of
the Adjutant and Quartermaster respectively, and no good reason exists why the work
shall not be sufficiently far advanced on the last meeting night of the quarter, so that
it will only be necessary to add the changes made necessary at that meeting, when
they can be completed, and handed to the Post Commander to endorse and for-
ward.
The trouble seems to be that the delinquency of Posts is unknown to the com-
rades, unless the same be published in General Orders, and the committee recommend
that a form of receipt be prepared for the purpose of acknowledging receipt of re-
ports and per capita tax, and provide that the receipt must be read to the Post on the
first meeting night after the Commander receives it.
We are of the opinion that the recommendation to suspend Post Commanders is
in conflict with the Rules and Regulations, and cannot be done without amending or
changing our present law.s. A Post Commander that respects his obligation, or has
any regard for tlie law governing us, will not be found delinquent. The penalty or
rebuke under the present law will be even a greater punishment than that recom-
mended, inasmuch as it suspends the entire Post, and is consequently a greater re-
flection on the delinquent officers, and each comrade appreciating his membership
will be directly interested in having reports forwarded, and the Post placed in good
•standing.
We concur in the recommendations suggesting change in form of consolidatid re-
port regarding the reporting of Posts as delinquent in.stead of suspended.
We take especial pleasure in commending the work of the Adjutant-General dur-
ing the past year. His devotion to duty and able administration of the affairs of his
office deserves more than passing recognition. While $500 had been appropriated
for clerk hire, but SOQ have been expended, the Adjutant-General performing all the
work of his office himself. We recomm"nd that in the future no sum be set aside for
clerk hire, but that the salary of the Adjutant-General be $2,000 per annum, to in-
clude clerk hire and that the unexpended balance of $1,500 salary and $500 clerk hire
for the present term be paid to the Adjutant-General.
Aj)ministkation of John S. Kountz. 303
On Report of Quartermaster-General Taylor :
Your Committee respectfully report that they find it a very full and complete
statement of the financial affairs of the National Encampment.
They also find two important new features, viz., the table of supply accounts of
Departments with the National Headquarters, and the table of consolidated reports
of the Assistant Quartermasters-General. The latter is necessarily incomplete, be-
cause reports have not been received from some of the Departments. We recommend
that Departments be required, as nearly as practicable, to conform to the rule
adopted at Baltimore, requiring that requisition for supplies be accompanied by the
money therefor.
We heartily commend the Quartermaster-General for his promptness and uniform
courtesy in the discharge of his official duties and the economical and thorough busi-
ness manner in which he has managed the affairs of his Department.
On Report of Inspector-General O. A. Janes :
We have carefully examined the report and regret to find that four prominent
Departments have failed to make any report to the Inspector- General, thus pre-
venting as complete a report of the condition of all of our Departments as could be de-
sired at this time, and your committee would respectfully suggest that the incoming
administration use every exertion to the end that each Department furnish its Inspec-
tor's Report to the Inspector-General in time to be presented in print at the next
National Encampment.
We heartily endorse the recommendations of the Inspector-General in relation
to Post inspections, believing that such inspections are for the best interests of our
organization.
Upon the Report of Judge-Advocate-General D, R. Austin,
majority and minority reports were presented, which gave rise to
a long and animated discussion. The question in dispute, known
as the " Kane case," was finally referred back to the Department
of Pennsylvania.
PENSIONS.
The Committee on Pensions reported as follows :
Early during the winter session of Congress the Committee met in Washington,
the Commander-in Chief also being present. We found that, owing to the brevity of
the session and the consequent pressure of public business, it was impossible to secure
the introduction, with any promise of passage, of just such a pension bill as met with
the approval of your Committee.
To the Mexican Pension Bill, as passed by the House of Representatives, the Sen-
ate had attached several amendments directly in the line of the recommendations of
the Pension Committee and the action of the National Encampment.
Although not altogether what was to be desired, this bill included so many excel-
lent features that your Committee united in urging its passage as the only measure
possible to succeed in the then state of legislative business. The bill finally failed of
passage by only a few votes,
304 Grand Army of the Republic.
We recommend the pursuance in the future of the well-defined line of action con-
cerning pension legislation heretofore marked out by the repeated action of the Na-
tional Encampment.
That recognizing the great usefulness of the " Army and Navy Survivors' Di-
vision " of the Pension Office, as recently organized by the comrade Commissioner oJ
Pensions, and that its further value must largely depend upon the continued co-op-
eration of the Grand Army of the Republic, therefore
Besolved, That the Commander-in-Chief be requested by General Order to explain
the nature and value of the work done, and to invite the active co-operation of De-
partments, Posts, and comrades in its further prosecution.
Adopted.
veterans' kights union.
A committee was appointed to urge the heads of departments
at AYashington to carry out the laws favoring the employment
of Union soldiers and sailors in public positions.
Committee: — John Palmer, New York ; John F. Kumler, Ohio ;
Wm. Gibson, Potomac ; E. B. Loring, Massachusetts ; J. P. S.
Gobin, Pennsylvania ; Edgar Allan, Virginia ; Ira M. Hedges,
New l^'ork ; S. S. Burdett, Potomac ; John S. Kountz, Ohio.
election of officers.
The election of officers resulted as follows :
Commander-in-Chief, Samuel S. Burdett, Washington, D. C.
Senior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, Selden Connor, Augusta,
Maine.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, John Pi. Lewis, Atlanta,
Georgia.
Surgeon-General, J. C. Tucker, Alameda, California.
Chaplaiu-in-Chief, L. H. Stewart, Perry, Ohio.
council of administration.
Arkansas, Thomas Boles ; California, Walter H. Holmes ; Col-
orado, George Ady ; Connecticut, W. G. Gallagher ; Dakota, W.
V. Lucas ; Delaware, G. W. King ; Florida, J, De V. Hazzard ;
Gulf, Henry Schorteu ; Illinois, 11. F. AYilson ; Indiana, Charles
A. Zollinger; Iowa, L. S. Tyler; Kansas, B. R. Hogin ; Kentucky,
AYilliam Bowman ; Maine, Samuel W. Lane ; Massachusetts, James
F. Meech ; Maryland, Thomas L. Mathews ; Michigan, Henry S.
Administration of John S. Kountz. 305
Dean ; Minnesota, Perry Starkweather ; Missouri, J. S. Sterrett ;
Montana, Ela C. Waters ; Nebraska, J. O. "West ; New Hampshire,
Alfred E. Emery ; New Jersey, John F. Lovett ; New Mexico, W.
N. Smith ; New York, Joseph L. Follett ; Ohio, J. W. O'Neall ;
Oregon, George C. Sears ; Pennsylvania, Samuel Harper ; Poto-
mac, Chas. H. Ingram ; Rhode Island, William D. Mason ; Tennes-
see and Georgia, Edward S, Jones ; Texas, H. W. Nye ; Utah, C.
A. Wood ; Vermont, D. L. Morgan ; Virginia, John W. Boynton ;
Washington Territory, O. B. Johnson ; West Virginia, S. F. Shaw;
Wisconsin, Wm. S. Stanley, Jr.
UNOFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS.
Twenty-three thousand men marched in the parade in Port-
land, on June 23, General Geo. L. Beal, Chief Marshall. " Camp
U. S. Grant " was occupied by several thousand veterans, whose
wants were all duly attended to by an efficient Committee of Ar-
rangements.
A grand reception was given to the visitors in the City Hall.
Comrade Frederick Robie, Governor of Maine, made the address
of welcome, followed by Mayor Deering of Portland. Com-
mander-in-Chief Kountz responded for the Grand Army, and ad-
dresses were made by General R. A. Alger, Governor of Michigan;
General Lucius Fairchild, Wisconsin; General H. W. Slocum, New
York ; General John A. Logan ; General Geo, T, Anthony, Kan-
sas ; Hon. Thos. B. Reed, Maine ; Judge-Advocate-General D. R.
Austin ; Comrade Geo. H. Patch, Massachusetts, and Chas. A.
Boutelle, Maine.
A clam-bake and festivities on one of the Islands of Saco Bay
was enjoyed by several hundreds of the members of the National
Encampment.
20
CHAPTER XXIV.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF S. S. BURDETT
—TWENTIETH ANNUAL SESSION, SAN FRANCISCO,
AUGUST 4, 1886.
Commander-in-Chief Burdett established Headquarters in
Washington, and appointed the following staff :
Adjutant-General, John Cameron, Washington, D. C.
Quartermaster-General, John Taylor, Pennsylvania.
Inspector-General, Argus D. Vanosdol, Indiana.
Judge-Advocate-General, Chas. H. Grosvenor, Ohio.
Assistant Adjutant-General, Fred. Brackett, Washington, D.C.
General S. S. Burdett, Commander-in-Chief, was born in Lie-
cestershire, England, February 21, 1836, and came to the United
States in IS-iS, He worked on a farm in Lorraine county, Ohio,
until able to attend Oberlin College. After graduating he removed
to Clinton county, where he studied law.
In August, 1861, he enlisted in the 1st Iowa Cavalry, was pro-
moted to be First Lieutenant and afterwards Captain, serving
under General S. R. Curtis in Missouri and Arkansas until 1863,
when he was detailed as Judge-Advocate, and so served on differ-
ent important assignments until the close of his term.
After the war he settled in Missouri ; was appointed U. S. Dis-
trict Attorney, and as such zealously prosecuted and drove out a
lawless element in that section. He was elected to Congress from
the 5th District, Missouri, in 1868, and again in 1872. In 1874 he
was appointed commissioner of the General Land Office. In 187(5,
being in bad health, caused by over-work, he went to South
America, and there devoted himself to the management of large
business interests for citizens of the United States.
He returned to Washington in 1878, and since then has built
up a large law practice, and has been engaged as leading counsel
in a numl)er of important land cases.
He was a member of tlie Grand Army of the Republic in Mis-
1306]
Administration of S. S. Burdett. 307
souri, in 1866, and afterwards joined a Post in Washington. Was
Department Commander in 1881 and 1882.
General Selden Connor, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Cliief, was
born in Fairfield, Maine, January 25, 1839. Enlisted in April,
1861, as a private in the 1st Vermont Volunteers, for three months
service, and was subsequently promoted CorjDoral. Commissioned
Lieutenant-Colonel of the 7th Maine Volunteers, August 22, 1861.
In December, 1863, he was promoted to be Colonel of the 19th
Maine Volunteers, in the 1st Brigade, 2d Division, 2d Army
Corps, and commanded the Brigade until the consolidation of the
2d and 3d Corps, just'prior to the Wilderness campaign ; was so
severely wounded in the battle of the Wilderness, May 6, 1864,
that he was unable to return to the field. Promoted to be Briga-
dier-General of Volunteers, June 11, 1864. Mustered-out of ser-
vice April 7, 1866. Joined the Grand Army of the Republic, and
assisted in re-organizing Seth Williams Post No. 13, Department
of Maine, at Augusta, in 1869. Was Commander of that Post, and
Commander of the Department of Maine in 1874. Governor of
Maine, 1876, 1877, 1878.
General John R. Lewis, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, was
born in Erie County, Pennsylvania, September 22, 1834. Enlisted
in the 1st Vermont Volunteers, May 2, 1861, for the three months
service. Was commissioned Captain, 5th Vermont Infantry, Sep-
tember 16, 1861; promoted to be Major, Lieutenant-Colonel and
Colonel of the Regiment. In the " Wilderness," May, 1864, he
lost his left arm at the shoulder-joint. He was promoted for
gallant and meritorious services in this action ; was transferred
to the 1st Regiment, Veteran Reserve Corps, as Colonel, and later
brevetted Brigadier-General, to date March 31, 1865.
In 1867, commissioned Major, 44th U. S. Infantry, and was re-
tired as Colonel, U. S. A., April 28, 1870. He became a charter
member of O. M. Mitchell Post No. 21, Department of Tennessee
and Georgia, and has been some years engaged in mercantile bus-
iness in Atlanta, Georgia.
Rev. Lemuel H. Stewart, Chaplain-in-Chief, was born in Ohio,
July 22, 1847. He enlisted as a private, at the age of sixteen, in
the 74th Ohio ; was taken prisoner in July, 1864, and confined for
308 Grand Army of the Republic.
six mouths in Andersonville ; was mustered-oiit of service, July
18, 1865.
Dr. Ambrose S. Everett, Surgeon-General, enlisted at Roches-
ter, New York, in August, 1862, as First Lieutenant, Company B,
108th New York Volunteers. Promoted to a Captaincy in Decem-
ber ; was mustered-out on account of physical disability, August
1, 1864.
Joined A. Lincoln Post No, 4, in Denver, December, 1881, and
has served as Post Surgeon, and three terms as Medical Director.
John Cameron, Adjutant-General, is a native of Philadelphia.
At the breaking out of the war he was receiver of the Green and
Coates Street Passenger Railway Company, and at the first call
for volunteers enlisted as a Corporal, Company C, Kentucky Light
Cavalry, afterwards 3d Pennsylvania Cavalry. He was Acting
Sergeant-Major of the Regiment most of the time he was attached
to it.
He participated in the engagements of Yorktown, Williams-
burg, Savage Station, Jordan's Ford, Charles City Cross Roads,
Malvern Hill and Antietam, and was discharged from the service,
September 26, 1862, on account of disability. He joined Kit Car-
son Post, in Washington, 1880, and has served in a number of po-
sitions in his Department. Is now (1888) Assistant Adjutant-
General.
John Taylor, Quartermaster-General, re-appoiuted. See Chap-
ter XXI.
Captain Argus D. Vanosdol, Inspector-General, was born in
Indiana, September 18, 1839, and on July 4, 1861, enlisted as Pri-
vate, Company A, 3d Indiana Cavalry. Was promoted to be Ser-
geant-Major, and later Captain, Company I. His Regiment served
in the Army of the Cumberland, and he was so seriously wounded
at Stone River tliat he was compelled to resign.
On recovering lie was commissioned in the 156th Indiana, and
was mustered-out in August, 1865. He was graduated from the
Law School of tlie Indiana LTniversity, and is now practicing law
in Madison, Indiana. He has been an active member of Post No.
26 and of his Department, filling a number of positions in each.
Department Commander, 1888.
Group of National Officers, 1885.
Administration of S. S. Burdett. 309
General Chas. H. Grosvenor, Judge-Advocate-General, was
commissioned Major, 18th Ohio Volunteer Infantry, July 30, 1861;
Lieutenant-Colonel, March, 1863, and Colonel, April 8, 1865 ; bre-
vetted Brigadier-General for " gallant and meritorious conduct
throughout the war."
He was one of the first to join the Grand Army of the Repub-
lic, in 1866, and, in 1881, became a charter member of Post No,
89, at his home in Athens. He has since been an active working
member of his Post and Department, and in the National En-
campments.
He is President of the Board of Trustees, Ohio Soldiers and
Sailors Home. Is now, 1888, representing his District in Con-
gress.
twentieth annual session.
The National Encampment assembled in San Francisco, Au-
gust 4, 1886. Commander-in-Chief Burdett in the chair.
committee on credentials.
Adjutant-General John Cameron ; H. E. Taintor, Connecticut ;
S. AV. Lane, Maine ; H. G. Hicks, Minnesota ; J. C. Linehan, NeAv
Hampshire.
OFFICERS present.
Commander-in-Chief Samuel S. Burdett.
Senior Yice-Commander-in-Chief Selden Connor.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief John R. Lewis.
Chaplain-in-Chief Rev. L. H. Stewart.
Surgeon-General Ambrose S. Everett.
Adjutant-General John Cameron.
Quartermaster-General John Taylor.
Inspector-General Argus D. Vanosdol.
Judge-Advocate-General Charles H. Grosvenor.
Assistant Adjutant-General Fred. Brackett.
COUNCIL OF administration.
Arkansas, Thomas Boles ; California, Walter H. Holmes ; Col-
orado, George Ady ; Dakota, W. Y. Lucas ; Delaware, G. W. King ;
Gulf, Henry Schorten; Illinois, R. F. Wilson; Indiana, Charles A.
Zollinger ; Iowa, L. S. Tyler ; Kansas, B. R. Hogin ; Kentucky,
310 Grand Army of the Republic.
William Bowmau ; Maine, J. S. Douglas ; Massachusetts, Henry
B. Peirce ; Maryland, W. W. Walker ; Missouri, Eugene F. AYei-
gel ; Montana, Elu C. AVaters ; Nebraska, J. O. West ; New Hamp-
shire, James Minot ; New Mexico, W. N. Smith ; Ohio, J. W.
O'Neall ; Oregon, George C. Sears ; Pennsylvania, Samuel Harper ;
Potomac, Chas. H. Ingram ; Rhode Island, George H. Pettis ;
Tennessee and Georgia, Edward S. Jones ; Vermont, D. L. Mor-
gan ; Virginia, John W. Boynton ; West Virginia, S. F. Shaw.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
Arkansas, 2 ; California, 18 ; Colorado, 9 ; Connecticut, 9 ; Da-
kota, 5 ; Delaware, 6 ; Florida, 2 ; Gulf, 2 ; Illinois, 29 ; Indiana,
21; Iowa, 22 ; Kansas, 26 ; Kentucky, 3 ; Maine, 17; Massachusetts,
30 ; Maryland, 0 ; Michigan, 21: ; Minnesota, 14 ; Missouri, 11 ;
Montana, 2 ; Nebraska, 12 ; New Hampshire, 9 ; New Jersey, 10 ;
New Mexico, 3 ; New York, 43 ; Ohio, 38 ; Oregon, 6 ; Pennsyl-
vania, 43 ; Potomac, 9 ; Rhode Island, 8 ; Tennessee and Georgia,
5 ; Texas, 2 ; Utah, 5 ; Vermont, 9 ; Virginia, 4 ; Washington Ter-
ritory, 6 ; West Virginia, 1; Wisconsin, 15. Total, 38 Depart-
ments ; 489 Department Officers and Representatives,
ADDRESS OF THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF.
Comrade Burdett, in his opening remarks, referred to the
happy circumstances under which the members had now assem-
bled on the Pacific coast.
Threading a continent in our this year's march, we pitch the tents of the Twen-
tieth National Encampment on this our further shore, sjilute the glory of tlie moun-
tains wliicli to our fathers were nameless shadows in a foreign land, and hear with
gladness the music of waves which sing our anthem, where yesterday the st^irry flag
WHS hut a strange device. It has been the lot of the Grand Army to compass the land
it helped to save.
In presenting the statistics of membership, more fully given in
the Report of the Adjutant-General, he referred to the large
numbers carried as suspended, and recommended that some i)lan
be devised to have sucli comrades restored to the rolls.
He recommended ;i further reduction in the charges for sup-
plies and the investment of funds on hand.
Administration of S. S. Burdett. 311
BADGES.
The number of membership badges issued during the year
was 66,393. General Orders were issued as directed by the pre-
vious Encampment, to suppress the sale of spurious badges.
I am happy to say that my efforts to discharge this duty were seconded by my
comrades, the Department Commanders, almost unanimoinly, with great heartiness,
and that close scrutiny and comparison of the legitimate demands of the year, with
the actual issue from National Headquarters, indicate that but few of the spurious
badges found their way into the ranks.
The changes ordered for the reverse of the badges, by adding
the marks of Hancock's 1st Corps, Veteran Volunteers, and Sher-
idan's and Wilson's Cavalry Corps, had been made, and the badge,
as amended, patented for the use of the Grand Army of the Re-
public.
He submitted to the Encampment the question of organizing
Posts outside of the United States, especially in the Dominion of
Canada.
He had visited twenty Departments during the year, serious
sickness in his household had prevented his visiting others.
woman's relief corps.
It has been my pleasure during the past year to meet the National Officers of the
Woman's Relief Corps at Boston, and the officers of a number of its Departments.
This organization has passed beyond the stage of mere patronage or commendation-
It has become a settled auxiliary and recognized agency of the Grand Army of the
Republic in all its work of beneficence. Its fame, whether for good or ill, is ours»
and the proper administration of its trasts, and the accomplishment of its helpful aims,
are to us, as well as to itself, matter of proper concern.
MEMORIAL DAY.
Never since the happy inspiration came upon the Grand Army to set apart a day
for the honor of our dead comrades, has Memorial Day been so fully, so heartily and
so reverently observed as upon the occasion of its latest celebration. In all places in
the always loyal States, where the dust of our dead is gathered, there came the tread of
their comrades to testify their undying fraternity; and there came as well the throng
of fellow-citizens, the old who remembered the strife and the young who had learned
its lessons, to signify for themselves, and for their country, their sense of the service
done.
The second General Order, which it fell to my lot to issue, announced the death of
Past Commander in-Chief the Rev. William Earnshaw. He was the seventh in the order
of election and service of your Commanders-in-Chief; he is the third to be called away;
he was a just man and true, who, serving God in His ministry, selected a field of labor
;31*2 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
which brouirht him amoinr his less fortunate comrades; with all faithfulness he sought
their hajipiness whilst living, and with equal devotion consoled their dying hour.
The Commander-in-Chief feelingly and eloquently referred to
the deaths, during the year, of three noted comrades : McClellan,
Hancock and Grant. He had, with his staff, officially attended the
funeral of General Grant, in New York.
The position assigned to the Grand Army in the line of march was most honorable,
and at its close it was our happiness to hear pronounced, by the comrades of Post No.
1, of Philadelphia, of which he was a member, those last farewells contained in our
simple ritual for the dead.
GRANT MEMORIAL FUND.
Upon the death of our Comrade Grant, the noble spirit of commemoration was
evoked in many parts of the land.
It seemed to many of our discreet comrades, as it did to me, that over and above
any other association of citizens, the Grand Army of the Republic would find it in its
heart, and in accord with its just pride and purpose, on behalf of its individual mem-
bership and on behalf of its organized whole, to set up at the National Capitol, where
resides the majestj^ of the whole people, a memorial of Grant that should be worthy
of him and worth}- of themselves, and,should thus weave together in death, the fame
they together won in life,
I accordingly, on the 14th day of September, 1885, issued Circular No. 1, inviting
the co-operation of my comrades for the end proposed. Not without a feeling of re-
gret I was soon made aware that in some quarters it was felt that this movement might
be detrimental to the success of other wishes and purposes. I thought the great Grand
Army could wait, withholding all occasion for offense. Except, therefore, the dis-
tribution of blank lists for the record of the names of contributing comrades, no
special efforts had been made to collect the fund; but, notwithstanding, thirty-one
Departments have contributed .^4. 627.86, the heart-offering of 30,852 comrades, whose
feet know the roads over which he led them to victory, and whose hearts were sore
when he died.
There is no reason now, substantial or .sentimental, why the proposed work should
not go fonvard. I have it from the lips of his oldest born that the proposal meets the
hearty concurrence of those who, in life, were nearest and dearest to him. There are
no encumbrances of plan or method to stand in the way of tliis National Encamp-
ment taking and moulding the work to its will.
"We applaud the fitness of the work of the Societies of the Army of the Tennessee
and the Cumberland, in doing honor to themselves by honoring their McPherson and
tlieir Thomas. The Grand Army of the Republic, the great whole of all the con-
quering host, can find nowhere on the roll of fame a name more fit for their garland
than his who commanded all, and to whom at last came the homage of every heart.
Comrades, it is no small thing to have stood, by your choice, at the head of the
Grand Army of the Republic. Unique in conception, illustrious in achievement— the
breath of patriotism, the color guard of liberty, and the very bulwark of equality and
the law— no history of this great age will be complete without large space devoted to
Administration of S. S. Burdett. 313
the elucidation of the lesson the mere existence of such an institution teaches. I have
not been able to add aught to its glory, but, by your help, I have successfully striven
to maintain it in its high place ; its standards have not been lowered.
Chaplain-in-Chief L. H. Stewart recommended :
The appointment of a memorial committee to prepare, from year to year, suitable
resolutions or memoirs for the departed comrades. That it be made the duty of De-
partment Chaplains to prepare and forward to the Chaplain-in-Chief reports of Me-
morial Day, and that they may be compiled and tiled in the archives of the National
Headquarters.
Also tliat a change be made in the rules relative to Memorial
Day, so that when that day falls on Sunday, Saturday should be
observed.
REPORTS OF STAFF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General John Cameron presented schedules of Posts
and members in each Department. The following is a
RECAPITULATION.
Members in good standing March 31, 1885, . . . 269,694
Gained by muster ..... 60,663
By transfer, . . . . 6.194
By reinstatement, .... 26,282
By delinquent reports, . . . 9,047
Total Gain, . . . . . 102,186
Aggregate, ....
371,880
Loss by death, ....
3,020
By honorable discharge.
2,235
By dishonorable discharge,
483
By transfer, ....
8,510
By suspension.
. 54,146
By delinquent reports.
8,149
Total loss.
76,543
Members in good standing March 31, 1886, . . 295,337
Total number remaining suspended, .... 27,412
Total number by delinquent reports, .... 3,750
Number of Posts reported March 31, 1885, . . . 5,026
Number of Posts reported March 31, 1886, . . . 5,765
Net gain in membership during the year (in good standing;, 25,643
Net gain in Posts during the year, .... 739
The loss by delinquent reports are the aggregate membership of each Post which
have not sent their returns to the Assistant Adjutants-General.
31J: Grand Army of the Eepublic.
It is safe to say that if the proper officers of these Posts had reported (and there is
not the slightest reason -why they should not have done so, except carelessness, ineffi-
ciency, and violation of obligation), the number remaining in good standing reported
to you would be 299,087.
It will thus be seen that the total membership borne on the rolls, is 326,499.
Total number of deaths reported from July, 1871, to March 31, 1886, 13,013.
Quartermaster-General Joliu Taylor reported receipts, (witli
previous balance of $12,006.46) $60,735.68 ; disbursements,
$36,871.59 ; balance cash on hand, $23,864.09.
Judge-Advocate-General C. H. Grosvenor presented the oj^in-
ions given in twenty cases submitted during the year.
Inspector-General A. D. Vanosdol reported the condition of
each Department, as shown by the inspections held during the year.
He recommended that only annual inspections should be made.
Reports of 4,916 out of the 5,765 Posts, showed disbursements for
relief amounting to $205,673. The Eelief Fund of the Posts
amounted to $301,012.76.
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On Address of Commander-in-Chief : — Lucius Fairchild, Wis-
consin ; G. W. F. Yernon, Maryland ; Thomas C. Fullerton, Illi-
nois ; David N. Foster, Indiana, and John P. Rea, Minnesota.
On Report of the Adjutant-General : — T. J. Stewart, Pennsyl-
vania ; L. B. Hill, Maine ; O. F. Lochhead, Michigan ; A. C. Mon-
roe, Massachusetts ; H. P. Thomj)son, Illinois.
On Report of the Quartermaster-General : — S. B. Jones, Ne-
braska ; George B. Creamer, Maryland ; George AY. King, Dela-
ware ; E. H. Sawyer, Colorado ; Philip Cheek, Jr., Wisconsin.
On Report of the Judge-Advocate-General : — Geo. S. Merrill,
Massachusetts ; A. J. Sampson, Colorado ; Charles D. Long, Mich-
igan ; Charles A. Orr, New York ; Thomas Boles, Arkansas.
On Report of the Inspector-General : — S. P. Ford, California ;
C. E. Wliitsit, Indiana ; W. H. Webster, Potomac ; Charles M.
Holton, Washington Territory ; J. R. Yan Syckel, New Jersey.
On Rules and Regulations, and Ritual: — R. B. Beath, Penn-
sylvania ; D. R. Austin, Ohio ; C. C. Royce, Potomac ; N. P.
Chipman, California ; John McNeil, Missouri.
On Resolutions : — Henry B. Peirce, Massachusetts, Chairman ;
Administration of S. S. Burdett. 315
Jno. Vaughn, Arkansas ; Stuart Taylor, California ; E. H. Webb,
Colorado ; W. A. Simons, Connecticut ; W. L. "Wells, Dakota ', AV.
S. McNair, Delaware ; E. W. Henck, Florida ; Jesse E. Scott,
Gulf ; J. G. Everest, Illinois ; T. W. Bennett, Indiana ; vSamuel
Cooper, Io"wa ; M. Stewart, Kansas ; D. O'Eeilly, Kentucky ; E.
M. Shaw, Maine ; Robert W. Scarlett, Maryland ; Oscar A. Janes,
Michigan ; Albert Scheffer, Minnesota ; W. J. Terrell, Missouri ;
W. E. Sanders, Montana ; B. F. Smith, Nebraska: Dan'l M. White,
New Hampshire ; Geo. B. Fielder, New Jersey; E. S. Stover, New
Mexico ; G. S. Conger, New York ; L. D. Woodworth, Ohio ; G.
E. Caukin, Oregon ; J. P. S. Gobin, Pennsylvania ; D. A. Gros-
venor, Potomac ; Henry R. Barker, Rhode Island ; J. Chamber-
lain, Tennessee and Georgia ; O. T, Lyon, Texas ; Eli H, Murray,
Utah ; H. Ballard, Vermont ; Chas. E. Hewins, Virginia ; A, M.
Brooks, Washington Territory ; J. H. Ruhl, West Virginia; E. B.
Gray, Wisconsin.
reports from committees.
On the Address of Commander-in-Chief S. S. Burdett :
'1. The various topics mentioned in the address are so pertinent, and are so con-
cisely and elociuently discussed, as to leave little room for this Committee to empha-
size any of its timely suggestions.
The patriotic sentiments so beautifully expressed, and the hearty thanks given to
the people of this State and city, find an echo in your hearts and in ours.
The Grand Army has again been most fortunate In its choice of a National Chief,
and we most heartily congratulate the Commander-in-Chief and our comrades every-
where on the success of the administration now near its end.
As a token of our appreciation of the efficiency, ability, and fidelity with which he
has discharged the arduous duties of his high office, we respectfully recommend that
the Council of Administration cause a proper testimonial to be prepared and pre-
sented, in the name and behalf of all the comrades, to Commander-in-Chief Com-
rade S. S. BUKDETT.
2. Your Committee have carefully considered that portion of the address of the
Commander-in-Chief relating to Memorial Day, and most respectfully recommend
that Article XIV, Chapter V, Rules and Regulations for the Government of the Grand
Army of the Republic, be amended so that the last clause thereof shall read as
follows:
"When such day occurs on Sunday, the preceding day shall be observed, except
where, by legal enactment, the succeeding day is made a legal holiday, when such day
shall be observed."
3. The final settlement of the much disputed question of the integrity of badges,
is a cause of congratulation, and our Commander-in-Chief is entitled to the hearty
thanks of every comrade for the earnest and effective manner in which he has dis-
charged uis duty in this respect.
316 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
We concur in the recommendation of the Commander-in-Chief that the design re-
cently patented be adopted by a formal resolution.
4. While the members of the Grand Army of the Republic most heartily endorse
every proper effort to give to their comrades the full benefit of the laws of our country
which provide that those who have been honorably discharged from the military and
naval service, by reason of disability resulting from wounds or sickness incurred in the
line of duty, shall be ])referred for appointment to civil offices, we are of the opinion
that the G. A. R. should not hold itself responsible for the acts of any other organiza-
tion. The timely warning of the Commander in Chief in this regard should, we think,
be heeded. Therefore we deem it proper to suggest that we extend to the Veterans'
Rights Union our hearty sympathy in its efforts to serve our comrades in every pro-
per manner and that all comrades w ill, to the extent of their ability, second such ef-
forts- but it should be distinctly understood that the G. A. R,, as an organization, is
not and w^ill not stand responsible for the acts of that or any other organization.
And we demand the rigid enforcement of Section 1754, Revised Statutes, and an
amendment thereto, so as to give preference to all honorably discharged soldiers and
sailors who are now physically disabled, whether discharged for disability or not, pro-
vided that such soldiers or sailors be found competent.
o. Your Committee call special attention to the action of the Commander-in-Chief
touching the matter of creating a fund for the erection of a suitable memorial to our
late Comrade U. S. Grant. We fully approve of the action already taken and recom-
mend a resumption of the scheme now held in abeyance, and the raising of a fund
through the organization of the G. A. R., of not less than $100,000, for the erection of
such memorial at the Capitol of the Nation.
6. Your Committee heartily commend the suggestion of the Commander's address
respecting the suspension and dropping of comrades from the rolls of the member-
ship for non-payment of dues, and recommend an amendment of the Rules and Regu-
lations, providing that no comrade .shall be dropped from the roll of membership ex-
cept by a majority vote of his Post, at a regular meeting, held at least four weeks
after notice given at a previous regular meeting, that such vote would b_ taken.
7. We also approve the recommendation that the surplus funds of the National
Encampment be invested and k«pt invested in the bonds of the United States.
The warm words of commendation of the Woman's Relief Corps, contained in the
address of the Commander-in-Chief, will meet with a hearty response from every
member of the Grand Army of the Republic. There is no brighter page in the
history of the rebellion than that which records the heroic sacrifices of American
women. At the fireside where tears are shed and breaking hearts commune with
God, there may be found a valor and heroi-sm that never shone on battle-field, nor
answered to the trump of fame, and the story of a grander martyrdom than any page
of history records, sleeps in many and many an humble grave where a woman's pulse-
less heart goes back to du-st. It is fitting, therefore, that the patriotic women of
America should share with us the work which recalls a past in which they bore so
conspicuous and so honorable a part. We have so frecpiently and so unreservedly
given our endorsement to the Woman's Relief Corps, that, as our Commander sug-
gests, "a breach of promise would lie if we should now attempt to ignore the bar-
gain, or refu.se a dutiful performance of conditions." But .such a wish is farthest
from our tiiougiits. Rather let the union be fully consummated, and may we walk
together in Faith, Love and Charity, until death do us part.
8. The organization knf)wn as the Sons of Veterans has always received the God-
speed of our National Kiicami)ments. It is a natural outgrowth of the lessons of loy-
alty taught by our Order, and is, we believe, destined to exert a powerful influence
Administration of S. S. Burdett. 317
in behalf of loyalty aad good citizenship, long after the Grand Army of the Eepublic
shall have passed away. "We therefore cordially endorse the sentiments expressed in
the Commander's address touching this active, growing and useful organization.
9. In order to carry out these suggestions and recommendations we report for
adoption the following resolutions:
a. Resolred, That the existing Council of Administration be instructed to cause a
suitable testimonial to b3 procured and presented to the Commander-in-Cliief.
b. Resolved, That the design of a badge recently patented, as stated by the Com-
mander-in-Chief, be, and the same is hereby, adopted as a membership badge of the
Grand Army of the Republic ; and that all comrades should in every case procure their
badges from the proper Grand Army authorities.
c. Resolved, That the Council of Administration be instructed to invest the sum of
$20,000 of the funds now in the hands of the Quartermaster-General, in the bonds of
the United States.
d. Resolved, That there be created a committee, to be known as the Grant Memo-
rial Committee, to be composed of one member from each Department, and the Com-
mander in-Chief elect, who shall be chairman of said committee, whose duty it
shall be to supervise the creation of a fund for the erection of a suitable memorial at
the Capitol of the United States.
e. Resolved, That the Commander-in-Chief be empowered to select from said Com-
mittee an Executive Committee of nine.
Paragraph 4 of tlie report, referring to the Veterans' Rights
Union was non-concurred in, and the following substituted :
4. Resolved, That this Encampment recognizes and endorses to the fullest extent
the objects of the Veterans' Rights Union, and recommends and requests the various
Departments of the Grand Army of the Republic to institute and perfect in each De-
partment, an organization similar to those already in existence in the Departments of
New York and Pennsylvania, for the protection of the rights of the veterans under
the law. Be it also resolved, That a copy of these resolutions, properly attested, be
forwarded to the President and Vice-President of the United States, and to the sev-
eral members of the Cabinet, as the voice of the 300,000 members of this organization
on the question.
The report as amended was then adopted unanimously.
On Report of Adjutant-General Cameron :
The Adjutant-General has rendered a very complete and comprehensive report, and
one that indicates the wisdom of his being selected to fill an office of the utmost im-
portance, and one which he had all the qualifications to fill to the entire satisfaction of
the Grand Army of the Republic.
The saving of money to the Grand Army of the Republic by the engrossing of 366
commissions, which work has been done by the Adjutant General in connection with
the duties of his office, is worthy of especial mention.
We desire to call especial attention to the preservation of the records of the Grand
Army of the Republic. This is a matter of the utmost importance, and every facility
should be afforded the Adjutant-General to properly preserve the records, and to that
end we recommend that the Council of Administration be directed to confer with the
318 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
Adjutaut-Gencml, and provide proper means for the care aud preservation of the re-
cords of the G. A. R.
We take jileasure in commending Comrade John Cameron, Adjutant-General,
for that conscientious and faithful performance of duty that entitles him to the warm-
est thanks of the Grand Army of the Republic.
On Report of Quartermaster-General Taylor :
Your Committee, appointed to examine the report of the Quartermaster-General,
have thoroughly examined the same and find it correct in every particular.
We would refer to the recommendation of the Quartermaster-General regarding the
price of badges, that they be reduced, and concur in the same.
We further recommend that the Council of Administration take up this matter and
reduce the price of all supplies as far as possible.
The efficiency and courtesy uniformly displayed by Quartermaster-General Taylor
in discharge of his official duties, entitles him to the thanks of the Encampment.
On Report of Inspector-General Yanosdol :
The report shows a gratifying increase of growth and prosperity of the Grand
Army of the Republic. We cordially endorse the suggestions of the Inspector-Gen-
eral, that there be one annual inspection, and that the report be made up to Decem-
ber 31st. We also endorse the suggested change in Form E.
On Report of Judge-Advocate-Geueral Grosvenor :
We have carefully examined the report and decisions, and desire to bear testimony
to the conspicuous care aud fidelity with which the Judge- Advocate-General has dis-
charged the duties of his position.
The Departments of New Jersey and Delaware desire to present to the Committee
statements aud testimony in relation to the opinions in cases arising from their respective
Departments, but as this was incident to an appeal from the Commander-in-Chief the
Committee were of opinion that the matter should be presented directly to the En-
cam]nuent.
The C'oramittee report that the opinions of the Judge- Advocate-General are correct
and that they should be approved.
COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS.
The Committee on Resolutions recommended tlie following :
1. liesoh'nd. That we request the rigid enforcement of the provisions of Section
1754, Revised Statutes of the United Slates.
Jlesolved, That patriotism, justice and equity alike demand that the provisions of
Section 1754, Revised Statutes of the United States, be so amended as to embrace all
honorably discharged soldiers and sailors now disabled ])y reason of wounds or di.sease
oontrafted in the service of their country, whether discharged for physical disability
or otherwise, when found to Ik- fully competent.
Administbation of S. S. Burdett. 319
2. Resolved, That the obligation which the Grovernment of the United States owes
to the soldiers and sailors disabled in its service, differs in no respect from those due
to any of its other creditors, unless it be that they are of a more sacred and binding
character; and in the payment of these obligations no measures for raising the money
required should be employed which are not applied to every other species of indebted-
ness.
3. Besolved, That the Commander-in-Chief of the Grand Army be requested to
procure orders from the Secretary of War, and from the Secretary of the Navy, per-
mitting the officers, soldiers and sailors who served in the army and navy of the
United States, and who belong to this organization, to wear the badge of the Grand
Army of the Republic, where so serving.
PENSIONS.
Majority and minority reports were made on the proposition
for " service pensions." the majority against and the minority in
favor of the same. The minority report, read by Comrade T. W.
Bennett, Indiana, was as follows :
We believe that if this Encampment is to truly represent the veterans of the old
army, it must itself initiate pension legislation, and not accept the suggestion of pen-
sion claim agents and party politicians; that the veterans favor this measure because
it spares them degrading conditions, trifling technicalities, and mocking delays; that
the financial condition of the country permits it; that ample precedents support it;
that a majority of the G. A. R. Posts have petitioned for it; that the failing health and
energies of the veterans require it, and that the justice and honor of the country de-
mand it.
The subject was debated at length. The majority report,
against service pensions, was adopted.
REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON PENSIONS.
During the year your Committee has appeared three times before the Pension Com-
mittee of Congress to urge an immediate enlargement and liberalization of the pension
laws. One of the most important measures demanded in the name of the Grand
Army has become law, in the increase of pensions to widows from $8 to $12 per
month.
In accordance with the nearly unanimous expression of three successive National
Encampments, your Committee has urged, with such earnestness as we could com-
mand, that Congress provide for placing upon the pension rolls of the Nation, every
honorably discharged soldier and sailor who served in the war against rebellion, who is
or b:comes 65 years of age, and every one who is or may become disabled or in need,
320 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
without requiring proof that such disability is iu consequence of, or the dependence
arising from, such service.
This legislation would provide pensions for the aged, the poor, and the disabled—
for everybody but the absolutely well and rich— and forever close the doors of the
almshouses of the land against the entrance of any veteran who gave to the country
his services in the hour of need.
Your Committee urged, further, a liberal increase of pensions to the severely dis-
abled; that dependence of parents should be made present and not past; that pensions
to minor children shall be increased, and the time during which aid be extended, and
that there shall be a just equalization of bounties. Bill 1886, practically embodying
the recommendations of this Committee, passed the Senate and is now pending in the
House.
The recommendation for an increase of pensions to the severely disabled also
passed the Senate, and is also upon the calendar of the House.
Diirino- the present session of Congress this Committee addressed the Commander-
in-Chief an indignant protest against the proposition to brand the veterans as beggars,
by attaching to pension bills, and no other species of legislation, a special measure of
taxation to provide for the payment thereof.
Since the organization of this Committee, other of its important recommendations
have been ingrafted into the pension laws, including the repeal of that most unjust
provision, in force for twenty years, requiring the applicant to prove his physical
soundness at the time of his enlistment.
With but a single exception, the Committee has received the most courteous treat-
ment from members of the two branches of Congress of both the great political par-
ties. One man alone, Colonel William Q. Morrison, of Illinois, cared so little for the
plea of the representatives of three hundred thousand soldiers, in behalf of their dis-
abled comrades, that he could insultingly break off a two-minutes interview.
After an experience in this work of four years, your Committee is of the opinion that
it is alike wise and for the l)est interests of the veterans to pursue the course marked
out by previous National Encampments, and that the Grand Army shall continue to
demand of Congress the prompt passage of the measures heretofore endorsed by this
Encampment in favor of the aged, the poor, and needy veterans, and that until this
is accomplished, the rich and well can afford to wait before demanding pensions for
themselves.
The report was adopted.
RULES AND REGULATIONS.
An extended discussion was had on the proposition to strike
out from the Kules and Regulations ex-officio membership of Past
Department Commanders in Department Encampments and in the
National Enciinpment, and of Past Post Commanders in Depart-
ments. The pro])osed amendments were not adopted. The Rules
relative to Radges were amended to incorporate the additional
corps-marks and patented designs as reported by the Commander-
in-Chief.
Administration of S. S. Burdett. 321
GENERAL RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED.
Whereas, The preservation of the unity of the Government is the highest duty of
all; and Whereas, It is the duty of citizens everywhere to try and enforce the laws;
and Whereas, Any interference by a so-called ecclesiastical authority with temporal
affairs is a menace to the institutions of the country; and Whereas, the Mormon
leaders have for years taught, and continue to teach, their people to look upon the
Government as an enemy, and continue an organization bj' and through which the
laws are nullified and the flag insulted: Therefore, We, the members of the Grand
Army of the Republic, in Encampment assembled, recognizing the facts, demand that
the flag be everywhere respected, and do resolve that it is the duty of the American
people to require their Reiwesentatives in Congress to pass .such laws as will effectually
release the Territories of the United States from the control of said organization, and
will insure to every one the protection of the laws.
Whereas, It has come to the knowledge of this National Encampment that the
flag of our country has been lowered at half-mast over the Government Departments
at Washington, in honor of one Jacob Thompson, of Mississippi ; and.
Whereas, It is well demonstrated by history that Jacob Thompson was the man
who organized and purchased infected clothing to spread contagious diseases through
the North, and to burn northern cities, thereby involving our families in the horrors
of uncivilized warfare that appalled the Christian world; therefore, be it
Resolved, By this National Encampment, that to carry out one of the trusts of the
Grand Army of the Republic, to protect the flag unsullied, we can but condemn the
use of the flag to honor Jacob Thompson, or any one who aided cr abetted him to in-
augurate such unholy and savage warfare.
Whereas, The dead who fell in battle and died of disease at Fort Meigs, in 1813,
lie in unmarked and uncared-for graves ; and
Whereas, Fort Meigs is a historical spot of the first importance in the War of
1812-1815; and
Whereas, The soldiers, whose graves are to be protected in that place came prin-
cipally from the States of Kentucky, Virginia. Pennsylvania and Ohio ; therefore,
be it
Resolved, That a committee of six members of this Encampment be appointed, one
each from the States of Kentucky, Virginia, West Virginia, Pennsylvania, Ohio and
Indiana, to visit Fort Meigs, during the ensuing year, examine the site and the burial
place of its dead, and to report at the next Annual National Encampment, the result
of such investigation, together with such recommendation as may be deemed proper
in the premises.
THANKS FOR HOSPITALITIES EXTENDED.
Resolved, That this Encampment tender to the comrades of the Department of
California, the citizens of the State at large, and of the city of San Francisco, who
have tendered to the Grand Army of the Republic such a generous, open-hearted wel-
come, their sincere and heart felt thanks. Their action toward the veterans of the
war has proven to us that loyalty has an abiding place on the Pacific slope, where is
found not only the Golden Gate to this continent, but a golden pathway to a stronger
Fraternity, a purer Charity, and a grander Loyalty in the heart of every lover ox
his country and comrade of the Grand Army of the Republic.
21
322 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
Department Commander Jos. I. Sayles, New York, presented
to the Department of California a handsome banner and an album,
contributed by Posts of the Department of New York, through
Comrade E. A. Dubey, of Brooklyn.
Comrade W. E. Smedberg, accepted the testimonial for the
Department of California, and, on behalf of the Post at Honolulu,
presented to the National Encampment a gavel made from native
wood of the Sandwich Islands, which the Commander-in-Chief ac-
cepted on behalf of the Encampment.
General W. T. Sherman, by special invitation of the Encamp-
ment, read a most interesting address on the series of events lead-
ing to the war with Mexico and the conquest of California, in
which, as an officer of the U. S. Army, he had taken part.
In briefly referring to the rebellion, he said :
Let us forget the old North and the old South and devote our lives to the devel-
opment of the newer and grander Union which you, my fellow -soldiers, have had so
large a share in creating. Though it was hard for us to realize the truth, we now be-
lieve the civil war was worth all it cost in precious life and treasure, and that the South
received the largest share of benefit. We cherish the memories of that war and may
profit by its lessons. We are a grander people than before the civil war, and far
better able to cope with the mighty issues which the future may have in store
for us.
You, my beloved comrades of tlie war of 1861-5, have abundant reason for your
faith in the majesty and security of this new Union, with the Atlantic States, the Pa-
cific States, and the great center, bound together in harmouy by rivers and moun-
tains, and by bands of 'ieel, each State controlling its own property and interests,
with a strong Government over all. Yet in your conventions and feasts you can well
spare some words of cheer to your older comrades of the Mexican War, who did so
much to eularge the national domain and make possible the glorious work you after-
ward so thoroughly accomplished. We cannot expect to tarry long to enjoy the fruits
of our labor, but untold generations of intelligent men and beautiful women will be
here to protect, defend and maintain tliese conquests, and meantime we have a right
to be proud and content that in our day and generation we have largely contributed
to build up and strengthen the fabric of government fashioned by our fathers, sanc-
tifed by the great name of Washington, made double precious by the noble virtues
of our martyred Lincoln, and crowned by tlie achievements of our comrade, Grant,
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The election of officers resulted as follows :
Commander-in-Chief, Lucius Fairchild, Madison, ■Wisconsin.
Senior Vice-Comraander-in-Chief, Samuel W. Backus, San
Francisco, California.
Administration of S. 8. Burdett. 323
Junior Yice-Commander-in-Cliief, Edgar Allan, Eiclimond,
Yirgiuia.
Surgeon-General, Ambrose S. Everett, Denver, Colorado.
Chaplain-in-Cliief, T. C. Warner, Chattanooga, Tennessee.
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
Arkansas, Thomas Boles ; California, N. P. Chipman ; Colo-
rado, Frank Hunter ; Connecticut, Wm. Edgar Simonds ; Dakota,
George A. Silsby ; Delaware, George W. King ; Florida, E. W.
Henck ; Louisiana, Henry Schorten ; Illinois, E. F. Wilson ; In-
diana, Cortland E. Whitsit ; Iowa, J. B. Morgan ; Kansas, J. W.
Feighan ; Kentucky, D. O'Eiley ; Maine, A. M. Sawyer ; Mary-
land, George B. Creamer ; Massachusetts, John L. Otis ; Michi-
gan, George M. Devlin ; Minnesota, W. W. P. McConnell ; Mis-
souri, Eugene F. Weigel ; Montana, W. F. Sanders ; Nebraska,
James O. West ; New Hampshire, James Minot ; New Jersey,
Bishop W. Mains ; New Mexico, T. W. Collier ; New York, Henry
E. Turner ; Ohio, D. E. Austin, ; Oregon, Charles L. Fa}- ; Penn-
sylvania, Samuel Harper ; Potomac, Solomon E. Faunce ; Ehode
Island, George O. Eddy ; Tennessee and Georgia, Edward S.
Jones ; Texas, A. Belknap ; Utah, W. H. Nye ; Yermont, Ed. H.
Trick ; Yirginia, Peter Morton ; Washington Territory, Frank
G. Frary ; West Yirginia, S. F. Shaw ; AYisconsin, J. L. AYheat.
The officers-elect were installed by Past Commander-in-Chief
George S. Merrill. ''
COURTESIES EXTENDED.
The comrades of the Grand Army in California, the citizens of
San Francisco and of the State, had arranged, by liberal contribu-
tions, for the entertainment of the visitors to this reunion, upon
a scale never before attempted in the history of the Grand Army
of the Eepublic.
Notwithstanding the immense crowds of people, the hotel and
boarding-house accommodations were ample, and thus one great
cause of discomfort, usually attendant upon such occasions, was
removed.
From Monday, August 2, until Saturday eveniiig, August 7,
there was a series of entertainments under the charge of the Gen-
eral Committee, of which Comrade S. W. Backus was the efficient
324 Grand Army of the Republic.
cliairmau, and by the local Posts of San Francisco. On the 3rd,
there was a parade under the marshalship of Comrade Walter H.
Holmes, and on Friday evening the members of the National En-
campment were entertained at a grand banquet.
During the week following the officers and members of the
Grand Army of the Eepublic, and of the Woman's Relief Corps,
were handsomely entertained in a number of cities and towns of
the State, to which visits were made upon special invitations.
Everywhere the visitors were the recipients of the most generous
hospitality and kindly consideration and courtesy.
The total contributions for the Entertainment Fund were :
From the State of California, - - $25,000 00
All other sources, _ _ - - 55,309 93
Total, - - 80,309 93
Expended for the Encampment, - - 74,779 07
Surplus, - 5,530 86
This surplus was expended by the Committee, in the erection
of a Memorial Cottage at the Veterans Home, Yountville.
^OtCLcetlc^ c9iit^',-c/2^ >
CHAPTER XXV.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF LUCIUS FAIRCHILD-
TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL SESSION, ST. LOUIS, SEPTEMBER 28,
1887.
Commander-in-Chief Fairchild established headquarters in
Madison, Wisconsin, and appointed on the National staff :
Adjutant-General, E. B. Gray, Madison.
Quartermaster-General, John Taylor, Philadelphia.
Judge-Advocate-General, Henry E. Taintor, Hartford.
Inspector-General, Jacob M. Hunter, Cincinnati.
Assistant Adjutant-General, F. W. Oakley, Madison, Wiscon-
sin.
General Lucius Fairchild, Commander-in-Chief, was born in
Kent county, Ohio, December 31, 1831. His family removed to
Madison, Wisconsin, in 1846. In 1849 he went overland to Cali-
fornia, and remained there until 1855, when he returned to Madi-
son. He enlisted April 16, 1861, in Company K, 1st Wisconsin
Vols. AVas chosen Captain, and so served until he was apj)ointed
Captain 16tli Eegiment, U. S. A., in November, 1863, from which
regiment he obtained leave of absence to serve as Major, 2d
Wisconsin Infantry, in which regiment he was promoted Lieu-
tenant-Colonel and Colonel.
In the first day's fight at Gettysburg the 2d Wisconsin per-
formed most gallant service, and captured a large part of Archer's
Brigade. Here Colonel Fairchild, in directing an important
movement, had an arm so badly shattered that it had to be am-
putated near the shoulder.
He was promoted to be Brigadier-General, U. S. Vols., to date
October 19, 1863. Kesigned, on account of disability, November
2, 1863. Was elected Secretary of State of Wisconsin in 1864, and
Governor in October, 1865, and so served for five annual terms.
In 1872, he was appointed United States Consul to Liverpool ;
in 1875, Consul-General to Paris ; in 1880, United States Minister
[325]
32r) Grand Army of the Republic.
to Spain. He resigned December 25, 1881, and retiirned to the
Uuited States.
He was a charter-member of the first Post formed in Wiscon-
sin, June 10, 18()B. He was elected Senior Vice-Commander-in-
Chief at Cincinnati, May 12, 1809, and re-elected at Washington,
May 11, 1870. In 1886 he was Department Commander of Wis-
consin, but resigned that position on his election as Commander-
in-Chief.
General S. W. Backus, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, is a
native of Poughkeepsie, New York. He went to California when
a boy. In December, 1862. he returned east to join the army,
and enlisted in the " California Battalion " of the 2d Massachu-
setts Cavalry, December, 1862, and served two years and a half
with that famous regiment, as Corjjoral, Sergeant and Second
Lieutenant, in the Army of the Potomac and under General Sheri-
dan. After the close of the war he was commissioned in a Cali-
fornia regiment, and served with that command until 1866, having
been in many severe Indian fights with the Modoc and other In-
dian tribes.
He has filled many important positions since his final muster-
out— as a member of the California Legislature, as Adjutant-
General of the State, and Postmaster of San Francisco.
He became a member of the Grand Army in 1867. Has been
twice Commander of Lincoln Post No. 1, Department of Cali-
fornia, and was the third Department Commander. He was
Chairman of the General and Executive Committee of Arrange-
ments for the Twentieth Encampment, and was afterwards
presented with a magnificent gold l)adge, set in diamonds, as a
testimonial from his fellow-committeemen. He is engaged in
the real estate and insurance business at Santa Barbara, Cali-
fornia.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Edgar Allan was born in
1842, in Birmingham, England, and on December 81, 1862, secretly
left home to come to America to join the Union Army. On ar-
riving in New York, he at once went to Detroit, where, in June,
1863, he enlisted in the 7th Michigan Cavalry. This regiment be-
came a part of Custer's Brigade, and shared in every battle in
wliich his cavalry was engaged, from Gettysburg to Appomattox.
Comrade Allan was wounded at tli(> skirmish of Summit Point,
Administration of Lucius Fairchild. 327
in the valley, just before the battle of Winchester, in August,
1864, and was left on the field. He subsequently joined his regi-
men*", and served until the end of the war, being mustered-out on
the 29th of July, 1865. He settled in Prince Edward county,
Virginia, and established himself there as Attorney-at-law, and in
spite of the fact that he had fought against the cause of those who
were now his neighbors, he soon gained a large practice. He was
Delegate-at-large to the Chicago National Republican Convention
in 1868, and was elected five times Attorney for the Common-
wealth in Prince Edward county, the last time without opposi-
tion.
Upon his removal to Richmond the citizens of his county,
Democrats and Republicans alike, united in testimonials of their
esteem and consideration. He was elected State Senator and
served as such from 1873-1877. He is a member of Phil. Kearny
Post No. 10, of Richmond, and was its Commander.
Surgeon-General Ambrose S. Everett (re-elected). See Chap-
ter XXIY.
Colonel Edmund B. Gray, Adjutant-General, was commissioned
Captain Company C, 4th Wisconsin Inf. Vols., April 25, 1861.
Resigned April 10, 1862, on account of disability. On August 30,
1862, was commissioned Major 28th AYis. Vol. Inf. Promoted
Lieutenant-Colonel, June 16, 1863 ; Colonel, March 16, 1864, and
was mustered-out August 23, 1865.
He joined the Grand Army of the Republic in 1867. After-
wards became a member of Post No. 138, Palmyra, Wisconsin.
Is now (1888) Assistant Adjutant-General of the Department.
Captain John Taylor, Quartermaster-General (re-appointed).
See Chapter XXI.
Jacob M. Hunter, Inspector-General, enlisted February 3, 1864,
at the age of 17, as a Private in Company K, 50th N. Y. Engineers,
and served with that regiment in the Fifth Army Corps until
mustered-out, June 13, 1865.
Became a member of Geo. H. Thomas Post No. 13, Cincinnati,
in March, 1881, and has served each year as a Representative in
the Department Encampment. Was Post Commander in 1884.
He is engaged in business in Cincinnati.
328 Grand Army of the Republic.
Lieutenant Henry Ellswortli Taintor, Jndga-Advocate-General,
enlisted as a Private in Company A, 1st Conn. Haavy Artillery,
January 14, ISfil, and was promoted Quartermaster-Sergaant,
Sergeant, 8ergeant-Major, and Second Lieutenant Company B.
Was mustered-out September 25, 1865.
He joined Nathaniel Lyon Post, No, 2, Hartford, Connecticut,
March, 1867. AVas subsequently transferred to Post No. 22 at
Hartford, Connecticut, and remained a member until it disbanded.
Joined Post No. 4, located at South Manchester, Connecticut, and
was subsequently transferred to Robert O. Tyler Post, No. 50,
Hartford.
Was Senior Vice-Commander, Post 50, in 1882 ; Commander,
1883-1884 ; Assistant Adjutant-General of the Department, 1869-
1873, and again 1882-1885 ; Judge-Advocate, 1875 ; Council of
Administration, 1880-1881 ; Junior Vice-Commander of Depart-
ment, 1885 ; Senior Vice-Commander, 1886 ; and Commander,
1887.
TWENTY-FIRST ANNUAL SESSION, ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, SEPTEMBER 28,
1887.
The National Encampment met in St. Louis on the above date>
Commander-in-Chief Lucius Fairchild presiding.
COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS.
E. B. Gray, Adjutant-General, Thomas J. Stewart, Pennsyl-
vania ; John H. Thacher, Connecticut ; J. E. SteAvart, Ohio ; E.
Henry Jenks, Pihode Island.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief Lucius Fairchild.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Edgar Allan.
Surgeon-General Ambrose S. Everett.
Adjutant-General E. B. Gray.
Quartermaster-General John Taylor.
Inspector-General Jacob M. Hunter.
Judge-Advocate-General Henry E. Taintor.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
Colorado, Frank Hunter ; Connecticut, G. W. Coy; Delaware,
Geo. AV. King ; Florida, E. AV. Henck ; Gulf, Henry Schorten ;
Geoup of National Officers, 1886.
Administration of Lucius Fairchild. 329
Illinois, E. F. Wilson ; Indiana, Courtland E, Whitsitt ; Iowa, J.
B. Morgan ; Kansas, John W. Feighau ; Kentucky, D. O'Reilly ;
Maine, A. M. Sawyer ; Massachusetts, John L. Otis ; Maryland,
Geo. B. Creamer; Michigan, G. M. Devlin; Minnesota, A. Scheffer;
Missouri, Eugene F. AVeigel ; Montana, W. F. Sanders ; Nebraska,
James O. West; New Hampshire, James Minot ; New Jersey, Bishop
AV. Mains ; New York, Henry E. Turner ; Ohio, D. R. Austin ;
Oregon, Clias. L. Fay ; Pennsylvania, Samuel Harper ; Potomac,
Solomon E. Faunce; Rhode Island, Chas. O. Ballou ; Utah, W. H,
Nye ; Vermont, Ed. H. Trick ; Virginia, Peter Morton ; West
Virginia, S. F. Shaw ; Wisconsin, J. L. Wheat.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
Arkansas, 8 ; California, 15 ; Colorado, 8 ; Connecticut, 11 ;
Dakota, 8 ; Delaware, 4 ; Florida, 5 ; Gulf, 3 ; Illinois, 39 ; Iowa,
28 ; Kansas, 29 ; Kentucky, 9 ; Maine, 12 ; Massachusetts, 28 ;
Maryland, 7 ; Michigan, 28 ; Minnesota, 16 ; Missouri 17 ; Mon-
tana, 2 ; Nebraska, 16 ; New Hampshire, 9 ; New Jersey, 12 ; New
Mexico, 5 ; New York, 49 ; Ohio, 45 ; Oregon, 3 ; Pennsylvania,
48 ; Potomac, 11 ; Rhode Island, 9 ; Tennessee and Georgia, 5 ;
Texas, 6 ; Utah, 3 ; Vermont, 12 ; Virginia, 4 ; Washington Terri-
tory, 5 ; West Virginia, 6 ; Wisconsin, 22. Total, 37 Departments
and 547 Department Officers and Representatives ; National Offi-
cers, 38. Total present, 585.
ADDRESS OF THE COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF.
Commander-in-Chief Lucius Fairchild, in his address, con-
gratulated the comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic on
the evidences of permanent and healthy growth, and on the assur-
ance that the loyal people of the country were with them heart
and soul, and would so continue while the Order kept strictly
within the path of duty marked out by the founders of the organ-
ization.
He had devoted his whole time to the discharge of the duties
of his office and had visited 28 of the 38 Departments.
He referred to the Encampment for action the proposition
of Mr. Jos. W. Drexel, of New York, to present to the Grand Army
the cottage at Mount McGregor in which General Grant died.
He had visited Charleston, South Carolina, to ascertain if
330 Grand Army of the Republic.
the Graud Army could in any way be of service to the people of
that stricken city, and finding from personal observation that helj)
was needed, had called on the Order for contributions. Collec-
tions were being rajiidly made when the Mayor notified him that
no further aid would be required. The gross sum contributed
within a few days amounted to $7,047.33.
HISTORIAN.
He urged that a history of the Order should be now written by
some comrade competent and willing to undertake the task, who
should be encouraged by the assurance that his work was sanc-
tioned by the Grand Army of the Republic.
PENSIONS.
He referred at length to the position of the National Encamp-
ment upon the subject of pensions :
We have been for years of one mind in considering it but simple justice that the
United States should at least grant a pension of not less than $12 per month to all
persons who served three months or more in the military or naval service of the
United States, during tlie war of the rebellion, and who have been honorably dis-
charged therefrom, and who are now, or wlxo may hereafter be, suffering from mental
or physical disability, not the result of their own vicious habits, which incapacitates
them for the performance of manual labor.
Our path in this direction has been straight. We have diverged neither to the
riglit nor to the left. We have seen before us our needy, disabled comrades, and
shoulder to shoulder we have marched in the way where relief for them could be
won. We will not desist now. We will not be persuaded to desert them. Because
they are in sorrow and distress, they are a thousand times more than ever our com-
rades. Becavise they need help, we will draw closer and closer to them. They
shall not be the inmates of the common pauper house, nor shall their widows or their
orphan children, if we can prevent it.
We will continue to ask for aid until there is no wail of sorrow heard from the
destitute and disabled veterans or their families.
veterans' rights union.
The members of the Veterans' Rights Union are entitled to the thanks of those in-
terested in the welfare of ex-soldiers for their continued and successful efforts to
as.sist such comrades as desire aid. in procuring situations, public or private, whereby
they can earn a livelihood.
Tlieir unselfish and kindly labors in behalf of our comrades are fully appreciated
and I conirratulate tin ni on the marked success which has attended their efforts in the
dircetion of the enforcement of the laws giving i)reference for public service to
ex Union soldiers. I hope and believe they will continue the good work.
Administration of Lucius Fairchild. 331
WOMAN S RELIEF CORPS.
The time has long since gone by when argument is required to demonstrate- the
great usefulness of this Order of noble women. The zealous, thoughtful and efficient
labors of the members have been in the pist, are now, and without doubt will con
tiuue in the future to be the most convincing evidence that they are banded together
for a high and holy purpose.
That their organization has dispen5ed more tlian $50,000 in charity during the
past year is as nothing compared with the unceasing and tender sympathy always ex-
tended to comrades in suffering, sorrow and distress, which woman alone knows how
to bestow.
Let us, for these noble and unselfish services, proffer these loyal women our heart-
felt thanks, and extend to them every encouragement in our power.
I heartily congratulate all who have the pleasure to attend this great re-union of
old comrades whose friendship was welded in the hot flame of battle, in the camp, on
the march, and cemented by the love which all bore and still maintain for the Union.
In Fraternity, Charity and Loyalty we stand, proud of the fact that there is not now,
nor has there ever been any bitter feeling of hate for tliose of our fellow-citizens who,
once in arms against us, but now being loyal, have long ago taken their old-tim3
places in our hearts, never, we devoutly hope, to be removed therefrom. We have
not now, nor have we at any time since the war closed, had any disposition to open
again the bloody chasm which once unhappily divided this people. We not only will
not ourselves re-open that dreadful abyss, but we will, with the loyal people. North
and South, protest against all attempts which others may make to do so, by holding
up, for especial honor and distinction, anything that pertains to or in any manner
glorifies the cause of disunion.
With the people of the South we only seek to continue the friendly rivalry long
ago entered upon in the effort to make our beloved land great and prosperous and its
people intelligent, happy and virtuous.
We will rival them in exalting all that pertains to and honors this great Union and
in condemning everything that tends to foster a hostile sentiment thereto. We will
rival them in earnest endeavors to inculcate in the minds of all the citizens of this
country, and especially of our children, a heartfelt love for the United States of Amer-
ica, to the end that present and coming generations shall in every part of the land
believe in and " Maintain true allegiance thereto, based upon a paramount respect for
and fidelity to its constitution and laws," which will lead them to " Discountenance
whatever tends to weaken loyalty, incites to insurrection, treason or rebellion, or in
any manner impairs the efficiency and permanency of our free institutions," and will
impel them " To encourage the spread of universal liberty, equal rights and justice
to all men," and to defend these sentiments, which are quoted from the fundamental
law of our Order, with their lives, if need be; and to the further end, that they shall
so revere the emblems of the Union that under no circumstances can be coupled with
them in the same honorable terms the symbols of a sentiment which is antagonistic to
its perpetuity.
The contemplation of the grand picture of a long ago preserved Union, a mighty
people prospering as no people on earth ever before prospered, with a future far
beyond that which opens to any other nation, a land, comrades, which to all its
citizens is worth living for, and a country and government worth dying for, consti-
332 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
tutes the greatest reward of those who have suffered aud bled and striven that such a
spectacle mis^ht be possible.
REPORTS OF STAFF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General E. B. Gray reported :
Members in good standing March 31, 1886 295,337
Gained by muster 54,942
by transfer 6,819
by reinstatement 24,838
" by delinquent reports 26,598
Total gain 113,197
Aggregate 408,534
Loss by death 3,406
" by honorable discharge 2,063
" by transfer 8,950
" by suspeu-sion 42,428
'■ by dishonorable discharge 415
" by delinquent reports 30,326
Total loss 87,588
Members in good standing March 31, 1887 320,946
Total number remaining suspended 23, 496
Total number by delinquent reports 10,129
Number of Posts reported March 31, 1886 5,765
Number of Posts reported March 31, 1887 6,312
Net gain in membership during the year (in good standing) 25,609
Net gain of Posts during the year 540
CHARITY.
The total amount reported expended in charity, March 31, 1886, to March 31,
1887, inclusive, is s253,934.43. Number of persons relieved 26,606; 17,607 of these
were members of tiie Order, or the families of such ; 8,999 were either ex-soldiers,
not members, or those dejiendent on them.
This amount represents not more than one-half the sum actually disbursed in
charity, the other half being bestowed informally and not reported by Posts.
DEATH RATE.
Quarter ending June 30, 1886 771
September 31, 1HS6 747
December 31, 1886 881
March 31, 1887 1,007
Total 3,406
Administeation of Lucius Fairchild. 333
It will be observeil that a fair regiment dies each quarter, and a strong brigade
each year.
It is quite noticeable that the death rate per 1,000 is considerably greater East than
"West. The reason is found in the fact that the younger men enlisted in this section,
and when the war was over, the younger of the Eastern soldiers came West.
Adjutant-General Gray included in his report a letter from
Comrade Frank A. Butts, Chief of Army and Navy Survivors' Divi-
sion of the Pension Office, forwarded by direction of General Jno.
C. Black, Commissioner of Pensio-ns, recording the work of names
of members of the Order, and others in that department, which
had enabled them to furnish addresses of 158,277 veterans in re-
sponse to the requests of applicants for pensions. It was again
requested that officers of Posts furnish the Pension Office with
rosters of their Posts.
Quartermaster-General John Taylor reported receipts, includ-
ing balance of $22,135.73 previously reported, $71,894.27; dis-
bursements, including $20,535 for purchase of $16,000 United
States 4 per cent, bonds, $59,292.39 ; balance, cash, $12,601.88 ;
total available assets, $33,838.24; Pensacola Fund, $1,501.95;
Grant Fund, $8,095.12.
Inspector-General Jacob M. Hunter presented a synopsis of
the Inspections of 4,504 Posts during the year. The amount re-
maining in Post Relief Funds was $354,131.57.
Judge-Advocate-General Henry E. Taintor reported the opin-
ions given in 36 cases submitted during the year.
Surgeon-General Ambrose S. Everett expressed the opinion that
the abolition of the requirements for Post Surgeons had been a
mistake. That it was important that the Grand Army should
have its own records of the disabilities of its members. He urged
that a system of reports should be established, showing the work
done in caring for destitute comrades and their families, and the
amount of charity dispensed yearly by the Medical Department in
visits, medicines and prescriptions. He submitted forms of re-
ports for this purpose.
334 Grand Army of the Republic.
committees appointed.
On Address of the Commander-in-Chief : — J. W. O'Neall, Ohio ;
E. I. Kidd, AViscousin ; J. M. Hamilton, Illinois ; Samuel Harper,
Pennsylvania ; Geo. S. Evans, Massachusetts.
On Report of the Adjutant-General : — Thomas S. Taylor, Cali-
fornia ; "William A. Wallace, New York ; J. W. Muffly, Iowa ;
Solomon E. Faunce, Potomac ; Thomas B. Rodgers, Missouri.
On Report of the Quartermaster-General : — William H. Pier-
pont, Connecticut ; Geo. B. Arnold, Minnesota ; Brad. P. Cook,
Nebraska ; W. W. Robacher, New York ; W. S. McNair, Dela-
ware.
On Report of the Judge-Advocate-General : — John L. Wheeler,
New Jersey ; R. B. Brown, Ohio ; Philip Fisher, California ; E.
C. Milliken, Maine ; Daniel Fish, Minnesota.
On Report of the Inspector-General : — C. StaAvitz, Missouri ;
E. Henry Jenks, Rhode Island ; I. N. Walker, Indiana ; James A.
Sexton, Illinois ; Williain H. Tripp, New Hampshire.
On the Report of the Surgeon-General : — N. M. Brooks, Poto-
mac ; A. V. Bohn, Colorado ; A. C. Sweetser, Illinois ; S. H.
Jumper, Dakota ; S. K. Robinson, Arkansas.
On Rules, Regulations, and Ritual : — R. B. Beatli, Pennsyl-
vania ; P. C. Hayes, Illinois ; M. M. Boothman, Ohio ; J. AY. Fei-
ghau, Kansas ; J. S. Graham, New York.
On Resolutions : — Philip Sidney Post, Illinois, Chairman ; C.
M. Barnes, Arkansas ; W. R. Smedberg, California ; Alexander
Gullett, Colorado ; J. M. Hubbard, Connecticut ; C. S. Palmer,
Dakota ; A. H. Grimshaw, Delaware ; J. AV. V. R. Plummer,
Florida ; AVilliam H. Harrison, Gulf ; Thomas W. Bennett, Indi-
ana ; JX)\ni B. Cooke, Iowa ; A. B. Campbell, Kansas ; S. G. Hillis,
Kentucky ; Hannibal Hamlin, Maine ; Samuel AA'eale, Massachu-
setts ; John Bowers, Maryland ; C. V. R. Pond, Michigan ; L. A.
Hancock, Minnesota ; Charles G. Burton, Missouri ; George W.
Shaw, Montana ; C. E. Burmester, Nebraska ; Thomas Cogswell,
New Hampshire ; AA'illiam B. E. Miller, New Jersey ; AA^illiam H.
AVhiteman, New Mexico ; George H. Treadwell, New York ; A. L.
Conger, Ohio ; E. B. McElroy, Oregon ; A. C. Reinoehl, Pennsyl-
Administration of Lucius Fairchild. 335
vania ; Joliu P. Church, Potomac ; George T. Cranston, Ehode
Island ; W. A. Gage, Tennessee and Georgia ; W. D. Wylie, Texas ;
Eli H. Murray, Utah ; Pearl D. Blodgett, Vermont ; P. T. Wood-
fin, Virginia ; A. P. Currj, Washington Territory ; Lee Haymond,
West Virginia ; George C. Ginty, Wisconsin.
REPORTS FROM. COMMITTEES.
On Address of Commander-in-Chief Lucius Fairchild :
Your committee, to whom was referred the able aud comprehensive address of
the Commander-in-Chief, submit the following, and ask its adoption :
The address is so complete, the loyal and patriotic sentiments so eloquently ex-
pressed, that little if anything remains for this committee to do or to say except to
recommend its hearty endorsement.
We congratutate Commander-in-Chief Fairchild and the comrades of the Grand
Army of the Republic upon the success of an administration so happily begun on the
golden shore of California, and now so soon to terminate in the live and enter-
prising city of St. Louis. All of the oScial acts, and every sentiment contained in
the address, meets the approval of yoiu* committee, and we believe with the approval
of the comrades.
To the discharge of the delicate and assiduous duties of the liigh office, so deserv-
edly bestowed by the Twentieth National Encampm_^ut, Comrade Fairchild brought
rare tact and talent. He has fearlessly and faithfully discharged every duty, always
having in view the best interests of the Grand Army of the Republic. He has
given his whole time and attention, which was far more than the comrades had a
right to ask or expect
As a token of the appreciation of the comrades of the Grand Army of the Repub-
lic, of the wisdom and fidelity with which he has discharged the perplexing and im-
portant duties of Commander-in-Chief, we respectfully recommend that the Council
of Administration cause a proper testimonial to be prepared and presented to Com-
mander in-Chief Fairchild in the name and on behalf of all of the comrades of the
Grand Army of the Republic.
The committee desire to specially express their approval of General Orders Nos.
12 and 13, as shown with the documents submitted as a part of the report of the
Commander in-Chief , and heartily commend and endorse the action of the Com-
mander-in-Chief and the Council of Administration upon the subject-matter which
called forth General Orders Nos. 12 and 13, believing, as we do, that it is entirely
improper, and contrary to the rules of the Order, for Posts to express themselves by
official action at the request of persons outside the Grand Army of the Republic upon
any subjects or questions, unless officially authorized or requested so to do through
the regular official channels of the organization.
ON HI8TOBIAN.
We cordially endorse what i. said as to the necessity for a reliable and complete
History of the Grand Army of the Republic. The work has already been longer de-
layed than it should have been, and the sooner it is undertaken the more satisfactory
it will be when accomplished. The committee report with much pleasure that they
33B Grand Army of the Republic.
have been inforined that the recommondation of the Commander-in-Chief has been, to
some extent, anticipated by Past Commander-in-Chief Robert B. Beath, who has al-
ready devoted considerable time to the subject and collected a large amount of ma-
terial, with tlie intention of preparing, at afs early a day as possible, a work that will
do honor to our chL-rished Order. We feel justified in saying that Comrade Beath
possesses the knowledge and the ability neces-sary to compl te such a work, and a de-
votion to the Grand Army that will make it as perfect as it is jiossible to make it; and
that in all respects he comes fully up to the requirements so forcibly suggested by the
Commander-in-Chief. As the work can be safely left in such hands, we consider it
unnecessary at this time for the Encampment to select any one as the Historian of
the Order.
We commend to the Encampment for approval the suggestion that the General
Government include in the next decennial census an enumeration of the Union sol-
chers and sailors of the late war of the rebellion who may be living in 1890.
Believing that the recommendation touching the lo-ation of the National Head-
quarters at some central point for a number of years is fea.'-ible, we recommend to the
National Encampment the careful consideration of this subject, and suggest that it be
referred to the incoming Commander-in-Chief and National Council of Administra^
tion, with a rcciuest to report at the next National Encampment.
The generosity of Comrade Jos. K. Davison, in the matter of the pajTnent of
the costs of the procurement of a patent for the badge of our Order, deserves the
recognition given by the Commander-in-Chief and the thanks of this National En-
campment.
The report of the committee was adopted, unanimously, by a
rising vote.
On Report of Adjutant-General E. B. Gray :
In the matter of reports, your committee desire to call attention to the " loss by
delinquent reports." There is no excuse for the negligence of Po.st officers in this
matter; their duty is clear and simple. The suggestions of the Adjutant-General in a
circular letter to the Assistant Adjutants-General of the diiTerent Departments, that
" reports be made by Post oOiccrs at the last meeting of thi; quarter, when all officers
should be present, their signatures obtained and reports forwarded at once," are judi
ciousand business-like; it is recommended in cases of delinquent Po4s, that the As-
sistant Adjutant-General should notify at least a portion of the members of said Posts
of the disregard of their olUcers to the obligations which they assumed at installation,
by failure to report in accordance with the Rules and RLgulations, thereby jeopardiz-
ing their membership in the Order.
We heartily concur in the suggestion of the Adjutant General, " that some com-
rade be induced to undertake the preparation of a historj^ of our Order."
In closing, we wish to l)(;ar testimony to the promptness, energy, and signal
ability sliown by Comrade Gray in the administration of his important ollice. The
results of his excellent bu.siness methods will prove a permanent benefit to the org.n-
ization.
On the Report of Quartermaster-General John Taylor :
The committee find the same to be correct, and would commend the concise and
basiness-like manner in which the various tables are prejjared for our inspection.
Administration of Lucius Fairchild. 337
We note with gratiflcatioa the increase in the various funds.
The rules of tlie National Encampment require that all requisitions for supplies
must be accompanied by cash ; we recommend the rigid enforcement of this rule.
On Report of Surgeon-General A. S. Everett :
Your committee find that Comrade Everett has given to the duties of his office,
during the past year, an unusual amount of labor and study, covering all the de-
tails of the Medical Department of the Grand Army of the Republic, from the duties
of Post Surgeon to those of Surgeon-General, and his report evinces an interest in
having the medical records complete, which entitles him to the thanks of the com-
rades.
Your committee, not being medical men, do not feel competent to express such
an opinion as the case seems to call for, respecting the forms of the records he pro-
poses, and they therefore recommend that said forms of records and reports be re-
ferred to the incoming Surgeon General, with power to adopt the same and put them
into use, in case he concurs in the views expressed by Surgeon General Everett ; or
to modify them in such manner as in his judgment may seem for the best interests of
the Grand Army of the Republic, and to protect from aspersion the military medical
records of our comrades.
On Report of Judge-Advocate-General H. E. Taintor :
The committee have carefully considered the thirty six decisions embraced in the
report, and we commend it to the great comradeship which has bc^en so faithfully
served by Comrade Henry E. Taintor, as a model of excellence and a careful exposi-
tion of the laws of the Grand Army. His devotion to our Order in the past warranted
the confidence of his chief, as signified in his appointment to the responsible place
of Judge-Advocate-General, and his unselfish service challenges the gratitude of us
all. We recommend the approval of the several opinions as reported to this En-
campment.
On report of Inspector-General J. M. Hunter :
Your committee recommend the adoption of the several recommendations of the
Inspector-General, which will provide:
1st. For the appointment of a special committee to revise and simplify the work
of the Ritual.
2d. To prevent the inspection of Posts by one of its own members.
3d. The adoption of the form of inspection as submitted by the Department of
Massachusetts.
4th. For retiring Department Inspectors to make inspections and reports to the
Inspector General before they are relieved from their duties as Department In-
spectors.
5th. Changes in the Post Adjutant's reports and recapitulation of Assistant Adju-
tant-General's report as submitted.
ON RULES, REGULATIONS, AND RITUAL.
The committee reported favorably on the proposition for an
engraved certificate of membership ; for the incorporation of the
22
338 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
flag-ribbon of tlie membership badge on official badges ; to sub-
stitute " ship-mates " for " comrades " in Posts composed of mem-
bers who had served in the Navy ; also, " that the members of the
Grand Arm}' of the Ilepublic are strictly forbidden to use the
badge of the Order or the letters G. A. R. as a sign or advertise-
ment for any private business whatsoever ; " and adversely, upon
the proposition to unseat Past Department Commanders as mem-
bers of Department Encampments and of the National Encamp-
ment.
The report was adopted.
MONUMENT TO GENERAL LOGAN.
Comrade H. H. Thomas, Illinois, presented a resolution for
the ajDpointment of a special committee to co-operate with the
8tate of Illinois in building a monument in memory of Past
Commander-in-Chief John A. Logan.
Committee appointed : — R. A. Alger, Michigan ; S. S. Burdett,
Potomac ; H. H. Thomas, Illinois ; J. C. Robinson, New York ; J.
A. Beaver, Pennsylvania ; Hannibal Hamlin, Maine ; Charles D.
Nash, Massachusetts.
They reported :
The National Encampment of the Grand Army of the Repuhlic, assembled in its
twenty-first annual session, at St. Louis, Missouri, recalling the fact that since its last
meeting more than three thousand of the comrades of the Order have paid the last
debt of nature, and among them their always beloved comrade and former leader and
Comniander-in-(-'hief, Major-General .John A. Logan, and desiring in special manner
to record their liigh estimate of his skill and valor as a soldier, of his abilities and
faithful services as a statesman, of tlie purity and beauty of his private and iiome life,
of the signal services he rendered his comrades wliile Commander-in-Chief of the
Grand Anny of the Republic, and of the unfaltering and vehement patriotism, which
was a cliief element of his character, therefore
KjhoItcx and Bcdarcx, That in common with his fellow-citizens in general, the
members of tlie Grand Army of the Republic deplore his death as a public ca-
lamity.
That among the millions wlio from private life entered the military .service of the
Union and were si)ared until jxaee came with victory, he was rightfully accorded the
high disliuction of being " the Chief of the Volunteers."
That as a statesman he w^as sagacious, painstaking, clear in his comprehension of
the needs of his country, vehement in defending and promoting her interests and her
honor, and the relentless foe of waste and corruption, whether i)ul)lic or private. We
e.specially remember that it was his pride and pleasure to give his best .services to for-
warding in the National Congress the just demands of his soldier comrades.
That the Grand Army of tiie Republic is indebted to his administration of its affairs
Administration of Lucius Fairchild. 339
for the establishment, in everlasting memory of its sacred dead, of that new feast
which we call " Memorial Day; " that it is also indebted to him for those measures
and incentives which prevented the threatened entrance into our Order of political
purpose and propagandism, and against all temptation has maintained its freedom
from them to the present hour.
That to his widow, Mrs. Mary S. Logan, whose devotion lo the interests of the
Grand Army of the Republic is well known and here acknowledged, are extended our
most sincere sympathies in her bereavement.
That a page in the Journal of this Encampment be set apart for an engraved por-
trait of Comrade Logan, to be executed under the direction of the present Com-
mander-in-Chief and Adjutant-General, at the cost of the National Encampment, and
that a copy of such Journal, specially bound, be presented to Mrs. Logan.
The resolutions were unanimously adopted by a rising vote.
The committee further reported the following, which was
adopted :
Your committee, to whom was referred the matter of co-operating with the trus-
tees appointed by the Legislature of the State of Illinois, at its last session, to erect
in one of the parks of Chicago a monument to tliat illustrious comrade and statesman,
Major-General John A. Logan, and to whom also has been referred the resolutions
of the Society of the Army of the Tennessee, adopted at its annual meeting held in
the city of Detroit, on the 14th and 15th insts., ashing that the Grand Army of the
Republic co-operate with said Society in erecting a suitable monument at the Nation's
Capital in honor of that great Comrade, beg leave to submit the following:
We do not deem it wise at this time to ask the Grand Army to aid in erecting two
monuments to General Logan, much as we would wish to do so, fearing that the
double undertaking would weaken, if not defeat, both. And inasmuch as the great
State of Illinois has so nobly begun the work in Chicago, and nothing has as yet been
done towards the statue in "Washington, we believe it wise to use all our own energies
in erecting the latter.
We therefore, believing every comrade in the United States will wish to join in this
work, recommend that the Grand Army, through its several Departments and Posts,
be earnestly requested to at once raise the small sum of ten cents from each of its
members for said object, and that a permanent committee of five be appointed by this
body, with power to fill vacancies, whose duty it shall be to co-operate with the com-
mittee of five appointed by said Society of the Army of the Tennessee, to carry on
and complete the work of erecting the statue in Washington. We recommend that
all sums so collected shall be transmitted through Department and National Head-
quarters to said committee with a roster of all the names of comrades who shall con-
tribute to said fund, that the latter may be preserved in the archives of the society
having in charge this noble work.
Should any Department, comrade or other person desire to contribute a larger
sum than the amount herein specified, we recommend that such contribution be re-
ceived.
We suggest that the permanent committee so appointed be required to report its
work to the National Encampment annually.
340 Grand Army of the Republic.
DEATH OF COMRADE GEORCxE H. PATCH.
Comrade James Tuuuer presented the following minute, which
was nuanimously adopted :
The Grand Army of the Republic, in National Encampment assembled, in living
memory and with saddened hearts inscribes upon the pages of its proceedings this
testimonial to tlie many virtues of Comrade George H. Patch, late Commander of
the Department of ]\Iassacliusetts. A year ago, and many times before, he sat with
us in council. We counted confidently and joyfully upon meeting him again here.
Suddenly, without note of warning, the end of all things eartlily came to liim and he
was miistered-out, and now from the busy affairs of the hour we turn to record the
sigh of our hearts.
"Oh! for the touch of a vanished hand,
And tlie sound of a voice that is still."
A lad of seventeen years of age, the roar of Sumter's guns had hardly died out
when he was found, on July 36th, 1861, clad in tlie uniform of his country. The re-
cital of his subsequent experience for three years would embody a roll-call of every
battle of the 19th Massachusetts, 3d Brigade, 2d Division, Hancock's Corps. Of a
truth he kept step to the music of the Union.
Returning to the scenes of his youth at the close of the conflict, he modestly but
with dignity bore the great honor he felt was justly his as one of those hundreds of
thousands who simply fought.
An earnest, devoted and most succes.sful worker in the ranks of our noble Order,
our comrades of Massachusetts honored themselves by placing over that noble heart
the badge of their leadership. His work for our Order in all New England speaks
for itself. Better has not been done.
On the 26th of July, 1887 — the twenty-sixth anniversary of his enlistment — the end
came, and the bosom of that old Bay State, which he loved so well and served so loy-
ally, opened and gave sepulchre to his mortal remains.
There lies entombed a representative soldier of the ranks, one of the noblest of our
Order. Green be his memory forever.
A resolution of sympathy with Past Senior Vice-Commander-
in-Chief Edward Jardine, then seriously ill at his home, was
tinauimoitsly adopted.
COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS.
The principal Resolutions submitted from the Committee
Avere :
1. That it is the sentiment of this Encampment that the United States Govern-
ment should furnish to each lionorably discharged soldier, sailor or marine, on appli-
cation by liiinself or through an agent, his medical record as fcmnd in the archives of
the Surgcoii-General's office at Washington. That this resolution be properly brought
to the attention of Congress by the Pension Committee of tliis Encampment, and
proper urgency he brought to bear for Die enactment of a law to the above effect.
Administeation of Lucius Fairchild. 341
3. On the resolution presented by Department-Comman,!er Charles D. Nash, of
Massachusetts, relating to slate tablets as suitable memorial stones to mark the last
resting places of our departed comrades, merits the endorsement of the Encampment.
It reads :
Resolved, That the National Encampment be requested to inquire into the merits of
some more suitable and appropriate material to mark the last resting places of our
departed comrades than the marble tablets now furnished by the Government, and
we recommend the slate tablets of the Highland Slate Company, of Boston, Massa-
chusetts, and the product of the Williams Slate Company, of Maine, as being better
adapted, from their greater durability, and resistance to atmospheric changes, than
the material now furnished by the Government, to mark the last resting places of
our departed comrades.
3. Resolved, That it is the sense of this Encampment that there should be a place
set apart by law, at the capital of the Nation, where all captured flags and other
trophies of war shall be preserved and displayed. We therefore request Congress
to make such provision, and recommend Pension Hall as a suitable place for such
purpose.
4. That a pension should be given to regularly enrolled women nurses.
5. Resolved, That we regret the action of tlie Sons of Veterans, in some instances,
of calling their local organizations " Posts," and appropriating to each other the fra-
ternal name of "Comra^fes," believing that the.se terms should remain exclusive fea-
tures of the Grand Army of the Republic.
Upon the communication from the Woman's Belief Corps,
namely :
St. Louis. Sept. 28th, 1887.
The Fifth National Convention Woman's Relief Corps, Auxiliary to the Grand
Army of the Republic, representing thirty-two States and Territories, and a member-
ship of 49,590, with 1,848 subordinate Corps, send greeting to the Twenty-first Nation-
al Encampment, Grand Army of the Republic, and renew their allegiance to the
Grand Army of the Republic. For the year ending June 30th, 1887, they have ex-
pended $37,700 in local charity, and turned over $18,406 to the Posts, and have a re-
serve relief fund of $36,990.72. They have ministered to the sick, cared for the des-
titute, provided homes for friendless widows and orphans of the Union veterans, and
have aided in maintaining and adorning Soldiers' Homes and Soldiers' Orphans'
Homes, in the several Departments whenever called upon so to do.
The Woman's Relief Corps ask that the Grand Army communicate to them their
requests in whatever department of work in which loyal hearts and helpful hands
may be needed. And with charity for all, malice toward none, the work will be
promptlj^ and cheerfully done.
ELIZABETH D'ARCY KINNE,
NELLIE G. BACKUS, Nat. Sec'y. National President.
The committee recommend that this National Encampment most heartily endorse
in every respect our Auxiliary organization, the Woman's Relief Corps. The aid
and assistance rendered by this noble body of women to our comrades and their
families when sick or needy, can n'jver be forgotten, and your committee feel that
34:2 Grand Army of the Republic.
this Eiicamiimcnt cannot tind words too strong to sufficiently express its entire ap-
preciation and approval of the good work done by the Woman's Relief Corps since
its organization.
Tlie following in regard to Mormonism was non-concurred in
by the Encampment, for the reason that its discussion would be
foreign to the work and objects of the Grand Army of the Re-
public :
Besolved, That the Grand Army of the Republic now, as in the past, views with
detestation the determined purposes of the polygamous leaders of the Mormon ma-
jority of Utah to continue the nuUitncation of National laws. And we warn Congress
and the country against the pending attempt to enlarge the powers of fugitives from
justice by creating a State out of that Territory; which, if successful, would be re-
warding treason for continued insult to the flag and nullification of wholesome laws;
place in the Union a theocratic State antagonistic to good order and the welfare of the
nation, and an enemy to the cherished principles of free government. All of which is
at variance with every sacred principle of our Order.
PENSIONS.
The committee reported adversely to the proposition for ser-
vice pensions. A minority report favoring that measure was pre-
sented, and after an extended debate the majority report was
adopted ; 318 ayes, 173 nays.
PENSION COMMITTEE.
The Committee on Pensions submitted a report of their
work :
In our last annual report we stated that Bill 1,886, which embodied many of the
important recommendations of this committee which had not already become law,
had passed the Senate and was pending in the House. Following the last En-
campment, in response to our appeal, thousands of petitions were sent lo Congress
from the Posts and members of the Grand Army and others, in favor of the passage
of tlie before mentioned hill.
The Pension Committee of the House, however, in a spirit of undue conserv-
atism, reported, in place of Bill 1,886, a new bill, less liberal in its provisions, and
far less desirable than that which had met tlie approval of this committee. Ap-
peals by our friends to permit amendments to this bill were in vain, and it was passed
as presented by the Hou.se Committee, and became generally known as the "De-
pendent Pension Bill."
Your committee were in session in Washington during tliis discussion, and imme-
diately held conferences with prominent members of both Hou.ses, whose symi)atliy
with the veterans is unquestioned. The bill was far from comprising .such a liberal-
ization of the pension laws as we had asked in j'our name; but it was then near the
Administration of Lucius Fairchild. 343
close of the session, with an immense amount of important public business pressing
for consideration. The bill would at least have removed from the public pauper
houses of the land 12,000 veterans ; provided for fully as many more dependent upon
private charity, making these comrades of ours pensioners instead of paupers, and it
established a principle then recognized by no general pension law, and now existing
only in the act in behalf of the survivors of the war with Mexico, that a pension
might be granted for present need or disability, without absolute proof that such dis-
ability arose from service in the war against rebellion, and could be traced in un-
broken continuance through the intervening quarter of a ceiitury. For these reasons
your committee, at a hearing courteously granted by the Senate Committee on Pen-
sions, urged that the bill be passed by the Senate without change. The Committee
unanimously so voted, the bill was reported the same day, and a few days later was
passed. Almost at the same hour, just previous, a bill embodying a like principle,
but far more liberal in scope, had been passed in favor of the veterans of the war
against Mexico, including in its provisions even those who. in our later struggle, had
taken up arms on the side of rebellion. This bill met the approval of the President
of the United States, and we were fairly stunned when from the same hand came a
veto of the measure of like principle, but infinitesimal in degree, for the veterans of
the war against treason.
Your committee, with the earnest endorsement of the Commander in-Chief , ap-
pealed to the Posts of the country for an expression of opinion upon that veto, for the
information of Congress. The reply was prompt, vigorous and almost unanimous.
With an emphasis creditable to their soldierly instincts, the three hundred thousand
members of the Grand Army of the Republic gave reply that there was neither fair
fulfillment of the promises of the Nation, loyal remembrance of the sacrifices upon
the altar of the Union, nor a grateful recognition of patriotic service, in a veto
that doomed 35,000 veterans of the late war to remain public paupers, instead of
becoming deserving pensioners. Although receiving a large majority, the bill
failed to secure the two-thirds vote necessary to its passage over the veto. Disap-
pointed, but not disheartened, your committee at once took up the work for a fresh
contest.
Pending final action by Congress upon the vetoed bill, the assertion was made by
the opponents of such legislation that there had been no general expression of the
veterans in favor of the provisions of the bill, and even the bold claim was made
that the best sentiment of the soldiers and sailors was opposed thereto. Your com-
mittee thereupon prepared a new Pension Bill, embodying in a degree all of the
general recommendations before made by it, except such as had already become law,
and the several provisions which it was deemed best to separately present.
(A copy of the proposed bill was appended, pages 167-169, Journal, 1887.)
The bill is similar, in general principles, to that vetoed ; but the objectionable
"pauper" clause is omitted, making this a disability, not a dependent bill.
This bill, by direction of the Commander-in-Chief, and accompanied by an official
circular, was submitted to all of the Posts of the country, with an invited expression
of opinion thereon; the result shows that whatever other legislation soma comrades
desire, the Grand Army of the Republic is practically unanimous for everything con-
tained in this bill. Whatever more in the line of pension legislation is desirable, and
your committee consider this bill far short of what should be granted, we know from
the experience of five years, that any additional legislation is only to be secured inch
by inch after persistent effort, and we believe that the suggested bill, with other
measures heretofore proposed by this committee, with your endorsement, includes the
844 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
most urgent and pressing demands, and that other and broader measures should at
least wait until these have been secured.
Your committee, therefore, recommend the continuance of earnest effort in favor
of the followinLTi
The bill prepared by this committee, granting pensions to all veterans now dis-
abled or in need ; to mothers and fathers from date of dependence; continuance of
pension to widows in their own right and an increase for minor children.
All of the recommendations for increase and equalization of pensions for special
disabilities made in his recent report by Pension Commissioner Black.
A pension of 813 per month to all widows of honorably discharged soldiers and
sailors of the late war.
Increased pensions for the severer disabilities, substantially as presented in the bill
prepared by the United States Maimed Veterans' League.
Pensions for tlie survivors of rebel prisons, substantially as presented in the bill
of the National Association of Prisoners of War.
Increased jiensions for loss of hearing or eyesight.
A re-enactment of the arrear law.
An equitable equalization of bounties.
The same pension for the widow of the representative volunteer soldier of the
Union Army— John A. Logan— as is paid to the widows of those typical regulars,
Thomas, the Rock of Chickamauga, and Hancock, Always the Superb.
Geo. S. Merrill,
Louis Wagner,
James Tanner,
John S. Kountz,
John C. Linehan
Committee.
The report was adopted.
The following resolution was adopted :
i2esoZ»<?fZ, That the zeal and wisdom displayed by the members of the National
Pension Committee entitle them to our warm thanks and praise. Though they have
encountered in their years of service, difficulties and obstacles of no co-iimoii order,
they have increaseil, rather than diminished, their earnestness in behalf of their com-
rades. No men could hive labored more diligently and wisely than they have, or
secured more success, and they are entitled to the gratitude of every veteran and
friend of the veteran.
A resolution was adopted asking Congress to increase the
pensions of those who have lost both arms or both legs to $150
per mouth.
GENERAL RESOLUTIONS.
Kesolutions were adopted pledging the support and co-opera-
tion of the (irand Army of the Hepublic to the " Maumee Valley
Administkation of Lucius Fairchild. 345
Monumental Association " in its effort for an appropriation by
Congress for the purchase, improvement, and memorialization of
the old forts and battlefields of the Maumee Valley, and the proper
protection and adornment of the burial grounds of the dead sol-
diers of the Indian wars and the war of 1812-1815, at those places
and at " Put-iu-Bay Island."
The following was unanimously adopted :
That the thanks of this Encampment are hereby tendered our comrades of the
Department of Missouri, and especiall}' to the comrades, officers and citizens of St.
Louis, for the warm-hearted and generous hospitality tendered to the members of this
Encampment, and the comrades of the Order from all parts of the Union. We shall
bear with us to our homes the pleasant memories of our stay among the patriotic and
liberal people of the great city by the Father of Waters.
That the hearty thanks of the National Encampment be, and they are hereby,
tendered to Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief S. W. Backus, Junior Vice-Commader-
in-Chief Edgar Allan, Chapluin-in-Chief T. C. Warner, Surgeon-General Ambrose S.
Everett, Adjutant-Geuieral E. B. Gray, Quartermaster-General Jno. Taylor, Judge-
Advocate-General H. E. Taiutor, Inspector-General Jacob M. Hunter, for the able and
impartial discharge of their duties.
Comrade Joseph W. Kay, of New York, offered the following
resolution, and it was adopted :
Whereas, Chapter 1, Article II, Rules and Regulations, provides that one of the
objects of the Grand Army of the Republic shall be "to assist such former comrades
in arms as need help and ]irotection," in which is included assistance to them in their
right to preference and retention in public employment in City. State and Nation,
now, or that hereafter may be guaranteed by law; and
Whereas, The Nineteenth National Encampment voted to sustain the principle
involved, and the same was reiterated at the Twentieth National Encampment, there-
fore be it
Resolved, That the Council of Administration of the Grand Army of the Republc,
to be selected, be, and they are hereby, made a Special Committee on the subject-
matter of the recommendation of the Nineteenth National Encampment, in the re-
spective Departments, and they are charged to act under the direction of the National
and Department Officers, Grand Army of the Republic, in securing to veterans pro-
tection in their every right to public employment and retention therein.
LAND FOR A SOLDIERs' HOME.
A committee consisting of Ira J. Chase, Indiana ; H. W. Pond,
Kansas ; C. H. Grosvenor, Ohio ; E. B. McElroy, Oregon ; P. T.
Woodfin, Virginia, and M. D. Hamilton, California, was appointed
to consider a proposition for a donation of land for a Soldiers'
Home near San Diego, California, and reported that they unani-
346 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
mouslj recommeud the acceptance of the proposition, and that
Comrade M. D. Hamilton, Senior Vice-Commander of the De-
partment of California, be elected as trustee to represent this
Encampment.
BADGE OF THIRTEENTH ARMY CORPS.
The following was concurred in by the Encampment :
Wheueas, The Thirteenth Army Corps while in service did not adopt a Corps'
mark;
Resolved, That the members of that Corps assembled in St. Louis, Missouri, Sep-
tember 27th, 1887, having, in accordance with General Orders No. 14, from National
Headquarters, approved the following described design, it is hereby adopted as the
mark of the Fifteenth Army Corps, viz. :
A canteen suspended within a horizontal ellipse, with General Grant's bust in re-
lief on the front and the letters U. S. on reverse.
Elias Fraunfelter, 130th Ohio Infantry, Chairman,
Wm. H. Heath, 18th Illinois Infantry,
Jno. C. Bonnell, 19th Iowa Infantry,
Committee.
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The following were elected for the ensuing year :
Commander-in-Chief, John P. Rea, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Senior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, Nelson Cole, St. Louis, Mis-
souri.
Junior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, John C. Linehan, Penacook,
New Hampshire.
Surgeon-General, Florence Donohue, Washington, D. C.
Chaplain-in-Chief, Edward Anderson, Norwalk, Connecticut.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
Arkansas, W. G. Akers ; California, A. W. Barrett ; Colorado,
Cecil A. Deane ; Connecticut, Morgan G. Bulkley ; Dakota, B. F.
Campbell ; Delaware, G. AY. King ; Florida, William James ;
Gulf, Henry Schorten ; Hlinois, R. F. Wilson ; Indiana, Irvin
Bol)bius ; Iowa, Geo. A. Newman; Kansas, J. D. Barker.; Ken-
tucky, M. Minton ; Maine, F. A. Motley ; Massachusetts, Benj. S.
Lovell ; Maryland, S. L. Stockbridge ; Michigan, Russell A.
Alger ; Minnesota, J. H. Drake, ; Missouri, Chas. G. Burton ;
Administration of Lucius Faiechild. 347
Montana, P. E. Dolman ; Nebraska, T. S. Clarkson ; New Hamp-
shire, Geo. E. Hogden; New Jersey, Bishop W, Mains; New Mex-
ico, James H. Purely ; New York, Jacob Scheider ; Ohio, F. C.
Deitz ; Oregon, O. Summers ; Pennsylvania, William McClel-
land ; Potomac, Jno. C. S. Burger ; Rhode Island, Thos. W. Coy ;
Tennessee and Georgia, W. J. Ramage ; Texas, Geo. H. Knight ;
Utah, T. C. Bailey ; Vermont, Chas. E. Graves ; Virginia, J. B.
H. Goff ; Washington Territory, C. M. Holton ; West Virginia,
R. S. Northcott ; Wisconsin, Geo. C. Ginty.
UNOFFICIAL PROCEEDINGS.
Commander-in-Chief Fairchild was presented by the members
of his staff with a magnificent gold badge thickly studded with
diamonds. A fine gold Avatch and chain, the watch with an en-
graved and enameled 7th Army Corps badge, were presented to
Adjutant-General Gray. Comrade John H. Cook, Aide-de-Camp,
made the presentation addresses on behalf of the donors.
The programme arranged by the Citizens' Committee of St.
Louis, acting in co-operation with the Committee of the Grand
Army of the Republic, for the entertainment of the 21st National
Encampment, was upon a scale of unsurpassed liberality. One
hundred thousand dollars was contributed by the business men of
the city.
The decorations, illuminations, arches and other devices were
on a scale never before undertaken in this country.
Among the many notable decorations were four large cathedral
glass transparencies, two of them showing excellent likenesses of
General Grant on horseback, and two of Abraham Lincoln, life
size. These, after the Encampment, were prepared as settings
for memorial windows, and presented by the committee to the
National Soldiers' Homes at Dayton, Milwaukee, Hampton and
Leavenworth.
Details from every Post in the city were on duty for reception
and escort purposes. The organizations and comrades arriving
were most cordially received.
The Parade was organized in ten divisions, under General D.
P. Grier, Marshal, and 75,000 men would have been in line but
for the rain that fell in torrents almost continually from the be-
ginning to the close of the Encamj^ment.
The Parade which was arranged for September 27th, was post-
318 Grand Army of the Republic.
poned uutil the 28tli, with the hope of having a fair day ; and on
that day, notwithstanding a pouring rain, the Parade formed at
10 o'clock, with 25,000 veterans in line ; perhaps one-half of this
number marched over the whole route and were reviewed from the
grand stand by Commander-in-chief Fairchild.
Each Post in the city had a hall engaged, and entertained
comrades with conspicuous hospitality throughout the whole
week.
Too much praise cannot be given to the citizens of St. Louis
and the several organizations of the Order for their unbounded
and continued hospitalities.
A reception was held at the Chamber of Commerce on Tues-
day evening, September 27, presided over by the Mayor, assisted
by many leading citizens. An eloquent address by Mayor D. R.
Francis was appropriately responded to by Commander-in-Chief
Lucius Fairchild, by General W. T. Sherman, and other mem-
bers of the Grand Army of the Republic.
The reception by the Woman's Relief Corps of St. Louis, on
September 29, to their kindred associations, was particijjated in
by a large number of the Grand Army of the Republic, and was a
very elegant affair.
The excursions planned by the committee Avere, by reason of
the rain, for the most part not carried out ; but one to Spring-
field, Illinois, a visit to Lincoln's tomb, and some upon the river
by steamer, were participated in.
The exhibition of the products of California, at the Armory,
attracted large crowds during the whole week. They gave a re-
ception and banquet very creditable to their State, which was at-
tended by thousands.
On the 30th, the Citizens' Committee tendered to the officers,
and delegates to the Encampment, a grand banquet, which exem-
plified in the highest degree the magnificent hospitality of the
city. In elegance of detail, splendid service, and profuse liberal-
ity, it has never been excelled. The speeches Avere of a high
order of eloquence, a fitting finale to a most enjoyable evening.
1
J,\li'=^-(H^
CHAPTER XXVI.
ADMINISTRATION OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF JOHN P. REA—
TWENTY-SECOND ANNUAL SESSION, COLUMBUS, OHIO,
SEPTEMBER 12, 1888.
Commander-in-Chief John P. Eea established headquarters in
Minneapolis, Minnesota, with the following staff :
Adjutant-General, Daniel Fish, Minnesota.
Quartermaster-General, John Taylor, Pennsylvania.
Inspector-General, Ira M. Hedges, New York.
Judge-Advocate-General, Wheelock G. Veazey, Vermont.
Assistant Adjutant-General, Robert Stratton, Minnesota,
Major John Patterson Rea, Commander-in-Chief, was born in
Chester county, Pennsylvania, October 13, 1840. He resided at
his birthplace until September, 1860, when he removed to Miami
county, Ohio, and there taught school until April 17, 1861, when
he enlisted in the 11th Ohio Infantry, a three months regiment.
On August 20 he re-enlisted in Company I, 1st Ohio Cavalry. He
was commissioned Second Lieutenant on the 23d of September,
1861, and for gallant and meritorious service was j)romoted First
Lieutenant March 12, 1862, and Major November 23, 1863, on ac-
count of gallant service at Cleveland, Tennessee. Major Rea
served with his regiment continuously in the Army of the Cum-
berland until November 24, 1864, when he was obliged to resign on
account of ill health. During his term of enlistment he was absent
from his command but seven days, when he was held as a prisoner
of war.
After his retirement from the army he entered the Ohio Wes-
leyan University, and graduated in June, 1867. He returned to
Pennsylvania, where he studied law with O. J. Dickey, the partner
of Hon. Thaddeus Stevens, and in 1869 was admitted to the bar.
In April, 1869, Major Rea was appointed Assessor of Internal
Revenue for the Ninth District of Pennsylvania, and held this po-
sition until May, 1873, when the office was abolished. He resumed
the practice of law, and continued it until January 1, 1876, when he
[349J
850 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
removed to Minneapolis and took editorial charge of tlie Tribune
of that place, in which position he remained until May 1, 1877,
when he again took up the practice of law. In November, 1877,
he was elected Probate Judge of Hennepin county, and was re-
elected for two years in November, 1879. He refused a renomina-
tion in 1881, and continued in the practice of law until April,
1886, when he was appointed District Judge to fill a vacancy. In
November of the same year he was unanimously elected for six
years to the same office, which position he now holds. He joined
the Grand Army of the Eepublic at Piqua, Ohio, in December,
1866, He was a charter member of Post 81, Lancaster, and repre-
sented the Post in several Department Encampments prior to his
removal to Minneapolis. In 1881-82 he served as Senior Vice-
Commander Department of Minnesota, and as Department Com-
mander, 1883. Was Senior Yice-Commauder-in-Chief, 1881.
Colonel Nelson Cole, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, was
born in Dutchess county. New York, November 18, 1833. Located
in St. Louis in 1856. On the first call for troops he organized a
company and was commissioned Captain, and on April 27, 1861,
reported with his company to General Lyon. He was actively en-
gaged in the measures taken to prevent St. Louis falling into rebel
hands, and on an expedition to Southeast Missouri was credited
with the capture of the first rebel flag taken in action.
Before the expiration of the three months term he was mus-
tered for the three years service in the 1st Mo. Vol. Inf., Colonel
Frank P. Blair, and served under General Lyon in Southwest Mis-
souri, being severely wounded at Wilson's Creek.
The regiment was reorganized as the 1st Mo. Light Art., and
Captain Cole served with it until 1862, when he was appointed
Chief of Artillery and Ordnance to General J. M. Schotield, and
was afterwards Chief of Artillery, Department of Missouri. Pro-
moted Major, August, 1863, Lieutenant-Colonel, October, 1863, Col-
onel, February 15, 1864. In the fall of 1861, as Chief of Staff to
General A. Pleasanton, participated in the movements against Gen-
eral Sterling Price in Missouri. In May, 1865, was assigned to
duty against the Northern Sioux and other Indians in the north-
west, and at Powder river his command signally defeated them.
He was mustered-out November 27, 1865.
Was a member of the Grand Army of the llepublic on its or-
ganization in 1866, and on the reorganization was mustered in
Group of National Officers, 1887.
Administeation of John P. Eea. £51
Frank P. Blair Post, No. 1, and served in a number of positions in
that Post. Served two terms as Department Commander.
John C. Linehan, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, was born
in Ireland in 1840, and caime to the United States in 1849'', locating
in Concord, New Hampshire. Enlisted as a musician in 3d N. H.
Yols., August 16, 1861, and was mustered-out September 3, 1862.
Was mustered in the Grand Army of the Republic in Novem-
ber, 1874, served as Commander of Post 31, Penacook, and held a
number of positions in the Department and on the National Staff.
Department Commander of New Hampshire, 1881 and 1882. Pres-
ident of New Hampshire Veterans' Association, 1885, 1886.
Has served in both branches of the City Councils ; is a Trustee
of the State Industrial School, and a member of the Executive
Council of the State.
Dr. Florence Donohue, Surgeon-General, was born in Kenmare,
Ireland, December 15, 1842, and came to this country when ten
years of age. On November 26, 1861, he enlisted in Company G,
105th N. y., afterwards consolidated with the 94th. He served at
the front with his regiment from Cedar Mountain to Mine Run. In
March, 1864, he was ordered to Washington for duty in the Adju-
tant-General's Department. Here he entered the University of
Georgetown as a medical student, and was duly graduated from
that institution. He has been in active practice since 1872.
Joined Lincoln Post No. 4, AVashington, in 1874, and has been
Post Surgeon since that time. For eight years, past he has been
Medical Director, Department of the Potomac. Is Surgeon of the
" Old Guard," a veteran military organization.
Rev. Edward Anderson, Chaplain-in-Chief, served as Chaplain
37th 111. Inf., September 8, 1861, to April 25, 1862. Appointed, by
Governor Morton, Commandant 9tli District Indiana and of Camps
of Instruction, September 25, 1863, and there organized three
regiments. Commissioned Colonel 12th Ind. Cavalry, February
21, 1864, and commanded a Brigade in Wilson's Cavalry Corps.
Commanded Sub-District Grenada, Mississippi, August 19, 1865.
Mustered-out November 10, 1865, Chaplain 16th Regiment Ohio
N. G., October 29, 1881. Brigade Chaplain, 1884 ; resigned on re-
moval to Cincinnati. Chaplain Loyal Legion, Commandery of
New York, 1886, 1887.
352 Grand Army of the Republic.
Organized a Post at Lake City, Minnesota, in 1867. After-
wards joined Forsyth Post at Toledo, Ohio. AVas Commander of
Post No. 451, Cohimbiis, until removal to Norwalk, Connecticut,
where he is noAV (1888) stationed as Pastor of First Congre-
gational Church. Chaplain Department of Connecticut, Grand
Army of the Republic, 1886, 1887.
Daniel Fish, Adjutant-General, was born in Cherry Valley, Il-
linois, January 31, 18-48; worked on a farm until January 4, 1864,
when he enlisted in Co. G, 45th 111. Infantry. Served in the cam-
paign to Atlanta, and was there taken ill and was sent back to Nash-
ville. On recovery he was appointed Sergeant in a Provisional
Division made up of troops belonging to the Armies of the Ten-
nessee and Cumberland. After the defeat of Hood he went with the
23d Corps to North Carolina. Participated in the Grand Review at
Washington, and was mustered-out July 20, 1865. He studied law,
and w^as admitted to the bar in 1871. In 1872 located in Minneso-
ta. AVas Probate Judge in 1876, 1877 and 1879. In 1880 moved to
Minneapolis. Joined Post 4, Minneapolis, in 1883, was afterwards
transferred to Post 126, and served as its Commander. "Was
Assistant Adjutant-General of the Department 1886, 1887.
Ira M. Hedges, Inspector-General, was born in Haverstraw,
New York, July 31, 1839, and was studying for admission to the
bar when the rebellion commenced. He enlisted in the 95th N. Y.
Vols., and served with that regiment during the war, in the Army
of the Potomac.
After his discharge he entered into business in Haverstraw, and
in 1870 was elected President of the Bank of Haverstraw, Avhich
position he still holds (1888), and in addition carries on a large
l)rick-making business. In 1880 he became a charter member of
the Post at Haverstraw, and was elected its Commander. He
was Commander of the Department of New York in 1884.
Colonel AVheelock G. Veazey, Judge-Advocate-General, was
elected Captain (^o. A, 3d Vermont Inf., May 21, 1861. Promoted
Major in August, and later Lieutenant-Colonel. Promoted,
September, 1832, Colonel 16th Vermont, which became part of
Stannard's Brigade, and with it participated in the repulse of Pick-
et's and AVilcox's Divisions at Gettysburg. Mustered-out with
the regiment August 10, 1863.
Administration of John P. Eea. 353
Was elected Reporter of the Supreme Court in 1864, and held
that position eight years. Has been Judge of the Supreme Court
of Vermont since 1876.
Charter member of Post 14, Rutland, November 11, 1868, and
served four terms as Post Commander. Was Department Com-
mander 1871, 1872.
TWENTY-SECOND ANNUAL SESSION.
The National Encampment met in Columbus, Ohio, Septem-
ber 12, 1888 ; Commander-in-Chief John P. Rea presiding.
COMMITTEE ON CREDENTIALS.
Adjutant-General Daniel Fish ; H. P. Thompson, Illinois ; A.
C. Monroe, Massachusetts ; Thos. C. Taylor, California ; Geo. C.
Ginty, Wisconsin.
OFFICERS PRESENT.
Commander-in-Chief John P. Rea.
Senior Yice-Commander-in-Chief Nelson Cole.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Jno. C. Linehau.
Chaplain-in-Chief Edward Anderson.
Surgeon-General Florence Donohue.
Adjutant-General Daniel Fish,
Quartermaster-General John Taylor.
Judge-Advocate-General Wheelock G. Veazey.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
Dakota, B. F. Campbell ; Delaware, George W. King ; Illinois,
R. F. Wilson ; Iowa, George A. Newman ; Kansas, J. D. Parker ;
Kentucky, M. Minton ; Massachusetts, Benjamin S. Lovell ; Mich-
igan, Russell A. Alger ; Minnesota, L. B. Bennett ; Missouri,
Charles G. Burton ; Montana, Peter R. Dolman ; Nebraska, T.
S. Clarkson ; New Jersey, Bishop W. Mains ; New Mexico, James
H. Purdy ; Ohio, Fred. C. Dietz ; Oregon, O. Summers ; Pennsyl-
vania, William McClelland ; Potomac, John C. S. Burger ; Rhode
Island, Thomas W. Coy; Texas, George A. Knight; Virginia,
John B. H. Goff ; West Virginia, Robert S. Northcott ; Wiscon-
sin, George C. Ginty.
33
35 i Grand Army of the Republic.
DEPARTMENTS REPRESENTED.
Arkansas, 4 ; California, 11 ; Coloriitlo, 10 ; Connecticut, 10 ;
Dakota, 8 ; Delaware, 6 ; Florida, 7 ; Illinois, 42 ; Indiana, 31 ;
Iowa, 26 ; Kansas, 26 ; Kentucky, 10 ; Louisiana and Mississippi,
I ; Maine, 9 ; Maryland, 7 ; Massachusetts, 28 ; Michigan, 28 ;
Minnesota, 14 ; Missouri, 20 ; Montana, 2 ; Nebraska, 18 ; New
Hampshire, 10 ; New Jersey, 8 ; New Mexico, 3 ; New York, 49 ;
Ohio, 52 ; Oregon, 1 ; Pennsylvania, 51 ; Potomac, 12 ; Rhode
Island, 8 ; Tennessee and Georgia, 7 ; Texas, 7 ; Utah, 4 ; Ver-
mont, 11 ; Virginia, 7 ; Washington Territory, 3 ; West Virginia,
II ; Wisconsin, 23. Departments, 38 ; Department Officers and
Representatives and Past Department Officers, 585 ; National
Officers, 32. Total, 617.
ADDRESS OF COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF JOHN P. REA.
A century ago, a little band of heroic men, fresh from the struggle for Indepen-
dence, in which the political rights and moral grandeur of American manhood were
vindicated, crossed the mountain range which theretofore had marked the western
boundary of that narrow belt of our continental settlement which stretched along
the winding slope of the sea, penetrated the solitude of the wilderness of the Missis-
sippi Valley, and founded on the western bank of the " beautiful river " a settlement
which in the order of Providence became the germ from which developed the Imperial
Commonwealth, la whose capital city we meet to day in this Twenty-second National
Encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic. They were home-fostering. God-
fearing, liberty-loving, self-sacrificing, chivalric men. They counted the cost of
every step they took, and took every step that was right regardless of cost. Poor in
material resources, but rich in mental and moral endowment, they foundid deep down
on tiie granite ledge of individual independence and eternal right, this great commu-
nity which furnished for the defense of the Republic they had helped to create, wh:n
the time of its peril came, an army of three hundred and twenty thousand men, and
gave that Republic and the world Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, McPherson, Rose-
crans, Buell, Garfield, Steedman, McCook, Custer, Crook and many others, of kingly,
deathless, matchless fame ; all born, reared and inspired amid the quiet of its forest
liomes, and under the influence of its bold, progressive thought to be the peerless
command( r.s of tlie Annies of Freedom, in her final conflict on this continent.
The royal welcome we receive here comes from the heart of a <yeat people, which
beats to-d:iy as it did a (luarter of a century ago, in sensitive, truthful, loving fidelity
to the citizen soldiery of the Republic
Full detailed statements of the workings of our organization and of its finances
for the official year will be found in the reports submitted by the several staff
officers, all of wliich are commended to the careful perusal and candid consideration
of the Encampment.
Administration of John P. Eea. 355
MEMBERSHIP.
On March 31st, 1887, the total membership of our Order iu good standing was
320,936; on March 31st. 1888, it was 354,216, making a net gain of comrades in good
standing during the year embraced within those dates of 33,280, an excess of 7,681
over the net gain of the previous year. It is but due to my distinguished predecessor
to say that more than half the net gain of the last official year was made during' the
first half of the year, which was included within his term of office.
The reports for the quarter ending June 30th, show a gain by muster-of 13,622,
and a total membership in good standing of 361,362, with a loss from delinquent re-
ports of 6,663, all of whom, it may be assumed, are in good standing in their respec-
tive Posts. Omitting the loss from delinquent reports the net gain during last quarter
was 14,109. The reports show that on June 30th there were 395,245 comrades borne
on the rolls, to which may safely be added a sufficient number out on transfer cards
to swell the grand total to 400,000.
Although the growth of our Order has been gratifying, Bnd our "aggregate mem-
bership is large, there are still fully one-half the living honorably discharged soldiers
and sailors not upon our rolls. This is not from want of sympathy with us, but
largely from the fact that iu the western Departments, especially in Kansas, Ne-
braska, Minnesota and Dakota, which great communities have been chiefly populated
by the survivors of the Union army and navy, they are scattered out upon their
homesteads, remote from towns, with little ready money, and intent upon the grand
work of providing homes for themselves and their children. They cherish out on
the prairies the hallowed memories of the past, and iu their hearts are true G. A. R.
men, although their names are not upon our rolls. As their years increase they are
flocking to our standard, and it is a reasonable prophecy that the time will come in
our history when the Department of Kansas will equal in numbers the great Depart-
ments of Pennsylvania, Ohio, and New York. Sure it is that her prairies teem with
a soldier population to justify such hope. Within the Departments I have named
the future work of recruiting must chiefly be done.
Notwithstanding the unusual political excitement which prevails throughout the
country, and the well-known fact that our ranks are full of active, earnest supporters
of the men and measures of the several political parties, not a single violation of Art.
XI, Chap. 5, of our Rules and Regulations, has been brought to my attention. Our
Order is compos?d of thoughtful, patriotic men, each anxious to discharge the full
measure of his duty as a citizen, according to his best judgment as to what his duty
is. Fidelity to convictions begets respect for the like personal quality in others. The
loyalty of comrades to the noble objects and sacred mission of our fraternity need not
be and is not affected or its usefulness impaired by honest differences of opinion upon
questions of governmental policy.
The use of the design of our badge for a cheap political campaign device has
justly occasioned much indignation among ths comrades in all sections. "While un-
able, by legal process, to prevent this attempt to degrade our non-partisan medal of
honor, we can, and should by resolution, protest most earnestly and emphatically
against it. No comrade who respects his fraternal vow, and no citizen other than a
comrade, who respects himself, would wear this base imitation; but it seems that the
action of this Encampment is necessary to quicken that sense of propriety inherent in
all true Americans which appears for the time to have been comatose iu a few ill-ad
vised and inconsiderate persons.
356 Grand Army of the Republic.
PENSIONS.
The Committee on Pensions will submit a report of its labors. I desire to bear
testimouy to the untiring zeal of its members, and their unselfish devotion to the duty
imposed upon tiicm. All tliat could be done they have manfully done. They have
failed, but the blame lies elsewhere, not witli them.
The bill reported by the committee to the Twenty-first National Encampment,
and by it recommended, while not so far-reaching in its provisions as to meet the de
mand of a large minority of the comrades, was yet so eminently just, so absolutely
free from all objection resting upon reason, that there seemed no possibility of its
failing to receive prompt and favorable action from the National Congress. No man
or set of men can be found anywhere who will say that the relief it was framed to
give should not be given. It exceeds in no particular the Nation's promises in the
past or the wishes of the Nation in the present. Notwitlistanding the ceaseless, earn-
est efforts of our most efficient Pension Committee in its behalf, it has failed to pass
Congress, and by this failure, wholly inexplicable and indefensible, thousands of our
helpless comrades, helpless because of their devotion to their country in its extremity,
are subsisting upon the charity of their comrades, or are paupers in the mighty,
wealthy republic their unselfish valor saved. It cannot be that the people of America
will volimtarily continue longer to withhold from these heroic men that scanty support
needed to preserve them from the pauper's fate and enable them to end their lives
so replete with past glory, so full of present pain, so bereft of future hope, in self-
respected manliness.
Let our action be of a manly, dignified character, worthy the men and the cause
we represent, and justly exemplifying that comradeship which is the tie that binds
us together. No measure receiving the endorsement of this Encampment, followed
by the earnest, hearty support of our entire membership, will fail to receive favor-
able consideration from the National Congress. Through this body, and this alone,
our Order must speak, or speak in discordant tones.
It is not to be expected that all will agree upon any measure proposed, but when,
after discussion and deliberation, the majority have decided on a measure, all should
yield and give it their support. It is only by .so doing that the Grand Army of the
Republic can w'uAd the influence in aid of needy comrades that the Nation is ready
to accord it, but which it has not exerted in the past.
woman's remef coups.
I have had occasion during the year to observe the workings of the Woman's Re-
lief Corps, and have no hesitation in bearing testimony to the great aid given our
Posts by the efficient .services of that auxiliary organization. Its officers have been
prudent, energetic and loyal to the Grand Army of the Republic and its sacred
trust.
SONS OF VETERANS.
It will be but a short perioil until our ranks are so meagre, and the surviving
comrades so weighed down with the burden of years, that our organization will have
ceased tf) be an active force in the works of loyal love and eharity which it has or-
.daincd. The tender ceremonies of Memorial Day will then be performed by others
' or not iit all. It seems to me that it would be th- part of wisdom for us while yet in
our vigor to establish such relationship between our Order and the Sons of Veterans
Administration of John P, Rea. 357
as to properly recognize that organization. The young men composing it feel a just
pride in the deeds of their fathers, and moved by filial love have settled their diffi-
culties and are anxious for recognition from us. I would" recommend the appoint-
ment of a committee to report to the Twenty-third National Encampment a plan
defining and establishing such relations with that Order as the character of its mem-
bership, its aims and objects, and its natural affinity to the Grand Army of the Re-
public seem to demand. I have every reason to believe that all objectionable features
now characterizing that Order and standing in the way of such recognition will
gladly be removed upon our request.
GENERAL SHERIDAN.
One of the sad events of the year was the death of Comrade Philip H. Sheridan,
General of the United States Army, a member of Post No. 5, Department of Illinois.
He died in the prime of his perfect manhood, ending a career that can suffer no dis-
paragement by comparison with that of any other in human history. All gentleness
in his nature, he was yet the dashing, heroic master of modern warfare. An edu-
cated soldier, he was nevertheless the trusted, considerate and appreciating com-
mander of volunteers. He never erred in judgment; never faltered in purpose;
never failed in courage. His unselfishness was only equalled by his greatness of
character. Living, he placed a true estimate upon the men he had commanded, and
in death he sought the companionship of those who had followed and loved him.
He sleeps to-day amid that army corps of immortal heroes in their bivouac of glory at
Arlington, and will come forth with them, and surrounded by them, when the re-
veille of eternity is sounded.
HISTORY.
Past Commander in-Chief Robert B. Beath, of Pennsylvania, acting upon the
recommendation of the Twenty-first National Encampment, and after the most ex-
haustive research for material, has prepared, and has now isi press, a perfect and
complete history of our organization from its beginning. Comrade Beath brought to
this work special and unique qualifications. His official connection with our Order
began with its life. No other member of our Order, living or dead, participated
more largely in the events which he has recorded, or made more than did he of the
history he has written. From a careful perusal of the advance sheets of the work, I
can with confidence assure this Encampment that his forthcoming history has not
only been prepared with great labor and a conscientious adherence to the truth,
but is authentic and complete in every detail, and will not only meet all just ex-
pectations, but will be a history worthy of the Grand Army of the Republic, which
has occupied so important a place in the annals of the last quarter of a century of
our Republic.
ARMY AND NAVY SURVIVORS' DIVISION.
I would call special attention to that portion of the report of the Adjutant-General
which refers to the Army and Navy Survivors' Division of the United States Pension
Office. The practical benefits resulting from that division are incalculable, and it is
to be hoped that, through the instrumentality of Departments and Posts, its records
may, within a short period, be made complete.
I desire to make grateful acknowledgment of the assistance rendered me by the
comrades associated with me in the administration of your affairs.
358 Grand AR>rY of the Bepublic.
By referring to the report of the Judge-Advocate-General, j'ou will find a full
statement of the action taken in regard to the gift of the Grant cottage, witii respect
to which I would reeomm'end tiiat my successor be authorized to carry out the scheme
which was susjiended by the death of Mr. Drexel, in case such be the disposition of
his executors or heirs.
MEMOUIAL, DAY.
Memorial Day, with its tender and beautiful ceremonies, was generally and
fittingly observed throughout the entire country.
CONCLUSION.
I have visited twenty-four Departments, some of them several times, have made
one hundred and twenty-two public addresses, and to the utmost tension of my phys-
ical strength and mental ability have striven to discharge the duties of the high office
with which you have honored me, in such manner that no stain would come upon the
burnished fame of the Grand Army of the Republic.
Wherever I have gone, north or south, east or west, I have received a kindly
greeting and a cordial welcome, most gratifying, because it came spontaneously as an
evidence of the high regard of the people of this Republic for the survivors of the
army and navy which conquered treason, cemented the Union, and established upon
a basis of universal equality the grandest nation of the earth. In all sections of the
country I have found the comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic, in commu-
nity and in State, occupying the highest positions, enjoying the full confidence of
their fellow-citizens, and living manly lives w^orthy the earnest they gave of fidelity
and loyalty in the terrific conflict through which they passed in their j'outh.
Comrades, we will soon pass through the dark valley, over the river, and pitch
our tents within the ,shadow of the dim unknown, but behind us as a monument of
achievement will remain the ocean-bound American Republic, the only true republic
the world has ever known, within whose borders there is no peasant, no sorf, no
slave, only men and women living in the consciousness of the true nobility of man-
hood and of womanhood. Acro.ss this continent, from the rock-bound coast on
"which beat the waves of the Atlantic, over mountain and valley for thirty five hun-
dred miles, to where the calm Pacific beats on California's golden strand, there is
to-day a great unbroken level of happy American homes, in which live the repre-
sentatives of all races, of all nationalities, of all civilizations; and all are gathered
around the altar of one common country, in the brotherhood of universal free-
dom. Over all the starry banner under which we fought, and whose folds we em-
blazoned with the names of the proudest victories humanity ever won, waves as
the ensign of that government which is the realized hope of the great and good
of all the ages. AVhen within our borders hundreds of nullions shall live the
home life of American freemen, and around their hearths the story of your deeds
shall !)• told, those teeming millions will still have but one flag, one country, one
destiny.
REPORTS OF OFFICERS.
Adjutant-General Daniel Fish presented the statistics of mem-
"bership by D(^partineuts. The followiiifj; is a recapitulation of the
returns for the year ending March 31, 1888 :
Administration of John P. Piea. 359
Members in good standing March 31, 1887 320,936
Gained by muster 53,695
transfer 8,483
reinstatement 24,843
Gained from delinquent reports 28,830
Total gain 115,851
Aggregate 436,987
Lost by death 4,433
" honorable discharge 2,297
" transfer. 10,281
suspension . 36,883
dishonorable discharge 332
delinquent reports ... 28,545
Total loss 82,771
Members in good standing March 31, 1888 354,216
Net gain in membership in good standing 33,280
" " Posts reporting 472
" chartered Posts 393
Members remaining suspended 35,828
Members lost in last quarter by delinquent reports 5,922
Total in suspension 31,750
Members in good standing 354,216
Total memljership 385,966
QUARTER ENDING JUNE 30, 1888.
Returns have been received from all departments but one, giving the gains and
losses to June 30, 1888, showing:
In good standing March 31 354,216
Gain in good standing June quarter 7,446
Total in good standing 861,663
Lost in June quarter by delinquent reports 6,663
Remaining suspended .... 26.920
Total in suspension 33,583
Aggregate on the rolls 395,245
Assuming that 4,755 comrades vrere out on transfer cards (a very moderate esti-
mate), the total membership of the Grand Army of the Republic on June 30, 1888,
was a round four hundred thousand.
DEPARTMENTS.
Idaho was organized as a Permanent Department January 11, 1888, and Arizona
on January 17, 1888.
These Departments are taken from the former jurisdictions of California and
360 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
Utah. That part of the Indian Territory occupied by the Choctaw, Cherokee and
Chickasaw nations has l)een detached from the Department of Texas and annexed to
that of Arkansas, and the name of the Department of the Gulf changed to Louisiana
and Mississippi.
CHARITY.
The amount of money expended by the Posts of each Department as reported to
this oflice, aggregating 8=315,97.5.19, is shown by the following table. Every comrade
knows how inadequately these figures represent the actual money contriljutions of
the members of our Order to the relief of the needy, and how impossible it is to sym-
b:)iiz(.' in any form the help and cheer which results from the benevolent features of
our work. It will be observed that the amount thus reported falls short of the aggre-
gate returned last year by nearly 1380,000. The establishment of Soldiers' Homes
and systems of State relief, and the extension of the pension roll, all so largely due to
the efforts of the Grand Army of the Republic, have sensibly reduced the demand for
Individual and Post contributions.
EXPENDED FOR RELIEF, YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 1888.
Arizona $360 65 Montana $656 80
Arkansas.. 289 45 Nebraska. 1,635 85
California 3,995 57 New Hampshire 3,606 53
Colorado 1,760 74 New Jersey ... 8,240 64
Connecticut 8,127 95 New Mexico 18 15
Dakota 319 39 New York 38,177 78
Delaware 64136 Ohio 13,13173
Florida 170 46 Oregon 492 63
Gulf (La. and .Aliss.) .... 296 30 Pennsylvania 29 240 83
Idaho 158 70 Potomac 1,334 11
Illinois 12 752 50 Rhode Island 2,450 66
Indiana.... 6 44169 Tennessee and Gorgia. 310 43
Iowa ... 4,566 85 Texas 175 50
Kansas 6,675 70 Utah 307 18
Kentucky 404 46 Vermont 1,162 76
Maine 5,636 18 Virginia 508 99
Massachusetts 43.875 43 Wasliington Territory. . . 178 05
Maryland 670 40 West Virginia 693 68
Michigan 5,884 79 Wisconsin 4,190 33
Minnesota 1.998 84
Missouri 4,536 19 Total $315,975 19
This sub.stantial sum was distributed to comrades and their dependents to the
number of 15,103, and to other persons numbering 8,707; a grand total of 33,810 per-
sons pecuniarily assisted.
REPORT OF QUARTERMASTER-GENERAL JOHN TAYLOR.
Qujirtfrmiistpr-Geiieral Taylor reported in detail the receipts
aud di.sbur.semeut.s of the year :
Administration of John P. Kea. 361
ABSTRACT.
Cash balance on hand August 31, 1887 $12,601 88
Transferred from Pensacola Fund 1,501 95
Received from sale of supplies, as per abstract, 27,031 47
•' " per capita tax 8,138 08
" " interest on United States bonds, 640 00
deposits 225 63
" " charter fees. Departments of Ar-
izona and Idaho 40 00
Total to be accoimted for |50,179 01
Expenditures, as per abstracts :
Travelling expenses $4,32194
Incidentals, postage, freight, salaries,
printing, &c 10,701 33
$15,023 27
Purchase of supplies, as per abstract 20,930 50
Total expenditures $35,953 77
Balance cash on hand August 31, 1888 $14,225 24
Due by departments 1,910 63
United States bonds, market value 20,480 04
Supplies 1,364 08
Total assets 37,979 99
Grant Monument Fund $9,235 49
Judge-Advocate-General Wlieelock G. Yeazey, in addition to
the opinions given on nine cases submitted to liim by the Com-
mander-in-Chief, also reported on the status of the proposed gift
by the late Jos. W. Drexel, of New York, of the cottage at Mt.
McGregor, in which General Grant died.
A bill had been prepared under which the cottage would be
held by an Association for the Grand Army of the Republic, which
had passed the Legislature of New York, and was in the hands of
the Governor when Mr. Drexel died. Owing to this no further
steps had been taken in the matter.
REPORT OF THE INSPECTOR-GENIERAL.
Inspector-General Ira M. Hedges presented in print the re-
port of Inspections of the Departments.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief Linehan presented in print
a report of his official work during the year.
Chaplain-in-Chief Edward Anderson in his report suggested
362 Grand Army of the Republic.
that efforts shoiilcl be made to secure comprehensive reports of
Memorial Day services.
The Sons of Veterans reported to him that 751 Camps liad
taken part in the hist services, having 1;"),589 members in line,
and that ll,o70 members had attended the Sunday services in
chnrches.
Surgeon-General Florence Donohue reported the results of
his efforts to stimulate the officers of his department to more
systematic work than heretofore, and said that the positions of
Post Surgeon or Medical Directors should not be sought for by
any one not entirely willing and thoroughly able to render med-
ical and surgical aid to our poor and sick comrades when neces-
sary.
The reports of destitution aud sickness tliat I have received is simply appalling,
and I am exceedingly gratified that tl'e present Medical Directors have so promptly
and efficiently aided in carrying out my plans.
COMMITTEES APPOINTED.
On Address of Commander-in-Chief : — Josiah Given, Iowa ;
L. G. Rutherford, Michigan ; Theo. W. Bean, Pennsylvania ; Fred.
E. Smith, Vermont ; C. G. Edwards, Minnesota.
On Rules and Regulations : — Samuel Harper, Pennsylvania ;
H. G. Rogers, Wisconsin ; John J. Healy, Illinois ; J. H. Thacher,
Connecticut ; C. F. Manderson, Nebraska.
On Report of the Adjutant-General : — E. B. Gray, Wisconsin ;
John Cameron, Potomac ; O. H. Coulter, Kansas ; William Todd,
New York ; Josiah Holbrook, Ohio.
On Reports of Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Junior Vice-
Commander-in-Chief, Chaplain-in-Chief aiid Surgeon-General : —
Charles T. Clark, Ohio ; Alonzo Williams, Rhode Island ; Charles
W. Filer, Connecticut ; Bernard Kelly, Kansas ; S. E. Faunce,
Potomac.
On Report of Quartermaster-General Taylor : — E. C. Milliken,
Maine ; J. N. Terrell, New Jersey ; Thos. Helms, Texas ; E. S.
Miller, Dakota ; Thos. F. Lang, Maryland.
On Report of Inspector-General Hedges : — T. G. Fowler,
Illinois ; I. N. Walker, Indiana ; W. H. Harton, Kentucky ; C. H.
Hubbard, California ; E. Henry Jenks, Rhode Island.
Administration of John P. Rea. 363
On Keport of Judge- Advocate-General Veazej : — R. B. Brown,
Oliio ; L. E. Griffith, New York ; S. E. Fannce, Potomac ; J. H.
Gonlding, Yermont ; AY. N. Eaton, Yirginia.
On Resolutions : — A. C. Reinoelil, Pennsylvania, Chairman ;
Arizona, A. L. Grow ; Arkansas, S. K. Robinson ; California,
B. O. Carr ; Colorado, Thos. A. MacMorris ; Connecticut, Wm.
H. Pierpont ; Dakota, Geo. B. Winship ; Delaware, Alex. Bur-
leigh ; Florida, J. T. Talbott ; Illinois, Philij) S. Post ; Indiana,
David N. Foster ; Iowa, John S. Woolson ; Kansas, R. W.
Blue ; Kentucky, O. A. Reynolds ; Louisiana and Mississip-
pi, Jacob Gray ; Maine, A. M. Sawyer ; Maryland, G. W. F.
"\"ernon ; Massachusetts, S. M. Weale ; Michigan, John Atkin-
son ; Minnesota, L. W. Collins ; Missouri, James G. Butler ; Mon-
tana, James H. Mills ; Nebraska, A. H. Church ; New Hampshire,
J. H. French ; New Jersey, W. W. Larkiu ; New Mexico, J, H.
Purdy ; New York, Warner Miller ; Ohio, A. L. Conger ; Poto-
mac, William Gibson ; Rhode Island, S. W. K. Allen ; Tennessee
and Georgia, Frank Seaman ; Texas, J. C. Bigger ; Utah, Elijah
Sells ; Yermont, A. B. Yalentine ; Yirginia, H. De B. Clay ; Wash-
ington Territory, D, B. Kimball ; West Yirginia, Anthony Smith ;
Wisconsin, M. Griffin.
PRESENTATION TO COMRADE FAIRCHILD.
In accordance with the action of the previous Encampment,
a committee consisting of Louis Wagner, Pennsylvania ; J. L.
Bennett, Illinois ; E. F. Weigel, Missouri ; H. E. Turner, New
York ; Jno. L. AVheeler, New Jersey, had been appointed to pro-
cure and present to Past Commander-in-Chief Lucius Fairchild a
testimonial of the respect and esteem of the Grand Army of the
Republic. In accordance therewith, the Committee had painted
by John C. Sergeant, of Boston, a life-size oil portrait of Com-
rade Fairchild, which was at this time presented to him by Com-
rade Wagner, Chairman of the Committee.
EEPORTS OF COMMITTEES.
On Address of Commander-in-Chief Rea :
The Commander-in-Chief's address, though brief and concise, treats so fully upon
all the subjects requiring mention as to leave nothing to be added. The subjects
mentioned are so forcibly and ably discussed and the recommendations made so
manifestly proper that the address should k-ave the unanimous approval of the En-
campmeat.
364 Gran*d Army of the Republic.
The patriotic sentiments so eloquently expressed, the deserved "words of praise to
the people of Ohio, and the expression of thanks for the generous hospitality we are
enjoying, will find a ready response from the members of the Encampment.
The recommendation of the Commander-in-Chief in reference to the gift of the
Grant cottage, meets with the hearty approval of your committee.
"We con'iratulate the Grand Army of the Republic upon the eminently successful
administration of its affaiivs by Commander-in-Chief John P. Rea ; and we recom-
mend that the Council of Administration procure and in the name and on behalf of the
members of the Grand Army of the Republic present to Comrade Rea a suitable
testimonial of their hearty appreciation and cordial approval of his administration.
His efforts for the advancement of the Grand Army of the Republic have been
ceaseless and untiring, prompted by no other motive than to place the organization
in the position of that of the grandest in history.
The suggestions of the Conmiander-in-Chief pointing to the fact that ere long
" the tender ceremonies of ]\Iemorial Day will be performed by others or not at all,''
in the judgment of your committee emphasizes the propriety of carrying out the
recommendation of the Commander-in-Chief for the appointment of a committee to
report to the next Encampment a plan defining and establishing our relation with
the Sons of Veterans.
Tlie report was unanimously adopted.
On Report of Adjutant-General Fish : — The Committee to
which was referred the report of the Adjutant-General respect-
fully submit the following :
The increa.se in membership in the Order is gratifying. The total membership,
385,966, borne \ipon the rolls March 31, 1888, is, measured by the experience tables
of life insurance experts, one-half of the .survivors of the war of the rebellion.
The discussion of Reports and Consolidated Returns is recommended to the care-
ful attention of every one of th" forty As-;istant-Adjutants-General of the Order.
Such reports might have been helpful in the ])ast, but the}^ have long since ceased to
have any important meaning, and it is to be hoped that the last clauses of Sec. 2,
Article 2, Chapter V, Rules and Regulations, will never again be put in force by
National lleadciuarters.
The committee desire to emphasize what is said concerning Headquarters furni-
ture and records.
The practice of allowing property and records of our Order lo follow the Com-
mander-in-Chief around the country is wasteful, imbusiuess-like, and should cease.
We call the attention of all Department Commanders to the necessity of i)repar-
ing and certifying to National Headquarters the roster of their successors in oflice.
In conclusion, after careful consideration of the repoit of the Adjut.nnt-General,
the committee recommend its adoption, and commend Adjutant-General Fish upon
the clear and concise manner in which he has set forth the wurk of his office during
the past prosperous year.
The Committee on Reports of the Junior Yice-Commander-
in-Chief John C. Liuehan, Chaplain-in-Chief Edward Anderson,
and Surgeon-General Florence Donohue, heartily commended
these ofiicers for their work during the year.
Administeation op John P. Eea. 365
The Committee on Report of the Quartermaster-General com-
mended the zeal and fidelity of Comrade Taylor in discharging
the duties of his office.
The Committee on Rejjort of Judge-Advocate-General Yeazey
reported, approving the opinions rendered, and recommended
that the matter of the Drexel Cottage at Mount McGregor be re-
ferred to a committee consisting of the Commander-in-Chief, the
Department Commander of New York, and Comrade Wheelock
G. Veazey.
The Committee on Report of Inspector-General Hedges favored
the adoption of the recommendations made in his report.
ON RULES AND REGULATIONS.
The Committee reported adversely upon the proposition to
deprive Past Department Commanders of a seat and vote in the
Department and National Encampments ; also adversely upon the
proposition to render eligible those who had been first forced
into the rebel service but afterwards served in and were honor-
ably discharged from the Union service.
Department Encampments were authorized to restore the right
to honors lost by Past Post Commanders.
REVISION OF RITUAL.
In accordance with the action of the previous Encampment,
Comrades T. J. Stewart, Pennsylvania ; George S. Evans, Massa-
chusetts ; and George B. Squires, New York, had been appointed
a Committee on Revision of the Ritual.
The Committee reported, through their Chairman, such a
revision, which was on motion adopted, to go into force January
1, 1889 ; the Committee having power, with the approval of the
Commander-in-Chief, to make certain minor changes suggested.
The same Committee was authorized to revise the other Serv-
ices of the Order.
MONUMENT TO GENERAL JOHN A. LOGAN.
Comrade R. A. Alger, Chairman of the Committee appointed
to solicit funds to erect an equestrian statue in Washington in
366 Grand Army of the Bepublic.
memory of General John A. Logan, reported that a circular had
been issued asking comrades to donate ten cents each to this
fund. A list of the donors will be sent to Mrs. Logan to be pre-
served in a Memorial Hall which she is adding to her home in
Washington.
Committee: — R. A. Alger, Chairman, Detroit, Michigan; Han-
nibal Hamlin, Maine ; James A. Beaver, Harrisburg, Pennsyl-
vania ; Jno. M. Palmer, Springfield, Illinois ; H. H. Thomas, Chi-
cago, Illinois.
REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON PENSIONS.
During the year the committee has held six meetings, four of them in Wash-
ington.
Early in the Session of Congress the committee secured a hearing before the Pen-
sion Committees of the Senate and House of Representatives, and urged the passage
of tlie several measures endorsed at the last session of the National Encampment, as
follovps:
First The Disability Bill, proposed by this committee, and endorsed with prac-
tical unanimity by tlie members, Posts and National Encampment of the Grand
Army of the Republic, granting pensions to all veterans now disabled or in need; to
mothers and fathers from date of dependence; continuance of pensions to widows in
their own right and an increase for minor children.
Second. A bill granting pensions to all widows of veterans.
Third. The bill for increase of pensions for the severer disabilities, substantially
as presented by the Maimed Veteran's League.
Fourth. All of the special recommendations in the report of Pension Commis-
sioner Black, not included in the foregoing.
Fifth. Pensions to all disabled survivors of rebel prisons.
Sixth. The sjime pension to the widow of General .John A. Logan as has been
granted to the widow of General Geo. II. Thomas and the widow of General Win-
field S. Hancock.
Seventh. A re-enactment of the Arrears Law.
Eighth. An increase of all pensions now allowed at a less rate to eight dollars a
month.
The Senate Committee promptly reported a bill, substantially that endorsed by
you, but in the hope of overcoming the freely and vigorously expressed antagouism
to any other form by the Chairman of the House Committee, a clause insisting upon
" present dependence" of di.sabled veterans was inserted against the protest of your
committee This bill was at once passed by the Senate and by the House referred to
the Committee on Invalid Pensions.
The recommendations in favor of a special pension to Mrs. Mary A. Logan early
became law, and in addition the following bills have passed both houses:
Granting arrears of pensions to widows of veterans from death of husband.
Increasing the rate for total or partial deafness.
Administration of John P. Eea. 367
Extending the time in which officers records can be amended and within which
claims may be filed for horses lost in the service.
The Senate also, in addition to the Disability Bill, passed the following, which
have not received consideration in the House:
Increase for loss of both hands from $72 to $100.
Fixing the rate for total helplessness at $73.
By every means in its power, through official presentation, in appeals by our
comrades from all sections of the country, your committee urged favorable and early
action, especially upon the Disability Bill, that the report from the House Committee
might secure a place upon the legislative calendar, affording hope of consideration
during the session.
Your committee urged this bill in the name of the entire membership of the
Grand Army of the Republic, showing to the Com.mittee of the House that whatever
differences of opinion existed among the veterans as to other pension questions,
however far short this came, however more broadly some wislied to build pension
foundations, one and all were cordially, harmoniously, enthusiastically for this small
measure of relief. It w^ould have cost less than the twentieth part of the alleged sur-
plus, the disposition of which so puzzles the law makers, and v,-as«the one thing upon
which every comrade was agreed ; no pension measure ever came before Congress
with such an endorsemc nt.
Weeks and months of the session passed with no action by the Committee— one
man blocked the way.
At last, when the session was more than half spent, .".nd the calendar of the House
was filled beyond possibility of clearance, the chairman of the committee consented to
a report. And such a report ! The unanimous voice of the veterans was disregarded.
The four hundred thousand members of the Grand Army were told that even in so
small and simple a measure of relief they were not possessed of sufficient intelligence
to know what they did wish, or to form a statute to compass it. The bill reported
was a mongrel, narrow, picayunish affair, attempting to deceive by applying the per
diem principle, not in the broad and comprehensive scope of its honest promoters, but
as limiting, qualifying and dividing by days and pennies, pensions for the utterly dis-
abled veterans whom your bill sought to take from the pauper houses of the land by
granting pensions of twelve dollars per month.
And the chilling sugijestion was officially made by the chairman, that if owing
to a limited term of service, in many cases curtailed and cut short by disabilities in-
curred therein, any one of th'^::, needy comrades of ours should receive only a pit-
tance " For the remainder of the relief necessary to his support, h^ r.hall be allowed,
as other citizens must, to accept the charity of the local authorities."
This bill was reported to the House and put upon the calendar— that graveyard of
dead hopes and delayed possibilities.
From that hour it has proved impossible to bring this or any other general pension
measure before the House. Could consideration once be secured, the bill would ba
open to amendment, and the opinion of the members be had upon the substitution of
your bill, or the per diem service, or any other measure of pension legislation.
In May, your committee prepared a petition to the Committee on Rules, asking
that three or four days be set apart for the consideration of general pension legis-
lation.
This petition received the signatures of over one hundred members of the House;
the name of the chairman of the Committee on Invalid Pensions was not on the list
368 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
of those in favor of such action. It has been clearly within liis own power to secure
the assignment of one or more days for this purpose; he made no such effort, nor by
act or word indicated that he favored it.
The responsibility for the failure of your bill, the responsibility for the failure of
general pension legislation of any kind or degree, the responsibility for the failure to
secure for the veterans of the land even a hearing before the National House of
Representatives for the present session, rests upon the chairman of the House Com-
mittee on Invalid Pensions.
Regretting that its efforts in following out your instructions have been thus
hindered and thwarted, your committee recommends that the suggestions of last year
be re-affirmed and another vigorous campaign be begun in behalf of our needy and
deserving comrades.
Geo. S. Merkill,
James Tanner,
John S. Kountz,
John W. Burst,
Louis Wagner,
Committee on Pensions.
COMMITTEE ON RESOLUTIONS.
The Committee reported as follows :
SONS OF VETERANS, U. S. A.
Resolved, That the Encampment indorse the objects and purposes of the Order of
Sons of Veterans, U. S. A., and hereby give to the Order the official recognition of the
Grand Army of the Republic, and recommend that comrades aid and encourage the
institution of Camps of the Sons of Veterans, U. S. A.
Resolved, That with pride and heartfelt pleasure we place on record our heartfelt
appreciation of the hearty welcome and most generous hospitality extended to the En-
campment and to the membership of the Grand Army of the Republic by the citizens
of Columbus, and by State and department officials, who have freelj^ opened to us the
hospitable homes of their beautiful city and allowed us to take entire possession of
their city, their capital and their State, and whose unceasing efforts and boundless lib
erality combine to make this the most successful, as it is the most numerously attend-
ed, National Encampment our Order has yet held.
Unanimously adopted by a rising vote.
THANKS TO THE PRESS.
A resolution of thanks was unanimously adopted to the news-
papers of Columbus for their accurate and comprehensive re-
ports of the proceedings of the Encampment, and for their
courteous treatment.
Administration of John P. Eea. 369
SERVICE pensions.
Majority and minority reports on service pensions were read
from the Committee on Resolutions.
Majority report :
Resolved, That it is the sense of this Encampment that the time has come when the
soldiers amd sailors of the war for the preservation of the Union should receive the
substantial and merited recognition of this government by granting them service pen-
sions, and further
Besolred. That this Encampment favors the presentation to Congress of a bill which
shall give to every soldier or sailor who served the United States between April, 1861,
and July, 1865, for a period of sixty days or more, a service pension of eight dollars a
month, and to those whose service exceeded eight hundred days an additional pension
of one cent per day per month for service in excess of that period.
Resolved, Your committee also earneslly recommends the preparation of a bill plac-
ing the widows of Union soldiers, sailors and marines on the pension list without re-
gard to the time of service or the cause of the soldic^r's death.
Resolved, Your committee further report that we do not withdraw our support of
the bill now before Congress, which was proposed and indorsed by the Pension Com-
mittee, known as the Disability Pension Bill.
The following was the minority report : •
Resolved, That we renew our approval of the bill now before Congress which was
prepared and indorsed by the national Pension Committee of the Grand Kxxaj of the
Republic, and favor its passage in favor of our needy and deserving comrades.
The majority report was adopted by a vote of 363 to 22.
DECORATION OF GRAVES.
A resolution was adopted directing reports by Departments of
the number of graves of Union soldiers and sailors decorated
each Memorial Day. The Council of Administration was au-
thorized to arrange for memorial services, and to pay the neces-
sary expenses of flags and other decorations over the graves in the
National Cemeteries of the South.
GENERAL PHILIP H. SHERIDAN.
The following was adopted by a unanimous vote :
Whereas, since the meeting of the national Encampment of the Grand Army of
the Republic, held over a year ago, our comrade, Philip H Sheridan, the General-in-
Chief of the Army of the United States, has passed over the river of death to the
great beyond.
Resolved, That with sincere sorrow we mourn the loss of one of the brave defend-
ers of the nation, one whose brilliant achievements in arms, whose heroic courage in
24
370 Grand Armv of the Eepublic.
the hours of peril, snatching victory from defeat, and wliose untiring energj' has
challenged the admiration of the world and has placed his name on the pages of his-
tory among the foremost of the illustrious soldiers of his own age as well as those of
the past.
liinolred. That in the life of our late comrade in arms we recognize that type of
manhood which characterizes the man born and reared under our free institutions,
blending tlie citizen with the soldier, and whose lofty patriotism so guided and mould-
ed ambition that it was formidable only to the enemies of his country.
li^'wlred, that our deep s}-mpathy be extended to his sorrowing family in this their
hour of grief, and a.ssure them, while we mourn with them the loss of the loving hus-
band imd tender father, we will ever cherish with pride the memory of Philip H.
Sheridan.
WOMAN S RELIEF CORPS.
A committee, consisting of Mrs. Belle T. Bagley, Department
President of Ohio ; Mrs. Annie AVittenmyer, Past National Chap-
lain ; Mrs. Sarah A. C. Plummer, Past Department President of
Michigan, appeared before the Encampment, and presented the
following address from the National Convention :
Commander-in-Chief Rea, and Comrades of the Twenty-second National Encampment,
Grand Army of the Republic :
- By the appointment of the President of the Sixth National Convention of the
Woman's Relief Corps, auxiliary to the Grand Army of the Republic, now assembled
in this city, and at the request of the Commander-in-Chief, John P. Rea, we appear
upon the floor of this Encampment to return the greetings which your committee —
Comrade Vanosdol, Department Commander of Indiana; Comrade Evans, Past De-
partment Commander of Ma.s.sachusetts, and Comrade Allan, Past Junior Yicc-Com-
mander-in-Chief , of Virginia— so gracefully extended to our national organization.
In the performance of this pleasing and agreeable duty we come to assure you of our
lasting fealty and unswerving allegiance to the Grand Army of the Republic. Nor
would we fail at this time to express our approbation of the continuous and cordial
recognition which you have given our work since its inception. When the National
Asso(!iation was effected at Denver, Colorado, in 1883, you gave it noble sanction
and bl(;.s.sed it in its birth. And each .successive year has our national convention
been stimulated to increa.sed work by inspiring approbation that we have received at
your hands.
Heartily have you signified your gratitude for all our efforts to share in assuming
the duties and rcsjxjiisibilities that you owe to each otlier by the ties of your sacred
fraternity, a fraternity that was born of friendship in tlie camp, in the hospital, on
the march, in the battle or in loathsome prison pens. It is unncce.s.sary to i)ieture
what would have been the condition of the soldiers of the Republic had treason con-
quered the armies of loyalty. From what might have been, I turn to the more
pleasing reality of a nation saved, loyalty victorious, treason detlironed and writhing
in its owii downfall, and the brave defenders of our nation assembled in tliis grand
encampment in tlie capitnl of the Buckeye State, which gave as her offering for
loyalty 2()(),()00 of her noblest sons to battle for the cause which you here to day so
Administration of John P. Eea. 371
grandly represent. The Woman's Relief Corps, auxiliary to the most exalted and
praiseworthy organization of soldiers born of woman, comes to you to-day with
greetings of honor for you, the chivalry of America.
We bear you greetings for your loyalty to manhood, the pride of woman's
heart.
We come to you with greetings for your devotion to comradeship, sanctified by
the service, yes, how often by the blood of men who were our fathers, husbands,
lovers, sons or brothers. We come to you bearing the individual and united greet-
ings of 63.000 of America's patriotic daughters, who to-day stand in one solid
phalanx to aid you in all measures designed to advance Grand Army interests. We
bring special greetings to our Commander-in-Chief in recognition of the loyal and
soldierly sympathy which he, throughout this administration, has manift'Sted toward
the Woman's Relief Corps of the nation. And especially does our honored National
President, Mrs. Emma S. Hampton, through the committee, acknowledge profound-
est gratitude for his faithful co-operation and eminently wise counsels in the con-
sideration, and assisting in the adjustment, of complicated questions and issues,
which have been so successfully met during the year now closing. We hail with
eagerness and solemnity the annual return of our memorial day duties, the perform-
ance of which is peculiarly and sacredly in accord with woman's heart.
It has been, and will be more extensively, throughout the several departments,
the special concern of the Woman's Relief Corps to provide the joys of Christmas
tide for the children of our veterans who are the wards of State or county homes.
We are zealously in favor of, and will persistently and continuously work in every
way that is womanly for the pensioning of those women who were war army nurses
and diet kitchen managers.
Again we reaffirm our professions and pledges to you who rank as the noblest
soldiers' organization on the earth, realizing that the mission of our Order will en-
large and the demands for our work become more imperative as the veterans of the
war advance towards decrepitude.
And, finally, we declare ourselves enlisted in this cause of holy charity so long as
a veteran of the Union Army or his widow or his orphan shall need the helping hand
of woman.
YELLOW-FEVER SUFFERERS.
The Slim of $500 was voted unanimously for the relief of the
yellow-fever sufferers at Jacksonville, Florida.
SCHOOL HISTORIES OF THE REBELLION.
The Department of Wisconsin presented in print extracts
from a number of " Histories " in use in the South, that in the
opinion of the Committee were spreading " a thoroughly studied,
rank, partisan system of sectional education." " These school his-
tories teach the same identical doctrine, more radical and parti-
san than before the war, as they now proclaim the righteousness
of their cause, vindicate State sovereignty and secession, and any
372 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
school history that teaches anything different finds but little en-
conragement in that section."
ELECTION OF OFFICERS.
The following ofiicers were elected :
Commander-in-Chief, William Warner, Kansas City, Missouri.
Senior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, Moses H. Neil, Columbus,
Ohio.
Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Joseph Hadfield, New York
City, New York.
Surgeon-General, E. M. De AVitt, Des Moines, Iowa.
Chaplain-in-Chief, S. G. Updyke, Brookings, Dakota.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
Arizona, ; Arkansas, Lafayette Gregg ; California,
George E. Gard ; Colorado, Charles F. Harkinson ; Connecticut,
Henry N. Fanton; Dakota, E. Smith ; Delaware, James Harkness;
Florida, S. W. Fox ; Illinois, John J. Healey ; Indiana, Allan H.
Dougall ; Idaho, W. T. Kiley ; Iowa, H. M. Pickell ; Kansas,
George K. Spencer ; Kentucky, Daniel O'Eiley ; Louisiana and
Mississippi, J. M. Lawler ; Maine, Chester A. Jones ; Massachu-
setts, E. B. Macy ; Michigan, R. A. Alger ; Maryland, William A.
McKellip ; Minnesota, C. H. Bennett ; Missouri, Frank Alderson ;
Montana, Pierce Hoopes ; Nebraska, T. S. Clarkson ; New Hamp-
shire, William S. Pillsbury ; New Jersey, J. E. Lovett ; New Mex-
ico, James H. Purdy ; New York, Charles A. Orr ; Ohio, T. M.
Sechler ; Oregon, Pi. M. McMaster ; Pennsylvania, William Mc-
Clelland ; Potomac, Amos J. Gunning ; Rhode Island, Henry C.
Luther ; Tennessee and Georgia, Frank Seaman ; Texas, W. H.
Nye ; Utah, James F. Bradley ; Yerraont, Fred. E. Smith ; Yir-
ginia, Henry B. Nichols ; Washington Territory, A. P. Curry ;
West Virginia, T. H. Duval ; Wisconsin, George C. Ginty.
THE RE-UNION AND PARADE.
The most complete arrangements had been made for the care
and accommodation of the immense crowds that Avere expected to
l)e in attendance, and the expectations of the most sanguine, in
this respect, were fully realized.
Administration of John P. Eea. 373
In addition to the accommodations given in hotels, boarding-
houses and by private families, halls were engaged and filled with
cots, and camps conveniently located made room for the thousands
of comrades who preferred camping out for the week. One of the
camps was specially arranged for comrades having their wives or
other members of their families with them.
The parade on Tuesday, September 11, was under command of
Colonel A. G. Patton, A. E. Lee, Adjutant-General, and occupied
nearly five hours in passing a given point.
It was undoubtedly the largest parade of veterans of the war
since the Grand Eeview at AVashington in I860.
The battle-flags of Ohio regiments, carried by men who had
served with them during the war, excited the greatest enthusiasm
along the route. The naval veterans were duly honored in the
parade by models of the " Carondelet," the " Kearsarge," and the
monitor "Manhattan," mounted on wheels, and drawn by trac-
tion engines. Mortars were placed on the decks or in the turret,
from which bombs were fired every few minutes, the bombs con-
taining a novelty in naval warfare — efiigies in oiled silk and paper
of animals, fishes, &c., that, when the bombs burst at the height
of 300 or 400 feet, opened out, and slowly floated to the ground.
The parade was reviewed by Commander-in-Chief John P. Kea.
He was accompanied on the grand stand by General Sherman, ex-
President Rutherford B. Hayes, and Governors Foraker, Beaver,
Rusk, Thayer and Alger, all members of the Grand Army of the
Republic.
Commander-in-Chief Rea was presented by members of his of-
ficial staff with a magnificent badge, probably the handsomest
badge ever made for any member of the Grand Army of the Re-
public. Adjutant-General Daniel Fish received from the same
source a beautiful silver tea-set and salver, and Quartermaster-
General John Taylor was presented with a solid silver canteen, on
which was engraved on one side a Grand Army badge, and an in-
fantry skirmish on the other.
Commander-in-Chief Warner established Headquarters at
Kansas City, and aj)pointed the following Staff: Adjutant-Gen-
eral, Eugene F. Weigel (now Kansas City), Missouri ; Quarter-
master-General, John Taylor, Philadelphia, re-appointed ; In-
spector-General, George S. Evans, Cambridge, Massachusetts ;
Judge-Advocate-General, J. B. Johnson, Topeka, Kansas.
374 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
Major William "Warner, Commander-iu-Cliief, was born in
Wisconsin, in 1840. His parents died before he was six years of
age, leaving him to earn a living as best he could. He became a
boy of all Avork, getting his education in the common schools while
working for his board. In 1856 he was a student in the Lawrence
University, at Lawrence, Wisconsin, then taught school in his
native village for some three years, when, for one year, he at-
tended the Michigan University.
He was active in securing recruits for Company C, 33d Wiscon-
sin Infantry, of which Company he was commissioned First Lieu-
tenant. Before his regiment left the State he was made Adjutant.
In 1863, he was promoted to the Captaincy of Company D, and
commanded that company through the Siege of Vicksburg, secur-
ing special mention for his bravery. His regiment served in the
Army of the Tennessee. In the Eed Kiver Campaign, Captain
Warner served on the staff of Brigadier-General T. Kilby Smith.
In 1864 he was tendered by President Lincoln the appointment
of Assistant Adjutant-General, but declined it to accept the posi-
tion of Major of the 44tli Wisconsin. AVas mustered-out Septem-
ber 2, 1865.
He located in Kansas City, October, 1865, taking an active
part in public affairs, being elected City Attorney, in 1867, Cir-
cuit Attorney for the counties Jackson, Johnson, Lafayette, Cass,
Pettis and Saline, in 1868, and Mayor of Kansas City, in 1871.
In 1882 he was appointed United States District Attorney for
the Western District of Missouri. Was elected to the 49th Con-
gress from the 5th District of Missouri, by a majority of 1,500,
the District at the previous election having given a majority of
4,000 to the party of his competitor. He was re-elected in 1886,
and declined a renomination in 1888, and also the nomination for
Governor. He has twice received the votes of the members of
his party in the Missouri Legislature for United States Senator.
He organized and was Commander of Geo. H. Thomas Post
No. 4, Kansas City, and Department Commander, 1882-1883.
Under his administration, the number of Posts was increased
from 11 to nearly 200. He was elected Senior Vice-Commander-
in-Chief at Denver, in 1883, and was nominated for Commauder-
-in-Chief at Minneapolis, 1884, by General Sherman in a very
com])limentary speech.
His election as Commander-in-Chief at Columbus was by a
unanimous vote.
Administration o? John P. Rea. 375
Colonel Moses H, Neil, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, en-
tered the service in 1861 as Adjutant 1st Ohio Cavalry, and served
with the regiment in Kentucky and Tennessee. In the campaign
around Corinth he was seized with lung fever, and for a long time
was not expected to live. Before he had fully recovered he was
promoted Major of the regiment, but being unable to continue in
active service, he resigned in October, 1863.
He has been exceedingly active in Grand Army work, and for
two years was Commander of McCoy Post No. 1, Columbus. He
is serving on the Staff of Governor Foraker with the rank of
Colonel.
Joseph Hadfield, Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, is Com-
modore of the National Association of Naval Veterans, and Past
Commander of the Farragut Veteran Association of New York.
He joined the Grand Army of the Republic in Dahlgren Post No.
113, Department of New York, January 28, 1874, and has been
Commander of that Post, and also of Adam Goss Post No. 330.
He was born in England, and came to America when twenty
years of age. He joined the navy, February 18, 1857, to go to the
war then threatened in Nicaragua, Afterwards he sailed on the
" Hartford " to China, as an able seaman.
In April, 1862, he was on duty in the war ship Varuna, and
was in the engagement at Fort St. Philip, below New Orleans.
During the action his leg was badly injured by the recoil of
the last gun fired, his vessel was sunk, and he was rescued by a
boat from the flag-ship Pensacola and was sent North. When
sufficiently recovered was ordered as Acting Ensign to the Lo-
dona, which was engaged off Charleston. Later he served on the
Monticello, under Lieutenant William B. Cushing, and was on
that ship when it blew up the rebel ram Albemarle.
He was afterwards in service on the Savannah and other
southern rivers, was discharged April 1, 1865. After the war he
went to England in the Government service, and on his return
tendered his resignation and was honorably discharged.
Dr. R, M. De Witt, Surgeon-General, was born in Cayuga
county. New York, November 8, 1849.
His father and brother were both members of the 138th Now
York Volunteer Infantry, later 9th New York Heavy Artillery, and
376 Grand Army of the Republic.
he endeavorod to join this regiment in July, 180)2, hut was refused
on account of his age and small size. He remained at the rendez-
vous near Auburn, New York, and served as drummer for the
various regiments there formed, and in each of these he endeav-
ored to enlist, but Avithout success. Finally, by special order from
President Lincoln, he was allowed to enlist, and in April, 1864,
Avas mustered in the 9th New York Heavy Artillery. He joined
the regiment as it was leaving the defences of Washington for the
front, and served in the ranks as a private in thirteen engage-
ments before he had reached the age of sixteen years. In the
latter part of 1861: he was detailed as an Orderly at General Sher-
idan's headquarters, and so served until the end of the war. In
1865, he removed Avith his parents to Michigan, and four years
later he settled in Iowa. Here he devoted himself to obtaining
an education, later studied medicine, and received his degree from
the College of Physicians and Surgeons, at Keokuk, loAva, in
1877. Dr. De AYitt is a member of Kinsman Post No, 7, Des
Moines ; served several years as Post Surgeon, and as Medical
Director of the Department, 1888.
The Rev. Stephen G. Updyke, Chaplain-in-Chief, was born
near Ithaca, NeAv York, January 18, 1845.
The family removed to Reading, Michigan, in 1854, and after
the breaking out of the rebellion young Updyke applied for en-
listment in the 18th Michigan Infantry, but Avas rejected on ac-
count of his age. He succeeded later in being mustered into the
service and served during the last year of the Avar in Company
G, 30tli Michigan Infantry, as a private.
He Avas educated at Hillsdale College, Michigan, and Andover
Theological Seminary, Massachusetts. From 1872 to 1880, he
was Pastor of Congregational Churches at Litchfield, PentAvater
and Augusta, Michigan, and 1880-86, Pastor Congregational
Church, AVatertoAvn, Dakota. Since 1886, Professor of English
History and Elocution, and Vice-President, of Dakota Agricul-
tural College, at Brookings, Dakota.
AVas a member of the Constitutional Convention of South Da-
kota, in 1885.
He has serA'ed as Chaplain, Grand Lodge of Dakota, F. & A. M.,
since 1882, Chaplain of Grand Chapter since 1885, and Prelate of
Grand Commandery of Dakota, 1885-87.
Charter-member of Post 50, Dakota, and Chaplain, 1885-86 ;
Group of National Officers, 1888.
Ad:.iinistration of John P. Rea. 377
Commander of Post No. 74, 1888, and Chaplain of the Depart-
ment.
Major Eugene F. Weigel, Adjutant-General, was born in Illi-
nois, June 15, 1845.
In 1851, the family moved to St. Louis. He enlisted in August,
1861, when a little more than sixteen years old, as a Private in the
3d Regiment, IT. S. Reserve Corps, afterwards changed to 4th
Missouri Volunteer Infantry. After a year's service in South-
west Missouri, he was discharged to accept promotion as First
Lieutenant and Adjutant, 82d Illinois Volunteer Infantry, and
participated as such in the battles of Chancellorsville, Gettys-
burg, Wauhatchie and Chattanooga. Was then promoted Captain
of Company F, and so served during the campaign to Atlanta.
On the march to the sea he served as Aid on the staff of
Major-General A. S. Williams, commanding 20th Army Corps.
Was brevetted Major, United States Volunteers, for gallant ser-
vices on the campaign through Georgia, etc., and was mustered-
out June, 1865, then being just twenty years of age.
He joined Post No. 1, St. Louis, on its organization, in 1883,
and served as Post Commander in 1885, Member of the National
Council of Administration, 1887, and Chairman of Committee on
Decorations for St. Louis Encampment.
John Taylor, Quartermaster-General, re-appointed, 7th term.
(See Chapter XXL)
Geo. S. Evans, Inspector-General, was born in Cardigan,
Wales, September, 1841. He enlisted in September, 1863, in the
56th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, and was mustered-out as
Sergeant at the close of the war. He participated in all the bat-
tles of his regiment in the Army of the Potomac, from the W^il-
derness to Appomattox. Early in 1868 he joined Post 30 at Cam-
bridge, Massachusetts, and has held a number of offices in that
Post, being Post Commander, 1872 ; Member of Department
Council of Administration, 1874-75 ; Senior Vice-Department
Commander, 1876 ; and Department Commander, 1883 ; member
of the National Council of Administration, 1879-80 ; and was
Senior Aid-de-Camp on the Staff of Commander-in-Chief Wag-
ner. Comrade Evans was one of the founders of the Soldiers'
Home in Massachusetts, and is now Secretary of the Board of
Trustees.
378 Grand Army of the Republic.
Captain J. B. Johnson, Judge-Advocate-Generalj was born at
Fiatt, Fulton Co., Illinois, January 21, 1844. All his boyhood
was spent on a farm. In September, 1861, then being seventeen
years old, he enlisted in the 55th Illinois Infantry as a private,
and served with the regiment in the capture of Forts Henry and
Donaldson. For conspicuous gallantry on the first day's fight at
Shiloh, he was promoted to be Second Lieutenant, and was
slightly wounded on the second day, but remained in command of
his company, the First Lieutenant and Captain having both been
wounded.
After the capture of Memphis he was compelled to resign on
account of failing health ; and though not fully recovered, in the
summer of 1864 he raised a company in his native county for the
lo7th Illinois Infantry, and served with it to the close of the
war.
He then located in Kansas, and is now practicing as a lawyer
in Topeka.
He has been for a number of years a member of Lincoln Post
No. 1, at Topeka, and served one term as Senior Vice-Com-
mander.
THE DKPARTIVIKNTS
GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC.
CHAPTER XXVII.
THE EASTERN STATES
INCLUDING
MAINE, NEW HAMPSHIRE, VERMONT, MASSACHUSETTS, RHODE
ISLAND AND CONNECTICUT.
DEPARTMENT OF MAINE.
A convention of Soldiers and Sailors of Sagadahoc county was
held at Bath, May 31, 1867, for the purpose of organizing an as-
sociation " whereby the true interests of the soldier may be pro-
moted by united effort in that direction," General T. W. Hyde,
President, Major H. A. Shorey, Secretary.
General Wm. A. Schmidt, of Quincy, Illinois, then on a visit
to friends in Bowdoinham, was present at the meeting, and ex-
plained the objects of the Grand Army of the Republic. He after-
wards exemplified the secret work of the Order, to all present who
desired to join. He accompanied these comrades to a Soldiers and
Sailors Convention in Portland, in June, 1867, where he interested
a number of the leading veterans of the State, in the Order,
among them. General Geo. L. Beal, General John C. Caldwell,
General Chas. P. Mattocks, Colonel Frank Miller, Colonel Edward
Moore, General James A. Hall and Colonel F. M. Drew. They
were also instructed in the " work " by General Schmidt.
The first Post was organized at Bath, under charter from Na-
tional Headquarters, Grand Army of the Republic, June 28, 1867,
and was mustered by General Schmidt. The following were in-
stalled as officers :
Commander, T. W. Hyde ; Senior Vice-Commander, Z. H.
[379]
380 Grand Army of the Hepublic.
Robiusou ; Junior Yice-Commander, J. S. Wiggau ; Adjutant,
H. A. Sborey ; Quartermaster, Jno. O. Shaw ; Surgeqn, Dr. E. P.
Roche ; Chaplain, Rev. J. E. C. Sawyer.
Major Shorey was appointed Aid-de-Camp to the Commander-
in-Chief, and on September 17, mustered Post No. 2, at Portland,
which has steadily maintained its organization, and, as " Bosworth
Post," is noted as one of the leading Posts in the Order.
He also mustered other Posts, none of which, however, lived ex-
cept that at Gardiner.
In December, 1867, Brevet Major-General John C. Caldwell, of
Augusta, formerly Colonel 11th Maine Volunteers, was appointed
Provisional Commander of the Department, and General Chas. P.
Mattocks, Assistant Adjutant-General. A Convention to form the
Permanent Department met in Portland, January 10, 1868, with
fourteen Posts represented. General George L. Beal, Post 7, Nor-
way, was elected Grand Commander, and, on February 10, issued
a circular calling attention to the " fraternal combination of the re-'
turned soldiers and sailors of the late war for the Union, knoAvn
as the Grand Army of the Republic. Let the memories of the de-
votion of the past, with its sufferings and achievements, and the
affinities that have therefrom resulted, become strengthened by
external union and frequent social intercourse and mutual counsel,
till the march of life is ended, and the City of God, the final
camp, is reached."
Annual meetings of the Department have been held as follows:
I. January 10, 1868, Portland ; II. January 21, 1869, Augusta ;
III. January 24, 1870, Portland ; IV. January 31, 1871, Lewiston ;
V. January, 1872, Biddeford ; VI. January 29, 1873, Bangor ; VII.
January 29, 187-4, Augusta ; VIII. January 28, 1875, Skowhegan ;
IX. January 21, 1876, Auburn ; X. January 23, 1877, Gardiner ;
XL January 23, 1878, Biddeford ; XII. January 23, 1879, Bangor ;
XIIL January 29, 1880, Lewiston ; XIV. February 22, 1881, Rock-
land ; XV. February 8, 1882, Gardiner ; XVL February 6, 1883,
Auburn ; XVII. February 20, 1884, Waterville ; XVIII. February
18, 1885, Thomaston ; XIX. February 10, 1886, Skowhegan ; XX.
January 25, 1887, Bath ; XXI. February 9, 1888, Portland.
Semi-annual meetings and reunions : —
July 16, 1868, Bangor, when 38 Posts were reported with over
2,000 members ; July 28, 1869, Bath ; July 11, 1870, Gardiner ;
Department of Maine. 381
August 20, 1872, Portland ; September 10, 1880, Portland ; August
9, 1882, Lake Maranacook, where Commander-in-Chief Van Der
Yoort was received and entertained by the Department ; August 7,
1884, Old Orchard Beach ; June 22-29, 1885, at Portland, in con-
nection with the National Encampment ; September 9, 1886, Lake
Maranacook ; September 12, 1887, Lewiston.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
Provisional. John C. Caldwell, Augusta.
Permanent Department. 1868-69, Geo. L. Beal, Post 7, Nor-
way ; 1870-71, Chas. P. Mattocks, Post 2, Portland ; 1872-73,
Daniel White, Post 12, Bangor ; 1874-75, Selden Connor, Post 13,
Augusta (see Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Chapter XXIY) ;
1876, Nelson Howard, Post 9, Lewiston ; 1877, Geo. F. Shepley,
Post 2, Portland, was elected, but declined to serve on account of
inability to devote the necessary time to the position ; John D.
Myrick, Post 13, Augusta, was then elected ; he died December
27, 1882, aged 47 years; 1878, Augustus C. Hamlin, Post 12,
Bangor (see Surgeon-General, Chapter XIX) ; 1879, Winsor B.
Smith, Post 2, Portland ; Comrade Smith died suddenly during
the Session of the National Encamj)ment in Portland, June, 1885 ;
1880, I. S. Bangs, Post 14, Waterville (see Junior Vice-Com-
mauder-in-Chief, Chapter XXI) ; 1881, W. G. Haskell, Post 7,
Lewiston ; 1882, Augustus B. Farnham, Post 12, Bangor ; 1883,
Elijah M. Shaw, Post 10, Lisbon ; 1884, Benj. Williams, Post 16,
Rockland ; 1885, James A. Hall, Post 59, Damariscotta ; 1886,
Samuel W. Lane, Post 13, Augusta ; 1887, Richard K. Gatley,
Post 2, Portland ; 1888, Horace H. Burbank, Post 36, Saco.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1868, Thos. W. Hyde, Post 1, Bath ; 1869, *Daniel White, Post
12, Bangor ; 1870, Chas. W. Tilden, Post 13, Castine ; 1871-72,
Geo. A. Parker, Post 9, Lewiston ; 1873, Geo. H. Abbott, Post
2, Portland ; 1874-75, Isaac Dyer, Post 24, Skowhegan ; 1876, J.
M. Andrews, Post 28, Biddeford ; 1877, J. T. Richards, Post 6,
Gardiner ; 1878, J. W. Crocker, Post 16, Rockland ; 1879, Geo. S.
Fuller, Post 20, Hallowell ; 1880, P. Hayes, Post 48, Togus ; 1881,
* To Department Commander.
382 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
J. H. Raymond, Post 4, Batli ; 1882, ^\m. F. Bradbury, Post 28,
Biddeford ; 1883, *Ricliard K. Gatley, Post 2, Portland ; 1884,
Hamlin T. Bucknam, Post 3, Mechanic's Falls ; 1885, C. E. Moul-
ton, Post 47, Auburn ; 1886, Juo. F. Lamb, Post 38, Livermore
Falls ; 1887, S. L. Miller, Post 135, Waldoboro ; 1888, Albert J.
Crockett, Post 16, Rockland.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1868, A. B. Farnham, Post 12, Bangor ; 1869, J. S. P. Ham,
Post 9, Lewiston ; 1870, fGeo. A. Parker, Post 9, Lewiston ; 1871,
Almon C. Pray, Post 44, Auburn ; 1872, fGeo. H. Abbott, Post 2,
Portland ; 1873, A. A. Miller, Post 44, Auburn ; 1874, Will A.
Woods, Post 28, Biddeford ; 1875, fJ. T. Richards, Post 6, Gardi-
ner ; 1876, F. E. Heath, Post 14, Waterville ; 1877, J. P. Cilley,
Post 16, Rockland ; 1878, H. H. Burbank, Post 36, Saco ; 1879, J.
D. Maxfield, Post 8, Dexter ; 1880, M. J. Desmond, Post 12, Ban-
gor ; 1881, A. B. Adams, Post 18, Wilton ; 1882, J. L. Pierce, Post
15, Machias ; 1883, David P. Field, Post 7, Lewiston ; 1884, Henry
O. Perry, Post 61, Fort Fairfield ; 1885, J. O. Johnson, Post 44,
Liberty ; 1886, Jas. S. Cleveland, Post 63, Camden ; 1887, M. S.
Smith, Post 55, Ellsworth; 1888, Frank W. Haskell, Post 14,
Waterville.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1869, Geo. E. Brickett, Post 20, Augusta ; 1870-71, Samuel B.
Morrison, Post 12, Bangor ; 1872, L H. Stearns, Post 48, Togus ;
1873, *A. C. Hamlin, Post 12, Bangor ; 1874, N. A. Hersom, Post 2,
Portland ; 1875-76, W. B. Lapham, Post 13, Augusta ; 1877, Att-
wood Crosby, Post 14, Waterville ; 1878, L W. Starbird, Post 2,
Portland ; 1879-80, Attwood Crosby, Post 14, Waterville ; 1881,
B. Williams, 2d, Post 16, Rockland ; 1882, E. A. Thompson, Post
23, Dover and Foxcroft ; 1883, AVilliam S. Howe, Post 11, Pitts-
field ; 1884, Alonzo B. Adams, Post 18, Wilton ; 1885, Seth C. Gor-
don, Post 2, Portland ; 1886, William S. Howe, Post 7, Lewiston ;
1887, H. C. Levensaler, Post 39, Thomaston ; 1888, David E. Par-
sons, Post 97, Oakland.
CHAPLAINS.
1869, Uriah Balkham, Post 9, Lewiston ; 1870, N. W. Taylor
Root, Post 2, Portland ; 1871-72, E. M. Haynes, Post 9, Lewis-
* To Department Commander. f To Senior Vice-Department-Commander.
Department of Maine. 383
ton ; 1873-74, Zenas Thompson, Post 3, Mechanic's Falls ; 1875,
G. W. Bicknell, Post 2, Portland ; 1876, E. M. Preble, Post 12,
Bangor ; 1877, W. C. Barrows, Post 28, Biddeford ; 1878-85, R.
L. Howard, Post 12, Bangor ; 1886-88, Q. H. Shinn, Post 2, Port-
land.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1867-69, *Charles P. Mattocks, Post 2, Portland ; 1870-71, H.
C. Houston, Post 2, Portland ; 1872-73, E. E. Small, Post 12,
Bangor ; 1874-75, S. J. Gallagher, Post 13, Augusta ; 1876, K M.
Mason, Post 44, Auburn ; 1877, S. J. Gallagher ; 1878, E. E.
Small, Post 12, Bangor ; 1879-80, A. M. Sawyer, Post % Portland ;
1881, D. Horace Holman, Post 7, Lewiston ; 1882, John F. Foster,
Post 12, Bangor ; 1883-84, D. Horace Holman ; resigned August
18, 1884 ; succeeded by A. J. Crockett, Post 16, Rockland ; 1885-
1886, L. B. Hill, Post 13, Augusta ; 1887-88, Edwin C. Milliken,
Post 2, Portland.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1868-69, H. A. Shorey, Post 1, Bath ; 1870-71, John Teaton,
Jr., Post 2, Portland; 1872-73, J. A. Dole, Post 12, Bangor;
1874-75, Lorenzo B. Hill, Post 13, Augusta ; 1876, N. R. Lougee,
Post 9, Lewiston; 1877, L. B. Hill, Post 13, Augusta; 1878,
John F. Foster, Post 12, Bangor ; 1879-81, Geo. H. Abbott, Post
2, Portland; 1882, Edward Jordan, Post 12, Bangor; 1883-88,
Benj. F. Beals, Post 47, Auburn.
INSPECTORS.
1869, B. H. Beale, Post 12, Bangor (see Judge-Advocate);
1870-71, E. P. Hill, Post 25, Bucksport ; 1872-74, W. H. Pennell,
Post 2, Portland; 1875, Will A. Woods, Post 28, Biddeford;
1876-77, E. M. Shaw, Post 10, Lisbon ; 1878, L S. Bangs, Post 14,
Waterville ; 1879, O. R. Small, Post 10, Lisbon ; 1880, F. W. Has-
kell, Post 14, Waterville ; 1881, Seth O. Rogers, Post 4, Bath ;
1882, *E. M. Shaw ; 1883, Harrison A. Tripp, Post 46, Blue Hill ;
1884, Jno. F. Foster, Post 12, Bangor ; succeeded, January 3, 1885,
by A. A. Nickerson, Post 90, Fairfield ; 1887, E. P. Hill, Post 43,
Bucksport ; resigned, November 19 ; succeeded by Henry E. Sel-
lers, Post 12, Bangor ; 1888, Henry E. Sellers.
* To Department Commander.
38-4 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
judge- advocates.
1870-71, *B. H. Beale, Post 12, Bangor, died February 4, 1871;
1871-73, John F. Godfrey, Post 12, Bangor ; 1874-75, F. M. Drew,
Post 13, Augusta ; 1876-78, John O. Winsliip, Post 2, Portland ;
1879, Benj. Williams, 2d, Post 16, Kockland ; 1880-81, H. F.
Blanchard, Post 13, Augusta ; 1882, J. W. Spaulding, Post 43,
Eichmond; 1883, Jos. B. Peakes, Post 23, Foxcroft ; 1884-85,
Horace H. Burbank, Post 36, Saco (to Department Commander,
1888) ; 1886, W. H. Fogler, Post 42, Belfast ; 1887, Franklin M.
Drew, Post 7, Lewiston ; 1888, John D. Anderson, Post 78, Gray.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1875, E. M. Le Prohon, Post 2, Portland ; 1876-77, Cyrus P.
Berry, Post 28, Biddeford ; 1878-79, L. AV. Atkins, Post 12, Ban-
gor ; 1880, J. F. Foster, Post 12, Bangor ; 1881, Albion Whitten,
Post 11, Pittsfield ; 1882, Eoscoe G. Rollins, Post 12, Bangor ;
1883, Isaiah S. Coombs, Post 4, Bath ; 1884, Geo. N. Jenkins,
Post 48, Togus ; resigned, November, 1884 ; succeeded by B. P.
Brackley, Post 16, Eockland ; 1885, D. Horace Holman, Post 7,
Lewiston ; 1886, Geo. M. Brown, Post 12, Bangor ; 1887, L. D.
Carver, Post 16, Rockland ; 1888, Robt. F. Campbell, Post 50,
Cherryfield.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1868— M. F. Wentworth, Post 14, Kittery ; Gustavus Moore,
Post 6, Gardiner ; Isaac S. Faunce, Post 9, Lewiston ; E. F. San-
ger, Post 12, Bangor ; J. C. Caldwell, Post 20, Augusta.
1869— Edward Moore, Post 2, Portland ; O. R. Small, Post 10,
Lisbon ; I. F. Quimby, Westbrook ; Chas. W. Tilden, Post 13,
Castine ; E. D. Haley, Post 6, Gardiner.
1870— M. F. Wentworth, Post 14, Kittery ; Geo. Prince, Post
1, Bath ; I. S. Faunce, Post 9 , Lewiston ; E. E. Small, Post 12,
Bangor ; A. C. Hibbard, Post 25, Biicksport.
1871— G. O. Bailey, Post 6, Gardiner ; Wm. Parshley, Post 1,
Bath ; F. C. Drew, Post 28, Biddeford ; Nelson Howard, Post 9,
Lewiston ; J. A. Dole, Post 12, Bangor.
1872— F. C. Drew, re-elected ; C. L. Hayes, Post 14, Kittery ;
* Deceased.
Depabtment of Maine. 385
Winsor B. Smith, Post 2, Portland; E. 11. Sliaw, Post 10,
Lisbon.
1873 — Winsor B. Smith, re-elected ; N. K. Lougee, Post 9,
Lewiston ; J. T. Hnghes, Post 11, East Machias ; C. P. Berry,
Post 28, Biddeford ; Hermon Bartlett, Post 12, Bangor.
1871-75— Hermou Bartlett, re-elected ; W. H. Green, Post 2,
Portland ; Geo. H. Hatch, Post 1, Pembroke ; Geo. A. Parker,
Post 9, Lewiston ; P. H. Cummings, Post 6, Gardiner.
1876— Davis Tillson, Post 16, Eockland ; Jos. Littlefield, Post
44, Auburn ; S. S. Vose, Post 24, Skowhegan ; M. J. Desmond,
Post 12, Bangor ; H. L. Wood, Post 8, Dexter.
1877 — H. L. Wood, re-elected ; Nelson Howard, Post 9, Lewis-
ton ; E. E. Small, Post 12, Bangor ; E. M. Stevens, Post 28, Bid-
deford ; S. J. Gallagher, Post 13, Augusta.
1878— E. H. Hanson, Post 2, Portland ; C. O. Wadsworth, Post
6, Gardiner ; A. S. Perham, Post 7, Lewiston ; I. S. Bangs, Post
14, Waterville ; J. D. Maxfield, Post 8, Dexter.
1879— Chas. O. Wadsworth, A. S. Perham, re-elected ; H. F.
Blanchard, Post 13, Augusta ; E. L Merrill, Post 25, Farmington ;
C. A. L. Sampson, Post 4, Bath.
1880— C. O. Wadsworth, H. F. Blanchard, A. S. Perham, E. L
Merrill, re-elected ; R. K. Gatley, Post 2, Portland.
1881— C. O. Wadsworth, R. K. Gatley, re-elected; Levi C.
Flint, Post 5, Monson ; J. L. Pierce, Post 15, Machias ; W. Z.
Clayton, Post 12, Bangor.
1882, J. A. Sears, Post 34, Calais ; F. M. Drew, Post 7, Lewis-
ton ; R. Y. Crockett, Post 4, Bath ; C. M. Lang, Post 2, Portland ;
Frank Adams, Post 22, Brunswick.
1883— William Wiley, Post 6, Gardiner ; W. K. Ripley, Post
22, Brunswick ; E. H. Bryant, Post 15, Machias ; E. B. Lovejoy,
Post 17, North Turner ; Albion Whitten, Post 11, Pittsfield.
1884— Geo. M. Seiders, Post 2, Portland ; J. F. Lamb, Post 38,
Livermore Falls ; W. T. Eustis, Post 47, Auburn ; Geo. M.
Fletcher, Post 12, Bangor ; Eugene E. Preble, Post 4, Bath.
1885— Geo. M. Seiders, Geo. M. Fletcher, Wm. T. Eustis, John
F. Lamb, re-elected ; H. O. Perry, Post 61, Fort Fairfield.
1880— Henry O. Perry, Geo. M. Fletcher, re-elected ; Chas. E.
25
386 Grand Army of the Republic.
'V\'ing, Post 21, Wiutliroj^ ; J. W. Black, Post 30, Searsport ; Jere.
S. Douglass, Post 2, Portland.
1887— Chas. E. Wing, Joshua \V. Black, re-elected ; C. W.
Hadlock, Post 111, Portland ; Geo. A. Wilson, Post 54, Norway ;
Wainwriglit Cusliing, Post 23, Foxcroft.
1888— Chas. W. Hadlock, Geo. A. Wilson, Wainwright Gush-
ing, re-elected ; Isaac Dyer, Post 96, Skowhegan ; Chas. E. Nash,
Post 13, Augusta.
As in nearly all of the older Departments, a number of the
Posts organized in Maine in 1867-69 soon went out of existence,
but the Department has been generally well maintained. In 1873
Department Commander Daniel White strongly urged Posts to
collect and properly preserve biographical sketches of all de-
ceased members. A very full report has been made each year by
Committee on Necrology of members dying during the year, giv-
ing their military service, etc.
In 1877 the proceedings of the Department were briefly com-
piled up to that date by Comrade W. B. Lapham, Post 13, Au-
gusta, and for the period for 1877 to 1883, by D. Horace Holman,
Post 7, Lewiston.
The Journal of Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual En-
campment 1886, contains a full report of the meeting of the
National Encampment in Portland in 1885, with the attendant
parade, receptions, formation of the camp, etc. It is embellished
with steel plate portraits of Generals Grant, McClellan and Han-
cock, and of Department Commander Winsor B. Smith, whose
death during the Encampment has been previously noted. The
Journal for 1887 contains a steel portrait of General Logan.
State Legislation.
soldiers and sailors orphans* home.
In 1866 the Bath Military and Naval Orphans' Asylum was es-
tablished by the State —
For the purposes of rearing and educating, gratuitously, in the common branches
of learning and ordinary industrial pursuits, the orphans and halF-orplians of officers,
soldiers, seamen and marines who have entered the military or naval service of the
United States government, on the quota of Maine, during the war for the suppression
of the rebellion, and have died subsequently, or who, from age, poverty or disease,
are unable to rear, maintain and educate any of such children.
Department of Maine. 387
About 1,500 children have been thus cared for. The number of
children remaining, December 31, 1887, was 80. Average cost per
capita, $126.61. The State appropriated $7,500 for the year 1887,
and the same amount for 1888.
The invested funds of the institution yield about $700 addi-
tional, and contributions have been made from time to time by
Posts and individuals.
A Branch of the National Military Homes is established at
Togus.
STATE AID.
The State appropriates each year the sum of $35,000 for pen-
sions to disabled and indigent soldiers and sailors, or widows and
orphans. The amount paid in each case varies from $2 to $8 per
month, as may be approved by the Selectmen of towns or Alder-
men of cities.
BURIAL EXPENSES.
By Act of the Legislature' —
Whenever any person who served in the army, navy or marine corps of the
United States during tlie rebellion, and was honorably discharged therefrom, shall
die, being at the time of his death a resident of this State, and being in destitute
circumstances, the State shall pay the necessary expenses of his burial; such expenses
shall not exceed the sum of thirty-five dollars in any case, and the burial shall be in
some cemetery not used exclusively for the burial of the pauper dead.
It is provided that the municipal officers of cities or towns shall
pay the expenses of such burial, and the sum will be refunded by
the State. A certificate is required from a Post Commander of
the Grand Army of the Republic that such deceased person was
an honorably discharged soldier or sailor, and in destitute cir-
cumstances.
GRAND ARMY BADGE.
By Act approved February 15, 1887 —
Any person who shall wilfully wear the badge of the Grand Army of the Repub-
lic, or who shall use or wear the same to obtain aid or assistance thereby within this
State, unless he shall be entitled to use or wear the same under the rules and regula-
tions of the Department of Maine, Grand Army of the Republic, shall be guilty of
misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be punished by imprisonment for a term not
to exceed thirty days in the county jail, or a fine not to exceed twenty dollars, or by
both such fine and imprisonment.
388 Grand Army of the Kepublic
MEMORIAL DAY.
In 1874 the Department secured the passage of an Act making
Memorial Day a legal holiday, and in 1887 the Legislature au-
thorized towns and cities of the State to appropriate money for
defraying expenses of the observance of that day.
DEPARTMENT OF NEW HAMPSHIRE.
Post No. 1 was organized at Portsmouth, New Hampshire, No-
vember 6, 1867, under a charter issued by Major A. S. Cushman,
Grand Commander, Department of Massachusetts. The charter
members were M. T. Betton, Geo. E. Sides, Reuben Kimball, E.
A. Tilton, D. J. Vaughn, C. L. Tidd, E. E. Goodwin, C. D. Hands-
com, J. S. McDonald and W. J. Morrison.
M. T. Betton was elected Commander, E. A. Tilton, Adjutant,
Reuben Kimball, Quartermaster.
Later Colonel Betton was appointed Provisional Commander.
The Permanent Department was organized at Portsmouth, April
30, 1868, the folloAving Posts having been previously organized :
Post 1, Portsmouth ; Post 2, Concord ; Post 3, Manchester ; Post
4, Keene ; Post 5, Hopkinton ; Post 6, Peterborough ; Post 7,
Nashua ; Post 8, Great Falls ; Post 9, Francistown ; Post 10,
Newport ; Post 11, Milford ; Post 12, Claremont. CajDtain AY. R.
Patten was elected Grand Commander. Meetings of the Depart-
ment have been held as follows :
ANNUAL ENCAMPMENTS.
I. April 30, 1868, Portsmouth ; II. January 19, 1869, Manches-
ter; III. January 24, 1870, Manchester; IV. January 17,1871,
Concord ; V. January 25, 1872, Manchester ; VI. January 31, 1873,
Manchester ; VII. January 22, 1874, Manchester ; VIII. January
21, 1875, Manchester ; IX. January 19, 1876, Nashua ; X. Janu-
ary 25, 1877, Great Falls; XL January 24, 1878, Manchester;
XII. January 27, 1879, Concord; XIII. February 17, 1880,
Nashua ; XIV. February 24, 1881, Plymouth ; XV. February 7,
1882, Portsmouth ; XVI. February 1, 1883, Lake Village ; XVII.
February 6, 1884, Concord ; XVIII. February 11, 1885, Manches-
ter; XIX. February 17, 1886, Dover; XX. February 1, 1887,
Manchester ; XXL February 2, 1888, Concord.
Department of New Hampshire. 389
department commanders.
1868, ^William K. Patten, Post 3, Manchester ; 1869, Daniel J.
Vaughn, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1870, James E. Larkin, Post 2,
Concord ; 1871, Augustus H. Bixby, Post 9, Francestown ; 1872,
Wm. H. Trickey, Post 17, Dover ; 1873-74, Timothy W. Challis,
Post 3, Manchester ; 1875, Alvin S. Eaton, Post 7, Nashua ; 1876-
78, Chas. J. Richards, Post 8, Great Falls ; 1879-80, *George
Bowers, Post 7, Nashua (see Junior Yice-Commander-in-Chief,
Chap. XIX) ; 1881-82, Martin A. Haynes, Post 36, Lake Village ;
1883-84, John C. Linehan, Post 31, Penacook (see Junior Vice-
Commander-in-Chief, Chap. XXVI); 1885, Marcus M. Collis,
Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1886, George Farr, Post 48, Littleton ; 1887,
Otis C. Wyatt, Post 62, Tilton ; 1888, A. B. Thompson, Post 2,
Concord.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1868, tDaniel J. Vaughn ; 1869, fJames E. Larkin ; 1870, fAu-
gustus H. Bixby ; 1871, Charles H. Long, Post 12, Claremont ;
1872, tTimothy W. Challis; 1873, J. Albert Sanborn, Post 1, Ports-
mouth ; 1874, tAlvin S. Eaton ; 1875, J. E. S. Pray, Post 26, Ex-
eter ; 1876, Stephen A. Oliver, Post 29, Pittsfield ; 1877, Samuel
S, Piper, Post 3, Manchester ; 1878, Stephen A. Oliver, Post 29,
Pittsfield ; 1879-80, fMartin A. Haynes ; 1881, Daniel M. White,
Post 6, Peterborough ; 1882-83, Sewell D. Tilton, Post 51, Fre-
mont ; 1884, tMarcus M. Collis ; 1885, fGeorge Farr ; 1886, fOtis
C. Wyatt; 1887, tA. B. Thompson; 1888, Fred. H. Foss, Post 17,
Dover.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1868, William Pitt Moses, Post 8, Great Falls ; 1869, J. W.
Babbitt, Post 4, Keene ; 1870, |Charles H. Long ; 1871, William
Pitt Moses, Post 8, Great Falls ; 1872, pJ. A. Sanborn ; 1873, John
B. Cooper, Post 10, Newport; 1874, Charles Scott, Post 6, Peter-
borough ; 1875, tChas. J. Richards ; 1876-78, Ross C. Duffy, Post
7, Nashua ; 1879-80, ^Daniel M. White ; 1881, Thomas S. Ellis,
Post 16, Lancaster ; 1882-83, Hiram G. Sherman, Post 12, Clare-
mont ; 1884, tGeorge Farr ; 1885, tOtis C. Wyatt ; 1886, John W.
* Deceased.
f To Department Commander. X To Senior Vice-Department Commander.
390 Grand Army of the Republic.
Hears, Post 3, Manchester ; 1887, *Fred. H. Foss ; 1888, James F.
Grimes, Post 25, Hillsboro' Bridge.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1868, Thomas Sanboru ; 1869, S. C. Whittier, Post 1, Ports-
mouth ; 1870, Sherman Cooper, Post 12, Chiremont ; 1871, Wil-
liam Childs, Post 28, Bath ; 1872, Carl H. Horsch, Post 17, Dover ;
1873, AY. W. Brown, Post 3, Manchester ; 1874-76, Geo. P. Gree-
ley, Post 7, Nashua ; 1877, J. E. S. Pray, Post £6, Exeter ; 1878-79,
David B. Nelson, Post 37, Laconia ; 1880, Geo. F. Wilbur, Post 7,
Nashua ; 1881, f James G. Sturges, Post 3, Manchester ; 1882, R.
J. P. Goodman, Post 3, Manchester ; 1883, Samuel P. Carbee,
Post 42, Haverhill ; 1884-86, Josiah C. Eastman, Post 33, Hamp-
stead ; 1887-88, Hadley B. Fowler, Post 40, Bristol.
CHAPLAINS.
1868, J. F. Lovering, Post 2, Concord (to Chaplain-in-Chief,
Chapter XV) ; 1869, Reuben Dodge, Post 3, Manchester ; 1870,
William T. Chase, Post 17, Dover ; 1871, Edmund R. Sanborn,
Post 2, Concord ; 1872, Charles U. Bell, Post 26, Exeter ; 1873,
W. T. Chase, Post 17, Dover ; 1874-79, fPaul S. Adams, Post 10,
Newport ; 1880-82, Daniel C. Roberts, Post 2, Concord ; 1883, L.
F. McKinney, Post 3, Manchester ; 1884-86, E. R. Wilkins, Post
2, Concord ; 1887-88, James K. Ewer, Post 2, Concord.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1868, Samuel F. Murry, Post 3, Manchester ; 1869, J. Albert
Sanborn, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1870, Daniel E. Howard, Post 2,
Concord ; 1871, tTimotliy W. Challis, Post 3, Manchester ; 1872,
Geo. W. Colbath, Post 17, Dover ; 1873-74, Levi L. Aldrich, Post
3, Manchester ; 1875, Ross C. Duffy, Post 7, Nashua ; 1876, Kirke
AV. Moses, Post 8, Great Falls ; 1877, C. B. Jenness, Post 8, Great
Falls ; 1878, David R. Pierce, Post 8, Great Falls ; 1879-80, W.
H. D. Cochrane, Post 7, Nashua ; 1881-82, Natt Shackford,
Post 36, Lake Village ; 1883, Samuel N. Brown, Post 31, Pena-
cof)k ; 1884, Alfred E. Emery, Post 31, Penacook ; 1885, Geo. E.
Hodgdou, Post 1, Portsinoutli ; 1886, Horace .T. Kenney, Post 48,
Littleton ; 1887, AVilliam H. Tripp, Post 62, Tilton ; 1888, James
Miuot, Post 2, Concord.
* To Senior Vice-Department Commander.
f Deceased. X To Depiirtment Commander.
Depaetment of New Hampshire. 391
ASSISTANT QUAETERMASTEES-GENEK^Tj.
1868-69, Luther E. Wallace, Post 3, Manchester ; 1870, John
T. Batchelder, Post 2, Concord ; 1871, Nathan P. Kidder, Post 3,
Manchester ; 1872, John C. Pray, Post 17, Dover ; 1873-74, Benj.
L. Hartshorn, Post 3, Manchester ; 1875, J. A. Skinner, Post 7,
Nashua ; 1876-77, Cleveland B. Merrill, Post 8, Great Falls ; 1878,
Cyrus Freeman, Post 8, Great Falls ; 1879-80, K O. Greenleaf,
Post 7, Nashua ; 1881-82, Edwin A. Badger, Post 36, Lake Vil-
lage ; 1883-84, James H. French, Post 31, Penacook ; 1885, C. W.
Tracy, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1886, Thomas M. Fletcher, Post 48,
Littleton ; 1887, John Haslam, Post 62, Tilton ; 1888, Thomas M.
Lang, Post 2, Concord.
INSPECTOES.
1868, Augustus H. Bixby, Post 9, Francestown ; 1869, J. W.
Crosby, Post 11, Milford; 1870-71, *John M. Haines, Post 2, Con-
cord ; 1872-73, Alvin S. Eaton, Post 7, Nashua ; 1874, Ross C.
Duffy, Post 7, Nashua ; 1875, Levi L. Aldrich, Post 3, Manches-
ter ; 1878, Edward E. Parker, Post 7, Nashua ; 1877, *Leander S.
Coan, Post 17, Dover ; 1878, Daniel M. White, Post 6, Peterbor-
ough ; 1879-80, Rufus P. Staniels, Post 2, Concord; 1881-82,
Henry L. Wilkinson, Post 37, Laconia ; 1883-84, Chas. E. Buz-
zell. Post 36, Lake Village ; 1885, John W. Mears, Post 3, Man-
chester ; 1886, Freeman D. Batchelder, Post 2, Concord ; 1887,
James F. Grimes, Post 25, Hillsboro' Bridge ; 1888, Everett B.
Huse, Post 52, Enfield.
JUDGE- ADVOCATES.
1869, Henry B. Atherton, Post 7, Nashua ; 1870-71, Frank D.
Woodbury, Post 2, Concord ; 1872, Frank Hobbs, Post 17, Dover ;
1873-74, *Joseph B. Clarke, Post 3, Manchester; 1875, *Aaron F.
Stevens, Post 7, Nashua ; 1876, Frank Hobbs, Post 17, Dover ;
1877-78, E. E. Parker, Post 7, Nashua ; 1879-80, Thos. J. Whip-
ple, Post 37, Laconia ; 1881, Alvin Burleigh, Post 42, Plymouth ;
1882, Henry O. Kent, Post 16, Lancaster ; 1883, William H. Shurt-
lefif. Post 57, Colebrook ; 1884, *Joseph B. Clarke, Post 3, Man-
chester ; 1885-86, Albert S. Twitchell, Post 59, Gorham ; 1887,
Geo. E. Hodgdon, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1888, Henry B. Atherton,
Post 7, Nashua.
* Deceased.
392 Grand Army of the Republic.
chief mustering officers.
187-1, William H. Vickery, Post 3, Maucliester; 1876, Clarence L.
Cliapinau, Post 8, Great Falls ; 1877, *B. Frank Fogg, Post 3, Man-
chester ; 1878, *L. S. Coan, Post 49, Alton ; 1879-80, Augustns D.
Ayliug, Post 7, Nashua ; 1881-82, John C. Linehan, Post 31, Fish-
erville; 1883, Marcus M. Collis, Post 1, Portsmouth; 1884, Edward
L. Jones, Post 45, Derry; 1885, Liberty W. Foskett, Post 4, Keene;
1886, Fred. H. Foss, Post 17, Dover ; 1887, Frank E. Rollins, Post
26, Exeter ; 1888, Horace L. Worcester, Post 22, Rochester.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1868 — Jas. E. Larkins, Post 2, Concord ; H. B. Wheeler, Post
6, Peterboro'; Solon A. Carter, Post 4, Keene ; Hemy B. Ather-
ton. Post 7, Nashua ; Charles Scott, Post 6, Peterboro.
1869 — Charles Scott, re-elected ; Augustus H. Bixby, Post 9,
Francestown ; J. B. Cooper, Post 10, Newport ; Timothy W. Chal-
lis. Post 3, Manchester ; J. B. Parsons, Post 1, Portsmouth.
1870_Timothy W. Challis, re-elected ; Solon A. Carter, Post
4, Keene ; ^\. P. Flynn, Post 13, Lebanon ; E. A. Leslie, Post 1,
Portsmouth; Wm. H. Trickey, Post 17,. Dover.
1871 — Daniel J. Vaughn, Postl, Portsmouth; *JohnM. Hainas,
Post 2, Concord ; Samuel F. Murry, Post 3, Manchester ; Rich-
ard O. Greenleaf, Post 7, Nashua ; E. M. Kempton, Post 10, New-
port.
1872 — Daniel J. Vaughn, R. O. Greenleaf, re-elected ; Wm. P.
Moses, Post 8, Great Falls ; E. H. Smith, Post 6, Peterboro' ; N.
P. Kidder, Post 3, Manchester.
1873— D. J. Vaughn, Wm. P. Moses, re-elected ; J. E. S. Pray,
Post 26, Exeter ; O. B. Warren, Post 22, Rochester ; Alviu S.
Eaton, Post 7, Nashua,
187.— D. J. Vaughn, Wm. P. Moses, J. E. S. Pray, O. B. War-
ren, re-elected ; Reul)en Dodge, Post 3, Manchester.
1875— Wm. P. Moses, re-elected ; Timothy W. Challis, Post 3,
Manchester ; Frank E. Rollins, Post 26, Exeter ; Samuel S. Piper,
Post 3, Manchester ; Ross C. Duffy, Post 7, Nashua.
1876— Edgar L. Carr, Post 29, Pittsfield ; Geo. AY. Corey, Post
* Deceased.
Department of New Hampshire. 393
31, Fisherville ; Chas. H. Holt, Post 15, Lyndeborougli ; Wm. S.
Roach, Post 18, New Market; Samuel Cooper, Post 3, Man-
chester.
1877 — W. H. D. Cochrane, Post 7, Nashua; Patrick Sullivan,
Post 3, Manchester ; Chas. Scott, Post 6, Peterboro' ; Andrew
"White, Post 26, Exeter; Joseph M. Clough, Post 85, NeAV London.
1878-79— A. B. Thompson, Post 2, Concord ; Natt Shackford,
Post 36, Lake Tillage ; Samuel Cooper, Post 3, Manchester ;
Alouzo A. Hutchinson, Post 11, Milford ; Isaac K. Merrill, Post
17, Dover.
1880 — John W. Babbitt, Post 4, Keene ; Samuel N. Brown,
Post 31, Fisherville; Isaac W. Hammond, Post 2, Concord; David
R. Pierce, Post 8, Great Palls ; *Samuel M. S. Moulton, Post 37,
Laconia.
1881 — Isaac W. Hammond, re-elected ; Wm. H. "Weston, Post
23, Lisbon ; David A. Paige, Post 3, Manchester ; Charles W. Ste-
vens, Post 7, Nashua ; Thomas Cogswell, Post 37, Laconia.
1882 — Albert S. Twitchell, Post 59, Gorman ; James H. French,
Post 31, Fisherville ; Adolph Nelson, Post 1, Portsmouth ; Chas.
B. Nichols, Post 38, Franklin ; Augustus P. Home, Post 21,
Salmon Falls.
1883— W. W. H. Greenwood, Post 6, Peterboro' ; Martin B.
Plummer, Post 37, Laconia ; William H. Emery, Post 3, Man-
chester ; W. H. Lovell, Post 1, Portsmouth ; Eben West, Post 50,
Haverhill.
1881:— Otis C. Wyatt, Post 62, Tilton ; Alvin S. Eaton, Post 7,
Nashua ; E. B. Huse, Post 52, Enfield ; Harry Clifton, Post 3,
Manchester ; James G. Stone, Post 41, North Londonderry.
1885 — Harry Clifton, re-elected ; James F. Grimes, Post 25,
Hillsboro' ; Henry F. Brown, Post 31, Penacook ; Oliver M.
Knight, Post 1, Portsmouth ; Almon J. Farrar, Post 37, Laconia.
1886— Frank K. Hobbs, Post 73, Ossipee ; Chas. H. Reed, Post
3, Manchester ; David E. Burbank, Post 56, Hanover ; James
Donnelly, Post 4, Keene ; Isaiah A. Dustin, Post 45, Derry.
1887— Allen P. Messer, Post 12, Claremont ; Minor G. Fry,
Post 41, Londonderry ; Reuben T. Leavitt, Post 29, Pittsfield ;
Warren Noyes, Post 59, Gorham ; John Kenney, Post 27, Green-
wich.
* Deceased.
394 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
1888— M. S. Brown, Post 42, Plymouth ; A. J. Sanborn, Post
3, Manchester ; L. Severance, Post 13, Lebanon ; D. H. Eeed, Post
72, Fitzwilliam ; J. B. Sanborn, Post 51, Fremont,
THE weirs' encampment.
All the veteran regiments and batteries that served during the
rebellion from New Hampshire, maintain voluntary associations
and hold an annual reunion on the Camp-grounds at Weirs, on
the banks of Lake Winnepisaukee.
An association of naval veterans and one of soldiers now resi-
dents of New Hampshire, but who were in the service from other
States, have also been formed.
The Camp-grounds are most beautifully located and are of
easy access by lake or rail. The State has appropriated in all
about $20,000 for the erection of general Headquarters and bar-
racks, and in the introduction of water and other conveniences.
The different associations have, at their own expense, erected
comfortable headquarters, buildings for the reception of visitors
and the use of the members.
No charge is made to veterans for quarters in camp and
good meals are supplied, under contract, at low prices. The ex-
penses for the care and maintenance of the camp are met by
charges for restaurant privileges and by an allov/ance on tickets
by rail or steamers.
Each association is represented in the Executive Committee,
which, with the officers of the Camp annually elected, have gen-
eral charge of each reunion.
The meeting is held in the last full week of August. No
liquors are sold on the ground or in the vicinity of the camp.
In no other State have such facilities been afforded for the re-
union of soldiers and sailors, and the meetings increase in inter-
est each year.
MEMORIAL DAY.
In 1877, the Legislature passed an Act making May 30 — Me-
morial Day — a legal holiday.
STATE AID.
No Soldiers' Home is maintained in New Hampshire, but,
in some respects, a more desirable form of relief is granted,
Department of Vermont. 395
under an enactment that each county shall maintain in his own
home, or in some place other than a poor-house, each ex-soldier
or sailor who, having been a resident of the State for three
years, is unable to maintain himself or his family. Similar
relief is also accorded widows or orphans or other dependents of
Union veterans. About $30,000 is annually disbursed for this
purpose.
From 163 towns of the State reports were received of 67
veterans wholly dependent ; their average age was 61 years and 6
months ; 250 were partially dependent ; their average age was 52
years. Wives, widows and minor children of veterans, to the
number of 409, had received State aid.
Pensioners of the United States, rated at or above total for the
grade in which they served are exempt from the payment of poll-
tax.
GRAND ARMY BADGE.
Persons not duly authorized to wear the badge of the Grand
Army of the Republic are, by law, prohibited from wearing the
same, under penalty of $10 fine, or imprisonment not exceeding
twenty days.
DEPARTMENT OF VERMONT.
The first Post in Vermont — Wells Post No. 1 — was organized
at St. Johnsbury under a charter issued by Commander-in-Chief
John A. Logan, dated January 10th, 1868, with the following
charter members : Wm. G. Cummings, P. D. Blodgett, Horace K.
Ide, Frelan J. Babcock, Geo. P. Moore, L. B. Heald, E. F. Gris-
wold, A. K. Colburn, Wheaton Livingston and Chas. F. Spaulding.
In 1870 the Post was disbanded, and so remained until reorgan-
ized, January 8, 1880, as Chamberlain Post No. 1.
Post No. 2 was organized at Burlington, July 20, 1868, also
by charter from Headquarters Grand Army of the Republic,
dated April 27, 1868. Charter members : Geo. J. Stannard,
Geo. H. Bigelow, Theodore S. Peck, Romeo H. Start, John J.
Bain, Jr., Wm. W. Henry, A. H. Keith, C. S. Shattuck, Wm. D.
Munson, and Herman R. Wing. General Henry was elected Post
Commander. This Post has maintained its organization from
the first meeting.
890 Geand Army of the Kepublic.
Brevet Brigadier-General Geo. P. Foster, Colonel 4tli Vermont
Infantry, was appointed Provisional Commander, by GenerjLl
Orders, Headquarters Grand Army of the Republic, July 6, 1868.
A Convention to organize a permanent Department assembled in
Montpelier, October 23, when General Foster was elected Depart-
ment Commander.
Annual Meetings of tlie Department have been held as fol-
lows :
I. October 23, 1868, Montpelier ; II. January 29, 1869, Mont-
pelier ; III. January 26, 1870, Burlington ; IV. January 12, 1871,
Rutland ; V. January 12, 1872, Burlington ; VI. January 30, 1873,
St. Albans ; VII. January 21, 1874, Brattleboro ; VIII. January
26, 1875, Montpelier ; IX. January 27, 1876, Montpelier ; X. Janu-
ary 24, 1877, Burlington ; XI. January 30, 1878, Burlington ; XII.
January 21, 1879, Rutland ; XIII. February 19, 1880, Rutland ;
XIV. February 24, 1881, Brattleboro; XV. February 10, 1882,
Brattleboro; XVI. February 9, 1883, Bennington ; XVII. January
30, 1884, Bennington ; XVIII. February 4, 1885, Rutland ; XIX.
January 29, 1886, Burlington ; XX. January 20, 1887, St. Albans ;
XXI. January 31, 1888, St. Johnsbury.
SEMI-ANNUAL MEETINGS.
On August 6-8, 1873, a Semi-annual Encampment was held in
connection with a reunion of Veterans of the State, which was
organized by Department Commander Wheelock G. Veazey and
the Department officers. It was attended by over 2,500 veterans.
Commander-in-Chief Chas. Devens, Jr., Past Junior Vice-Com-
mander-in-Chief J. R. Hawley, General John C. Robinson, General
A. Doubleday, General S. G. Griffin, General Geo. J. Stannard and
Chaplain H. Clay Trumbull were present and made addresses.
This was the first general reunion in the State, and being under
the management of the Grand Army, it gave a decided impetus to
the Order in tliis Department. Semi-annual meetings have since
been held: August 18, 1882, Rutland; September 7, 1883, St.
Johnsbury.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1868-69, *George P. Foster, died March 19,1879; 1870-71,
William W. Henry, Post 2, Burlington ; 1872-73, AVheelock G.
• Deceased.
Department of Vermont. 397
Veazey, Post 14, Rutland (see Judge-Advocate-General, Chapter
XXVI); 1874-75, Stephen Thomas, Post 13, Montpelier ; 1876-77,
T. S. Peck, Post 2, Burlington ; 1878-79, J. H. Goulding, Post 14,
Rutland ; 1880-81, Geo W. Hooker, Post 8, Brattleboro ; 1882-83,
A. B. Valentine, Post 42, Bennington ; 1884, C. C. Kinsman,
Post 14, Rutland ; 1885, Wm. L. Greenleaf, Post 2, Burlington ;
1886, George T. Childs, Post CO, St. Albans ; 1887, Pearl D.
Blodgett, Post 1, St. Johnsbury ; 1888, Herbert E. Taylor, Post 8,
Brattleboro.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1868-69, *W. W. Henry ; 1870-71, Geo. S. Redfield, Post 6,
Ludlow ; 1872, R. H. Start, Post 2, Burlington ; 1873, *T. S. Peck ;
1874, G. E. Selleck, Post 8, Brattleboro ; 1875, J. N. Culver, Post
20, St. Albans ; 1876, Elijah Wales, Post 8, Brattleboro ; 1877, C.
D. Williams, Post 23, Northfield ; 1878-79, A. J. Noyes, Post 42,
Bennington ; 1880-81, C. A. Bundy, Post 28, Arlington ; 1882-83,
L. D. Savage, Post 46, Waitsfield ; 1884, C. D. Gates, Post 10,
Cambridge ; 1885, C. E. Graves, Post 42, Bennington ; 1886, Ran-
som E. Hathorn, Post 33, Ludlow ; 1887, Joseph Frost, Post 42,
Bennington ; 1888, T. C. Middlebrook, Post 3, Vergennes.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1868-69, Lewis Bisbee, Post 26, Newport; 1870-71, Albert
Clarke, Post 20, St. Albans ; 1872, H. E. Taylor, Post 8, Brattle-
boro ; 1873, M. B. Carpenter, Post 20, St. Albans ; 1874, H. S.
Hard, Post 28, Arlington ; 1875, L. E. Knapp, Post 16, Middle-
bury ; 1876, tC. D. Williams ; 1877, H. S. Hard, Post 28, Arling-
ton ; 1878-79, R. J. Coffey, Post 13, Montpelier ; 1880-81, E. R.
Campbell, Post 18, Brandon ; 1882-83, W. H. Gilmore, Post 17,
Eairlee ; 1884, S. H. Wood, Post 60, St. Albans ; 1885, H. K. Ide,
Post 1, St. Johnsbury; 1886, Edwin H. Trick, Post 2, Burlington ;
1887, H. A. Boomhouer, Post 10, Cambridge; 1888, Thos. T. Far-
rell. Post 22, Waterbury.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1868-69, Henry Janes, Waterbury ; 1870, Samuel W. Thayer,
Post 2, Burlington ; 1871-72, W. P. Russell, Post 16, Middlebury;
To Department Commander. f To Senior Vice Commander.
398 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
1873, *H. H. Laugdon, Post 2, Burliugtou ; 1874, Cbas. L. Allen,
Post 14, Pvutlaiul ; 1875-77, C. P. Thayer, Post 2, Burlington ;
1878, Samuel Worcester, Post 2, Burlington; 1879-80, A. T.
Woodward, Post 18, Brandon ; 1881, J. C. Kutlierford, Post 26,
Newport ; 1882-83, E. H. Pettingill, Post 34, Saxton's Kiver ;
1881r-85, A. H. Chesmore, Post 50, Huntington ; 1886, J. C. Kutli-
erford, Post 26, Newport ; 1887, J. W. Hanralian, Post 14, Eut-
land ; 1888, Gates B. Bullard, Post 1, St. Jolmsbury.
CHAPLAINS.
1868-69, Durrell W. Dayton, Post 2, Burlington ; 1870, Har-
vey Webster, Post 10, Cambridge, and 1871-73, Post 86, Essex ;
1874, L. D. Ames, Post 9, West Randolph ; 1875-77, N. M. Gla-
zier, Post 13, Montpelier; 1878, Daniel C. Roberts, Post 18,
Brandon ; 1879, G. G. Jones, Post 42, Bennington ; 1880, U. A.
Woodbury, Post 2, Burlington; 1881, Geo. E. Selleek, Post 8,
Brattleboro ; 1882-83, J. K. Richardson, Post 14, Rutland ;
1884, D. R. Lowell, Post 14, Rutland ; 1885, Elisha Snow, Post
33, Ludlow ; 1886, H. A. Bushnell, Post 10, Cambridge ; 1887, E.
J. Ranslow, Post 64, Wells River ; 1886, W. S. Jenne, Post 16,
Glover.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1868, C. J. Lewis, Middlesex ; resigned August 15, 1869 ; suc-
ceeded by tT. S. Peck, Post 2, Burlington ; 1871, *W. H. Root,
Post 2, Burlington (died March 11, 1886) ; 1872-73, tJoseph H.
Gouldiug, Post 14, Rutland ; 1874-75, J. O. Livingston, Post 13,
Montpelier ; 1876-79, Eben Taplin, Post 2, Burlington ; 1880-81,
H. E. Taylor, Post 8, Brattleboro ; 1882-83, fC. C. Kinsman, Post
14, Rutland ; 1884, S. E. Burnham, Post 14, Rutland ; 1885, Jas.
B. Scully, Post 2, Burlington ; 1886, Seymour H. Wood, Post 60,
St. Albans ; resigned June 10 ; Wm. C. Schroder, Post 2, Bur-
lington ; 1887, Dennis E. May, Post 1, St. Johnsbury ; 1888, E. H.
Putnam, Post 8, Brattleboro.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1868-69, Fred. E. Smith, Post 13, Montpelier ; 1870-71, Pome-
roy Loomis, Post 2, Burlington ; 1872-73, Levi G. Kingsley, Post
14, Rutland ; 1874-75, C. B. Wilson, Post 13, Montpelier ; 1876-79,
E. E. Greenleaf, Post 2, Burlington ; 1880-84, tAV. L. Greenleaf,
* Deceased. f To Department Commander.
Department of Vermont. 399
Post 2, Burlington ; 1885-87, E. E. Greenleaf, Post 2, Burlington ;
March 3d, 1887, E. N. Peck, Post 2, Burlington ; 1888, Thos. Han-
non, Post 8, Brattleboro.
inspectors.
1868-69, Horace W. Floyd ; 1870-72, John J. Bain, Jr., Post 2,
Burlington; 1873, Fred. E. Smith, Post 13, Montpelier ; 1874,
George Nichols, Post 23, Northfield ; 1875, H. E. Taylor, Post 8,
Brattleboro ; 1876, C. F. Spaulding, Post 2, Burlington ; resigned
April 24 ; succeeded by Loomis J. Smith, Post 2, Burlington ;
1878, Chas. A. Curtis, Post 23, Northfield ; 1879, H. W. Love,
Post 2, Burlington ; 1880-81, H. M. Currier, Post 8, Brattleboro ;
1882-84, C. A. Bundy, Post 28, Arlington ; 1885-86, D. L. Mor-
gan, Post 14, Eutland ; 1887, Adrian T. Woodward, Post 14, Kut-
land ; 1888, Mark J. Sargent, Post 93, South Royalton.
JUDGE- ADVOCATES.
1870-71, C. D. Gates, Post 10, Cambridge ; 1872, Hugh Henry,
Post 25, Chester ; 1873, W. W. Grout, Post 16, Barton ; 1874-76,
Willard Farrington, Post 20, St. Albans ; 1877, Henry Ballard,
Post 2, Burlington ; 1878, J. C. Baker, Post 14, Rutland ; 1879,
F. G. Butterfield, Post 34, Saxton's River ; 1880-81, Wheelock G.
Veazey, Post 14, Rutland ; 1882-83, Kittridge Haskins, Post 8,
Brattleboro ; 1884, H. A. Huse, Post 13, Montpelier ; 1885-86, Le-
vant M. Read, Post 34, Bellows Falls ; 1887, H. C. Bates, Post 1,
St. Johnsbury ; 1888, Geo. W. Burleson, Post 60, St. Albans.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1873-75, L. E. Sherman, Post 6, Ludlow ; 1876-78, R. J. Cof-
fey, Post 13, Montpelier ; 1878-79, J. H. Dyer, Post 14, Rutland ;
1880-81, W. y/. Henry, Post 2, Burlington ; 1882-83, H. E. Tay-
lor, Post 8, Brattleboro ; 1884-85, R. J. Coffey, Post 13, Mont-
pelier ; 1886, W. C. Schroder, Post 2, Burlington ; 1887, D. J.
Safford, Post 4, Morrisville ; 1888, H. W. Kingsley, Post 14, Rut-
land.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1868-69 — N. C. Sawyer, Brattleboro ; Wm. G. Cummings, Bar-
net ; Linus E. Sherman, Post 6, Ludlow ; John F. Law ; Geo. W.
Cook, Post 1, St. Johnsbury.
1870— Geo. H. Bigelow, Post 2, Burlington ; Edward H. Rip-
^00 OtiAM) Army of the Eepublic.
ley, Post 14, Eutlaud ; H. E. Taylor, Post 8, Brattleboro ; P. D.
Blodgett, Post 1, St. JohiisLiiry ; Geo. B. French, Post 22, Wood-
stock.
1871— Chas. Cade, Post 11, Cabot ; U. A. Woodbury, Post 2,
Burlington ; H. M. Currier, Post 8, Brattleboro ; Geo. B. French,
Post 22, Woodstock ; W. G. Veazey, Post 14, Kutland.
1872— Geo. H. Kittredge, Post 20, St. Albans ; Richard Smith,
Post 29, Tunbridge ; H. E. Benson, Post 7, Springfield ; Hiram
Cook, Post 31, Huntington ; John E, Pratt, Post 26, Bennington.
1873— R. E. Hathorn, Post 6, LudloAv; E. J. McWain, Post 9,
West Randolph ; Albert Clarke, Post 20, St. Albans ; W. H. Gil-
more, Post 17, Bradford ; H, S. Hard, Post 28, Arlington.
1874— Roswell Farnham, Post 17, Bradford ; E. A. Howe, Post
6, Ludlow ; J. C. Baker, Post 14, Rutland ; F. S. Stranahan, Post
20, St. Albans ; J. W. Hastings. Post 7, Springfield.
1875— .1. H. Goulding, Post 14, Rutland ; B. Cannon, Jr., Post
8, Brattleboro ; Willard Holden, Post 28, Arlington ; L. D. Sav-
age, Post 30, Waitsfield ; W. H. Gilmore, Post 19, Bradford.
1876— J. H. Goulding, B. Cannon, Jr., AYillard Holden, L. D.
Savage, re-elected ; P. P. Pitkin, Post 13, Montpelier.
1877— J. H. Goulding, P. P. Pitkin, re-elected ; A. J. Noyes,
Post 42, North Bennington ; J. W. Newton, Post 20, St. Albans ;
Elijah Wales, Post 8, Brattleboro.
1878— P. P. Pitkin, Elijah Wales, re-elected ; Willard Earring-
ton. Post 20, St. Albans ; A. J. Pike, Post 41, Readsboro ; Willard
Holden, Post 28, Arlington.
1879— Wheelock G. Veazey, Post 14, Rutland ; T. S. Peck, Post
2, Burlington ; Geo. W. Hooker, Post 8, Brattleboro ; J. M. Pol-
and, Post 13, Montpelier ; C. A. Bundy, Post 28, Arlington.
1880— Wheelock G. Veazey, re-elected ; P. P. Pitkin, Post 13,
Montpelier ; Geo. W. Doty, Post 4, Morrisville ; H. K. Ide, Post
1, St. Johnsbury ; J. B. Atwood, Post 45, Chelsea.
1881— J. B. Atwood, re-elected ; L. M. Read, Post 34, Bellows
Falls ; L. D. Savage, Post 36, Waitsfield ; A. B. Valentine, Post
42, Bennington ; AVarreu Gib])s, Post 2, Burlington.
1882— Warren Gibbs, re-elected; N. S. Capen, Post 18, Bran-
don ; M. J. Horton, Post 49, Poultney ; C. C. Kinsman, Post 14,
Rutland ; C. E. Graves, Post 42, Bennington.
Depaetment of Veemont. 401
1883— Warren Gibbs, C. E. Graves, re-elected ; J. A. Benedict,
Post 49, Poultney ; N. P. Bowman, Post 1, St. Johnsbury ; C. E.
Parker, Post 3, Vergennes.
1884— C. E. Graves, re-elected ; H. E. Taylor, Post 8, Brattle-
boro ; E. E. Hatliorn, Post 33, Ludlow ; M. J. Leach, Post 55,
Wolcott ; H. O. Edson, Post 14, Eutland.
1885— R. J. Coffey, Post 35, Windsor ; J. G. Morse, Post 10,
Cambridge ; J. H. Walbridge, Post 42, Bennington ; W. H. Gil-
more, Post 17, Bradford ; G. H. Bond, Post 8, Brattleboro.
1886— R. J. Coffey, re-elected ; J. W. Parkliurst, Post 53, Fair-
haven ; D. E. May, Post 1, St. Johnsbury ; D. L. Herrick, Post 8,
Brattleboro ; H. A. Boomhouer, Post 10, Cambridge.
1887— D. E. May, re-elected ; D. L. Morgan, Post 14, Rutland ;
C. D. Gibson, Post 42, Bennington ; A. H. Chesmore, Post 50,
Huntington ; H. G. Day, Post 17, Bradford.
1888— A. D. Beckwith, Post 34, Bellows Falls ; D. J. Safford,
Post 4, Morrisville ; L. C. Leavens, Post 9, West Burke ; C. E.
Graves, Post 42, Bennington ; S. W. Parkhurst, Post 1, St.
Johnsbury.
GENEEAL GEO. J. STANNAED.
The Department has undertaken the work of securing funds
for a monument over the grave of General Geo. J. Stannard, who
died in Washington, June 3, 1886, The Legislature appropriated
$500 as a nucleus for this purpose. General Stannard was com-
missioned Lieutenant-Colonel 2d Vermont Volunteer Infantry, in
May, 1861 ; and was, in May, 1862, assigned as Colonel 9th Ver-
mont Infantry. Promoted Brigadier-General United States Vol-
unteers, March 12, 1863, and brevetted Major-General United
States Volunteers, October 28, 1864. General Stannard's prompt
movement upon the flank of Pickett's division at Gettysburg, won
for him the strongest commendation of his superiors. He was
four times wounded, the last time losing an arm in the successful
assault on Fort Harrison, September 29, 1864. He remained in
the service a number of years after the war.
VEEMONT SOLDIEES' HOME.
The question of a Soldiers' Home in Vermont was agitated for
some years, but did not take a practical direction until 1884, when
numerous petitions were sent to the Legislature at Montpelier,
28
402 Grand Army of the Republic.
for the establisliment of a Home for Vermont's veterans, and the
result was the passage of a bill incorporating as a Board of Trus-
tees : Redtield Proctor, Frederick Billings, C. C. Kinsman, A. B.
Franklin, Hugh Henry, P. P. Pitkin, J. C. Stearns, Franklin Fair-
banks, Josiah Grout, George T. Childs, H. K. Ide, William AVells,
Julius J. Estey, A. B. Valentine, Warren Gibbs, Z. M. Mansur,
Frank Kenfield, A. S. Tracy, and their associates and successors.
It is provided that " The whole number of said trustees shall
never exceed eighteen, fifteen of whom shall be members of the
Department of Vermont, Grand Army of the Republic, and when-
ever any vacancy shall occur among said fifteen, the remaining
trustees shall select from the Department of Vermont, Grand
Army of the Republic, a trustee to fill such vacancy."
A splendid estate situated in Bennington, which was given by
the late Hon. T. W. Park for the purpose of an Old Ladies' Home,
but which, owing to the sudden death of Mr. Park, was not suf-
ficiently endowed, was offered by the Trustees of the Old Ladies'
Home to the Trustees of the Soldiers' Home for the purposes as
set forth by the Act above quoted. The offer was gladly and
thankfully accepted, and the Legislatures of 1884 and 1886 made
ample appropriations for the enlargement of the buildings and
supj)ort of Vermont's disabled veterans.
The grounds of the Home consist of 200 acres, meadow and
pasture, with several beautiful groves, all surrounded by moun-
tain scenery rarely equalled. Pure spring water in abundance is
brought from the adjacent hills to supply the wants of the Home,
and to make one of the finest fountains in the world, the waters
of which are thrown in a steady stream 180 feet in height. With
comparatively small expenditure, the old buildings have been en-
larged, so as to accommodate all the veterans of the State needing
such a refuge.
The extensive grounds, home-like buildings, beautiful sur-
roundings, and kind care, make it a home in fact as well as in
name. Comrade R. J. Coffey, a veteran of the 1st and 4th Ver-
mont Regiments, is now Superintendent, and his wife is Matron
of the Home.
General William Wells, of Burlington, is President of the
Board of Trustees. The general supervision of the Home and its
financial management, are in charge of a special committee of
Trustees, of which Comrjxde A. B. Valentine is the resident
member.
Department op Massachusetts. 403
grand army badge.
By Act of the Legislature of Vermont, it is made a misde-
meanor for any person, not a member, to wear a badge of tlie
Grand Army of the Republic. The punishmant for any infraction
of this law, is imprisonment in the House of Correction for not
exceeding 30 days, or fine, not exceeding $20, or by both such fine
and imprisonment.
MEMORIAL DAY.
Memorial Day is a legal holiday in Vermont.
DEPARTMENT OF MASSACHUSETTS.
The first secret society of soldiers who had served during the
rebellion, as enlisted men, was formed in Fitchburg, Massachu-
setts, in May, 1865, under the title. The Fitchburg Circle of
Massachusetts Veterans.
The organization was the result of a conference had at the
funeral of a comrade who had there died in destitute circum-
stances. At the first meeting, "Walter A. Eames was chosen Pres-
ident, and Richard Tucker, Secretary. The constitution adopted
provided for the admission of persons honorably discharged from
the military or naval service of the United States, " provided,
however, that all such persons must at some period of their term
of service have been in the ranks."
It was evident that the society was not favorably disposed to
military titles. The officers were Worthy Master, Worthy Sub-
masters, Recording Secretary, Financial Secretary, Trustees, a
Relief Committee, one Usher, one Picket, one Guard. Later a
Sergeant-at-arms was added, to introduce candidates for initia-
tion.
Other Circles were formed, and in December, 1865, a Grand
Lodge was organized under the title,
grand union army and navy veterans.
Under this, the Fitchburg Circle took a charter, dated Janu-
ary 2, 1866, as " Taylor Union, No. 1, Army and Navy Veterans,"
404
Grand Army of the Republic.
the name being chosen in honor of the first soldier killed of those
who had enlisted from Fitchbnrg.
AValter A. Eames was made Grand AYorthy Master of the Grand
Lodge, and P. H. Fletcher, Grand Worthy Secretary, Nearly
twenty snbordinate Unions were formed.
The Grand Arm}' of the Republic had been organized in the
State for some months when the subject of joining with it was
agitated, as members of the Union believed that its more general
character give better promise of permanence. In Jul}^ 1867,
Richard Tucker, on behalf of the Taylor Union, made application
for a charter for a Post at Fitchburg, and on August 20th, 18C7,
the applicants were mustered as E. Y. Sumner Post No. 19.
A POLITICAL ASSOCIATION.
The " Soldiers' and Sail-
ors' Union " of Massachu-
setts, a political association,
was represented in the Pitts-
burgh Convention, Septem-
ber 24, 1866, by Generals B.
F. Butler, N. P. Banks, and
Chas. Devens, Jr., Major A.
S. Cushman, Chaplain A. H.
Quint, and other soldiers of
that State.
General Devens, Major
Cushman and Chaplain
(Jiiint were there initiated
into the Grand Army of the
Republic by Major O. M.
Wilson, of Indiana. It was
agreed that General Devens should act as Provisional Com-
mander, and each of the comrades named was provided Avith Con-
stitutions and Rituals, and authorized to organize Posts.
Wliile Major Cushman was returning from Pittsburgh to his
homo in New Bedford, he met David B. Coleman, then of the
State police, to whom he communicated his earnest desire to se-
cure in New Bedford the organization of the first Post in Massa-
cliusetts. Imiiifdiatoly upon their arrival, they proceeded to ob-
tain names to an application for a charter, and a meeting for or-
Major a. S. Cushman.
Department of Massachusetts. 405
ganization was held on September 29, when Major Cushman was
chosen Post Commander.
The application and charter-fee were forwarded through Gen-
eral Devens, and later a charter was received for the Post, from
Springfield, Illinois, under the title. Post No. 1, New Bedford,
District of Bristol, Department of Massachusetts. This charter
was signed by General Hurlbut, Commander-in-Chief, and B. F.
Stej^henson, Adjutant-General, and was dated back to October 4,
1866, the date of the application.
The charter-members were A. S. Cushman, G. R. Hurlbut,
Alonzo H. X^uint, E. H. Robbins, Thos. Edwards, D. B. Coleman,
Wm. S. Cobb. This was the first Post chartered in the East, and
the Post has maintained its organization from that time. This
charter was later duplicated by one issued October 14, that the
Post might have the first charter issued by Comrade Cushman,
who, upon the earnest request of General Devens, had accepted
the position of Provisional Commander. He appointed Thos,
Edwards, of New Bedford, as Assistant Adjutant-General. Soon
after the formation of Post 1, Comrade Coleman mustered Post 2,
at Nantucket, but this Post did not maintain its organization, and
on February 26, 1880, that number was assigned the present Post
2, South Boston. Other Posts were organized under Commander
Cushman, as follows : Post 3, Taunton, January 2, 1867 ; Post 4,
Melrose, February 19, 1867 ; Post 5, Lynn, February 27, 1867 ;
Post 6, Holliston, March 8, 1867; Post 7, Boston, March 1, 1867;
Post 8, Middleboro', March 10, 1867 ; Post 10, Worcester, April
13, 1867. These Posts, with Post 1, are still working under their
original charters.
Upon the organization of Post No. 10, a convention to or-
ganize the permanent Department was called to meet in New Bed-
ford, May 7, 1867, when Major Cushman was elected Department
Commander.
General Orders No. 9, issued during this term, was intended to
better present the objects of the Grand Army of the Republic to the
people of Massachusetts, and counteract the prevailing impres-
sion that it Avas a political organization. " To secure unity,
promote concord, and establish fraternity of feeling throughout
the Department, it is essential we should not compromise our
position by entering the arena of politics upon every issue
that may be created, as such issues are ever changing and are
soon numbered with the past. Therefore, all political action on
406
GiiiVND Army of the Republic.
Henry B. Peikce, A. A. G., 1871-1875.
the part of Posts in this
command is prohibited.
All resolutions and official
action taken by Posts and
designed for publication,
must be invariably for-
warded through the prop-
er channels to these Head-
quarters for the approval
of the Grand Commander.
Any infraction or viola-
tion of this order will be
immediately reported by
Post and District Com-
manders."
In the fall of 1867, Gen-
eral Philip H. Sheridan
visited Boston and had an enthusiastic reception. Though the no-
tice of the visit was extremely short. Department Commander
Cushman arranged and successfully carried through the details
of a torch-light procession of Grand Army Posts in honor of Gen-
eral Sheridan. This, the first parade of the Order in Massachu-
setts, attracted immense crowds along the route and brought the
Grand Army most favorably to the attention of the general pub-
lic.
Upon the suggestion of Colonel Fred. J. Bramhall, Assistant
Adjutant-General, Department of New York, Commander Cush-
man called an informal conference at Springfield, Massachusetts,
of officers of the Departments of Massachusetts, Connecticut,
Rhode Island and New York, with Senior Vice-Commander-in-
Chief McKean also present, to consider matters of importance
requiring action at the National Encampment to be held in Phila-
delphia, January, 1868. It was then agreed that certain changes
in the Rules and Regulations and Ritual should be drawn up by
Major C ashman, in accordance with conclusions reached at this
conference, and which were presented to the Encampment, and
adopted, as stated on page 81.
Annual meetings of the Department have been held as fol-
lows :
I. May 7, 1867, New Bedford ; II. January 8, 1868, Boston ;
Department of Massachusetts. 407
III. January 20, 1869, Worcester ; IV. January 10, 1870, New
Bedford; V. January 18, 1871, Lowell; VI. January 17, 1872,
Springfield ; VII. January 15, 1873, Boston ; VIII. January 21,
1874, Fitcliburg ; IX. January 20, 1875, Salem ; X. January 19,
1876, Lawrence ; XL January 17, 1877, Boston ; XIL January 16,
1878, Boston ; XIIL January 29, 1879, Boston ; XIV. January
28, 1880, Lynn ; and afterwards in Boston, on the following dates :
XV. January 26, 1881 ; XVL January 30, 1882 ; XVIL January
29, 1883 ; XVIIL January 30, 1884 ; XIX. January 30, 1885 ;
XX. January 27, 1886 ; XXI. January 27, 1887 ; XXIL Febru-
ary 8, 1888.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS
1866, Provisioned, A. S. Cushman, Post 1, New Bedford ; 1867,
A. S. Cushman ; 1868, A. B. E. Sprague, Post 10, Worcester (see
Quartermaster-General, Chapter XII) ; 1869, F. A. Osborn, Post
15, Boston ; 1870, *James L. Bates, Post 58, Weymouth ; died No-
vember 11, 1875 ; 1871, William Cogswell, Post 34, Ssdem (see
Judge-Advocate-General, Chapter XVI) ; 1872, Henry R. Sibley,
Post 11, Charlestown (see Adjutant-General, Chapter XIII); 1873,
*A. B. Underwood, Post 62, Newton ; died January 14, 1888 ;
1874, John W. Kimball, Post 19, Fitchburg ; 1875, Geo. S. Mer-
rill, Post 39, Lawrence (see Commander-in-Chief, Chapter XX) ;
1876-78, Horace Binney Sargent, Post 15, Boston ; 1879, John G.
B. Adams, Post 5, Lynn ; 1880, *John A. Hawes, Post 1, New
Bedford ; died March 10th, 1883 ; 1881, Geo. W. Creasey, Post 49,
Newburyport ; 1882, *George H. Patch, Post 142, Saxonville ; died
July 26, 1887 ; 1883, George S. Evans, Post 30, Cambridgeport
(see Inspector-General, Chapter XXVI) ; 1884, John D. Billings,
Post 94, Canton ; 1885, John W. Hersey, Post 16, Springfield ;
1886, R. F. Tobin, Post 2, South Boston ; 1887, Charles D. Nash,
Post 78, Whitman; 1888, Myron P. Walker, Post 97, Belcher-
town.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867, A. A. Goodale, Post 10, Worcester ; 1868, Geo. H. Pier-
* Deceased.
408
Geand Army of the Republic.
Jas. F. Meech, a. a. G., 1876-1883.
son, Post 34, Salem ; 1869,
Josiah Pickett, Post 10,
Worcester ; 1870, H. M.
Phillips, Post 16, Spring-
field; 1871, Wm. Spauld-
ing, Post 11, Charlestown ;
1872, W. S. B. Hopkins,
Post 120, Greenfield; 1873,
*J. W. Kimball; 1874, Clias.
H. Taylor, Post 139, Som-
erville; 1875, C. Frank Lu-
: tlier. Post 79, North Adams;
1876, J. L. Skinner, Post
36, Amherst; 1877, *Geo.
S. Evans ; 1878, *John G.
B. Adams ; 1879, *John A.
Hawes; 1880, Thos. H. Hill,
Post 33, Woburn; 1881,
Benjamin S. Lovell, Post 58, Weymouth ; 1882, William H. Hart,
Post 35, Chelsea ; 1883, Mohn D. Billings ; 1884, *John W. Her-
sey ; 1885, *E. F. Tobin ; 1886, *Chas. D. Nash ; 1887, Edmnnd C.
Whitney, Post 68, Dorchester ; 1888, George L. Goodale, Post G6,
Medford.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867, Benjamin A. Bridges, Post 6, Holliston ; 1868, Mason W.
Burk, Post 3, Taunton ; 1869, tH. C. Lee, Post 16, Springfield ;
1870, tW. O. Fiske, Post 42, Lowell; 1871, S. E. Chamberlain,
Post 30, Cambridgeport ; 1872, Gardner A. Churchill, Post 68,
Dorchester ; 1873, Lemuel Pope, Post 135, Acton ; 1874, J. S. Fay,
Post 43, Marlboro' ; 1875, J. P. Maxfield, Post 42, Lowell ; 1876,
Herbert E, Hill, Post 139, Somerville (see Junior Vice-Com-
mander-in-Chief, Chapter XVII) ; 1877, *George H. Patch ; 1878,
:{:John A, Hawes ; 1879, Samuel B. Spooner, Post 16, Springfield ;
1880, IBenj. S. Lovell ; 1881, Eoyal B. Wight, Post 63, Natick ;
1882, tJohn D. Billings ; 1883, William A. Sloane, Post 37, Spen-
cer ; 1884, tPifhard F. Tobin ; 1885, ^Charles D. Nash ; 1886,
itEdmund C. Whitney ; 1887, James Kittle, Post 125, Pittsfield ;
1888, George H. lunis, Post "2, South Boston.
To Department Commander. f Deceased. X To Senior Vice-Commander.
Department of Massachusetts. 409
MEDICAL directors.
1867, J. H. Mackie, Post 1, New Bedford ; 1868, J. Marcus
Eeese, Post 10, Worcester ; 1869-70, Samuel A. Green, Post 15,
Boston (to Surgeon-General, Chapter IX) ; 1871, C. E. Kice, Post
16, Springfield ; 1872, Joel Seaverns, Post 26, Boston ; 1873, D.
D. Gilbert, Post 68, Dorchester ; 1874, Geo. B. Cogswell, Post 52,
North Easton ; 1875, Albert Wood, Post 10, Worcester ; 1876-80,
W. Symington Brown, Post 75, Stoneham ; 1881-82, Azel Ames,
Jr., Post 12, Wakefield (to Surgeon-General, Chapter XXI); 1883,
James H. Wright, Post 63, Natick ; 1884, James Oliver, Jr., Post
123, Athol ; 1885, Walter H. Leighton, Post 42, Lowell ; 1886, C.
D. Hendrickson, Post 17, Orange ; 1887, J. B. Cherry, Post 7,
Boston ; 1888, Benjamin A. Sawyer, Post 47, Haverhill.
CHAPLAINS.
1867-68, N. M. Gaylord, Post 15, Boston ; 1869, W. G. Scan-
Ian, Post 24, Grafton ; 1870, Horace James, Post 42, Lowell ; 1871,
Miles Sandford, Post 98, Pittsfield ; 1872-74, George S. Ball, Post
105, Upton ; 1875, *Warren H. Cudworth, Post 23, East Boston
(see page 414) ; 1876-77, J. F. Lovering, Post 81, Watertown (see
Chaplain-in-Chief, Chapter XV); 1878, Wm. H. Savage, Post
53, Leominster ; 1879-82, John W. Lee, Post 11, Charlestown ;
1883, John W. Lee, Post 12, Wakefield ; 1884, Kichard Eddy, Post
4, Melrose ; 1885-86, E. A. Perry, Post 107, Palmer ; 1887-88, E.
A. Horton, Post 113, Boston.
assistant adjutants-general.
1866, Thomas Edwards, Post 1, New Bedford ; 1867, J. T. Lur-
vey, Post 4, Melrose ; 1868-69, Thos, Sherwin, Post 15, Boston ;
1870, *S. Hovey, Jr., Post 15, Boston ; 1870-75, Henry B. Peirce,
Post 73, Abington ; 1876, Chas. W. Thompson, Post 15, Boston ; .
resigned May 15 ; succeeded by James F. Meech, Post 10, Wor-
cester, who served until January, 1883 ; 1883-88, Alfred C. Mon-
roe, Post 13, Brockton ; Headquarters, Boston.
Comrades Peirce, Meech and Monroe have thus served over a
period of 18 years.
* Deceased.
410
Grand Army of the Republic.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
A. C. Monroe, A. A. G., 1883-1888.
1867-68, H. J. Hall-
^reen, Post 7, Boston ;
1869-75, W. S. Greenougli,
Post 23, East Boston; 1876-
81, Edward T. Raymond,
Post 10, Worcester; 1882,
George L. Goodale, Post
66, Medford; 1883, Chas.
O. Fellows, Post 35, Chel-
sea ; 1884, Tlios. E. Bar-
ker, Post 40, Maiden; 1885,
W. W. Scott, Post 10,
Worcester; 1886, John H.
O'Donnell, Post 2, South
Boston; 1887, Augustus H.
Wright, Post 73, Abing-
ton; 1888, Ephraim Stearns,
Post 29, Waltham.
INSPECTORS.
1869, O. Moulton, Boston; 1870, H. B. Peirce, Post 73,
Abington ; resigned August 15 (see Assistant Adjutant-General) ;
Chas. O. Welch, Post 57, E. Cambridge, who served 1871-72 ; 1873
-74, E. B. Blasland, Post 125, South Boston ; 1875, George R.
Kelso, Post 11, Charlestown ; 1876-78, Samuel Dalton, Post 34,
Salem ; 1879, *George W. Creasey, Post 49, Newburyport ; 1880,
Thos. H. Hill, Post 33, Woburn ; 1881-82, William L. Baird, Post
5, Lynn ; 1883, Horace A. Sawyer, Post 5, Lynn ; 1884, Samuel A.
Cushing, Jr., Post 68, Dorchester ; 1885-87, B. Read Wales, Post
68, Dorchester ; 1888, fAustin C. Wellington, Post 113, Boston ;
died September, 18, 1888.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1870, E. O. Shepard; 1871, fC. F. Walcott, Post 30, Cam-
bridg.^ ; 1872-74, AV. W. Blackmar, Post 113, Boston ; 1875, H. M.
Burleigh, Post 133, Atliol ; succeeded, November 1, by W. W.
Blackmar ; 1876, *William Cogswell ; 1877-78, Andrew J. Bailey,
* To Department Commander.
f Deceased.
Department of Massachusetts. . 411
Post 11, Charlestown; 1879-80, Giles H. Eich, Post 26, Roxbury ;
1881, William H. Hart, Post 35, Chelsea; 1882, E. B. Loring,
Post 15, Boston ; 1883, John L. Rice, Post 16, Springfield ; 1884,
John H. Hardy, Post 36, Arlington ; 1885, Henry Winn, Post 174,
Greenfield ; 1886-87, John A. Keefe, Post 15, Boston ; 1888, An-
drew C. Stone, Post 39, Lawrence.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1872-73, George T. Childs, Post 11, Charlestown ; resigned
December 8 ; succeeded by J. G. B. Adams, Post 5, Lynn ; 1875,
W. G. Sheen, Post 88, Quincy ; 1876-77, Henry Wilson, Jr., Post
35, Chelsea ; 1878, Edmund C. Whitney, Post 43, Marlboro' ; re-
signed November 18 ; Sam. B. Spooner, Post 16, Springfield ;
1879, Chas. W. Wilcox, Post 22, Milford ; 1880-82, Alfred C. Mon-
roe, Post 13, Brockton (to Assistant Adjutant-General) ; 1883, E.
P. Gibbs, Post 9, Hudson ; resigned October 10 ; succeeded by A,
M. Lunt, Post 57, E. Cambridge ; 1884, Geo. H. Bonney, Jr., Post
154, Kingston; 1885, Charles Fay, Post 16, Springfield; 1886,
P. Allen Lindsey, Post 30, Cambridgeport ; 1887, T. Spencer
Jenks, Post 10, Worcester ; 1888, Joseph B. Parsons, Post 86,
Northampton.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1867— A. H. Quint, Post 1, New Bedford (to Chaplain-in-Chief,
Chapter VII) ; S. F. Keyes, Post 7, Boston ; Robert Crossman,
Post 3, Taunton ; J. G. B. Adams, Post 5, Lynn ; G. H. Long,
Post 11, Charlestown.
1868— W. G. Scanlan, Post 24, Grafton ; *H. C. Lee, Post 16,
Springfield ; F. A. Osborn, Post 15, Boston ; Wm. S. Cobb, Post
1, New Bedford ; H. R. Sibley, Post 11, Charlestown.
1869— Wm. S. Cobb, H. R. Sibley, re-elected ; Luke Lyman,
Post 44, Northampton ; A. B. R. Sprague, Post 10, Worcester ;
Geo. H. Pierson, Post 34, Salem.
1870 — W. S. Cobb, H. R. Sibley, Luke Lyman, re-elected ; Jno.
AY. Kimball, Post 19, Fitchburg ; J. E. Hollis, Post 113, Boston.
1871— W. S. Cobb, H. R. Sibley, re-elected ; W. O. Fiske, Post
42, Lowell; J. A. Titus, Post 10, Worcester ; Wm. P. Drury, Post
35, Chelsea.
1872— W. O. Fiske, re-elected ; Wm. S. Wood, Post 7, Boston ;
* Deceased.
412 Grand Army of the Ri-:public.
H. M. Phillips, Post 16, Springfield ; H. A. Cusliman, Post 3,
Taunton ; J. G. B. Adams, Post 5, Lynn.
1873— Wm. S. Wood, re-elected ; J. P. Maxfield, Post 42, Low-
ell ; H. E. Hill, Post 139, Somerville ; Henry Wilson, Jr., Post 35,
Chelsea ; Geo. H. Hoyt, Post 140, Athol.
1874— J. P. Maxfield, H. E. Hill, re-elected ; J. H. Barnes, Post
23, East Boston ; G. H. Patch, Post 142, South Framingham ; H.
S. Briggs, Post 98, Pittsfield.
1875— H. E. Hill, re-elected ; Chas. K. Conn, Post 33, Woburn ;
J. M. Cate, Post 12, Wakefield ; Jas. F. Meech, Post 10, Wor-
cester ; Geo. S. Evans, Post 30, Cambridgeport.
1876 — James F. Meech, Geo. S. Evans, J. M. Cate, re-elected ;
Cyrus C. Emery, Post 26, Boston; Jacob Silloway, Jr., Post 94,
Canton.
1877 — Cyrus C. Emery, re-elected ; J. G. B. Adams, Post 5,
Lynn; John McKay, Jr., Post 7, Boston; E. G. W. Cartwright,
Post 47, Haverhill ; C. W. Wilcox, Post 22, Milford.
1878— Chas. W. Slade, Post 7, Boston ; Geo. H. Patch, Post
142, South Framingham ; Geo. W. Creasey, Post 49, Newbury-
port ; J. Frank Dalton, Post 34, Salem ; George H. Howard, Post
57, East Cambridge.
1879— Geo. H. Patch, J. Frank Dalton, Geo. H. Howard, re-
elected ; Azel Ames, Jr., Post 12, Wakefield ; John F. Bruce, Post
19, Fitchburg.
1880— Azel Ames, Jr., Jno. F. Bruce, re-elected ; John Scates,
Post 7, J5oston ; Chas. A. Stott, Post 42, Lowell ; Benj. A. Bridges,
Post 6, Holliston.
1881 — John Scates, Chas. A. Stott, Benj. A. Bridges, re-elected ;
William A. Sloane, Post 37, Spencer ; William S. Frost, Post 43,
Marlboro'.
1882— William A. Sloane, Wm. S. Frost, re-elected ; Wm. S.
Brown, Post 2, South Boston ; Moses P. Palmer, Post 115, Gro-
ton ; Chas. H. Parsons, Post 45, Gloucester.
1883— Chas. H. Parsons, re-elected ; W. W. Scott, Post 10,
Worcester; Richard F. Tobin, Post 30, Cambridgeport; J. Cush-
ing Thomas, Post 15, Boston ; Benj. Pitman, Post 82, Marble-
head.
Department of Massachusetts. 413
1884^W. W. Scott, J. C. Thomas, re-elected ; John McDon-
ough. Post 2, South Boston ; Edward McKay, Post 22, Milford ;
Chas. H. Tracy, Post 103, Chicopee.
1885 — John McDonough, Edward McKay, Charles H. Tracy,
re-elected ; Horace A. Sawyer, Post 5, Lynn ; Samuel Worcester,
Post 34, Salem.
1886 — Horace A. Sawyer, Samuel Worcester, re-elected ; George
L. Goodale, Post 66, Medford ; Frank P. Simonds, Post 63, Nat-
ick ; Samuel M. Weale, Post 23, East Boston.
1887 — Geo. L. Goodale, re-elected ; Wm. A. Prescott, Post 35,
Chelsea ; Arthur A. Smith, Post 20, Colrain ; Malcolm Sillars,
Post 90, Danvers ; E. P. Jewett, Post 91, Foxboro'.
1888— AVilliam A. Prescott, Arthur A. Smith, Edward P. Jew-
ett, Malcolm Sillars, re-elected ; Albert C. Andrews, Post 45,
Gloucester.
RELIEF WORK.
Up to 1877 the Department of Massachusetts had a larger
membership than any other Department, but of late years it has
been exceeded in this respect by several other States. It retains,
however, the first place in the amount of relief annually dis-
bursed by its Posts.
To further enlarge and systematize the relief work, and also to
attend to matters of legislation in the interest of ex-soldiers and
sailors, the Department lately established the Veteran's Rights
Union and Employment Bureau in Boston, and appropriated
$3,000 for expenses of its maintenance. The sum of $1,760.07 was
donated this Bureau for relief work in 1887, and $1,806.15 expended.
GEORGE H. PATCH MEMORIAL FUND.
Past Department Commander George H. Patch, a member of
Post 63, Natick, died July 26, 1887. $3,195.98 were contributed
by members and Posts of the Department, and presented to his
widow.
POST HALLS.
By Act approved March 6, 1885, any city or town is author-
ized to lease to Posts of the Grand Army of the Rejjublic located
in such city or town any public building or part thereof, except
school-houses, on such terms as the Board of Aldermen or Se-
414 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
lectmen may determine. A number of Posts in the Department
now own the halls in which they meet. The most conspicuous
of these is General Lander Post No. 5, whose property is valued
at $80,000. In addition to the Post Hall, which is a large three-
story brick building, fitted up with a finely furnished Post room,
banquet-room, kitchen, billiard-room, and library, it has a large
income from a Coliseum, used for public meetings, concerts, etc.
Post 35, Chelsea, has a hall costing over $20,000 ; those of Post
11, Charlestown, and Post 49, Newburyport, are valued at over
$10,C00 each ; Posts 2, South Boston, 13, Brockton, 58, Weymouth,
and 68, Dorchester, also own the halls in which they meet.
STATE AID.
At the outbreak of the rebellion. Governor John A. Andrew,
speaking for the people of Massachusetts, said that the family of
every man who enlisted during the rebellion should be fully pro-
vided for. This pledge has been kept, and Massachusetts stands
foremost in its expenditures for the care of veterans and their
families.
From 1861, to January 1st, 1888, there had been expended for
this purpose, $19,395,293.40. During the year 1887, the follow-
ing numbers were aided : Poor and indigent veterans not drawing
United States pensions, about 2,000 ; pensioned soldiers, sailors,
or marines, 2,796 ; wives of veterans, 497 ; widows, 2,436 ; mothers,
796 ; fathers, 45 : a total of 8,570.
No special sum is fixed by law, but the town or city authori-
ties allow such amount as may be required by the necessities of
each case, ranging from four to eight dollars per month, or in ex-
treme cases a larger amount.
Under an act approved May 29, 1888, any person who served
during the rebellion, who is unable to provide for himself or de-
pendent family, or the widow or children of a soldier or sailor
without proper means of support, must be supported, wholly or
in part, as may be necessary, by the city or town in which he or
they reside, at his or their own home, or at such other place,
other than an almshouse, as may be directed by the authorities.
Posts of the Grand Army may be made disbursing agents
Tinder the provision that :
Any city or town may ni)i)ropriatc any sum of money for necessary aid to soldiers
and sailors and tlieir families, and to the families of the slaiu, and may by special
Department of Massachusetts. 415
vote entrust such sum or any part thereof to any Post of the Grand Army of the Re-
public located in such city or town, to be disbursed under its directions to any such
persons residing in such city or town : provided, that the treasurer or other financial
officer of such Post shall make an annual return to such city or town under oath, con-
taining an itemized and specific statement of the disposition of such sums made by
such Post during the preceding year, and shall exhibit his vouchers for such dis-
bursements to any committee of such city or town for examination.
By amendment to the Constitution, ratified November 8, 1881,
it is provided :
Art. XXVIII. No person having served in the army or navy of the United
States in time of war, and having been honorably discharged from such service, if
otherwise qualified to vote, shall be disqualified therefore on account of being a pau-
per; or, if a pauper, because of the non-payment of a poll-tax.
MASSACHUSETTS SOLDIER's HOME.
Notwithstanding the generous provision for the veterans of
Massachusetts, as presented above, the establishment of a State
Home for disabled, diseased and indigent soldiers and sailors who
had been compelled to seek shelter and treatment in almshouses
or other charitable institutions, was early found to be an absolute
necessity.
In 1877, Department Commander Horace Binney Sargent
strongly presented the necessity for prompt action on this sub-
ject, and in his Memorial Day Order, issued April 30, 1877, in re-
ferring to the duty imposed in the appropriate decoration of the
graves of the dead, he said : " This solemn, tender and triumphal
service for those whose happiness is beyond our care, should be
so conducted as to force upon the public mind the importance of
providing for those dying in poverty, of illness, and re-opened
wounds. For these a Soldiers' Home in Massachusetts must be
established."
He suggested immediate action in securing subscriptions
through collections in churches and at public meetings in differ-
ent parts of the State.
These meetings addressed by General Sargent and other mem-
bers of the Grand Army, and by patriotic citizens, produced most
excellent results.
An Act of the Legislature was secured incorporating a Board
of Trustees for the purpose of establishing the Home. These
Trustees organized by the election of General Sargent, President ;
Assistant Adjutant-General Jas. F. Meech, Secretary ; Ex-Gover-
410 ' Grand Army of the Republic.
nor AVilliam Gustou, Treasurer. The other members of the Board
were Ex-Goveruor Alexander H. Eice, General Chas. Devens, Geo.
S. Evans, Geo. H. Patch, Edward T. Raymond, Rev. Jos. F. Lov-
ering, Dr. W. Symington Brown, Samuel Dalton, AndreAv J.
Bailey, Henry AVilsou, Jr., J. G. B. Adams, E. G. W. Cartwright,
Cyrus C. Emery, Jno. McKay, Jr., and Chas. W. Wilcox.
The Trustees were greatly encouraged by the munificent gift
of Ten Thoiisand Dollars from Cajotain Joseph B. Thomas, of
Charlestown. With this and other moneys then received, they
purchased the projDerty known as the Highland Park Hotel, on
Powderhorn Hill, Chelsea, for the sum of $20,000. This jsrop-
erty, consisting of about four acres of land and a hotel building,
had cost the former owners $89,000.
In 1881 a legacy was received from the estate of the late
Miss Elizabeth P. Sever, which had been bequeathed by her for
use in a Soldiers' Home.
In July, 1881, the Home was ready for the reception of in-
mates. In December of that year, a Grand Bazaar held in Boston
netted $42,000, thus providing funds for paying the existing in-
debtedness, and leaving a good surplus for maintenance.
For three years the Legislature appropriated $15,000 annu-
ally for maintenance, and then increased the amount to $20,000
per annum.
In 1885, increased accommodations were demanded, especially
for the large number of cases requiring hospital treatment.
Again the people were appealed to for help ; Posts of the De-
partment coutril)uted largely, and with the active aid of the
Woman's Relief Corps, and the Ladies' Aid Association, formed
especially to assist the Home, a Soldiers' Carnival was held in
Boston, which netted $02,698.24.
The new hospital was soon completed. The upper stories
were handsomely furnished by Mrs. Caroline M. Barnard, of Eve-
rett, Massachusetts, and named the " Cudworth AVard," in honor
of the Rev. Warren H. Cudworth, who had served in the army as
Chaplain 1st Massachusetts Infantry, and in 1875, as Chaplain of
the Department. He died suddenly, while preaching a Thanks-
giving Day sermon, November 29th, 1883.
The Lecture, or Entertainment room, has been named " The
General Horace Binuey Sargent Hall," in honor of the projector
of the Home, who, at considerable personal sacrifice, labored so
zealously and successfully for it.
Department of Massachusetts. 417
Over 800 inmates have been received and cared for since the
opening. Numbers of these, after the rest and care given them
by a few months of residence, have been able thereafter to care
for themselves, and thus make room for those more needy.
The Burial Lot of the Home is at Maiden, where a fine monu-
ment has been erected by Mrs. Lyman Tucker, of Boston, a mem-
ber of the Ladies' Aid Association and of the Woman's Relief
Corps.
General Jas. A. Cunningham, who was, during the war,
Colonel 32d Massachusetts Volunteers, and for thirteen years
after the war, Adjutant-General of the State, is Superintendent of
the Home and his wife is matron.
The Ladies' Aid Association of the Soldiers' Home has about
800 members living in different parts of the State, who, through
committees, provide delicacies for the sick and many additional
comforts for the inmates. The different rooms of the Home have
been mainly furnished by the Woman's Relief Corps, and commit-
tees are constant in their attendance to cheer the sick and to min-
ister to the dying.
The present Board of Trustees (1888) is composed of Past De-
partment Commander "John G. B. Adams, President ; Past De-
partment Commander Geo. S. Evans, Secretary ; Past Department
Commander Geo. W. Creasey, Treasurer ; Past Commander-in-
Chief George S. Merrill ; Past Department Commander Horace
Binney Sargent ; Past Department Commander John W. Hersey ;
Assistant Adjutant-General, A. C. Monroe ; Past Assistant Adju-
tant-General James F. Meech ; Past Chaplain-in-Chief Rev. J. F.
Lovering ; Past Department Inspector Samuel Dalton ; Past
Medical Director Dr. W. S. Brown ; Past Judge- Advocate Andrew
J. Bailey ; Commander A. C. Wellington, Post 113, Boston ; Past
Post Commanders Chas. W. Wilcox and Peter D. Smith ; Past
Assistant Quartermaster-General Thos. E, Barker ; Samuel P.
Tenney, Ex -Mayor of Chelsea, and Hon. Henry Cabot Lodge,
Member of Congress.
MEMORIAL DAY.
At the Department EncamJDment, in January, 1881, a resolu-
tion was adopted favoring a law making May 30th a legal holi-
day. The Legislature promptly passed a bill for the purpose,
and on March 8, 1881, it received the approval of Governor John
27
•il8 Grand Army of the Republic.
D. Long. On May 20th, Governor Long, in a proclamation,
called pnblic attention to this Act of the Legislature in making
the day " set apart for the decoration of the graves of deceased
soldiers and sailors " a legal holiday :
Let us reap as they sowed, not war, but peace; not hate, but love; not discord
and chains, but union and liberty. Let us scatter their graves with the everlasting,
not the cypress. So through tears shall unbend the rainbow.
BADGE OF THE GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC.
By an Act, approved March 10, 1887 :
Whoever shall wilfully wear or use the insignia of the Military order of the Loyal
Legion of the United States or the insignia of the Grand Army of the Republic, for
llie purpose of representing that he is a member of either Order, unless he shall be a
member of the Order whose insignia he shall so wear or use, shall be punished by
fine not exceeding twenty dollars, or by imprisonment in the house of correction not
exceeding thirty days, or by both such fine and imprisonment.
PREFERENCE IN APPOINTMENTS.
All persons who served in the army or navy of the United States, in the time of
the war of the rebellion, and were honorably discharged therefrom, may be preferred
for appointment to office or employment in the service of the Commonwealth, or the
citi's thereof, without having passed any examination provided for by chapter three,
hundred and twenty of the acts of the year eighteen hundred and eighty-four, or bj'
the rules of the civil service commission made under the provisions of said act. Age,
loss of limb, or other physical impairment, which shall not in fact incapacitate, shall
not be deemed cause to disqualify under this act. But nothing herein contained
shall be construed to prevent such person from making application for such exami-
nation, or from taking such examination, provided they are entitled to do so under
the rules of said commission. — [Approved June 16, 1887.
DEPARTMENT OF RHODE ISLAND.
In April, 18G7, Colonel Frank J. Bramhall, Assistant Adjn-
tant-Cxeneral Dej^artment of New York and Aid-de-Camp to the
Commander-in-Chief, visited Providence to consult with a num-
ber of influential soldiers there, relative to establishing a Post of
the Grand Army. This resulted in the formation of Post No. 1
at Providence, which was chartered bearing date April 12th, 1867.
The charter was issued by General J. B. McKean, Grand Com-
mander, Department of New York, Senior Vice-Commander-in-
Chief, Grand Army of the Republic.
Department of Ehode Island. 419
The charter-members were Jas. Shaw, Jr., Nelson Viall, Elisha
H. Rhodes, Samuel A. Pierce, Jr., William E. Taber, William H,
Parkhurst, G. AV. Darling, T. J. Smith, Wm. V. Carr, Eclw. P.
Butts, Geo. B. Peck, William R. Calkins and A. B. Pond. General
Jas. Shaw, Jr., was elected Post Commander and Colonel E. H.
Rhodes, Adjutant. The Post afterwards adopted the name Pres-
COTT, in honor of Lieutenant Henry A. Prescott, who was killed
in the first battle of Bull Run, July 21, 1861.
General AVm. Sprague, Governor of Rhode Island 1860-63, had
as early as February, 1861, urged upon the President the neces-
sity for gathering troops at AVashington to defend the Capitol,
and offered the service of a full regiment of infantry and a battery
of six guns from Rhode Island for this purpose. His tender of
troops was declined at that time, but he was strongly impressed
with the necessity of keeping the State troops in readiness for
service.
Immediately following the attack on Sumter, Governor Sprague
responded to the call for soldiers, and at once went to AVashing-
ton with a regiment of infantry and a battery of artillery. The
regiment was under command of Colonel Ambrose E. Burnside.
Governor Sprague then returned to Rhode Island, organized a
second regiment and went into service with these regiments at the
first battle of Bull Run, where he was conspicuous for bravery in
action. In 1862 he was elected United States Senator, and so
served from 1863 to 1869.
On May 11, 1867, he was appointed Provisional Commander of
the Department of Rhode Island, Grand Army of the Republic,
and on August 1st announced on his staff. Assistant Adjutant-
General, Colonel C. T. Robbins, Post 12 ; Assistant Quartermas-
ter-General, Colonel W. H. Reynolds. General Nelson Viall,
Colonel E. H. Rhodes, General Geo. W. Tew, Captain W. E. Taber
and Lieutenant A. C. Eddy were appointed a Council of Adminis-
tration. The Department was divided into two Districts and
General Jas. Shaw, Jr., Post 1, and General Chas. H. Tompkins,
Post 6, were appointed District Commanders.
FIRST ENCAMPMENT.
A convention to organize the Department was held in Provi-
dence, March 24, 1868, with delegates present from Post 1, Provi-
dence ; Post 2, Newport ; Post 3, Central Falls ; Post 4, Bristol ;
420 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
Post 5, Ashaway ; Post 6, Westerly ; Post 7, East Greenwich ;
Post 8, Phenix ; Post 9, Woousocket ; Post 10, Providence, and
Post 11, Quiduick. Generals A. E. Burnside and "Wm. Sprague
were nominated for the positions of Grand Commander, and Gen-
eral Burnside was elected.
Annual Encampments have been held in Providence as fol-
lows : I. March 24, 1868 ; II. January 28, 1869 ; III. January 6,
1870 ; IV. January 20, 1871 ; V. January 16, 1872 ; VI. January
16, 1873 ; VII. January 15, 1874 ; VIII. January 13, 1875 ; IX.
January 19, 1876 ; X. January 24, 1877 ; XL January 30, 1878 ;
XII. January 20, 1879 ; XIII. January 22, 1880 ; XIV. January
27, 1881 ; XV. January 26, 1882 ; XVI. January 25, 1883 ; XVII.
January 24, 1884 ; XVIII. January 22, 1885 ; XIX. January 21,
1886 ; XX. January 28, 1887 ; XXL February 4, 1888.
The first semi-annual meeting was held in Providence, July 27,
1869, and on August 24, 1869, the Department entertained Presi-
dent Grant at Ocean Cottage. Meetings were held at Providence,
September 1, 1870, and August 31, 1871. On September 16, 1871,
the Department paraded at the dedication of the Soldiers and
Sailors Monument, at Providence. On September 6, 1872, Com-
mander-in-Chief Burnside was a guest of the DejDartment at
Rocky Point. On June 26, 1877, the Department handsomely en-
tertained the National Encampment. Nearly all the Commanders-
in-Chief have partaken of the hospitalities of the Department of
llhode Island.
COMMANDERS OF THE DEPARTMENT.
1867, Provisional, William Sprague ; 1868, *A. E. Burnside,
Post 4 (see Commander-in-Chief, Chapter X) ; 1869, Horatio
Kogers, Post 1 ; 1870-71, Chas. E. Braytou, Post 1 ; 1872-73,
Elisha H. Ilhodes, Post 1 (see Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief,
Chapter XVI) ; 1874-75, Edwin Metcalf, Post 1 ; Comrade Metcalf
resigned in April, 1875, and E. C. Pomroy, Post 1, was elected
to fill the vacancy; 1876, Chas. H. Williams, Post 10; 1877,
Henry J. Spooner, Post 12 ; 1878, Fred. A. Arnold, Post 1 ; 1879,
Honry E. Barker, Post 10; 1880, Chas. C. Gray, Post 1; 1881,
*W. H. P. Steere, Post 12 ; General Steere died August 25, 1882 ;
1882, Henry F. Jenks, Post 17 ; 1883, Philip S. Chase, Post 1 ;
* Dcoc'is'.C.
Depaktment op Ehode Island. 421
1884, Andrew K. McMahon, Post 5 ; 1885, Eugene A. Cory, Post
1 ; 1886, Theo. A. Barton, Post 10 ; 1887, Benj. L. Hall, Post 1 ;
1888, Gideon Spencer, Post 6.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1868, Wm. Ames, Post 1 ; 1869, *C. E. Brayton ; 1870, L. D.
Jenks, Post 9 ; 1871, Ira H. Parkis, Post 15 ; 1872, Henri E.
Bacon, Post 3 ; 1873, *E. C. Pomroy, Post 1 ; 1874-75, *Clias. H.
Williams ; 1876, Amos M. Bowen, Post 12 ; 1877, *F. A. Arnold ;
1878, *H. E. Barker ; 1879, *Clias. .C. Gray ; 1880-81, *Henry F.
Jenks ; 18S2, Jno. Delavan, Post 18 ; 1883, *Andrew K. McMahon ;
1884, *Eugene A. Cory ; 1885, *Theo. A. Barton ; 1886, *Benj.
L. Hall ; 1887, *Gideon Spencer ; 1888, Alonzo Williams, Post 10.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1868, Thos. Foy, Post 1 ; 1869, L. C. Tourtellott, Post 9 ; 1870,
Geo. T. Easterbrooks, Post 4 ; resigned May 9 ; succeeded by
tHenry E. Barker ; 1872, fE. C. Pomroy ; 1873, Geo. F. Crown-
ingshield. Post 3 ; 1874-75, Thos. Chambers, Post 2 ; 1876, tFred.
A. Arnold ; 1877, Edwin H. Knowles, Post 18 ; 1878, David E.
Howard, Post 13 ; 1879, S. E. Honey, Post 5 ; resigned June 14 ;
1879, Frank G. Allen, Post 10 ; 1880-81, John Delavan, Post 18 ;
1882, Davis Cook, Post 4 ; 1883, Frank E. Eich, Pest 18 ; 1884,
tT. A. Barton ; 1885, Alonzo E. Pierce, Post 17 ; 1886, tGideon
Spencer, Post 6 ; 1887, tAlonzo Williams, Post 10 ; 1888, Benj.
F. Davis, Post 17.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1868-71, Howard W. King, Post 1 ; 1872-73, Geo. W. Carr, Post
1 ; 1874-75, AV. H. Palmer, Post 10 ; 1876-78, Lester S. Hill, Post
1 ; 1879-82, Lorenzo Traver, Post 1 ; 1883-84, Willard H. Greene,
Post 4 ; 1885, John C. Budlong, Post 1 ; 1886-87, W. H. Traver,
Post 10; 1888, Chas. O. Ballon, Post L
CHAPLAINS.
1869, Eev. E. O. Bartlett, Post 10 ; 1870, S. W. Field, Post 12 ;
1871-72, Jas. B. Buffum, Post 1 ; 1873-74, Augustus Woodbury,
* To Department Commander. f To Senior Vice-Commander.
422 Gkand Army of the Republic.
Post 12 (see Cliaplain-in-Chief, Chapter XII); 1875-82, J. J.
Wooley, Post 17 ; 1883-85, D. C. Easton, Post 1 ; 1886-88, Fred-
eric Denison, Post 10.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
May 11, 1867, C. T. Bobbins, Post 1 ; March 24, 1868, Henry
Allen, Post 10 ; May 3, 1869, E. C. Pomroy, Post 1 ; July 20, 1869,
E. L. Hunt, Post 1 ; March 7, 1870, E. C. Pomroy, Post 1 ; May
2, 1870, J. L. Sherman, Post 10; September 30, 1871, E. H.
llhodes. Post 1 ; January 16," 1872, Philip S. Chase, Post 1 ; Sep-
tember 13, 1872-May 1, 1875, C. H. Barney, Post 1 ; May 1, 1875,
S. B. M. Bead, Post 1; November 1, 1875, Chas. R. Brayton, Post
1 ; January 1, 1876, J. L. Sherman, Post 10 ; February 22, 1876-77,
W. H. Palmer, Post 10 ; 1878-83, W. J. Bradford, Post 1 ; 1884,
W. R. Landers, Post 5 ; 1885, E. Henry Jenks, Post 1 ; 1886,
Peleg Macomber, Post 10 ; 1887-88, E. Henry Jenks, Post 1.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
March 24, 1868, W. H. Reynolds, Post 1 ; December 13, 1869,
A. C. Eddy, Post 4 ; January 23, 1871, Henry Allen, Post 10 ; Sep-
tember 30, 1871, E. C. Pomroy, Post 1 ; 1872-73, Amos M. Bowen,
Post 12 ; 1874^75, W. B. Westcott, Post 1 ; May 1, 1875, Fred. A.
Arnold, Post 1 ; February 22, 1876, H. R. Barker, Post 10 ; May
19, 1877, W. E. Clarke, Post 10 ; 1878-82, Edward Thayer, Post
17 ; 1883-84, C. Henry Alexander, Post 10 ; 1885, W. F. Hutchin-
son, Post 4 ; 1886, Frank A. Chase, Post 12 ; 1887, Wm. Millen,
Post 1 ; 1888, Jas. H. Fairbrother, Post 1.
INSPECTORS.
1868, Leland D. Jencks, Post 9 ; 1869, H. E. Bacon, Post 3 ;
August 30, 1869, Henry R. Barker, Post 10 ; 1870-71, AV. B. West-
cott, Post 1 ; 1872-73, T. A. Barton, Post 10 ; 1874, Gideon Spen-
cer, Post 10 ; May 19, 1877, G. M. Hunter, Post 2 ; 1878, J. Albert
Brown, Post 18 ; 1879-81, Theo. A. Barton, Post 10 ; 1882, Eugene
A. Cory, Post 1 ; 1883, Chas. G. A. Peterson, Post 4 ; 1884, E. F.
Mann, Post 4 ; 1885, A. A. Law, Post 18 ; 1886-87, James A. Ab-
bott, Post 1 ; 1888, G. Edward Allen, Post 10.
Department of Ehode Island. 423
judge- advocates.
January 23, 1871, Edwin Metcalf, Post 1 ; January 16, 1874, H.
J. Spooner, Post 12 ; May 19, 1877, N. P. S. Thomas, Post 12 ;
1878, S. R. Honey, Post 5 ; 1879, Ervin T. Case, Post 1 ; 1880,
Geo. N. Bliss, Post 12 ; 1881, D. R. Ballon, Post 12 ; 1882-84,
Joshua M. Addeman, Post 1 ; 1885, S. W. K. Allen, Post 6 ; 1886,
G. A. Wilbur, Post 9 ; 1887, Francello G. Jillson, Post 9 ; 1888, S.
M. K. Allen, Post 6.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICER
July 3, 1873, W. J. Bradford, Post 1 ; May 1, 1875, T. King
Cooke ; May 19, 1877, G. H. Pettis, Post 4 ; January 20, 1878, W.
W. Douglas, Post 12 (see Judge-Advocate-General, Chapter XI) ;
1878, Gilbert Wilson, Post 1 ; 1879-80, G. H. Pettis, Post 4 ; 1881,
Philip S. Chase, Post 1 ; 1882, John E. Burroughs, Post 10 ; 1883,
Geo. W. Cole, Post 17 ; 1884-86, B. P. Davis, Post 17 ; 1887-88,
Chas. H. Baker, Post 17.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1867— Nelson Viall, Post 1; E. H. Rhodes, Post 1 ; Geo. W.
Tew, Post 2 ; W. E. Taber, Post 1 ; A. C. Eddy, Post 6.
1868— Chas. Morgan, Post 1 ; T. W. Higginson, Post 2 ; Jas.
L. Sherman, Post 10 ; John M. Barker, Post 1 ; John Aigan,
Post 3.
1869— Chas. Morgan, re-elected ; E. C. Pomroy, Post 1 ; E. P.
Adams, Post 14 ; F. J. Lippitt, Post 12 ; William Johnson
Post 8.
1870— E. C. Pomroy, re-elected; Robt. T. Nicola, Post 13;
Ira H. Parkis, Post 15 ; E. G. Cundall, Post 5 ; Jas. Aborn,
Post 10.
1871 — Jas. Aborn, re-elected ; Geo. F. Crowningshield, Post
3 ; Wm. Millen, Post 1 ; Frank H. Wilks, Post 2 ; P. M. Barber,
2d, Post 5.
1872 — Jas. Aborn, G. F. Crowningshield, re-elected ; Thos.
Simpson, Post 1 ; Charles A. Barbour, Post 4 ; F. G. Jillson,
Post 9.
1873 — Thos. Simpson, Jas. Aborn, re-elected ; Israel N. Kib-
bee. Post 3 ; Thos. Chambers, Post 2 ; H. A. Frink, Post 6.
424 Gr.vnd Ahmy of the Kepublic.
1S74— Benj. L. H;ill, Post 1 ; Fred. A. Burt, Post 1 ; J. A.
Bullard, Post 3; J. E. Burroughs, Post 10; W. W. Douglas,
Post 12.
1875— Jas. H. Taylor, Post 2 ; N. P. S. Thomas, Post 12 ;
Henry 11. Barker, Post 10 ; G. F. Crowningshield, Post 17 ; Kobt.
F. Nicola, Post 13.
1876— John E. Lake, Post 2 ; F. D. Fisk, Post 17; E. H.
Knowles, Post 18 ; David E. Howard, Post 13 ; Hazard A. Key-
nolds, Post 1.
1877— F. D. Fisk, re-elected ; Overton S. Langley, Post 5 ;
David Small, Post 3 ; F. V. Helme, Post 13 ; Gideon Spencer,
Post 10.
1878— Gideon Spencer, F. V. Helme, re-elected ; E. T. W. Col-
lins, Post 1 ; E. AV. Hamilton, Post 17 ; M. J. Higgins, Post 4.
1879— E. W. Hamilton, M. J. Higgins, re-elected ; C. G. Stan-
ton, Post 18 ; W. H. Turner, Post 12 ; W. J. Crossley, Post 1.
1880— Davis Cook, 2d, Post 4 ; David E. Howard, Post 13 ; J.
F. Hanson, Post 10 ; Geo. H. Johnson, Post 15 ; Seth B. Kenny,
Post 3.
1881 — Davis Cook, John F. Hanson, Seth B. Kenny, re-elected ;
J. M. Barker, Post 11 ; W. D. Mason, Post 1.
1882— W. D. Mason, John F. Hanson, John M. Barker, re-
elected ; J. A. Brown, Post 18 ; David E. Howard, Post 13.
1883 — J. M. Barker, J. F. Hanson, re-elected ; Geo. A. Wal-
lace, Post 1 : John H. Francis, Post 13 ; Edward W. Greene,
Post 17.
1884 — G. A. Wallace, E. W. Greene, J. H. Francis, re-elected ;
John W. Sayles, Post 4 ; Peleg Macomber, Post 10.
1885 — G. A. Wallace, P. Macomber, re-elected ; Wm. H. Quinn,
Post 3 ; L. C. Tourtellotte, Post 9 ; Benj. Kinggold, Post 13.
1886— Wm. O. Thatcher, Post 9 ; Geo. W. Barry, Post 1 ; Geo.
Carmichael, Francis B. Butts, Post 8 ; Geo. T. Lanphear, Post 7.
1887— W. O. Thatcher, F. B. Butts, re-elected; Chas. H.
Hawley, Post 18 ; C. Henry Alexander, Post 10 ; Wm. Johnson,
Post 14.
1888— C. Henry Alexander, Frank B. Butts, Chas. H. Hawley,
re-elected ; W. H. Hamilton, Post 5 ; Geo. F. Cranston, Post 16.
Depaetment of Khode Island. 425
The Posts of this Department are located as follows : "
Prescott Post No. 1, Providence ; Burnside Post No. 2, Shan-
nock ; Ballon Post No. 3, Central Falls ; Arnold Post No. 4,
Providence ; C. E, Lawton Post No. 5, Newport ; Reno Post No,
6, East Greenwich ; Sedgwick Post No. 7 Peacedale ; Farragut
Post No. 8, Riverside ; Smith Post No. 9, Woonsocket ; Slocum
Post No. 10, Providence ; Thomas Post No. 11, Apponaug ; Rod-
man Post No. 12, Providence ; Ives Post No. 13, Providence ;
McGregor Post No. 14, Phenix ; Babbitt Post No. 15, Bristol ; C.
C. Baker Post No. 16, Wickford ; Tower Post No. 17, Pawtucket ;
Budlong Post No. 18, Westerly ; J. C. Nichols Post No. 19, Rock-
land ; Bucklin Post No. 20, East Providence ; General G. K. War-
ren Post No. 21, Newport.
DEPARTMENT PROCEEDINGS.
The Journal of the Department Encampments from 1867 to
1883, inclusive, has been lately printed under the supervision of a
committee appointed for that purpose. Past Department Com-
mander Philip S, Chase had special charge of the work. The
volume is one of 403 pages, with an index of 13 pages. Por-
traits are inserted of all the Department Commanders.
A Register of the Department giving the name and address of
each member of the Department and the regiment or vessel with
which he served during the rebellion, was published in 1888, by
Comrade Geo. H. Pettis, Providence.
MONUMENT TO GENERAL BURNSIDE.
A magnificent equestrian statue of General Ambrose E. Burn-
side has been erected in the " Campus Martins," Providence. The
pedestal is of granite, fifteen feet in height, and the bronze group
thirteen and a half feet. The total cost was $40,000, of which
sum $10,845,69 was contributed by the State of Rhode Island,
$5,000 by the city of Providence, in addition to expenses for curb-
ing, sidewalk, etc., and the balance was received from private sub-
scriptions.
The expenses of the dedication were borne by the State and
city, and the services on July 4, 1887, showed how deep-seated
was the esteem of the people of Rhode Island for their foremost
426 Grand Army of the Republic.
soldier. The Department of Rhode Island paraded on this occa-
sion with full ranks and Past Department Commander General
Horatio Rogers delivered the oration.
MEMORIAL HALLS.
Post No. 1, of Providence, inaugurated a movement for the
erection of a Memorial Hall in that city, for the use of the Grand
Army of the Republic and for the purpose of collecting and pre-
serving mementos and relics of the rebellion. Upon the sug-
gestion of the Department Commander, Posts in other localities
have taken similar action and it is expected that such memorial
halls will soon be erected in the different cities and towns of the
State.
STATE AID.
In 1885, the Commissioner of State Census reported 5,703 vet-
erans of the war living in Rhode Island ; of these, 5,194 had
been in the army, 497 served in the navy, and 12 in the marine
corps.
In April, 1885, the Legislature authorized the appointment of
a Commission to disburse relief to needy veterans and soldiers'
and sailors' widows and orphans. The Department Commander
is ex-officio Chairman, and the Adjutant-General of the State, Sec-
retary of this Commission. Seven members are appointed by
the Department Commander, subject to confirmation by the Gov-
ernor. S5,000 were appropriated for this purpose in 1885, and
$10,000 in 1886, with $5,000 additional for a teinporary Soldiers'
Home.
The Legislature has also enacted a laAv for the burial of
veterans who may die without leaving means for their honorable
interment.
MEMORIAL DAY.
Memorial Day was early constituted a legal holiday in this
State, and in each year since 1868 the Department has paraded on
that day, in the city of Providence, under charge of the Depart-
ment Commander and staff. The feature of religious services on
the Sunday preceding Memorial Day, now so generally observed,
originated with Comrade E. H. Rhodes when Department Com-
mander.
Department of Connecticut. 427
the grand army badge.
By an act of the Legislature passed May 6, 1887, " any person
not a member of the Grand Army of the Republic who shall wear
the button or badge of said Grand Army of the Republic, shall be
fined not exceeding twenty dollars."
DEPARTMENT OF CONNECTICUT.
At the parting dinner of the officers of the 1st Connecticut
Cavalry in New Haven, August 16, 1865, the suggestion was made
by the Lieutenant-Colonel of the regiment. Brevet Brigadier-
General E. W. Whitaker, that an organization be formed of the
honorably discharged soldiers and sailors of the State. On Octo-
ber 9th a circular was issued by Major William H. Mallory, as
Secretary, calling a meeting for this purpose in Hartford, on No-
vember 22, 1865. The circular stated that " the objects to be at-
tained by thus leaguing together those who have proved their
loyalty to the country in her hour of danger are sufficiently ap-
parent— to protect her interests, to keep alive and perpetuate the
glorious memories of the great battle for liberty just passed, and
to secure to ourselves and our children the fruits of the victory."
The constitution then adopted recited the further objects to be
" the renewal and maintenance of our acquaintance and friend-
ship, to aid and encourage all wise plans of the Government or of
private benevolence for the support and comfort of the families
of deceased soldiers or sailors, to assist worthy men to obtain
employment and improve their condition in life. In short, in all
just ways to act towards each other as brothers, and to stimu-
late genuine patriotism and unflinching loyalty in the entire com-
munity."
The association thus formed was named the Connecticut
United Service Club. General Edward Harland, of Norwich,
was elected President, with one Vice-President from each county
in the State, John M. Morris, New Haven, Secretary, and Geo.
P. Bissell, Hartford, Treasurer.
Early in February, 1867, General Harland, in company with
Colonel Hiram B. Crosby, went to New York City and there called
'128
GiiAND Army of the Eepublic.
General Edward Harland.
upon Colonel Rush C.
Hawkins, who initiated
them into the Grand Army
of the Republic. On their
return, Post No. 1 was
formed at Norwich, Feb-
ruary 15, 1867.
Post 2, Hartford (Na-
thaniel Lyon Post) was
chartered March 13, 1867.
Hs first meeting was held
in General Whitaker's of-
fice, February 28, 1867, and
on March 6, a number of
members were mustered in
the City Guard Armory by
Colonel F. J. Bramhal], As-
sistant Adjutant -General
Department of New York.
The charter members were Chas. T. Stanton, Jr., Geo. F. Bill,
B. F. Talcott, Jas. L. Bennett, Jr., E. W. Whitaker, Theo. G.
Ellis, J. S. Gilman, H. A. Pratt, Robt. H. Kellogg, Geo. A. Whit-
aker, John H. Burnham. General Theo. G. Ellis was elected Post
Commander.
General Harland invited a number of influential veterans from
different parts of the State to meet at Hartford, where he initiated
them into the Grand Army of the Republic, and these members
afterwards organized Posts at their several homes. A meeting
for the organization of the Department was held in Hartford,
April 11, 1867, and the following Posts were represented : Post 1,
Norwich, organized February 15, 1867 ; No. 2, Hartford, March
13 ; No. 3, Bridgeport, March 13 ; No. 4, Manchester, March 23 ;
No. 6, Middlotown, March 20 ; No. 7, Mystic Bridge, March 30.
General Harland was elected Grand Commander.
The State was divided into four districts, one for each Con-
gressional District, with District Commanders : No. 1, Theo. G.
Ellis, Hartford ; No. 2, Chas. L. Uphara, Meriden ; No. 3, H. B.
Crosby, Norwich ; No. 4, Wm. H. Noble, Bridgeport. Eighteen
Posts were represented at the second Encampment, lield in Hart-
ford, January 8, 1868, and twenty-six Posts at the semi-annual
meeting in New Haven, August 21, 1868.
Department of Connecticut. 429
At this meeting a resolution was adopted on motion of General
L. A. Dickinson, " that the introduction of partisan politics is
detrimental to the interests of the Order and contrary to the ob-
jects for which the Grand Army was created."
Meetings of the Department have been held as follows :
Convention at Hartford, April 11, 1867 ; I. January 8, 1868 ;
II. January, 27, 1869 ; III. January 26, 1870 ; IV. January 18,
1871 ; V. January 17, 1872— all in Hartford ; YI. January 15,
1873, New Britain ; VII. January 21, 1874, Norwich ; YIII." Jan-
uary 20, 1875, New Haven; IX. January 19, 1876, Bridgeport;
X. January 24, 1877, New Haven ; XI. January 30, 1878, West
Meriden ; XII. January 29, 1879, Hartford ; XIII. January 28,
1880, New Haven ; XIV. January 26, 1881, Meriden ; XV. Janu-
ary 25, 1882, New Haven; XVI. January 31, 1883, Hartford;
XVII. January 30, 1884, Middletown ; XVIII. January 28, 1885,
Bridgeport ; XIX. January 27, 1886, New Haven ; XX. Febru-
ary 3, 1887, Norwich ; XXI. February 7, 1888, Waterbury.
SEMI-ANNUAL MEETINGS.
August 21, 1868, New Haven ; July 28, 1869, Hartford ; July
27, 1870, Bridgeport ; July 23, 1873, New Haven ; July 23, 1874,
Meriden ; July 20, 1875, Hartford ; August 21, 1878, New Haven ;
August 30, 1880, Niantic ; August 16, 1882, New Haven.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1867, Edward Harland, Post 1, Norwich ; 1868-69, *Theo. G.
Ellis, Post 2, Hartford ; 1870-71, *William H. Mallory, Post 3,
Bridgeport ; died November 8, 1882 ; 1872-73, L. A. Dickinson,
Post 2, Hartford; 1874-75, Chas. J. Buckbee, Post 17, New
Haven (see Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Chap. XIV) ; 1876-
1877, W. E. Disbrow, Post 3, Bridgeport ; 1878, *Frank G. Otis,
Post 8, Meriden ; died August 10, 1878, and was succeeded by
Senior Vice-Commander Chas. E. Fowler ; 1879, *Chas. E. Fow-
ler, Post 17, New Haven ; died January 28, 1883 ; 1880, Geo. S.
Smith, Post 1, Norwich ; 1881, Alfred B. Beers, Post 3, Bridge-
port ; 1882, Ira E. Hicks, Post 11, New Britain (see Junior Vice-
Commander-in-Chief, Chap. XXIII) ; 1883, Isaac B. Hyatt, Post
8, Meriden; 1884, William Berry, Post 50, Hartford; 1885,
* Deceased.
430 Grand Army of the Republic.
Frank D. Sloat, Post 17, New Haven ; 1886, Jolm T. Crary, Post
1, Norwich; 1887, Henry E. Taintor, Post 50, Hartford (see
Judge-Advocate-General, Chapter XXY) ; 1888, Samuel B. Home,
Post 33, Winsted.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867, Edward ^Y. Whitaker, Post 2, Hartford ; 1868, Chas. L.
Upham, Post 8, Meriden ; 1869, *W. H. Mallory ; 1870, John E.
Ward, Post 1, Norwich ; 1871, J. J. Wooley, Post 8, Meriden ;
1872, W. H. Tubbs, Post 47, New London ; 1873, *C. J. Buckbee ;
1874^75, *W. E. Disbrow ; 1876-77, *F. G. Otis ; 1878, *Chas. E.
Fowler ; 1879, *Geo. S. Smith ; 1880, *A. B. Beers ; 1881, *Ira E.
Hicks ; 1882, *Isaac B. Hyatt ; 1883, *William Berry; 1884, *Frank
D. Sloat ; 1885, *Jno. T. Crary ; 1886, *H. E. Taintor ; 1887, *S.
B. Home ; 1888, W. H. Pierpont, Post 17, New Haven.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867, tC. L. Upham ; 1868, fW. H. Mallory ; 1869, fJohn E.
Ward ; 1870, John C. Broatch, Post 6, Middletown ; 1871, Bela P.
Learned, Post 1, NorAvich ; 1872, S. A. Granger, Post 33, Winsted ;
1873, tAV. E. Disbrow ; 1874, Joseph Selden, Post 1, Norwich ;
1875, tF. G. Otis ; 1876-77, tC. E. Fowler ; 1878, fGeo. S. Smith ;
1879, tA. B. Beers ; 1880, flra E. Hicks ; 1881, flsaac B. Hyatt ;
1882, tWm. Berry ; 1883, tF. D. Sloat ; 1884, fJohn T. Crary ;
1885, tH. E. Taintor ; 1886, tS. B. Home ; 1887, tW. H. Pierpont ;
1888, Geo. W. Keeler, Post 3, Bridgeport.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1868, O. W. Peck, Post 17, New Haven ; 1869, C. C. Clark,
Post 6, Middletown ; 1870-71, Nathan Mayer, Post 2, Hartford ;
1872-73, E. C. Newport, Post 8, Meriden; 1874, Melancthon
Storrs, Post 22, Hartford ; 1875, L. S. Luddington, Post 11, New
]3ritain ; 1876-77, J. N. Parker, Post 4, South Manchester ; 1878-
79, E. C. Newport, Post 8, Meriden ; 1880, E. L. Bissell, Post
17, New Haven ; 1881, Wm. C. Wile, Post 46, Sandy Hook ; 1882,
A. T. Douglas, Post 47, New London ; 1883-84, M. W. Robinson,
Post 9, Colchester ; 1885, Byron W. Muuson, Post 1, Bridgeport ;
1886, H. M. Bishop, Post 1, Norwich ; 1887-88, Henry P. Geib,
Post 23, Stamford.
♦ To Department Commander. f To Senior Vice-Commander.
Department of Connecticut. 431
chaplains.
1868-71, H. Clay Trumbull, Post 2, Hartford ; 1872, W. C.
Walker, Post 17, New Haven ; 1873, Geo. W. Gorliam, Post 25,
Chester ; 1874, L. S. Lmldington, Post 11, New Britain ; 1875,
W. R. Eastman, Post 16, Soutliington ; 1876-77, D. O. Ferris, Post
£, Bridgeport ; 1878-79, *F. T. De Bussy, Post 17, New Haven :
died Marcli 25, 1884 ; 1880-83, J. W. Davis, Post 49, Waterbury ;
1884-85, E. F. Atwood, Post 60, East Canaan ; 1886-87, Edward
Anderson, Post 12, Norwalk (see Chaplain-in-Cliief, Chapter
XXVI) ; 1888, Jos. H. Twichell, Post 50, Hartford.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1867, Bela P. Learned, Post 1, Norwich ; 1868, Robt. H. Kel-
logg, Post 2, Hartford ; 1869-73, Henry E. Taintor, Post 22, Hart-
ford ; 1874-76, Chas. E. Fowler, Post 17, New Haven ; 1877-78, J.
W. Knowlton, Post 3, Bridgeport ; 1879, Frank A. Chase, Post
17, New Haven ; 1880, Wm. T. Cook, Post 1, Norwich ; 1881, Geo.
W. Keeler, Post 3, Bridgeport ; 1882-84, Henry E. Taintor, Post
50, Hartford ; 1885, W. H. Stowe, Post 17, New Haven ; 1886,
Amos D. Allen, Post 1, Norwich ; 1887-88, John H. Thacher, Post
50, Hartford.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1867, Chas. M. Coit, Post 1, Norwich ; 1868-71, tL. A. Dickin-
son, Post 2, Hartford ; 1872-73, B. F. Blakeslee, Post 2, Hart-
ford ; 1874, Abner A. Smith, Post 17, New Haven ; 1875, John
McCarthy, Post 17, New Haven ; 1876-77, Geo. A. Staples, Post 3,
Bridgeport ; 1878-79, C. C. Kinne, Post 8, Meriden ; 1880, Chas.
Griswold, Post 42, Guilford; 1881, Geo. A. Staples, Post 3,
Bridgeport; 1882-86, W. H. Pierpont, Post 17, New Haven;
1887-88, Wm. E. Morgan, Post 17, New Haven.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1870-73, Louis N. Middlebrook, Post 3, Bridgeport ; 1874, H.
Lynde Harrison, Post 42, Guilford ; 1875, H. E. Taintor, Post 22,
Hartford ; 187c-77, V. B. Chamberlain, Post 11, New Britain ;
1878-80, H. C. Baldwin, Post 43, Naugatuck ; 1881, Geo. C. Rip-
ley, Post 1, Norwich ; 1882, Samuel B. Home, Post 33, West
Winsted ; 1883, J. D. Plunkett, Post 17, New Haven ; 1884, V. B.
* Deceased. t To Department Commander.
432 Grand Army of the Republic.
Cliamberlain, Post 11, New Britain ; 1885, Frank W. Perry,
Post 12, Norwalk ; 1886, Samuel H. Seward, Post 54, Putnam ;
1887, E. O. Dimock. Post 71, Rockville ; 1888, A. H. Fenn, Post
33, Winsted,
INSPECTORS.
1868, Bela P. Learned, Post 1, Norwich ; 1869-70, Chas. E.
Fowler, Post 17, NeAv Haven ; 1871, M. A. Butricks, Post 17, New
Haven ; 1872-73, C. S. Gallager, Post 8, Merideu ; 1874-75, Frank
D. Brewster, Post 6, Middletown ; 1876, Geo. S. Smith, Post 1, Nor-
wich ; 1877, Chas. H. Hawley, Post 2, Hartford ; 1878-79, Ira E.
Hicks, Post 11, New Britain ; 1880, Isaac B. Hyatt, Post 8, Meri-
den ; 1881, William Berry, Post 50, Hartford ; 1882, F. D. Sloat,
Post 17, New Haven ; 1883, John T. Crary, Post 1, Norwich ; 1884,
Geo. W. Keeler, Post 3, Bridgeport ; 1885, D. F. Chadeayne, Post
26, Birmingham ; 1886, Wilbur F. Rogers, Post 8, Meriden ; 1887,
Daniel Keifer, Post 49, Waterbury ; 1888, Christian Quien, Post
18, Daubury.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1876-77, Ezra Sprague, Post 26, Derby ; 1878-79, P. W. Hud-
son, Post 45, Manchester ; 1880, Jas. Ryder, Post 18, Danbury ;
1881, Frank D. Sloat, Post 17, New Haven ; 1882, John T. Crary,
Post 1, Norwich ; 1883, Geo. ^Y. Keeler, Post 3, Bridgeport; 1884,
T. E. Hawley, Post 57, Forestville ; 1885, B. E. Smith, Post 30,
Willimantic ; 1886, William B. Rudd, Post 58, Lakeville ; 1887,
Wm. H. Tubbs, Post 47, New London ; 1888, John C. Broatch,
Post 53, Middletown.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1867— T. J. Gilbert, Post 17, New Haven ; Edward J. Rice,
Post 9, Waterbury ; H. C. Dwight, Post 2, Hartford ; John
Thompson, Post 6, Middletown ; Wm. H. Noble, Post 3, Bridge-
port.
1868— Nathan Mayer, Post 2, Hartford ; J. J. Wooley, Post 8,
Meriden ; John E, Ward, Post 1, Norwich ; L. N. Middlebrook,
Post 3, Bridgeport.
1869— L. N. Middle})rook, re-elected ; John C. Broatch, Post
6, Middletown ; Wm. E. Hyde, Post 27, Dauielsonville ; E. Perry
Packer,J.^ost 28, South Coventry ; A. S. Gear.
Depaetment of Connecticut. 433
1870— W. E. Hyde, E. Perry Packer, re-elected ; E. L. Good-
win, Post 11, New Britain ; M. A. Butricks, Post 17, New Haven ;
S. A. Granger, Post 33, Winsted.
1871 — S. A. Granger, re-elected ; P. W. Ambler, Post 18, Dan-
bury ; C. J. Buckbee, Post 17, New Haven ; W. H. Tubbs, Post
47, New London ; F. J, Seymour, Post 34, Wolcottville.
1872— F. D. Brewster, Post 6, Middletown ; P. P. Wilson, Post
35, Putnam ; Clias. H. Corvey, South Coventry ; K. S. Beers, Post
3, Bridgeport ; O. F. Lathrop, Post 26, Birmingham.
1873— Chas. Burton, Post 27, Danielsonville ; F. M. Lovejoy,
Post 17, NeAv Haven ; H. M. Durfey, Post 1, Norwich ; E. L.
Goodwin, Post 11, New Britain ; A. B. Beers, Post 3, Bridge-
port.
1874— E. L. Goodwin, re-elected ; H. M. Calder, Post 33, West
Winsted ; C. L. Upliam, Post 8, Meriden ; Henry Hough, Post 27,
Danielsonville ; W. S. Clark, Post 25, Chester.
1875— E. L. Goodwin, H. M. Calder, re-elected ; H. S. Stevens,
Post 6, Middletown ; W. A. Thompson, Post 1, Norwich ; P. P.
Wilson, Post 35, Putnam.
1876— H. M. Calder, re-elected ; E. H. Kellogg, Post 4, Man-
chester ; J. AV. Buckingham, Post 39, Milford ; H. N. Fanton, Post
18, Danbury ; S. R. Knapp, Post 1, Norwich.
1877— R. H. Kellogg, H. M. Calder, J. W. Buckingham, re-
elected ; E. L. Goodwin, Post 11, New Britain ; H. M. Durfey,
Post 1, Norwich.
1878-79— H. M. Durfey, re-elected ; John McCarthy, Post 17,
New Haven ; Jas. R. Sloan, Post 2, Hartford ; Chas. E. Moore,
Post 3, Bridgeport ; C. L. Hewitt, Post 33, West Winsted.
1880— H. M. Durfey, re-elected; Wallace A. Miles, Post 8,
Meriden ; H. E. Taintor, Post 50, Hartford ; John L. Saxe, Post
49, Waterbury ; Geo. Havens, Post 47, Ncav London.
1881 — H. E. Taintor, Geo. Havens, re-elected ; John McCar-
thy, Post 17, New Haven ; Jas. Ryder, Post 19, Danbury ; Caleb
Wood, Post 48, South Norwalk.
1882— John McCarthy, re-elected ; H. M. Durfey, Post 1, Nor-
wich ; Geo. Bobbins, Post 49, Waterbury ; Lewis S. Logan, Post
3, Bridgeport ; Robert H. Kellogg, Post 4, South Manchester.
1883 — H. M. Durfey, Geo. Robbins, re-elected ; Fred. E. Camp,
38
434 Grand Army of the Republic.
Post 53, MicMletown ; Fred. L. Warren, Post 3, Bridgeport ; Chris-
tian Quieu, Post 18, Danbury.
1884— H. M. Durfey, Fred. E. Camp, F. L. Warren, re-elected ;
E. A. Belden, Post 18, Danbury ; S. A. Seward, Post 54, Put-
nam.
1885 — Fred. E. Camp, F. L. Warren, R. A. Belden, re-elected ;
Simeon J. Fox, Post 17, New Haven ; Chas. H. Beaton, Post 11,
New Britain.
1886— Fred. E. Camp, F. L. Warren, re-elected ; H. M. Dur
fey, Post 1, Norwich ; Nelson J. Smith, Post 18, Danbury ; Geo.
M. White, Post 17, New Haven.
1887— Geo. M. White, H. M. Durfey, re-elected ; E. O. Puffer,
Post 8, Meriden ; R. A. Belden, Post 18, Danbury ; A. G. Cran-
dall. Post 30, Willimantic.
1888— H. M. Durfey, E. O. Puffer, R. A. Belden, re-elected ;
W. H. Gladden, Post 11, New Britain ; F. A. Spencer, Post 49,
Waterbury.
fitch's home for soldiers.
Benjamin Fitch, of Darien, Connecticut, was one of the most
patriotic men in that State. During the rebellion he contributed
largely of his means to sustain the Government in many ways, and
in addition, established, on a farm owned by him at Norotou, a
Home for Soldiers' Orphans, where, at his own expense, he main-
tained over 300 children until they had each reached sixteen
years of age.
After these orphans had been thus provided for, he generously
donated the grounds and buildings, with an Art Gallery contain^
ing a fine collection of paintings, to the State, for a Soldiers'
Home.
Upon the death of Mr. Fitch, November 7, 1883, the Home was
conducted by trustees until it was placed under the jurisdiction
of the Connecticut Soldiers' Hospital Board.
In 1886, the State contributed $15,000, to enlarge the capacity
of the Home. The Governor, Adjutant-General and Surgeon-
General of the State are ex-officio members of the Board, and
Past Department Commanders L. A. Dickinson and A. B. Beers,
and Comrade Geo. M. White represent the Grand Army.
The largest number cared for in 1887 was 178. There are
Department of Connecticut. 435
now (1888) 131 inmates, the oldest 92 years of age and the young-
est 41. Cost of maintenance about $150 per capita per annum.
Ex-soldiers, sailors or marines requiring hospital treatment
must be received and cared for in any of the general hospitals at
the expense of the State.
SOLDIERS AND SAILORS ORPHANS.
By Act of Legislature, approved June 30, 1868, amended July
24, 1868, provision is made for assisting children under the age of
fourteen years who have no other adequate means of support,
whose father served as a Connecticut soldier or enlisted from
Connecticut in the United States navy in the war for the suppres-
sion of the rebellion, and died from wounds received or disease
contracted in the service.
During the past three years over $17,000 has been so dis-
bursed.
BURIAL.
By Act approved April 19, 1883, provision is made for burial,
at the expense of the State, of veterans who may die without leav-
ing sufficient means for their honorable interment. $35 is allowed
for funeral expenses and $15 for a headstone.
The interment is not to be in any cemetery or plot used ex-
clusively for burial of the pauper dead.
MEMORIAL DAY.
Memorial Day was made a legal holiday in Connecticut by Act
of the Legislature in 1874.
GRAND ARMY BADGE.
By Act of the Legislature, in 1887, the wearing of the badge
of the Grand Army of the Republic by unauthorized persons was
made a misdemeanor, punishable by fine, not exceeding $25, or
imprisonment not exceeding 30 days, or by both such fine and im-
prisonment.
exemption from taxation.
Property of all honorably discharged veterans or of pensioned
widows or mothers to the extent of $1,000 is exempted from taxa-
tion, and to the amount of $3,000 for any soldier or sailor who
lost a limb in the service during the rebellion.
436
Grand Army of the Eepublic.
THE HARTFORD SOLDIERS* MEMORIAL.
This Memorial, designed by Geo. Keller, of Hartford, and
costing ;^60,000, voted by the city, is in the form of an arch and is
located on Bushnell Park. The arch springs from and connects
two massive ronud towers, sixty-seven feet in circnmference, sixty
feet high, and thirty feet apart, rising from the parapets of the
bridge, and crowned by conical roofs with Avinged figures sur-
mounting the vertices. The monument is entirely surrounded
above the arch by a frieze six and one-half feet in breadth and
one hundred and seventy-five feet long, filled with bas-reliefs of
military and naval figures — infantry, cavalry, artillery and sailors.
Upon the round surfaces of each of the towers, facing the park,
the river and the bridge, are three symbolic figures standing on
enriched corbels and covered with carved stone canopies. Circu-
lar stairs inside the east tower lead to a gallery at the top over-
looking the Park, protected by a parapet having the seal of Hart-
ford on its face. The monument is of Portland brown-stone,
relieved by l)uff-colored terra-cotta or hammered stone dressings
and frieze.
CHAPTER XXVIIT.
THE MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES
INCLUDING
NEW YORK. NEW JERSEY, PENNSYLVANIA. DELAWARE. MARY-
LAND, AND THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.
DEPARTMENT OF NEW YORK.
A yerj strong political association of veterans was formed in
the fall of 1865, in the State of New York, under the title of the
Soldiers and Sailors Union. A State organization was effected
in April, 1866, with General J. B. Carr, Troy, as President.
Another meeting was held in Syracuse, September 19, 1866,
when representatives were present from sixty subordinate Unions.
Colonel James B. McKean was then elected President, and a dele-
gation was chosen to attend the Pittsburgh Convention on Sep-
tember 24 (see page 26), where a number of the delegates were
initiated into the Grand Army of the Republic.
Colonel McKean attended the Indianapolis Encampment, No-
vember 20, and was elected Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief.
(See portrait and biography. Chapter V).
He was also appointed Provisional Commander of New York,
and assumed command December 1, 1866. On December 6, Col-
onel Frank J. Bramhall was appointed Assistant Adjutant-Gen-
eral, and Lieutenant Dunnelle Van Schaick, Aid-de-Camp. Colonel
Bramhall had been previously (October 6) appointed Aid-de-Camp
to the Commander-in-Chief.
They at once entered on the work of organizing Posts, ren-
dered then comparatively easy by the prior institution of the
subordinate Unions of the Soldiers and Sailors Union, which
were absorbed into the Grand Army of the Republic.
Two Posts had been previously organized by Colonel Gilbert
S. Jennings, United States Army, retired, of Rochester, under au-
L437J
438
Grand Army of the Eepublic.
Colonel Frank J. Bramhall.
thority conferred by the De-
partment of Illinois, name-
ly, Post No. 1, at Iloclies-
ter, and No. 2, at Buffalo.
The exact date of the
muster of Post 1 is not
known, its records of the
earlier meetings having
been lost. W. S. Grant-
syn, Kalph O. Ives, Chas.
H. Fenn, J. A. Eeynolds
and William H. Cronnell,
with two others, were the
charter-members. W. S.
Grantsyn was elected Post
Commander, and Ralph O.
Ives, Adjutant.
Post No. 2, at Buffalo, was organized within a few days there-
after, General W. F. Rogers, Post Commander.
A Convention to organize the Department was held in Albany,
April 8, 1867, and Provisional Commander McKean, Assistant
Adjutant-General Bramhall, Assistant Inspector-General Geo. T.
Stevens, and Chas. R. Knowles, of Albany, were made the officers
of the Convention. Twenty-five delegates, representing sixteen of
the twenty-four Posts then chartered, were present.
Colonel McKean was elected Grand Commander ; General W.
F. Rogers, Buffalo, Senior Vice-Commander ; James M. Gere,
Syracuse, Junior Yice-Commander ; Colonel Frank J. Bramhall,
Assistant Adjutant-General, and Colonel Geo. F. Hopper, New
York City, Assistant Quartermaster-General.
The work of organization was carried on through the year
with spirit and system, and, owing to the laxity heretofore re-
ferred to at National Headquarters, Colonel McKean found it nec-
essary, as Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief of the Order, to issue
charters and supplies for Posts in other States. Such charters
were also signed by Colonel Bramhall, as Aid-de-Camp to the
Commander-in-Chief.
General Daniel E, Sickles succeeded Colonel McKean as Grand
Commander, and so served until appointed Envoy Extraordi-
nary and Minister- Plenij)otentiary to the Court of S^Jaiu, iu
June, 1869.
Department of New York. 439
Meetings have been held and officers elected or appointed in
the Department of New York as follows :
ANNUAL ENCAMPMENTS.
I. April 3, 1867, Albany ; II. January 7, 1868, Albany ; III.
January 14, 1869, New York City ; lY. January 19, 1870, Bing-
hamton ; Y. January 26, 1871, Syracuse ; YI. January 19, 1872,
New York City ; YII. January 22, 1873, Elmira ; YIII. January
21, 1874, Utica ; IX. January 20, 1875, Eochester ; X. January 25,
1876, Albany ; XI. January 24, 1877, New York City ; XII. Jan-
uary 23, 1878, Utica ; XIII. January 22, 1879, Bath ; XIV. Jan-
uary 28, 1880, Auburn ; XY. January 26, 1881, Binghamton ;
XYI. January 25, 1882, Syracuse ; XYII. January 24, 1883, Troy ;
XYIII. January 30, 1884, Rochester ; XIX. February 4, 1885,
Utica ; XX. April 21, 1886, New York City ; XXI. February 23,
1887, Albany ; XXII. February 22, 1888, Syracuse.
SEMI-ANNUAL ENCAMPMENTS.
July 27, 1870, Buffalo ; July 19, 1871, Geneva ; July 31, 1872,
Auburn ; July 23, 1873, Troy ; August 4, 1875, Norwich ; August
2-3, 1876, Yonkers ; June 12, 1877, Bath ; July 29, 1879, Ithaca ;
July 28, 1880, Brooklyn ; July 27, 1881, Seneca Falls ; June 28,
1882, Saratoga ; June 27, 1883, Bath ; July 4, 1884, Buffalo.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1866, Provisional, *Jas. B. McKean, Saratoga ; 1867, Jas. B.
McKean (see Senior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, Chapter Y) ;
1868-69, Daniel E. Sickles, Post 8, New York ; on June 30, 1869,
was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary to Spain, and turned over
command of the Department to Senior Yice-Commander Edward
B. Lansing, Post 45, Auburn ; 1870, *E. B. Lansing ; resigned
July 6 ; succeeded by Senior Yice-Commander Jno. C. Robinson
(see Commander-in-Chief, Chapter XYI) ; 1871-72, Henry A.
Barnum, Post 7, New York City ; 1873, S. P. Corliss, Post 121,
Albany ; 1874, Edward Jardine, Post 100, New York City ; re-
signed on account of receiving a, nomination in his District for
Congress ; Senior Yice-Commander Jno. Palmer was elected to
* Deceased.
440 Grand Army of the Republic.
fill the yacancy ; 1875, Jno. Palmer, Post 5, Albany (see Senior
Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Chapter XYIII) ; 1876-77, James Tan-
ner, Post 10, Brooklyn ; 1878, W. R Rogers, Post 9, Buffalo (see
Inspector-General, Chapter XIV) ; 1879, *Jas. McQuade, Post 53,
Utica ; died March £5, 1885 ; 1880, L. Coe Young, Post 80, Bing-
hamton ; 1881, *Abram Merritt, Post 82, Nyack ; died Aj^ril 20,
1888; 1882, Jas. S. Eraser, Post 29, New York City; 1883, John A.
Reynolds, Post 1, Rochester ; 1884, Ira M. Hedges, Post 179, Hav-
erstraw (see Insj^ector-General, Chapter XXV) ; 1885, H. Clay
Hall, Post 19, Little Falls ; 1886, Joseph I. Sayles, Post 47, Rome ;
1887, Geo. H. Treadwell, Post 121, Albany ; 1888, N. Martin Cur-
tis, Post 354, Ogdensburg.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867, tW. F. Rogers; 1868, James M. Gere; 1869, tEd-
ward B. Lansing ; 1870, tJno. C. Robinson ; July 6, to De-
partment Commander, vice Lansing, resigned ; 1871-72, fJolm
A. Reynolds; 1873, Samuel Minnes, Post 29, New York City;
1874, tJohn Palmer ; 1875, Joseph Egolf, Post 34, Troy ; 1876,
John G. Copley, Post 6, Elmira ; 1877-78, Constantine Nitzsche,
Post 32, New York City ; 1879, Jacob Welsing, Post 62, New
York City ; 1880, Henry Osterheld, Post 60, Yonkers ; 1881, John
E. Savery, Post 45, Auburn ; 1882, Robert Keith, Post 34, Troy ;
1883, tH. Clay Hall ; 1884, L. P. Thompson, Post 7, Phelps ;
1885, C. W. Cowtan, Post 197, Brooklyn ; 1886, C. A. Orr, Post 2,
Buffalo ; 1887, Jos. P. Cleary, Post 397, Rochester ; 1888, Chas. H.
Freeman, Post 276, Corning.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867, tJames M. Gere ; 1868, Bradley Winslow, Post 15, Water-
town ; 1869, *V. Krzyanowski, Post 32, New York City ; 1870,
:Jno. A. Reynolds ; July 7, 1S70, Jno. W. Marshall, Post 36, New
York City, vice Reynolds, promoted Senior Vice-Commander ;
1871-72, Willard Bullard, Post S, New York City ; 1873, A. B.
Lawrence, Post 130, Warsaw ; 1874, |Joseph Egolf ; 1875-76,
Edwin J. Loomis, Post 83, Norwich ; 1877, Robt. H. McCormic,
Post 5, Albany ; 1878, Geo. H. Treadwell (to Department Com-
mander, 1887) ; 1879, J. Marshall Guion, Post 78, Seneca Falls ;
1880, James F. Fitts, Post 76, Lockport ; 1881, Dennis Sullivan,
Deceased. \ To Department Commander. ^ To Senior Vice Commander.
Department op New York. 441
Post 113, New York City; 1882, Edwin Goodrich, Post 129, Tona-
wanda ; 1883, Frank Z. Jones, Post 212, Newburgh ; 1884, J. C.
Carlyle, Post 24, New York City ; 1885, W. B. Stoddard, Post 83,
Norwich; 1886, G. S. Conger, Post 56, Lee Centre; 1887, C.
Hull Grant, Post 16, Brooklyn ; 1888, Eobert Wilson, Post 589,
Newburgb.
medical directors.
1868, Edwin Hutchinson, Post 53, Utica ; 1869-71, John Howe,
Post 36, New York City ; 1872-73, *Hans Powell, Post 113, New
York City; resigned ; elected Surgeon-General (see Chapter XII) ;
1874, C. M. Woodward, Post 72, Waterloo ; resigned ; succeeded
by Jas. L. Watson, Post 10, Brooklyn (see Surgeon-General, Chap-
ter XV) ; 1876, M. H. Picot, Post 94, Geneva ; 1877, Nelson Place,
Jr., Post 113, New York City; 1878-79, J. E. Seeley, Post 1, Eoch-
ester ; 1880, C. Henry King]^ Post 112, Stapleton ; 1881, Geo. S.
Little, Post 10, Brooklyn ; 1882-83, William H. Hall, Post 92,
Saratoga ; 1884, J. H. Dye, Post 2, Buffalo ; 1885, W. J. Cronyn,
Post 393, Dunkirk ; 1886, William Balser, Post 32, New York
City ; 1887, Daniel Lewis, Post 44, New York City; 1888, Wm. H.
Harlin, Post 534, Brooklyn.
CHAPLAINS.
1868, Wm. Gland Bourne, Post 8, New York City ; 1869, T. J.
Morgan, Post 1, Rochester ; 1870-72, J. H. Barnard, Post 45, Au-
burn ; 1873, E. F. Crane, Post 6, Elmira ; 1874-75, H. J. Eddy,
Post 7, Syracuse ; 1876, E. C. Pritchett, Post 31, New York Mills ;
1877-79, Jno. H. Barnard, Post 83, Norwich ; 1880, Jas. P. Foster,
Post 99, Newark ; 1881, Isaac M. Foster, Post 7, Phelps (to Chap-
lain-in-Chief, Chapter XXI); 1882, E. P. Edgerton, Post 117,
Sing Sing ; 1883, J. H. Gunning, Post 253, Nyack ; 1884, S. S.
Ballon, Post 229, Pike ; 1885, E. L. Allen, Post 168, Highland ;
1886, Asa C. S. Fiske, Post 41, Ithaca ; 1887-88, J. R. B. Smith,
Post 519, Kingston.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1866-67, Frank J. Bramhall, New York City ; 1868-70, *James
L. Farley, Post 10, Brooklyn (see Adjutant-General, Chapter
XVI) ; 1871, Jno. W. Marshall, Post 36, New York City ; resigned
* Deceased.
442 Grand Army of the EEPUBLir;.
November 10 ; succeeded by F. M. Clark, Post 29, New York City;
resigned May 3, 1873 ; succeeded by Joliii K. Perley, Post 100, New
York City, who resigned April 7, 1874, and was succeeded by J. C.
J. Langbein, Post 100, New York City; 1875, Wm. H. Terrell, Post
5, Albany; 1876-77, Geo. B. Squires, Post 10, Brooklyn (see Judge-
Advocate-General, Chapter XIX) ; 1878, H. E. Stambach, Post 87,
Buffalo ; 1879, A. H. Nash, Post 94, Geneva ; 1880-81, Wm. Blasie,
Post 5, Albany ; 1882, Geo. F. Hopper, Post 24, New York City ;
1883, Joseph A. Adlington, Post 1, Eochester ; 1884, Geo. B.
Squires, Post 327, Brooklyn ; 1885-86, O. P. Clarke, Post 36,
Utica ; 1887, W. A. Wallace, Post 63, Albany; 1888, William Todd,
Post 63, Albany.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1867-70, Geo. F. Hopper, Post 24, New York City ; 1871-73,
Jos. Forbes, Post 13, New York City; 1874, B. F. Finley, Post 24,
New York City; 1875, Geo. H. Treadwell, Post 121, Albany; 1876-
77, E. W. Brueninghausen, Post 32, New York City ; 1878, G. W.
Flynn, Post 9, Buffalo ; 1879, Jno. F. Little, Post 81, Bath ; 1880,
A. S. Wood, Post 55, Wolcott ; 1881, E. Loughran, Post 127,
Kingston ; 1882, Chas. Semsey, Post 32, New York City ; 1883,
Milton H. Smith, Post 4, Eochester; 1884, Horatio N. Wood,
Post 179, Haverstraw ; 1885, John H. Walker, Post 10, Brooklyn ;
resigned ; succeeded by Jos. S. Cavandy, Post 499, Brooklyn ; 1886,
John Kohler, Post 53, Utica ; 1887, S. P. Corliss, Post 121, Albany;
1888, Chas. H. Ballon, Post 36, Utica.
INSPECTORS.
1866, Geo. T. Stevens, Post 5, Albany; 1867, Chas E. Knowles,
Post 5, Albany ; 1868, Edward E. Kendrick, Post 8, New York ;
1869, E. A. Ludwick, Post 5, Albany ; resigned July 2 ; succeeded
by *C. W. Crocker, Post 45, Auburn ; 1870, James Jourdan, Post
22, Havana ; resigned July 2 ; succeeded by E. C. Parkinson, Post
10, Brooklyn ; 1871-72, C. A. Wells, Post 33, Middletown ; 1873,
AVm. Eiley, Post 60, Yonkers ; 1874-77, E. C. Parkinson, Post 84,
Brooklyn ; 1878, J. Peattie, Post 53, Utica ; 1879, Albert H. Mills,
Post 19, Little Falls ; 1880, B. T. Wright, Post 98, Cortland ; 1881,
Fred. Cocheu, Post 21, Brooklyn ; 1882, Frank M. Clark, Post
* Deceased.
Department of New York. 443
11, New York City ; resigned July, 1882 ; succeeded by Geo. A.
Cantine, Post 47, Kome ; 1883-84, Jas. S. Graham, Post 4, Roch-
ester ; 1885, Jos. Egolf, Post 34, Troy; 1886, F. Z. Jones, Post 48,
Matteawan ; 1887, A. H. Spierre, Post 121, Albany ; 1888, Richard
Dunn, Post 151, Syracuse.
judge- ADVOCATES.
1868-70, Henry E. Tremaine, Post 8, New York City ; 1871, D.
C. Stoddard, Post 53, Utica ; 1872, Benj. A. Willis, Post 79, New
York City; 1873-74, Leander W. Fiske, Post 73, Booneville ; 1876,
Seymour Dexter, Post 6, Elmira ; 1877, H. H. Rockwell, Post 6,
Elmira ; 1878, Alvanus W. Sheldon, Post 24, New York City; 1879,
Richard H. Schooley, Post 1, Rochester ; 1880, H. E. Tremaine,
Post 8, New York City ; 1881, H. Clay Hall, Post 19, Little Falls ;
1882, N. Dean Maffet, Post 30, Binghamton ; 1883, Harlan J.
Swift, Post 183, Cuba ; 1884, W. C. Reddy, Post 143, New York
City ; 1885, Jos. I. Sayles, Post 47, Rome ; 1886, Walter Ballon,
Post 97, Booneville ; 1887, Lewis E. Griffin, Post 34, Troy ; 1888,
Horatio C. King, Post 499, Brooklyn.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1874-75, Jas. E. Curtiss, Post 19, Little Falls ; 1876-77, Chas.
L. Hedge, Post 9, Buffalo; 1878, Samuel V. Owens, Post 3, Brook-
lyn ; 1879, Henry C. Perley, Post 44, New York City ; succeeded
by John E. Colville ; 1880, Jas. W. Webb, Post 10, Brooklyn ;
1881, John D. Leib, Post 2, Buffalo ; 1882, Wm. E. Palmer, Post
76, Lockport ; 1883, W. W. Robacher, Post 29, New York City ;
1884, Robt. Keith, Post 34, Troy ; 1885, F. Z. Jones, Post 48,
Matteawan ; 1886, J. S. Cavandy, Post 499, Brooklyn ; 1887, G^o.
W. Davey, Post 5, Albany ; 1888, J. Wesley Smith, Post 96, New
York City.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1867— John W. Marshall, Post 38, New York City ; Theo. B.
Gates, New York City ; Geo. T. Stevens, Post 5, Albany ; Bradley
Winslow, Post 15, Watertown ; AVilliam Irvine, Post 6, Elmira.
1868— John W. Marshall, re-elected ; Geo. W. Warren, Post 5,
Albany ; Wm. DeLacy, Post £4, Troy ; John B. Weber, Post 2,
Buffalo ; John P. Short, Post 35, Brooklyn.
444 Grand Army of the Republic.
1869 — John P. Short, re-elected ; John Palmer, Post 5, Albany;
T\'m. S. Young, Post 17, Gloversville ; Geo. D. Weeks, Post 4,
Brooklyn ; AVni. H. Corsa, Post 28, Haverstraw.
1870— John P. Short, Geo. D. Weeks, re-elected ; A. H. Mulli-
gan, Post 79, New York City ; Alonzo Alden, Post 34, Troy ; Jno.
\V. Marshall ; promoted Senior Yice-Commander ; succeeded by
L, H. Rowan, Post 10, Brooklyn.
1871- — L. H. Rowan, re-elected ; John T. Long, Post 2, Buffalo ;
H. W. Hughes, Post 35, Brooklyn ; Constantine Nitzsche, Post
32, New York City ; Louis R. Stegman, Post 11, New York City.
1872^ — Louis H. Rowan, C. Nitzsche, re-elected ; Stephen P.
Corliss, Post 121, Albany ; Jos. C. Pinckney, Post 79, New York
City ; Samuel Minnes, Post 29, New York City.
1873 — Oscar Thompson, Post 13, New Y^ork City ; Henry C.
Perley, Post 100, New York City ; Joseph Egolf, Post 34, Troy ;
Nicholas Grumbach, Post 66, Syracuse ; John M. Guion, Post 78,
Seneca Palls.
1874 — J. Marshall Guion, re-elected ; Thos. M. Davis, Post
53, Utica ; John G. Copley, Post 6, Elmira ; Jas. H. Stevens, Post
8, New York City ; Samuel Minnes, Post 29, New York City.
1875 — J. Marshall Guion, Jas. H. Stevens, re-elected ; E. B.
Gere, Post 59, Owego ; John K. Perley, Post ICO, New York City;
C. R. Becker, Post 121, Albany.
1876— J. M. Guion, E. B. Gere, J. K. Perley, J. H. Stevens, re-
elected ; F. H. Shepard, Post 53, Utica.
1877— J. M. Guion, E. B. Gere, J. K. Perley, J. H. Stevens, re-
elected ; B, F. Finley, Post 24, New Y'ork City.
1878— B. F. Finley, re-elected ; C. W. Mehrer, Post 44, New
York City ; T. J. Bell, Post 45, Auburn ; A. M. Mills, Post 19,
Little Falls ; A. B. Lawrence, Post 130, Warsaw.
1879— B. F. Finley, C. W. Mehrer, T.' J. Bell, re-elected ; Jas.
W. Parker, Post 113,' New York City; John B. Stanbrough, Post
59, Owego.
1880— ,Tas. S. Eraser, Post 29, New York City ; J. W. Jaco-
bus, Post 100, Nf'w York City ; J. S. Goodrich, Post CA), Syra-
cuse ; S. B. Bancroft, Post 2, Buffalo; Clias. R. Post, Post 21,
Brooklyn.
I
Department of Net/ York. 445
1881 — Jas. S. Fraser, J. W. Jacobus, re-elected ; Jos. Schnell,
Post 30, Binghamton ; Herman W. Thum, Post 32, New York
City ; Henry W. Hughes, Post 89, Brooklyn.
1882— J. W. Jacobus, re-elected ; C. W. Cowtan, Post 197,
Brooklyn ; W. H. Wharton, Post 24, New York City; W. C. Booth,
Post 10, Brooklyn ; H. F. Fox, Post 94, Geneva.
1883— W. C. Booth, re-elected ; Alonzo Howell, Post 42, New
York City ; Wm. Blasie, Post 5, Albany ; Theo. L. Poole, Post
151, Syracuse ; Jno. M. Farquhar, Post 2, Buffalo.
1884 — Theo. L. Poole, re-elected ; John Beattie, Post 69, New
York City ; Herman W. Thum, Post 32, New York City ; Wm. H.
Bright, Post 53, Utica ; I. S. Johnson, Post 130, Warsaw.
1885— T. L. Poole, John Beattie, H. W. Thum, I. S. Johnson,
re-elected ; Geo. E. Ketchum, Post 65, Oswego.
1886 — Theo. L. Poole, I. S. Johnson, Geo. E. Ketchum, re-
elected; Dennis Sullivan, Post 330, New York City ; J. K. Hood,
Post 142, Delhi.
1887 — Theo. L. Poole, re-elected ; Jas. Low, Post 133, Sus-
pension Bridge ; Martin Short, Post 35, Brooklyn ; Henry C.
Duryea, Post 176, Goshen ; Herman W. Thum, Post 32, New York
City.
1888— Theo. L. Poole, re-elected ; Alfred Lyth, Post 9, Buffalo ;
Alex. K. Penfield, Post 65, Oswego ; Dennis Sullivan, Post 330,
New York City ; Thos. B. Odell, Post 135, New York City.
PARADES OF THE DEPARTMENT.
For a number of years past the Posts located in New York
county and Kings county have paraded in New York City and in
Brooklyn on Memorial Day. These parades have attracted gen-
eral attention and have been frequently reviewed by the President
of the United States and the Governor of the State.
The Department has paraded on two notable occasions; on the
celebration of Evacuation Day and again at the funeral of General
Grant.
On the Centennial celebration of the evacuation of New York
by the British troops, held in New York City, November 26, 1883,
the Department of New York made a large and creditable demon-
446 Grand Army of the Republic.
stration. The general arrangements for the Grand Army of the
Republic was assigned to a committee, of which General Henry A.
Baruum was Chairman, and Comrade M. A. Reed, Secretary.
Colonel James B. Horner acted as Marshal of the Grand Army
Division.
Department Commander John A. Reynolds was present, with
his staff, and nearly all the Posts of the Department were in line.
Department officers. Posts and delegations were present from all
the Eastern States.
A steady rain fell throughout the day, but the veterans main-
tained their places in line, and were most enthusiastically ap-
plauded by the people who lined the route of the parade.
FUNERAL OF GENERAL GRANT.
General U. S. Grant died at Mt. McGregor, New York, July
23, 1885. On the same evening, a special meeting of U. S. Grant
Post No. 327, Brooklyn, was held, and upon the suggestion of
Commander H. M. Calvert, a committee was appointed consisting
of Comrades H. W. Knight, Theo. B. Gates and Wm. H. Barker,
to tender to the family of General Grant the services of the Grand
Army of the Republic as a Guard of Honor. Colonel Grant in
behalf of the family, promptly accepted these services, and details
of U. S. Grant Post and L. M. Wheeler Post No. 92, Saratoga,
acted as guards until the arrival of the regular troops.
Funeral services were held in the cottage on August 4, after
which a procession was formed, and the casket containing the
body of General Grant was borne by the Guard of Honor of the
Grand Army of the Republic to the special train in waiting to
convey the remains to New York.
The special train contained the family of General Grant, Major-
General Winfield S. Hancock and Staff, the Guard of Honor of U.
S. Grant Post No. 327, L. M. Wheeler Post No. 92, representatives
of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, representatives of the
Press, Company A 5th U. S. Artillery, Company E 12th U. S. In-
fantry and tlie pall-bearers — General William T. Sherman, Gen-
eral P. H. Sheridan, Admiral D. D. Porter, Vice-Admiral Stephen
G. Rowan, General Jos. E. Johnson, General S. B. Buckner, Hon.
Hamilton Fish, Geo. W. Childs, General John A. Logan, George
Jones and Oliver Hoyt. At Albany they were joined by Governor
Hill and suite.
In the funeral procession at New York, on Saturday, August 5,
Department of New York. 447
the Catafalque was surrounded by the Guard of Honor of U.
S. Grant Post : B. R. Corwin, Jas. P. Howatt, Willis McDonald,
George B. Squires, Henry W. Knight, R. B. Gwillim, Noah Teb-
betts, Robt. F. McKellar, Wm. J. McKelvey, Geo. W. Brush, Geo.
J. Collins, AVm. H. Barker, Senior Vice-Commander J. H. John-
son.
Following were Comrades Downey and Ormsbee, of L. M.
Wheeler Post ; the representatives of the Loyal Legion, General
John J. Milhau, General C. A. Carlton, Paymaster George D. F.
Barton, Lieutenant-Colonel Floyd Clarkson, Lieutenant-Colonel
A. M. Clark and Captain Edmund Blunt.
On one flank of the Guard of Honor marched Company A, 5th
U. S. Regular Artillery, Captain W. B. Beck, and on the other
flank, Company E, 12th U. S. Infantry, Major Brown in com-
mand.
The escort was composed of Regular troops, marine and naval
organizations, the First and Second Divisions National Guard
of New York, a Division of Veteran Guards consisting of the
Old Guard of New York, the Governor's Foot Guard, Hartford,
169tli New York Volunteers, Veteran Zouave Association, 10th
New York Veterans, Washington Continental Guards, Columbo
Guard, Italian Rifle Guard, Garibaldi Legion, Columbia Guards,
Veteran Guards (colored).
The military organizations from other States were : First Regi-
ment National Guards, Pennsylvania ; Gate City Guards, Atlanta ;
Third Regiment Connecticut National Guards ; First Regiment
Massachusetts Infantry ; four Companies Virginia State Troops ;
Union Veteran Corps, Washington, D. C. ; Capital City Guards ;
Company D, First Minnesota National Guards ; Veteran Zouaves,
Elizabeth, New Jersey; two Brigades National Guards, New
Jersey.
Closely following the Catafalque came the coaches containing
the family and relations of General Grant ; George G. Meade
Post No. 1, of Philadelphia, of which General Grant was a mem-
ber, following the mourners coaches, and U. S. Grant Post 327, of
Brooklyn, next in line. Next in coaches came the President and
Vice-President, Members of the Cabinet, United States Supreme
Court, United States Senators, Speakers and Members of the
House of Representatives, Governor of the State of New York
and suite, Ex-Presidents, Foreign Ministers, Diplomatic and Con-
sular Officers who served under General Grant, Governors of
448 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
States, Heads of Bureaus, AVar Department, General Sheridan's
Staff, General Seliolield and Staff, other Federal, State and City
Ofticers, Mayors of Cities, Committee of One Hundred — some four
hundred coaches in all.
Then came the Veteran Division under command of General
Daniel E. Sickles, including Officers of the Army and Navy, and
Marine Corps, Military Order of the Loyal Legion, Society of
the Potomac, Army of the Tennessee, Army of the Cumberland
and the Grand Army of the Eepublic under the immediate com-
mand of Commander-in-Chief S. S. Burdett. Never had there
been, since the days of the war, such a large parade of veterans.
Nearly the entire Department of New York was in line, and there
were IPosts and delegations jDresent from nearly every State in the
Union, all eager to manifest by their presence their love for their
old commander, and though this march was a severe one they
proudly kept in line until it was over.
From 9 o'clock in the morning until five in the evening, the
magnificent pageant made its slow and solemn way through streets
thronged with vast multitudes, who stood silently and respect-
fully, with heads uncovered as the Catafalque passed along,
realizing that this was the last grand march of the greatest
soldier of modern times.
At the Tomb, the Ritual Services of the Grand Army of the
Republic were held by George G. Meade Post No. 1, of Philadel-
phia.
The interment took place at Riverside, New York City. The
procession and all details for the funeral were under the charge of
Major-General Winfield S. Hancock.
The Guard of Honor j^laced the casket inside the Tomb ; the
7th and 22d Regiments fired the salute to the dead ; the bugler
sounded " Taps " " Lights Out," and the ceremonies that but ex-
pressed the sorrow of the Nation for its great captain were over.
THE MEMORIAL AND EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE FOR KINGS COUNTY.
This most excellent agent for combined efforts in ameliorating
the condition of indigent veterans and their families was insti-
tuted ill the spring of 1884 in Brooklyn.
Its puri)ose at first was to secure a better observance of Me-
morial Day, but the scope of the Committee Avas later enlarged to
take charge of all lujitters pertaining to legislatioij in the interest
Department of New York. 449
of veterans, for the prosecution of pension claims without cost to
tlie applicants, and to provide employment for all able to work.
They also made it a special object to inquire into and secure re-
dress for any violation of law in the discharge of veterans from
public employment.
The city authorities provided a room in the City Hall for the
use of the Bureau.
The purposes of this Bureau are concisely stated in a report
made by a committee of representative citizens on December 17,
1885:
Brooklyn, Dec. 17, 1885.
To the Bureau of Employment and Emergency Fund, O. A. R.
Gentlemen :
In compliance with your request that we make a thorough examination into the
affairs of your Bureau, the method of assisting the worthy and deserving veterans of
the war in need of help, and the widows and orphans of deceased veterans ; and if
upon examination we find it worthy of commendation, to embody our views in writ-
ing, we report as fellows :
First. The Bureau gratuitously aids soldiers and sailors of the late war, as well as
the widows and children of those deceased, to present proper applications for pen-
sions, and proffers advice in a kindly and courteous manner, very gratifying to the
feelings of the timid and retiring.
Second, The method of detecting those pretending to be soldiers is very perfect,
and it is almost impossible for any one to evade the scrutiny of the investigating offi-
cials. We most earnestly commend the advice of the Bureau to the public, to refuse
all applications for assistance to unknown persons professing to be veterans, and to
refer them to Room No. 14, City Hall.
Third. As far as its funds have permitted, the Bureau has accomplished a good
work in furnishing medical attendance, clothing, pecuniary assistance and other tem-
porary aid in various ways to deserving applicants. In short, we find that the money
at its disposal has been well and wisely expended.
Fourth. The system adopted for procuring employment for those veterans or chil-
dren of veterans who are able to work appears well devised, and could be largely ex-
tended with most beneficent results. The principle that none but those having a good
record are recommended, and the fact that when employment is furnished any subse-
quent irregularity or misbehavior is reported back to the Bureau, has a salutary in-
fluence on the employe.
Finally. We commend the Bureau to the hearty support of our charitable fellow-
citizens who desire to aid the soldiers and sailors of the late war resident in Brooklyn,
and who are now in straitened circumstances. This Bureau seeks employment for
the able bodied, assists the modest and retiring needy ones who shrink from becom-
ing a burden to the Commissioners of Public Charities, and effectually disposes of
impostors who bring disgrace upon the name of veteran. Wm. G. Low, Joseph F.
Knapp, E. L. Molineux, Alfred T. White, L. S. Burnham. Committee.
In December, 1887, an appeal was made to the teachers and
children of the public schools to provide, by small donations
29
450 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
from each pupil, for a Christmas dinner for the indigent families
of veterans. The response to this is shown in the report made
by Comrade E. A. Dubey :
One thousand two liuudred and thirty-nine families, consisting of six thousand
and sixty-four persons, were given a bountiful Christmas dinner, and to meet this de-
mand there ■were issued five hundred and twentj'-seven barrels and boxes of vege-
tables, groceries, fruit, etc.. and four thousjind four hundred and twenty-four pounds
of poultry. Total valuation of goods distributed, ^2,167.03.
QUEENS COUNTY.
A similar organization to that for Kings County was formed,
April 9, 1888, for the Posts in Queens County, and has already
done effective work in relieving the wants of many indigent
veterans and their families, and also in looking after the interests
of any veterans discharged without cause from the public works.
BUFFALO.
A Memorial and Executive Committee was formed by the
Posts of the city of Buffalo, in March, 1885. Up to January 1st,
1888, meals and lodgings have been furnished 439 veterans, trans-
portation given 108, employment found for 82, and 51 were sent
to the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home at Bath. During this year
there has been a large increase in the numbers seeking aid.
THE NEW YORK STATE SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS' HOME.
A number of efforts were made in the closing years of the war
to establish a Soldiers' Home in New York, such efforts depend-
ing mainly upon the charitably disposed, who believed that men
who had " borne the battle " should not be compelled to beg or
seek shelter in an almshouse.
A Home of small capacity was established in Albany, but so
little interest was manifested in it by the State authorities, that
the failure to make a small appropriation compelled the closing
of the institution early in 1839.
In February, 1870, a mass meeting was held in New York city,
over wlicli Peter Cooper presided, when resolutions were adopt-
ed urging the Legislature to make proper provision for the care
of indig(uit veterans by the establishment and maintenance of a
Siatf; Homo.
The DcpartiiK'iit of New York had strongly urged such action,
Department of New York. 451
and was now called upon to aid in securing the necessary legisla-
tion. A committee was appointed for the purpose, but their ef-
forts were comparatively fruitless ; the Legislature would not
consider any project that required the appropriation of State
money for the purpose.
On June 3, 1872, an Act was passed, providing for a Board of
Trustees for a Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, and authorizing them
to collect funds and receive donations to build and maintain a
Home ; but even this privilege was so guarded and unsatisfactory
that the Department felt compelled to relinquish any attempt to
organize under its provisions. The project was thoroughly dis-
cussed in ensuing Encampments, and as a result, in 1876, a com-
mittee of fifteen members of the Department was appointed to
obtain other legislation and push the matter to a successful issue.
Upon their suggestion a special Act was passed, approved May
15, 1876, for the incorporation of another Board of Trustees.
These trustees organized by the election of E. C. Parkinson,
Brooklyn, President ; J. A. Lewis, Secretary ; and John F. Henry,
Treasurer.
The other members of the Board were : E. W. Brueninghausen,
S. P. Corliss, E. L. Cole, Ira Davenport, Seymour Dexter, L. W.
Fiske, K L. Fox, E. F. Finley, Eugene B. Gere, Farley Holmes,
E. L. Judson, A. H. Nash, John Palmer, W. F. Rogers, M. F.
Shepard, H. W. Sage, F. H. Shepard, and Sinclair Tousey.
An encouraging beginning was made in Brooklyn by subscrip-
tions of over $12,000, and the Posts of the Department, under the
lead of Department Commander James Tanner, heartily entered
into the work of raising the amount first deemed necessary —
$50,000 ; but this sum was soon exceeded, and the Committee was
able to report subscriptions of over $70,000.
The citizens of Bath, Steuben County, under the stimulus of
a large subscription by Ira Davenport, proffered for the Home a
fine farm of 220 acres, delightfully situated about one and a half
miles from the village, in the valley of the Cohocton. They also
contributed $6,000 in cash. Their liberal offer was accepted, and
contracts were made for the erection of the main building, the
corner-stone of which was laid with impressive ceremonies June
13, 1877. On January 22, 1879, the Home was formally opened.
Notwithstanding the generous response of the people of New
York, it was early felt that the maintenance of the Home would
be too heavy a tax upon Grand Army Posts, and application was
452 Grand Army of the Republic.
then made to the Legislature for appropriations to finish the
buildings and provide for the maintenance of the inmates.
The necessity for the Home had been then so clearly demon-
strated that there could be no longer any hesitation on the part
of the Legislature, and they appropriated ^67,361 to finish and
furnish the buildings, and $15,000 for maintenance for the first
year. The whole property was transferred to the State, which
then assumed the entire care of the institution.
One hundred and forty acres of land have been since pur-
chased, making in all 360 acres.
The total cost of lands, buildings and furnishing has been
$229,405.50. When the present improvements are comj^leted
there will be accommodation for 1,300 inmates. The largest
number present at any one time has been 1,025 ; the average num-
ber present 825.
In 1887 the cost of maintenance was $109,919. The average
cost for rations and clothing, per capita, was $2.47f per week.
A considerable portion of the land is devoted to truck-farm-
ing, the products all being used in the Home, and affording those
of the inmates physically able the opportunity for out-door work.
A large part of the grounds are tastily laid out for walks and
drives, and flower-beds, shrubbery and trees all add to the natu-
ral beauty of the place.
Past Department Commander "William F. Eogers, of Buffalo,
is now Superintendent of the Home.
The Board of Trustees is at present (1888) composed of the
Governor and Attorney-General of the State as ex-officio members;
Henry W. Slocum, President ; Frank Campbell, Bath, Treasurer ;
Jno. F. Little, Bath, Secretary ; John Palmer, Albany ; Oliver B.
Cadwell, Watertown ; Hosea H. Eockwell, Elmira ; Charles J.
Fox, Painted Post ; Halbert S. Greenleaf, Rochester ; Geo. H.
Blackman, "VYellsville.
UNION soldiers' AND SAILORS' ORPHANS' HOME.
Another matter that occupied the attention and enlisted the
sympathies of the Department of New York was the care of sol-
diers' and sailors' orphans, and for whom no provision had been
made by the State other than in 1870, when the Legislature
passed a law directing the levying and collection of a tax, by the
Supervisors of New York city, " for the maintenance of the Union
Department of New York. 453
Home and School for the education and maintenance of the chil-
dren of our volunteers who are left unprovided." This Home had
been organized by private subscriptions, and had up to this time
been so maintained. The large sum of $98,988.40 was raised by a
festival held in 1867. Over 6,000 children were cared for in this
institution.
STATE LEGISLATION.
Within the past few years the Legislature has enacted a num-
ber of laws affecting the interests of veterans. While the mem-
bers of the Grand Army have felt and taken a deep interest in
such matters, a special and effective interest has been shown by
the officers of the Veterans' Rights Union, and the Committees
on Legislation of the Memorial and Executive Committees else-
where referred to.
MEMORIAL DAY.
May 30 was made a legal holiday by Act of the Legislature,
passed May 22, 1873.
BURIAL OF VETERANS.
By an Act passed May 21, 1884, provision is made for the
burial of any honorably discharged soldier, sailor or marine who
may die without leaving means for funeral expenses. Such inter-
ment is not to be made in any cemetery or plot used exclusively
for the interment of the pauper dead. The cost for interment is
not to exceed $35, and an additional sum of $15 is allowed for a
headstone.
Comrade Henry A. Phillips, Post 89, was the originator of
the above Act.
RELIEF.
For the relief of indigent and suffering soldiers, sailors and marin ^s who served in
the war of the rebellion, and their families, or the families of those deceased, who need
assistance in any town of this State, the proper Auditing Board of such city or town
* * * may provide such sum or sums of money as may be necessary to be drawn
upon by the Commander and Quartermaster of any Post of the Grand Army of the
Republic in said city or town, * * * and the orders shall be proper vouchers for
the expenditure. * * * Indigent veterans with families, and the families of de-
ceased veterans, shall, whenever practicable, be provided for and relieved at iheir
homes. * * * Passed June 35, 1887.
454 Grand Army of the Republic.
use of meeting rooms.
Any county, city, town or village is authorized to lease to any Post of the Grand
Army of the Hepublic any public building, or part thereof, at a nominal rent. * * *
Passed June 15, 1886. Anunded March 19, 1888.
By Act passed June 9, 1888, provision shall be made in any
State armory for a proper and convenient meeting room for
Posts, without expense.
By Act passed May 1, 1888, a suitably furnished room in the
State Hall was set apart, under the direction of the Depart-
ment Commander, for the supplies and property of the Grand
Army of the Republic, relics and mementos of the war, and for
arranging and preserving the history of individuals who served
in the army, navy or marine corps during the rebellion.
ISSUE OF ARMS TO POSTS.
By an Act passed June 25, 1886, the Adjutant-General is au-
thorized to issue twelve stands of arms, complete, for the firing
squad of each Post.
GRAND ARMY BADGE.
By an Act passed February 4, 1885, persons not duly entitled
to the same are prohibited from wearing the badge of the Grand
Army of the Republic under penalty of imprisonment not ex-
ceeding thirty days, or fine not exceeding twenty dollars, or by
both such fine and imprisonment. A similar law was passed
January 30, 1888, relative to the insignia or rosette of the Loyal
Legion.
MONUMENTS.
An Act passed April 24, 1886, authorizes the veteran soldiers
of the late war to erect a monument on the Capitol grounds at
Albany, in honor of the women of New York for their humane
and patriotic acts during the war.
By an Act passed April 21, 1886, the Board of Supervisors of
the several counties are authorized to appropriate moneys for the
erection of pul)lic monuments in commemoration of the veterans
of the late war of the rebellion, and for repairing and remodeling
such monuments.
An Act passed May 15, 1888, provides for the formation of
Department of New Jersey. 455
voluntary associations for the erection of such monuments, and
defines their rights and duties.
By Act of the Legislature in 1887, the authorities of the city
of Brooklyn are authorized to raise $100,000 by taxation for the
erection of a Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument in that city.
By Act passed May 26, 1886, $5,000 were appropriated for
expenses of Commissioners to designate the positions and move-
ments of the troops of New York at Gettysburg ; and on March
27, 1888, $74,500 were appropriated for monuments at Gettys-
burg, being $1,500 for each regiment or battery engaged in that
battle.
PREFERENCE IN EMPLOYMENT.
By an Act passed March 1, 1886, amending an Act passed May
25, 1885, it is provided :
§ 4. In grateful recognition of the services, sacrifices and sufferings of persons
who served in the army and navy of the; United States in the late war, and have been
honorably discharged tlierefrom, they shall be preferred for appointment to positions
in the civil service of the State, and of the cities affected by this Act over other persons
(of equal standing), as ascertained under this Act and the Act hereby amended, and
the person thus preferred shall not be disqualified from holding any position in said
civil service on account of his age nor by reason of any physical disability, provided
such disability does not render him incompetent to perform the duties of the position
applied for.
Orderlies, watchmen, and others designated, employed upon
public buildings, must be persons honorably discharged from the
Union army or navy during the rebellion.
By Act approved April 10, 1888, no person holding a position
by appointment, in any city or county of the State, who is an
honorably discharged soldier, sailor or marine, shall be removed
from such position except for cause shown after a hearing.
DEPAETMENT OF NEW JEESET.
General Edward Jardine was one of the representatives present
at the Pittsburgh Convention, September 24, 1866, and was there
obligated as a member of the Grand Army of the Eepublic.
Soon after he was appointed Aid-de-Camp on the Staff of the
Commander-in-Chief, and later, Provisional Commander.
456 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
A cliarter was issued direct from National Headquarters for
Post No. 1, at Boonton, New -Terse}', dated December 26, 1866,
countersigned by General Jardine as Aid-de-Camp.
The claim of this Post to seniority in the Department was
contested by Kearny Post, of Newark, holding a cliarter dated
December 6, 1866, issued by General J. B. McKean, Grand Com-
mander Department of New York and Senior Vice-Commander-in-
Chief. It was held, however, by the Department, that this charter
w^as invalid, there being a Provisional Commander in charge of
the Department, and Kearny Post was assigned No. 2. Later, on
the disbandment of the Boonton Post, Kearny Post was issued
a new charter as No. 1, Department of New Jersey.
The Convention to organize the Permanent Department was
held in Newark, December 10, 1867, when General Jardine \vas
elected Department Commander. He so served until January 29,
1869, and later, on removing to New York, became the Com-
mander of that Department.
ANNUAL MEETINGS OF THE DEPARTMENT.
December 10, 1867, Newark ; I. April 9, 1868, Trenton ; II.
January 24, 1869, Newark ; III. January 13, 1870, Camden ; lY.
January lo, 1871, Elizabeth ; Y. January 29, 1872, Paterson ; YI.
January 28, 1873, Trenton ; YII. January 21, 1874, Newark ; YIII.
January 28, 1875, New Brunswick ; IX. January 27, 1876, Tren-
ton ; X. January 31, 1877, Elizabeth ; XI. January 30, 1878, Pas-
saic ; XII. January 23, 1879, Orange ; XIII. February 25, 1880,
Trenton ; XIY. February 24, 1881, Camden ; XY. January 25,
1882, Trenton ; XYI. January 25, 1883, Trenton ; XYIL January
30, 1884, Trenton ; XYIII. February 11, 1885, Trenton ; XIX.
February 11, 1886, Trenton ; XX. February 10, 1887, Trenton ;
XXI. February 9, 1888, Trenton.
SEMI-ANNUAL MEETINGS AND REUNIONS.
September 1, 1868, Jersey City ; July 14, 1869, Trenton ; July
20, 1870, New Brunswick ; July 21, 1871, Camden ; July 1, 1872,
Newark ; July 22, 1874, Paterson ; August 26-29, 1879, Camp
Skillmaii ; August 16-20, 1880, Bordentowu ; September 3-8,
1883, Princeton; 1888, Deckertown.
Department of New Jersey. 457
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
Provisional, E. Jardine. Permanent Department — 1867-68, E.
Jardine, Post 2, Newark (see Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief,
Chapter XIII) ; 1869-70, William Ward, Post 11, Newark (see
Quartermaster-General, Chapter XIV) ; 1871-72, Richard H. Lee,
Post 6, Camden ; 1873, John R. Goble, Post 19, Hoboken (see
Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Chapter XII) ; 1874-75, Chas.
Burrows, Post 28, Paterson ; 1876, E. W. Davis, Post 11, Newark ;
1877-78, *John Mueller, Post 34, Newark ; 1879, Samuel Hufty,
Post 5, Camden ; 1880, Geo. W. Gile, Post 5, Camden ; 1881,
Charles H. Houghton, Post 44, Metuchen ; 1882, Edward L.
Campbell, Post 23, Trenton ; 1883, Geo. B. Fielder, Post 3, Jersey
City; 1884-85, Henry M. Nevius, Post 61, Red Bank ; 1886, Frank
O. Cole, Post 3, Jersey City ; 1887, Jno. L. Wheeler, Post 61,
Red Bank ; 1888, E. Burd Grubb, Post 21, Beverly.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867-68, Alfred F. Sears, Post 2, Newark ; 1870, fRichard H.
Lee ; 1871, Samuel J. Hopkins, Post 18, Morristown ; 1872, t John
R. Goble ; 1873, J. F. Rusling, Post 8, Trenton ; 1874-75, fE. W.
Davis ; 1876, fJohn Mueller ; 1877-78, fSamuel Hufty; 1879, Will-
son F. Smith, Post 25, Elizabeth ; 1880, J. L Van Alst, Post 3,
Jersey City ; 1881, F. W. Sullivan, Post 11, Newark ; 1882-83,
Alex. M. Way, Post 15, New Brunswick; 1884-85, W. B. E. Miller,
Post 37, Camden ; 1886, Philip E. Tufts, Post 27, Rahway ; 1887,
Budd S. Bodine, Post 23, Trenton ; 1888, J. M. Smith, Post 88,
Newark.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867-68, W. S. Stryker, Post 8, Trenton ; September, 1868-69,
tRichard H. Lee; 1870, ^Samuel J. Hopkins; 1871, Ira W. Corey,
Post 8, Trenton ; 1872, J. R. Woodruff, Post 8, Trenton ; 1873,
Isaac Van Houten, Post 28, Paterson ; 1874-75, fE. L. Campbell
(to Department Commander, 1882) ; 1876, |Samuel Hufty ; 1877-
78, tWillson F. Smith ; 1879, ^John I. Van Alst ; 1880, fChas. H.
Houghton ; 1881, John R. Grubb, Post 37, Camden ; 1882, Wil-
* Deceased. f To Department Commander. % To Senior Vice-Commander.
458 Grand Army of the Republic.
Ham G. White, Post 10, Vineland ; 1883, fW. B. E. Miller ; 1884-
85, S. N. Eockliill, Post 45, Bordentown ; 188(), fBndd S. Bodine ;
1887, James E. Hicks, Post 42, Bridgeton ; 1888, J. A. Wildrick,
Post 97, Belvidere.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1869, Alex. N. Dougherty, Post 11, Newark ; 1870, W. W. L.
Phillips, Post 8, Trenton ; 1871-72, G. W. Terriberry, Post 28,
Paterson ; 1873-75, John H. Austin, Post 6, Camden ; 1876, J. K.
Leal, Post 35, Paterson ; 1877-78, *D. McNeil, Post 29, Jersey
City ; died November 9, 1883 ; 1879, E. T. Whittington, Post 11,
Newark ; 1880, E. L. Welling, Post 8, Trenton ; 1881, D. W. C.
Hough, Post 27, Rahway ; 1882, Stephen Pierson, Post 24, Mor-
ristown ; 1883, W. W. L. Phillips, Post 8, Trenton ; 1884, Geo. S.
Dearborn, Post 66, Washington ; 1885, W. E. Mattison, Post 51,
Plainfield ; 1886-87, *L. W. Oakley, Post 25, Elizabeth ; 1888, J.
T. Luck, Post 14, Union.
CHAPLAINS.
1869, R. B. Yard, Post 8, Newark ; 1870, Julius D. Rose, Post
18, Morristown ; 1871-72, R. W. Martin, Post 25, Elizabeth; 1873-
74, Robert R. Thompson, Post 19, Hoboken ; 1875, A. J. Palmer,
Post 38, Jersey City Heights ; 187&-77, Hiram Eddy, Post 28, Pat-
erson ; 1878-79, Isaac Tuttle, Post 1, Newark ; 1880, A. Proudfit,
Post 18, Hackettstown ; 1881, A. H. Lung, Post 5, Camden ; 1882,
William Harris, Post 30, Princeton ; 1883, James L. Davis, Post
12, Orange ; 1884, J. H. Harpster, Post 23, Trenton ; 1885, W. A.
Bronson, Post 43, Perth Amboy ; 1886, W. H. Coxson, Post 55,
Millville ; 1887, W. A. Bronson, Post 43, Perth Amboy ; 1888, D.
M. AVells, Post 56, Newark.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1867-68, Geo. B. Halsted, Post 2, Newark ; August 26, 1868,
Henry G. Shaw; 1869, E. W. Davis, Post 11, Newark ; 1870, Rich-
ard Darnstaedt, Post 11, Newark ; 1871-72, Joseph C. Lee, Post
6, Camden ; 1873, Robt. H. Alberts, Post 19, Hoboken ; 1874-75,
John W. Drew, Post 28, Paterson ; 1876-78, F. W. Sullivan, Post
* Deceased. t To Senior Vice-Commander.
Department of New Jersey. 459
11, NeAvark ; 1879, Jos. C. Lee, Post 5, Camden ; succeeded by
H. L. Hartshorn, Post 5, Camden ; 1880, Albert Crump, Post 5,
Camden ; 1881-82, *E. Llojd Eoberts, Post 44, Metuchen ; died
December 22, 1882, and was succeeded by Chas. H. Houghton,
Post 44 ; 1883, John Ramsay, Post 3, Jersey City; 1884-86, fJohn
L. Wheeler ; 1887, Samuel N. Eockhill, Post 45, Bordentown ;
1888, H. L. Hartshorn, Post 5, Camden.
ASSISTANT quartermasters-general.
1868, F. T. Farrier, Post 3, Jersey City ; 1869-70, Richard
Hopwood, Post 11, Newark ; 1871-72, William M. Palmer, Post 6,
Camden ; 1873, Bayley B. Brown, Post 19, Hoboken ; 1874-75,
William J. Buckley, Post 28, Paterson ; 1876, Richard Hopwood,
Post 11, Newark ; 1877-78, Emil Toering, Post 34, Newark ; 1879,
W. M. Palmer, Post 5, Camden ; resigned ; succeeded by Chas. P.
Brown, Post 23, Trenton ; 1880, E. P. Simpson, Post 3, Jersey
City ; 1881-82, Chas. P. Brown, Post 23, Trenton ; 1883, John G.
Fisher, Post 38, Jersey City ; 1884-85, Chas. F. Kirker, Post 28,
Paterson ; 1886, John Ramsay, Post 3, Jersey City ; 1887, Chas.
F. Kirker, Post 28, Jersey City ; 1888, C. L. Magrath, Post 37,
Camden.
INSPECTORS.
1869-70, Alex. Nichols, Post 6, Camden ; 1871-72, Willson F.
Smith, Post 25, Elizabeth ; 1873, A. M. Way, Post 15, New Bruns-
wick ; 1874-75, W. H. H. Stryker, Post 28, Paterson ; 1876, itWill-
son F. Smith ; 1877-83, W. H. De Hart, Post 25, Elizabeth ; 1884-
85, tF. O. Cole ; 1886, Chas. R. Wale, Post 38, Jersey City ; 1887,
Henry C. Terhune, Post 61, Red Bank ; 1888, W. H. De Hart,
Post 25, Elizabeth.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1873, Robt. McCague, Jr., Post 19, Hoboken ; 1874-75, Henry
S. Drury, Post 28, Paterson ; 1876, Peter F. Rogers, Post 11,
Newark ; 1877-79, O. A. Kibbe, Post 15, New Brunswick ; 1880,
E. C. Stahl, Post 8, Trenton; 1881-82, Geo. W. Atherton, Post 15,
New Brunswick; Sept. 1, C. Ewan Merritt, Post 26, Mount Holly;
* Deceased. f To Department Commander. X To Junior Vice-Commander.
460 Grand Army of the Republic.
1883, *Henry M. Nevius ; 1884-85, Samuel Toombs, Post 12, Or-
ancre ; 1886-87, E. B. Seymour, Post 3, Jersey City ; 1888, T. W.
Middleton, Post 59, Toms River.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1874-75, Samuel W. Thompson, Post 35, Paterson ; 1876,
Emil Toering, Post 34, Newark ; 1877-78, Geo. Sipp, Post 3, Jer-
sey City ; 1879, J. A. Rodrigo, Post 1, Newark ; 1880, Peter F.
Rogers, Post 11, Newark ; 1881, J. A. Rodrigo, Post 1, Newark ;
1882, *Geo. B. Fielder, Post 3, Jersey City ; 1883, C. H. Benson,
Post 11, Newark; 1884-85, Phil. E. Tufts, Post 27, Rahway; 1886,
C. Ewan Merritt, Post 26, Mount Holly ; 1887, A. M. Matthews,
Post 12, Orange ; 1888, L. H. Bridgem, Post 4, Newark.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1867 — Richard H. Lee, Post 6, Camden ; F. Shellenberger,
L. T. Brant, H. M. Fagen ; M. T. Dwyer, Post 11, Newark.
1868— M. T. Dwyer, re-elected ; S. M. Dubois, Townsend Cox,
James Danforth, William H. Bowman.
1869— M. T. Dwyer, re-elected ; Jas. F. Rusling, Post 8, Tren-
ton ; Ed. S. Hoffman, Post 18, Morristown ; William Wilson, Post
6, Camden ; J. H. Anderson, Post 15, New Brunswick.
1870— M. T. Dwyer, Jas. F. Rusling, William Wilson, re-
elected ; AVillsou F. Smith, Post 25, Elizabeth ; Chas. F. Hop-
kins, Post 1, Boonton,
1871 — Jas. F. Rusling, Chas. F. Hopkins, re-elected ; William
AYard, Post 11, Newark ; Geo. M. Joy, Post 22, Toms River ; R.
B. Seymour, Post 3, Jersey Cit3\
1872— Jas. F. Rusling, William Ward, Chas. F. Hopkins, R.
B. Seymour, re-elected ; Fred. H. Harris, Post 2, Newark.
1873— Wm. Ward, Fred. H. Harris, re-elected ; John L. Mul-
ford. Post 15, New Brunswick ; James N. Rue, Post 8, Trenton ;
Jos. C. Lee, Post 6, Camden.
1874-75— Wm. Ward, J. L. Mulford, J. C. Lee, re-elected ; J.
To Department Commander.
Department of New Jersey. 461
F. Kusling, Post 8, Trenton ; A. D. Blancliet, Post 18, Morris-
town.
1876 — J. L. Mulford, re-elected ; R. H. Lee, Post 5, Camden ;
W. H. H. Stryker, Post 28, Paterson ; E. P. Reichelm, Post 29,
Jersey City ; Jos. R. Woodruff, Post 8, Trenton.
1877— J. L. Mulford, W. H. H. Stryker, E. P. Reichelm, Jos.
R. Woodruff, re-elected ; Richard Hopwood, Post 11, Newark.
1878— J. L. Mulford, W. H. H. Stryker, E. P. Reichelm, re-
elected ; James Benson, Post 19, Hoboken ; R. C. Sneeden, Post
I, Newark.
1879— W. H. H. Stryker, re-elected ; Jno. G. Fisher, Post 38,
Jersey City ; Emil Toering, Post 34, Newark ; Geo. Sipp, Post 3,
Jersey City ; W. S. Sulger, Post 8, Trenton.
1880— H. B. Francis, Post 5, Camden ; J. L. Mulford, Post 15,
New Brunswick ; T. Higgs, Post 14, Union ; T. W. Seaman, Post
II, Newark ; Thomas P. Rockett, Post 3, Jersey City.
1881 — Isaac Van Houten, Post 28, Paterson ; Chas. P. Bowers,
Post 1, Newark ; Alex. M. Way, Post 15, New Brunswick ; W.
W. Mines, Post 37, Camden ; F. M. Riley, Post 42, Bridgeton.
1882— F. M. Riley, re-elected ; Chas. Burrows, Post 28, Pater-
son ; John R. Grubb, Post 37, Camden ; Samuel Toombs, Post
12, Orange ; James F. Connelly, Post 1, Newark.
1883— F. M. Riley, Chas. Burrows, re-elected ; D. A. Pelou-
bet, Post 13, Jersey City ; E. P. Reichelm, Post 29, Jersey City ;
W. H. Rightmire, Post 5, Camden.
1884 — Chas. Burrows, re-elected ; A. M. Way, Post 15, New
Brunswick ; Lewis E. Wills, Post 32, Atlantic City ; James E.
Hicks, Post 42, Bridgeton ; F. W. Sullivan, Post 11, Newark.
1885 — Chas. Burrows, F. W. Sullivan, James E. Hicks, re-
elected ; H, L. Hartshorn, Post 5, Camden ; E. C. Stahl, Post 8,
Trenton.
1886 — H. L. Hartshorn, re-elected ; John C. Fisher, Post 13,
Jersey City ; Samuel N. Rockhill, Post 45, Bordentown ; J. M.
Latimer, Post 53, Haddonfield ; Samuel Toombs, Post 12, Orange.
1887 — H. L. Hartshorn, re-elected ; H. R. Havens, Post 8,
Trenton ; R. H. Lee, Post 5, Camden ; James N. Duffy, Post 11,
Newark ; E. D. Parkhurst, Post 4, Newark.
462 Grand Army of the Republic.
1888 — H. R. Havens, re-elected ; Geo. Barrett and W. H. Sher-
man, Post 5, Camden ; P. Lyncli, Post 13, Jersey City ; H. D.
Moore, Post 53, Haddonfield.
STATE soldiers' HOME.
New Jersey was the first State to establish a Soldiers' Home.
The Hon. Marcns L. Ward, of Newark, then a private citizen,
afterwards Governor of the State and, in 1874, Member of Con-
gress from. the Sixth District, was during the war untiring in his
labors in caring for the soldiers and sailors in the service, and
especially for those returning sick or wounded. He early saw
that there were many men discharged from the service who still
needed, and would need, care and attention, and, led by this, in
1863, he petitioned the Legislature to make inquiry into the best
methods for properly caring for this class.
Under a joint resolution of the Legislature, approved April
12, 1864, Marcus L. Ward, Daniel Haines, William A. Newell, Ed-
ward A. Stevens, Chas. S. Olden and Rynear H. Veghte were con-
stituted a commission to inquire and report on the best methods
for accomplishing the object stated.
In accordance with their suggestions, an Act Avas passed, ap-
proved March 23, 1865, for the establishment of a Soldiers Home,
and the same gentlemen were appointed commissioners to expend
$50,000 api^ropriated for that purpose.
The Commissioners leased for a term of years the property
at Newark that had been used by the Government as a hospital,
known as the Ward U. S. General Hospital, and they also pur-
chased a number of the hospital buildings, thus early pre2:)aring
for the reception of soldiers. By an Act approved March, 1866,
the Commissioners were constituted Managers of the " New Jer-
sey Home for Disabled Soldiers."
Tlie Home was opened July 4, 1866, and was formally dedicated
September 5, 1866, thus preceding by over a year the dedication of
the first of the National Homes established by the United States
Government. The early record of the New Jersey Home show
that even in the small number of men first admitted a large pro-
portion required hospital treatment, and the care and attention
HO given them restored many to a degree of health that enabled
them thereafter to care for tliemselves. Without giving the de-
tails of the yearly reports, the usefulness of the institution is
Department of New Jersey. 463
shown bj tlie fact that 14,724 veterans have been housed, fed,
clothed and cared for.
For the past year the cost of maintenance was $32,592.79 ; the
daily average of the inmates was 329 ; number of deaths during
the year, 35.
In 1886, the Department of New Jersey petitioned the Legis-
lature for an appropriation to erect new buildings in place of
those that by long use had become unfit for their purpose.
The Legislature promptly appropriated $60,000, and then in-
creased the amount to $125,000. A new site was purchased on the
eastern shore of the Passaic river, in Kearny township (named
after General Phil Kearny, and near his old home), Hudson
county. The grounds cover seventeen acres, the old mansion on
the place was remodeled and six new buildings added, all espe-
cially designed for that use by Comrade Paul G. Boticher, ar-
chitect.
Governor Ward served as Treasurer of the Home for eighteen
years, and since his death this position has been filled by his son,
Marcus L. Ward, Jr.
Major Peter F. Rogers, Post 1, Newark, has been Superinten-
dent for the past nine years. The Chaplain, Rev. Isaac Tuttle,
Post 1, Newark, has served from the opening of the Home.
For many years the Department of New Jersey, Grand Army
of the Republic, has had a standing committee on Soldiers' Home
— Dr. J. Younglove, of Elizabeth, Chairman — which has made full
reports to the Encampment each year, giving interesting statistics
and making many valuable suggestions.
In addition to the State Home, provision is made for the re-
lief of indigent veterans at their homes by a payment of two to
six dollars per month, according to the circumstances in each
case, and in this way nearly $200,000 have been disbursed.
A Soldiers' Children's Home was established by the State by
Act approved March 23, 1865. It was maintained as a State in-
stitution until 1876. $309,461.09 were expended on its mainte-
nance during this time.
New Jersey, also, made liberal provision for its soldiers and
sailors during their term of service, first by an allowance of six
dollars per month to the families of such as were married, or to
the widowed mother of those without families ; and second, by an
allowance of four dollars per month to all enlisted men, to be
464 Grand Army of the Republic.
paid ou their honorable discharge from the service. $2,453,067
have been paid under this Act.
Provision is also made by law for the payment of the funeral
expenses of any Union soldier or sailor who may die without
leaving sufficient means to meet such expense, the cost not to ex-
ceed §35, and an allowance of $15 for a headstone.
STATUE OF GENERAL KEARNY.
A fine bronze statue of General Philip Kearny stands in the
Military Park, Newark. This, the first statue in honor of a vol-
unteer officer, was erected through the efforts of Kearny Post,
No. 1. A duplicate has been placed in the Statuary Hall of the
Capitol at Washington ; General Kearny having been selected by
the Commissioners appointed by the State in accordance with an
Act of Congress, as one of the two representative citizens of New
Jersey to be thus honored.
MEMORIAL DAY.
Memorial Day is a legal holiday in New Jersey.
DEPARTMENT OF PENNSYLVANIA.
The leading association of veterans formed in Pennsylvania
after the close of the war was known as the " Boys in Blue." In
Philadelphia ward associations were represented in a General
Council, having more direct charge of the work required to ad-
vance the political interests of soldiers and sailors belonging to
the Republican Party in that city.
This Council was represented at the Pittsburgh Convention,
September 24, 1866, and a number of members were then initiated
into the Grand Army of the Republic. No report Avas made of
this, however, until after the October elections, when a committee
consisting of Colonel S. B. Wylie Mitchell, Colonel Robt. B.
Beatli and Captain W. J. Mackey, was authorized to secure a
charter for a Grand Army Post.
Application was made to General J. K. Proudfit, Commander
Department of Pennsylvania. 465
Department of Wisconsin, and from him was received a charter
for Post Number One, District of Philadelphia, dated October 29,
1866.
The charter members were S. B. AVylie Mitchell, Robert B.
Beath, William J. Mackey, Louis Wagner, Richard Donagan,
Nicholas Baggs, John Sage, Isaac T. Ayer, Jacob S. Stretch,
George J. Ker, Jos. M. Kelley, Jacob M. Davis, H. Wise Bach,
John C. Morgan, Samuel Johnson, Robert L. Omensetter, Lewis
H. Martin, John G. Kelley, Frank M. Crawford, Jos. L. Wilson,
John T. Brady, Jos. S. Ashton, Samuel Kemble, Jeremiah B.
Fleming, Kennedy Brown, Jas. W. Allen, Wm. J. Roney, Johnston
Roney, Joshua T. Owen and Jas. Given.
The Post was organized by the election of Colonel Mitchell as
Commander, and it was arranged that several of the members
should withdraw to form Posts in their own wards. Colonel
Mitchell issued charters to Posts as follows : November 7, Post 2,
3d Ward, R. B. Beath, Commander ; November 16, Post 3, 22d
Ward, Louis Wagner, Commander ; November 19, Post 4, 18th
Ward, J. M. Davis, Commander ; November 20th, Post 5, 19th
Ward, Nicholas Baggs, Commander.
John G. Kelley was deputized to represent the above Post at
the Indianapolis Convention, where Colonel Clayton McMichael
and Major RosAvell Feltus were also representing another Post
No. 1, of Philadelphia.
The question of seniority was there raised and decided in favor
of the Post commanded by Colonel McMichael, it having received
a charter direct from the acting Commander-in-Chief, B. F. Sie-
phenson, dated October 16, 1866, with the following charter-
members : E. R. Bowen, E. E. Chase, J. Edward Carpenter, Ros-
well G. Feltus, Harrison Lambdin, Clayton McMichael, John
McGrath, M. D., J. Harry Stewart, Campbell Tucker, and Samuel
Worthington.
Colonel McMichael, thus recognized as Commander of the
first Post, was elected as such October 17, 1866, and was also the
senior member of the Order in the State, having been mustered
into the Grand Army, August 18, 1866, when on a visit in the
West. He had served during the war, from May 3, 1861, to Sep-
tember 27, 1865, in the regular service, and had been promoted
Captain and Brevet Major, United States Army. He was wounded
in action at Kelley's Ford, Virginia, August, 1863, and again at
Petersburg, August, 1864.
30
406
Grand Army of the Republic.
Colonel Clayton McMichael.
Later another claim was
made for seniority of Posts at
Pittsburgh, and also for the
Post, now No. 19, Philadel-
phia. As early as August,
1866, a number of veterans in
Pittsburgh discussed the ques-
tion of there organizing a Post
of the Grand Army, and sev-
eral conferences were held in
the office of Colonel Thos. M. '
Bayne. No definite action was
taken, however, until some
time after the Pittsburgh Con-
vention of September 24, when
General A. L. Pearson went to
Springfield, Illinois, to jDerson-
ally make inquiries about the Order, and to obtain authority for
organizing.
On his return, he obligated ^Y. B. Cook, Thos. M. Bayne, E.
A. Montooth, Jno. F. Hunter, Samuel Harper, Samuel Kilgore,
Jno. F. Kerr and Lee S. Smith, and it was arranged that two
Posts should be formed, which were chartered by Commander-in-
Chief Stephenson as Posts 1 and 2, District of Allegheny ; the
charter of the first Post was dated November 3, 1866. According
to the dates of charters it was the third in rank in the State, and
in the subsequent renumbering became Post No. 3. The Post in
Philadelphia commanded by Colonel McMichael was numbered 1,
and that commanded by Colonel Mitchell, No, 2. The Philadel-
phia Posts chartered by Colonel Mitchell were renumbered .5, 6,
7 and 8. The second Post in Pittsburgh, No. 4, was soon given
up and its members were mainly transferred to Post 3.
Colonel Washington M. Worrall, who afterwards introduced
in the Legislature the bill making Memorial Day a legal holiday
in Pennsylvania, was one of the delegation from the Boys in Blue
to the Pittsburgh Convention, and he was there obligated in the
Grand Army. Soon after his return, he called a meeting of mem-
bers of his chib of Boys in Blue, relative to forming a Post, which
me<>ting was held Octol)er 8. Another meeting was held Novem-
ber 30, when Colonel Worrall was elected Post Commander, but
owing to delay in reporting, all the earlier numbers for charters
Department of Pennsylvania. 467
were taken up, and this Post became No. 19, its charter dating
December 22, 1866.
An older organization in the State than the Boys in Blue, but
occupying necessarily a more limited field, was- the U. S. Soldiers'
Union of Chester.
Under a call of veterans of that city, issued November 14, 1865,
a meeting for organization was held November 22, and Alex. King
was elected President ; John C. Barrowclough, Secretary. This
society was a non-political beneficial society, and it later adopted
the Constitution and By-laws of the Soldiers' National Union —
organized as a beneficial society, to secure concerted action in ob-
taining legislation especially for the equalization of bounties, and
to secure employment for veterans under the National, State and
local governments.
This Soldiers' Union of Chester held weekly meetings until it
was organized as Post No. 25, Department of Pennsylvania, Grand
Army of the Republic, on January 29, 1867, A change was made
in officers, James Cliff becoming Post Commander, but it con-
tinued the work of the former society, committees of the old re-
porting to the new without any break.
Provisional Department. — General Louis Wagner was appointed
Provisional Commander, November 22, 1866, and assumed com-
mand November 28, appointing Colonel James Given Assistant
Adjutant-General, and Captain W. J. Mackey, Assistant Quarter-
master-General. He chartered nineteen Posts prior to the meet-
ing for organizing the Permanent Department, which was held in
Philadelphia, January 16, 1867: During the year 1867, 101 Posts
were organized.
Annual Meetings of the Department have been held as fol-
lows :
I. January 16, 1867 ; 11. January 29, 1868, Philadelphia ; III.
January 13, 1869, West Chester; IV. January 26, 1870, Pitts-
burgh ; Y. January 25, 1871, Allentown ; VI. January 24, 1872,
Philadelphia ; VII. January 22, 1873, Harrisburg ; VIII. Janu-
ary 28, 1874, Lancaster ; IX. January 28, 1875, Chester ; X. Jan-
uary 26, 1876, Pittsburgh ; XL January 24, 1877, Wilkesbarre ;
XII. January 30, 1878, Lebanon ; XIIL January 29, 1879, Har-
risburg ; XIV. January 28, 1880, Reading; XV. January 19,
468 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
1881, Pittsburgh ; XVI. January 25, 1882, Williamsport ; XVII.
January HI, 1883, AVilkesbarre ; XVIII. February 6, 1884, Lan-
caster ; XIX. February 10, 1885, Harrisburg ; XX. February 9,
1886, Scranton ; XXI. February 8, 1887, Harrisburg ; XXII. Feb-
ruary 14, 1888, Allentown.
SEMI-ANNUAL ENCAMPMENTS.
I. July 17, 1867, Philadelphia; II. July 8, 1868, Pottsville ;
III. July 14, 1869, Altoona ; IV. July 20, 1870, Wilkesbarre ;
V. July 26, 1871, Erie ; VI. July 2, 1872, Gettysburg ; VII. July
23, 1873, Williamsport ; VIII. July 22, 1874, Bethlehem ; IX.
July 21, 1875, Corry ; X. July 5, 1876, Philadelphia ; XL August
8, 1877, LeM'isburg ; XII. July 24, 1878, Gettysburg ; XIII. July
30, 1879, Erie ; XIV. July 25, 1880 ; XV. July 27, 1881 ; XVI.
July 26, 1882 ; and XVII. August 29, 1883, Gettysburg ; XVIII.
August 16-21, 1884, Belief onte ; XIX. August 8-14, 1885 ; XX.
July 6, 1886 ; XXL July 1-5, 1887 ; and XXIL July 1-5, 1888,
Gettysburg.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1866, Provisional, Louis '\^'agner, Post 6, Germantown ; 1867,
Louis AVagner, Post 6, Germantown (see Commander-in-Chief,
Chapter XIX) ; 1868, A. L. Pearson, Post 3, Pittsburgh ; 1869, O.
C. Bosbysh«ll, Post 23, Pottsville ; 1870-71, A. R. Calhoun, Post
19, Philadelphia ; resigned 1871, and was succeeded by H. J.
Reeder, Senior Vice-Commander, Post 129, Easton ; 1872, Frank
Reeder, Post 129, Easton ; 1873, Robt. B. Beath, Post 23, Potts-
ville (see Commander-in-Chief, Chapter XXII) ; 1874, *A. Wilson
Norris, Post 19, Philadelphia (see Inspector-General, Chapter
Xli); 1875, W. W. Tyson, Post 88, Allegheny; 1876, Jas. W. Latta,
Post 2, Philadelphia ; 1877, S. Irviu Givin, Post 5, Philadelphia ;
1878, Chas. T. Hull, Post 202, Athens ; 1879, Geo. L. Brown, Post
17, Minersville; 1880, ChillW. Hazzard, Post 60, Monon^ahela
City; 1881, John Taylor, Post 51, Philadelphia (see Quarter-
master-General, Chapter XXI) ; 1882, John M. Vauderslice, Post
2, Philadelphia (see Adjutant-General, Chapter XXII) ; 1883, E.
8. Osborne, Post 97, Wilkesbarre ; 1884, F. H. Dyer, Post 120,
Washington ; 1885, Austin Curtin, Post 261, Milesburg ; 1886, J.
* Deceased.
Department of Pennsylvania. 469
P. S. Gobin, Post 42, Lebanon ; 1887, Samuel Harper, Post 155,
Pittsburgh ; 1888, Frank J. Magee, Post 270, Wrightsville.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867, Clayton McMicbael, Post 1, Philadelphia ; 1868, *James
L. Selfridge, Post 13, Allentown ; 1869, *Robert L. Bodine, Post
2, Philadelphia ; 1870, Geo. S. Wood, Post 151, Allegheny ; 1871,
tH. J. Reeder ; 1872, Norman M. Smith, Post 117, Pittsburgh ;
1873, D. Newlin Fell, Post 2, Philadelphia ; 1874, fW. W. Tyson ;
1875, tS. Irvin Givin ; 1876, Samuel A. Losch, Post 26, Schuylkill
Haven ; 1877, fChas. T. Hull ; 1878, J. K. Barr, Post 84, Lancas-
ter; 1879, Smith D. Cozens, Post 10, Philadelphia; 1880, William
B. Rose, Post 94, Philadelphia ; 1881, fF. H. Dyer ; 18S2, W. N.
Jones, Post 64, Williamsport ; 1883, A. J. Sellers, Post 1, Phila-
delphia ; 1884, fAustin Curtin ; 1885, A. P. Burchfield, Post 162,
Allegheny ; 1886, J. H. Druckemiller, Post 226, Marietta ; 1887,
J. Edwin Giles, Post 20, Hazleton ; 1888, W. R. Jones, Post 181,
Braddock.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867, Robert B. Beath, Post 5, Philadelphia ; resigned July,
1867 ; A. L. Pearson, Post 3, Pittsburgh ; 1868, W. M. Worrall,
Post 19, Philadelphia ; 1869, E. A. Montooth, Post 3, Pittsburgh ;
1870, Chas. Albright, Post 61, Mauch Chunk; 1871, Curtis S.
Haven, Post 117, Pittsburgh ; 1872, Levi Huber, Post 23, Potts-
ville ; 1874, ]B. I. Givin ; 1875, W. H. Martin, Post 25, Chester ;
1876, D. O'Neill, Post 10, Philadelphia ; 1877, R. C. Hazlett, Post
117, Pittsburgh ; 1878, C. R. Lantz, Post 42, Lebanon ; 1879,
James L. Paul, Post 58, Harrisburg ; 1880, Theo. Burchfield,
Post 62, Altoona ; 1881, George F. Harris, Post 95, Bellefonte ;
1882, James A. Gibbs, Post 22, Danville ; 1883, Geo. F. Randolph,
Post 30, Johnstown ; 1884, Daniel Caldwell, Post 19, Philadelphia ;
1885, Fred. J. Amsden, Post 139, Scranton ; 1886, J. M. Dowry,
Post 28, Indiana ; 1887, Wm. J. Ferguson, Post 400, Philadelphia;
1888, Geo. R. Hart, Post 27, Philadelphia.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1867, Lewis R. Read, Post 11, Norristown ; 1868-69, *S. B. W.
Mitchell, Post 2, Philadelphia (see Surgeon-General, Chapter
* Deceased. f To Department Commander. X To Senior Vice-Commander.
470
Grand Army of the Republip.
VIII); 1870-71, J. W. De
Witt, Post 2, PhiLulelphia ;
1872-73, C. C. V. Crawford,
Post 149, Rockland, and 1874
-78, from Post 25, Chester ;
1879-80, Clias. Styer, Post
8, Philadelpliia (see Sur-
geon-General, Chap. XX) ;
1881, C. C. Lange, Post 42,
Pittsburgh; 1882, Wm. D.
Hall, Post 62, Altoona (see
Surgeon-General, Chapter
XXIII) ; 1883, Jos. C. Fer-
guson, Post 114, Philadel-
phia; 1884, J. B. Davis, Post
Thomas J. Stewart. 145^ Shenandoah ; 1885, S.
M. Trinkle, Post 8, Philadelphia; 1886, A. Prieson, Post 122,
Lock Haven ; 1887, W. B. Kroesen, Post 38, Etna ; 1888, S. F.
Chapin, Post 235, Wattsburgh.
CHAPLAINS.
1867, Chas. Collins, Post 2, Philadelphia ; 1868, *Jas. Under-
due, Post 27, Philadelphia ; 1869, Jos. S. Evans, Post 31, West
Chester ; 1870, J. J. Marks, Post 134, Brookville ; 1871, *Thos. P.
Hunt, Post 97, Wilkesbarre ; 1872, John W. Sayers, Post 157,
Hamburg, and 1873-88, of Post 16, Reading.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1866-67, *Jas. Given, Post 2, Philadelphia; 1868, *W. B. Cook,
Post 3, Pittsburgh ; 1869-72, tR. B. Beath, Post 23, Pottsville ;
1873-74, Chas. S. Greene, Post 2, Philadelphia ; 1875, Xorman M.
Smitli, Post 117, Pittsburgh; 1876-81, fJohn M. Vanderslice, Post
2, Philadelphia; 1882-88, Thomas J. Stewart, Post 11, Norris-
town.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
186r>-69, Wm. J. Mackey, Post 8, Philadelphia ; 1870, Wm. J.
Smith, Post 19, Philadelphia; 1871, Levi G. McCauley, Post 31,
* Deceased.
f To Department Commander.
Department of Pennsylvania. 471
West Chester ; 1872-75, J. E. Mullikin, Post 1, Philadelphia; 1876,
S. Irvin Givin, Post 5, Philadelphia ; 1877, David T. Davies, Post
21, Philadelphia ; 1878-80, *John Taylor, Post 51, Philadelphia ;
1881, John A. Stevenson, Post 1, Philadelphia; 1882, H. G. Wil-
liams, Post 8, Philadelphia ; 1883, Smith D. Cozens, Post 160,
Philadelphia ; 1884-88, H. G. Williams, Post 8, Philadelphia.
INSPECTORS.
1868, A. M. K. Storrie, Post 19, Philadelphia ; 1869, A. R.
Calhoun, Post 19, Philadelphia ; 1870-71, Levi Huber, Post 23,
Pottsville ; 1872, H. Willis Bland, Post 16, Reading ; 1873, fJ. F.
Frueauff, Post 118, Colnmbia ; 1874, James Dykes, Post 11, Nor-
ristown ; 1875, A. M. K. Storrie, Post 19, Philadelphia ; 1876-77,
F. J. Burrows, Post 64, Williamsport ; 1878, J. Andrew Wilt, Post
68, Towanda ; 1879, Richard Rahn, Post 23, Pottsville ; 1880, H.
G. Tillinghast, Post 56, Philadelphia ; 1881, Thos. J. Gist, Post
59, McKeesport ; 1882, Thos. Munroe, Post 20, Hazleton ; 1883,
Thos. G. Sample, Post 128, Allegheny City ; 1884, S. M. Duvall,
Post 151, Pittsburg ; 1885-86, Thos. F. Maloney, Post 58, Harris-
burg ; 1887, *Frank J. Magee, Post 270, Wrightsville ; 1888, John
y. Miller, Post 52, Lewisburg.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1869, tChas. Albright, Post 61, Mauch Chunk ; 1870, H. J.
Reeder, Post 129, Easton ; 1871, Wm. Blakeley, Post 88, Alle-
gheny ; 1872, W. W. Brown, Post 70, Corry (see Inspector-Gen-
eral, Chapter XIII) ; 1873, Norman M. Smith, Post 117, Pitts-
burgh; 1874, E. S. Osborne, Post 97, AVilkesbarre ; 1875, D.
Newlin Fell, Post 2, Philadelphia ; 1876, fGeo. F. Smith, Post 31,
West Chester ; 1877, fJohn D. Bertolette, Post 61, Mauch Chunk ;
1878-79, Oscar L. Jackson, Post 100, Newcastle ; 1880, J. Andrew
Wilt, Post 68, Towanda ; 1881, E. P. Gould, Post 67, Erie ; 1882,
B. C. Christy, Post 88, Allegheny City ; 1383, S. A. Will, Post 3,
Pittsburgh ; 1884, Wendell P. Bowman, Post 1, Philadelphia ;
1885, W. W. Ames, Post 216, St. Mary's ; 1886, F. A. Osbourn,
Post 2, Philadelphia ; 1887, D. B. McCreary, Post 67, Erie ; 1888,
Thos. E. Merchant, Post 2, Philadelphia.
* To Department Commander. f Deceased.
472 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
chief mustering officers.
1873, *G. W. Durrell, Post 16, Reading ; 1874-75, C. O. Zie-
genfuss. Post 182, Bethlehem ; 1876, W. S. Caldwell, Post 88, Al-
legheny ; 1877, A. M. Hunter, Post 9, Gettysburg ; 1878, Jas. K.
Helms, Post 26, Schuylkill Haven ; 1879, C. E. Andrews, Post 68,
Towanda ; 1880, Jno. A. Danks, Post 104, Connellsville ; 1881, D.
O'Neill, Post 10, Philadelphia ; 1882, *A. M. Moreland, Post 151,
Pittsburgh ; 1888, Geo. W. Kennedy, Post 23, Pottsville ; 1884,
Thos. Osborn, Jr., Post 240, Lundy's Lane; 1885, John W.
AValker, Post 67, Erie ; 1886, William M. Lambert, Post 3, Pitts-
burgh ; 1887, Wm. B. Bird, Post 140, Shamokin ; 1888, AV. W.
Greenland, Post 205, Clarion.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1867— James M. McGee, Post 15, Eoxborough ; W. H. Seip,
Post 13, Allentown ; *S. B. W. Mitchell, Post 2, Philadelphia ;
E. H. Eauch, Post 16, Reading ; L. D. Wilson, Post 16, Reading.
;,868— *J. R. Oxley, Post 35, Pittsburgh ; E. A. Montooth, Post
3, Pittsburgh ; *A. Patterson, Post 88, Allegheny ; F. K. Duke,
Post 46, Philadelphia ; *Geo. F. Smith, Post 31, West Chester.
1869— C. K. Campbell, Post 89, Pittston ; Geo. W. Grant, Post
16, Reading ; *C. M. Prevost, Post 1, Philadelphia ; B. F. Selig-
man. Post 47, St. Clair ; W. D. Connelly, Post 8, Philadelphia.
1870— C. K. Campbell, re-elected; Chas.S. Greene, Post 2,
Phihulelphia ; Thos. A. Nicholls, Post 47, St. Clair ; Lane S. Hart,
Post 58, Harrisburg ; Frank Reeder, Post 129, Eastou.
1871 — Chas. S. Greene, Lane S. Hart, re-elected ; Geo. W.
Grant, Post 16, Reading ; W. C. Barns, Post 71, Philadelphia ;
A. B. Howell, Post 129, Easton.
1872— Chas. S. Greene, W. C. Barns, re-elected ; A. J. B.
Berger, Post 129, Easton ; W. H. Willock, Post 151, Birming-
ham ; J. W. Simpson, Post 27, Philadelphia.
1873 — John P. Rea, Post 84, Lancaster (Commander-in-Chief,
Chapter XXVI) ; Norman M. Smith, Post 117, Pittsburgh ; J. G.
Heilinan, Post o2, Jonestown ; J. B. Linn, Post 90, Bellefonte ; W.
J. Mackey, Post 8, Philadelphia.
* Deceased.
Department of Pennsylvania. 473
1874— John T. Brady, Post 5, Philadelphia ; C. O. Ziegenfuss,
Post 182, Bethlehem ; *G. W. Durrell, Post 16, Beading ; W. W.
Jennings, Post 58, Harrisburg ; A. H. Dill, Post 52, Lewiston.
1875 — W. J. Mackey, C. O. Ziegenfuss, re-elected ; Oscar Bol-
ton, Post 6, Germantown ; S. D. Cozzens, Post 10, Philadelphia ;
H. S. Thomas, Post 31, West Chester.
1876— J. K. Mullikin, Post 1, Philadelphia ; J. E. Bryan, Post
55, Frankford ; C. H. Foote, Post 71, Philadelphia ; Chas. H.
Gresh, Post 97, Wilkesbarre ; O. A. Lnckenbach, Post 182, Beth-
lehem.
1877— W. J. Mackey, Post 8, Philadelphia ; W. J. Kramer, Post
46, Philadelphia ; John Taylor, Post 51, Philadelphia ; Jas. E.
McLane, Post 21, Philadelphia ; O. A. Parsons, Post 91, Wilkes-
barre.
1878— Fred. P. Simon, Post 7, Philadelphia ; E. G. Carpenter,
Post 10, Philadelphia ; G. W. Kennedy, Post 23, Pottsville ; E.
G. Sellers, Post 8, Philadelphia ; *Geo. W. Durrell, Post 16,
Reading.
1879— Eli G. Sellers, re-elected; *Chas. McKnight, Post 18,
Philadelphia; L. W. Shengle, Post 94, Philadelphia ; Jno. V. Sailer,
Post 63, Philadelphia ; R. M. J. Reed, Post 56, Philadelphia.
1880— E. G. Sellers, L. W. Shengle, re-elected ; W. C. Hanna,
Post 24, Philadelphia ; H. Johnson, Post 7, Philadelphia ; Joseph
Gould, Post 92, Mt. Carmel.
1881— E. G. Sellers, re-elected ; Edwin Walton, Post 63, Phila-
delphia ; A. J. Speese, Post 35, Philadelphia ; Wm. E. Hoffman,
Post 46, Philadelphia; W. F. Aull, Post 117, Pittsburgh.
1882— E. G. Sellers, W. F. Aull, re-elected ; L. W. Shengle,
Post 94, Philadelphia ; A. J. Sellers, Post 1, Philadelphia ; T. K.
Donnelly, Post 63, Philadelphia.
1883— E. G. Sellers, L. W. Shengle, re-elected; J. H. Missemer,
Post 160, Philadelphia ; Jno. F. Hunter, Post 3, Pittsburgh ; Al-
bert Shaeffer, Post 46, Philadelphia.
1884— Eli G. Sellers, L. AV. Shengle, Jno. F. Hunter, re-elected;
W. C. Johnson, Post 12, Roxborough ; Jas. T. Long, Post 51,
Philadelphia.
* Deceased.
474
Grand Army of the Kepublic.
1885— E. G. Sellers, W. C. Johnson, J. F. Hunter, Jas. T. Long,
re-elected ; Amos Coar, Post 63, Pliiladelpliia.
1886— E. G. Sellers, L. W. Sliengle, Jno. F. Hunter, re-elected ;
Thad. L. Yanderslice, Post 2, Philadelphia ; M. L. ■\\'agenseller.
Post 148, Selinsgrove.
1887— E. G. Sellers, M. L. Wagenseller, Jno. F. Hunter, T. L.
Yanderslice, re-elected ; Wm. Emsley, Post 51, Philadelphia.
1888— Eli G. Sellers, M. L. Wagenseller, John F. Hunter, Wm.
Emsley, re-elected ; Benj. L. Myers, Post 46, Philadelphia.
MUSTER OF GENERAL GRANT.
Comrade Samuel Worth-
ington, then Adjutant of Gen-
eral Geo. G. Meade Post No.
1, Philadelphia, was the orig-
inator of the movement to en-
list General Grant as a mem-
ber of that Post.
An application containing
the official military record of
General Grant was forwarded
to him with the request that
he would complete the same
Toy affixing his signature.
General Grant replied, as
shown in the fac-sjmile letter
herewith. He was greatly
pressed for time on reaching Philadelphia, and it was found nec-
essary to have a special service for his muster, in the private
office of Geo. W. Childs, Public Ledger building, for which a
dispensation was granted by Department Commander Giviu.
Post Commander Geo. "W. Devinney then mustered General Grant
on the morning of May 16, 1877, in the presence of a number of
members of Post 1.
After his muster in the Grand Army of the Republic, in ac-
cordance with arrangements previously made. General Grant
received the greetings of many hundred veterans of Philadelphia
and vicinity, in TndejxMidenco Hall.
Upon his return from the tour around the world, he received
U. S. GltANT.
^
// ^2
/
^--z^^
CZ^ ^x c^/^-<, ^
-^^^^z^^^ - ^ /^H^ 4^c^. ^
Department of Pennsylvania. 475
a most enthusiastic welcome at a Grand Army Camp-fire in the
Academy of Music, Pliiladelphia, December 12, 1879.
That large building was filled by members of the Grand Army
of the Eepublic. On the stage were grouped the National and
Department ofiicers, the Committee of Arrangements, officers of
Posts, and soldiers' orphans from the Homes in Philadelphia.
A number of personal friends of General Grant also occupied
seats on the stage, and in the private boxes, among them Bishop
Simpson, Geo. AV. Childs and Geo. H. Stuart.
General Grant was escorted to the Academy of Music by
Post No. 1, and a representative delegation from each city Post,
Grouped around his carriage were the bearers of thirty tattered
battle-flags. The route was one blaze of fire-works, and the en-
thusiasm of the people as General Grant and his escort passed
reached the highest pitch, making a scene never to be forgotten
by those privileged to witness it.
General John P. Hartranft, Post 11, presided at the Academy.
Governor Henry M. Hoyt, Post 97, made an eloquent address of
welcome. General Grant replied, speaking in a clear and distinct
tone that was plainly heard all over the building, and was listened
to with the closest attention. He said :
Governor Hoyt and Comrades of the Grand Army of the Republic :
It is a matter of very deep regret with me that I had not thought of something or
prepared something to say in response to the welcome which I am receiving at your
liands this evening, but really since my arrival I have not had the time and before
that I scarcely thought of it. But I can say to you all that in the two years and
seven months since I left this city to make a circuit of the globe, I have visited every
capital in Europe and most of the Eastern Nations, but there has not been a country
which I have visited in that circuit where I have not found some of our members.
In crossing our own land from the Pacific to the Atlantic side, there is scarcely a new
settlement, a cattle range or collection of pioneers, that they are not almost entirely
composed of veterans of the late war. It calls to my mind the fact, that while wars
are to be deplored, and unjust wars always to be avoided, yet they are not an un-
mixed evil. The boy who is brought up in his country home, or his village home, or
his city home, without any exciting cause, is apt to remain there and follow the pur-
suit of his parent, and not develop beyond it, and in the majority of cases, not come
up to it; but being carried away in the great struggle, and particularly one where so
much principle is involved as in our late conflict, it brings to his view a wider field
than he contemplated at his home, and although in his field service he longs for the
home he left behind him. yet when he gets there he finds that a disappointment, and
has struck out for new fields, and has developed the vast dominions which are given
to us for our keeping— for the thou.sands of liberty seeking people. The ex-soldier
has become the pioneer, not only of our land, but has extended our commerce and
trade, and knowledge of us and our institutions to all other lands, and when brighter
days dawn upon other nations — particularly those nations of the East America will
476 Grand Army of the Republic.
step in for her share of tlie trade which will be opened, and through the exertions of
the ex-soldiers, the comrades, veterans, and I might say. members of the Grand Army
of the Republic.
Comrades, having been compelled, as often as I have been since my arrival in
San Francisco, to utter a few words not only to ex-soldiers but to all other classes of
citi7.ens of our great country, and always speaking without any preparation, I have
necessarily been obliged to repeat, possibly not in the same words, but the same
ideas. But the one thing I want to impress is that we have a country to be proud of,
to t^ght for and die for if necessary. While many of the countries of Europe give
practical protection and freedom to the citizen, yet there is no European country
that compares in its resources with our own. There is no country where tlie ener-
getic man can, l)y his own labor and his own industry, ingenuity and frugality, ac-
quire competency as he can in America.
A trip abroad, and the study of the institutions and difficulties of a poor man
making his waj" in the world, is all that is necessary to make us better citizens and
happier with our lot here.
Comrades, I thank you for the very cordial welcome you have given me, and I
regret that I have not been prepared to say better what I would like to say to you.
After his address, General Grant was presented with a solid
gold Grand Army badge — probably the only one ever so made.
GRAND ARMY DAY AND REUNIONS.
The Department of Pennsylvania owes much of the success it
has achieved to the fraternal feelings stimulated and maintained
by the many reunions held in the State.
" Grand Army Day " was first observed in 1877, when the
Eleventh Anniversary of the formation of the Order in Pennsyl-
vania was celebrated by a parade of the Department, all in the
ranks appearing in full Grand Army uniform ; followed in the
afternoon and evening by interesting public exercises in the main
Exhibition Building of the Centennial Exposition in Fairmount
Park, Philadelpliia. So long as this building was maintained, the
Grand Army Day ceremonies were there held each October, but
the expense attendant upon Posts visiting from any great dis-
tances prevented many from making annual visits, and the pa-
rades, therefore, were participated in mainly by Posts of Phila-
delphia and vicinity.
The general observance of Grand Arm}' Day has given place
to a large number of reunions held at different points in the
State through the joint action of Posts located in one or more
counties, and all of these have been very successful, especially in
the smaller towns, where there has been a general closing of
places of })usiness on that day, and the people have turned out
en masse to greet the veterans.
Department of Pennsylvania. 477
gettysburg.
In 1872, the Department Encampment met at Gettysburg, but
much less interest was manifested in this, the first reunion on this
historic battle-field, than was anticipated. The Department at
that time had less than 4,000 members, and no further efforts were
made to hold reunions there until July 24, 1878, when there was a
large and very successful meeting.
Since then, with the exception of the years 1879 and 1884, the
Department of Pennsylvania has there encamped for a full week
each summer; and these Encampments have added greatly to the
public interest in this battle-field by the presence of so many vet-
erans, and have attracted thousands of other visitors. The State
has loaned the Department all the tents and camp equipage re-
quired.
The preservation of the natural and artificial defences of this
great battle-field in a large degree in the condition it was left after
the battle, was due to the forethought of several leading citizens
of Gettysburg, who fully appreciated the place it would occupy
in history.
The Gettysburg Battle-field Memorial Association was incor-
porated by an Act approved April 30, 1864, with ample powers
and authority to purchase lands, lay out and improve roads and
avenues and supervise the erection of memorial structures.
The Association, from time to time, as funds in the treasury
justified, has purchased land and now holds in fee simple over
five hundred acres, embracing the grove where General Reynolds
fell, the two Round Tops, the Wheat Field, East Cemetery Hill,
Gulp's Hill, the entire Union line of battle from Cemetery Hill to
Round Top, the Union line of battle from Fairfield road to Mum-
masburg road, etc. It has also the care and custody of about
forty acres of land owned by General Crawford, including the
"■ Devil's Den " and the ground lying between the Wheat Field
and the Round Tops. About sixteen miles of drive-way along
the Union lines, reaching various points of interest, have been
constructed, a large portion of which is substantially enclosed.
The places reached by these drive-ways are off the public roads,
and heretofore could only be traversed on foot.
The lands already purchased form relatively a small proportion
of the twenty-five square miles of territory which the field em-
braces, and which the General Government has surveyed, and it
478 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
is hoped tluit fimils will soon be secured to add very largely to the
property of the Association.
The stock of the Association is held mainly by Posts and mem-
bers of the Grand Army of the Kepiiblic.
The following appropriations have been made direct to the
Association for the purchase of lands, opening avenues, etc. :
Pennsylvania, $16,000 ; Minnesota, $1,000 ; Massachusetts,
§5,000 ; Connecticut, $2,500 ; Rhode Island, $1,000 ; New York,
$20,000 ; New Hampshire, $1,000 ; New Jersey, $8,000 ; Delaware,
$500 ; Vermont, $1,500 ; Maine, $2,500 ; Ohio, $5,000 ; Michigan,
$2,500 ; Wisconsin, $1,500 ; Maryland, $1,000.
Besides these, Massachusetts appropriated $13,000 for the
erection of monuments ; Rhode Island, $2,000 ; New Jersey, $6,000 ;
Indiana, $3,000 ; Minnesota, $500 ; New Hampshire, $2,000 ; Dela-
Avare, $1,500, Yermout, $6,500, Ohio $35,000. New^ York and Penn-
sylvania have each appropriated $1,500 to erect a monument to
each command from their respective States in the battle, making
for New York a total of $130,500, and for Pennsylvania, $121,500.
Maine, Maryland, Michigan and AYisconsin, appropriated $1,000
to each command. The United States Government has apj^ro-
priated $15,000 to be expended in marking the position of regu-
lar troops, and surveys have been completed of their positions.
Maryland appropriated $5,000 to mark the positions of Mary-
land Regiments in this battle. The monuments were dedicated
October 25, 1888. Pennsylvania also contributed $20,000 for the
National Cemetery at Gettysburg.
A large number of monuments, tablets, statues, etc., have been
erected by regiments and batteries, and many others will be placed
in position in the near future. Only two States, having three
regiments each in this battle, have failed to make an appropri-
ation for this purpose.
The Board of Directors is comjjosed almost exclusively of
members of the Grand Army of the Republic. Representatives
from the different States making contributions have been placed
on the Board. The following are now (1888) so serving :
President, General Jas. A. Beaver, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania,
Governor of Pennsylvania ; Yice-President, Colonel C. H. Bueli-
ler. Post 9, (lettysburg, Pennsylvania ; Secretary, John M. Krauth,
Post 9, Gettysburg ; Treasurer, J. Lawrence Schick, Gettysburg ;
Superintendent of Grounds, Sergeant Nicholas G. Wilson, Post 9.
Department of Pennsylvania. 479
directors.
Major-General S. W. Crawford, United States Army, Post 191,
Philadelphia ; General Louis Wagner, Post 6, Germantown, Penn-
sylvania, Past Commander-in-Chief, Grand Army of the Republic ;
J. M. Yanderslice, Post 2, Philadelphia, Past Department Com-
mander, Pennsylvania ; Colonel Chill W. Hazzard, Post 60, Mo-
nongahela, Pennsylvania, Past Department Commander, Pennsyl-
vania ; General Henry A. Barnum, Post 77, New York, Past
Department Commander, New York ; General Frank D. Sloat,
Post 17, New Haven, Connecticut, Past Department Commander,
Connecticut ; General Charles L. Young, Post 15, Toledo, Ohio,
Past Senior Yice-Commander-in-Chief ; John C. Linehan, Post
31, Penacook, New Hampshire, Past Junior Yice-Commander-
in-Chief ; General Lucius Fairchild, Post 11, Madison, Wiscon-
sin, Past Commander-in-Chief ; Major John P. Piea, Post 4, Min-
neapolis, Minnesota, Past Commander-in-Chief ; Colonel Wheel-
ock G. Yeazey, Post 14, Rutland, Yermont, Past Judge-Advocate-
General ; Colonel George G. Briggs, Grand Rapids, Michigan ;
Colonel John B. Bachelder, Boston, Massachusetts, Government
Historian of the Battle of Gettysburg ; Cai3tain W. E. Miller,
Post 201, Carlisle, Pennsylvania ; Colonel Charles .H. Buehler,
Sergeant Wm. D. Holtzworth, Jacob A. Kitzmiller, Calvin Ham-
ilton, Rev. H. W. McKnight, D. D., of Post 9, Gettysburg ; J. L.
Schick, and S. Mc. Swope, Esq., Gettysburg.
PENNSYLVANIA SOLDIERS ORPHANS SCHOOLS.
In June, 1862, the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, which as
a corporation had zealously supported the Government in the
prosecution of the war, tendered to Governor Andrew G. Curtin
the sum of $50,000, to be used in the equipment of troops for the
field.
Governor Curtin having no authority to accept this gift, ob-
tained the consent of the Railroad Company for its use in the
erection of a Soldiers' Home, the need of which had even then
been demonstrated. Having obtained this consent, Governor
Curtin earnestly presented this subject to the Legislature, but the
proposition was coldly received by the lower House.
Discouraged somewhat, but not disheartened, Governor Curtin
480 Grand Army of the Republic.
thought there would be a better chance of success with another
project, the necessity for which had been deeply impressed upon
him, the care and education of the soldiers' orphans. Again he
applied to the Railroad Company for its consent to such a trans-
fer, and then requested Prof. J. P. Wickersham, of Lancaster, to
draft a bill, for presentation to the Legislature, which would cover
the whole ground of education and maintenance by the State of
all soldiers' orphans, or children of indigent, honorably discharged
soldiers and sailors.
Such a bill was accordingly prepared and presented, but as in
the previous proposition, the lower House, while willing to per-
mit acceptance of the donation of the Pennsylvania Railroad
Company, was decidedly averse to any expenditure of State funds.
For this reason, they substituted for the proposed bill, a new one
that provided for the expenditure of this $50,000 of the company
through the school-directors of the several school-districts whose
duty it should be " to make arrangements for the maintenance and
schooling of the orphans resident within their district by con-
tracting with suitable parties * * * upon .such terms * *
that the services of such children shall either in whole or in part
be accepted as an equivalent for the necessary expenses incurred
in their maintenance and schooling." The amount allowed for
each child was from $10 to $30 per annum, " according to the age,
extent of destitution, state of health and other circumstances of
the children."
It seems almost incredible that even a small minority of the
Legislature of the State of Pennsylvania should consider such a
proposition, yet the bill for thus meanly farming out, as paupers,
the orphans whose fathers had so recently given their lives for
their country, actually passed the lower House. The bill was
unceremoniously rejected by the Senate.
When the House Bill was rejected, the best that could then
})e done was to secure consent to the acceptance of the donation
of $50,000, to be expended under the direction of a Superintendent
of Soldiers' Orphans, but no appropriation of any State funds was
then made.
Prior to this time, however, and without any thought of rec-
ompense from the State, provision had been made for the care of
soldiers' orphans in the Northern Home for Friendless Children
in Philadelpliia, under the charge of Mrs. E. E. Hutter, and in the
Department of Pennsylvania. 481
Soldiers' Orphan Home at Pittsburgh, which had been expressly
established for the purpose.
The Hon. Thomas H. Burro wes, of Lancaster, was appointed
Superintendent, and for the first year he made arrangements for
the care of 118 children in the above named institutions and in
the Allegheny Home for Friendless Children, Children's Home at
Lancaster, the Church Home for Children, and St. Paul's Orphan
Asylum in Philadelphia.
Other educational institutions afterwards made provision for
soldiers' orphans until the special Schools or Homes were regu-
larly established.
In 1865 there was a decided change in the Legislature, and
$75,000 were appropriated to continue the schools. Each year
following, larger appropriations were made, until the highest
amount in any one year, $530,000, was reached in 1870. At the
close of the school-year. May, 1871, 3,607 children were on the
rolls.
The first bill provided only for children whose fathers had
been killed or died of wounds received or disease contracted in
the service. Through the efforts of the Grand Army of the Ke-
public and other patriotic friends of the system, these restrictions
as to time or cause of death were removed, and the children of
destitute soldiers and sailors or the orphans of those who had
died from any cause, became entitled to the benefit of these
Homes.
The Legislature also at different times prescribed a date after
which no more applications should be received, but, through the
same influence, the time was finally extended to June 1, 1887.
The Act of 1883 also provided that the schools should be closed
June 1, 1890, at which time it is estimated nearly 1,600 children
will remain in the schools, who doubtless will be properly cared
for until they reach the age at which all others were discharged —
sixteen years.
The boys and girls discharged from these Homes, having re-
ceived a good education and careful training, have in nearly all
cases been able to care for themselves, and the " Sixteeners," as
they are called, are a credit to the State which, in grateful appre-
ciation of the services and sacrifices of their fathers, has done- so
much for them.
At present (1888) fifteen institutions care for 2,249 children.
The expenditures for the year ending May 31, 1888, were $364,196.82.
31
•482 Grand Army of the IIepublic.
lu all, 14,834 children liave been admitted to tlie different Homes.
The total ajjpropriatious from 1865 to June 1st, 1888, amount to
88,983,919.02.*
Pennsylvania's soldiers' and sailors' home.
Reference has been made to the efforts of Governor Curtin to
secure the establishment of a Soldiers' Home.
In 1869, Governor John AV. Geary strongly urged the Leg-
islature to make an appropriation for a Home " where the
helpless soldiers and sailors of the Republic should be amply
provided with the necessary comforts of life." The Department
Encampment, Grand Army of the Republic, strongly endorsed
this recommendation, but no action was taken by the Legislature
on account of the largely increasing appropriations needed for the
Soldiers' Orphans Schools.
In 1867, the State had appropriated money for the erection of
a Marine Hospital at Erie, and about $100,000 had been expended
on the main building, when work was stopped by the refusal of
the Legislature to make further appropriations. This building
remained unoccupied for several years, and in 1877, Post No. 67,
of Erie, agitated the question of its use for a Soldiers' Home.
Through the efforts of this Post, the Legislature consented to the
transfer of the buildings and grounds to the United States as a
branch of the National Homes, and the committee of the Post en-
deavored to secure a favorable recommendation from the Board
of Managers of the National Homes, but without success.
In June, 1883, Post No. 11, of Norristown, on motion of
Colonel Theo. W. Bean, adoj)ted a resolution :
" That the establishment of Soldiers' Homes in Pennsylvania
for the aged, destitute and disabled survivors of her volunteer
troops is a present necessity, and that such Homes should be self-
supporting by utilizing land, and other mechanic arts."
In January following, Commander-in-Chief Beath strongly
recommended the Department Encampment to move in this mat-
ter, and a committee was then appointed to fully consider the sub-
ject, and report such action as should be deemed necessary.
In 1885 a bill for the purpose was presented in the Legislature
by Hon. I. B. Brown, Post 70, Corry, appropriating $30,000 for
*For a more extended account of these Homes, see Wickershams History of Edu-
cation in Pennsylvania, pages 586-005, and Paul's History of Soldiers' Orphans
Schools.
Department of Pennsylvania. 483
fittiug up and furnishing a Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, and
$70,(^00 for its maintenance for two years.
The Governor, State Treasurer, Auditor-General, one member
of th^i State Senate, and tAvo members of the House of Repre-
sentatives, with five ex-soldiers or sailors to be named by the
Commander of the Department of Pennsylvania, Grand Army of
the Republic, constituted the Board of Trustees. With the ex-
ception of Governor Robt. E. Pattison, who took -a very deep in-
terest in the project, all of the Trustees were members of the
Grand Army of the Republic. Governor Pattison was afterwards
succeeded on the Board by Governor James A. Beaver.
The Marine Hospital at Erie was selected for the Home, and
was opened for the reception of inmates February 22, 1886.
The building, as then arranged, could only accommodate about
200 inmates, so the State appropriated in 1887, $1-0,000 for its ex-
tension and $113,700 for maintenance for the years 1888-89. The
Home, when these additions are fully completed, will have am.ple
accommodations for 600 inmates. The trustees (1888) are — Presi-
dent, Governor James A. Beaver; Vice-President, Robt. B. Beath;
Secretary, Thos. J. Stewart ; Treasurer, General Louis Wagner ;
Thos. McCamant, Auditor-General ; W. B. Hart, State Treasurer ;
General J. P. S. Gobin, State Senate ; Hon. Chas. R. Gentner and
Robt. Chadwick, House of Representatives ; I. B. Brown, Jno. M.
Vanderslice — all members of the Grand Army.
MEMORIAL DAY.
Memorial Day was made a legal holiday by Act of the Legis-
lature approved May 26, 1874. The Act specified that when May
30 falls on Sunday, the day preceding shall be observed.
BURIAL OF DECEASED SOLDIERS.
By an Act presented by Assistant Adjutant-General T. J. Stew-
art, Member of the House from Montgomery county, passed May
13, 1885, it was made the duty of the County Commissioners in
each county to provide decent burial for each honorably dis-
charged soldier or sailor dying in indigent circumstances. The
expenses are not to exceed $35.
Comrades of the Grand Army have been appointed in nearly
all the counties of the State to report all such cases and attend to
the necessary details.
484 Grand Army .of the Republic.
discharges, etc.
Bj an Act passed April 30, 1885, it was made a misdemeanor,
punishable by fine or imprisonment, to withhold the commis-
sions or discharges of any honorably discharged soldier, sailor
or marine.
ISSUE OF ARMS, ETC.
By an Act approved June 1, 1887, the Adjutant-General is au-
thorized to supply Posts of the Grand Army of the Republic and
Camps of the Sons of Veterans with arms and accoutrements not
necessary for the equipment of the National Guard.
DEPARTMENT OF DELAWARE.
Delaware was first organized as a Provisional Department
May 24, 1868, with Colonel A. H. Grimshaw, 4th Delaware Vol-
unteers, Provisional Commander.
During his term four Posts were chartered, but no detailed
reports were made to National Headquarters, In 1869, Captain
James Lewis, 1st Delaware Volunteers, succeeded Colonel Grim-
shaw as Provisional Commander, and he in turn was succeeded
by Brevet Brigadier-General Daniel Woodall, now deceased. The
principal Post in the State, No. 1, at Wilmington, was maintained
until about 1872.
On January 14, 1880, General Thomas A. Smith Post No. 1,
was organized at Wilmington, with forty-six charter-members.
On July 5, 1880, a Provisional Department was formed, with the
following officers : Provisional Commander, Robt. C. Fraim, Wil-
mington ; Senior Vice-Commander, John AVainwright, Wilming-
ton ; Junior Vice-Commander, J. S. Valentine, now deceased ;
Assistant Adjutant-General, Wm. S. McNair, Wilmington ; Assis-
tant Quartermaster-General, Wm. Y. Swiggett, Wilmington.
The Permanent Department was formed at AVilmingtou, Janu-
ary 14, 1881. Annual meetings have been held as follows :
L January 14, 1881, Wilmington ; XL January 11, 1882, Wil-
mington ; III. January 12, 1883, Wilmington ; IV. January 11,
Department of Delaware. 485
1884, Wyoming ; V. January 9, 1885, Dover ; VI. February 12,
1886, Wilmington ; VII. February 11, 1887, Wilmington ; VIII.
February 10, 1888, Dover.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
Provisional, Robt. C. Fraim, Post 1, Wilmington.
1881, W. S. McNair, Post 1, Wilmington ; 1882, John Wain-
wright, Post 2, Wilmington ; 1883, Daniel Ross, Post 1, Wilming-
ton; 1884, Chas. M. Carey, Post 11, Wyoming; 1885, J. S. Litzen-
berg, Post 2, Wilmington ; 1886, John M. Dunn, Post 1, Wilming-
ton; 1887, J. E. Mowbray, Post 3, Dover; 1888, K G. Buckingham,
Post 9, Pleasant Hill.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1881, *Joshua S. Valentine, Post 1, Wilmington ; 1882, John
J. Gormley, Post 5, New Castle ; 1883, fR. G. Buckingham ; 1884,
J. Le Roy Campbell, Post 7, Milford ; 1885, Geo. W. King, Post
1, Wilmington; 1886, fR. G. Buckingham; 1887, Edward Mc-
Donough, Post 5, New Castle ; 1888, John Wilkins, Post 7, Lin-
coln.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1881, Wm. E. Smith, Post 3, Dover ; 1882, Raymond Trusty,
Post 4, W^ilmington ; 1883, J. Harris Glatts, Post 2, Wilmington ;
1884, J. E. Robertson, Post 5, New Castle ; 1885, W. P. Corsa,
Post 7, Milford ; 1886, Wm. Jones, Post 6, Dover ; 1887, E. F.
Wood, Post 11, Wyoming; 1888, W. T. Griffinburg, Post 15,
Rising Sun.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1881, John P. Wales, Post 2, Wilmington ; 1882, Thos. A.
Keables, Post 1, Wilmington ; 1883, Edwin Anderson, Post 3,
Dover ; 1884, L. D. Calk, Post 11, Wyoming ; 1885, M. A. Booth,
Post 8, Newport; 1886, T. A. Keables, Post 1, Wilmington;
1887-88, AV. N. Hamilton, Post 14, Odessa.
* Deceased. f To Department Commander.
486 Grand AiiMi' of the Kepublic.
CHAPLAINS.
1881, W. H. Van Horn, Post 1, Wilmington ; 1882, A. N. Keg-
win, Post 2, AAllmington ; 1883-84, John F. AVilliamson, Post 9,
Pleasant Hill ; 1885, Absalom Carey, Post 11, Wyoming ; 1886,
K. C. Jones, Post 2, Odessa ; 1887-88, Absalom Carey, Post 11,
Wyoming.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1881, S. Kodmond Smith, Post 2, Wilmington ; 1882, Daniel
Ross, Post 1, Wilmington ; 1883, E. H. Gregg, Post 2, Wilming-
ton ; 1884, E. F. Wood, Post 11, Wyoming ; 1885, J. S. Wheeler,
Post 1, Wilmington ; 1886, Geo. W. King, Post 1, AVilmington ;
1887, H. J. Enright, Post 3, Dover ; 1888, ^Y. P. Voshell, Post 2,
Wilmington.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1881, John J. Gormley, Post 5, New Castle ; 1882, J. S. J^itzen-
berg. Post 2, Wilmington ; 1883, J. H. AYrightington, Post 1, Wil-
mington ; 1884, H. J. Enright, Post 3, Dover ; 1885, J. S. Booth,
Post 2, Wilmington ; 1886, Jas. M. Bryant, Post 13, Wilmington ;
1887, Jas. H. Truitt, Post 7, Milford ; 1888, Henry M. Whiteman,
Post 9, Pleasant Hill.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1881-82, S. A. MacAllister, Post 2, Wilmington ; 1883, Jas. R.
Lofland, Post 7, Milford ; 1884, R. C. Fraim, Post 1, Wilmington ;
1885, Geo. V. Massey, Post 3, Dover ; 1886, Geo. P. Fisher, Post
3, Dover ; 1887, Jas. R. Lofland, Post 7, Milford ; 1888, Geo. V.
Massey, Post 3, Dover.
INSPECTORS.
1881, Thos. D. G. Smith, Post 3,'Dover ; 1882, R. P. Martin,
Post 5, New Castle ; 1883, Jas. A. Price, Post 5, New Castle ; 1884,
W. P. Voshell, Post 2, Wilmington ; 1885, J. A. Price, Post 5,
New Castle ; 1886, Matthew Macklin, Post 13, AVilmington ; 1887,
Nathaniel Bayne, Post 2, Wilmington ; 1888, E. A. Finley, Post 2,
Wilmington.
Departmenp oj Delaware. 487
chief mustering officers.
1881-82, Pusey W. Jackson, Post 1, Wilmington ; 1883, C. M.
Carey, Post 11, AVyoming ; 1884, J. Harris Glatts, Post 2, Wil-
mington ; 1885, G. W. Worrall, Post 9, Pleasant Hill ; 1886, W.
H. Dillinger, Post 12, New Castle ; 1887, B. T. Collins, Post 7,
Milford ; 1888, J. E. E. Montgomery, Post 1, Wilmington.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1881 — Daniel Koss, Post 1, Wilmington ; A. P. Osmond, Post
2, Wilmington ; John H. Klingler, Post 3, Dover ; Simeon Hood,
Post 4, Wilmington ; Geo. M. Riley, Post 5, New Castle.
1882 — A. P. Osmond, Geo. M. Riley, Simeon Hood, re-elected ;
A. Wilhelm, Post 2, Wilmington ; R. G, Buckingham, Post 9,
Pleasant Hill.
1883— H. J. Enright, Post 3, Dover ; W. H. Purnell, Post 9,
Pleasant Hill ; E. J. White, Post 1, W^ilmington ; R. H. Smith,
Post 4, Wilmington ; Joseph Gordiner, Post 5, New Castle.
1884r— Wm. J. Blackburn, Post 2, Wilmington ; Alonzo Wright,
Post 12, New Castle ; Geo. M. Riley, Post 5, New Castle ; Jas.
Holland, Post 2, Wilmington ; Philip H. Burton, Post 4, Wil-
mington.
1885— Wm. E. Hopkins, Post 7, Milford ; Geo. W. Bull, Post
5, New Castle ; M. B. Bullock, Post 2, Wilmington ; Thos. An-
drews, Post 4, Wilmington ; J. E. Vantine, Post 12, New Castle.
1886— E. J. White, Post 1, Wilmington ; W. P. Voshell, Post
2, Wilmington ; B. D. Bogie, Post 2, Wilmington ; W. A. Truitt,
Post 7, Milford ; Alonzo Wright, Post 12, New Castle.
1887 — Sylvester Solomon, Post 1, Wilmington ; A. B. Moore,
Post 3, Dover ; E. A. Finley, Post 2, Wilmington ; J. H. Cham-
bers, Post 9, Stanton ; J. Andersx)n, Post 15, Magnolia.
1888 — Sylvester Solomon, re-elected ; Natl. Bayne, Post 2, Wil-
mington ; Wm. Miles, Post 4, Wilmington ; S. S. Myers, Post 8,
Newport ; J. R. Hess, Post H, Wyoming.
488 Grand Army of the riLPUBLic.
DEPAKTMENT OF MARYLAND.
Brevet Major-General Andrew W. Denison, who had been Col-
onel 8th Maryland Infantry and Commander of the Maryland
Brigade, represented, with a number of other veterans, the Mary-
land Boys in Bhie at the Pittsburgh Convention, September 24,
1866, and he was appointed on the Executive Committee with
instructions to consolidate if j^racticable, all the veteran organi-
zations in one association.
A charter was granted from National Headquarters for Post
1, Baltimore, under date of November 14, 1866, and later General
Denison was appointed Provisional Commander of the Depart-
ment, with Chas. H. Richardson, of Baltimore, as Assistant Adju-
tant-General.
On January 8, 1868, a Permanent Department was formed,
there then being 13 Posts chartered in the State, as follows : Post
1, Baltimore ; 2, Frederick City ; 3, Hagerstown ; 4, Baltimore ;
5, Baltimore ; 6, Annapolis ; 7, 8 and 9, Baltimore (colored Posts);
10, Cumberland ; 11, Westminster ; 12, Towsontown ; 13, Ellicott
City.
Comrades A. W. Denison, W. O. Bigelow, E. Y. Goldsbor-
ough, W. B. Parasene and F. W. Simon represented the Depart-
ment at the session of the National Encampment in Philadelphia,
January 15, 1868.
The Department organization was maintained until 1872.
Thereafter but one Post, No. 2, at Frederick, maintained its rela-
tions with the Order, and that Post reported to National Head-
quarters.
The records of the first organization are incomplete.
Meetings of the Department were held in Baltimore, as fol-
lows :
I. January 8, 1868 ; II. January 8, 1869 ; III. January 18,
1870 ; lY. January 18, 1S71.
DEPARTMENT " COMMANDERS.
Provisional, 1867, *Andrew W. Denison ; 1868-69, A. ^\. Deni-
son, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1870, E. Y. Goldsborough, Post 2, Fred-
erick ; 1871, E. T. Daneker, Post 5, Baltimore ; 1872, Adam E.
King, Baltimore.
* Deceased.
Department of Maryland. 489
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1869, *E. Y. Goldsborough ; 1870, *E. T. Daneker ; 1871, W.
O. Bigelow Post 6, Annapolis.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1869, tE. T. Daneker ; 1870, Felix Agnus, Post 1, Baltimore ;
1871, J. E. Fellman, Post 16, Baltimore. .
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1869, J. B. Chamberlain ; 1870-71, E. R. Baer.
CHAPLAINS.
1869, Geo. N. Scott ; 1871, H. S. Taggart.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1869-70, Chas. H. Richardson; 1871, Felix Agnus, Post 1,
Baltimore ; resigned ; succeeded bj J. Leonard Hoffman, Post 1,
Baltimore.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1870, N. H. Creager, Post 2, Frederick ; 1871, Theo. F. Harris.
INSPECTORS.
1870, H. F. Meyer, Post 4, Baltimore ; 1871, N. H. Creager,
Post 2, Frederick.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1870, W. O. Bigelow, Post 6, Annapolis ; 1871, S. H. Daneker.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1869— H. F. Meyer, Post 4; Wm. Stahl, Post 4, Baltimore; A.
Ward Handy, Post 7, Baltimore ; L. Henninghausen, J. Leonard
Hoffman.
1870— H. F. Meyer, Wm. Stahl, A. Ward Handy, re-elected ;
A. W. Danison, Post 1, Baltimore ; Chas. W. Daneker, Post 5,
Baltimore.
* To Department Commander. t To Senior Vice-Ccmmander.
iOO Grand Army of t:ie Eepublic.
1871 — A. "\V. Deuison, Win. Stahl, re-elected ; Theo. F. Harris,
Post 5, Baltimore, John E. King, Post 1, Baltimore ; John H.
Dittman, Post 1, Baltimore.
REORGANIZATION OF THE DEPARTMENT.
Wilson Post No. 1, Baltimore, was reorganized by charter
dated August 23, 1875.' On November £2, 1878, the Post opened
with imposing public ceremonies, probably the largest Post Hall
in the country which it still occupies.
General E. B. Tyler, Post 1, Baltimore, was appointed Pro-
visional Commander of the Department, February 15, 1876. The
following apjjointments were made : Senior Yic^-Commander, H.
L. Emmons, Jr., Post 1, Baltimore ; Junior Yice- Commander, Ed.
M. Mobley, Post 4, Hagerstown ; Assistant Adjutant-General,
Philip L. HitesheAv, Post 1, Baltimore ; Assistant Quartermaster-
General, Theo. F. Lang, Post 1, Baltimore. Council of Adminis-
tration : S. 11. Edwards, Post 1, Baltimore ; Peter J. Mayberry,
Post 4, Hagerstown ; William Glessner, Post 2, Frederick ; J.
Wesley Cephas, Post 7, Baltimore ; W. W. Walker, Post 4, Hag-
erstown.
The Permanent Department was organized in Baltimore, June
9, 1876. Posts represented : Wilson Post No. 1, Baltimore ; Jno.
F. Reynolds Post No. 2, Frederick ; Dushane Post No. 3, Balti-
more ; Reno Post No. 4, Hagerstown ; Tyler Post No. 5, Cumber-
land ; Lincoln Post No. 7, Baltimore.
Provisional Commander Tyler was elected Department Com-,
mander.
MEETINGS OF THE DEPARTMENT.
I. June 9, 1876, Baltimore ; XL 1877, Baltimore ; III. 1878, Bal-
timore ; IV. 1879, Baltimore ; V. 1880, Baltimore ; YI. 1881, Bal-
timore ; YIL January 18, 1882, Baltimore; YIII. January 24,
1883, Baltimore ; IX. January 22, 1884, Baltimore ; X. January
27, 1885, Baltimore ; XI. February 2, 1886, Baltimore ; XII. Feb-
ruary 21, 1887, Frederick ; XIII. 1888, AYestminster.
SEMI-ANNUAL MEETINGS.
I. Hagerstown, 1877 ; II. Cumberland, 1878.
Depaetment of Maeyland. 491
department commanders.
Provisional, E. B. Tyler, Post 1, Baltimore. Permanent De-
partment—June 9, 1876-1878, E. B. Tyler, Post 1, Baltimore;
1879, William E. Griffith, Post 5, Cumberland ; 1880-81, W. E. W.
Boss, Post 1, Baltimore (see Senior Vice-Commander-in-Cliief,
CliajDter XXI) ; 1882, Graham Dukehart, Posfl, Baltimore ; 1883,
John H. Suter, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1884, Frank M. Smith, Post 3,
Baltimore ; 1885, John W. Horn, Post 13, Westminster ; 1886,
Geo. W. F. Vernon, Post 2, Frederick ; 1887, H. P. Underhill, Post
1, Baltimore ; 1888, Theodore F. Lang, Post 1, Baltimore.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1876-77, H. L. Emmons, Jr., Post 1, Baltimore ; 1878, Thos.
L. Matthews, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1879, Chas. A. Kotan, Post 3,
Baltimore ; 1880, Thos. S. Norwood, Post 3, Baltimore ; 1881, W.
W. W^alker, Post 4, Hagerstown ; 1882, W. A. McKellip, Post 13,
Westminster ; 1883, Henry J. Johnson, Post 5, Cumberland ;
1884-85, *G. W. F. Vernon ; 1886, Jethro T. McCullough, Post 18,
Rising Sun ; 1887, H. S. Tagart, Post 3, Baltimore ; 1888, Geo. F.
Wheeler, Post 6, Baltimore.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1876, W. W. Walker, Post 4, Hagerstown ; 1877, Ed. M. Mob-
ley, Post 4, Hagerstown ; 1878, W. E. Griffith, Post 5, Cumber-
land; 1879, David R. Knull, Post 6, Baltimore; 1880, James
Cress, Post 10, Elkton ; 1881, R. H. Cameron, Post 9, North East;
1882, Thomas Hill, Post 21, Frostburg ; 1883, A. G. Alford, Post
6, Baltimore ; 1884, J. N. Richardson, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1885,
W. H. Foreman, Post 8, Woodbury ; 1886, Thos. Daly, Jr., Post 1,
Baltimore ; 1887, D. E. Brockett, Post 5, Cumberland ; 1888, Geo.
W. McCullough, Post 9, North East.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1876, E. R. Bear, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1877, C. E. G. McKee,
Post 4, Hagerstown ; 1878, A. W. Dodge, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1879,
Charles W. Cadden (died). Post 6, Baltimore ; succeeded by A. A.
White, Post 3, Baltimore ; 1880, A. A. White, Post 3, Baltimore ;
* To Department Commander.
492 Grand Army of the Republic.
1881-83, A. AY. Dodge, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1884, Theo. A. Worrall,
Post 9, North East ; 1885, Geo. R. Graham, Post 3, Baltimore ;
1886, A. A. White, Post 3, Baltimore ; 1887, Johu A. Schwartz,
Post 22, Baltimore ; 1888, Robert J. Henry, Post 39, Glyndon.
CHAPLAINS. ■
1876-79, Thos. L. Poulson, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1880, E. K.
Miller, Post 9, North East ; 1881, S. K. Herr, Post 13, Westmin-
ster ; 1882-85, Henry Edwards, Post 4, Hagerstown ; 1886-88, B.
F. Clarkson, Post 3, Baltimore.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1876, p. T. Hiteshew, Post 1, Baltimore ; Harrison Adreon,
Post 1, Baltimore ; Chas. W. Raphun ; 1877-78, Chas. W. Raj)hun,
Post 1, Baltimore (see Inspector-General, Chapter XVIII) ; 1879,
J. B. Winslow, Post 5, Cumberland, and Henry J. Johnson, Post
5, Cumberland ; 1880-82, John H. Suter, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1883,
Milo Y. Bailey, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1884-86, Thos. L. Matthews,
Post 1, Baltimore ; 1887, W. E. W. Ross, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1888,
H. A. Maughlin, Post 1, Baltimore.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1876-78, Theo. F. Lang, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1879, Thos. L.
Matthews, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1880, George P. Mott, Post 1, Bal-
timore ; 1881, AY. H. Searles, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1882, John W.
Worth, Post 3, Baltimore ; 1883, Wm. H. Searles, Post 1, Balti-
more ; 1884-86, John AY. AA^orth, Post 3, Baltimore ; 1887, John
H. Suter, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1888, John AY. AYorth, Post 3, Bal-
timore.
INSPECTORS.
1876-78, H. J. Johnson, Post 5, Cumberland ; 1879, John A.
Steiner, Post 2, Frederick ; 1880-81, R. N. Bowerman, Post 3,
Baltimore ; 1882, H. G. Hayden, Post 6, Baltimore ; 1883, Fred.
T. Murray, Post 3, lialtimore ; 1884, Jno. J. Bradshaw, Post 2,
Frederick ; resigned May 26 ; succeeded by Jno. AY. Kaufman,
same Post ; 1885, Geo. F. AYheeler, Post 6, Baltimore ; 1886, AY.
E. AY. Ross, Post 1, ]5altimore ; 1887, Thos. ])aly, Jr., Post 1, Bal-
timore ; 1888, Geo. R. Graham, M. D., Post 3, Baltimore.
Department of Maryland. 493
judge-advocates.
1876-77, Wm. A. McKellip, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1878, Isaac
McCurley, Post 6, Baltimore ; 1879, Riley E. Wright, Post 6, Bal-
timore ; 1880, J. I. Butler, Post 6, Baltimore ; 1881, H. L. Em-
mons, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1882, H. Clay Harris, Post 3, Baltimore ;
1883, John W. Saville, Post 3, Baltimore ; 1884, Jno. E. Wilson,
Post 10, Elkton ; 1885, L. M. Haines, Post 10, Elkton ; 1886, Her-
mon L. Emmons, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1887, Sylvester L. Stock-
bridge, Post 6, Baltimore ; 1888, L. Marshall Haines, Post 10,
Elkton.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1876-77, W. L. Morris, Post 2, Frederick ; 1878, C. A. Eotan,
Post 3, Baltimore ; 1879, Horace Noble, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1880,
Isaac G. Davis, Post 10, Elkton ; 1881, Chas. L. Marburg, Post 1,
Baltimore ; 1882, Geo. W. Johnson, Post 1, Baltimore ; 1883, John
A. Steiner, Post 2, Frederick ; 1884, Edward M. Mobley, Post 4,
Hagerstown ; 1885, W. H. Boyle, Post 11, Baltimore ; 1886, David
L. Stanton, Post 36, Baltimore ; 1887, John W. Steigerwald, Post
8, Woodbury ; 1888, Edward Schilling, Post 5, Cumberland.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1876— J. B. Winslow, Post 5, Cumberland ; J. W. Kaufman,
Post 2, Frederick ; S. K Edwards, Post 1, Baltimore ; W. H. Sei-
densticker. Post 4, Hagerstown ; Thomas Kanely, Post 3, Balti-
more.
1877— J. B. Winslow, W. H. Seidensticker, re-elected ; Theo.
W. Dew, Post 1, Baltimore ; G. W. Glessner, Post 2, Frederick ;
Geo. Brown, Post 3, Baltimore.
1878— B. F. Matthews, Post 1, Baltimore; J. M. Deems, Post 6,
Baltimore ; Jno. W\ Kaufman, Post 2, Frederick ; F. M. Smith,
Post 3, Baltimore ; H. AVhite, Post 5, Cumberland.
1879— James M. Deems, Frank M. Smith, re-elected ; John
Steigerwald, Post 8, Woodbury ; S. R. Edwards, Post 1, Balti-
more ; Thos. H. Chester, Post 7, Baltimore.
1880— L. M. Zimmerman, Post 2, Frederick ; F. F. Murray,
Post 3, Baltimore ; Theodore Dew, Post 1, Baltimore ; Jno. T.
Carr, Post 8, Woodbury ; W. H, Spriggs, Post 7, Baltimore.
194 Grand Army of the Republic.
1881— J. W. C. Ciuiay^ Post 1, Baltimore ; Jno. W. Saville,
Post 3, Baltimore ; Leroy E. Baldwin, Post 6, Baltimore ; C. C.
Speed, Post 6, Baltimore ; Wm. H. Slieppard, Post 7, Baltimore.
1882— L. E. Baldwin, re-elected ; C. A. Moore, Post 3, Balti-
more ; J. C. Hill, Post 1, Baltimore ; W. H. Foreman, Post 8,
"Woodbury ; J. E. Grace, Post 7, Baltimore.
1883 — L. E. Baldwin, re-elected ; E. H. Dunn, Post 8, Wood-
bury ; Thos. Hill, Post 21, Frostburg ; Milo V. Bailey, Post 1,
Baltimore ; James E. Cooper, Post 16, Baltimore.
1884 — L, E. Baldwin, re-elected ; Geo. W. Jolinson, Post 1,
Baltimore ; W. W. Walker, Post 4, Hagerstown ; Isaac Gillespie,
Post 19, Baltimore ; Wm. H. Foreman, Post 8, Woodbury.
1885— L. E. Baldwin, Geo. W. Jolinson, re-elected ; R. H.
Cameron, Post 9, Elkton; Jas. T. Wesley, Post 7, Baltimore; Geo.
W. W. Johnson, Post 3, Baltimore.
1886— L. E. Baldwin, Jas. T. Wesley, re-elected ; W. W.
Cooper, Post 8, Woodbury ; A. C. Evans and D. B, Ladd, Post 1,
Baltimore.
1887— W. B. Hudgins, Post 1, Baltimore ; John H. Fogle, Post
3, Baltimore ; David L. Stanton, Post 36, Baltimore ; Joseph
Young, Post 7, Baltimore ; John A. Fisher, Post 1, Baltimore.
1888— Henry Mehrling, Post 2, Frederick ; W. H. Knight, Post
3, Baltimore ; John Keller, Post 8, Woodbury ; I. D. Oliver, Post
7, Baltimore ; Eobt. H. Cameron, Post 9, :Elkton.
DEPARTMENT OF THE POTOMAC.
(District of Columbia.)
The " Soldiers and Sailors' Union " was organized in Wash-
ington in June, 1865, for the purpose, mainly, as stated in the call
for its first meeting, "for mutual aid and protection in securing
action in the settlement of accounts wuth the departments, and to
aid veterans in securing employment."
L. Edwin Dudley, of Massachusetts, was the first president.
Department op the Potomac. 495
and was succeeded January 1, 1866, by Major H. A. Hall, formerly
of 6th New York Cavalry.
The Union met weekly in Washington for about two years and
at one time had ever a thousand members.
It extended its work over quite a number of States, and the
organization was maintained until it was practically absorbed in
the Grand Army of the Republic.
Though not organized for political purposes, a large propor-
tion of its members were employed in the different departments
in Washington, and were naturally interested in political matters.
As an organization they strongly opposed the course of Presi-
dent Johnson, and issued the call for the meeting of Soldiers and
Sailors at Pittsburgh, referred to on page 26.
L. Edwin Dudley, Major H. A. Hall and others, representing
the Union, were there initiated into the Grand Army of the Re-
public, and Mr. Dudley was ajDpointed Aid-de-Camj) to the Com-
mander-in-Chief. He also served as Provisional Commander for
Washington until relieved, August 6, 1867, by General N. P. Chip-
man, who resigned when chosen Adjutant-General, Grand Army
of the Republic (see Chapter VII), and was succeeded by James
T. Smith.
Post No. 1, of Washington, was organized October 12, 1866,
with the following charter-members : W. L. Bramhall, Wilson
Miller, AVill A. Short, L. Edwin Dudley, H. A. Hall, J. T. Smith,
W. C. Porter, D. E. Curtis, J. B. Royce and J. E. Dougherty.
District organizations were established at Washington and at
Richmond, Virginia, the latter under the title, " District of Fair
Oaks," Geo. T. Egbert, Commander. Colonel W. L. Bramhall was
appointed Commander, " District of Washington," and on Septem-
ber 7, 1867, was ap.pointed by General Chipman as Assistant
Adjutant-General of the Provisional Department. In that capac-
ity he gave special attention to organizing Posts in the Southern
States, and also in a number of other States, in answer to applica-
tions sent to Washington.
It became necessary to issue supplies and orders for this pur-
pose direct from AVashington, without reference to National
Headquarters, and Rituals, Rules and Regulations and blanks
<vere obtained by him principally by requisition upon the De-
partment of New York, of which Colonel Fred. T. Bramhall was
Assistant Adjutant-General.
496 Grand Army of the Republic.
The permanent Department was formed February 13, 18G9,
ten Posts having been then chartered.
ANNUAL MEETINGS.
Annual Meetings have been held in Washington as follows :
I. February 13, 1869 ; II. January 15, 1870 ; III. January
21, 1871 ; IV. January 20, 1872 ; V. January 25, 1873 ; VI. Jan-
uary 30, 1874 ; VII. January 29, 1875 ; VIII. January 27, 1876 ;
IX. January 27, 1877; X. January 31, 1878; XI. January 31,
1879; XII. January 30, 1880; XIII. January 31, 1881; XIV.
January 30, 1882 ; XV. January 30, 1883 ; XVI. January 30, 1884 ;
XVII. January 15, 1885 ; XVIII. January 21, 1886 ; XIX. Jan-
uary 20, 1887 ; XX. January 19, 1888.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1866, Provisional, L. Edwin Dudley, Post 2 ; 1867-68, N. P.
Chipman, Post 1 (see Adjutant-General, Chapter VII) ;' February
11, 1868, James T. Smith, Post 1. Permanent Department — 1869,
Samuel A. Duncan, Pofet 1; 1870-72, *Timothy Lubey, Post 3
(see Quartermaster-General, Chapter VIII) ; 1873-74, Frank H.
Sprague, Post 6 ; 1875, James T. Smith, Post 1 ; 1876, Benj. F.
Hawkes, Post 2 (see Portrait, Department of Ohio) ; 1877, A. H.
G. Richardson, Post 1 ; 1878, George E. Corson, Post 6 ; 1879,
Harrison Dingman, Post 2 (see Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief,
Chapter XVIII) ; 1880, Charles C. Royce, Post 3 ; 1881, William
Gibson, Post 2 ; 1882-83, S. S. Burdett, Post 2 (see Commander-
in-Chief, Chapter XXIV) ; 1884, D. S. Alexander, Post 8 ; 1885, N.
M. Brooks, Post 3; 1886-87, Jerome B. Burke, Post 5; 1888,
Charles P. Lincoln, Post 2.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1868, R. Middleton, Post 2 ; 1869, G. AViley Wells, Post 2 ; 1870,
Newton Ferree, Post 1 ; 1871, fJames T. Smith ; 1872, fFrauk H.
Sprague; 1873, G. J. Webb, Post 3; 1874, fB. F. Hawkes;
1875, tG. E. Corson ; 1876, fA. H. G. Richardson ; 1877, tG. E.
Corson ; 1878, fH. Dingman ; 1879, fC. C. Royce ; 1880, W. H.
* Deceased. t To Department Commander.
Department of the Poto:.iac. 497
Webster, Post 1 ; 1881, Paul Brodie, Post 3 ; 1882, A. F. Medford,
Post 5 ; 1883, Fred. Mack, Post 3 ; 1884, *N. M. Brooks ; 1885,
*J. B. Burke ; 1886, W. S. Odsll, Post 8 ; 1887-88, M. E. Urell,
Post 1.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1869, G. W. Hatton, Post 4 ; 1870, A. Duddenhausen, Post 5 ;
1871, Ray P. Eaton, Post 6 ; 1872, J. K. Mills, Post 12 ; 1873, C.
A. Fleetwood, Post 4 ; 1874, fA. H. G. Richardson ; 1875, fB. F.
Hawkes; 1876, W. H. Kulins, Post 6 ; 1877, fH. Dingman ; 1878,
L. A. F. Havard, Post 6 ; 1879, G. J. P. Wood, Post 1; 1880, E. M.
Truell, Post 2; 1881, tA. F. Medford; 1882, tFred. Mack; 1883,
Wesley Howard, Post 4 ; 1884, S. A. H, McKim, Post 1 ; 1885,
J. W. Wisner, Post 2 ; 1886, H. H. Smith, Post 3 ; 1887, J. H.
Jochum, Post 7 ; 1888, J. M. Pipes, Post 3.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1869, J. Edwin Mason, Post 1 ; 1870, A. J. Huntoon, Post 1 ;
1871-72, J. H. Demeritt, Post 4 ; 1873-73, L. J. Draper, Post 6 ;
1877-78, W. T. Van Doren, Post 1; 1879-81, J. Edwin Mason, Post
1 ; 1882-87, Florence Donohue, Post 3 (see Surgeon-General,
Chapter XXVI); 1888, H. N. Howard, Post 10.
CHAPLAINS.
1869-73, Benj. Swallow, Post 3 ; 1874, F. W. Bogen, Post 7 ;
1875-78, George Taylor, Post 2 ; 1879-87, Benj. Swallow, Post 3 ;
1888, L. H. York, Post 5.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1867-68, W. L. Bramhall, for Provisional Department ; 186--
69, Timothy Lubey, Post 3 ; resigned April 20, 1869 ; succeeded
by M. C. Batty, Post 9, who was later succeeded by L. A. Brande-
bury. Post 1, and he, on November 26, by E. C. Kirkwood ; 1870,
H. C. Johannes, Post 4 ; resigned June 5 ; succeeded by C. C.
Royce, Post 3 ; 1871, C. C. Royce ; resigned April 22 ; succeeded
by John Tweedale, who was, on October 27, succeeded by John
* To Department Commander. f To Senior Vice Commander.
33
498 Grand Army of the Republic.
M. Keogh, Post 1; 1872, John M. Keogh ; resigned November 20 ;
succeeded by J. F. Linden, Post 2 ; 1873-74, G. E. Corson, Post 6 ;
1875, *A. H. G. Richardson, Post 1; resigned ; succeeded. May 7th,
by W. B. Brown, Post 2 ; resigned June 10 ; succeeded by W. H.
Kuhns, Post 6 ; 187G, *G. E. Corson, Post 6 ; 1877, C. W. Taylor,
Post 1 ; 1878, Ernst Schmidt, Post 6 ; 1879, Fred. Thomson, Post
3 ; 1880, Paul Brodie, Post 3 ; 1881-83, John Cameron, Post 2 (see
Adjutant-General, Chapter XXIY) ; 1884, Chas. H. Ingram, Post
8 ; 1885, John Cameron, Post 2 ; resigned June 10 ; succeeded by
J. C. S. Burger, Post 2 ; 1886-87, S. E. Faunce, Post 6 ; 1888, John
Cameron, Post 2.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1869, James Campbell, Post 1 ; succeeded, on April 20, by E.
F. M. Faehtz, Post 9 ; 1870-71, E. F. M. Faehtz, Post 9 ; 1872-37,
A. J. Gunning, Post 2 ; 1888, K B. Prentice, Post 5.
INSPECTORS.
1869, Newton Ferree, Post 1; 1870, E. F. O'Brien, Post 1; 1871,
John M. Keogh, Post 1 ; resigned October 27 ; succeeded by
Thos. H. Marston ; 1872, J. H. Sylvester, Post 5 ; resigned No-
vember 20 ; succeeded on January 26, 1873, by G. E. Corson, Post
6 ; 1873, J. F. Linden, Post 2 ; succeeded by Wm. Gibson, Post 2,
January 24, 1874 ; 1874, Wm. Gibson, Post 2 ; 1875, W. B. Brown,
Post 2 ; succeeded by G. E. Davis, Post 2, December 31 ; 1876,
C. C. Royce, Post 2 ; 1877, John Lynde, Post 2 ; resigned Novem-
ber 22 ; succeeded by G. J. P. Wood, Post 1, November 23 ;
1878, James Cross, Post 1; 1879, Newton Ferree, Post 1; 1880, AV.
S. Chase, Post 2 ; 1881, Abram Hart, Post 2 ; 1882, Ed. Morgan,
Post 5 ; resigned ; succeeded January 13, 1883, by H. Brooke,
Post 3 ; 1883, S. A. H. McKim, Post 1 ; 1884, Chas. Matthews,
Post 5 ; 1885, G. H. French, Post 1 ; 1886, J. C. S. Burger, Post
2 ] 1887, D. B. Gallatin, Post 10; 1888, John S. Stodder, Post 7.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1870-71, W. A. Brown, Post 1 ; 1872, C. C. Royce, Post 3 ;
1873-74, J. T. Smith, Post 1 ; 1875, F. H. Sprague, Post 6 ; 1876,
• To Department Commander.
Department of the Potomac. 499
II. H. Voss, Post 1 ; 1877, L. A. F. Havard, Post 6 ; 1878, S. G.
Merrill, Post 6 ; 1879, E. M. Truell, Post 2 ; 1880, J. T. Smith,
Post 1 ; 1881, W. H. Webster, Post 1 ; 1882, Jas. T. Smith, Post 1;
1883, S. C. Mills, Post 3 ; 1884, Fred. Mack, Post 1 ; 1885, C. P.
Crandall, Post 8 ; 1886, J. H. Jochiim, Post 7 ; 1887, Ellis Spear,
Post 8 ; 1888, G. B. Eaum, Post 8.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1873, S. M. Gordon, Post 2 ; 1874-75, G. J. P. Wood, Post 1 ;
1876, J. A. Campbell, Post 1 ; 1877, C. C. Adams, Post 2 ; 1878, E.
J. Dowling, Post 3 ; 1880, S. G. Merrill, Post 6 ; 1881, J. E. Par-
ker, Post 3 ; 1882, Daniel Eamey, Post 5 ; 1883, A. W. Prather,
Post 5 ; succeeded, October 30, 1883, by L. J. Melchoir, of Post
7 ; 1884, Dennis O'Connor, Post 1 ; 1885, *W. H. Winsor, Post 6 ;
died, and L. B. Parker, Post 6, appointed ; 1886-87, J. P. Church,
Post 6 ; 1888, A. S. Taber, Post 1. 1879, A. W. Taylor, Post 6.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1869— Timothy Lubey, Post 3 ; W. H. Slater, Post 1 ; H. A.
Myers, Post 6 ; J. H. Vaughan, Post 4 ; A. Duddenhausen, Post 5.
1870— W. H. Slater, re-elected ; W. H. Webster, Post 5 ; W. O.
Drew, Post 11 ; K. P. Eaton, Post 6 ; H. Dingman, Post 2.
1871— H. Dingman, W. O. Drew, re-elected ; A. G. Bliss, Post
5 ; Chas. E. Joyce, Post 3 ; C. A. Fleetwood, Post 14.
1872— C. A. Fleetwood, re-elected ; Francis Wood, Post 8 ; E.
C. Ford, Post 7 ; J. T. Smith, Post 1 ; K. W. Brelsford, Post 9.
1873 — Francis Wood, Post 8, resigned ; B. F. Hawkes, Post 2 ;
L. Twitchell, Post 7 ; James Campbell, Post 1 ; J. W. Tayler,
Post 6, resigned ; G. W. George, Post 6, vice Wood ; C. T. Wid-
straud. Post 7, vice A. H. M. Taylor ; A. H. M. Taylor, Post 6,
vice J. W. Tayler.
1874— C. T. Widstraud, Post 7 ; James Campbell, Post 1 ; G.
J. Webb, Post 7 ; G. W. George, Post 6 ; J. M. Cline.
* Deceased.
500 Grand Army of the Eepurlic.
1875 — James Campbell, re-elected ; W. H. Kuhns, Post 6 ; H.
W. Jackson, Post 2 ; A. H. G. Richardson, Post 1 ; Wm. Gibson,
Post 2.
1876— H. H. Bower, Post 1 ; J. W. Wisuer, Post 2 ; P. E.
Browner, Post 6 ; J. W. Corey, Post 1 ; Geo. J. Webb, Post 2.
1877 — G. J. Webb, J. W. Wisner, re-elected ; Jas. Cross, Post
1 ; ^\. H. Knlins, Post 6 ; C. C. Royce, Post 2 ; Timothy Lubey,
Post 3.
1878— C. C. Royce, W. H. Kuhns, re-elected; T. L. Lamb,
Post 1 ; H. J. Gifford, Post 1 ; C. C. Adams, Post 2.
1879— J. W. Wisner, Post 2 ; F. D. Stephenson, Post 3 ; John
0. Riley, Post 6 ; Stanton Weaver, Post 1 ; A. W. Whitcomb,
Post 6.
1880— J. M. Edgar, Post 2, resigned June 28, 1881 ; C. L.
Hulse, Post 1 ; Wesley Howard, Post -1 ; T. G. Allen, Post 5,
resigned January 28, 1881 ; * Jas. Cunningham, Post '6 ; M. A.
Dillon, Post 5, elected January 28, 1881, vice Allen ; A. C. Pitney,
Post 2, elected January 28, 1881, vice Edgar ; G. W. Wooley, Post
6, elected January 28, 1881, vice Cunningham.
1881— M. A. Dillon, re-elected ; R. R. Bronner, Post 6 ; John
Reeves, Post 4 ; D. O'Connor, Post 1 ; W. P. Saville, Post 3.
1882— W. P. Saville, re-elected ; Peter Wynne, Post 6 ; Levi
Nagle, Post 5 ; A. H. G. Richardson, Post 4 ; P. D. Haynes, Post
1, died August 3, 1882.
1883— W. P. Saville, Levi Nagle, re-elected ; H. E. Weaver,
Post 1 ; P. H. Weber, Post 7 ; D. A. Grosvenor, Post 8.
1884 — Levi Nagle, re-elected ; N. B. Fithian, Post 1 ; F. C.
Revells, Post 9 ; J. W. Palmer, Post 2 ; D. W. Atwood.
188,5— D. W. Atwood, N. B. Fithian, re-elected ; J. H. Baxter,
Post 10 ; W. W. Granger, Post 6 ; W. B. Pomeroy, Post 5.
188r>— N. B. Fithian, re-elected ; J. W. Butcher, Post 4 ; L. K.
Brown, Post 8 ; Chas. Matthews, Post 5 ; Butler Fitch, Post 6.
1887— F. C. Revells, Post 9 ; G. H. French, Post 1 ; Chas.
King, Post 3 ; F. A. Beuter, Post 1 ; N. B. Prentice, Post 5.
1888— F. C. Revells, F. A. Beuter, Chas. King, re-elected ; Ed.
AVebster, Post 6 ; L. K. Brown, Post 8.
* Deceased.
CHAPTER XXIX.
CENTRAL STATES
INCLUDING
OHIO, INDIANA, ILLINOIS, MICHIGAN, WISCONSIN, MISSOURI, IOWA,
MINNESOTA, KANSAS, NEBRASKA, AND DAKOTA.
DEPARTMENT OF OHIO.
General B. F. Potts, of Carrollton, Ohio, was appointed Pro-
visional Commander of this Department in 1866. The exact date
is unknown. General Potts
had entered the service Sep-
tember 4, 1861, as Captain
Company F, 32d Ohio Vol-
unteers, was promoted to
Lieutenant-Colonel, Novem-
ber 21, 1862 ; Colonel, De-
cember 25, 1862, and Brig-
adier-General, January 16,
1865. Was brevetted Ma-
jor General, March 13, 1865,
and mustered-out of serv-
ice January 15, 1866.
In 1870 he was appoint-
ed Governor of Montana,
and so served for twelve Captain H. E. Howe.
years. He died at Helena, Montana, June 17, 1887.
The date of the formation of the first Posts in Ohio cannot
now be definitely determined. In the roster of Posts as re-num-
bered, published in December, 1867, No. 1 was assigned to the
Post at Carrollton, and No. 2 at Zanesville.
Captain Henry E. Howe, now of Toledo, was by special orders
from Headquarters, Department of Illinois, dated May 9, 1866,
foCl I
502
Grand Army of the Republic.
Colonel B. F. Hawkes.
detailed to muster Posts in
the Tenth Congressional
District of Ohio, and on the
same date was detailed to
muster a Post in Detroit,
Michigan.
Captain Howe was at
that time serving as Judge-
Advocate on the staff of Gen-
eral John Cook, at Spring-
field, Illinois, and with Lieu-
tenant, afterwards Colonel,
B. F. Hawkes, of the same
staff, took an active interest
in the work of Dr. Steph-
enson, in the formation of
the Grand Army. On their muster-out, in September, 1866,
both these comrades returned to Ohio, and were detailed
specially as Aids by General B. F. Potts to ■ muster Posts in
that State. Both had appointments on the staff of the Com-
mander-in-Chief, and they at once began a tour of the State and
orgaui^ed several Posts each week, so that when the Convention
to form a permanent Department assembled at Columbus, Janu-
ary 30, 1867, General Potts was enabled to report that 135 Posts
had Ijeen chartered, and he stated that a larger number would
have been organized but for the failure of National Headquarters
to furnish them the new Rules and Rituals.
This Encampment was largely attended, and among the reso-
lutions adopted by it was the following :
Resolved, That the Grand Army of the Republic is not organized to make nomi-
nations for office nor as a mere secret combination to furtlicr the ambition of political
aspirants, but its purpose is to promote loyalty and to advance by all legitimate and
proper influences the general welfare and interests of the soldiers lately in the United
States Army, and to secure the attainment of these ends we invite the co-operation
and support of all patriotic and liberal minded citizens.
General Thos. L. Young, of Cincinnati, was elected Department
Commander. General Young was born December 14, 1832, near
Belfast, Jreland. He came to America with his parents, and when
not quite sixteen years of age, in the last year of the war with
Department of Ohio. 503
Mexico, enlisted in the Regular Army, and there served ten years,
five years as Orderly Sergeant 3d United States Artillery.
In 1859 he went to Cincinnati, and at the breaking out of the
rebellion was Assistant Superintendent of the House of Refuge.
On March 18, 1861, twenty-five days before the rebels fired on
Sumter, he wrote Lieutenant-General Scott offering his services
to aid in organizing the volunteer forces. In August, 1861, he was
appointed Captain of the Fremont Body-Guard, and so served
until January 1, 1862. In August, 1862, he was commissioned
Captain 118th Ohio Volunteers, and afterwards Major. He was
promoted to be Lieutenant-Colonel, February, 1863, and Colonel,
April, 1864. Was discharged for disability, September 14, 1864.
Brevetted Brigadier-General to date March 13, 1865. He took a
very active interest in political affairs and held a number of im-
portant offices ; was Governor of the State, 1877-78. He died
July 20, 1888.
Under General Young's administration, 108 Posts were char-
tered, and when Districts were abolished all the Posts of the De-
partment were re-numbered.
The second meeting of the Department was held in Cincinnati,
January 8, 1868, and in resolutions declared, speaking for the
Grand Army, " that while we deem it best and wisest to avoid all
political action as a body which the actual necessities of our
country may not require from us, leaving our members free to
act upon their consciences and in view of their responsibility to
God and their country, yet we hold it to be the duty of every man,
in or out of our Order, who enjoys that high attribute of freedom
— the elective franchise, to so exercise it that he may do no wrong
to the Republic."
By the close of 1868, the number of Posts had been increased
to 303, but the causes operating so strongly in other western De-
partments most seriously affected Ohio, as shown by the subse-
quent rapid decline in membership. In 1870 but 917 members were
reported ; in 1873, nineteen Posts and 800 members, and in 1875
there were but eight Posts, with 368 members. Of the Posts
organized in 1866, but two remained — Forsyth Post No. 15, To-
ledo, and Trescott Post No. 10, Salem. Of the 106 Posts organ-
ized in 1867, Buckley Post No. 12, Akron, alone survived, and of
those organized in 1868, only two, Veteran Post No. 5, National
Military Home, and Bowers Post No. 28, Geneva, answered roll
call.
504
Gkand Army of the Eepublic.
Notwithstanding these
discouraging circum-
stance.s, the Department
organization was maintain-
ed throughout and all re-
ports were made to Na-
tional Headquarters.
The falling off in mem-
bership beginning in 1868,
did not deter the few de-
termined comrades remain-
ing from taking upon
themselves the work of se-
curing funds for establish-
ing, and for a time main-
Captain T. D. McaiLLicTJDDY. taiulug the Soldiers' Or-
phans Home hereafter referred to.
The records of the Department for the early years are very
imperfect, and nearly all the data for those years, for this work,
were collected by Comrade T. D. McGillicuddy, of Akron, who was
one of the few who remained in and worked for the organization
in that tr^^iug period.
Meetings of the Department have been held as follows :
ANNUAL MEETINGS.
I. January 30, 1867, Columbus ; 11. January 8, 1868, Cincin-
nati ; III. January 18, 1869, Dayton ; IV. January 19, 1870, Co-
lumbus ; V. January 25, 1871, Massillon ; VI. January 24, 1872,
Akron ; VII. January 22, 1873, Dayton ; VIII. January 22, 1874,
Alliance ; IX. January 21, 1875, Akron ; X. January 26, 1876,
Xenia ; XI. January 18, 1877, Salem ; XII. January 23, 1878,
Geneva ; XIII. January 22, 1879, Xenia ; XIV. January 20, 1880,
Cleveland ; XV. January 26, 1881, Columbus ; XVI. January 18,
1882, Cincinnati ; XVII. January 17, 1883, Youngstown ; XVIII.
January 30, 1884, Zanesville ; XIX. January 28, 1885, Akron ;
XX. April 28, 1886, Cleveland ; XXI. A])ril 27, 1887, S])ringfield ;
XXII. April 2:), 1888, Toledo.
SEMI-ANNUAL MEETINGS.
July 9, 1869, Sandusky ; July 19, 1870, Cleveland ; July 19,
1871, Xenia ; July 24, 1872, Toledo ; July 24, 1873, Put-in-Bay ;
Department of Ohio. 505
July 23, 1874, Dayton ; August 30, 1876, Toledo ; September 8,
1886, Portsmouth ; September 7 aud 9, 1887, Piqua.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1866, Provisional, *B. F. Potts, Carrollton ; 1867, ^Thomas L.
Young, Cincinnati ; died July 20, 1888 ; 1868-70, J. Warren Kei-
fer, Springfield (Junior Yice-Commauder-in-Chief, Chapter XI) ;
1871-72, *William C. Bunts, Post 23, Cleveland ; died January 16,
1874 ; 1873-74, G. M. Barber, Post 23, Cleveland ; 1875, Alvin C.
Voris, Post 12, Akron ; 1876-77, *Wm. Earnshaw, Post 5, National
Military Home ; died July 17, 1885 (see Commander-in-Chief,
Chapter XVIIIj ; 1878, Nathan L. Guthrie, Post 9, Conneaut ; re-
signed December 13, on account of removal from the State ; suc-
ceeded by Jas, H. Seymour, Post 68, Hudson, Senior Vice-Com-
mander; 1879, ^Jas. B. Steedman, Post 15, Toledo ; died October
18, 1883 ; 1880, D. W. Thomas, Post 12, Akron ; 1881, John S.
Kountz, Post 15, Toledo (see Commander-in-Chief, Chapter
XXIII) ; 1882-83, Chas. T. Clark, Post 1, Columbus; 1884, Har-
lan P. Lloyd, Post 13, Cincinnati ; 1885, R. B. Brown, Post -81,
Zanesville ; 1886, Arthur L. Conger, Post 12, Akron ; 1887, *Daniel
C. Putnam, Post 45, Springfield ; died June 18, 1888, after a few
days illness, the results of a fall received on Memorial Day; 1888,
J. W. O'Neall, Post 213, Lebanon.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867, *Henry B. Banning, Mount Vernon ; 1868, Gustav Tafel,
Cincinnati ; 1869, Robert M. Moore, Cincinnati ; 1870, t*W. C.
Bunts ; 1871, J. B. Thomas, Post 5, National Military Home ;
1872, J. W. Smith, Post 15, Toledo ; 1873, E. M. Colver ; 1874-77,
J. S. Clemmer, Post 10, Salem ; 1878, fJ. H. Seymour ; 1879, C.
F. Lease, Post 10, Salem ; 1880, W. T. Buell, Post 8, Kingsville ;
1881, S. N. Maxwell, Post 13, Cincinnati ; 1882, J. O. McGowan,
Post 29, Youngstown ; 1883, Nathan Munshower, Post 165, Iron-
ton ; 1884, tR. B. Brown ; 1885, D. P. Bosworth, Post 178, Mari-
etta ; 1886, Chas. H. Wentzel, Post 76, Cincinnati ; 1887, C. H.
Jones, Post 433, Waynesburg ; 1888, John AY. Chapiu, Post 451,
Columbus.
* Deceased. f To Department Commauder.
)0G Grand Army of the Republic.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867, James Barnett, Cleveland ; 1868, O. S. McClung, Del-
aware ; 1870, Samuel Eaton, Cincinnati ; 1871-72, *J. S. Clemmer ;
1873, tN. S. Guuckle, Dayton ; died May 2, 1873, at Dayton ;
1874-75, tD. W. Thomas; 1876, T. D. McGillicuddy, Post 12,
Akron; 1877, J. B. Petty, Post 28, Geneva; 1878, D. R Gid-
dinger, Post 5, National Military Home ; 1879, D. G. Palmer,
Post 28, Geneva ; 1880, Samuel McCulloch, Post 11, Austinburg ;
1881, E. F. Mason, Post 7, Jefferson ; 1882, F. M. Young, Post
20, Weston ; 1883, T. E. Hoyt, Post 4, Ashtabula ; 1884, F. C.
Cully, Post 22, Defiance ; 1885, M. J. Sloan, Post 36, Warren ;
1886, B. N. Lindsey, Post 166, Steubenville ; 1887, J. W. Byron,
Post 5, National Military Home; 1888, E. A. Finn, Post 134,
Massillon.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1869, Dr. Kirkpatrick, Hamilton; 1871-73, fG. M. Boyd,
Xenia ; died February 1, 1873, at San Diego, California ; 1874—75,
James Armstrong, Post 62, Alliance; 1876-77, J. M, AVeaver, Post
5, National Military Home ; 1878, S. S. Burrows, Post 28, Geneva ;
1879, J. T. Woods, Post 15, Toledo ; 1880, D. G. Palmer, Post 28,
Geneva ; 1881, W. M. Cake, Post 27, Fostoria ; 1882-83, J. D.
Timmerman, Post 78, Leipsic ; 1884, A. C. Matthias, Post 75, Gil-
boa ; 1885, T. M. McClaran, Post 219, Wellington ; 1886, P. J.
Kline, Post 164, Portsmouth ; 1887, G. W. Harmon, Post 77, Lan-
caster ; 1888, F. A. Kitchen, Post 15, Toledo.
CHAPLAINS.
1869-75, tWm. Earnshaw ; 1876, Geo. W. Collier, Post 15,
Toledo (see Chaplain-in-Chief, Chapter IX) ; 1877, JN. L. Guth-
rie ; 1878, Thomas Powell, Post 28, Geneva ; 1879-80, M. D. Town-
send, Post 9, Conueaut ; 1881, W. H. Gibson, Post 31, Tiffin ;
1882-83, A. G. Byers, Post 1, Columbus ; 1884, T. C. Warner, Post
65, Elyria (see Chaplaiu-in-Chief, Chapter XXY) ; 1885, J. L.
Wyly, Post 157, (ireenville ; 1886-87, Then. W. Brake, Post 108,
Fayette ; 1888, T. J. Slieppard, Post 128, Bucyrus.
* To Senior Vice-Commander. f Deceased. X To Department Commander.
Depabtment of Ohio. 507
assistant adjutants-general.
1866, *7\\ J. Eckley, Carrollton ; 1867, B. F. Hawkes, North
Fairfield ; removed from the State iu April and was succeeded by
Chas. W. Karr, Cincinnati ; 1868-70, *W. J. Winters, Springfield ;
1871-72, E. M. Hessler, Post 23, Cleveland ; 1873-74, J. C. Roland,
Post 23, Cleveland ; 1875, U. L. Marvin, Post 12, Akron ; 1876,
*G. A. Blocher, Post 5, National Home ; resigned ; succeeded by
John D. Gibson, same Post ; 1877, Isaac B. Stevens, Post 5, Na-
tional Military Home (Adjutant-General, Grand Army of the Re-
public, Chapter XYIII); 1878, M. D. Townsend, Post 9, Cou-
neaut ; 1879, H. S. Bunker, Post 15, Toledo ; 1880, T. D. McGil-
licuddy, Post 12, Akron ; 1881, Geo. S. Canfield, Post 15, Toledo ;
1882-83, David Lanning, Post 1, Columbus ; 1884, C. N. Avery,
Post 13, Cincinnati ; 1885, H. A. Axline, Post 81, Zanesville ; re-
signed January 1, 1886, to assume duties of Adjutant-General of
State of Ohio ; H. L. Anderson, Chief Mustering Ofiicer, was ap-
pointed Assistant Adjutant-General for the remainder of the
term ; 1886, E. F. Taggart, Post 12, Akron ; 1887, Jas. E. Stew-
art, Post 45, Springfield ; 1888, Josiah Holbrook, Post 213, Le-
banon.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1866, J. R. McLaughlin, Carrollton ; 1867, W. C. Hickman,
New Lexington ; 1868, John S. Kountz, Post 15, Toledo ; 1869,
A. C. 'Deuel, Urbana ; 1870-71, J. H. Robinson, Springfield ;
1872-74, Theo. Yoges, Cleveland ; 1875, T. D. McGillicuddy, Post
12, Akron ; 1876-77, D. F. Giddinger, Post 5, National Military
Home ; 1878, A. Durkee, Post 9, Conneaut ; 1879, Geo. Sheets,
Post 14, East .Toledo ; 1880, C. F. Lamb, Post 12, Akron ; 1881,
W. E. Carpenter, Post 22, Defiance ; 1882, W. J. Elliott, Post 1,
Columbus ; resigned February 22, 1882 ; succeeded by Joseph
Amos, of same Post ; 1884, Robert Cullen, Post 200, Cincinnati ;
1885, F. C. Dietz, Post 81, Zanesville ; 1886, A. P. Baldwin, Post
12, Akron ; 1887, L-a W. Wallace, Post 45, Springfield ; 1888,
Thos. H. Black, Post 213, Lebanon.
INSPECTORS.
1868, Geo. W. Collier ; 1871-72, *W. J. Winters, Springfield ;
1873-74, B. F. Miller, Post 15, Toledo; 1875-76, *Geo. A. Blocher,
* Deceased.
508 Grand Army of the Kepubltc.
Post 5, National Military Home ; 1877, John D. Gibson, Post 5,
National Military Home; 1878-79, W. T. Buell, Post 8, Kingsville;
1880, J. M. Weaver, Post 5, Dayton ; 1881, Cecil A. Hall, Post 15,
Toledo ; resigned May 31; Clias. H. Jones, Post 15, Toledo; 1882,
S. O. Stockwell, Post 1, Columbus ; 1883, John H. Grove, Post 1,
Columbus ; 1884, Thos. Mason, Post 340, Cincinnati ; 1885,
Carl N. Bancroft, Post 451, Columbus ; 1880, David R. Hunt, Post
439, Elmore ; 1887, Chas. E. Howell, Post 23, Dayton ; 1888, Geo.
W. Wilson, Post 96, Hamilton.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1870-71, U. L. Marvin, Post 12, Akron ; 1875-78, *S. C. WiL
liamson, Post 12, Akron ; died March 27, 1883 ; 1879, T. D. Mc-
Gillicuddy, Post 12, Akron ; 1880, H. S. Bunker, Post 15, Toledo ;
1881, Geo. W. Williams, Post 13, Cincinnati ; 1882-83, fH. P.
Lloyd ; 1884, D. Pi. Austin, Post 15, Toledo (see Judge- Advocate-
General, Chapter XXIII); 1885, Charles Townsend, Post 89,
Athens ; 1886, N. D. ^Tibbals, Post 12, Akron ; 1887, Juo. AY.
Chapin, Post 451, Columbus ; 1888, A. M. Warren, Post 13, Cin-
cinnati.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1875, John D. Gibson, Post 5, National Military Home ; 1876,
E. T. Curtis, Post 68, Hudson ; 1877, T. D. McGillicuddy, Post
12, Akron ; 1878, Jno. D. Gibson, Post 5, National Military Home ;
1879, C. A. Hall, Post 15, Toledo ; 1880, P. W. Stanhope," Post 13,
Cincinnati; 1881, John H. Grove, Post 1, Columbus; 1882-83,
.T. C. Doiialdson, Post 1, Columbus ; 1884, Chas. H. Wentzel, Post
76, Cincinnati ; 1885, H. A. Anderson, Post 81, Zanesville ; ap-
pointed Assistant Adjutant-General, January 1, 1886 ; succeeded
as Chief Mustering Officer ])y H. L. Korte, Post 81, Zanesville ;
1886, E. T. Curtis, Post 68, Hudson ; 1887, Jno. T. Mitchell, Post
98, Urbaua ; 1888, Melville Hayes, Post 58, AVilmington.
HISTORIANS.
1876, Lewis J. Jones, Post 5, National :\[ilitary Home ; 1877-80,
D. G. Palmer, Post 28, Geneva ; 1881, Morris Loenshal, Post 15,
Toledo; 1882-83, S. S. Peters, Post 1, Columbus; 1884, William
* Decease d. f To Department Commander.
Department of Ohio. 509
Horn, Post 10, Salem ; 1885, *J. St. John Clarkson, Post 23, Day-
ton ; died October 22, 1885 ; 1886-88, H. U. Johnson, Post 4, Ash-
tabula.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1867— W. E. Warnock, Urbana ; M. R. Brailey, Columbia ; J.
^Y. Lindsey, Delaware ; D. W. C. Shockley, Cincinnati ; C. F.
Manderson, Canton.
1868— Frederick Miller, Marietta ; J. S. McCommon, Chilli-
cothe ; Ashley Brown, Dayton ; T. C. Campbell, Cincinnati ; Jo-
siah Given, Wooster.
1869 — Ashley Brown, re-elected ; Joseph L. Smith, National
Military Home ; P. O'Connell, Dayton ; Thos. W. Hefferman,
Cincinnati ; Nathaniel Haughton, Toledo.
1870— W. E. Parmlee, Toledo ; J. S. Clemmer, Salem; Wol-
cott, Ashtabula ; J. Longstreth, Oxford ; R. Moore, Cincinnati.
1871 — J. H. Seymour, Post 68, Hudson ; Jno. A. Hivling,
Xenia ; C. A. Vaughn, Post 28, Geneva ; J. Armstrong, Post 62,
Alliance ; J. W. Allen, Maumee City.
1872 — J. H. Seymour, re-elected ; W. D. Moore, Sylvania ; G.
A. Blocher, Post 5, National Military Home ; H. B. Wolcott, Post
28, Geneva ; E. M. Culver, Sandusky.
1873 — J. H. Seymour, re-elected ; O. Kleram, Post 15, Toledo ;
C. L. Russell, Cleveland ; E. F. Brown, Post 5, National Home ;
C. A. Vaughn, Post 28, Geneva.
1874 — J. H. Seymour, E. F. Brown, re-elected ; R. B. Craw-
ford, Post 2, Massillon ; Jas. P. Woodworth, Post 28, Geneva ; T.
C. Boone, Post 10, Salem.
1875 — J. H. Seymour, R. B. CraAvford, re-elected ; J. B. Hunt,
Post 28, Geneva ; "c. A. Hall, Post 15, Toledo ; G. A. Blocher, Post
5, National Military Home.
1876— C. A. Hall, re-elected ; E. F. Brown, Post 5, National
Military Home ; D. W. Thomas, Post 12, Akron ; C. F. Lease, Post
10, Salem ; J. B. Petty, Post 28, Geneva.
1877— C. A. Hall, D. W. Thomas, re-elected; W. T. Buell, Post
* Deceased.
510 Geand Army of the Eepublic.
8, Kiugsville ; D. G. Palmer, Post 28, Geneva ; W. G. Bentley,
Post 10, Salem.
1878— C. A. Hall, D. G. Palmer, re-elected ; C. F. Lease, Post
10, Salem ; T. D. McGillicuddy, Post 10, Akron ; M. D. Town-
send, Post 9, Conneaut.
1879— Jas. H. Seymour, Post 68, Hudson; W. H. Baldwin,
Post 13, Cincinnati ; H. F. Sperry, Post 4, Ashtabula ; Samuel
McCullougli, Post 11, Austinburg ; J. H. Nease, Post 10, Salem.
1880 — Jas. H. Seymour, re-elected ; Geo. B. Spencer, Post 20,
Weston ; E. F. Mason, Post 7, Jefferson ; Geo. W. Killey, Post 22,
Defiance ; D. S. Van Pelt, Post 13, Cincinnati.
1881— M. J. Enright, Post 15, Toledo ; D. K. Austin, Post 15,
Toledo ; Geo. Sclieets, Post 14, East Toledo ; E. C. Briggs, Post
1, Columbus ; W. O. Beebe, Post 37, Cuyahoga Falls.
1882— H. A. Axline and T. W. Collier, Post 1, Columbus ; O.
G. Daniel, Post 21, Mt. Vernon ; Koger Alcott, Post 27, Fostoria ;
S. H. Hurst, Post 162, Chillicothe.
1883— H. A. Axline, R. Alcott, S. H. Hurst, re-elected ; T. D.
McGillicuddy, Post 12, Akron ; J. B. Allen, Post 89, Athens.
1884 — S. H. Hurst, re-elected ; D. C. Putnam, Post 45, Spring-
field ; E. Nigh, Post 165, Ironton ; T. F. Davis, Post 178, Mari-
etta ; G. W. Wilson, Post 96, Hamilton.
1885 — S. H. Hurst, D. C. Putnam, re-elected ; Moses H. Neil,
Post 1, Columbus ; R. H. Cochran, Post 15, Toledo ; W. S. Har-
lan, Post 81, Zanesville.
1886— S. H. Hurst, D. C. Putnam, W. S. Harlan, re-elected ;
J. O. McGowan, Post 29, Youngstown ; W. E. Hayues, Post 32,
Fremont.
1887— W. S. Harlan, re-elected ; T. S. Penfield, Post 45, Spring-
field ; James Barnett, Post 141, Cleveland ; L. H. Williams, Post
145, Ripley ; C. H. Wentzel, Post 76, Cincinnati.
1888 — James Barnett, L. H. Williams, re-elected ; James Mc-
Mullen, Post 213, Lebanon ; P. H. Dowling, Post 15, Toledo ; D.
M. Barrett, Post 243, Rainsboro.
Department of Ohio. 511
soldiers' orphans' home at xenia.
The noble work begun by the Department when its ranks were
so greatly depleted was turned over to the State in 1870, the con-
dition being imposed, however, on the Grand Army, that a suffi-
cient amount of land for the purpose should be first donated and
the buildings then under way be finished. To this work of rais-
ing the money needed, the comrades under General Keifer's ad-
ministration, zealously applied themselves. The oflfer of citizens
of Greene county of sufficient land for the Home situated one
mile south of Xenia was accepted, and, largely through the ap-
peals for help made by Chaplain G. W. Collier, in a tour of the
State, the Grand Army was enabled to meet the requirements of
the Legislature, and present the buildings in condition for occu-
pancy.
The grounds have been since enlarged, from time to time, by
purchase, until now there are 267 acres. There are now thirty-
six buildings for office, school, chapel, hospital and Home cot-
tages, and twelve buildings for farm purposes.
In addition to a thorough training in common school branches,
the Home provides for the technical, industrial and art educa-
tion, of the children, so that on discharge they can fully earn
their own livelihood. In 1885, through the instrumentality of
the Woman's Relief Corps, a department of Domestic Economy
was organized for instruction principally in cooking and sewing.
Boys are discharged at sixteen and the girls at eighteen years
of age. All limitations as to the death or cause of death of the
father have been removed and any child whose father served in
the army or navy, and is now in destitute circumstances, is enti-
tled to admission. The present capacity is for 700 children, but
new buildings now under way will give a total capacity of 950.
Two hundred and fifty children eligible to this Home are now
cared for by the State in other institutions, for which an addi-
tional sum of $15,000 was appropriated by Act passed May 15,
1886. The total number of children received from 1839 to 1888
is 3,710.
Each Christmas, the Department and the Woman's Relief
Corps unite in making glad the hearts of the children by appro-
priate presents.
The total appropriations by the State since 1870 amount to
$2,257,400 — the largest annual amount having been appropriated
512 Grand Army of the EEPunLic.
for the present year, $155,000. No official record of expenditures
under the Grand Army prior to April, 1870, has been preKerved.
THE OHIO soldiers' AND SAILORS' HOME.
In 1885, Department Commander E. B. Brown rej)orted as the
result of careful inquiries that 385 soldiers and sailors were in the
lutirmaries or Almshouses of the State. Of these, 250 had served
in Ohio commands during the rebellion, 285 were without families,
98 with families, 27 were insane and 6 were of unsound mind.
The average age was 53^ years.
Impressed with the fact that the condition of these veterans
could be remedied, the Department Commander invited a num-
ber of comrades to meet at Columbus to take proper action there-
on. This resulted in the presentation and early passage of a bill
appropriating $^50,000 to commence the construction of a Soldiers'
and Sailors' Home.
The Board of Trustees organized June 3, 1886, with Isaac F.
Mack, of Erie, President ; R. B. Brown, Secretary. The Trustees
accepted the offer of a site for the Home near Sandusky, consist-
ing of ninety acres of land. In addition to this grant of land,
water-mains and sewers, gas-mains and electric lines have been
extended to the Home without charge, and water-rent for thirteen
years was voted at a nominal charge of '^2o per annum.
In 1887 the Legislature made an additional appropriation of
8100,000, and later added $110,000.
The total cost for the buildings under way or projected will
be over $500,000, and the buildings will accommodate 1,500 in-
mates.
The corner-stone of the Administration building was laid -July
11, 1888, and was opened for the reception of inmates November
10, 1S88.
STATE AID.
In addition to the appropriations for the State Soldiers'
and Sailors' Home and the Soldiers' Orphan Home, the State of
Ohio lias relieved from taxation all real estate used by Grand
Army Posts, or l)y organized bodies of soldiers as Memorial Halls
or places of meeting.
A tax of not exceeding three-tenths of a mill is levied for the
Department of Ohio. 513
support of indigent* soldiers and sailors and their families, to be
distributed by a Board of three Commissioners appointed by the
Judge of the Court of Common Pleas in each county.
BURIAL OF DECEASED VETERANS.
The Legislature, in 1884, passed an Act for the burial of any
honorably discharged ex-Union soldier, sailor or marine of this
State who may die without leaving means for his funeral ex-
penses. The amount to be expended in each case not to exceed
MEMORIAL CHAPEL, AKRON.
Buckley Post No. 12, Akron, heretofore referred to as the only
Post organized in Ohio in 1867 that maintained its organization,
received from the Trustees of the Akron Rural Cemetery the gift
of a large plat of ground for the burial of Union veterans.
The Post then erected in the cemetery, at a cost of $35,000, a
handsome Memorial Chapel, which was dedicated on Memorial
Day, 1876. On memorial tablets are engraved the names of all
deceased soldiers and sailors who went into the service from
Akron, and of all veterans who have since died in that city.
There are several beautiful cathedral windows, one the gift of
relatives in honor of Colonel Lewis Buckley, after whom the Post
was named, and others were presented by friends or comrades.
One window contains life-size representations of Washington,
Perry and Lincoln ; another represents Woman's Work in the
War, donated by ladies of the Cemetery Association.
TOLEDO SOLDIERS MEMORIAL BUILDING.
The project of erecting a Memorial Hall in Toledo was first
agitated in Forsyth Post No. 15. This Post Avas organized No-
vember 19, 1866, and is the senior Post in the Department, having
maintained its organization intact from the date of muster.
With the co-operation of their most efficient Relief Corps
(then the Ladies' Aid), it was decided to enlist the public more
directly in the work by the formation of the Toledo Soldiers'
Memorial Association, which was formally organized July 23,
1879.
33
514 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
The city douated a site for the buildiug, and about $18,000
of unused Bounty funds were transferred to the Memorial Asso-
ciation,
After the building was well under way it was deemed best to
transfer the same to the city of Toledo to be completed as a Me-
morial Buildiug, as first designed, and also for the use of the Ohio
National Guard as an Armory.
It was dedicated May 26, 1887, " In honor of the Union sol-
diers and sailors of Lucas county, who served in the war of the
rebellion." The total cost of this Memorial was $70,000.
On May 26, 1887, a magnificent statue in memory of Major-
General James B. Steedman, Past Department Commander,
was dedicated. The total height of the monument is twenty-six
feet. The figure of General Steedman is of bronze, life-size, and
stands on a jDedestal of Vermont marlde. It cost $25,000, and was
the gift of Mr. AYm. J. Finlay, of Toledo, whom General Steedman
had befriended in early life. The same gentleman caused to be
erected a fine monument over the grave of General Steedman in
Woodlawn Cemetery, which cost $3,000.
MEMORIAL BUILDING, ZANESYILLE.
Under authority conferred by the Legislature, the Commis-
sioners of Muskingum County have erected in Zanesville a "Sol-
diers' and Sailors' Memorial Building," at a cost of about $75,000.
The building, a noble structure 95 by 132 feet, three stories in
height, with stone front, will be used in part for stores and offices.
On the second floor a fine suite of rooms are provided free of rent
for the use of the local Posts of the Grand Army of the Eepublic.
On the third floor is the Memorial Hall, having a seating capacity
for 3,000 persons. In this, marble tablets will be placed bearing
the names of the Soldier and Sailor dead of Muskingum County.
A Memorial Building is also to be erected in Columbus.
Provision has been made by a number of enactments of tho
Legislature, authorizing the issu3 of bonds, if necessary, for the
erection of Soldiers' Monuments or Memorial Buildings.
GRAND ARMY BADGE.
By an Act of the Legislature passed February 22, 1888, any
person who shall willfully wear the badge or button of the Grand
Department of Indiana. 515
Army of the Kepublic, Union Veterans' Union, Sons of Veterans,
or Military Order of the Loyal Legion, to obtain assistance there-
by, unless he is entitled to wear the same, may be punished by a
fine not exceeding $20, or imprisonment not exceeding thirty days,
or both, at the discretion of the court.
MEMORIAL DAY.
May 30th is a legal holiday in Ohio.
PREFERENCE IN EMPLOYMENT.
By an Act passed April 3, 1888, honorably discharged union
soldiers, sailors and marines, of the late rebellion, shall be pre-
ferred for appointment and employment in every public depart-
ment, and upon all public works of the State of Ohio. Age, loss
of limb or other physical impairment which does not in fact inca-
pacitate, shall not be deemed to disqualify them, provided they
possess the other requisite qualifications.
DEPARTMENT OF INDIANA.
In July, 1866, General Robert S. Foster, of Indianapolis, vis-
ited Dr. B. F. Stephenson at Springfield, Illinois, with a view to
the introduction of the Grand Army of the Republic in Indiana,
and, upon his return, with the assistance of Major Oliver M. Wil-
son, as Adjutant-General, proceeded to charter Posts, the first
being chartered in Indianapolis, with General Daniel Macauley
as Commander. This Post was recruited to nearly one thousand
members.
A convention to organize the Department was held in Indian-
apolis, August 20, 1866. General Foster was elected Department
Commander. He so served until November 22, when another
meeting was held, following the National Convention, which met
in that city, November 20. By the latter. General Foster was
elected Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief. (See portrait and bi-
ography. Chapter IV.) The following were elected officers of the
Department : General Nathan Kimball, Indianapolis, Grand Com-
mander ; Senior Vice-Commander, A. W, Rawlinson : Junior Vice-
516
Grand Army of the Republic.
Genekal Nathan Kimball.
Commander, "Chas. Case, Fort
Wayne ; Assistant Adjutant-
General, O. M. Wilson, In-
dianapolis; Assistant Quarter-
master-General, A. J. Hawlie,
New Albany ; Surgeon-Gene-
ral, Dr. J. K. Bigelow, Indian-
apolis ; Chai^lain, Kev. Irwin.
Council of Administration —
General Thomas Brady, Mun-
cie ; Colonel O. H. P. Bailey,
Plymouth ; J. K. Powers,
Knightstown ; Colonel C. J.
Dobbs, Indianapolis.
General Kimball assumed
command on the same date,
and in his first Order said :
The principles that actuate the true soldier can never become the heritage of any
but a noble, ,!?eneroiis, active and humane people. The Grand Army fitly chooses to
recognize only such principles, and, as faithful comrades in the field, let us always
endeavor, by our language and actions, to secure and maintain the same pledges of de-
votion that we then and there made to that " old flag" which is emblematical of all
that is good and great in a nation and brave and loyal in man.
1 recommend the widest possible diffusion of a knowledge of our organization,
until every true and tried soldier who has marched to the music of the Union and worn
the blue shall be mustered into the Grand Army of the Kepublic, and every suffer-
ing, disabled soldier, every soldier's widow and orphan, shall be relieved by the sense
of justice and liberal generosity, not the charity of the Government.
General Kimball was born iu Washington county, Indiana,
November 22, 1822, and served in the war Avith Mexico.
He was commissioned Captain by Governor Morton, April 20,
1861, and one month later was made Colonel 14th Indiana Volun-
teer Infantry.
General Kimball's services were most conspicuous. He was
commissioned Brigadier-General, April 15, 1862, for the victory
achieved over General " Stonewall " Jackson at Kearnstown,
March 28, 1862. He was severely wounded at Fredericksburg,
Va., December 14, 1862.
Later, he was taken from service in the field to aid in sup-
pressing the "Knights of the Golden Circle" in Indiana, which
resulted in the stamping out of that treasonable organization.
Department of Indiana.
517
He was brevetted Major-
General February 1, 1865,
and was inustered-out Au-
gust 25, 1865. Is now (1868)
at Ogden, Commander De-
partment of Utah.
The Department Com-
manders following General
Kimball were : 1868, E. S.
Foster; 1869, O. M. Wilson ;
1870, *Lewis Humphrey,
Post 17, South Bend.
Major Wilson served as
Assistant Adjutant-General
of the Department until
elected Department Com-
Major O. M. Wilson.
mander in 1869. His work in introducing the Order in the East
is related in the account of the Pittsburgh Convention (page 27),
and in addition he gave material assistance to Adjutant-General
Stephenson by the issue of supplies needed by National Head-
quarters.
The Department of Indiana at one time numbered 300 Posts,
yet notwithstanding the activity shown in mustering Posts, and
the strength thus attained, it made no reports and paid no dues
to Headquarters of the Order.
General Joseph Packard was appointed Provisional Com-
mander in 1871, but nothing could then be done in the work of re-
organizing, and the Order in Indiana, with the exception of one
Post in South Bend, became defunct.
Attempts were made at different times to organize other Posts
in the State, but having no Department supervision, they were
soon abandoned.
EEORGANIZATION.
After a lapse of several years, the Department Commander of
Illinois, Comrade E. D. Swain, encouraged by comrades who had
visited Indiana, and especially by reports made by Senior Yice-
Commander-in-Chief Jos. S. Eeynolds, undertook the work of
there organizing Posts. The result was the formation of Posts
* Deceased.
518 Grand Army of the REruBLic.
at Terre Haute, Brazil, Lafayette, Covington, Greensburg, Wa-
bash, Annapolis and (xreeueastle, all being mustered by Depart-
ment Inspector E. AV. Chamberlain, of Illinois.
The Post now known as Auten Post No. 8, South Bend, was
organized in 1800, as Post 1, District of St. Joseph, and on the
re-numbering of Posts after the abandonment of District organi-
zations, became No. 17.
This Post steadily, and for a long time alone, maintained its
organization, elected its officers each term, and never failed, as a
Post, to properly observe Memorial Day.
On August 19, 1879, it was attached to the Department of Illi-
nois as Post No. 04, but on the appointment of the Provisional
Commander was transferred to Indiana as Post No. 8.
Morton Post No. 1, Terre Haute, had been organized with
fifty-six charter-members. May 11, 1879, as Post 51, Department
of Illinois. Captain John B. Hager, a prominent citizen and
business man, was chosen Post Commander, and in sixty days the
Post was recruited to 300 members.
On August 11, Comrade Hager was appointed Provisional
Commander, Jay Cummings,. Assistant Adjutant-General. On
October 3, a permanent Department was formed with Comrade
Hager as Department Commander. At the outbreak of the re-
bellion he had enlisted in the 14th Indiana Volunteers, but was
soon after commissioned Captain 14tli Infantry, United States
Army, and served through the war with that regiment, or on im-
portant assignments. He was Provost Marshal in Richmond
upon the occupation of that city. He died suddenly, August 28,
1885, while on a visit to Branford, Connecticut.
Early in 1883, and again in 1884, portions of the State suffered
heavily by floods, and many comrades were in distress. The De-
partment officers ajjpealed for assistance to the comrades in the
more fortunate sections of that State, and the responses were
prompt and generous.
Assistance was tendered by National Headquarters, but the
offer was declined, as the Department officers felt that they could
fully rely on their own members for all the help recjuirod.
Meetings of the Department, since the reorganization, have
been held as follows :
I. October 3, 1879, Terre Haute ; II. January 29, 1880, Green-
castle ; III. April 13, 1881, Terre Haute ; and since at Indianap-
Department of Indiana. 519
olis— lY. February 22, 1882 ; V. , 1883 ; VI. February
21, 1884 ; YII. February 25, 1885 ; YIII. February 17, 1886 ; IX.
February 16, 1887 ; X. February 22, 1888.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1879, Provisional, *Jobu B. Hager, Post 1, Terre Haute. Per-
manent Department, October 3, 1879, John B. Hager ; 1880, S. E.
Armstrong, Post 2, Brazil ; 1881, W. W. Dudley, Post 17, Indian-
apolis ; 1882-83, James E. Carnaban, Post 3, Lafayette (see In-
spector-General, Chapter XIX) ; 1881, Edwin Nicar, Post 8, South
Bend ; 1885, David N. Foster, Post 40, Fort Wayne ; 1886, Thomas
W. Bennett, Post 55, Kichmond ; 1887, Ira J. Chase, Post 164,
Danville ; 1888, Argus D. Yanosdol, Post 26, Madison (see Inspec-
tor-General, Chapter XXIY).
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1879-80, tJ. E. Carnaban ; 1881, J. S. Wooden, Post 5, Greens-
burg ; 1882-83, fEdwin Nicar ; 1884, Jos. P. IliflP, Post c5, Eich-
mond ; 1885, G. W. Miller, Post 1, Terre Haute ; 1886, Andrew J.
Fite, Post 191, New Albany ; 1887, W. F. Daley, Post 56, Peru ;
1888, Shelby Sexton, Post 199, North Manchester.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1879, Ed, C. Snyder, Post 7, Crawfordsville ; 1880, J. F. Fee,
Post 5, Greensburg ; 1881, H. L. Miller, Post 27, Evansville ; 1832,
A. C. Eosecranz, Post 27, Evansville ; 1883, Paul Hendricks, Post
26, Madison ; 1884, Nathan C. W^elsh, Post 114, Warsaw ; 1885,
Joseph A. Young, Post 119, Middletown ; 1886, t^. F. Daley ;
1887, C. C. Briant, Post 98, Versailles ; 1888, I. B. McDonald,
Post 181, Columbia City.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1879-80, J. C. Thompson, Post 1, Terre Haute ; 1881, Geo. F.
Beasley, Post 3, Lafayette ; 1882, William Scott, Post 30, Koko-
mo ; 1883, James L. Gregg, Post 40, Fort Wayne ; 1884, E. A.
Williamson, Post 42, Lebanon ; 1885-88, A. E. Tucker, Post 207,
Ciaero.
* Deceased. f To Department Commander. t To Senior Vice-Commander.
520 Grand Army of the Bepublic.
chaplains.
1870, B. F. Cravens, Post 5, Greensburg ; 1880-82, T. W. Har-
ris, Post 4, Covingtou ; 1888, Jolm M. Whitehead ; 1884, K. E.
Hiiwley, Post 72, Wasliiugtou ; 1885, Alexander Bhiclvburn, Post
8, Lafayette; 1886, *Ira J. Chase; 1887, A. W. Lamport, Post 17,
Indianapolis ; 1888, Tra J. Chase, Post 164, Danville.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1879, Jay Cummings, Post 1, Terre Haute ; 1880, Daniel Ma-
cauley, Post 17, Indianapolis ; 1881-84, Ben D. House, Post 17,
Indianapolis ; 1885, Eobert Stratton, Post 40, Fort Wayne ; re-
signed June 27, on removal to Minnesota ; succeeded by Tom
Sullivan, Post 40, Fort Wayne ; 1886, fBen D. House ; died July
4, 1887, of illness superinduced by a wound in the throat received
at Ball's Bluff ; 1887-88, I. N. Walker, Post 17, Indianapolis.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1879, Harmon S. Miller, Post 1, Terre Haute ; 1881, S. E.
Armstrong, Post 2, Brazil ; 1882-88, Garrett H. Shover, Post 17,
Indianapolis ; 1884, Jasper E. Lewis, Post 8, South Bend ; 1885,
Frank E. Benjamin, Post 209, Indianapolis ; 1886-88, Courtland
E. Whitsit, Post 26, Madison.
INSPECTORS.
1879-82, AV. H. Armstrong, Post 1, Terre Haute ; 1888, J. L.
Wooden, Post 5, Greensburg ; 1884, Robert Stratton, Post 40,
Fort Wayne ; 1885, Jasper E. Lewis, Post 8, South Bend ; 1886,
Joseph P. Iliff, Post 55, Richmond ; 1887, James F. Fee, Post 11,
Greencastle ; 1888, Andrew Fite, Post 191, New Albany.
JUDGE- AD VOCATR.
1879-86, Thomas Hanna, Post 11, Greencastle ; 1887-88, B. F.
Williams, Post (J, Wabash.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1879-80, *S. E. Armstrong ; 1881, *J. R. Carnahan ; 18-V2, J.
B. Shaw, Post 8, Lafayette ; 1888, Allan H. Dougall, Post 40, Foit
* To Depurtiujnt C'oiiuiiaiider. f Deceased.
Department of Indiana. 521
Wayne ; 1884, C. E. Whitsit, Post 26, Madison ; 1885, Daniel S.
Wilson, Post 27, Evansville ; 1886, Gil. R. Stormont, Post 28,
Princeton ; 1887, Joseph P. Iliff, Post 55, Richmond ; 1888, T. M.
Little, Post 126, Connersville.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1879— Edwin Nicar, Post 8, South Bend ; W. W. Casto, Post
12, Annapolis ; J. W. Harris, Post 4, Covington ; S. E. Armstrong,
Post 2, Brazil ; H. L. Miller, Post 1, Terre Haute.
1880— W. W. Casto, re-elected ; E. C. Snyder, Post 7, Craw-
fordville ; Chas. T. Clement, Post 3, Lafayette ; J, T. Johnston,
Post 9, Rockville ; J. L. Wooden, Post 5, Greensburg.
1881 — J. T. Johnston, re-elected; D. Agnew, Post 16, Yincennes;
Geo. Pfleiger, Post 8, South Bend; Jno. M. Wliite, Post 15, Peters-
burgh ; G. J. Langsdale, Post 11, Greencastle.
1882 — J. A. Gurley, Post 10, Annapolis ; Abram Seebren, Post
15, Petersburgh ; Geo. F. McGinnis, Post 17, Indianapolis ; C. N.
Scott, Post 32, Boswell ; Wm. A. Quigley, Post 26, Madison.
1883— A. D. Lynch, Post 17, Indianapolis ; J. M. Story, Post
127, Franklin ; W. D. McCullough, Post 2, Brazil ; Harry Dean,
Post 90, Goshen ; J. M. Watts, Post 31, Delphi.
1884 — C. A. Zollinger, Post 40, Fort Wayne ; W. H. Armstrong,
Post 1, Terre Haute ; A. D. Yanosdol, Post 26, Madison ; W. D.
Lewis, Post 16, Vincennes.
1885— John N. Runyan, Post 114, Warsaw ; D. C. McCollum,
Post 147, Laporte ;. J. A. Closser, Post 17, Indianapolis ; J, O.
Pedigo, Post 42, Lebanon ; Stephen Metcalf, Post 41, Anderson.
1886 — John N. Runyan, re-elected; I. N. Walker, Post 17, In-
dianapolis ; J. F. Fee, Post 11, Greencastle ; Allen H. Dougall,
Post 271, Fort Wayne ; Wm. E. Brown, Post 106, Valparaiso.
1887— Thos. Bridges, Post 6, Wabash ; J. E. Walton, Post
371, Koleen ; J. H. Hoffman, Post 125, Ligonier ; John L. Mc-
Master, Post 17, Indianapolis ; John M. Bloss, Post 78, Muncie.
1888— W. M. Cochran, Post 369, Indianapolis ; D. H. H. Shew-
maker, Post 78, Muncie ; Henry C. Tinney, Post 3, Lafayette ;
Nicholas Ensley, Post 67, Auburn ; N. N. Boydston, Post 442-
North Providence.
522 Grand Army of the Republic.
soldiers' and sailors' monument.
At the close of the war a movement was inaugurated for the
purpose of erecting a State Soldiers' Monument, but after a very
few years the matter was abandoned.
During Comrade Carnahan's first term as Department Com-
mander, he presented the matter to the Department, and a com-
mittee was appointed to devise ways and means to secure the
erection of the monument. Upon Comrade Carnahan's re-elec-
tion as Department Commander, he redoubled his efforts for the
monument, and the public press took the matter up and urged its
erection.
Subscriptions were started and the work began to assume a
tangible shape. At the Department Encampment, February 22,
1884, articles of incorporation were adoj^ted, which provided for
a " Monument Committee of five to be appointed by the Depart-
ment Commander."
The Committee consisted of Comrades Jas. R. Carnahan, G.
J. Langsdale, Geo. ^Y. Johnston, T. W. Bennett and D. B. McCol-
lum. Subsequently Comrades W. H. Elliott, Jas. T. Layman,
Jno. L. McMaster, C. A. Zollenger and Benj. F. Havens were
added to it.
The committee labored earnestly in the interest of the monu-
ment. The State was canvassed, and the attention of tlie political
parties invoked until the State Conventions of all parties en-
dorsed it, which resulted in the appropriation of $200,000 by the
Legislature.
This result was due entirely to the efforts of the Grand Army
of the Republic, heartily seconded, as stated, by the pre^s and the
citizens of the State generally.
The design of Bruno Schmitz, of Berlin, was adopted. The
monument will stand in Monument Circle, Indianapolis, and will
be 265 feet high.
The statue of victory which surmounts it is twenty-five feet
in height, witli an arm that measures ten feet from wrist to
shoulder.
At the four corners, a short distance from the base, are four
sub-pedestals, about thirty feet in height, bearing groups of
statuary symbolizing the four branches of service — Infantry,
Cavalry, Artillery and Navy. From tlie east and west sides of tlie
monument, at the base, will gush forth fountains of water into
Soldiers' Monument, Indianapolis, Ind.
Department of Illinois. 523
reservoirs seventy feet in width. The steps (ten in number) leading
up to the base of the structure, will be seventy feet wide. A wind-
ing stairway will reach the entire length of the structure, and an
elevator will ascend to a height of two hundred and thirty feet, at
which point will be battlements and a place for observations.
The diameter of the monument at the base, including steps and
terraces, will be one hundred and ninety-two feet. The founda-
tion proper will be eighty feet in diameter at the base, and the
shaft proper sixty-four feet in diameter. It converges gradually,
until, at a distance of seventy feet from the base, the diameter
is forty-four feet, and then on until the statue of victory is reached
with a footstool ten feet in diameter. The statue will bear in an
uplifted hand an electric light. A short distance beneath its
base, with a background of bronze, and on the four faces of the
monument, will be the figures 1861, 1862, 1863, 1864 — made
clearly discernible at night by means of the light. Nearly mid-
way down is an astragal in bronze, symbolizing " Mercy. 'i Fur-
ther down are to be two bronze badges — the one on the south
side, of the Grand Army of the Republic, and the other, on the
north side, of the Woman's Relief Corps. Uniting the two is a
wreath, exhibiting weapons of war, which ar3 to be made of iron.
Just above the base, on the west side, is a grouj) of statuary rep-
resenting a battle, and on the east side another group represent-
ing Victory. All these figures will be made of stone. On the
south and north sides, parallel with the above groups, will be
large tablets bearing the inscriptions of the counties which have
made appropriation for the monument, and also of the regiments
and batteries that have contributed. Quite a number of counties
and regiments have contributed one hundred ($100) dollars each
for that purpose, and it is expected that all the counties will do so
before the monument is completed. The inscription, " To Indi-
ana's Silent Victors by a Grateful State," is to be carved on the
south face of the monument. The total cost will exceed $250,000.
DEPARTMENT OF ILLINOIS.
In Chapter IV, it is stated that the Department Commander
of Illinois, in 1869, reported to National Headquarters the exist-
ence of about 330 Posts.
524 Grand Army of the REPUBLir.
Two years later tlie Adjutant-General, in his report to the
National Encampment, stated that he had visited Illinois for the
purpose of ascertaining the condition of that Department, and the
causes for the existing demoralization. He was informed that
some twenty-five Posts were in working order, l)ut it now seems
certain that but one Post, of all the large number chartered in
Illinois, then survived.
This was Nevius Post, now No. 1, at Piockford, which was
chartered October 3, 18G6, as Post 121:, and had steadily main-
tained its organization, a fact highly creditable to its members
under all the circumstances.
One of their number, Guy T. Gould, in 1870, removed to Chi-
cago, and there endeavored to revive an interest in the Grand
Army, with such success that, in June, Piansom Post was organ-
ized with Captain John Stephens as Post Commander, Guy T.
Gould, Adjutant.
Mombers of the Pvockford Post attended the ceremonies of
muster-in, and thus practically aided in the reorganization of the
Department.
Eansom Post was slowly but steadily increasing in members
and influence when the great conflagration of October 9, 1871,
swept away the places of business or the homes of nearly all its
members. The news of the great disaster had been but made
known when from all sections of the country, and from abroad,
money, food and clothing began to pour in to relieve in part the
misfortunes of the i)eople of Chicago, and tlie few members of the
Grand Army there also found that they were specially remembered
by their comrades.
On October 13, Abner Coleman, Commander of Post No. 3,
Taunton, Massachusetts, telegraphed " One Hundred Dollars
sent for the relief of our suffering comrades, and more to fol-
low." Other Posts promptly telegraphed contributions in re-
spouse to a request from National Headquarters and the moneys
so received were carefully disl)ursed by the committee of the Post
in the manner intended by the donors.
In 1872 four Posts were reported in working order in the De-
partment but notwithstanding the earnest efforts of the Depart-
ment oflicers the membership increased very slowly. It seemed
to be almost impossible to restore confidence among the veter-
ans of the State, and only by persistent work was the general
distrust removed.
Department of Illinois. 525
In 1872 dues were paid on 246 members, in 1873 on 512, and
in 1874 on 682. After 1877 the gain in membership was quite
rapid, as will be seen from the tables elsewhere presented.
In 1878-79, the Department enlarged its work by chartering
eight Posts in Indiana and others there were under way when the
Provisional Department of Indiana was formed, to which these
Posts, with 762 members, were transferred. Post No. 1, Little
Kock, Arkansas, was attached to the Department of Illinois in
1878, and Warner Post at Louisville, Kentucky, in 1879.
There is no record of meetings of the Department for the
years 1867-1870, inclusive, and the partial list of officers for
those years, here given, was obtained from references made to the
Dej)artment in reports of the National officers.
ANNUAL ENCAMPMENTS.
1866, Convention, July 12, Springfield ; February, 1872, Spring-
field ; January 22, 1873, Chicago ; January 27, 1874, liockford ;
January 20, 1875, Joliet ; January 20, 1876, Sycamore ; January
18, 1877, Ottawa ; January 17, 1878, Springfield ; January 29,
1879, Galesburg ; January 28, 1880, Chicago ; January 26, 1881,
Peoria ; January 26, 1882, Rockford ; January 31, 1883, Danville ;
January 31, 1884, Decatur ; February 18, 1885, Peoria ; Febru-
ary 17, 1886, Springfield ; February 16, 1887, Rock Island ; Feb-
ruary 15, 1888, Springfiel;\
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1866, Provisional, *B. F. Stephenson; July 12, John M. Palmer;
1867-68, John M. Palmer, Springfield ; 1869-70, Thomas O. Os-
born ; 1871, *C. E. Lippincott, Post 30, Springfield ; 1872, Hubert
Dilger, Post 30, Springfield ; 1873, Guy T. Gould, Post 5, Chi-
cago (see Junior Yice-Commander-in-Chief, Chapter XIII) ; 1874-
76, *H. Hilliard, Post 30, Springfield ; died January 8, 1886; 1877,
J. S. Reynolds, Post 5, Chicago (see Senior Yice-Commander-in-
Chief, Chapter XIY); 1878, T. B. Coulter, Post 20, Aurora ; 1879-
80, Edgar D. Swain, Post 5, Chicago (see Senior Yice-Commander-
in-Chief, Chapter XIX) ; 1881, J. W. Burst, Post 12, Sycamore
(see Inspector-General, Chapter XXI) ; 1882, Thos. G. Lawler,
* Deceased.
526 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
Post 1, Rockt'ord ; 1883, S. A. Harper, Post 53, Elmwood ; 1884,
L. T. Dickasou, Post 77, Danville ; 1885, W. W. Berry, Post 96,
Quincy ; 1886, Philip Sidney Post, Post 45, Galesburg ; 1887, A. C.
Sweetser, Post 146, Bloomington ; 1888, Jas. A. Sexton, Post 28,
Chicago.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1866, John Cook, Springfield ; 1871, R. M. Hough, Chicago ;
1872, tGuy T. Gould ; 1873, *J. J. Palmer, Post 1, Rockt'ord ; died
1878 ; 1874-76, tT. G. Lawler ; 1877, fT. B. Coulter ; 1878, fE. D.
Swain ; 1879, C. W. Pavey, Post 42, Mt. Vernon ; 1880, fJ. W.
Burst ; 1881, tThomas G. Lawler ; 18S2, R. M. Campbell, Post 67,
Peoria; 1883, I. S. Taylor, Post 55, Centralia ; 1884, Harrison
Black, Post 119, Marshall ; 1885, A. D. Reade, Post 48, Batavia ;
1886, Thos. G. Fullerton, Post 156, Ottawa ; 1887, AY. L. Distin,
Post 96, Quincy ; 1888, R. P. Lytle, Post 141, Decatur.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1871, Horace Chapin, Jacksonville ; 1873, George N. Carey,
Post 3, Plainfield ; 1874, William A. Lord ; 1875, W. H. Cain ;
1876,*P. L. W. Jansson ; 1877, A. M. Trimble, Post 21, Ottawa ;
1878, |.C. W. Pavey ; 1879, L. S. Lambert, Post 45, Galesburg ;
1880, Geo. Puterbaugh, Post 67, Peoria ; 1881, fSamuel A. Har-
per, Post 53, Elmwood ; 1882, J. L. Richardson, Post 45, Gales-
burg ; 1883, tL. T. Dickason, Post 77, Danville ; 1884, Wm. Jack-
son, Post 37, Elmira ; 1885, P. W. Wykotf, Post 94, Henry ; 1886,
Enos Bond, Post 50, Chicago ; 1887, AVm. Avery, Post 108, AYood-
stock ; 1888, F. M. Pickett, Post 454, Harrisburg.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1871, *J. W. Routh, Post 1, Decatur; 1873, E. L. Higgins,
Post 30, Springfield ; 1874, J. E. De Wolf, Englewood ; 1875-78, L.
C. Mitchell, Post 6, Joliet ; 1879, M. M. Robbins ; 1880-82, Jos. S.
Lane, Post 7, Chicago ; 1883-84, L. S. Lambert, Post 45, Gales-
burg; 1885-86, A. T. Barnes, Post 146, Bloomington; 1887, Joseph
McKee, Post 243, Rock Island; 1888, W. D. Craig, Post 262, Aledo.
* Deceased. t To Depurtment Commander. t To Senior Vice-Commander.
Department of Illinois. 527
chaplains.
1871, D. C. Carnahan, Springfield ; 1873, H. M. Eawson, Post
99, Mason ; 1874-76, C. E. Beach, Chicago ; 1877-78, Samuel
Paine, Post 20, Aurora ; 1879-83, Samuel Fallows, Post 28, Chi-
cago ; 1884-86, E. D. AVilkin, Post 77, Danville; 1887, Lewis
Curts, Post 12, Sycamore ; 1888, W. C. Magner, Post 329, Morris.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1866— Eobt. M. Woods (now Joliet) ; 1867, Daniel Grass,
Springfield ; 1871, H. Dilger, Post 30, Springfield ; 1872, Geo. S.
Dana, Post 30, Springfield ; 1873, *H. Hilliard, Post 5, Chicago ;
1874, Paul Van Der Voort (see Commander-in-Chief, Chapter
XXI) ; 1875-76, J. E. Vreeland, Chicago ; 1877, Henry D. Field,
Post 5, Chicago ; 1878, L. C. Porter, Post 20, Aurora ; 1879-80, C.
R. E. Koch, Post 7, Chicago ; 1881-85, J. L. Bennett, Post 28,
Chicago ; 1886, H. P. Thompson, Post 5, Chicago ; 1887, Edwin
Harlan, Post 119, Marshall ; 1888, A. D. Reade, Post 48, Batavia.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1866, John M. Snyder, Springfield ; 1871-72, E. L. Higgins,
Post 30, Springfield ; 1873-76, J. C. Harrington, Chicago ; 1877,
S. Aug. Chappell, Post 28, Chicago; 1878-80, W. H. Watson, Post
20, Aurora ; 1881, Rowley Page, Post 45, Galesburg ; 1882, T. W.
Cole, Post 1, Rockford ; 1883, J. L. Richardson, Post 45, Gales-
burg; 1884-88, Thomas W. Scott, Post 244, Fairfield.
INSPECTORS.
1871, John M. Snyder, Springfield ; 1873, E. J. Rook, Chicago;
1874, P. Flinn ; 1877, T. G. Lawler, Post 1, Rockford ; 1878, C. R.
E. Koch, Post 7, Chicago ; 1879-80, H. C. Cooke, Post 5, Chi-
cago ; 1881, A. B. Russ, Post 7, Chicago ; 1882, J. H. Collier, Post
70, Gibson City ; 1883, James E. Jewett, Post 117, Pekin ; 1884,
William Yenable, Post 103, Macomb ; 1885, George A. Wilson,
Post 67, Peoria ; 1886-87, A. D. Reade, Post 48, Batavia ; 1888,
Fred. W. Spink, Post 40, Chicago.
* To Department Commander,
528 Grand Army of the Republic.
judge-advocates.
1873, Hubert Dilger, Post 30, Springfield ; 1874, E. S. Weedon,
Post 1, Chicago ; 1877, E. 8. Weedon, Post 1, Chicago ; 1878, E.
J. Harkness, Post 28, Chicago ; 1879-82, H. H. Thomas, Post 5,
Chicago ; 1883, T. A. Boyd, Post 121, Lewiston ; 1884, R. P.
Crawford, Post 1, Eockford ; 1885-88, James A. Connolly, Post
271, Charleston.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1874, John Stephens, Chicago ; 1877, Warren S. Noble, Post
17, AVilniiugtou ; 1878, L. S. Lambert, Post 45, Galesbnrg ; 1879-
80, *E.AV. Chamberlain, Post 28, Chicago; 1881, H. P. Thompson,
Post 5, Chicago ; 1882, *L. S. Hudson, Post 40, Chicago ; 1883, P.
AY. Wilcox, Post 135, Mendota ; 188^85, John C. Bell, Post 30,
Springfield ; 1888-87, *John G. Mack, Post 30, Springfield ; 1888,
Aaron F. AVolcott, Post 28, Chicago.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1871— R. M. Hough, Chicago ; E. B. Harlan, Springfield ;
Richard Rowett, Carlinsville ; H. Chapin, Chicago.
1872 — T. G. Lawler, Rockt'ord ; A. H. Wiaut, Turner Junction.
1873 — r. M. Bradshaw, Chicago ; E. L. Higgins, Springfield ;
T. G. Lawler, Rockford ; M. Burns, Plainfield ; A. H. AViant, Tur-
ner Junction.
1874— A. H. Wiant, re-elected ; H. B. Scott, Post 7, Chicago ;
G. N. Carey, Post 3, Plainfield ; Jas. Stewart, Post 1, Rockford ;
P. Flynn, Post 2.
1875— J. AY. Burst, Post 12, Sycamore ; J. S. Plielps, Chicago ;
Robt. Walsh, B. F. Harner, J. Dennison.
187f)— J. AY. Burst, re-elected ; J. AY. R. Stambaugh, Sterling ;
E. W. ^\'i]lard, Chicago ; Ira A. Church, AVatseka.
1877— J. AY. Burst, re-elected ; G. N. Carey, Post 3, Plainfield ;
C. W. Pavey, Post 42, Mt. A^ernon ; E. D. Swain, Post 5, Chicago ;
S. L. Swinnery, Post 30, Springfield.
1878— J. W. Burst, S. L. Swinnery, re-elected ; T. G. Lawler,
* Deceased.
Department of Illinois. 529
Post 1, Rockford ; H. H. Thomas, Post 5, Chicago ; E. A. Sher-
burne, Post 28, Chicago.
1879— J. W. Burst, T. G. Lawler, re-elected ; J. F. Torrence,
Post 23, Chicago ; J. N. Reece, Post 30, Springfield ; J. Vosburg,
Post 20, Aurora.
1880 — T. G. Lawler, re-elected ; Rowley Page, Post 45, Gales-
burg ; J. H. Collier, Post 70, Gibson City; J. B. Chase, Post 20,
Aurora ; J. T. McMasters, Post 48, Batavia.
1881 — J. H. Collier, J. B. Chase, re-elected ; Arthur Erbe,
Post 9, Chicago ; S. Montooth, Post 37, Elmira ; J. H. Richard-
son, Post 45, Galesburg.
1882—1. S. Taylor, Post 55, Centralia ; D. D. Parry, Post 81,
Kirkwood ; A. A. Singer, Post 9, Chicago ; F. O. White, Post 20,
Aurora ; M. Hulett, Post 50, Chicago.
1883— Enos Bond, Post 50, Chicago ; M. C. Mills, Post 171,
Robinson ; L. C. Welsh, Post 28, Chicago ; Emmanuel Stover,
Post 85, Lanark ; W. H. Chenoweth, Post 5, Chicago.
1884 — Enos Bond, W. H. Chenoweth, re-elected; C. A. Car-
michael. Post 81, Kirkwood ; Richard Rowett, Post 96, Quiucy ;
Philip Sidney Post, Post 50, Chicago.
1885— John C. Yates, Post 67, Peoria ; A. R. Mock, Post 436,
Cambridge ; Alfred Wilson, Post 109, South Chicago ; J. W.
Goudy, Post 393, Areola ; Thos. C. FuUerton, Post 156, Ottawa.
1886— J. W. Goudy, re-elected ; C. R. E. Koch, Post 5, Chi-
cago ; Wm. H. Derthick, Post 164, Belvidere ; A. Cantwell, Post
171, Robinson ; F. M. Pickett, Post 454, Harrisburg.
1887— C. R. E. Koch, re-elected; J. F. Harrell, Post 20, Au-
rora ; E. D. Steen, Post 77, Danville ; Wm. Clendenin, Post 312,
Moline ; E. R. Roberts, Post 450, Springfield.
1888— Wm. Clendenin, re-elected; N. B. Thistlewood, Post
349, Cairo ; J. F. Harral, Post 20, Aurora ; O. F. Avery, Post 105,
Poutiac ; O. C. Town, Post 1, Rockford.
MUSTER OF GENERAL SHERIDAN.
General Philip H. Sheridan was mustered as a member of Geo.
H. Thomas Post No. 5, Chicago, October 23, 1879. Dept. Com-
34
530 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
mauder E. D, Swain conducted the ceremonies and Chief Muster-
ing Officer E. W. Chamberlain made the 1)adge presentation.
This badge was always worn thereafter by General Sheridan
when in uniform and on j)ul)lic occasions, and is shown on all his
latest portraits.
General Sheridan died at Nonquitt, Massachusetts, August 5,
1888. As his family desired that the- funeral should ])e strictly
a military one, the Grand Army of the Republic had no opjjor-
tunity of showing the great love and respect of its members for
their illustrious comrade.
MEMORIAL DAY.
May 30th was made a legal holiday in Illinois by Act of the
Legislature approved May 30, 1881.
THE soldiers' HOME AT QUINCY.
At the Department Encampment in 1884, a Committee consist-
ing of Past Department Commanders H. Hilliard, E. D. Swain, J.
W. Burst and T. G. Lawler, was appointed to obtain statistics as
to the number of dependent soldiers in the State ; to memorialize
the Legislature on the necessity of at once providing a Home for
the comfort of these veterans, and to prepare a bill for the con-
sideration of the Legislature covering the objects to be accom-
plished, in order that a Home could be provided for a limited
number of veterans at the earliest date.
The committee was successful in obtaining from the Legisla-
ture an appropriation of $200,000 for the construction of the
l>uildings. Immediately on the bill becoming a law, the Governor
appointed a committee on location who selected a site at Quincy,
beautifully located, and containing about one hundred and forty
acres of excellent land. The Governor then appointed a Board of
Trustees, consisting of General Daniel Dustin, Sycamore, Illinois;
Colonel L. T. Dickason, Danville, Illinois, and Major J. G. Eoav-
land, Quincy, Illinois, who organized by electing General Dustin
President, and Major Rowland, Secretary. The work of con-
struction was begun in time to complete enough cottages to ac-
commodate all veterans who were in the charitable institutions of
tiie State before the severe cold of the lato fall came upon them.
The Legislature of 188(3 and 1887 made an appropriation of
Department of Michigan. 531
$406,000 for additional cottages and maintenance until 1889, mak-
ing the total appropriations for buildings $337,000; maintenance,
1887, $45,000 ; 1888, $100,000 ; 1889, $124,500 ; total, $606,500.
The number of inmates present, August 16, 1888, was 562.
The cottages now under way will afford accommodations for 750
men.
The officers of the Home, 1888, are : J. G. Rowland, Superin-
tendent; S. B. Sherer, Adjutant ; B. H. Carnahan, Quartermaster;
Dr. R. W. McMahon, Surgeon ; Jas. D. Morgan, Treasurer.
I
DEPARTMENT OF MICHIGAN.
Brevet Brigadier-General William Humphrey, Colonel 2d
Michigan Volunteer Infantry, was appointed Provisional Com-
mander, Department of Michigan, October 1, 1867. He, with
Comrade J. H, Fee, represented the Department at the Cincinnati
Encampment, 1869.
In 1871 the Adjutant-General reported that the Department of
Michigan was in excellent condition, all reports and dues having
been promptly made.
No records, however, have been preserved of the early organi-
zation, and the only roster of officers published in the Journals
of the National Encampment was for the year 1871 : Department
Commander, William Humphrey, Lansing, since deceased ; Senior
Vice-Commander, J. C. Dickerson, Hillsdale ; Junior Vice-Com-
mander, O. L. Spaulding, St. Johns ; Medical Director, Dr. S. S.
I'rench, Battle Creek ; Chaplain, Rev, C. Van Dorn, Corunna ;
Council of Administration — F. W. Swift, Detroit ; J. C. Danogh,
Ovid ; R, D. Dix, Berrien Springs ; S. B. Smith, Adrian ; L. Sa-
viers, Tecumseh ; Assistant Adjutant-General, Jas. W. King, Lan-
sing ; Assistant Quartermaster-General, Samuel J. Mills, Lansing ;
InsjDBctor, A. Cottrel.l, Lansing ; Judge-Advocate, R. B. Robins,
Adrian.
No returns were made to National Headquarters in 1872, -and
later the Department was reported disorganized, and was dropped
from the rolls of Departments.
In 1875 a Post was organized at Coldwater, and on November
19 of that year Captain D. B. Purinton was appointed Provisional
532 Grand Akmy of the Republic.
Commander of the Department ; Comrade John Mansfield, As-
sistant Adjutant-General ; Jonas H. McGowan, Assistant Quarter-
master-General ; 8. B. Kitchell, and D. P. Cushman, Council of
Administration. C. A. Loomis Post No. 2 was organized at Quin-
cv, January 22, 187(), and in February Comrade B. F. Clark, of
that Post, was appointed Senior Vice-Department Commander.
But little could be done at this time in organizing Posts in
Michigan. In April, 1878, Major C. V. R. Pond succeeded Cap-
tain Purinton as Provisional Commander. He established Head-
quarters at Quincy, and appointed D. W. Sawyer, Assistant Adju-
tant-General, and N. A. Reynolds, Assistant Quartermaster-General.
By persisjbent work on the part of Comrade Pond a sufficient
number of Posts were chartered to form the permanent Depart-
ment at Grand Rapids, January 22, 1879.
Meetings have been held and officers elected since the reor-
ganization as follows :
ANNUAL MEETINGS.
I. January 22, 1879, Grand Rapids ; II. January, 1880, Grand
Rapids; III. January 21, 1881, Quincy; IV. January 19, 1882,
Muskegon ; V. January 18, 1883, Battle Creek ; VL January 23,
1884, Detroit; VII. February 11, 1885, East Saginaw; VIII.
April 21, 1886, Jackson ; IX. March IG, 1887, Grand Rapids ; X.
March 14, 1888, Lansing.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1878, Provisional, C. V. R. Pond, Post 2, Quincy ; 1879, C. V.
R. Pond (see Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Chapter XX) ;
1880, A. T. McReynolds, Post 5, Grand Rapids ; 1881-82, Byron
R. Pierce, Post 5, Grand Rapids ; 1883, O. A. Janes, Post 6, Hills-
dale (see Inspector-General, Chapter XXIII) ; 1884, Rush J.
Shank, Post 42, Lansing ; 1885, Chas. D. Long, Post 145, Flint ;
1886, John Northwood, Post 172, New Lothrop ; 1887, L. G.
Rutherford, Post 26, Hart ; 1888, Washington Gardner, Post 48,
Jackson.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1878, Provisional, H. M. Bigelow ; 1879, H. M. Bigelow, Post 3,
Moutague ; 1880, G. S. Bartholomew, Post 4, Reading; 1881, D.
Department of Michigan. 533
W. Sawyer, Post 2, Quincy ; 1882-83, Geo. E. Wright, Post 14,
Benton Harbor ; 1884, M. A. Merrifield, Post 88, Union City ;
1885, Geo. L. Fisher, Post 114, Fowlerville ; 1886, S. P. Hosraer,
Post 140, Tecumseh ; 1887, W. W. Cook, Post 60, Leslie ; 1888,
True Hart, Post 69, Midland.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1878, Provisional, S. B. Kitchell ; 1879, W. A. Palmer ; 1880,
S. D. Murray, Post 7, Muskegon ; 1881, Dallas Johnson, Post 3,
Montague ; 1882, *0. A. Janes ; 1883, J. M. Kellar, Post 38, East
Saginaw ; 1884, M. H. Bumphrey, Post 72, Three Eivers ; 1885,
H. F. Higgins, Post 170, Petoskey ; 1886, August Goebel, Post
162, Detroit ; 1887, Thos. H. Williams, Post 48, Jackson ; 1888,
Loren Roberts, Post 18, Traverse.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1879, N. J. Pierce, Post 4, Reading ; 1880, H. C. Stephenson,
Post 5, Grand Rapids ; 1881, J. M. Cook, Post 7, Muskegon ; 1882,
S. S. French, Post 34, Otsego ; 1883, R. J. Shank, Post 42, Lan-
sing ; 1884, Horace Tupper, Post 67, Bay City ; 1885, Norman
Johnson, Post 67, Bay City; 1886, L. A. Howard, Post 259, Litch-
field ; 1887, C. P. Brown, Post 279, Spring Lake ; 1888, Wells B.
Fox, Post 11, Bancroft.
CHAPLAINS.
1879, C. H. De Clute, Post 1, Coldwatex ; 1880, Samuel Par-
ker ; 1881, William H. Miller, Post 13, Harbor Springs ; 1882,
Sheldon Smith, Post 19, Bangor ; 1883, J. R. Savage, Post 86,
Mancelona ; 1884, C. A. Munn, Post 28, Big Rapids ; 1885, Edw.
P. Gibbs, Post 75, Grand Haven ; 1886, Chester D. Berry, Post
105, Tekonsha ; 1887, Henry W. Thompson, Post 175, Escanaba ;
1888, Wm. H. Miller, Post 61, Gaylord.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1878-79, Daniel W. Sawyer, Post 2, Quincy ; 1880, A. B. Car-
rier, Post 5, Grand Rapids ; resigned April 15 ; succeeded by H.
* To Department Commander.
53-4 Grand Army of the IIepublic.
H. Holton, Post 5, Grand Rapids, wlio served during 1881-82 ;
1883, AVm. H. Tallman, Post 6, Hillsdale ; 1884, Geo. W. Stone,
Post 42, Lansing ; 1885-86, Oscar F. Lochhead, Post 145, Flint ;
1887, Win. E. Thorp, Post 26, Hart ; 1888, G. M. Devlin, Post 48,
Jackson.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1878, W. H. Tliurber, Post 2, Quincy ; 1879, N. A. Reynolds,
Post 1, Coldwater; 1880-81, Edwin Hoyt, Jr., Post 5, Grand
Rapids ; 1882, Milo G. Randall ; resigned October 16 ; succeeded
by C. B. Carpenter, Post 5, Grand Rapids ; 1883, F. K. Proctor,
Post 6, Hillsdale ; 1884, A. Cottrell, Post 42, Lansing ; 1885-86,
Ira H. Wilder, Post 145, Flint ; 1887, *Daniel Landon, Post 26,
Hart ; died, while so serving, October 8, 1887 ; succeeded by
Horace J. Holmes, Post 26, Hart'; 1888, Albert Dunham, Post 48,
Jackson.
INSPECTORS.
1879, W. P. Innes, Post 5, Grand Rapids ; 1880, J. C. Smith,
Post 5, Grand Rapids ; 1881-82, L. W. Heath, Post 5, Grand
Rapids ; 1883, J. F. Barmore, Post 22, Buchanan ; 1884, Roscoe
D. Dix, Post 39, Berrien Springs ; 1885, C. G. Hampton, Post
17, Detroit ; 1886, Norman G. Cooper, Post 73, Sturgis ; 1887,
C. C. Storrs, Post 280, North Muskegon ; 1888, Wm. Shakespeare,
Post 79, Kalamazoo.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1879, S. B. Kitchell, Post 1, Coldwater ; 1880, R. P. Sinclair,
Post 5, Grand Rapids ; 1881, L. W. Wolcott, Post 5, Grand Rapids ;
1882, L. G. Rutherford, Post 26, Hart ; 1883, M. A. Merrilield,
Post 88, Union City ; 1884, G. H. Penniman, Post 162, Detroit ;
1885, Daniel Griffith, Post 48, Jackson ; 1886, S. B. Daboll, Post
156, St. Johns ; 1887, Michael Brown, Post 294, Big Rapids ; 1888,
B. F. Graves, Post 45, Adrian.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1879-80, H. H. Holton, Post 5, Grand Rapids ; 1881, George R.
Wright, Post 14, Benton Harbor ; 1882, J. G. Todd, Post 20, Hart-
* Deceased.
Depabtment of Michigan. 535
ford; 1883, A. M. Holt, Post 17, Detroit; 1884, E. H. Taylor, Post
171, Vassar ; resigned March, 1884, succeeded by *Chas. D. Long,
Post 145, Flint ; 1885, William G. Gage, Post 38, East Saginaw ;
1886, C. O. Jennison, Post 83, Greenville; 1887, Eber Kice, Post
5, Grand Eapids ; 1888, Edwin Hoyt, Jr., Post 5, Grand Eapids.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1879— A. T. McEeynoIds, Post 5, Grand Eapids ; J. E. Mess-
more, Seth Ellis ; Daniel W. Sawyer, Post 2, Quincy ; H. H.
Weaver, Post 1, Coldwater.
1880— Daniel W. Sawyer, H. H. Weaver, re-elected ; J. W. Ma-
son, Post 8, Alliugton ; D. Johnson, Post 3, Montague ; A, J.
Bradford, Post 7, Muskegon.
1881— A. J. Bradford, re-elected ; Jos. Keegan, Post 12, Deer-
field ; O. A. Janes, Post 6, Hillsdale ; G. E. Wright, Post 14, Ben-
ton Harbor ; H. C. Stephenson, Post 5, Grand Eapids.
1882— A. M. Holt, Post 17, Detroit ; D. Johnson, Post 3, Mon-
tague ; W. L. Eyan, Post 7, Muskegon ; L. M. Ward, Post 14,
Benton Harbor ; Geo. Cook, Post 5, Grand Eapids.
. 1883— B. F. Partridge, Post 67, Bay City ; D. W. Sawyer, Post
2, Quincy ; J. G. Todd, Post 19, Bangor ; A. F. Temple, Post 7,
Muskegon ; M. Chase, Post 34, Otsego.
1881— J. H. Dennis, Post 125, Hastings ; A. W. Mills, Post
140, Tecumseh ; G. E. Aiken, Post 67, Bay City ; A. J. Bradford,
Post 7, Muskegon ; W. G. Gage, Post 38, East Saginaw.
1885— G. E. Aiken, re-elected ; J. W. Eomeyn, Post 17, De-
troit ; C. O. Jennison, Post 83, Greenville ; Albert Dunham, Post
48, Jackson ; fj. D. Eonan, Post 76, Monroe.
1886— G. A. Chase, Post 17, Detroit ; T. N. Stevens, Post 75,
Grand Haven ; G. M. Buck, Post 79, Kalamazoo ; Edw. P. Gibbs,
Post 75, Grand Haven ; L. H. Eipley, Post 183, Holly.
1887— Louis Kanitz, Post 7, Muskegon ; B. F. Graves, Post 45,
Adrian ; W. J. Daly, Post 216, Mt. Clemens ; Ira H. Wilder, Post
145, Flint ; E. A. Parker, Post 17, Detroit.
* To Department Commander t Deceased.
533 Grand Army of the Ivepublic.
1^388 — Louis Kaiiitz, R. A. Parker, re-elected ; G. W. Bucking-
ham, Post 145, Flint ■,^\m. Jibb, Post 45, Adrian ; F. C. AVhipple,
Post 98, Port Huron.
STATE SOLDIERS HOME.
In 1883, General William Shakespeare, Kalamazoo, Quarter-
master-General of the State of Michigan, called public attention
to the fact that many Michigan soldiers had been forced to seek
shelter in almshouses. The Soldiers' and Sailors' Association
of Southwestern Michigan adopted resolutions on this subject,
and appointed a committee to confer with a committee of the
Grand Army, and at the following Department Encampment,
January, 1884, Comrade Eush J, Shank, Lansing, presented
a resolution relative to the establishment of a Soldiers' and Sail-
ors' Home, and a committee consisting of Colonel Eobt. F. Hill,
Kalamazoo, Geo. P. Sanford, Lansing, and General Luther S.
Trowbridge, Detroit, was appointed to seek Congressional aid.
They soon ascertained that this could not be secured owing to
the objections of the Board of Managers of the National Homes,
and then Dr. Shank drafted a bill providing for the establishment
of a State Home, which was presented in the Legislature by
Comrade John Northwood, New Lathrop, a member of the House,
later Department Commander. The bill was passed by the Leg-
islature, and became a law by the approval of Governor R. A.
Alger, June 5, 1885.
One hundred thousand dollars were appropriated for build-
ings, and $50,000 for maintenance in each of the years 1885,
1886.
A beautiful site for the Home, consisting of 132 acres, was
purchased by citizens of Grand liapids at a cost of $16,500, and
presented to the State for this purpose.
The main building is 258 feet front, wdtli two wings, each 120
feet deep, three stories high and a basement. This building Avas
dedicated December 30, 1886, and was opened for the reception of
inmates, January 1, 1887. The number of inmates, September,
1888, was 421.
The first Board of Managers consisted of Governor R. A. Al-
ger, Chairman ; Colonel A. T. Bliss, Saginaw ; Colonel Samuel
Wells, Buchanan ; General Byron R. Pierce, Grand Rapids ; Cap-
Department of Wisconsin.
537
tain B. A. Remick, Detroit ; Hon. Michael Brown, Big Rapids ;
Colonel Charles Y. Osburn, Marquette.
Governor Cyrus G. Luce is now (1888) Chairman ex officio of
the Board of Managers. General Byron R. Pierce, Past Depart-
ment Commander, resigned as one of the Managers, and was ap-
pointed Commandant of the Home.
DEPARTMENT OF WISCONSIN.
In 1865-66 the veterans of Wisconsin were organized, in the
cities and larger towns of the State, as " Soldiers' and Sailors'
Leagues." No State organ-
ization was formed, each
League acting independent-
ly, but all had the same
general objects ; the relief
of indigent veterans, and to
secure employment for and
in other ways advance the
interests of ex-soldiers and
sailors.
General J. K. Proudfit
was President, and Geo. E.
Rowell, Secretary, of the
League, at Madison. The
latter, on learning of the
formation of a Post of the
Grand Army of the Repub-
lic in Illinois, wrote to Springfield for information, and received
in reply copies of the constitution, accompanied with the request
that an organization be effected in Wisconsin. These copies of
the constitution were sent to officers of other Leagues, and corre-
spondence was had with influential veterans in different parts of
the State, which resulted in the issue of a call, signed by General
Proudfit, for a Convention, on June 7, 1866, at Madison. On this
date -a large and harmonious meeting was held. Colonel A. J.
Bartlett was chosen President of the meeting and appointed the
necessary committees.
Qenerax, J.K. Proudfit.
588 Grand Army of the Republic.
Resolutions were iinanimousl}' adopted accepting the plans
and organizations of the Grand Army of the Ilepul)lic, and urging
the " Soldiers' and Sailors' Leagues " to organize thereunder, and
requesting the Department Commander Avho should be elected
to make the necessary arrangements for this purpose as sjDeedily
as possible.
The Committee on Resolutions, consisting of General T. S.
Allen, Ca])taiu J. W. Tolford, Major Wood, Captain D. W. C. Wil-
son and Captain Norris, reported a number of resolutions, which
were adopted, among them the following :
Resolved, That wc tender our grateful acknowledgment for the just and kindly
spirit manifested by Congress in the passage of resolutions in favor of giving the
preference in ai)pointment to positions of honor and protit within the gift of the
National Government, other things being equal, to those who faithfully served in the
Union army during the war of the rebellion, and for the recent circular of the Presi-
dent of the United States of the same import, and that the propriety and justice of
exercising such discrimination in the case of those who have been disabled while in the
service of their country, are too obvious to be questioned. At the same time we disclaim
any disposition on the part of the brave and patriotic men whom we represent, the vol-
unteer soldiers of Wisconsin, to claim office as the reward of their services, or to place
themselves in the i)osition of clamorous office seekers. They regard, as every true
American should, the independence of private life and tlie prizes that wait upon in-
dividual enterpri.ses in the industrial and business pursuits open to all in this free
land as fffl'ering incentives to a worthy ambition preferable to tho.se offered by a
greedy scramble for place and the favor of politicians, and they receive the fulsome
flatteries and unsolicited promises of demagogues of whatever party that assumes
that the soldiers who risked their lives in defense of their country are a horde of
greedy office-seekers capable of being lured by promises of official patronage into the
service of political tricksters, with feelings of profound disgust and indignation.
The Committee on Permanent Organization presented a par-
tial list of officers who were then elected, as follows : Department
Commander, General J. K. Proudfit ; Council of Administration —
General T. S. Allen, General J. M. Rusk, Colonel A. J. Jiartlett,
Colonel E. A. Calkins ; Surgeon, L. H. Cary. Geo. F. Rowell was
afterwards .selected as Adjutant-General and Edward Coleman,
Quartermaster-General.
The Ritual and work of the Grand Army of the Republic was
explained by Robert M. Woods, Adjutant-General, Department of
Illinois.
General J. K. Proudfit, tlitis elected Department Commander,
was in active service during the whole period of the war, serving
from Private to Colonel. AVas bre vetted Brigadier-General to
date March 13, 18G5. In 1873 he was appointed Surveyor-General
Department of Wisconsin. 539
of New Mexico, wliicli position he held four years. He is now
living at Wyandotte, Kansas. Immediately after his election as
Department Commander he entered on the work of organizing
Posts in Wisconsin. The first Post was chartered at Madison,
June 10, 1866, with the following charter-members : J. M. Tol-
ford, Chas. G. Mayers, A. A. Meredith, H. C. Olney, F. Downs,
Geo. H. Meissner, Louis Gootman, Charles H. Barton, Thomas
Eeynolds, Henry Sandford, Lucius Fairchild, R. J. Chase, John
Reynolds, Geo. F. Rowell, John Betts, S. E. Pearson, Jas. K.
Proudfit.
General Proudfit also issued the charter under which the
present Post 2, Philadelphia, was organized.
The Department of Wisconsin maintained its organization
through all the trying period elsewhere referred to, elected offi-
cers and made its returns each year, though at one time it was
practically reduced to but three or four Posts.
Post No. 4, Berlin, chartered September, 1866, has kept up its
organization steadily from that date and undoubtedly is the oldest
Post in the Order with an unbroken record.
ANNUAL ENCAMPMENTS.
Meetings of the Department have been held as follows :
Convention, June 7, 1866, Madison ; I. June 19, 1867, Madi-
son ; II. January 8, 1868, Madison ; III. January 27, 1869, Madi-
son ; IV. January 26, 1870, Madison; V. January 11, 1871,
Madison ; VI. January 17, 1872, Mihvaukee ; VII. January 14,
1873, Berlin ; VIII. January 8, 1874, Milwaukee ; IX. January
13, 1875, Milwaukee ; X. January 12, 1876, Milwaukee ; XI. Jan-
uary 25, 1877, Oshkosh ; XIL January 24, 1878, Milwaukee ;
XIIL January, 1879, Milwaukee ; XIV. January 21, 1880, Osh-
kosh ; XV. January 25, 1881, Milwaukee ; XVI. January 26,
1882, Milwaukee; XVIL January 23, 1883, Portage; XVIIL
January 23, 1884, Janesville ; XIX. January 22, 1885, Madison ;
XX. February 3, 1886, Milwaukee; XXL February 15, 1887,
Milwaukee ; XXII. February 15, 1888, Milwaukee.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1866, J. K. Proudfit. Post 1, Madison ; 1867, H. A. Starr, Post
9, Milwaukee ; 1868, J. M. Rusk, Post 1, Madison ; 1869-70, T. S.
540 Grand Army of the Republic.
Allen, Post 1, Madison ; 1871-72, Ed. Ferguson, Post 3, Milwau-
kee ; resigned 1872, when elected Junior Yice-Commander-in-
Chief (see Chapter XII) ; 1873, A. J. McCoy, Post 117, Beaver
Dam ; 1874-75, Geo. A. Hannaford, Post 3, Milwaukee ; 1876, Jno.
Hancock, Post 10, Oshkosh ; 1877, H. G. Rogers, Post 3, Milwau-
kee ; 1878, S. F. Hammond, Post 2, Milwaukee ; 1879-81, Griff
J. Thomas, Post 4, Berlin ; 1882, H. M. Enos, Post 19, AVaukesha ;
1883-84, Philip Cheek, Jr., Post 9, Baraboo ; 1885, Jas. Davidson,
Post 30, Sparta ; 1886, Lucius Fairchild, Post 11, Madison; re-
signed when elected Commander-in-Chief (see Chapter XXV) ;
Henry P. Fischer, Post 2, Milwaukee, Avas elected to fill the va-
cancy ; 1887, M. Griffin, Post 52, Eau Claire ; 1888, A. G. Weis-
sert, Post 1, Milwaukee.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867, W. A. Bach, Post 4, Berlin ; 1868, C. L. Dering, Post 14,
Portage ; 1869-70, *Ed. Ferguson ; 1871-72, *A. J. McCoy ; 1873,
*G. A. Hannaford ; 1874, M. Larkins, Post 8, National Military
Home, Milwaukee ; 1875, *Jno. Hancock ; 1876, *H. G. Rogers ;
1877, Wm. Wall, Post 10, Oshkosh ; 1878, J. P. Luther, Post 4,
Berlin ; 1879, J. M. Yanderhoff, Post 3, Darien ; 1880, C. D. Cleve-
land, Post 10, Oshkosh ; 1881, Geo. C. Staff, Post 2, Milwaukee ;
1882, J. M. Yanderhoff, Post 3, Darien ; 1883, R. J. Flint, Post 58,
Menominee ; 1884, E. A. Calkins, Post 1, Milwaukee ; 1885, E. M.
Rogers, Post 36, Yiroqua ; 1886, *H. P. Fischer ; 1887, B. F. Bry-
ant, Post 38, La Crosse ; 1888, R. L. Wing, Post 155, Kewaunee.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867, D. A. Read ; 1868, A. J. Langworthy, Post 9, Milwaukee ;
1869, N. O. Adams ; 1870, fA. J. McCoy; 1871, J. M. Bull, Middle-
town ; 1872, Jas. Bennett, Post 11, Madison ; 1873, A. L. Tucker,
Post 4, Berlin ; 1874, Z. C. Hamilton, Post 4, Berlin ; 1875, fH.
G. Rogers ; 1876, *G. J. Thomas ; 1877, A. G. Dinsmore, Post 4,
Berlin ; 1878, Henry Bailey, Post 10, Oshkosh ; 1879-80, tG. C.
Staff; 1881, fJ. M. Yanderhoff; 1882, J. H. AVordsworth, Post 21,
AVaupaca ; 1883, E. W. Steele, Post 34, AYhitewater ; 1884, fE. M.
Rogers; 1885, T. W. Haight, Post 19, AVaukosha; 188(5, J. P. Briggs,
Post 55, AVarsaw ; 1887, Rol)ert luglis. Post 140, Bayfield ; 1888,
Wm. A. Browne, Post 17, Racine.
* To Department Commauder. f To Senior Vice-Commander.
Department of Wisconsin. 541
medical directors.
1866, L. H. Gary ; 1869, J. B. G. Baxter ; 1870-72, A. J. Ward,
Post 1, Madison ; 1873-74, S. L. Fuller, Post 3, Milwaukee ; 1875,
W. A. Gordon, Post 10, Osbkosh ; 1876, J. H. Stearns, Post 8,
National Home ; 1877-81, T. B. Eussell, Post 4, Berlin ; 1882,
Henry Palmer ; 1883, J. G. Pelton, Post 39, Spring Green ; 1884,
Alex. McBean, Post 68, Chippewa Falls ; 1885, F. W. Byers, Post
102, Monroe ; 1886, Chas. Ottilie, Post 38, La Crosse ; 1887, *F.
A. Marden, Post 2, Milwaukee ; died in office, September 24, 1887,
succeeded by A. J. Ward, Post 11, Madison ; 1888, Almon Clark,
Post 187, Sheboygan.
CHAPLAINS.
1870, J. H. McNees ; 1871, E. A. Ludwick, Soldiers' Home ;
1872, Samuel Fallows, Post 3, Milwaukee ; now Bishop Reformed
Episcopal Church, Chicago ; 1873, T. S. Johnson, Post 117,
Beaver Dam ; 1874, Wm. Zickerick, Post 4, Berlin ; 1875-77, My-
ron W. Reed, Post 3, Milwaukee (see Chaplain-in-Chief, Chapter
XIY) ; 1878, Wm. Zickerick, Post 4, Berlin ; 1879, Chas. T. Susan,
Post 4, Berlin ; 1880, Joel Clarke ; 1881, Chas. T. Susan, Post 4,
Berlin ; 1882, J. H. Whitney, Post 13, Reedsburg ; 1883, A. C.
Barry, Post 25, Lodi ; 1884, W. H. Hurd, Post 77, North La
Crosse ; 1885, J, W\ Sanderson, Post 1, Milwaukee ; 1886, Wm.
Zickerick, Post 130, Fond du Lac ; 1887-88, Wm. J. Fisher, Post
220, Horicon.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1866, Geo. F. Rowell, Post 1, Madison ; 1867-70, J. M. Bull,
Post 1, Madison ; 1871, Geo. R. Wright, Post 3, Milwaukee ; 1872,
George A. Hanuaford, Post 3, Milwaukee ; 1873, A. M. Burns ;
1874, W. F. Angevine, Post 3, Milwaukee ; 1875, S. W. Rhodes,
Post 3, Milwaukee ; 1876, Wm. Wall, Post 10, Oshkosh ; 1877, S.
F. Hammond, Post 2, Milwaukee ; 1878, M. Larkin, Post 8, Mil-
waukee ; 1879-81, John D. Galloway, Post 4, Berlin ; 1882, F. H.
Putney ; resigned ; succeeded by R. L. Gove, Post 19, Waukesha ;
1883-84, J. H. Whitney, Post 9, Baraboo ; 1885-86, tPhilip Cheek,
Jr., Post 9, Baraboo ; 1887, Geo. A. Barry, Post 52, Eau Claire ;
1888, Edmund B. Gray, Post 138, Palmyra (see Adjutant-General,
Chapter XXV).
* Deceased. \ To Department Commander.
542 Grand Army of the Republic.
assistant quartermasters-general.
1866-67, Edward Coleman, Post 1, Madison ; 1868-70, C. G.
Mayers, Post 1, Madison ; 1871-74, H. G. Rogers, Post 3, Mil-
waukee ; 1875, Samuel Martin, Post 3, Milwaukee ; 1876, R. J.
AVeisbroed, Post 10, Oslikosk ; 1877-78, H. E. Blancliard, Post 3,
Milwaukee ; 1879, Nathaniel Pierce, Post 4, Berlin ; 1880-81, Z.
C. Hamilton, Post 4, Berlin ; 1882-83, Griff J. Thomas, Post 4,
Berlin ; 1884, Herman Albrecht, Post 9, Baraboo ; 1885, L. M.
Stevens, Post 30, Sparta ; 1886, Thos. Priestly, Post 125, Mineral
Point ; 1887, Chas. W. Mott, Post 1, Milwaukee ; 1888, W. A.
Wyse, Post 13, Reedsburg.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1871, Jno. F. Hanser, Alma ; 1875, C. D. Cleveland, Post 10,
Oshkosh ; 1876, T. C. Ryan ; 1877, *Geo. B. Goodwin, Post 3, Mil-
waukee ; 1879-80, Henry B. Harshaw, Post 10, Oshkosh ; 1881,
H. D. Bullard, Delavan ; 1882, Geo. W. Bird, Post 26, Jefferson ;
1883, Geo. Graham, Post 42, Tomah ; 1884, George W. Bird, Post
26, Jefferson ; 1885-86, M. Griffin, Post 52, Eau Claire ; 1887,
^\. H. Beebee, Post 11, Platteville ; 1888, C. D. Cleveland, Post
10, Oshkosh.
INSPECTORS.
1869, A. J. McCoy, Beaver Dam ; 1871, G. J. Thomas, Post 4,
Berlin ; 1880, Chas. Perkins, Post 8, National Home ; 1883, T.
AV. Haight, Post 19, AVaukesha ; 1884-85, *A\'m. S. Stanley, Jr.,
Post 1, Milwaukee; 1886, Chas. E. Estabrook, Post 18, Mani-
towoc ; 1887, L. Ferguson, Post 136, Brandon ; 1888, Geo. A.
Barry, Post 52, Eau Claire.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1880, Henry P. Fischer, Post 2, Milwaukee ; 1882, Theron AA\
Haight, Post 19, AVaukesha ; 1883, L. O. Holmes, Post 9, Bara-
boo ; 1884, Chas. N. Davis, Post 86, Merrillau ; 1885, J. AV.
Currai), Post 11, 'Madison ; 1886, AV. A. AVyse, Post 13, Reeds-
burg; 1887, James Alilcs, Post 13, Reedsburg ; 1888, E. D. Coe,
Post 34, AVhitewater.
* Deceased.
Depaetment of Wisconsin. 543
council op administration.
1866— T. S. Allen, J. M. Rusk-, J. O. Bartlett, E. A. Calkins.
1868— J. A. Kellogg, G. H. Otis, F. C. Winkler, D. C. Ayres.
1869— M. H. Selious ; J. O. Bartlett, Post 17, Racine ; W. J.
Kershaw, Post 1, Madison ; H. B. Harshaw, Post 10, Oslikosh ;
J. A. Watrous, Post 130, Fond du Lac.
1870-71 — W. J. Kershaw, re-elected ; Lucius Fairchild, Post 1,
Madison ; W. A. Gordon, Post 10, Oshkosh ; J. M. Rusk, Post 1,
Madison ; C. W. Foster, Post 130, Fond du Lac.
1872— L. Fairchild, W. J. Kershaw, J. M. Rusk, re-elected ; M.
Larkin, Post 8, National Home, Milwaukee ; A. Tyler.
1873— M. Larkin, re-elected ; W. F. Angevine, Post 3, Milwau-
kee ; W. G. Bennett.
1874 — James Bennett, Post 1, Madison ; H. G. Rogers, Post 3,
Milwaukee ; J. P. Luther, Post 4, Berlin ; M. O. Reagen, Post 8,
National Home, Milwaukee ; T. S. Allen, Post 10, Oshkosh.
1875— Z. C. Hamilton, Post 4, Berlin ; Wm. W^all, Post 10,
Oshkosh ; T. W. Lynch, Post 8, National Soldiers' Home, Mil-
waukee ; Byron G. Singer and F. G. Wehe, Post 3, Milwaukee.
1876— H. B. Harshaw, Post 10, Oshkosh ; E. A. Calkins, Post
2, Milwaukee ; Geo. W. Beard, Post 3, Milwaukee ; Z. C. Hamil-
ton, Post 4, Berlin.
1877— H. B. Harshaw, re-elected ; C. O. Jennison, Post 2, Mil-
waukee ; Griff J. Thomas, Post 4, Berlin ; Chas. W. Felker, Post
10, Oshkosh ; Geo. Heywood, Post 3, Milwaukee.
1878-79— Wm Shallock, Post 2, Milwaukee ; H. A. Valentine,
Post 3, Milwaukee ; S. J. Ellis, Jr., Post 4, Berlin ; M. O. Reagen,
Post 8, National Home, Milwaukee ; C. D. Cleveland, Post .10,
Oshkosh.
1880— L. T. Nichols, Post 4, Berlin ; F. W. Follett, Post 10,
Oshkosh ; M. Larkin, Post 8, National Home ; Thos. Boland, Post
2, Milwaukee ; Rodney Seaver, Darien.
1881— C. L. Bering, Post 14, Portage ; Lyton Flynn, J. H. Eis-
ner, E. Dewey, J. C. Higgins.
544 Grand Army of the Republic.
1882— C. L. Dering, re-elected ; J. W. Cochrau ; Philip Cheek,
Jr., Post 9, Bar.iboo ; Geo. Graham, Post 42, Tomah ; J. A. AVat-
rous, Post 1, Milwaukee.
1883 — C. L. Dering, J. A. Watrous, re-elected ; H. B, Har-
shaw, Post 10, Oshkosh ; E. M. Rogers, Post 36, Yiroqua ; S. C.
Cobb, Post 20, Janesville.
1884^H. B. Harshaw, re-elected; W. H. Bennett, Post 11,
Madison ; W. S. Stanley, Jr., Post 1, Milwaukee ; C. M. Butt, Post
36, Viroqua ; Geo. C. Ginty, Post 68, Chippewa Falls.
1885 — Geo. C. Ginty, re-elected ; W. A. Wyse, Post 13, Reeds-
burg ; Geo. E. Smith, Post 17, Racine ; H. P. Fischer, Post 2,
Milwaukee ; D. Gr James, Post 33, Richland. Centre,
1886—0. B. Chester, Post 61, New Lisbon ; W. H. Blyton,
Post 30, Sparta ; E. I. Kidd, Post 134, Bloomington ; F. A. Mar-
den, Post 2, Milwaukee ; S. D. Blake, Post 92, Black River Falls.
1887 — Wm. Steinmeyer, Post 2, Milwaukee ; Geo. B. Carter,
Post 66, Platteville ; W. H. H. Cash, Post 61, New Lisbon ; E. G.
Harlow, Post 20, Janesville ; D. J. Dill, Post 189, Prescott.
1888— C. B. Welton, Post 11, Madison ; P. J. Schlosser, Post
2, Milwaukee ; C. K. Pier, Post 130, Fond du Lac ; C. H. Russell,
Post 4, Berlin ; S. F. Veeder, Post 59, Mauston.
Legislation.
grand army badge.
By Aot approved April 11, 1887, it is made a misdemeanor to
wear the badge of the Grand Army of the Republic, unless enti-
tled thereto, under penalty of imprisonment in the county jail for
not more than thirty days, or by fine not exceeding $20, or by
both such fine and imprisonment.
MEMORIAL DAY.
Memorial Day was made a legal holiday in Wisconsin, in 1879.
BURIAL OF DECEASED VETERANS.
By Act approved April 8, 1887 :
It shall be the duty of the town board of supervisors of the several towns, the
trustees of each village, and the aldermen of each ward in every city, in this State, to
Department of Wisconsin. 545
look after and cause to be interred in a decent and respectable manner, in any ceme-
tery or burial ground within this State, other than those used exclusively for the
burial of the pauper dead, at au expense to the county not to exceed thirty-five dol-
lars, the body of any honorably discharged ex-Union soldier, sailor or marine, who
shall have at any time served in the army or navy of the United States, and who
shall hereafter die, not leaving means sufficient to defray the necessary expenses of a
decent funeral and burial, or who shall die in indigent circumstances where the fam-
ily of such soldier, sailor or marine would be distressed by defraying the expenses of
such funeral or burial.
The County Board is required to make application to the
General Government for a suitable headstone, and cause the same
to be placed, at the expense of the county, at the head of such de-
ceased soldier's, sailor's or marine's grave.
RELIEF.
By Act approved April 2, 1887, a tax must be levied in each
county, not exceeding one-fifth of one mill, for the relief of indi-
gent Union soldiers, sailors and marines, and the indigent wives,
widows and minor children of indigent or deceased veterans.
The law provides that these funds shall be disbursed by a Sol-
diers' Relief Commission appointed by the County Judge in each
county, " and no honorably discharged soldier, sailor or marine
shall be sent to a poorhouse in Wisconsin, but that suitable pro-
vision shall be made for them by the Relief Commission."
STATE soldiers' HOME.
At the Department Encampment held in Milwaukee February
15, 1887, Department Commander Henry P. Fischer urged action
in establishing a State Veterans' Home.
By direction of the Encampment a bill for this purpose was at
once introduced in the Legislature, and was speedily passed by
that body. The Encampment deemed it best not to ask the State
to appropriate money for building a Home, but simply to make
provision for its maintenance when one should be established by
the Grand Army of the Republic.
The bill, as approved April 14, 1887, appropriated the sum of
three dollars per week for each inmate. Destitute soldiers, sail-
ors and marines, residents of the State of Wisconsin, who cannot
be received into any National Home, and " such destitute women,
residents of the State, as were wives of Union soldiers, sailors or
35
546 Grand Army of the Republic.
marines during tlie time of the civil war," are eligible to admis-
sion.
The city of Waupaca donated a tract of land known as Green-
wood Park, containing seventy-seven acres, beautifully located in
the chain of lakes three miles from that city. It is valued at
$15,000. The hotel building on the place required only heating
apparatus and furniture to make it immediately available. Pos-
session was obtained October 1, 1887, and early in November the
first inmates were received.
The Posts of the Department, the Woman's Relief Corps, and
a number of patriotic citizens, promptly contributed over $5,000
to make the necessary changes and erect several cottages. The
plan adopted of erecting small cottages, costing not over $250
each, has enabled a number of the Posts and Corps to build
special cottages.
Dr. F. A. Marden, one of the original corporators, was elected
President of the Board, and died while so serving.
The present Board of Trustees are J. H. Marston, President ;
A. O. Wright, Secretary; Benj. F. Bryant, Treasurer ; A. G. Weis-
sert, Department Commander ; R. N. Roberts, J. N. Woodworth
and W. D. Crocker.
DEPARTMENT OF MISSOURI.
In July, 1865, an association was formed in St. Louis under
the title "Volunteer Mutual Aid Society." Its principal purjjose
being to secure employment for honorably discharged Union sol-
diers and sailors who at this time were returning in large num-
])ers, almost all seeking work and, with the exception of cases of
absolute destitution and want, declining charity.
The managers of the society were Mayor Jas. S. Thomas,
Colonel R. J. Rombauer, Dr. Spiegelhalter, Dr. Linton, Colonel
Henry Flad, Major F. T. Ledergerber, Colonel Jos. Weydemeier,
Gen. J. McNeil, Dr. Philip Weigel, Judge Thos. J. Dailey, Gen.
J. li. Gray, Hon. Geo. Partridge, Col. Philip Murphy, Col. Chas. G.
Stifel and Captain F. Leser. Up to April 6, 1887, this associa-
tion had obtained })ositions for 1,803 veterans, and there being no
pressing necessity for further united work, the association was
Department of Missouri. 547
dissolved and the balance of funds on liand transferred to the
Soldiers' Orphan Home in St. Louis.
The date of the formation of the first Post in Missouri cannot
now be stated, but the records show that General John McNeil,
St. Louis, was appointed Provisional Commander in July, 1866,
and Colonel F. T. Ledergerber, Adjutant-General. In August,
General Chester Harding, Jr., succeeded Colonel Ledergerber, and
Chas. Kantriner was appointed Assistant Adjutant-General, He
resigned some time later, and Alex. Lowry, also of St. Louis, was
appointed his successor.
One of the most efficient Posts in the interior of the State was
organized October 1, 1866, in Kirksville, Adair county, in North-
east Missouri, a town of decided Union proclivities. Dr. R. H.
Browne was elected Post Commander, and with other members of
this Post organized a number of Posts in that section. The Post
was maintained until 1871, and was reorganized in 1880. In that
year a large reunion of Union soldiers was held there, lasting four
days. Another successful reunion was held in 1885.
The Department was organized on May 7, 1867, General Carl
Schurz, Grand Commander. A large number of Posts were
formed during the year. The membership was largely composed
of men who had entered the Federal service in April and May,
1861, and by the capture of Camp Jackson, kept St. Louis and
Missouri in the Union, and so secured the first great success in
the war.
The excited political disputes between President Johnson and
Congress, in 1867-68, led to an intense feeling on the subject in
Missouri, and the members of the Grand Army there, strong in
their political convictions, believed that another civil war was
impending, and that it was their duty as Union soldiers to express
their opinions in positive terms.
At a representative meeting of the different divisions and Posts
of the Grand Army, held at Central Turner Hall, St. Louis, De-
partment Commander General Carl Schurz presiding, Comrade R.
J. Rombauer, by unanimous instruction from the Second Division,
presented resolutions stating that the final sovereignty of this
nation rests in Congress then defending the results and fruits of
the late war, and in case of an open breach with the President,
the Grand Army of Missouri pledges its unconditional support
to the American Congress. These resolutions were unanimously
adopted.
0-13 Grand Army of the Republic.
On May 14, 1808, a Department Encampment was held and the
foHowing oliicers were elected : Grand Commander, R. J. llom-
bauer ; Senior Vice-Commander, Joseph W. McClurg ; Junior
Vice-Commander, "William J. Pile ; Surgeon-General, Jos. Spie-
gelhalter ; Chaplain, Francis Romer ; Assistant Adjutant-General,
John O. Schoener ; Assistant Quartermaster-General, Philip H.
Murphy ; Council of Administration — John S, Cavender, John
McFalf, G. A. Finkelnburg, E. L. King and D. P. Dyer.
Later Chas. V. Soden succeeded Comrade Schoener as Assist-
ant Adjutant-General. The Department was divided into Dis-
tricts, with competent officers, and everything was done to make
the Department thoroughly efficient.
There were at this time twelve Posts in St. Louis, fourteen
in St. Louis county and eighty-three in other Districts — one hun-
dred and nine Posts in all.
On Memorial Day, May 30, 1869, the Posts of St. Louis made
an imposing demonstration in decorating the graves of the dead.
Deijartment Commander Rombauer, referring to this, said : " It
may be -considered a new era that in the midst of a community
once the scene of civil war, the newspaper press, without dis-
tinction of political creed, swayed its influential powers to cele-
brate the occasion of paying the tribute of gratefulness to the
fallen patriots to whom we owe the victory of the cause of
humanity, the peace of the country and the prosperity of the
nation."
Notwithstanding the interest displayed in the Grand Army in
these early years it soon began to decline. No reports were made
to National Headquarters after 1871, and the Department organ-
ization was subsequently abandoned.
In 1875 efforts were made to reorganize several of the Posts,
and Captain T. E. Lonergan, St. Louis, was appointed Provisional
Commander. He removed to New York in the fall of that year,
and Comrade Ford Smith was appointed his successor, but there
was not sufficient encouragement to continue these efforts and
they were given up for several years.
REORGANIZATION.
Comrade J. C. Walkinshaw, commanding Department of Kan-
sas, then on the postal route from Leavenworth to St. Louis,
undertook the work of organizing a Post in the latter city. At a
Department of Missouri. 549
meeting for tlie purpose, held on December 8, 1879, in Governor
Fletcher's office in St. Louis, Comrade Walkinshaw, assisted by
Comrades F. R. Potter and J. B. Pachall, mustered John Reed,
Thomas B. Rodgers and Stillman O. Fish, and at a second meeting,
a week later, added J. W. Francis, Robert B. Beck, G. Harry Stone
and John O'Connell. These comrades, with Geo. G» Chase, Rich-
ard Mollencott, F. R. Potter and J. B. Pachall, on transfer, were
formally m.ustered as Frank P. Blair Post No. 1, January 8, 1880.
Later Lewis Moore, E. M. Joel, B. Seaman and A. Dreifus were
mustered, completing the list on the charter.
On April 24th, General John S. Cavender, St. Louis, was ap-
pointed Provisional Commander for the Department ; David Mur-
phy, Assistant Adjutant-General.
It was exceedingly hard work to obtain a foot-hold for the
organization in the State, and required two years of time to secure
the muster of the number of Posts required to form a Depart-
ment.
On April 22, 1882, a convention to organize the Department
was held at Kansas City, with representatives of nine Posts pres-
ent : Post 1, St. Louis ; Post 2, St. Louis ; Post 4, Kansas City ;
Post 7, St. Joseph ; Post 8, Kansas City ; Post 9, Kansas City (a
colored Post which soon disbanded); Post 10, Rich Hill ; Post 11,
Lexington ; Post 12, Grant City.
Major William Warner, Commander of Geo. H. Thomas Post
No. 8, Kansas City, was elected Department Commander and
served two years, having chartered over 160 Posts, with a mem-
bership in good standing of 6,696.
MUSTER OP GENERAL W. T. SHERMAN.
On December 9, 1883, a charter was issued for Ransom Post
No. 131, St. Louis. The application for charter was headed with
the signature of General W. T. Sherman, who had then been re-
tired as General, United States Army, and had settled at his old
home in St. Louis.
The ceremonies of muster-in, on December 19, 1883, were at-
tended by Department Commander Warner and Staff, and com-
rades from a number of Posts in the Department.
General Sherman was elected Post Commander and served the
remainder of that term. He has each year since been unanimously
550 Grand Army of thk Republic.
elected Representative-nt-large from the Department of Missouri
to the Natioual Eucampment.
ANNUAL HEETINGS OF THE DEPARTMENT.
I. April 22, 1882, Kansas City ; II. March 22, 1883, St. Jo-
seph ; III. April 10, 1881, St. Louis ; IV. March 4, 1885, Kansas
City; y. February 17, 1886, Mexico; VI. February 2, 1887, Spring-
field ; VII. March 14, 1888, Trenton.
DEPARTMENr COMMANDERS.
1881, Provisional, John S. Cavender, Post 1, St. Louis ; 1882-
83, William Warner, Post 8, Kansas City (see Commander-in-
Chief, Chapter XXVI) ; 1884, W. F. Chamberlain, Post 43, Han-
nibal ; 1885-86, Nelson Cole, Post 1, St. Louis (see Senior Vice-
Commander-in-Chief, Chapter XXVI) ; 1887, E. E. Kimball, Post
26, Nevada ; 1888, Hiram Smith, Jr., Post 17, Cameron.
SENIOR YICE-COMMANDERS.
1882, David Murphy, Post 1, St. Louis ; 1883, J. S. Sterrett,
Post 7, St. Joseph ; 1884, *Nelson Cole ; 1885, C. W. Whitehead,
Post 8, Kansas City; 1886, *E. E. Kimball ; 1887, *Hiram Smith,
Jr. ; 1888, John E.'Phelps, Post 69, Springfield.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1882, t J. ^. Sterrett ; 1883, *AV. F. Chamberlain ; 1884, S. E.
W^etzell, Post 16, Carthage ; 1885, fE. E. Kimball ; 1886, fHiram
Smith, Jr. ; 1887, fJohn E. Phelps ; 1888, Leo Rasseur, Post 1,
St. Louis.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1882-83, C. W. Fitzpatrick, Post 3, Kansas City ; 1884, Chas.
W. Scott, Post 3, Kansas City. ; 1885, N. S. Richardson, Post 23,
Macon ; 1886-88, A. Van Meter, Post 34, Lamar.
• To Department Commander. f To Senior Vice-Commander.
Department of Missouri. 551
chaplains.
1882, S. G. Bundy, Post 10, Kich Hill ; 1883, H. C. Weaver,
Post 4, Kausas City; 1881-87, Jno. S. Ferguson, Post 6, Jefferson
City ; 1888, T. J. Ferril, Post 7, St. Joseph.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1882, Nat. M. Gwynne, Post 4, Kansas City; resigned Septem-
ber 29 ; succeeded by Albion P. Pease, Post 3, Kansas City; 1883,
Albion P. Pease ; 1884, C. N. Clark, Post 43, Hannibal ; 1885-86,
John McNeil, Post 1, St. Louis ; 1887-88, Thomas B. Eodgers,
Post 1, St. Louis.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1882, H. W. Turner, Post 11, Lexington ; 1883, A. E. Dana,
Post 4, Kansas City; 1884, E. G. Granville, Post 8, Kansas City;
1885-86, John McNeil (also Assistant Adjutant-General); 1887-88,
Thos. B. Eodgers (also Assistant Adjutant-General).
INSPECTORS.
1882-83, Christian Stawitz, Post 1, St. Louis; 1884, Pt. H.
Browne, Post 22, Kirksville ; 1885-86, Arthur Dreifus, Post 1,
St. Louis ; 1887, O. P. Smith, Post 3, Kansas City; 1888, Chas. L.
Pixley, Post 8, Kansas City.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1882, Thos. C. Fletcher, Post 2, St. Louis ; 1883, W. J. Terrell,
Post 50, Harrisonville ; 1884-86, Ira K. Alderman, Post 21,
Maryville ; 1887, Ezra J. Smith, Post 53, Sedalia ; 1888, W. J.
Terrell, Post 50, Harrisonville.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1882, Thos. Phelan, Post 8, Kansas City ; 1883, John M. Arm-
strong, Post 7, St. Joseph ; 1884, J. H. Decker, Post 43, Hanni-
bal ; 1885-87, C. C. Gardiner, Post 1, St. Louis ; 1888, Thos. W.
Evans, Post 7, St. Joseph.
552 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
council of administration.
1882— P. V. Wise, Post 7, St. Joseph ; W. J. Sparks, Post 12,
Grant City ; H. AY. Turner, Post 11, Lexington ; G. B. Huckeby,
Post 10, Kicli Hill ; H. J. Stierlin, Post 2, St. Louis.
1883— H. L. Tillottson, Post 26, Nevada ; Frank M. Posegate,
Post 7, St. Joseph ; S. G. Irwin, Post 16, Carthage ; Thos. B. Rod-
gers, Post 1, St. Louis ; D. P. Dobyns, Post 45, Oregon.
1884 — C. W. Whitehead, Post 8, Kansas City ; John M. Arm-
strong, Post 7, St. Joseph ; Chas. F. Vogel, Post 1, St. Louis ;
Fred. J. Wiseman, Post 20, Louisiana ; Thos. Wolfe, Post 34.
Lamar.
1885— W. F. Cloud, Post 53, Sedalia ; Cyrus M. Eversol, Post
69, Springfield ; H. W. Tu-ner, Post 11, Lexington ; J. A. Wilde,
Post 215, Bonne Terre ; A. Willhartitz, Post 13, St. Louis.
1886 — A. Willhartitz, re-elected ; J. C. Smith, Post 3, Kansas
City ; Joseph Wisby, Post 225, Marshfield ; A. Helphenstein, Post
75, Greenfield ; W. H. Day, Post 239, Mexico.
1887— H. C. Weaver, Post 4, Kansas City ; T. S. Maxwell, Post
1, St. Louis ; D. E. Shea, Post 239, Mexico ; J. R. Milner, Post
69, Springfield ; W. H. Farris, Post 48, Lebanon;
1888 — J. W. Jenkins, Post 8, Kansas City ; A. Helphenstein,
Post 75, Greenfield ; B. F. Heiny, Post 22, Kirksville ; M. Wetz-
ler, Post 72, Trenton ; J. S. Rogers, Post 17, Cameron.
DEPARTMENT OF IOWA.
An organization of veterans Avas effected in Davenport in the
fall of 1865, under the title of the " Old Soldiers' Association of
Scott County, Iowa."
Brevet Brigadier-General Addison H. Sanders, Lieiitenant-
Colouel 16th Iowa Infantry, was President, and Captain N, N.
Tyner, now of Fargo, Dakota, Secretary.
The Association was merged into the Grand Army of the Re-
public as Post No. 1, Davenport, Department of Iowa.
Early in July, 1866, General Sanders visited Dr. Stephenson at
Department of Iowa.
553
Springfield, Illinois, was
then instructed in the work,
provided with copies of the
Ritual and Constitution,
and authorized to organize
Posts.
A charter was issued,
dated July 12, 1866, signed
B. F. Stephenson, Com-
manding Department of
Illinois, and Robert M.
Woods, Adjutant-General,
to General Add. H. San-
ders, Colonel Robert M.
Littler, General J. B.
Leake, Lieutenant O. S. General A. H. Sandeks.
McNeil, Captain N. N. Tyner, Lieutenant-Colonel T. J. Saunders,
A. P. Alexander, Captain A. T. Andreas, Captain John G. Caven-
dish and J. W. Moore.
A meeting was held in Davenport, July 24, 1866, to organize
Post No. 1, and at the same time the Provisional Department was
formed with General Sanders as Commander ; N. N. Tyner, Adju-
tant-General ; Rufus L. Blair, Assistant Adjutant-General, and
A. T. Andreas, Quartermaster-General. A circular was at once
mailed to all parts of the State, stating that such an organization
of old soldiers had been formed, that, " like a prairie-fire, it has
run over certain States in the Northwest, and now this fire is be-
ing kindled in Iowa."
On Septeinber 15, 1866, a sufficient number of Posts having
been organized for the purpose. General Sanders issued General
Orders No. 2, calling a special meeting of the Department, on
September 26, at Davenport, to organize a permanent Depart-
ment.
Delegates were present from Post 1, Davenport ; Post 3, Iowa
City ; Post 5, Clinton ; Post 6, Lyons ; Post 7, Dubuque ; Post 9,
Wilson ; Post 14, Muscatine ; Post 16, Grinnell ; Post 19, Des
Moines ; Post 21, Floyd ; Post 26, Boonsboro'; Post 28, Coman-
che ; Post 43, Sabula ; Post 45, Bellevue.
At the second Encampment, held at Davenport, April 10, 1867,
the Adjutant-General reported ninety-five Posts organized, but at
the next Encampment, January 8, 1868, only eight Posts were rep-
554 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
resented out of 130 then chartered. In 1870, the aggregate
strength of the Department was reported as " not to exceed 500
members."
By General Orders from National Headquarters, dated Febru-
ary 5, 1871, the Posts in Iowa were instructed to report direct ;
and the Department organization was dissolved.
Post No. 1, at Davenport, alone of all the Posts in Iowa, held
its charter, though not meeting regularly, elected its officers each
term and attended to the duties of Memorial Day.
Meetings of the Department were held during this period as
follows :
I. September 26, 1866, Davenport ; II. April 10, 1867, Daven-
port ; III. January 8, 1868, Davenport ; lY. August 4, 1869,
Davenport.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1863, Provisional, Add. H. Sanders ; 1866, September 26, J. B.
Leake, Davenport ; 1867, W. T. Shaw, Anamosa ; 1868, J. A. Wil-
liamson, Des Moines ; 1869, Elliott W. Eice, Oskaloosa.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1866, G. L. Godfrey, Des Moines ; 1867, John Bruce, Keokuk ;
1868, J. C. Stone, Burlington ; 1869, William Yandever.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867, Joseph Lyman, Council Bluffs; 1868, A. C. Blizzard,
Wilson ; 1869, W. II. Ackers, Marengo.
MEDICAL DIRECTOR.
1866, Geo. M. Staples, Dubuque.
CHAPLAIN.
1866, Eev. A. B. Kendig, Marshalltown.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1866, N. N. Tyner, Davenport ; 1867-69, A. H. Brooks, Daven-
port.
Department of Iowa. 555
assistant quartermasters-general.
1866-67, A. T. Andreas, Davenport ; 1868-69, H. F. Leib, Ma-
rengo.
REORGANIZATION.
Early in 1872 an eftbrt was made from National Headquarters
to re-establish the Order in Iowa. J. N. Coldron, Iowa City, was
appointed Provisional Commander ; E. G. Fracker, Assistant Ad-
jutant-General.
Torrence Post No. 2, was organized at Keokuk, April 18, 1872,
with sixteen charter-members. Joseph E. Griffith, of this Post,
was appointed Senior Vice-Department Commander, and repre-
sented the Department in the Sixth National Encampment.
Commander Coldron was, on February 16th, 1874, relieved at his
own request, and General J. C. .Parrott, of Keokuk, one of the
best known veterans in the State, was appointed to the vacancy,
with L. S. Tyler, Post 2, Keokuk, Assistant Adjutant-General, and
W. B. Collins, of the same Post, as Assistant Quartermaster-Gen-
eral, who was later succeeded by L. W. Huston. Other changes
were made in the Provisional Staff : J. C. Stone, Post 5, Burling-
ton, was appointed Senior Vice-Department Commander, and Chas.
Werner, Post 1, Davenport, Junior Vice-Commander. Council of
Administration— A. G. McQueen, Post 2 ; W. H. Rockford, Post
1 ; A. A. Perkins, Post 5 ; Frank Kyte, Post 182 ; J. E. Johnson,
Post 2.
Though only three Posts — 1, 2 and 5 — had reported for the
quarter ending December 31, 1874, the Provisional Department
was called to meet at Keokuk, January 31, 1875. The officers
made formal reports, and the few but earnest members present
determined to maintain the organization.
While they thus kept up all the forms of organization, not
much progress had been made when the next Encampment was
held at Keokuk, January 12, 1876. Commander Parrott tendered
his resignation, stating that a younger man and one with more
leisure than himself should be appointed, and that he had recom-
mended to Commander-in-Chief Hartranft, as his successor, Com-
rade J. C. Stone, of Post 5, Burlington, who was then appointed,
with A. A. Perkins, Post 5, Assistant Adjutant-General, and Ed.
L. Hobart, Assistant Quartermaster-General.
In September, 1876, Commander Stone resigned, and was sue-
556 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
ceeded by Comrade A. A. Perkins, with Comrade L. S. Tyler,
Keokuk, as Heuior Yice-Commauder ; AV. T. A^irgin, Burlington, as
Junior Vice-Commander ; Kobt. Spencer, Assistant Adjutant-Gen-
eral, and Tbos. E. Acres, Assistant Quartermaster-General, the
latter being later relieved by ^\. H. Perkins, Post 5,
In October of this "year, Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief J.
S. Reynolds visited several places in the central part of the State
and reported an encouraging outlook for the formation of Posts.
Provisional Commander Perkins entered earnestly into the
work of organization. He convened the Department at Burling-
ton, January 12, 1877, when the officers .above named were re-
elected or re-appointed, with the addition of Comrades Y^m. Hor-
ner, Thos. J. Hedges and H. G. Rising as a Council oi Adminis-
tration. Comrade W. H. Perkins afterwards resigned as Assistant
Quartermaster-General, and was succeeded by J. L. Kelly, Post 5,
Burlington.
Another meeting of the Provisional Department was held in
Burlington, January 19, 1878. H. E. Griswold, of Post 6, Atlan-
tic, was elected Senior Yice-Commander, and Comrades Wm.
Horner, Thos. J. Hedges, AYm. Hummell, Ed. L. Hobart, of Post
5, and J. M. Haver, Post 6, Council of Administration, Comrade
Perkins still serving as Commander. Comrade Griswold soon
after organized Posts at Marne, Bedford and Clarinda, and when a
sufficient number of Posts had been thus organized, the Encamp-
ment was convened at Des Moines, January 23, 1879, to form a
permanent Department.
A semi-annual Encampment was held at Des Moines, Septem-
ber 2, 1879, when an address was delivered by General John A.
Logan. Comrade J. K. Powers, Assistant Adjutant-General, was
delegated to meet General Grant at San Francisco on his return
from his trip around the world, and tender him a Grand Army
escort through Iowa on his way east.
General Grant reached Council Bluffs November 3d, was met
by Department Commander Griswold and staff, with other mem-
bers of the Grand Army of the Republic, and by Governor Gear
and citizens of the State, and by them was escorted to Bur-
lington.
Eleven Posts were organized during this year, and thereafter
the l)ei)artment gained rapidly in Posts and members, each year
showing a decided increase over the year previous.
Department of Iowa. 557
Annual Meetings of the Department have been held since its
reorganization, as follows :
February 4, 1880 ; January 27, 1881 ; February 23, 1882 ; and
April 4, 1883, at Des Moines; April 23, 1884, Marshalltown; April
22, 1885, Davenport; April 7, 1886, Sioux City; April 20, 1887, Du-
buque ; April 11, 1888, Cedar Rapids.
SEMI-ANNUAL MEETINGS.
September 2, 1879, Des Moines, September 17, 1880, Des
Moines.
Officers of the permanent Department since the reorganiza-
tion :
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1879, H. E. Griswold, Post 6, Atlantic ; 1880, W. F. Conrad,
Post 7, Des Moines ; 1881, Peter V. Carey, Post 21, Des Moines ;
1882, Geo. B. Hogin, Post 16, Newton ; 1883, John B. Cooke, Post
44, Carroll ; 1884, Edward G. Miller, Post 68, Waterloo ; 1885, W.
R. Manning, Post 16, Newton ; 1886, W. A. McHenry, Post 58,
Denison ; 1887, J. M. Tuttle. Post 12, Des Moines ; 1888, E. A.
Consigny, Post 123, Avoca.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1879, C. W. Nelson, Post 7, Des Moines ; 1880, *Geo. B. Hogin ;
1881, Albert Head, Post 23, Jefferson ; 1882, Frank De Ford, Post
14, Stuart ; 1883, C. L. Davidson, Post 76, Hull ; 1884, L. S. Tyler,
Post 2, Keokuk ; 1885, Milo L. Sherman, Post 104, Fredericks-
burg ; 1886, P. H. Hankins, Post 284, Sac City ; 1887, W. D.
Thayer, Post 53, Jessup ; 1888, J. A. Riggen, M. D., Post 144,
What Cheer.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1879, Wm. McPherrin, Post 11, Clarinda ; 1880, tAlbert Head ;
1881, Phil. M. Crapo, Post 5, Burlington ; 1882, Geo. L. Wright,
Post 58, Denison ; 1883, Geo. W. Bywater, Post 21, Des Moines ;
1884, W. H. Sallada, Post 12, Des Moines ; 1885, Chas. L. Long-
ley, Post 110, Tipton ; 1886, ^J. L. Geddes, Post 30, Ames ;. 1887,
* To Department Commander. f To Senior Vice-Comraader. t Deceased.
558 Grand Army of the Republic.
R. A. Wareham, Post 42, Mason City ; 1888, H. M. Anderson,
Post 13, Clarence.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1879, E. R. Hutchins, Post 7, Des Moines ; 1830-81, J. H. Ker-
sey, Post 14, Stuart ; 188'2, Alfred Hammer, Post 21, Des Moiues ;
1883, A. J. Hobart ; 1884, J. O. Skinner, Post 174, Polk City ;
1885, W. S. Robertson, Post 231, Muscatine ; 1886, Geo. P. Hana-
walt. Post 12, Des Moines ; 1887, J. W. Tiffany, Post 244, Center
Point ; 1888, R. M. De Witt, Post 7, Des Moines (see Surgeon-
General, Chapter XXVI).
CHAPLAINS.
1879, W. W. Thorp, Post 7, Des Moines ; 1880-82, D. R. Lucas,
Post 12, Des Moines ; 1883, J. B. Casebeer ; 1884, John Bowman,
Post 222, Cedar Falls ; 1885, S. R. J. Hoyt, Post 267, AVaverly ;
1886, J. H. Lozier, Post 400, Mt. Vernon ; 1887, C. O. Brown, Post
78, Dubuque ; 188^3, John Hood, Post 235, Cedar Rapids.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1879-80, J. K. Powers, Post 7, Des Moines ; 1881, A. W. Guth-
rie, Post 7, Des Moines; 1882, N. Towusend, Post lij, Newton;
1883, W. L. Culbertson, Post 44, Carroll ; 1884, Chester B. Stil-
son. Post 68, Waterloo ; 1885, N. Townsend, Post 16, Newton ;
1886, Geo. L. Wright, Post 58, Denison ; 1887-88, J. W. Muffly,
Post 12, Des Moines.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1879, L. E. Ayers, Post 7, Des Moines ; October 10, 1879, AV.
B. Temple, Post 7, Des Moines ; 1880, L. E. Ayers, Post 7, Des
Moiues ; 1881, Alfred Hammer, Post 21, Des Moines ; 1882, W.
R. Manning, Post 16, Newton ; 1883, Jno. K. Deal, Post 44, Car-
roll ; 1884, Dan. R. Weaver, Post 6'8, Waterloo ; 1885, John L.
Matthews, Post 16, Newtoji ; 1886, :\[olvin Smith, Post 58, Deni-
son ; 18,-i7, R..L. Chase, Post 7; Des Moines; 1888, AV. C. Davis,
Post 123, Avoca.
Department of Iowa. 559
inspectors. ■
1879, M. V. King, Post 10, Bedford ; 1880, P. V. Carey, Post
21, Des Moines ; 1881, S. L. Fuller, Post 21, Des Moines ; 1882,
L. S. Tyler, Post 2, Keokuk ; 1883, A. W. C. Weeks, Post 55, Win-
terset ; 1881, Harvey Smith, Post 68, Waterloo; succeeded, August
4, by Geo. W. Harbin, Post 68, Waterloo ; 1885, Aug. Keimers,
Post 1, Davenport ; 1886, Thos. H. Lee, Post 57, Red Oak ; 1887,
C. H, Brock, Post 94, Marshalltown ; 1888, Thomas Beaumont,
Post 156, Lake City.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1879, W. P. Hepburn, Post 10, Bedford ; 1880, J. G. Newbold,
Post 20, Mt. Pleasant ; 1881, A. H. Botkin, Post 7, Des Moines ;
1882, E. J. Abbott, Post 29, Council Bluffs ; 1883, O. L. French,
Post 59, Missouri Valley ; 1884, P. M. Sutton, Post 94, Marshall-
town ; 1885, Josiah Given, Post 12, Des Moines ; 1886, Albert Head,
Post 23, Jefferson ; 1887, Warren S. Dungan, Post 18, Chariton ;
1888, Geo. M. Van Leuven, Post 217, Lime Springs.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1879, F. Olmstead, Post 7, Des Moines; succeeded, Sejitember 6,
by W. W. Fink, Post 12, Des Moines; 1880, Eobert Alton, Post 7,
Des Moines ; 1881, A. Cully, Post 7, Des Moines ; 1882, Robert
Alton, Post 7, Des Moines; succeeded, July 12, by Horace J. Wolfe,
Post 53, Jessup; 1883, W. T. Wilkinson, Post 7, Des Moines; 1884,
Milo J. Sherman, Post 104, Fredericksburg ; 1885, Henry Wilson,
Post 30, Ames; 1886, C. H. Talmadge, Pest 48, West Union; 1887,
Phil. Schaller, Post 284, Sac City ; 1888, E. M. B. Scott, Post 69,
Ottumwa.
COUNCIL or ADMINISTRATION.
1879— J. C. Bonnell, Post 5, Burlington ; J. M. Haver, Post 6,
Atlantic ; AV. F. Conrad, Post 7, Des Moines ; H. L. Darnell, Post
8, Marne ; W. F. Evans, Post 10, Bedford.
1880— Josiah Given, Post 12, Des Moines; C. W. Nelson, Post
7, Des Moines ; H. E. Griswold, Post 6, Atlantic ; M. T.. Russell,
Post 12, Des Moines ; L. E. Ayers, Post 7, Des Moines.
560 Geand Army of the Bepublic.
1881— H. E. Griswolcl, re-elected ; W. F. Conrad, Post 7, Des
Moiues ; Geo. 13. Hogiu, Post 16, Newton ; ^Y. Merrill, Post 12,
Des Moines ; M. S. Crawford, Post 19, Fairfield.
1882— AV. F. Conrad, re-elected ; P. Y. Carey, Post 21, Des
Moiues ; M. T. Y. Bowman, Post 12, Des Moines ; J. J. Bolin,
Post 29, Council Bluffs ; Aaron Brown, Post 46, Fayette.
1883— P. Y. Carey, re-elected ; S. E. Wliiclier, Post 38, Man-
ning ; Henry Wilson, Jr., Post 30, Ames ; C. A. Robertson, Post
87, Mapletou ; W. H. Mix, Post 73, Eldon.
1884— P. Y. Carey, re-elected ; Joliu B. Cooke, Post 44, Car-
roll ; W. R. Manning, Post 16, Newton ; AV. T. Rigby, Post 109,
Stanwood ; Geo. L. Wright, Post 58, Denison.
1885— P. Y. Carey, W. T. Rigby, Geo. L. Wright, re-elected ;
J. L. Geddes, Post 98, Yintou ; Thos. Beaumont, Post 156, Lake
City.
1886— W. O. Mitchell, Post 324, Corning ; W. T. Wilkinson,
Post 7, Des Moines ; Geo. A. Day, Post 190, Manchester ; J. K.
Deal, Post 44, Carroll ; S. E. Robinson, Post 48, West Union.
1887— D. G. Eldredge, Post 339, Sanborn ; A. R. Fuller, Post
61, Creston ; G. A. Newman, Post 222, Cedar Falls ; J. W. Hatton,
Post 44, Carroll ; E. A. Consigny, Post 123, Avoca.
1888— Mason P. Mills, Post 235, Cedar Rapids ; J. S. Lothrop,
Post 22, Sioux City ; L. B. Raymond, Post 81, Hamjjtou ; J. J.
Steadman, Post 29, Council Bluffs; William Dean, Post 110,
Tipton.
State Legislation,
soldiers' home.
The Iowa Soldiers' Home is located on a tract of 128 acres at
Marshalltown, donated by its citizens with $12,000 in cash, and
free water for five years voted by the city.
By Act of March 31, 1886, $75,000 was appropriated for build-
ings and furnishing, and $25,000 for the first year's expenses.
Tlie main building is of stone and brick, 210 feet by 120 feet, four
stories in lioight, and is heated by steam and lighted by gas. It
was dedicated December 1, 1887, and has accommodations for 400
inmates.
Department of Iowa. 561
Disabled and dependent ex-soldiers and sailors of Iowa, and
those of other States who have resided in the State three years
next preceding their application, are eligible for admission.
The Commissioners of the Home are J. M. Tuttle, Chairman ;
J. J. Kussell, Secretary ; C. W. Burdick, Treasurer ; S. L. Dows,
N. A. Merrill and G. A. Madison. Colonel Milo Smith is Com-
mandant of the Home and Captain A. D. Gaston, Adjutant.
soldiers' orphans' home.
The State has maintained from one to three Homes for soldiers'
orphans at a total expense of $1,127,602, and 2,000 children have
been thus cared for.
The first was opened in 1863, at Davenport, by private contri-
butions. It was transferred to the State June 30, 1866. On Sep-
tember 20, 1865, the second Home was opened at Cedar Falls. It
closed June 7, 1876, and its inmates were transferred to the
Home at Davenport. The third Home was opened in November,
1866, at Glenwood. It closed January 29, 1875, when its inmates
were transferred to the Davenport Home, which now has 315 chil-
dren in charge.
RELIEF.
By an Act approved March 31, 1888, it is provided :
That the board of supervisors of the several counties of this State are hereby au-
thoi-ized to levy, in addition to the taxes now levied by law, a tax not exceeding
three-te iths of one mill, * * * for the purpose of creating a fund for the relief
and for funeral expenses of honorably discharged indigent Union soldiers, sailors
and marines, and the indigent wives, widows and minor children not over fourteen
years of age in the case of boys, and not over sixteen years of age in the case of girls,
of such indigent or deceased Union soldi-^-rs, sailors or marines, having a legal resi-
dence in said county, to be disbursed as hereinafter provided.
The Act provides for the appointment of three persons as a
Soldiers' Belief Commission, at least two of whom shall be hon-
orably discharged Union soldiers, "to examine and determine who
are entitled to relief," determine the probable amount necessary
for the purpose, and the Board of Supervisors shall make the
necessary levies to raise the required relief fund.
BURIAL.
The County Supervisors are required to pay the funeral ex-
penses of any deceased soldier or sailor dying in indigent circum-
stances, the cost for interment not to exceed $35.
86
562 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
memorial day.
Memorial Day is a legal holiday in Iowa.
GRAND ARMY BADGE.
By Act approved April 9, 1888, it is a misdemeanor to wear
the badge or button of the Grand Army of the Kepublic, or the
rosette of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, unless dnly en-
titled to do so, under penalty of not exceeding thirty days impris-
onment or fine not to exceed $20.
DEPARTMENT OF MINNESOTA.
On August 1, 1866, by invitation of Governor W. R. Marshall,
formerly Colonel 7th Minnesota Volunteer Infantry, a number of
Union Veterans met in the Governor's room at the Capitol, for
the purpose of consulting with Colonel John M. Snyder, Quarter-
master-General Grand Army of the Republic, about effecting an
organization of the Grand Army of the Republic in Minnesota.
Governor Marshall presided at the meeting, and after an explana-
tion of the purposes of the Order, the following named signed the
Constitution, and were then duly initiated by Colonel Snyder :
General John B. Sanborn, General W. R. Marshall, General H.
P. Van Cleve, Colonel H. C. Rogers, Colonel John P. Owens,
Lieutenant A. P. Connelly, Captain E. Y. Shelley, Dr. Brewer
Mattocks, Captain Emil Munch, Major H. Von Minden, Captain
Miles Hollister, Colonel Ross Wilkinson, Colonel John Moulton,
Edward Richards, M. R. Merrill and Dr. J. H. Stewart.
The following were selected as officers of the Provisional De^
partment : Commander, John B. Sanborn ; Adjutant-General, E.
Y. Shelley ; Assistant Adjutant-General, A. P. Connelly; Quarter-
master-General, Miles Hollister.
A convention was held at St. Paul, October 16, 1866, to organ-
ize the permanent Department, when seven Posts were repre-
sented ; these were located at St. Paul, Red Wing, Minneapolis,
St. Anthony, Farmington, Lake City, and one in Brown county.
General Sanborn was elected Grand Commander, but soon
Department of Minnesota. 563
after left the State and remained absent for several years. No
one took up his work, and the Department organization was
for a time practically abandoned, though several Posts kept up
their meetings.
On August 14, 1867, under a call issued by Comrade Frank
Daggett, Commander of the Post at Wabasha, approved by Com-
mander-in-Chief Hurlbut, the representatives of Posts in Minne-
apolis, St. Anthony, Winona, Eichfield, St. Cloud, St. Paul and
Wabasha met in Minneapolis and elected a full corps of officers.
At the next meeting of the Encampment, January 3, 1868, thirty-
six rej^resentatives were present from five Posts, and, though
small in number, they determined to begin the work of having
the soldiers' and sailors' orphans properly cared for by securing
the establishment by the State of a Soldiers' Orphans' Home.
General J. W. Sprague, of Winona, Major H. G. Hicks, Minne-
apolis, and Captain E. H. Kennedy, Owatonna, were appointed a
committee to bring the subject before the Legislature. Their ef-
forts were entirely successful, and the soldiers' orphans were
gathered as wards of the State in a Home established at Winona,
Avliich was maintained up to 1881 at a total cost of $110,102.23.
Notwithstanding the earnest labors of the Department officers,
the increase of membership was very small during the next four
years.
In 1876, and again in 1877, the grasshopper-plague devastated
the State, and so impoverished the many veterans who had settled
on farms that they were compelled to relinquish membership in
the Order. After this, the Department organization was but
nominal up to 1879, when it was given up, as only one Post, that
at Stillwater, then kept up its meetings.
From li66 to 1879 meetings were held as follows :
ANNUAL encampments.
October 16, 1866, St. Paul ; August 14, 1867, Minneapolis ;
January 3, 1868, Minneapolis ; January 26, 1869, Winona ; Janu-
ary 6, 1870, Minneapolis ; January 24, 1871, Rochester ; January
16, 1872, St. Paul ; December 26, 1872, St. Paul ; January 21,
1874, Minneapolis ; January 27, 1875, St. Paul ; January 26, 1876,
Minneapolis ; January 25, 1877, Stillwater ; January 30th, 1878,
Stillwater ; January 21, 1879, Shakopee.
564 Grand Army of the Republic.
semi-annual meetings.
July 4, 1868, Owatonna ; August 19, 1869, Faribault ; July 20,
1870, St. Paul ; July 11, 1871, Minneapolis.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1866, Provisioned, John B. Sanborn, St. Paul ; August 14, 1867,
Frank Daggett, Post 1, Wabasha ; 1868, H. G. Hicks, Post 3, Min-
neapolis ; 1869, J. W. Sprague, Post 4, Winona ; 1870-71, J. C.
Hamilton, Post 13, llochester ; 1872-74, Henry A. Castle, Post 21,
St. Paul ; 1875, D. W. Albaugh, Post 3, Minneapolis ; 1876, Geo.
H. Johnson, Post 30, Detroit ; 1877, D. B. Loomis, Post 14, Still-
water ; 1878, Wm. Wilson, Post 31, Shakopee ; 1879, L. G. Ben-
nett, Post 14, Stillwater.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1866-68, W. T. Collins, St. Cloud ; 1869, *J. C. Hamilton ;
1870, O. B. Gould, Post 4, Winona ; 1871, H. *A. Castle ; 1872, I.
M. Carpenter, Post 22, Sauk Center ; 1873-74, *D. W. Albaugh ;
1875, *Geo. H. Johnson ; 1876, Jacob Meese, Post 21, St. Paul ;
1877, John McCullum, Post 41, Cottage Grove ; 1878, C. H. Cobb,
Post 14, Stillwater ; 1879, C. S. Stoddard, Post 31, Shakopee.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1867, Wm. Lochreu, St. Anthony ; 1868, A. B. Webber, Post 5,
Owatonna ; 1870, H. J. Gillem, Post 12, Austin ; 1871, fl. M. Car-
penter ; 1872, tD. W. Albaugh ;1873, E. M. Bloomer, Post 26, Du-
luth ; 1874, fGeo. H. Johnson ; 1875, fJacob Meese ; 1876, F.
Siebold, Post 14, Stillwater ; 1877, J. C. C. George, Post 38, Wi-
nona ; 1878, A. J. Schofield, Post 41, Cottage Grove ; 1879, H. D.
Carter, Post 31, Shakopee.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1867, A. A. Ames, Minneapolis ; 1868, J. B. McGaughey, Post
4, Winona ; 1870, J.evi Butler, Post 3, Minneapolis ; 1871, J. R.
Dart, Post 23, Mantorville ; 1872, J. H. Murphy, Post 21, St. Paul ;
* To Department Commander. f To Senior Vice-Commander.
Department of Minnesota. 565
1873, W. F. Hutchinson, Post 3, Minneapolis ; 1874-75, R. D.
Barber, Post 34, Wortliington ; 1876, A. A. Ames, Post 3, Minne-
apolis ; 1877-78, C. S. Stoddard, Post 31, Shakopee ; 1879, J. C.
Rhodes, Post 14, Stillwater.
CHAPLAINS.
1867, J. C. Whitney, Post 3, Minneapolis ; 1868, R. H. Con-
well, Post 3, Minneapolis ; 1870, W. S. Wilson, Post 5, Owatonna ;
1871, C. H. Oakes, Post 4, Winona ; 1872, C. C. Salter, Post 26,
Dulnth ; 1873-78, John E. Wood, Post 30, Detroit City ; 1879, J.
C. Rhodes, Post 14, Stillwater.
assistant adjutants-general.
1866, John Moulton, St. Paul ; 1867-68, O. L. Dudley, Post 3,
Minneapolis ; 1869, W. T. Collins ; 1870, H. G. Hicks ; resigned ;
succeeded by D. H. Williams, Post 13, Rochester ; 1872-74, True
S. White, Post 21, St. Paul ; 1875, H. G. Hicks, Post 3, Minne-
apolis ; 1876, F. M. Finch, Post 21, St. Paul ; 1877, J. J. McCar-
dy, Post 21, St. Paul ; 1878, F. M. Finch, Post 21, St. Paul.
assistant quartermasters-general.
1866, Miles Hollister, St. Paul ; 1867, G. W. Thurman, Post 3,
Minneapolis ; 1868, J. C. Hamilton, Post 5, Owatonna ; 1869, W.
F. Morse, Post 6, St. Cloud ; 1870, R. C. Olin, Post 5, Owatonna;
1871, Geo. F. Allen, Post 13, Rochester ; 1872-73, Benj. Brack,
Post 21, St. Paul ; 1874, H. G. Hicks, Post 3, Minneapolis ; 1875,
L. P. Plummer, Post 3, Minneapolis ; 1876-77, John C. Hamilton,
Post 21, St. Paul ; 1878, Henry A. Castle, Post 21, St. Paul.
INSPECTORS.
1870, H. C. Whitney, Post 11, Faribault ; 1871, H. G. Hicks,
Post 3, Minneapolis ; 1872, J. C. Palmer, Post 4, Winona ; 1873,
William Wilson, Post 31, Shakopee ; 1874, J. J. McCardy, Post
21, St. Paul ; 1877, C. A. Bennett, Post 14, Stillwater ; 1878, D.
W. Albaugh, Post 3, Minneapolis.
500 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1870, H. A. Kimball ; 1871, O. B. Gould, Post 4, Winona ; 1872,
A. N. Seip, Post 20, Dulutli ; 1873-71, Albert N. Seip, Post 20,
Dulutli ; 1875, O. B. Gould, Post 1, Winona ; 1877-78, H. G. Hicks,
Post 3, Minneapolis.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1800 — S. Lee Davis, Edward Anderson (see Chaplain-in-Chief,
Chapter XXVI), E. M. Wilson, J. H. Donaldson, Geo. A. Clark.
1807— C. C. Andrews, St. Cloud ; Geo. Smith, Osseo ; J. P.
Owen, St. Paul ; D. W. Albaugh, Richfield ; G. A. McDougall,
Wabasha.
1808 — G. A. McDougall, re-elected ; Frank Daggett, Wabasha ;
G. W. Shuman, Minneapolis ; F. J. Mead, Shakopee ; Wm. Loch-
ren, St. Anthony.
1870— H. A. Castle, Post 21, St. Paul ; O. B. Gould, Post 13,
Winona ; W. H. Houlton, Post 15, Elk River ; J. B. McGaughey,
Post 4, Winona ; A. B. Webber, Post 5, Owatonna.
1871— W. H. Houlton, J. B. McGaughey, re-elected ; M. D.
Flower, Post 21, St. Paul ; E. M. Marshall, Post 3, Minneapolis ;
A. J. Edgerton, Post 23, Mantorville.
1872 — James George, Post 13, Rochester ; L. L. Baxter, Post
25, Carver ; H. J. Gillhara, Post 12, Austin ; H. G. Hicks, Post 3,
Minneapolis ; J. O. Milne, Post 22, Sauk Centre.
1873— J. C. Palmer, Post 4, Winona ; Stephen Miller, Post 34,
Worthington ; Geo. H. Johnson, Post 30, Detroit City ; A. Barto,
Post 22, Sauk Centre ; H. Clay Whitney, Post 11, Faribault.
1874—0. B. Gould, Post 4, Winona ; James George, Post 13,
Rochester ; William Wilson, Post 31, Shakopee ; T. H. Pressnell,
Post 20, Dulutli ; James Murison, Post 3, Minneapolis.
1875— T. C. Bell, Post 34, Worthington ; L. P. Plummer, Post
3, Minneapolis ; True S. White, Post 21, St. Paul ; D. W. Coult-
hard. Post 31, Shakopee ; W. H. Houlton, Post 15, Elk River.
1870— W. C. Wilson, Post 21, St. Paul ; A. A. Clausen, Post 3,
Minneapolis ; William Wilson, Post 31, Shakopee ; M. Grinager,
Post 34, Worthington ; D. B. Loomis, Post 14, Stillwater.
Depabtment of Minnesota. 567
1877— W. C. Wilson, re-elected ; H. G. Hicks, Post 3, Minne-
apolis ; F. Siebold, Post 14, Stillwater ; Chauncey Chase, Post 31,
Shakopee ; A. J. Scliofield, Post 41, Cottage Grove.
1878 — Cliauncey Chase, F. Siebold, W. C. Wilson, re-elected ;
Wm, Fowler, Newport ; C. S. Stoddard, Post 31, Shakopee.
1879— F. Siebold, C. S. Stoddard, re-elected ; F. E. Joy, Post
14, Stillwater ; Charles Bornarth, Post 31, Shakopee ; D. B.
Loomis, Post 14, Stillwater.
REORGANIZATION.
Upon request of Post No. 14, of Stillwater, one of its active
members, Adam Marty, was, in May, 1880, appointed Provisional
Commander ; F. Siebold, Senior Vice ; F. E. Joy, Junior Vice ;
Samuel Bloomer, Assistant Adjutant-General, and Myron Shep-
ard. Assistant Quartermaster-General.
This Post took a new charter as Post No. 1, and Commander
Marty organized the following Posts : No. 2, Anoka, October 28,
1880 ; Nc . 3, Spring Valley, December 4, 1880 ; No. 4, Minneap-
olis, January 18, 1881 ; No. 5, Albert Lea, January 28, 1881 ; No.
6, Taylor's Falls, June 11, 1881 ; No. 7, Marshall, July 22, 1881.
Acker Post No. 21, St. Paul, was at that time in operation, but
had not reported to the Department Commander.
On August 17, 1881, representatives of these Posts assembled
at Stillwater, and organized the permanent Department. Com-
rade Adam Marty was elected Department Commander. In 1882,
ten Posts were added ; in 1883, forty-two Posts and 1,907 mem-
bers ; in 1884, fifty-nine Posts and 3,478 members.
Since the reorganization, in 1880, meetings have been held and
officers have served as follows :
ANNUAL ENCAMPMENTS.
August 17, 1881, Stillwater ; January 18, 1882, Minneapolis ;
January 17, 1883, St. Paul ; January 17, 1884, Stillwater ; Febru-
ary 5, 1885, Minneapolis ; February 10, 1886, Faribault ; Febru-
ary 9, 1887, St. Paul ; February 24, 1888, Minneapolis.
SEMI-ANNUAL MEETINGS.
August 9, 1882, and August 9, 1883, Lake Minnetonka ; June
10, 1885, St. Peter ; July 19, 1886, Minneapolis.
568 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
department commanders.
1881-82, Adam Marty, Post 1, Stillwater ; 1883, John P. Rea,
Post 4, Minneapolis (see Corainander-in-Cliief, Chapter XXVI) ;
1884, E. C. Babl), Post 4, Minneapolis ; 1885, E. A. Becker, Post
8, St. Paul ; 188G, William Thomas, Post 19, Mankato ; 1887, L.
L. Wheelock, Post 81, Owatonna ; 1888, James H. Ege, Post 4,
Minneapolis.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1881-82, *John P. Rea ; 1883-84, *R. A. Becker ; 1885, *Wra.
Thomas ; 1886, *L. L. Wheelock ; 1887, E. R. Jefferson, Post 13,
Duluth ; 1888, Edwin Dunn, Post 44, Rochester.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1881-S2, Chas. C. Whitney, Post 7, Marshall ; 1883, A. R. Bur-
leson, Post 3, Spring Valley ; 1884, R. R. Miller, Post 34, Worth-
ington ; 1885, Geo. S. Canfield, Post 30, Brainerd ; 1886, V. H.
Harris, Post 35, Litchfield ; 1887, *Jas. H. Ege ; 1888, James
Compton, Post 33, Fergus Falls.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1881-84, J. C. Rhodes, Post 1, Stillwater ; 1885-86, H. W. Bra-
zie. Post 4, Minneapolis ; 1887, D. P. Kenned}', Post 35, Litch-
field ; 1888, Henry Wilson, Post 139, Woodstock.
CHAPLAINS.
1881-82, W. H. Harrington, Post 1, Stillwater ; 1883, J. W.
Liscombe, Post 19, Mankato ; 1884, R. V. Adams, Post 33, Fergus
Falls ; 1885, J. N. Brown, Post 81, Owatonna ; 1886-88, W. E.
Stanley, Post 66, Austin.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1881-83, Samuel Bloomer, Post 1, Stillwater ; 1884-85, H. A.
Norton, Post 4, Minneapolis ; 1886, Daniel Fish, Post 126, Min-
* To Department Commander.
Department of Minnesota. 509
neapolis (see Adjutant-General, Chapter XXYI) ; 1887, W. W.
Braden, Post 21, St. Paul ; 1888, Geo. W. Grant, Post 4, Minne-
apolis.
assistant quartermasters-general.
1881-82, Fred. Siebold, Post 1, Stillwater ; 1883, N. C. Simmil-
kier. Post 2, Anoka ; 1884, Lewis Maisli, Post 4, Minneapolis ;
1885, K. V. Pratt, Post 21, St. Paul ; 1886, Geo. W. Mead, Post 19,
Mankato ; 1887-88, E. N. Leavens, Post 123, Faribault.
inspectors.
1881, W. H. H. Taylor, Post 1, Stillwater ; 1882, H. G. Ghostly,
Post 2, Anoka ; 1883, T. G. Pressnell, Post lb, Duluth ; 1884, J.
L. Brigham, Post 8, St. Paul ; 1885, Fred. Siebold, Post 8, St.
Paul; 1886, C. C. Andrews, Post 21, St. Paiil ; 1887, J. A.
Leonard, Post 44, Rochester ; 1888, Geo. B. Arnold, Poet 32,
Kasson.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1881-82, W. P. Roberts, Post 4, Minneapolis ; 1883, Edward
Simonton, Post 21, St. Paul ; 1884-85, A. R. Burleson, Post 3,
Spring Valley ; 1886, L. M. Lange, Post 34, Worthington ; 1887,
C. J. Bartleson, Post 4, Minneapolis.
chief mustering OFFICERS.
1881, E. D. Taylor, Post 1, Stillwater ; 1883, W. H. Harring-
ton, Post 1, Stillwater ; 1884-85, A. F. Foster, Post 4, Minneapo-
lis ; 1886, Mark D. Flower, Post 21, St. Paul; 1887, S. W.
Hays, Post 85, Redwood Falls ; 1888, W. O. Kittleson, Post 72,
Minneapolis.
COUNCIL OF administration.
1881— J. N. Pride, Post 2, Anoka ; D. M. Gilmore, Post 4, Min-
neapolis ; R. A. Burleson, Post 3, Spring Valley ; J. P. Green,
Post 5, Albert Lea ; L V^n Vleck, Post 7, Marshall.
1882— D. M. Gilmore, J. N. Pride, R. A. Burleson, re-elected ;
J. W. Liscombe, Post 7, Marshall ; R. A. Becker, Post 8, St.
Paul.
570 Gkand Akmy of the Republic.
1883— W. T. Burr, Post 21, St. Paul ; C. N. Nichols, Post 13,
Dulutli ; R. C. Livingston, Post 3, Spring Valley; Geo. S. Brown,
Post 1, Stillwater ; J. H. Ege, Post 4, Minneapolis.
1884^C. N. Nichols, K C. Livingston, re-elected ; Thos. Mont-
gomery, Post 37, St. Peter ; J. A. Eeed, Post 1, Stillwater ; E. M.
Pope, Post 19, Mankato.
1885-86 — Thos. Montgomery, E. C. Livingston, r«-elected ;
L. G. Nelson, Post 32, Kasson ; A. H. Reed, Post 28, Glencoe ;
Perry Starkweather, Post 68, St. Paul.
1887-88— Thos. Montgomery, L. G. Nelson, P. Starkweather,
R. C. Livingston, re-elected ; J. M. D. Craft, Post 47, Farra-
ington.
MINNESOTA SOLDIERS' HOME.
The above Home was instituted under an Act of the Legisla-
ture approved March 2, 1887.
Honorably discharged soldiers, sailors and marines who served
during the rebellion, or in the Mexican war, or in the camjiaign
against the Indians in Minnesota in 1862, are eligible to admis-
sion. A residence of one year is required of apjDlicants who en-
listed in other States.
The Board of Trustees appointed under the Act were : Henry
A. Castle, President, St. Paul ; R. R. Henderson, Vice-President,
Minneapolis ; L. A. Hancock, Red Wing ; Wm. P. Dunnington,
Redwood Falls ; T. F. Cowing, Fergus Falls ; A. A. Brown, Alex-
andria ; A. E. Christie, Austin ; O. M. Sawyer, Secretary, Minne-
apolis.
The land for the Home was donated by the City of Minneapo-
lis. It consists of a tract of fifty acres, situated at Minnehaha
Falls, and is valued at $50,000.
The cottage system has been adopted, and the first buildings
will be ready for occupancy in the Avinter of 1888.
The State appropriated $50,000 for building purposes, and
820,000 for maintenance for the year 1888. The sum of $1(),()()()
was a])propriated for temporary aid, until the buildings were
re;uly for occupancy.
OTHER RELIEF.
In addition to the appropriation for the erection and mainte-
nance of the Home the Legislature directed the levying of a State
Department of Kansas. 571
tax of one-tentli of one mill to constitute a Soldiers' Relief Fund,
to be disbursed by tbe Trustees of the Soldiers' Home for tlie
relief, at tlieir own homes, of those who may be eligible to admis-
sion to the State Home, but whom it is deemed best not to sepa-
rate from their families, and the widows, minor orphans and de-
pendent parents of deceased soldiers, sailors and marines.
This tax will provide about $45,000 annually. For immediate
relief before the tax could be levied, the Legislature appropriated
the sum of $20,000.
BURIAL OF DECEASED VETERANS.
By Act approved March 2, 1887, provision was made for the
decent interment of all honorably discharged soldiers and sailors
who served during the rebellion, or in the Mexican war, and of
Minnesota soldiers who served against the Indians in 1862, who
may die without leaving means for funeral expenses. The cost
was limited to $35 for funeral expenses and $15 for a headstone.
DEPARTMENT OF KANSAS.
Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel Henry S. Greeno, 4th Arkansas Cav-
alry, located in Topeka, Kansas, September, 18 j5.
In December, 1865, he organized a secret society of Soldiers
and Sailors, under the title of the "Veteran Brotherhood." A
constitution and ritual was adopted. Colonel Greeno was elected
Commander of the first Camp at Topeka ; Captain Louis Has-
brouck. Senior Vice-Commander ; Captain Elridge Grier, Adju-
tant, and Captain John Searl, Quartermaster. Governor Craw-
ford, and some thirty others, were soon after initiated into this
Camp. Colonel Greeno and Captain Chester Thomas made a
trip through the State to organize other Camps. The second was
at Leavenworth, Colonel D. R. Anthony, Commander, and General
— now Governor — John A. Martin was elected Commander of a
Camp at Atchison.
A State convention was held in Topeka, June, 1866, when
Colonel J. C. Hayes, of Olanthe, was elected State Commander.
572
Grand Army of the Kepublic.
Majou T. J. Anderson.
The Yeteran Brotherhood
was represented in the Grand
Army Convention at Indian-
apolis, November, 1866, by
Major Thos. J. Anderson, of
Topeka. Upon his motion, a
resolution was adojDted to re-
ceive all Camj)s of the Yeteran
Brotherhood into the Grand
Army of the Republic without
adtlitional expense to them.
Upon his return to Kansas,
the State Camp was called to
meet in Topeka, December 7,
1866, when the following was
unanimously adopted :
Resolved, That the Veteran Brotherhood, State of Kansas, be, and is hereby
transferred to the Grand Army of the Kepublic, and that we hereby. adopt the
Ritual, and agree to be governed by the Rules and Regulations of the Grand Army
of the Republic.
Other resolutions provided for the transfer of the books, pa-
pers and funds. The representatives were then initiated into the
Grand Army of the Republic by Major Anderson. "
Department Officers were elected as follows : Grand Com-
mander, John A. Martin, Atchison ; Adjutant-General, Thos. J.
Anderson, Topeka ; Assistant Adjutant-General, John I. Boyd,
Topeka ; Quartermaster-General, L. T. Green, Baldwin City ;
Council of Administration — H. S. Greeno, J. P. Root, G. W.
Weed, F. M. Stahl, J. A. Lee.
A resolution was adopted requesting the Legislature to pro-
vide for the erection of a monument to the memory of Kansas
soldiers who had fallen in defense of their country during the re-
bellion.
At the time of the transfer of the Yeteran Brotherhood there
were thirty-two Camps in existence with about seventeen hun-
dred and fifty meml^ers. The first report of the Department of
Kansas, Grand Army of the Republic, to National Headquarters,
stated that fifty Posts had been organized uj) to tltat date.
A meeting of the Dei)artment was held in Topeka, January i^
Department of Kansas.
573
Major J. C. WAiiKiNSHAW
1868, but no report of its action
was made to National Head-
quarters, and the Department
was soon disbanded.
A Provisional organization
was establisbed in February,
1872, with W. S. Jenkins as
Provisional Commander, but it
appears that only one Post,
that at Independence, with six-
teen members, was then in ex-
istence. Later, however. Com-
mander Jenkins succeeded in
re-establishing several Posts,
and in 1875 reported one hun-
dred and forty-five members.
In 1876, Colonel John Guthrie was appointed Provisonal
Commander, with J. C. Walkinshaw, of Leavenworth, as Assistant
Adjutant-General. Later Colonel Guthrie resigned and J. H. Gil-
patrick was appointed. He was succeeded in 1879 by Major J.
C. Walkinshaw, who is entitled to the credit of restoring Kansas
to its position as a permanent Department.
In addition to his labors in Kansas, he supervised the forma-
tion of Frank P. Blair Post at St. Louis, and also aided in the
organization of a Post at Las Vegas, New Mexico.
Kansas was recognized as a permanent Department March 16,
1880, the officers having been formally elected in February.
J. C. Walkinshaw, Department Commander ; J. B. Logan,
Senior Vice-Commander ; S. N. Hopper, Junior Vice-Com-
mander, and A. St. Clair, Assistant Adjutant-General. These
officers served until 1882, with the exception of the Assistant Ad-
jutant-General, who had removed from the State and was suc-
ceeded by Joseph McDonnell.
In 1878, an interesting soldiers' reunion was held in Leaven-
worth, largely attended by veterans from Kansas, Missouri, Ne-
braska, Iowa and Colorado, and a more general interest was
thereafter shown in the organization in that State. Senior Vice-
Commander-in-Chief Paul Van Der Voort was the principal
speaker. One of the topics discussed was the need of a Soldiers'
Home, and a committee was appointed to secure the co-operation
of the adjoining States, which action later resulted, as elsewhere
574 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
reported, in the establishment of a National Branch of the Sol-
diers' Homes at LeaveuAvorth.
In 1881, the meml)ersliip in Kansas was 1,041 ; in 1882, 6,632,
and in 1883, 16,551. The only Post organized in the Indian Ter-
ritory, Cabin Creek Post No. 1, at Yinita, was attached to the
Department of Kansas in 1883.
Meetings have been held and officers elected or appointed in
the Department since the reorganization, as follows :
ANNUAL MEETINGS.
I. Jannary 18, 1882, Topeka ; II. January 25, 1883, Wyandotte ;
III. February 6, 1884, Topeka ; IV. March 10, 1885, Fort Scott ;
V. February 23, 1886, Wichita ; VI. March 8, 1587, Abilene ;
VII. February 21, 1888, Winfield.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1881-82, J. C. Walkinshaw, Post 16, Leavenworth ; 1883, Thos.
J. Anderson, Post 1, Topeka ; 1884, Homer W. Pond, Post 32,
Fort Scott ; 1885, Milton Stewart, Post 25, Wichita ; 1886, C. J.
McDivitt, Post 63, Abilene ; 1887, T. H. Soward, Post 85, Win-
field ; 1888, J. W. Feighan, Post 55, Emporia.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1881, J. B. Logan, Post 9, Marysville ; 1882-83, H. L. Millard,
Post 14, Sterling ; 1884, *C. J. McDivitt ; 1885, T. McCarthy,
Post 8, Larned ; 1886, *T. H. Soward ; 1887, *J. W. Feighan ;
1888, Henry Booth, Post 8, Larned.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1881, J. H. Hopper ; 1882-83, *Homer W. Pond ; 1884, fT.
McCarthy ; 1885, S. H. Maunder, Post 5, Washington ; 1886, J.
D. Barker, Post 49, Girard ; 1887, L. C. Smith, Post 76, Stock-
ton ; 1888, W. H. Young, Post 28, Kansas City, Kansas.
* To Department Commander. f To Senior Vice-Commander.
Department of Kansas. 575
V
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1881, J. Q. Marshall ; 1882-83, J. S. Chase, Post 20, Lyons ;
1884, J. W. Crowley, Post 127, Salina ; 1885, J. L. Carnalian,
Post 3, Pleasanton ; 1886, J. M. Lewis, Post 299, Kinsley ; 1887,
Henry C. Gill Post 66, El Dorado ; 1888, W. H. Lemon, Post 168,
Winchester.
CHAPLAINS.
1881-82, O. E. McNary, Post 6, Leavenworth; 1883, M. D.
Tenney, Post 132, Junction City; 1884-86, Allen Beckner, Post 40,
Baldwin City ; 1887, Bernard Kelley, Post 85, Winfield ; 1888,
John Wilson, Post 198, Oberlin.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1881, A. St. Clair, Post 6, Leavenworth ; resigned June 11 ;
succeeded by Jos. McDonnell ; 1882, AVm. Leeper, Post 6, Leav-
enworth ; 1883, H. X. Devendorf, Post 1, Topeka ; 1884, W. B.
Shockley, Post 32, Fort Scott ; 1885, L. N. Woodcock, Post 25,
Wichita ; 1886, W. T. Davidson, Post 63, Abilene ; 1887, A. H.
Limerick, Post 85, Winfield ; 1888, O. H. Coulter, Post 7, Coun-
cil Grove.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1881-82, p. Y. Tonkinson, Post 4, Independence ; 1883, Geo.
L. Murdock, Post 71, Topeka ; 1884, C. H. Haynes, Post 32, Fort
Scott ; . 1885, Murray Myers, Post 25, Wichita; resigned August
16; John A. Doran, Post 25, Wichita; 1886, H. D. Baker, Post
127, Salina ; 1887, A. B. Arment, Post 85, Winfield ; 1888, Chas.
Harris, Post 55, Emporia.
INSPECTORS.
1881-82, H. X. Devendorff, Post 1, Topeka ; 1883, Lafayette C.
Smith, Post 76, Stockton ; 1884, Geo. S. Hampton, Post 59, Co-
lumbus ; 1885, H. M. Miller, Post 51, Tola ; 1886, Jesse Ask, Post,
25, Wichita ; 1887, M. P. Isenburg, Post 76, Stockton ; 1888, Al-
bert Magoffin, Post 20, Lyons.
576 Grand Army of the Republic.
judge-advocates.
1881-82, L. H. Lange, Post 27, Caldwell; 1883-84, S. B.
Bradford, Post 94, Carboudale ; 1885, W. A. McDonald, Post 57,
Wellington ; 1886, L. J. Webb, Post 1, Topeka ; 1887, W. W.
Martin, Post 32, Fort Scott ; 1888, A. B. Campbell, Post 1, To-
peka.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1881-82, J. S. Clark, Post 28, Wyandotte ; 1883, T. H. Soward,
Post 85, AVintiold ; 1884, S. R. Biircli, Post 68, Olatlie ; 188o, H.
B. Huglibanks, Post 11, Osage City ; 1886, W. A. Gerhardt, Post
22, Ellsworth ; 1887, Henry Booth, Post 8, Larned ; 1888, Geo.
K. Speucer, Post 433, Gove City.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1882— S. E. Sheldon, Post 1, Topeka ; T. L. Marshall, Post 11,
Osage City ; J. P. Crane, Post 12, Lawrence ; C. C. Whitson, Post
15, Cottonwood Falls ; N. W. Barnet, Post 3, Pleasanton.
1883— W. R. Jenkins, Post 88, Clay Centre ; O. R. McNary,
Post 6, Leavenworth ; C. H. Haynes, Post 32, Fort Scott ; J. E.
Davis, Post 14, Sterling ; S. D. Underwood, Post 132, Junction
City.
1884^T. J. Anderson, Post 1, Topeka ; M. Stewart, Post 25,
Wichita ; W. A. Gebhardt, Post 22, Ellsworth ; T. S. Stover, Post
51, Tola ; De Witt C. Goodrich, Post 117, Paola.
1885— O. C. Hill, Post 130, Hiawatha ; C. A. Norton, Post 147,
Beliot ; J. S. Clark, Post 28, Wyandotte ; G. M. Stratton, Post
88, Clay Centre ; S. W. Kniffin, Post 350, Parsons.
1886— G. M. Stratton, re-elected ; R. M. Blair, Post 301, Staf-
ford ; J. P. Crane, Post 12, Lawrence ; A. G. Hardesty, Post 258,
Lincoln ; J. T. Brady, Post 175, Sabetha.
1887— O. H. Coulter, Post 7, Council Grove ; John Fulton,
Post 175, Sabetha ; A. L. Vorhees, Post 164, Russell ; I. W. Stone,
Post 1?, Lawrence ; R. G. Ward, Post 74, Sedan.
1888— W. C. AVhitney, Post 43, Cawker City ; H. E. Richter,
Post 7, Council Grove ; (). E. Morse, Post 33, Mound City ; F. V,.
Webster, Post 87, McPhersou ; Ira F. Collins, Post 175, Sa-
betha.
Department of Kansas. 577
REUNIONS.
Kansas, with other western States, is noted for the immense
crowds that attend the annual reunions of the Grand Army of the
Republic. These have been held in different sections of the State,
but it has now been deemed advisable to permanently locate State
Camps at two points, to be held at each alternately, Topeka and
Ellsworth, both places having offered to make liberal provision
for the accommodation of all members of the Grand Army, and
visitors in attendance at these reunions.
The Fifth Annual Reunion, at Topeka, October 1-6, 1888, was
very successful. General Alex. McD*. McCook, Colonel 6th U. S.
Infantry, was present with his regiment and detachments of ar-
tillery and cavalry of the regular service. Nearly all the States
of the Union were represented by veteran soldiers and sailors.
soldiers' orphans' HOME.
By the liberal donations by the city of Atchison, of 160 acres
of land, costing $16,000, and the sum of $5,000 in cash, a Home
for the orphans of Union soldiers and sailors has been established
near that city.
The State provided for the erection of the buildings and main-
tenance of tho Home. The main buildings and equipments have
cost $49,000. The cottage system was adopted, and a number of
cottages, to accommodate each from thirty to thirty-five children,
will be soon erected. At present (1888) one hundred and five
children are in the Home.
STATE soldiers' HOME.
The establishment of a branch of the National Homes at
Leavenworth has afforded only partial relief in caring for needy
veterans of the State, and the Department Encampment has
adopted measures to secure a State Home. It is proposed that
the State purchase not less than 640 acres of land and build
thereon cottages, where all able to do any work may wholly or
partially maintain themselves. It is proposed that not only sol-
diers, sailors and marines, in need, can be thus aided, but their
wives, and their children under fifteen years of age, so that families
need not be broken up. It is intended also to make provision for
army nurses who served in the hospitals during the war, and the
widows of deceased Union veterans.
37
578 Grand Army of the Republic.
Legislation.
MEMORI.VL DAY.
The 30tli clay of May was made a legal holiday by the Legisla-
ture in 1886.
INTERMENT OF VETERANS.
By Act approved 1885, jDro vision is made for the decent burial
of honorably discharged soldiers, sailors and marines who may
die without leaving sufficient means to defray funeral expenses.
Such interment shall not be made in any burial ground used ex-
clusively for the burial of the pauper dead. The expenses are
not to exceed fifty dollars, and twenty dollars is allowed for a
headstone, all to be paid by the county in which the deceased
veteran resided at the time of his death.
PREFERENCE IN EMPLOYMENT.
By Act passed 1886 :
In grateful recognition of the services, sacrifices and sufferings of persons who
served in the anny or navy of the United States in the war of the rebellion, and have
been honorably dischar.i:;ed therefrom, they shall be preferred for appointment and
employment to i)os;tions in every public department, and upon all public works of
the State of Kansas, and of the cities and towns of the State, over other persons of
equal qiialitications; and the persons thus preferred shall not be disqualilaed from
holding any position in said service on account of his age, nor by reason of any phys-
ical disaljility; provided such age or disability does not render him incompetent to
perform the duties of the position applied for.
Sec. 2. In making any reduction of force in any of the departments, cities or
towns of the State, the officers of such department, city or town shall retain those
p'rsons who may be equally qualified who have been honorably discharged from the
military or naval service of the United States, and the widows and orphans of de-
ceased soldiers and sailors.
DEPARTMENT OF NEBRASKA.
Nebraska was first constituted a Provisional Department July
10, 1867, but no reports were made to National Headquarters, and
it was soon dropped from the rolls.
In 1874, Comrade J. E. Philpott was. appointed Provisional
Commander. On August 26, ho was, at his own request, relieved,
Department of Nebraska. 579
and Comrade Paul Van Der Voort, who had in February resigned
as Assistant-Adjutant General, Department of Illinois, by reason
of his locating in Omaha, was appointed. Comrade Otto Funcke,
Lincoln, was appointed Senior Vice-Commander ; Webster Eaton,
Kearny, Junior Vice-Commander ; Lee J. Estelle, Omaha, Assist-
ant Adjutant-General ; K. H. Wilber, Omaha, Assistant Quarter-
master-General ; Council of Administration — Comrades Alex.
Schlagel, Plattsmouth ; O. F. Steen, Omaha; T. M. Majors, Peru ;
R. M. Grimes, Kearny, and C. J. Dilworth, Red Cloud.
The meeting for the organization of the Department was held
at Omaha, June 11, 1877. Posts represented : Post 1, Kearny ;
Post 2, Fort Omaha ; Post 3, Wahoo ; Post 4, Fremont ; Post 5,
Schuyler ; Post 6, Tekamah ; Post 7, Omaha ; Post 8, St. Paul ;
Post 9, Columbus ; Post 10, David City ; Post 11, Grand Island ;
Post 12, Fort Sidney.
ANNUAL MEETINGS.
I, January 20, 1878, Omaha ; II. January 31, 1879, Omaha ;
III. January 26, 1880 ; IV. January 27, 1881, Aurora ; V. January
25, 1882, Lincoln ; VI. February 19, 1883, Lincoln ; VIL January
29, 1884, Fremont ; VIIL January 28, 1885, Beatrice ; IX. Feb-
ruary 17, 1886, Red Cloud ; X. March 15, 1887, Omaha ; XL
February 29, 1888, Lincoln.
SEMI-ANNUAL MEETINGS.
I. July 2, 1879, Omaha; II. September 13, 1880, reunion at
Central City ; IIL 1881, Lincoln ; IV. 1882, Grand Island ; V.
1883, Hastings ; VI. September 1, 1884, reunion at Fremont ;
VII. September 7, 1885, reunion at Beatrice ; VIIL August 30,
1886, Grand Island ; IX. September 5, 1887, Omaha.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1877, Paul Van Der Voort, Post 2, Omaha- (see Commander-in-
Chief, Chapter XXI) ; 1878, R. H. Wilber, Post 7, Omaha ; 1879-
80, James W. Savage, Post 7, Omaha ; 1881-82, S. J. Alexander,
Post 25, Lincoln ; 1883, John C. Bonnell, Post 25, Lincoln ; 1884,
H. E. Palmer, Post 45, Plattsmouth ; 1885, A. V. Cole, Post 81,
Juniata ; 1886, John M. Thayer, Post 11, Grand Island ; 1887, H.
C. Russell. Post 34, Schuyler ; 1888, W. C. Henry, Post 18, Fair-
mont.
580 Grand Army of the Republic.
senior vice-commanders.
1877, Calviu McCune, Post 10, David City; 1878-79, J. J.
O'Connor, Post 2, Fort Omaha ; 1880, Brad P. Cook, Post 10,
David City; 1881, F. E. Brown, Post 21, Syracuse (see Adjutant-
General, Chapter XXI) ; 18S2, L. W. Osborne, Post 52, Blair ;
1883, *H. E. Palmer ; 1884, T. S. Clarkson, Post 34, Schuyler ;
1885, J. H. Culver, Post 56, Milford ; 1886, G. M. O'Brien, Post 7,
Omaha ; died January, 1887 ; 1887, W. S. Randall, Post 43, Fair-
field ; 1888, W. V. Allen, Post 143, Madison.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1877, D. D. AVadsworth, Post 9, Columbus; 1878, B. E. Rogers,
Post 9, Columbus ; 1879, C. W. Smith, Post 12, Sidney ; 1880,
*S. J. Alexander ; 1881, B. Crabb, Post 32, York ; 1882, J. S.
Miller, Post 44, Aurora ; 1883, C. H. Fitch, Post 7, Omaha ; 1884,
*A. V. Cole ; 1885, J. B. Davis, Post 90, Wahoo ; 1886, John
Morrow, Post 69, Howard ; 1887, J. Neubauer, Post 12, Sidney ;
1888, E. C. Parkinson, Post 3, Seward.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1878-80, Jos. Neville, Post 7, Omaha ; 1881-82, M. J. Gahan,
Post 11, Grand Island ; 1883, C. W. Moore, Post 99, Sterling ;
1884-86, M. W. Stone, Post 90, Wahoo ; 1887, B. N. Bond, Post
55, Papillion ; 1888, M. W. Stone, Post 90, Wahoo.
CHAPLAINS.
1879, S. Sanders, Post 14, Steele City ; 1880, B. Crabb, Post
32, York ; 1881, E. Austin, Post 60, Harvard ; 1882, P. Hirst,
Post 8, St. Paul ; 1883, B. Crabb, Post 25, Lincoln ; 1884, J. C.
Lewis, Post 4, Fremont ; 1885-86, E. J. O'Neil, Post 95, Pawnee
City; 1887, J. S. Presson, Post 3, Seward ; 1888, S. P. Dillon, Post
231, Litchfield.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1877-78, Wm. Coburn, Post 7, Omaha ; 1879-80, John S. AYood,
Post 7, Omaha ; 1881-84, Brad P. Cook, Post 10, David City ;
1H85, S. J. Shirley, Post 81, Juniata ; 1886, J. W. Liveringhouse,
Post 11, Grand Island ; 1887, J. D. Miles, Post 34, Schuyler ; 1888,
J. W. Liveringhouse, Post 11, Grand Island.
* To Department Commander.
Department of Nebraska. 581
ASSISTANT quartermasters-general.
1878-82, Michael Coady, Post 2, Fort Omaha; 1883, John
Steen, Post 90, Wahoo ; resigned June 19 ; succeeded by N. G.
Franklin, Post 25, Lincoln; 1885, H. S. Hotchkiss, Post 25,
Lincoln ; 1886, W. C. Henry, Post 18, Fairmont ; 1887, L. M.
Scothorn, Post 25, Lincoln; 1888, L. C. AVashburn, Post 109,
Norfolk.
INSPECTORS.
1877, John Hammond, Post 9, Columbus; 1878-79, G. M.
O'Brien, Omaha ; resigned ; succeeded by Brad P. Cook, Post 10,
David City ; 1880, P. Walsh, Post 28, Shelton ; 1881-82, J. O.
West, Post 11, Grand Island ; 1883, H. Mitchell, Post 54, Palmy-
ra ; 1884, John F. Diener, Post 21, Syracuse ; 1885, J. C. Lewis,
Post 4, Fremont ; 1886, John Hammond, Post 9, Columbus ;
1887, A. AUee, Post 7, Omaha ; 1888, Geo. W. Stultz, Post 22,
Geneva.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1878, P. Hirsh, Post 8, St. Paul ; 1879-80, Chas. F. Manderson,
Post 7, Omaha ; 1881, Amasa Cobb, Post 25, Lincoln ; 1882, E. C.
Calkins, Post 1, Kearny ; 1883, A. H. Bowen, Post 13, Hastings ;
1884, J. F. Warner, Post 170, Dakota City ; 1885, J. Q. Goss, Post
55, Papillion; 1886, S. C. Chapman, Post 45, Plattsmouth; 1887,
A. H. Church, Post 69, North Platte ; resigned April 25 ; suc-
ceeded by J. W. Bixler, of same Post ; 1888, C. M. Parker, Post
25, Lincoln.
CHIEF mustering OFFICERS.
1878, John S. Wood, Post 7, Omaha ; 1879, John Hammond,
Post 9, Columbus ; 1880, Thos. Sewell, Post 25, Lincoln ; 1881, N.
K Persinger, Post 23, Central City ; 1882, John Hammond, Post
9, Columbus ; 1883-84, E. B. Taylor, Post 10, David City ; 1885,
J. W. Liveringhouse, Post 11, Grand Island ; 1886, E. E. Howard,
Post 16, Edgar ; 1887, B. F. Kawalt, Post 13, Hastings ; resigned
October 25 ; succeeded by A. P. Ohilds ; 1888, A. P. Childs, Post
5, Wayne.
582 Grand Army of the Republic.
council of administration.
1878—0. A. Abbott, Post 11, Grand Island ; P. Hirst, Post 8,
St. Paul ; Jas. Murray, Post 4, Fremont ; C. E. Squires, Post 7,
Omaha ; J. Neubaurer, Post 12, Fort Sidney.
1879— B. E. Rogers, Post 9, Columbus ; M. R. Risdon, Post 7,
Omaha; Fred. Nirk, Post 12, Sidney; S. P. Mobley, Post 11, Grand
Island ; H. Meerholz, Post 2, Fort Omaha.
1880— W. H. Webster, Post 23, Central City ; M. Warren, Post
10, David City; H. C. Brown, Post 31, Ashland ; P. Hirst, Post 8,
St. Paul ; M. D. Williams, Post 22, Geneva.
1881— W. H. Webster, re-elected ; J. N. Edwards, Post 3,
Seward ; C. Wiltse, Post 11, Grand Island ; E. C. Calkins, Post 1,
Kearny; J. S. Miller, Post 44, Aurora.
1882— E. M. Day, Post 69, North Platte ; John Hammond,
Post 9, Columbus ; H. E. Palmer, Post 45, Plattsmouth ; O. A.
Abbott, Post 11, Grand Island ; J. W. Wilson, Post 1, Kearny.
1883— W. S. Randall, Post 43, Fairfield ; H. Strong, Post 92,
Cameron ; J. B. Davis, Post 90, Wahoo ; A. V. Cole, Post 81,
Juniata ; Miles Warren, Post 83, Bellwood.
1884— J. B. Davis, Miles Warren, re-elected ; P. H. Steele, Post
137, Beaver Crossing ; E. C. Parkinson, Post 2, Seward ; E. C.
Calkins, Post 1, Kearny.
1885— B. Crabb, Post 32, York ; W. S. Bloom, Post 63, Su-
perior ; M. H. Hinman, Post 4, Fremont ; A. H. Bowen, Post 13,
Hastings ; C. A. Holmes, Post 47, Tecum&eh.
1886— C. A. Holmes, re-elected ; C. F. Came, Post 150, River-
ton ; A. S. Cole, Post 24, Nebraska City ; Brad P. Cook, Post 214,
Lincoln ; L. D. Richards, Post 4, Lincoln.
1887 — C. A. Holmes, L. D. Richards, re-elected ; S. J. Shirley,
Post 12, Sidney ; E. C. Parkinson, Post 3, Seward ; S. D. Davis,
Post 32, York.
1888— L. D. Richards, re-elected ; J. B. Doan, Post 226, Gandy ;
S. H. Morrison, Post 24, Nebraska City ; J. C. Bonnell, Post 25,
Lincoln ; B. F. Smith, Post 81, Juniata.
REUNIONS.
In no State are the Soldiers' and Sailors' Reunions, which
have been held annually for some years past, mor(^ largely at-
Department of Nebraska. 583
tended than in Nebraska. Many thousands of veterans have been
in attendance during the week or more of the camp, some of
them travelling in wagons with their families for hundreds of
miles.
The competition for the place for holding these reunions is
spirited, and the Department has been able to make such terms
as not only to avoid any expense to the Department, but add
thereby to the Department funds.
The proposals for location, in addition to a cash subscription,
require the use of 240 acres of land, water for at least 50,000
people and for 3,000 horses or mules, 40 tons of ice, 75 tons of
hay, 50 tons of straw, 100 cords of wood, transportation for and
care of all camp equipage.
No gambling, or vending of any spirituous or malt liquors is
allowed on the grounds.
NEBRASKA SOLDIERS' AND SAILORS* HOME.
Nebraska, in making provision for the care of needy veterans,
by Act approved March 4, 1887, has made a decided advance over
any other State, by its liberal provisions.
The Act reads as follows :
Section 1. That there shall be established and maintained by the State of Ne-
braska, an institution to be known as the Nebraska Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, the
object of which shall be to provide homes and subsistence to honorably discharged
ex-8oldiers and sailors and marines, and also hospital nurses who served in the United
States army or navy, or hospitals, during the war of the rebellion, and who entered
the army or navy, or entered such hospitals from this State, or who shall at the time of
the application for admission to such home, have been an actual bona fide resident of
this State for two years next preceding such application; and who shall have a wife or
children dependent upon him or her for support, and who have become disabled by
reason of such service, old age or other cause, from earning a livelihood, and who
would be dependent upon public or private charities; and also wives of such soldiers
and sailors, and their children under the age of fifteen years, and the widows and chil-
dren under the age of fifteen years, of soldiers, sailors and marines, who died while in
the service of the United States, or who were honorably discharged from such service,
and who have since died, and also the children under the age of fifteen years, of any
such hospital nurse;
Provfded, That such widow or children shall have been bona fide residents of
this State for two years preceding admission to such home, and are unable to earn a
livelihood, and are dependent upon public or private charities.
Citizens of Grand Island donated 640 acres of land and $19,200
in money for the establishment of the Home at that place. Thirty
thousand dollars were appropriated by the Legislature for main-
584 Grand Army of the Republic.
tenanco for 1887-88. The main building, 50 x 100 feet, four stories
iu height, was opened for inmates July IC, 1888. Cottages will
be erected according to the number of applications received, and
inmates will be assigned tracts of land that they may partially
support themselves. Captain John Hammond is Commandant of
the Home.
BURIAL OF VETERANS.
By Act of the Legislature passed in 1885, provision is made
for the burial of honorably discharged soldiers, sailors and ma-
rines who may die without leaving means sufficient to defray
funeral expenses. A tombstone is also to be provided.
EXEMPTION.
By Act approved March 31, 1887, pension money of soldiers,
sailors and marines disabled in the service of the United States,
and all propert}^ purchased and improved exclusively with such
pension money, to an amount not exceeding §2,000 in value, are
exempt from levy and sale upon execution or attachment.
Legislation.
ROSTER.
By Act approved March 4, 1887, provision was made for ob-
taining the names of all residents of Nebraska who served iu the
United States army, navy, or marine corps, during the war of
1812, the Mexican war, and the war of the rebellion, designating
the rank, company, regiment, battery or vessel in which they
served. Two thousand copies of these rosters were ordered pub-
lished, three copies to be furnished to each Post of the Grand
Army of the Republic in the State.
GRAND army BADGE.
By Act approved March 31, 1887, any person who shall will-
fully wear the badge of the Grand Army of the Republic, or
who shall use the same to obtain aid or assistance thereby, unless
duly entitled to wear the same, is liable to imprisonment for not
er needing thirty days or a fine not exceeding $20, or to both such
fine and imprisonment.
Department of Dakota. 585
memorial day.
May 30th was made a legal holiday in Nebraska by Act of the
Legislature passed in 1885.
GRANT MEMORIAL HALL.
By an Act approved March 31, 1887, an appropriation was
made to properly furnish a room in the Capitol building for the
care and preservation of the official records of all officers and
soldiers who served in the volunteer regiments of the State ; also
for the proper care and preservation of relics and mementos of
the war of the rebellion that may be donated to the State of Ne-
braska.
Comrade Edgar S. Dudley, First Lieutenant 2d U. S. Artillery,
has been appointed Custodian under this Act.
On the same day an Act was approved donating $.20,000 for
the erection of a building on the grounds of the University at
Lincoln, to be known as the Grant Memorial Hall, " to be de-
voted to the uses of the military department of said University,
and used as an armory, drill-room and gymnasium, to forever re-
main a public monument in memory of the late General Ulysses
S. Grant."
DEPAETMENT OF DAKOTA.
The first Post in Dakota was organized by Comrade Horace
G. "Wolfe, then Chief Mustering Officer, Department of Iowa, at
Fort Yates, January 7, 1882, under the title of Geo. A. Custer
Post, and was attached to the Department of Iowa. The charter-
members were Herman Kasburg, John Kosenthal, Chas. A. Pagan,
Frank L. McKown, Jas. D. Sadler, Allen C. Potter, James Hill,
Jacob Lester, Elwyn S. Reid, John Hindley, James A. Bailey,
Joseph Marsh, John McNalley, Geo. L. Van Solan, Thomas Mur-
ray, James Wynn. Herman Kasburg was elected Commander.
Comrade Wolfe also mustered Post 2, Fort Abe Lincoln, and
Post 3, Bismarck. Later he made a second trip and mustered
Posts at Huron, Redfield, Yankton, Vermillion, Elk River, Sioi;s:
Falls and Canton, traveling in all over 2,200 miles, a considerable
586 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
portion of the distance by stage in the severest weather. The
charters for these Posts were issued by the Department of Iowa.
By General Orders No. 6, dated at Headquarters Grand Army
of the Eepublic, Omaha, Nebraska, November 23, 1882, Dakota
was constituted a Provisional Department, with Comrade Thomas
S. Free, Post 10, Sioux Falls, as Commander ; Senior Vice-Com-
mander, Alex. Hughes, Post 7, Yankton ; Junior Yice-Commander,
W. A. 'Bcntley, Post 3, Bismarck ; Assistant Adjutant-General, W.
E. Potter, Post 10, Sioux Falls ; Assistant Quartermaster-General,
N. C. Nash, Post 11, Canton ; Council of Administration — C. A.
Lounsbury, Post 3, Bismarck ; J. A. Wallace, Po,st 9, Elk Point ;
J. H. Alexander, Post 4, Huron ; A. S. Curtiss, Post 6, Mitchell ;
S. F. Hammond, Post 5, Kedfield.
The Permanent Department was formed at Yankton, February
27, 1883, and Comrade Thomas. S. Free was elected Department
Commander. He served also during his term as Adjutant-General
of the Territory. He died December 21, 1886.
The Annual Encampments have been held :
I. February 27, 1883, Yankton; 11. April 29, 1884, Sioux
Falls ; III. March 18, 1885, Huron ; lY. March 14, 1886, AYatai'-
town ; Y. March 24, 1887, Jamestown ; YI. M-arch 26, 188-8,
Eedfield.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1882-84, *Thoraas "S. Free, Post 10, Sioux Falls ; 1885-86, W.
Y. Lucas, Post 34, Chamberlain ; 1887, Harriscfn Allen, Post 44,
Fargo ; 1888, 8. F. Hammond, Post 62, Ashton. Commander
Hammond had, previous to his removal to Dakota, served as
Commander of the Department of Wisconsin.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1882-83, Alex. Hughes, Post 7, Yankton ; 1884, fW. Y. Lucas ;
1885-86, J. B. Dennis, Post 7, Yankton ; 1887, B. F. Campbell,
Post 10, Sioux Falls ;. 1888, A. S. Bates, Post 44, Fargo.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1883, S. M. Laird, Post 13, Pierre; 1884, K. E. Fleming,
Post 44, Fargo; 1885-86, Horace G. Wolfe, Post 24, Cavour ;
* Deceased. t To Department Commander.
Department of Dakota. 687
1887, S. M. Booth, Post 94, Custer City ; 1888, W. H. Stoddard,
Post 10, Sioux Falls.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1884, D. E. Etter, Post 7, Yankton ; 1885-86, W. C. Sherlock,
Post 44, Fargo ; 1887-88, Wm. A. Bentiey, Post 3, Bismarck.
CHAPLAINS.
1884, Geo. A. Cressey, Post 4, Huron ; 1885-86, J. Wallace
Bell, Post 84, EUendale ; 1886, J. W. Bell, Post 76, White* Lake ;
1887, J. H. Hartman, Post 65, Jamestown ; 1888, S. G. Updyke,
Post 74, Brookings (see Chaplaiu-in-Chief, Chapter XXVI).
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1882-83, Wesley S. Potter, Post 10, Sioux Falls ; 1885, A. S.
Church, Post 34, Chamberlain ; 1886, D. W. Spaulding, Post 34,
Chamberlain ; 1887, S. H. Jumper, Post 19, Aberdeen ; 1888, J. S.
Perriton, Post 62, Ashton.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1882, N. C. Nash, Post 11, Canton ; 1883, Edwin O. Kimberly,
Post 10, Sioux Falls ; succeeded, December 8, 1883, by Wm. Beck-
ler. Post 10 ; 1885-86, J. E. Jenkins, Post 34, Chamberlain ; 1887,
C. T. McCoy, Post 19, Aberdeen ; 1888, D. N. Hunt, Post 5, Ked-
field.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1883, William A. Bentiey, Post 3, Bismarck ; 1884, Herbert
E. Dewey, Post 13, Pierre ; 1885, C. S. Palmer, Post 10, Sioux
Falls ; 1886, W. T. Collins, Post 56, Grand Forks ; 1887, M. W.
Greene, Post 44, Fargo ; 1888, C. S. Palmer, Post 10, Sioux
Falls.
INSPECTORS.
1883, John Kosenthal, Post 1, Fort Yates ; 1884, Noah N. Ty-
ner. Post 44, Fargo ; 1885, Walter I. Himes, Post 9, Elk Point ;
1886, J. E. Elson, Post 4, Huron ; 1887, J. W. Gregg, Post 57,
Wahpeton ; 1888, E. M. Thomas, Post 4, Huron.
588 Grand Army of the Republic.
chief mustering officers.
1883-8^ Horace G. Wolfe, Post 24, Cavour ; 1885, J. L.
Spaulumg, Post 4, Huron; 1886, E. S. Miller, Post 65, Jamestown;
1887, E. Z. Bennett, Post 69, Bearsford ; 1888, W. H. Brown, Post
56, Grand Forks.
COUNCIL or ADMINISTRxVTION.
1882 — C. A. Lounsbury, Post 3, Bismarck ; J. A. Wallace, Post
9, Elk Point ; J. H. Alexander, Post 4, Huron ; A. S. Curtiss, Post
6, Mitchell ; S. F. Hammond, Post 5, Redfield.
1883 — J. A. Wallace, re-elected ; J. E. Elson, Post 4, Huron ;
J. M. Adams, Post 6, Mitchell ; J. L. Jolly, Post 8, Vermillion ;
G. W. Harlan.
1884— Walter I. Himes, Post 9, Elk Point ; N. C. Nash, Post
11, Canton; Geo. R. Lanning, Post 15, Egan ; O. C. Potter, Post
26, Salem ; C. S. Deering, Post 27, Plankinton.
1885-86— A. A. Rowley, Post 19, Aberdeen ; B. E. Pay, Post
55, Oakwood; C. J. Anderson, Post 27, Plankinton; M. T. Wooley,
Post 7, Yankton ; N. B. Kent, Post 84, Ellendale.
1887— N. C. Nash, Post 11, Canton ; J. E. Hoffman, Post 4,
Huron ; E. A. Young, Post 116, Rea Heights ; C. T. Clement, Post
44, Fargo ; C. H. Lockwood, Post 34, Chamberlain.
1888— E. E. Huntington, Post 70, Webster ; E. S. Kellogg,
Post 25, Woonsocket ; D. M. Evans, Post 42, Millbank ; C. S.
Deering, Post 27, Plankinton ; F A. West, Post 68, Arlington.
CHAPTER XXX.
PACIFIC AND MOUNTAIN STATES
INCLUDING
CALIFORNIA AND NEVADA, ARIZONA, NEW MEXICO, COLORADO,
UTAH, OREGON, IDAHO, WYOMING, MONTANA, AND WASHING-
TON TERRITORY.
DEPAETMENT OF CALIFOKNIA.
(California and Nevada.)
On November 29, 1865, the Society of California Volunteers
was formed by officers who had served in California regiments
during the rebellion. It was not only the first veteran organiza-
tion on the Pacific coast, but was preceded only by the Third
Corps Union, Society of the Army of the Tennessee, and the
Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the veteran societies now
maintaining their organization.
Colonel Edward McGarry, 2d California Volunteer Cavalry,
was elected President December 2, 1865.
During the sessions of the National Encampment in San Fran-
cisco, the Society kept " open house " for visiting comrades, and
though having no connection with the Grand Army, nearly
every member belongs to some Post of the Department of Cali-
fornia.
The officers for 1888-89 are : President, T. H. Goodman, 2d
California Cavalry ; First Vice-President, James L. Homer, 6th
Infantry ; Second Vice-President, Lysander Washburn, 3d Infan-
try ; Treasurer, C. Mason Kinne, California Hundred: Corre-
sponding Secretary, Elisha Brooks, 8th Infantry ; Piecording
Secretary, Jno. C. Innes, 2d Infantry. Captain Innes has been
Secretary since the organization of the Society.
Early in 1867, Major T. J. Blakeney, of Sacramento, who had
[589]
590
Grand Army of the Republic.
Captain C. Mason Kinne.
been on a visit East, re-
tnrueil with autliority to
organize the Grand Army
of the Republic on the
Pacific coast. On his ar-
rival in San Francisco, he
explained the objects of
the Grand Army of the Re-
public to a number of vet-
erans, among them T. W.
Scott, O. C. Miller, James
Coey, Z. B. Adams, AY. E.
McArthur, Jerome Sullivan,
Edward B. Jerome and James
Fitzpatrick.
The " obligation " was
administered to these mem-
bers in a novel manner on the ocean beach below the Cliff House,
on the evening of April 15, 1867.
The formal organization of Post No. 1 was completed in the
City Hall, San Francisco, on April 22, with the following addi-
tional charter-members : W. B. Anderson, T. J. Blakeney, S. W.
Backus, P. W. Belliugall, Geo. E. Baldwin, Jno. C. Cremony,
Thos. H. Craig, Thompson Campbell, Jr., Benjamin Collins, Jr.,
James Grant, John A. Hill, Edw^ard Ingham, C. Mason Kinne,
Chas. M. Leavy, J. M. McNulty, I. R. Mcintosh, Chas. Roberts,
Robert A. Sedgwick, John W. Sim, F. D. Sweetser, W. Stanton,
A. G. Soule, Henry Schrow, D. AV. C. Thompson, and Frank K.
Upham. O. C. Miller was elected Post Commander.
On May 7, 1807, under the authority conferred upon him.
Major Blakeney named John F. Miller as the Provisional Com-
mander, Department of California. General Miller assumed com-
mand on May 8, and appointed Colonel James Coey, Assistant
Adjutant-General.
General John Franklin Miller, Provisional Commander, was a
native of Indiana, and entered on the jjractice of law in South
Bend in 1852. In 1800, lie was elected State Senator, but re-
signed in 1801, to organize and command, as Colonel, the 29th
Indiana Volunteers.
He was severely wounded at Ijiberty Gap, June 24, 1863, and
it was thought at first was mortally wounded, by a bullet pass-
Department of California. 591
ing througli his left eye, but by January, 1864, lie had sufficiently
recovered to resume his duties, and as Brigadier-General was
placed in command of Nashville. For services in the battle of
Nashville, December 15, 1864, he was brevetted Major-General
U. S. V.
He was mustered-out September 25, 1865, and then located in
California. "VYas Collector of the Port at San Francisco for four
years, and in 1880 was chosen United States Senator, entering
on his duties March 8, 1881. He died, while so serving, March
8, 1886.
The Department was soon thoroughly established, but the
same causes that so severely affected all other Departments,
made it impossible to hold its membership. In 1874, there were
but four Posts rej)orted, with 172 members, and during the next
year, with an increase of one new Post, the membership had
further declined to 147 members. In 1876 there were four Posts
and 108 members ; in 1877 three Posts only remained, Lincoln
Post, now No. 1, in San Francisco, Sumner Post No. 3, in Sacra-
mento, and Farragut Post No. 4, in Vallejo.
From this time onward there was an increase in interest and
in Posts and membership, each year showing better than the year
preceding.
Nevada, Oregon, Washington, Idaho and Arizona were all at-
tached to the Department of California, and Posts were organized
in each which have been since transferred to the separate Depart-
ments now formed in the States or Territories named, except Ne-
vada, which remains with California under the title of the De-
partment of California.
In 1882, Comrade Charles H. Eldridge mustered Geo. H. De
Long Post No. 45, at Honolulu, with eighteen charter members,
R. W. Laine, Post Commander. This Post contributed $50 to the
Charleston, South Carolina, Fund. It maintains a vigorous or-
ganization, and its observance of Memorial Day attracts general
attention and a large attendance.
Encampments of the Department of California have been held
as follows :
ANNUAL MEETINGS.
I. February 21, 1868 ; II. January 26, 1869, and III. January
28, 1870, at San Francisco ; IV. January 20, 1871, Sacramento ;
592 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
Y. January 20, 1872, and VI. January 19, 1873, San Francisco ;
YII. January 24, 1874, Vallejo ; VIII. January 23, 1875, Sacra-
mento ; IX. January 29, 1876, and X. January 20, 1877, San
Francisco ; XI. January 20, 1878, Sacramento ; XII. January i4,
1879, San Francisco ; XIII. January 23, 1880, Oakland ; XIV.
January 21, 1881, San Francisco ; XV. February 17, 1882, San
Jose ; XVI. January 19, 1883, San Francisco ; XVII. January
23, 1884, San Francisco ; XVIII. February 18, 1885, San Fran-
cisco ; XIX. February 18, 1886, Sacramento ; XX. February 21,
1887, Los Angeles ; XXI. March 14, 1888, Santa Eosa.
SEMI-ANNUAL MEETINGS.
July 23, 1869, San Francisco ; July 15, 1870, Vallejo.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1867, Provisional, *Jolin F. Miller, Post 1, San Francisco ;
1868-69, Permanent Department, James Coey, Post 1, San Fran-
cisco (see Junior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Chapter X); 1870, W.
L. Campbell, Post 3, Sacramento ; 1871-72, W. E. McArthur, Post
1, San Francisco ; 1873-74, W. H. Aiken, Post 1, San Francisco ;
1875, Ed. Carlson, Post 3, Sacramento ; 1876, Wm. Crosby, Post
10, San Francisco ; resigned October, 1876 ; A. C. Bagley, Senior
Vice-Commander, in command ; 1877, S. W. Backus, Post 10, San
Francisco (see Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Chapter XXV) ;
1878-79, S. P. Ford, Post 10, San Francisco ; 1880-81, C. Mason
Kinne, Post 1, San Francisco ; 1882, W. A. Robinson, Post 2, San
Francisco ; 1883, James AY. Staples, Post 2, San Francisco ; 1884,
J. M. Davis, Post 1, San Francisco ; 1885, K. H. Warfield, Post 16,
Healdsburg ; 1886, W. R. Smedberg, Post 2, San Francisco ; 1887,
Ed. S. Salomon, Post 34, San Francisco ; 1888, T. H. Goodman,
Post 2, San Francisco.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1868, Geo. S. Evans, Post 3, Sacramento ; 1869, James N. 01-
ney. Post 2, San Francisco ; 1870, tS. AY Backus ; 1871, Geo. H.
Kobinson, Post 3, Sacramento ; 1872, Clias. E. Lancaster, Post 1,
San Francisco ; 1873-74, W. R. Cox, Post 12, Vallejo ; 1875, tWm.
* Deceased. f To Department Commander.
Department of California. 593
Crosby ; 1876, A. C. Bagley, Post 4, Yallejo — in command of the
Department after resignation of Department Commander Crosby,
October, 1876 ; 1877, D. J. Simmons, Post 3, Sacramento ; 1878,
Jno. F. Slieelian, Post 3, Sacramento ; 1879, E. B. Zabriskie, Post
5, Carson City, Nevada ; 1880-81, W. F. Ellis, Post 7, San Jose ;
1882, *J. M. Davis ; 1883, *R. H. Warfield ; 1884, A. G. Bennett,
Post 7, San Jose ; 1885, H. A. Burnett, Post 3, Sacramento ; 1886,
Geo. E. Gard, Post 6, Los Angeles ; 1887, M. D. Hamilton, Post
33, San Diego ; 1888, A. J. Buckles, Post 4, Yallejo.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1868, James F. Curtis, Post 5, Los Angeles ; 1869, W. L.
Campbell, Post 3, Sacramento ; 1870, Jno. L. Gamble, Post 12,
Vallejo ; 1871, tClias. E. Lancaster ; 1872, fW. R. Cox ; 1873, F.
C. Lord, Post 8, Virginia City, Nevada ; 1874, Geo. H. Robinson,
Post 2, San Francisco ; 1875, Stephen Finnell, Post 4, Vallejo ;
again elected 1878 ; 1876, fD. J. Simmons ; 1877, Geo. L. Vor-
hees. Post 4, Vallejo ; again elected 1880 ; 1879, fGeo. E. Gard ;
1881, tJ. M. Davis ; 1882, tR. H. Warfield ; 1883, fA. G. Bennett ;
1885, H. C. Dibble, Post 36, Tombstone, Arizona Territory ; 1886,
S. F. Daniels,. Post 8, Oakland ; 1887, Allen T. Bird, Post 65,
Woodland ; resigned December 24, 1887 ; succeeded by R. S. John-
son, Post 23, Stockton ; 1888, J. B. Fuller, Post 80, Marysville.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1868-69, S. F. Elliott, Post 1, San Francisco ; 1870, A. T. Hud-
son, Post 9, Stockton ; 1871-74, P. H. Humphrey, Post 2, San
Francisco ; 1875, J. W. Clawson, Post 10, San Francisco ; 1876-
78, Chas. H. Wyman, Post 3, Sacramento ; 1879-80, A. McMahon,
Post 7, San Jose ; 1881, L. L. Dorr, Post 2, San Francisco ; 1882-
83, J. C. Tucker, Post 11, Alameda (to Surgeon-General, Chapter
XXII); 1884, E. P. Wood, Post 38, St. Helena: 1885, G. M.
Pease, Post 2, San Francisco ; 1886, N. S. Hamlin, 1 ost 80, Marys-
ville ; 1887, J. C. Stout, Post 42, San Jose ; 1888, H. C. Crowder,
Post 20, Santa Rosa.
* To Department Commander. + To Senior Vice-Commander.
£8
594 Grand Army of the Kepublic.
chaplains.
1868-69 and 1871-73, A. L. Stone, D.D., Post 2, San Fran-
cisco ; 1870, D. N. Coey, Post 1, San Francisco ; 1874-81 and
1884, T. K. Noble, Post 1, San Francisco ; 1882-83, A. S. Fiske,
Post 2, San Francisco ; 1885, L. W. Simmons, Post 64, Kelsey-
ville ; 1886, W. L. Stephens, Post 38, St. Helena ; 1887, E. K.
Dille, Post 3, Sacramento ; 1888, Winfield Scott, Post 2, San
Francisco.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1867, *James Coey ; 1868, Frank Miller, Post 3, Sacramento ;
1869, Ed. G. Haynes, Post 3, Sacramento ; resigned 1870 ; suc-
ceeded by * W. E. McArthur ; 1871, A. H. W. Creigli, Post 1, San
Francisco ; 1872, C. J. Stees, Post 1, San Francisco ; 1873-74,
James E. Hughes, Post 1, San Francisco ; 1875, H. W. Thain,
Post 3, Sacramento ; 1876, C. H. Eldridge, Post 10, San Francisco ;
resigned August 24 ; succeeded by D. M. Knowlton, Post 10, San
Francisco, who died December, 1877 ; 1877, S. P. Ford, Post 10,
San Francisco ; 1878-79, *C. Mason Kinne ; 1880, Frank F. Stone,
Post 2, San Francisco ; 1881, *W. A. Robinson ; 1882, Geo. M.
McCarty, Post 2, San Francisco ; 1883, Horace Wilson, Post 2,
San Francisco ; 1884, Jno. H. Gilmore, Post 2 ; resigned ; suc-
ceeded by J. B. "Whittemore, Post 1, San Francisco ; 1885, *W.
R. Sraedberg; 1886-88, Thomas S. Taylor, Post 2, San Fran-
cisco.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1868, John Hanna, Post 1, San Francisco ; resigned in 1869 ;
succeeded by W. A. Robinson, Post 2, San Francisco ; 1870, Theo.
M. AVate, Post 1, San Francisco ; resigned ; succeeded by C. H.
Eldridge, Post 2, San Francisco ; 1873-74, AVm. H. Armstrong,
Post 2, San Francisco ; 1875, T. AV. Sheehan, Post 3, Sacramento ;
1876, S. P. Ford, Post 10, San Francisco (to Assistant Adjutant-
General) ; 1877, C. P. Kelly, Post 10, San Francisco ; 1879-83,
O. B. Culver, Post 1, San Francisco ; 1884, Chas. H. Bliun, Post
2, San Francisco ; resigned August 18 ; succeeded by Jos. R.
Cowen, Post 1 ; 1885-87, R. H. Orton, Post 1, San Francisco ; re-
* To Department Commander.
Department of California. 695
signed November 27, 1887 ; appointed Adjutant-General State of
California ; succeeded, as Assistant Quartermaster-General, by
J. J. Lyon, Post 1, San Francisco.
INSPECTORS.
1868-69, Assistant Inspector-General Frank Miller, Post 3,
Sacramento ; 1870, T. W. Sheehan, Post 3, Sacramento ; 1871,
Chas. J. Stees, Post 1, San Francisco ; 1872, Frank Miller, Post
3, Sacramento ; 1875, Jas. E. Hughes, Post 10, San Francisco ;
1876, D. M. Casliin, Post 10 ; 1877, Ed. Byrnes, Post 10 ; 1878, J.
D. Bailey, Post 3, Sacramento ; 1879-80, W. A. Eobinson, Post 1,
San Francisco ; 1881-82, *.T. W. Staples ; 1883, Ed. S. Salomon,
Post 34, San Francisco ; 1884, T. H. Allen, Post 50, Oakland ;
1885, Walter H. Holmes, Post 2 ; resigned ; succeeded by John T.
Cutting, Post 2, San Francisco ; 1886, R. S. Johnson, Post 23,
Stockton ; 1887, J. J. Lyon, appointed Assistant Quartermaster-
General ; succeeded by E. C. J. Adney, Post 8, Oakland ; 1888,
S. E. Goe, Post 2, San Francisco.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1869, W. H. Aiken, Post 1, San Francisco ; 1870, Robert Rob-
inson, Post 3, Sacramento ; 1871, Joseph Yandor, Post 5, San
Francisco ; 1872, W. H. Aiken ; 1873, Joseph Vandor ; 1875, J. A.
Waymire, Post 10, San Francisco ; 1877-78, W. H. Aiken ; 1879,
C. N. Harris, Post 5, Carson City, Nevada ; 1880, H. D. Scripture,
Post 2, San Francisco ; 1881, H. J. McJunkiu, Post 2, San Fran-
cisco ; 1882-83, Chas. E. Wilson, Post 2, San Francisco ; 1884,
Jno. Ellsworth, Post 11, Alameda ; 1885, S. F. Daniels, Post 8,
Oakland ; 1886, W. H. L. Barnes, Post 2, San Francisco ; 1887,
H. D. Talcott, Post 2, San Francisco ; 1888, E. M. Gibson, Post
8, Oakland.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1875, Geo. H. Robinson, Post 10, San Francisco ; 1876, T. H.
Craig, Post 10, San Francisco ; 1877, Geo. Buxton, Post 4, Vallejo ;
1878, Geo. L. Vorhees, Post 4, Vallejo ; 1879, T. S. Hall, Post 6,
Los Angeles ; 1880, E. B. Zabriskie, Post 5, Carson City, Nevada ;
1881, C. N. Harris, Post 5, Carson City, Nevada; 1882, Orrin
Taber, Post 7, San Jose ; 1883, Eugene Lehe, Post 23, Stockton ;
* To Department Commander.
o96 Grand Army of the Republic.
1884, H. B. Worcester, Post 7, San Jose ; 1885, L. Finnigan, Post
7, San Jose ; ISSf), L. B. Edwards, Post 8, Oakland ; 1887, F. H.
iSwett, Post 20, bauta Rosa ; 1888, E. R. Merriman, Post 42, San
Jose.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1868—0. C. Miller, Post 1, San Francisco ; J. N. Olney and
Ed. Ingham, Post 2, San Francisco ; W. G. Morris, Napa ; John
F. Sheehan, Post 3, Sacramento.
1869— W. H. Aiken, S. W. Backus, Post 1, San Francisco ; E.
D. Shirlaud, Post '.), Sacramento ; John L. Gamble, Post 12, Val-
lejo ; Thos. E. Ketcham, Post 9, Stockton.
1870— E. D. Shirland, Taos. E. Ketcham, re-elected; C. E.
Lancaster, Post 1, San Francisco ; E. T. Starr, Post 12, Yallejo ;
C. Brower, Post 2, San Francisco ; resigned ; succeeded by W. H.
Aiken, Post 4, San Francisco.
1871— T. W. Sheehan, I. S. Moore, Post 3, Sacramento ; Jos.
Anderson, Post 12, Yallejo ; J. L. Van Bokkelen, Post 23, Virginia
City, Nevada ; A. H. W. Creigh, Post 1, San Francisco ; resigned ;
succeeded by James O'Brien, Post 1, Avho died July 23, 1871 ; W.
H. Aiken, Post 1, elected to fill the vacancy.
1872— A. H. W. Creigh, J. L. Van Bokkelen, re-elected ; W. F.
R. Schindler, Post 5, San Francisco ; Geo. F. Ford, Post 8, Vir-
ginia City, Nevada ; \V. L. Campbell, Post 3, Sacramento.
1873— W. F. R. Schindler, re-elected ; F. W. Gushing, Post 12,
Vallejo ; A. V. Comstock, Post 8, Virginia City, Nevada ; Timo-
thy Sullivan, Post 3, Sacramento ; R. C. Lord, Post 1, San Fran-
cisco.
1874 — F. W. Gushing, A. V. Comstock, re-elected ; S. W. Back-
us, Post 1, San Francisco ; C. Mason Kinue, Post 2, San Fran-
cisco ; Frank Miller, Post 3, Sacramento.
1875— C. Mason Kinne, Frank Miller, re-elected ; J. F. Sheelian,
Post 3, Sacramento ; Geo. Buxton, Post 4, Vallejo ; N. D. Bur-
lingham. Post 9, Greenwood.
1876 — C. INIason Kinne, John F. Sheehan, N. D. Burlingham,
re-elected ; S. W. ]3;ickus, Post 10, San Francisco ; Wm. Eraser,
Post 4, Yallejo.
"Department of California. 597
1877 — C.Mason Kinne, John F. Sheehan, re-elected; A. C.
Bagley, Post 4, Vallejo ; S. P. Ford, J. J. Lyon, Post 10, San
Francisco.
1878 — C. Mason Kinne, A. C. Bagley, re-elected ; J. C. Sar-
gent, Geo. W. Irelan, Post 10, San Francisco ; N. C. Bennett, Post
3, Sacramento.
1879 — Geo. W. Irelan, re-elected ; J. A. Biirlingame, Post 5,
Carson City, Nevada ; C. H. Buck, Geo. W. B.irter, Post 8, Oak-
land ; Louis Dampf, Post 1, San Francisco.
1880 — Geo. W. Irelan, re-elected ; Jos, L. Tharp, Post 2, San
Francisco ; L. Tozer, Post 3 Sacramento ; H. R. Brown, Post 6,
Los Angeles ; B. Ambrust, Post 10, Virginia City, Nevada.
1881 — Geo. W. Irelan, L. Tozer, re-elected; A. G. Bennett,
Post 7, San Jose ; G. L. Harris, Post 2, San Francisco ; C. P.
Yates, Post 1, Portland, Oregon.
1882 — Geo. W. Irelan, G. L. Harris, A. G. Bennett, re-elected ;
J. L. Skinner, Post 3, Sacramento ; A. W. Collins, Post 8, Oak-
land.
1883— Geo. L. Harris, re-elected ; I. S. Moore, Post 3, Sacra-
mento ; F. Hanson, Post 1, San Francisco ; Wyman Murphy, Post
20, Santa Rosa ; A. Hollywood, Post 8, Oakland.
1884 — Geo. L. Harris, A. Hollywood, re-elected ; J. C. Bolles,
Post 1, San Francisco ; W. R. Thomas, Post 50, Oakland ; A. W.
Sefton, Post 54, Sacramento.
1885 — Geo. L. Harris, A. Hollywood, re-elected ; J. T. Cun-
ningham, Post 32, Santa Cruz ; Allen T. Bird, Post 65, Wood-
land ; I. S. Loventhal, Post 9, Modesto.
1886— Geo. L. Harris, Allen T. Bird, re-elected ; J. H. Bar-
bour, Post 42, San Jose ; Clark E. Royce, Post 2, San Francisco ;
Frank D. Sweetser, Post 1, San Francisco,
1887— W. J. Ruddick, Post 48, San Francisco ; G. Wiley Wells,
Post 55, Los Angeles ; F, M. Cooley, Post 8, Oakland ; F, H,
Bacon, Post 2, San Francisco ; J, Calder Innes, Post 1, San Fran-
cisco,
1888— F. P, McFeeley, Post 8, Oakland ; F. Myers, Post 1,
San Francisco ; B, O, Carr, Post 38, St, Helena ; H. Z. Osborn,
Post 55, Los Angeles ; G. D. Kellogg, Post 71, Newcastle.
598 Grand Army of the Republic.
The members of the Department of California, in 1888, repre-
sented 1,564 regiments or batteries and 128 ships of Avar, and
every State or Territory that furnished troops during the war.
MEMORIAL DAY.
In 1880, upon the suggestion of the Department Encampment,
the Legishiture passed an Act making May 30, a legal holiday.
MONUMENT TO R. C. GRIDLEY.
Post No. 23, of Stockton, has undertaken the work, probably
for the first time in the history of the Order, of erecting a monu-
ment in memory of one who was not in actual service during the
rebellion, a work, nevertheless, that will meet with general ap-
proval. R. C. Gridley, merchant in Austin, Nevada, during the
war made an election bet which required the loser to carry a
fifty-pound sack of flour through the streets of that town. Mr.
Gridley lost the wager, and commenced the task agreed upon.
During his tramp through the streets he was surrounded by a
large crowd, and at the conclusion of his trip he put the sack up at
auction and bid it in to himself for $300. As if by an inspiration,
he made a proposition that it should be again put up at auction,
and the proceeds be devoted to the United States Sanitary Com-
mission.
This took like wild-fire, and under the stimulus of this act,
Gridley carried the sack of flour to a large number of j^laces on
the Pacific coast, each vieing with the other in earnest applica-
tions for a chance to l)id on the flour. Telegrams were showered
in on him, and delegations traveled hundreds of miles to make
ofi'ers for the privilege of being the next bidders.
His labors netted the Sanitary Commission nearly $250,000,
but his own business was broken up, his health shattered, and
later he died in Stockton. Post No. 23 has determined to a})-
proprip.tely mark an event which so greatly aided the soldiers and
sailors in the service.
THE veterans' home.
In 1877, comrade J. J. Lyons, Post Commander Lincoln Post
No. 1, San Francisco, introduced a resolution relative to the es-
tablishment of a Soldiers' and Sailors' Home, but a number of
Department of Arizona. 599
complications prevented carrying out that project until 1881,
when an appeal was made to the public for subscriptions, and en-
tertainments were given by Posts of the State to raise funds for
the Home. As the result of these efforts, nearly $39,000 was se-
cured.
A tract of land containing 910 acres, situated near Yountville,
Napa county, was purchased for $17,750, and early in 1883 con-
tracts were awarded for the construction of a part of the main
building. The Home was opened April, 1884, with 14 inmates,
the number being increased during the year to 6!2, and is now
caring for 242. The State allows $150 per annum for each inmate,
thus relieving the Grand Army of that responsibility, but the
management is vested in 20 Grand Army comrades and 5 veterans
of the Mexican War.
The Committee on Management of the Twentieth National
Encampment, on closing up their affairs, had on hand a balance
of nearly $6,000. With this they erected, on the grounds of the
Home, a handsome Memorial Cottage.
The Managers of the National Homes for Disabled Veterans
have since located a branch of the National Homes near Santa
Monica, California. The new Home, when completed, will afford
accommodation for all the needy veterans on the Pacific coast.
DEPARTMENT OF ARIZONA.
Seven Posts were organized in Arizona by the Department of
California. These, by General Orders from National Headquar-
ters, September 10, 1887, were transferred to the Provisional De-
partment of Arizona.
Negley Post, now No. 1, Tucson, was organized October 28,
1881 ; Burnside Post No. 2, Tombstone, November 1, 1881 ; Bar-
rett Post No. 3, Prescott, June 23, 1883 ; T. E. G. Ransom Post No.
4, Flagstaff, October 28, 1883 ; J. AV. Owens Post No. 5, Phoenix,
September 24, 1885 ; J. W. S. Alexander Post No. 6, Globe, January
19, 1886. John A. Logan Post No. 7 has been since organized at
Tempe, Maricopa county. Kehoe Post, at Bisbee, was also or-
ganized by the Department of California, but was not represented
in the transfer.
The officers of the Provisional Department were : Commander,
A. L. Grow, Post 2, Tombstone ; Senior Vice-Commander, Hamp-
600 Grand Army of the Republic.
toil Ellis, Post fi, Globe ; Junior Vice-Commander, Louis Burns,
Post -i, Flagstati" ; Assistant Adjutant-General, T. A. Atcliiuson,
Post 2, Tombstone ; Assistant Quartermaster-General, A. B.
Sampson, Post 1, Tucson ; Council of Administration — J. A. Za-
briskie. Post 1, Tucson ; G. AV. Sines, Post '3, Prescott ; D. F.
Hart, Post 4, Flagstaff ; J. E. Wharton, Post 5, Phoenix ; Geo. A.
Allen, Post G, Globe.
The Permanent Department was organized at Phoenix, Janu-
ary 17, 1888, the Posts named, except those at Prescott and one
at Bisbee, being represented.
The following were elected or appointed officers of the De-
partment :
Department Commander, A. L. Grow, Post 2, Tombstone ;
Senior Vice-Commander, Hampton Ellis, Post 6, Globe ; Junior
Vice-Commander, Edward Schwartz, Post 5, Phoenix ; Medical
Director, J. E. Wharton, Post 5, Phoenix ; Chaplain, Geo. W.
Saunders, Post 1, Tucson ; Assistant Adjutant-General, T. A. At-
chison, Post 2, Tombstone ; Assistant Quartermaster-General,
Geo. F. Coates, Post 5, Phoenix; Inspector, D. F. Hart, Post 4,
Flagstaff; Judge-Advocate, J. A. Zabriskie, Post 1, Tucson; Chief
Mustering Officer, Thomas Hughes, Post 1, Tucson ; Council of
Administration — Geo. W. Brown, Post 1, Tucson ; B. S. Coffman,
Post 2, Tombstone ; J. G. Savage, Post 4, Flagstaff; Geo. A.
Allen, Post G, Globe ; Geo. F. Coates, Post 5, Phoenix.
DEPARTMENT OF NEW MEXICO.
McRae Post No. 1 was organized at Santa Fe, October 9, 1867,
and on February 10, 1868, New Mexico was constituted a Pro-
visional Department, with General H. H. Heath, Commander, and
Eben Everett, Assistant Adjutant-General.
General Gustavus A. Smith, now deceased, formerly Colonel
35th Illinois Infantry, succeeded General Heath as Provisional
Commander.
In 1871, Wingate Post No. 2 was organized at Fort Union ;
Dodd Post No. 8, at Santa Fe, and McPherson Post No. 4, at
Silver City. All these Posts were disbanded in 1873, and the
Provisional Department was discontinued.
Department of New Mexico. 601
reorganization.
Through the efforts principally of Comrade J. C. Walkinshaw,
Commander, Department of Kansas, Thomas Post No. 1, was or-
ganized at Las Yegas, May 30, 1882, and was temporarily attached
to the Department of Kansas. Later it was transferred to the
Department of Colorado as Post 21.
In 1883, Sedgwick Post, Raton, and Carleton Post, Santa Fe,
were chartered as Posts 37 and 39, Department of Colorado.
With these Posts, re-numbered 1, 2 and 3, the Provisional
Department of New Mexico was organized May 28, 1883, by Com-
mander-in-Chief Yan Der Yoort, then returning from an official
visit to the Pacific coast.
The officers of the Provisional Department were : Commander,
Henry M. Atkinson, Santa Fe ; Senior Yice-Commander, J. J.
Fitzgerrell, Las Yegas ; Junior Yice-Commander, T. W. Collier,
Eaton ; Assistant Adjutant-General, W. S. Fletcher, Santa Fe ;
Assistant Quartermaster-General, D. B. Abrahams.
Soon after Posts were established — No. 4, at Wallace ; No. 5,
Albuquerque, and No. 6, Socorro. With these the permanent
organization was completed on July 14, 1883, when Commander
Atkinson was elected Department Commander^ and so served
until February 22, 1884.
Comrade Atkinson served during the rebellion in the 2d Ne-
braska Yolunteer Cavalry. He died October 17» 1886.
ANNUAL MEETINGS.
L July 14, 1883, Santa Fe ; 11. February 22, 1884, Las Yegas ;
in. February 27, 1885, Albuquerque; lY. February 22, 1886,
Socorro ; Y. February 8, 1887, Santa Fe ; YI. March 28, 1888,
Las Yegas.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1883, *Henry M. Atkinson, Post 3, Santa Fe ; 1884, Edward
W. Wynkoop, Post 3, Santa Fe ; 1885, J. J. Fitzgerrell, Post 1,
Las Yegas ; 1886, Elias S. Stover, Post 5, Albuquerque ; 1887,
John Y. Hewitt, Post 10, White Oaks ; 1888, Francis Downs, Post
3, Santa Fe.
* Deceased.
602 Grand Army of the Republic.
senior vice-commanders.
1883, *J. J. Fitzgerrell ; 1884, S. W. Dorsey, Post 2, Raton ;
1885, A. J. Bahney, Post 6, Socorro ; 1886, John A. Miller, Post
7, Silver City ; 1887, Geo. W. Hartman, Post 1, Las Vegas ; 1888,
J. C. Bromagem, Post 1, Las Vegas.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
Provisional, Thos. "W. Collier, Post 2, Raton ; 1883, Geo. W.
Fox, Post 6, Socorro ; 1884, tA. J. Balmey; 1885, S. H. Bogardus,
Post 4, Wallace ; 1886, D. Gochenauer, Post 6, Socorro ; 1887, J.
D. Whitham, Post 12, Kingston ; 1888, Clarence T. Barr, Post 10,
White Oaks.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1883-85, S. Aubright, Post 5, Albuquerque; 1886, W. B. Lyon,
Post 5, Albuquerque; 1887-88, M. W. Bobbins, Post 1, Las
Vegas.
CHAPLAINS.
1883, M. H. Murphy; 1884-88, Thomas Harwood, Post 1,
Las Vegas.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1883-84, W. S. Fletcher, Post 3, Santa Fe ; 1885, Jno. C. Bro-
magem, Post 1, Las Vegas ; 1886, Albert Aubin, Post 5, Albu-
querque ; succeeded by W. H. Whiteman, Post 5 ; 1887, Lee H.
Rudisille, Post 10, White Oaks ; 1888, Jas. H. Purdy, Post 3,
Santa Fe.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1883, June 16 to October 24, D. B. Abrahams, Post 3, Santa
Fe ; October 24, 1883, to December 12, 1884, Franklin Jordan,
Post 3 ; 1885, Orlando Smith, Post 1, Las Vegas ; 1886, Harry R.
Whiting, Albuquerque; 1887, Ed. R. Bonnell, Post 10, White
Oaks ; 1888, Henry M. Davis, Post 3, Santa Fe.
INSPECTORS.
1884, J. AV. Crawford, Post 3, Santa Fe ; 1885, Geo. W. Hart-
man, Post 1, Las Vegas ; 1886, Byron A. Knowles, Post 8, Dem-
ing ; 1887-88, Jno. P. Hylaud, Post 12, Kingston.
* To Department Commander. f To Senior Vice-Commander.
Depaktment of New Mexico. 601:
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1883, C. C. McComas, Post 5, Albuquerque ; 1884, Geo. W.
Fox, Post 6, Socorro ; 1885, A. M. Whitcomb, Post 5, Albuquer-
que ; succeeded by Harry K. Whiting, Post 5 ; 1886, M. A, Bree-
den, Post 3, Santa Fe ; 1887, Jas. H. Purdy, Post 3, Santa Fe ;
1888, W. H. Whiteman, Post 5, Albuquerque.
CHIEF MUSTEBING OFFICERS.
1884, S. H. Bogardus, Post 4, Wallace ; succeeded by W. F.
Crane ; 1885, Chas. P. Duffy ; 1886, Louis Hommel, Post 1, Las
Vegas ; 1887, John H. Mills, Post 6, Socorro ; 1888, Wm. Caffrey,
Post 10, White Oaks.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1883— Thos. W. Collier, Post 2, Katon ; A. J. Bahney, Post 6,
Socorro ; S. H. Bogardus, Post 4, Wallace ; Harry R. Whiting,
Post 5, Albuquerque.
1884— Geo. W. Cook, Post 2, Raton ; J. A. Lockhart, Post 8,
Deming ; W. T. Crane, Post 5, Albuquerque ; John Hill, Post 1,
Las Vegas ; Jas. H. Purdy, Post 3, Santa Fe.
1885— W. F. Crane, Jas. H. Purdy, re-elected ; W. D. Lee, Post
1, Las Vegas ; W. H. Moore, Post 4, Wallace ; E. R. Bonnell, Post
10, White Oaks.
1886 — Jas. H. Purdy, W- D- Lee, re-elected ; Richard Giblin,
Post 4, Wallace ; Robert H. Morselander, Post 6, Socorro ; O. L.
Scott, Post 7, Silver City.
1887— W. D. Lee, O. L. Scott, re-elected ; Ed. Johnson, Post
1, Las Vegas ; John Powers, Post 9, Fort Bayard ; John S. Craw-
ford, Post 12, Kingston.
1888— Eli Caldwell, Post 1, Las Vegas ; Alex. M. Story, Post
12, Kingston ; John Long, Post 2, Raton ; Smith H. Simpson,
Post 3, Santa Fe ; Lee H. Rudisille, Post 10, White Oaks.
The Posts of this Department are (1888) located as follows :
Thomas Post No. 1, Las Vegas ; Sedgwick Post No. 2, Raton ;
Carleton Post No. 3, Santa Fe ; G. K. AVarren Post No. 5, Albu-
querque ; Slough Post No. 6, Socorro ; McRae Post No. 7, Silver
City ; Custer Post No. 8, Deming ; John A. Logan Post No. 9,
0)0-4 Grand Army of the Republic.
Fort Bayard ; Kearny Post No. 10, White Oaks ; U. S. Grant
Post No. 11, Hillsboro' ; Veteran Post No. 12, Kingston ; Lincoln
Post No. 13, Aztec.
" KIT " CARSON MONUMENT.
On Memorial Day, 1885, a monument erected at Santa Fe, in
memory of Brevet Brigadier-General " Kit " Carson, Colonel 1st
Regiment New Mexico Volunteer Cavalry, was dedicated with
imposing ceremonies.
This monument was built by contributions secured by the De-
partment of New Mexico, but mainly through the liberality of
Comrade S. "\V. Dorsey. Several " Kit " Carson Posts of other
Departments also contributed.
DEPARTMENT OF COLORADO.
(Colorado and Wyoming, formerly the Mountain Department.)
Colorado and Wyoming were constituted a Provisional De-
partment November 14, 1868, Dr. F. J. Bancroft, Denver, Com-
mander. In 1869, six Posts were reported, and the Department,
though small in membership, was in good condition up to 1871.
In that year, however, several Posts were disbanded. Posts had
been established at several Army stations in Wyoming, and soon
outnumbered the Posts in Colorado. On January 28, 1875, the
Department of Colorado was abolished, and a new Department
created under the title Mountain Department, including in its
bounds the Territories of Colorado, Wyoming, Utah, Montana
and Dakota.
Andrew Taylor, since deceased, then at Fort Sanders, was ap-
pointed Provisional Commander of the neAv Department, with the
following staflf : Senior Vice-Commander, J. R. Southwick ; Jun-
ior Vice-Commander, Jas. Ferguson, who was later succeeded by
Herman Niemetz; Assistant Adjutant-Cioneral, Henry A. Joy;
succeeded, December 20, 1876, by Frank E. Brown ; Assistant
Quartermaster-General, James Cunniiighaiii.
By the earliest labors of ('ommander Taylor and his associates
a sufficient number of Posts were formed to warrant forming a
Department of Colorado. 605
permanent Department, but Comrade Taylor died November 1,
1879, before this could be effected. The Commander-in-Chief di-
rected a Convention of Posts to be called on December 11, 1879,
at Laramie City, when a permanent Department was formed, with
J. W. Donnellan as Commander.
The changes of regimental stations, however, so weakened the
Department that it was discontinued July 31, 1882, and reverted
to its original condition as the Department of Colorado, with the
Territory of Wyoming attached to it.
The officers of the Mountain Department, during its existence,
other than those above given, were as follows :
Department Commanders. — 1879-80, J. AY. Donnellan, Laramie,
Wyoming Territory ; 1881-82, E. K. Stimson, Denver, Colorado.
Senior Vice- Commanders. — 1880, Jas. S. Lowell ; 1881, H. K.
Miller, Georgetown, Colorado ; 1882, A. P. Curry, Leadville, Col-
orado.
Junior Vice-Commanders. — 1880, Judson H. Rust ; 1881, O. P.
Yelton, Laramie, Wyoming Territory ; 1882, John W. Connor,
Laramie, Wyoming Territory.
Medical Directors. — 1881, J. H. Finfrock, Laramie ; 1882, A.
8. Everett, Denver.
Chaplains.— 1881, Earl Cranston ; 1882, T. E. Palmer.
Assistant Adjutants-General. — 1879-80, Chas. AY. Spalding,
Fort Sanders, Wyoming Territory ; 1881-82, M. J. Fitz Gerald,
Denver.
Assistant Quartermasters-General. — 1881, Geo. H. Kimball;
1882, R. M. Stevenson, Denver.
Inspectors. — 1881, O. R. Butler ; 1882, Leouidas Smith, Boul-
der, Colorado.
Judge-Advocates. — 1881-82, John A. Coulter, Georgetown,
Colorado.
Chief Mustering Officers. — 1881-82, Theo. F. Brown, Denver.
COUNCIL OF administration.
1881 — C. W. Spalding, Laramie City; Will Y^oungson, George-
towrii ; W. J. Watts, Fort Sanders ; Geo. AYest, Golden ; Theo. F.
Brown, Denver.
606 Grand Army of the Republic.
1882 — Will. Youugsoii, re-elected ; F. F. Snyder, Goldeu ; B.
L. Carr, Longmont ; A. M. Sawyer, Boulder ; C. Q. Richmond,
Pueblo.
Department of Colorado.
The Department was reorganized, as above stated, July 31,
1882. The officers of the Mountain Department were continued
as officers of the Department of Colorado for the remainder of
that year.
ANNUAL meetings.
July 31, 1882, January, 1883, January 17, 1884, and January
17, 1885, Denver ; January 27, 1886, Pueblo ; February 11, 1887,
Denver ; February 13, 1888, Denver.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1883, E. K. Stimson, Post 4, Denver ; 1884, Byron L. Carr,
Post 6, Longmont ; 1885, A. Y. Bohn, Post 9, Leadville ; 1886,
Henry Bowman, Post 30, Idaho Springs ; 1887, George Ady. Post
4, Denvej ; 1888, John W. Browning, Post 39, Denver.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1883, A. B. Curry, Post 9, Leadville ; 1884, Geo. T. Breed, Post
8, Pueblo ; 1885, Joseph W. Fisher, Post 33, Cheyenne, Wyoming
Territory ; 1886, M. W. Everleth, Post 22, Colorado Springs ;
1887, John K. Jeffrey, Post 33, Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory ;
1888, Gustav Schnitgar, Post 1, Laramie, Wyoming Territory.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1883, E. H. Sawyer, Post 10, Canon City ; 1884, Henry C. Gl-
uey, Post 28, Lake City ; 1885, A. J. Bean, Post 17, Gunnison ;
1886, John C. Friend, Jr., Post 58, Rawlins, Wyoming Territor}' ;
1887, W. P. Altman, Post 37, Salida ; 1888, H. C. Watson, Post
13, Greeley.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1883-84, Ambrose S. Everett, Post 4, Denver (see Chaplain-
in-Chief, Chapter XXIV) ; 1885, R. H. Dunn, Post 8, Pueblo ;
1886, S. J. Quimby, Post 33, Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory; 1887,
James C. Whitehill, Post 9, Leadville ; 1888, L. Y. Beers, Post 30,
Idaho Springs.
Department of Colorado. 607
chaplains.
1883, T. K. Palmer, Post 5, Boulder ; 1884, C. A. Brooks, Post
9, Leadville; 1885, J. M. Chivington, Post 19, Denver ; 1886, J.
Whistler, Post 4, Denver ; 1887, I. B. Self, Post 10, Canon City ;
1888, J. A. Lennon, Post 4, Denver.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1883, B. K. Kimberly, Post 4, Denver; 1884, Eben White,
Post 6, Longmont ; resigned ; succeeded by L. H. Smith, Post 6 ;
1885, F. E. Miller, Post 9, Leadville ; 1886, E. H. Sawyer, Post 39,
Denver ; 1887, *James A. Lowrie, Post 4, Denver ; died in office,
January 11, 1888 ; succeeded by S. McClanathan, Post 47, Denver ;
1888, Thos. S. Mitchell, Post 42, Denver.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1883, V. M. Carsie, Post 4, Denver ; 1884, Eugene A. Austin,
Post 6, Longmont ; 1885, N. K. Twitchell, Post 37, Salida ; 1886,
D. L Ezekiel, Post 39, Denver; 18^7-88, S. McClanathan, Post
47, Denver.
INSPECTORS.
1883, M. J. Fitz Gerald, Post 4, Denver ; 1884, D. J. Haynes ;
resigned ; succeeded by J. E. Wurtzebach, Post 4, Denver ; 1885,
A. B. Place, Post 39, Denver ; 1886-88, Geo. H. Waterbury, Post
4, Denver.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1883, John A. Coulter, Post 2, Georgetown ; 1884, Dexter T.
Snapp, Post 17, Gunnison ; 1885-86, A. J. Sampson, Post 4, Den-
ver ; 1887, John A. Coulter, Post 2, GeorgetoAvn ; 1888, Thos. M.
Fisher, Post 33, Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1883, T. M. Brown, Post 4, Denver ; 1884, John K. Jeffrey,
Post 33, Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory ; 1885, Geo. Ady, Post 4,
Denver ; 1886, A. F. Ely, Post 8, Pueblo ; 1887, A. Koyal, Post 8,
Pueblo ; 1888, J. M. Essington, Post 8, Pueblo.
* Deceased.
608 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
council of administration.
1884 — W. C. Gibbons, Post 11, Poncho Springs ; Jas. Burrill,
Post 4, Denver ; E. B. Potter, Post 5, Boulder ; J. W. Fisher,
Post 33, Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory ; A. V. Bohn, Post 9,
Leadville.
1885— R. B. Potter, re-elected ; D. L. Holden, Post 8, Pueblo ;
D. W. Bobbins, Post 22, Colorado Springs ; O. P. Yelton, Post
1, Laramie, Wyoming Territory ; M. S. Adams, Post 10, Canon
City.
1886 — M. S. Adams, re-elected ; Amos Millice, Post 6, Long-
mont ; H. C. Watson, Post 13, Greeley ; H. M. Orohood, Post
20, Central City ; J. C. Denny, Post 41, La Junta.
18a7— W. B. Upton, Post 38, Montrose ; Ed. Nashold, Post
31, Breckinridge ; G. De La Yergne, Post 22, Colorado Springs ;
A. J. Woodside, Post 47, Denver ; Gustav Schnitgar, Post 1, Lara-
mie, Wyoming Territory.
1888 — Ed. Nashold, A. J. Woodside, re-elected ; J. C. Kennedy,
Post 4B, Denver ; L. D. Pease, Post 1, Laramie, AYyoming Terri-
tory ; John Baldwin, Post 26, Trinidad.
Legislation.
BURIAL OF veterans.
By an Act approved June 1, 1887, provision is made for the
decent burial of any honorably discharged soldier, sailor or ma-
rine who may die without leaving sufficient means to defray fu-
neral expenses, the expenses of burial not to exceed fifty dollars,
and twenty dollars for a headstone.
exemption from militiv duty, .10
By Act approved March 29, 1887, all persons who served in
the army or navy of the United States, and who have been honor-
aV)ly discharged from siich service, are exempt from enrollment
in the militia of the State, and also from any military p(dl-tax.
By Act approved April 4, 1887, all pensions received from the
United States Government are exempt from execution and attach-
ment under legal process.
Department of Colorado. 609
grand army badge.
The Act approved Marcli 15, 1887, relative to wearing the
badge of the Grand Army of the Republic, contains a provision
in Section 2 not found in any other law on this subject. It is here
given in full :
Section 1 . Any person who shall wilfully wear the badge of the Grand Army of
the Republic, or any other secret society, or who shall use or wear the same to obtain
aid or assistance thereby, within this State, unless he shall be entitled to use or wear
the same under the rules and regulations of the Grand Army of the Republic, or any
other secret society, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon convic-
tion shall be punished bj' imprisonment in the county jail for a t;'rm not exceeding
sixty (60) days, or by fine not exceeding twenty dollars ($30), or by both such fine
and imprisonment.
Sec. 2. It shall be unlawful for any person, firm or corporation to make use of
the consecutive letters " G. A. R." or such other secret society, the symbols of which
are sought to be used for the purpose of advertising a business or place of business,
unless such place of business shall be recognized by the rules and regulations of the
Grand Army of the Republic, or such other secret society. Any person or persons
violating the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and,
upon conviction, shall be punished by a fine of not less than one hundred dollars, or
by confinement in the county jail for a period of not less than six months, or by both
such fine and imprisonment.
SOLDIERS HOME.
Sixty thousand dollars have been subscribed by citizens of
Denver for the erection of a Home for old and disabled soldiers,
sailors and marines.
Articles of incorporation have been granted to A. V. Bohn,
Donal Fletcher, A. Royal, D. H. Moore, A. J. Woodside, Job A.
Cooper, J. A. Lennon, John W. Browning, George West, Geo. A.
Hamilton, J. C. Kennedy and Thos. S. Mitchell.
The Home is located at Montclair, about five miles from Den-
ver, and will when finished accommodate 200 inmates. It is the
intention of the corporators to present the building and grounds
to the State, provided the State will make the necessary appro-
priation for maintenance.
The officers' are : President, Hon. W, S. Decker, Post 4 ; Vice-
President, D. H. Moore, Post 47 ; Treasurer, Job A. Cooper (Gov-
ernor-elect), Post 4; Secretary, Thos. S. Mitchell, Post 42;
General Manager, John A. Lennon, Post 4.
39
610 Grand Army of the Republic.
DEPARTMENT OF UTAH.
The present Post No. 1, of Salt Lake City, was mustered Sep-
tember 18, 1878. The charter-members were *James 13. McKean
(see Senior Vice-Commander-in-Chief, Chapter V), Moses M.
Bane, Geo. R. Maxwell, AVm. Odenheimer, Geo. C. Douglas, W.
W. AVood, E. N. Millford, George Brusch, S. M. Ziegler, Thos. C.
Bailey, S. A. McMillan, John B. Neil, J. Witherell, John M.
Odenheimer, AVm. McKay, E. H. Parsons, Frederick Lockley and
S. N. Sanders.
Prior to this there had been a Post at Fort Douglas composed
of United States soldiers on garrison duty, which had been given
up on a change of stations of the regiment.
In 1879, General Geo. R. Maxwell was apj^ointed Provisional
Commander, and was later succeeded by Captain John B. Neil.
In September, 1880, Dr. Geo. C. Douglas, Surgeon 134th New
York Volunteer Infantry during the rebellion, was appointed
Provisional Commander, and he at once entered on the work of
establishing other Posts.
The permanent Department was organized October 8, 1883,
with the following Posts represented : Post 1, Salt Lake City ;
Post 2, Fort Custer, Montana ; Post 3, Ogden ; Post 4, Bellevue,
Idaho ; Post 5, Lewiston, Idaho ; Post 6, Butte, Montana ; Post 7,
Salmon City, Idaho. Dr. Douglas was elected Department Com-
mander,
DEPARTMENT MEETINGS.
L October 8, 1883, Salt Lake City ; IL March 13, 1884, Salt
Lake City ; IIL March 12, 1885, Ogden ; 1\. April 22, 1880,
Ogden ; V. March 22, 1887, Salt Lake City ; A^I. February 14,
1888, Salt Lake City.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
Provisional, 1880-83, Geo. C. Douglas, Post 1, Salt Lake City ;
Permanent, 1883, Geo. C. Douglas ; 1884, Ransford Smith, Post 3,
Ogden ; 1885, H. C. AVardleigh, Post 3, Ogden ; 1886, Elijah Sells,
Post 1, Salt Lake City ; 1887, Eli H. Murray, Post 1, Salt Lake
City ; 1888, Nathan Kimball, Post 3, Ogden (see portrait, page
516).
* Deceased.
Department of Utah. 611
senior vice-commanders.
1883, J. E. Hudson, Post 3, Ogden ; 1884-85, *Elijah Sells ;
188fi, H. T. Snyder, Post 3, Ogden ; 1887, Geo. C. Kidder, Post
22, Park City; 1888, Henry Page, Post 1, Salt Lake City.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1883, Phil. Grigsby, Post 5, Lewiston, Idako ; 1884, E. H.
Jeanjaquette, Post 7, Salmon City, Idahp ; 1885, J. M. Parsons,
Post 16, Hailey, Idaho ; 1886, W. H. Nye, Post 11, Boise City,
Idaho ; 1887, J. B. Wentley, Post 11 ; transferred to Department
of Idaho ; succeeded by Henry E. Steele, Post 3, Ogden ; 1888, J.
A. Williams, Post 22, Park City, Utah.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1883-85, M. M. Bane, Post 1, Salt Lake City; 1836, H. J. Powers,
Post 1, Salt Lake City ; 1887-88, A. S. Condon, Post 3, Ogden.
CHAPLAINS.
1883-85, T. C. Iliff, Post 1, Salt Lake City ; 1886, T. W. Lin-
coln, Post 1, Salt Lake City ; 1887, Geo. E. Jayne, Post 3, Ogden;
1888, AVinfield S. Hawkes, Post 1, Salt Lake City.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1880-83, Francis M. Bishop, Post 1, Salt Lake City ; 1884, H.
C. Wardleigh, Post 3, Ogden ; 1885, H. T. Snyder, Post 3, Ogden ;
1886, Francis M. Bishop, Post 1, Salt Lake City; 1887, Hugh An-
derson, Post 1, Salt Lake City ; 1888, Jno. L. Clem ; removed to
Columbus, Ohio, April 25 ; succeeded by W. W. Crossman, Post
3, Ogden.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1883-84, Chas. S. Warren, Post 6, Butte, Montana ; 1885-86,
E. W. Piper, Post 3, Ogden ; 1887, H. T. Snyder, Post 3, Ogden ;
1888, E. T. Hulanski, Post 3, Ogden.
INSPECTORS.
1883, A. C. Smith, Post 3, Ogden ; 1884, J. E. Hudson, Post 3,
Ogden ; 1885, L. McCarty ; 1886, J. E. Hudson, Post 3, Ogden ;
* To Department Commander.
G12 Grand Army of the Republic.
1887, T. C. Iliff, Post 1, Salt Lake City ; 1888, Tlios. C. Bailey,
Post 1, Salt Lake City.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1883, AV. W. ■^Voods, Post 1, Salt Lake City ; 1884, ^\. F.
AVlieeler, Post 8, Helena, Montana ; 1885-86, J. AV. Huston, Post
11, Boise City, Idaho ; 1887-88, E. T. Sprague, Post 1, Salt Lake
City.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1883, Chas. S. Warren, Post 6, Butte, Montana ; 1884, Clias.
Shoemaker, Post 6, Butte, Montana ; 1885, T. T. Redsull, Post
4, Belle vue, Idaho ; 1886, T. C. Iliff, Post 1, Salt Lake City ;
1887, H. A. Whitney, Post 1, Salt Lake City ; 1888, James P.
Bradley, Post 1, Salt Lake City.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1883— Ransford Smith, H. C. Kessler, L. B. Stephens, G. R.
Bradley, Post 3, Ogden ; E. Sells, Post 1, Salt Lake City.
1884— J. E. Hudson, Post 3, Ogden ; C. S. Warren, Post 6,
Butte City, Montana ; W. W. Woods, Post 1, Salt Lake City ; T.
T. Redsull, Post 4, Bellevue, Idaho ; L. B. Stephens, Post 3,
Ogden.
1885— J. E. Hudson, re-elected ; S. M. Preshaw and Ransford
Smith, Post 3, Ogden ; O. R. Goodale, Post 20, Eagle Rock, Ida-
ho ; C. Broderick, Post 11, Boise City, Idaho.
1886— W. H. Sells, T. C. Bailey, Post 1, Salt Lake City ; Ben
Johnson, Post 2, Milford ; E. B. Shepherd, Post 22, Park City;
H. C. AVardleigh, Post 3, Ogden.
1887— T. C. Bailey, re-elected ; Ed. Swan, Post 1, Salt Lake
City ; A. M. Bond, Post 3, Ogden ; W. W. Woods, Post 1, Salt
Lake City ; H. J. Powers, Post 3, Ogden.
1888— Thos. Cahoon, Post 1, Salt Lake City ; E. Sells, Post 1,
Salt Lake City; Geo. C. Kidder, Post 22, Park City; Hugh Ander-
son, Post 1, Salt Lake City ; Henry E. Steele, Post 3, Ogden.
The Posts lr)cat<'(l in Aloiitana and Idalio, formerly of the
Department of Utah, have been transferred tv the permanent De-
Department of Oregan. 613
partments now formed in those Territories, and there are now
but three Posts in Utah, namely, Jas. B. McKean Post No. 1,
Salt Lake City ; John A. Dix Post No. 3, Ogden, and W. S. Han-
cock Post No. 4, Park City.
DEPAETMENT OF OREGON.
Baker Post No. 1, Portland, Oregon, was organized in April,
1869, and Canby Post No. 4 was organized May 1, 1873. In Sep-
tember of that year these Posts were consolidated and remained
under the title, Baker-Canby Post, until November, 1876, when it
was disbanded. Other Posts were instituted and a Department
was formed, but it remained in existence but a short time.
On July 18, 1878, a meeting was held in Portland for the or-
ganization of Geo. Wright Post No. 1, which was chartered by
the Department of California. It soon grew to be a strong Post
in numbers and influence. On October 1, 1879, it acted as a
Guard of Honor in the reception given by the citizens to Presi-
dent Hayes.
Later, other Posts were organized in Oregon under charters
from the Department of California, as follows : Meade Post No. 2,
Oregon City, May 6, 1881 ; Garfield Post No. 3, Portland, July 23,
1881 ; Lincoln Post No. 4, Portland, September 8, 1881 ; McPher-
son Post No, 5, Albany, August 15, 1881 ; J. B. Matthews, Post
No. 6, Forest Grove, January 18, 1882 ; J. W. Geary Post No. 7,
Eugene City, January 20, 1882.
In May, 1881, Oregon was constituted a Provisional Depart-
ment, with the following officers : Commander, N. S. Pierce, Port-
land ; Senior Yice-Commander, F. K. Arnold; Junior Vice-Com-
mander, O. Summers ; Assistant Adjutant-General, W. Y. Spencer ;
Assistant Quartermaster-General, T. G. Davidson ; afterwards
succeeded by G. E. Caukin ; Council of Administration — G. E.
Caukin, T. C. Bell, A. Tyler, W. Kapus, A. E. Southwick.
A convention to organize the permanent Department was held
in Portland, September 28, 1882.
Annual Meetings have been since held :
II. February 22, 1883, Portland ; III. February 22, 1884, Sa-
lem ; IV. January 28, 1885, Portland ; V. January 28, 1886, Port-
014 Grand Army of the Republic.
laud ; YI. February 22, 1887, Portland ; YII. February 22, 1888,
Portlaud.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
Provisional, N. 8. Pierce. Permanent, 1882, N. S. Pierce, Post
1, Portland ; 1883, O. E. Caukiu, Post 1, Portlaud ; 1884, F. J.
Babcock, Post 10, Salem ; 1885-86, F. H. Lamb, Post 3, Portland ;
1887, M. L. Olmsted, Post 20, Baker City ; 1888, A. E. Bortliwick,
Post 1, Portland.
SENIOR YICE-COMMANDERS.
1882, F. K. Arnold, Post 3, Portland ; 1883, *F. J. Babcock ;
1884, *F. H. Lamb ; 1885, J. C. Cooper, Post 9, McMinnville ; 1886,
T. C. Smith, Post 10, Salem ; 1887, Z. W. Christopher, Post 3,
Portlaud ; 1888, J. G. Jessup, Post 24, Newport.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1882, Owen Summers, Post 2, Portland ; 18o3, fJ. C. Cooper ;
1884, Geo. A. Harding, Post 2, Oregon City ; 1885, H. M. Greg-
ory, Post 14, Astoria ; 1886, S. J. Finch, Post 20, Baker City ;
18S7, E. G. Hursh, Post 29, Eoseburg ; 1888, L. H. Montanye,
Post 5, Albany.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1882-83, Scolley Parker, Post 2, Oregon City ; 1884-85, W. H.
Saylor, Post 1, Portland ; 1886-87, J. P. Gill, Post 7, Eugene City;
1888, W. W. Royal, Post 12, East Portland.
CHAPLAINS.
1882-84, J. p. Gill, Post 7, Eugene City ; 1885, Frank Story,
Post 1, Portland ; 1886, T. H. Henderson, Post 9, McMinnville ;
1887, James A. Varney, Post 32, The Dalles ; 1888, R. McLean,
Post 39, Grant's Pass.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1882, W. Y. Spencer, Post 3, Portland ; 1883, Z. T. Wright ; re-
signed September 17 ; succeeded by Alfred F. Sears, Post 1, Port-
* To T).-p:irlnijnt Commander. f To Senior Vice-Commander.
Department of Oregon. 015
land ; 1884, T. C. Smith, Post 10, Salem ; 1885-86, Z. W. Chris-
topher, Post 3, Portland ; 1887, A. A. Houston, Post 21, Baker
City ; 1888, R. A. Frame, Post 1, Portland.
ASSISTANT quartermasters-general.
1882, *G. E. Caukin ; 1883, T. G. Davidson, Post 4, Portland ;
1884, Ira Erb, Post 10, Salem ; 1885, E. J. Searle, Post 12, East
Portland ; resigned June 1 ; succeeded by W. J. Shipley, Post 3,
Portland ; 1886, Chas. L. Fay, Post 1, Portland ; 1887, *A. E.
Borthwick ; 1888, H. C. Allen, Post 3, Portland.
inspectors.
1882, E. H. C. Taylor, Post 3, Portland ; 1883, D. D. Neer,
Post 12, East Portland ; 1884, E. B. McElroy, Post 10, Salem ;
1885, Chas. L. Fay, Post 1, Portland ; 1886, D. D. Neer, Post 12,
East Portland ; 1887, A. B. Woodin, Post 5, Albany ; 1888, Henry
Fry, Post 7, Eugene City.
judge-advocates.
1882, S. R. Harrington, Post 1, Portland ; 1883, H. H. North-
up, Post 3, Portland ; 1884, J. W. Rayburn, Post 19, Corvallis ;
1885, Geo. H. Durham, Post 3, Portland ; 1886-87, J. M. Sigliu,
Post 8, Marshfield ; 1888, F. O. McCown, Post 2, Oregon City.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1882, B. B. Tuttle, Post 1, Portland ; 1883, D. H. Stearns, Post
1, Portland ; 1884-85, W. A. Bantz, Post 4, Portland ; 1886, S. B.
Ormsby, Post 11, Silverton ; 1887, W. A. Bantz, Post 4, Portland ;
1888, J. L. Carroll, Post 28, Pendleton.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1882— J. C. Cooper, Post 9, McMinnville ; Geo. 0. Sears, Post
1, Portland ; T. G. Davisou, Post 4, Portland ; E. R. Merriman,
Post 6, Forest Grove ; F. J. Babcock, Post 10, Salem.
1883— W. N. Phillips, Post 5, Albany ; W. A. Bantz, Post 4,
Portland ; T. C. Smith, Post 10, Salem ; A. L. Saylor, Post 9, Mc-
Minnville ; G. a: Harding, Post 2, Oregon City.
* To Department Commander.
GIj Grand Army of the Kepublic.
1884 — Tlieo. Broeraser, Post 14, Astoria ; Geo. Williams, Post
10, Salem ; M. A. C. Robertson, Post 22, ludepeudeuce ; J. B.
Gardner, Post 9, McMinnville ; *S. A. Jones, Post IG, Hood liiver ;
E. D. McMasters, Post 10, Salem, and Z. T. Wright, Post 1, Port-
land, vice Geo. Williams and J. B. Gardner, resigned.
1885— D. W. Matthews, Post 23, Ashland ; T. A. Jordan, Post
1, Portland ; E. J. Searle, Post 12, East Portland ; A. Tjler, Post
G, Forest Grove ; *A. Samuels, Post 19, Corvallis ; J. H. Hiends,
Post 4, Portland.
1886— T. H. Hiends, re-elected ; R. Y. Monteith, Post 14, As-
toria ; Wallace Baldwin, Post 19, Corvallis ; E. Martin, Post 12,
East Portland ; N. S. Pierce, Post 1, Portland.
1887— E. Martin, re-elected ; M. J. Morse, Post 1, Portland ;
Frank Pteisner, Post 7, Eugene City ; J. W. Crawford, Post 10,
Salem ; C. S. Wright, Post 14, Astoria.
1888— E. B. McElroy, Post 10, Salem ; F. M. Johnson, Post 19,
Corvallis ; F. M. Miller, Post 42, Lebanon ; J. P. Darrow, Post
29, Ptoseburg ; H. C. Allen, Post 3, Portland.
Legislation.
Memorial Day has been constituted a legal holiday in Oregon.
The wearing of the Grand Army Badge l)y persons not entitled to
the same, has been made a misdemeanor by act of the Tiegislature.
DEPARTMENT OF IDAHO.
The Posts of this Territory were first organized by and formed
part of the Department of Utah, Post No. 1 having been organ-
ized under charter issued June 1, 1882, by Comrade Geo. 0. Doug-
las, Comander of the Department of Utah, with the following
charter-members : Jay G. Kelley, Wm. E. Davis, Jas. B. Black,
T. T. Redsull, Win. J. Seamons, Henry Henseur, S. M. Thomp-
son, Tlios. Mitclndl, J. D. Burch, L. 1). Woodruff, Isaac Sczoel,
H. C. Wells, Wm. Fleckner, David Wireman,- Anthony Ether,
* Deceased.
Department of Idaho. 017
Sam Friend, G. E. Bradley, J. C. Bradley, J. C. Webber, T. B.
Reed, H. C. Babb.
The officers of the Provisional Department of Idaho, ap-
pointed by General Orders, Headquarters Grand Army of the Re-
public, Madison, September 1, 1887, were : Commander, W. H.
Nye, Post 4, Boise City; Senior Vice-Commander, Chas. A. AYood,
Post 2, Salmon City ; Junior Yice-Commander, W. T. Riley, Post
6, Hailey ; Assistant Adjutant-General, Chas. L. Clark, Post 4,
Boise City ; Assistant Quartermaster-General, Malichi Krebs,
Post 4, Boise City; Council of Administration — A. S. Senter, Post
8, Shoshone ; C. R. Bradley, Post 1, Bellevue ; D. F. Chamber-
lain, Post 7, Eagle Rock ; W. H. Danilson, Post 9 Black Fork ; C.
A. Manning, Post 2, Lewiston.
The Department Commander, Comrade W. W. Nye, had served
five years as Commander of Post No. 4, Boise City.
The permanent Department was organized at Boise City, Jan-
uary 11, 1888, by the Provisional officers and representatives from
Garfield Post No. 1, Bellevue ; Guernsey Post No. 2, Lewiston ;
McPherson Post No. 4, Boise City ; Anderson Post No. 5, Mos-
cow ; E. D. Baker Post No. 6, Hailey ; Joe Hooker Post No. 7,
Eagle Rock ; U. S. Grant Post No. 8, Shoshone ; G. H. Thomas
Post No. 9, Blackfoot ; W. H. L. Wallace Post No. 10, Mont-
pelier ; Canby Post No. 11, Murray, and Nat. Lyon Post No. 12,
Albion.
The following officers were chosen : Department Commander,
Wm. H. Nye, Post No. 4, Boise City ; Senior Yice-Department-
Commander, A. S. Senter, Post 8, Shoshone ; Junior Vice-Depart-
ment-Commander, D. F. Chamberlain, Post 7, Eagle Rock ; Med-
ical Director, A. C. Girard, Post 4, Boise City ; Chaplain, W. H.
Danilson, Post 9, Blackfoot ; Assistant- Adjutant-General, Chas.
A. Clark, Pott 4, Boise City ; Assistant, Quartermaster-General,
M. Krebs, Post 4, Boise City ; Judge-Advocate, Geo. A. Black,
Post 6, Hailey ; Inspector, E. H. Jeanjaquet, Post 3, Salmon City;
Chief Mustering Officer, James Gunn, Post 6, Hailey ; Council of
Administration — W. T. Riley, Post 6, Hailey; G. A. Manning,
Post 2, Lewiston ; C. A. Wood, Post 3, Salmon City ; Samuel Tat-
low, Post 10, Montpelier ; J. J. Owen, Post 14, Moscow.
618 Grand Army of the Republtc.
DEPARTMENT OF MONTANA.
The Territory of Montana was recognized as a Department of
the Grand Army of the Republic as early as February 11, 1868,
with Jas. H. Mills as Provisional Commander,
Idaho and Utah were afterwards added to the Department of
Montana, but the Department had but a brief existence on ac-
count of the then condition of those Territories as to population
and means of communication. The members of the Order in
Montana were mainly soldiers in the regular army, and then sub-
ject to sudden changes of station.
John Buford Post No. 1, at Fort Custer, was organized under
charter granted by E. K. Stimson, Commander Department Col-
orado, February 19, 1881, as No. 15, Department of Colorado.
The Post was later assigned to the Department of Utah, and on
the organization of the Department of Montana, March 16, 1885,
was transferred to it with the title Post No. 1.
The charter-members were J. H. Macomber, Hugo B. Berth,
Samuel Segar, Charles Abbott, Christian Olsen, Cornelius D.
Ruger, Peter Trotter, Dennis Bryne, Joseph Zwisler, George
Fisher, Philip Barnett, Jeremiah Quinn, William Milligan, James
Banning, Robert H. Farrell, George Merriman and ChristojDher
Mclntyre.
In March, 1878, Montana and Dakota were made part of the
Department of the Mountains, and so remained until the latter
was discontinued in 1882.
A Provisional Department organization was effected in 1885, of
Posts located at Fort Custer, Butte, Helena, Deer Lodge, Vir-
ginia City, Livingston, Billings, Bozeman and Glendive, then
attached to the Department of Utah.
The following named were appointed Provisional officers :
Commander, Thos. P. Fuller, Post 8, Helena ; Senior Vice-Com-
mander, Jas. H. Mills, Post 9, Deer Lodge ; Junior Vice-Com-
mander, Horatio S. Howell, Post 12, Virginia City ; Medical
Director, Levi E. Holmes, Post 6, Butte City ; Chaplain, Lyman
Hanna, Post 13, Livingston.
OFFICIAL STAFF.
Assistant Adjutant-General, John Moffitt, Post 8, Helena;
Assistant (^uartermaster-Gfnierjil, Charles S. Warren, Post 6,
Butte ; Judgo-Advocatc, William J. Galbraith, Post 9, Deer
Department of Montana. 019
Lodge ; Chief Mustering Officer, James E. Callaway, Post 12,
Virginia City ; Inspector, Eddy F. Ferris, Post 8, Bozeman.
The Post numbers above given are those of the Department
of Utah.
On March 10, 1885, a convention to organize the permanent
Department was held at Helena. The Posts located at Fort Cus-
ter, Butte, Helena, Deer Lodge, Virginia City, Livingston, Bil-
lings, Bozeman, Missoula and Glendive were represented. The
Provisional Commander, Thos. P. Fuller, was elected Department
Commander.
Annual meetings have since been held as follows :
IL March 9, 1886, Bozeman ; III. February 22, 1887, Butte ;
IV. March 30, 1888, Miles City.
The following have served as officers of the permanent De-
partment :
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1885, Thos. p. Fuller, Post 3, Helena ; 1886, Chas. S. Warren,
Post 2, Butte ; 1887, Ela C. Waters, Post 9, Billing ; 1888, Junius
G. Sanders, Post 3, Helena.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1885, J. H. Mills, Post 4, Deer Lodge ; 1886, Pierce Hoopes,
Jr., Post 12, Glendive ; 1887, H. S. Howell, Post 6, Virginia City ;
1888, Henry Eomeyn, Post 14, Miles City.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1885, Curtis E. Price, Post 1, Fort Custer ; 1886, Will Ken-
nedy, Post 11, Missoula ; 1887, H. C. Kessler, Post 2, Butte ; 1888,
Vining A. Cook, Post 13, Boulder.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1885, Levi E. Holmes, Post 2, Butte ; 1886, Curtis E. Price,
Post 1, Fort Custer ; 1887, G. W. Grant, Post 7, Livingston ; 1888,
Egon A. Koerper, Post 14, Miles City.
CHAPLAINS.
1885, Lyman E. Hanna, Post 7, Livingston ; 1886, J. H. Ma-
comber, Post 1, Fort Custer; 1887, Pt. B. Smith, Post 3, Helena;
1888, S. A. Wallace, Post 9, Billings.
C)20 Grand Army of the Eepubltc.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1885, John Moffitt, Post 3, Helena ; 1886, Levi E. Holmes,
Post :', Butte ; 1887, E. C. Webster, Post 14, Miles City ; 1888,
John Moffitt, Post 3, Helena.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1885, Chas. S. Warren, Post 2, Butte ; 1886, Howard H. Zenor,
Post 4, Deer Lodge ; 1887, J. E. Goss, Post 9, Billings ; 1888, Ar-
chie O. Simons, Post 3, Helena.
INSPECTORS.
1885, H. S. Howell, Post 6, Yirginia City ; 1886, George O.
Eaton, Post 10, Bozeman ; 1887, Henry Eomeyn, Post 14, Miles
City ; 1888, George W. Grant, M. D., Post 7, Livingston.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1885, James E. Goss, Post 9, Billings ; 1886, Wm. J. Gal-
braith. Post 4, Deer Lodge ; 1887, W. F. Sanders, Post 10, Boze-
man ; 1888, Jas. E. Callaway, Post 6, Virginia City.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1885, J. E. Callaway, Post 6, Virginia City ; 1886, Wm. Sims,
Post 3, Helena ; 1887, Eoss Deegan, Post 3, Helena ; 1888, J. D.
Jenks, Post 2, Butte.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1885— M. P. Wyman, Post 12, Glendive ; P. E. Dolman, Post
2, Butte ; D. J. McMillan, Post 9, Deer Lodge ; W. H. H. Dickin-
son, Post 11, Missoula ; Eddy S. Ferris, Post 10, Bozeman.
188fr— Lester S. Willson, Post 10, Bozeman; Jas. H. Mills, Post
4, Deer Lodge ; Jas. E. Callaway, Post 6, Virginia City ; E. C.
Webster, Post 14, Miles City ; John L. Sloane, Post 11, Missoula.
1887— Pierce Hoopes, Jr., Post 7, Livingston ; E. E. Fisk, Post
3, Helena; C. L. F. Wyman, Post 2, Butte; AVill Kennedy, Post
11, Missoula ; E. F. Ferris, Post 10, Bozeman.
1888— M. C. Wilkinson, Post 1, Fort Custer; L. S. Willson,
Post 10, Bozeman ; C. S. Slioemaker, Post 2, Butte ; J. L. Sloane,
Post 11, Missoula ; A. S. Kellogg, Post 13, Boulder.
Department of Montana. 621
The Posts of the Department are located as follows : John
Buford Post No. 1, Fort Custer ; Lincoln Post No. 2, Butte ;
Wadswortli Post No. 3, Helena; Geo. H. Thomas Post No. 4,
Deer Lodge ; Custer Post No. 5, Sheridan ; Frank P. Blair Post
No. 6, Virginia City ; Farragut Post No. 7, Livingston ; Stead-
man Post No. 8, Dillon ; Alfred Sully Post No. 9, Billings ; Wil-
liam English Post No. 10, Bozeman ; Fred. Winthrop Post No.
11, Missoula ; Thos L. Kane Post No. 12, Glendive ; J. B. Mc-
Pherson Post No. 13, Boulder ; U. S. Grant Post No. 14, Miles
City ; John A. Logan Post No. 15, Billings ; Geo. G. Meade Post
No, 16, Anaconda ; Thos. Francis Meagher Post No. 17, White
Sulphur Springs.
WASHINGTON TEEPJTOEY.
For the History of this Department, see pages 648-650.
CHAPTER XXXI.
SOUTHERN DEPARTMENTS
INCLUDING
VIRGINIA, WEST VIRGINIA, TENNESSEE AND GEORGIA, FLORIDA,
LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPI, KENTUCKY, ARKANSAS, TEXAS.
DEPAETMENT OF VIRGINIA.
Virginia was constituted a Provisional Department, February
10, 1868, Geo. T. Egbert, Richmond, Provisional Commander.
Prior to that time the Posts organized in Virginia were attached
to the Department of the Potomac.
On June 8, 1869, P. A. Davis succeeded Commander Egbert,
and he was succeeded December 14, 1870, by J. H. Remington, of
Portsmouth. The remaining officers of the Provisional Depart-
ment were. Assistant Adjutant-General, H. Carlisle ; Assistant
Quartermaster-General, W. H. Appenzeller ; Inspector, S. B.
Kenuey ; Council of Administration, P. C. Asserson, Jos. T. Nel-
son and Isaac Mullen. Eight Posts were then in existence, Avith
215 members.
A meeting of the Provisional Department was held January
26, 1871, in Portsmouth. The convention to effect a permanent
organization assembled at Richmond, July 27,1871. Posts repre-
sented : Grant Post No. 1, Richmond ; Sheridan Post No. 2, Rich-
mond ; Post No. 3, Norfolk ; Farragut Post No. 4, Portsmouth ;
Ellsworth Post No. 5, Alexandria ; Theodore AVinthrop Post No.
6, Hampton ; Piatt Post No. 7, Portsmouth ; Coix Post No. 8,
Norfolk ; Geo. H. Thomas Post No. 9, Hampton ; J. T. Greble
Post No. 10, Hampton, and A. Lincoln Post No. 11, Hampton.
ANNUAL ENCAMPMENTS.
I. July 27, 1871, Richmond ; II. January 17, 1872, Alexan-
dria ; 1 n. January 15, 1873, National Soldiers' Home, Hampton ;
LC221
Department of Virginia. 623
IV. January 21, 1874, Portsmouth ; V. January 20, 1875, National
Home ; VI. January 20, 1876, Portsmouth ; VII. January 17,
1877, Norfolk ; VIII. January 16, 1878, Portsmouth ; IX. Janu-
ary 15, 1879, National Home ; X. January 15, 1880, Portsmouth ;
XL January 19, 1881, Norfolk ; XII. January 18, 1882, National
Home ; XIII. January 25, 1883, Portsmouth ; XIV. January 31,
1884, National Home ; XV. January 29, 1885, Portsmouth ; XVI.
February 4, 1886, Norfolk ; XVII. February 26, 1887, Eichmond ;
XVIII. January 25, 1888, National Home.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1871-72, Hazlett Carlisle, Post 1, Portsmouth; 1873, S. B.
Kenney, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1874, W. N. Eaton, Post 1, Ports-
mouth ; 1875-76, W. H. Appenzeller, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1877,
Wm. Rider, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1878, R. G. Staples, Post 1,
Portsmouth ; 1879, Richard Bond, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1880, A.
B. Hurlbut, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1881, W. Harvey King, Post 1,
Portsmouth; 1882-83, P. T. Woodfin, Post 3, National Home;
1884, B. C. Cooke, Post 10, Richmond ; 1885-86, H. de B. Clay,
Post 17, Newport News ; 1887, Selwyn E. Bickford, Post 17, Hamp-
ton ; resigned, owing to illness ; died December 17, 1887 ; Jno. W.
Woodman was elected to fill the vacancy ; 1888, John W. Wood-
man, Post 1, Portsmouth.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1871, J. M. Thatcher, Post 5, Alexandria ; 1872, Isaac Mullen,
Post 6, Portsmouth ; 1873, J. T. Wilson, Post 7, Norfolk ; 1874,
John Miller, Post 6, Portsmouth ; 1875, Philip Ritzer, Post 15,
Hampton ; 1876, John Miller, Post 6, Portsmouth ; 1878, Andrew
Evans, Post 3, National Home ; 1879, J. F. Frick, Post 3, National
Home ; 1880, L. H. Chandler, Post 3, National Home ; 1881, Au-
gust Zarotsky, Post 3, National Home ; 18^2, J hn Miller, Post 7,
Portsmouth ; 1883, J. E. Fuller, Post 2 Norfolk ; 1884, Nelson
Proctor, Post 8, Portsmouth ; 1885, Francis Culp, Post 3, Na-
tional Home ; 1886, J. B. H. Goff, Post 17, Newport News ; 1887,
John W. Woodman ; promoted to Department Commander ; suc-
ceeded as Senior Vice-Commander by Wm. Washington, J. V. C ;
1888, Wm. Washington, Post 14, Yorktown.
624 Grand Army of the Republic.
junior vice-commanders.
1871, Isaac Mulliu, Post 7, Portsmoutli ; 1872, A. H. McNnlty,
Post 11, Culpepper ; 1873, Rufus Jones, Post 9, Hampton ; 1874,
AV. D. Lee, Post 9, Hampton ; 1875-76, Jas. E. Fuller, Post 2,
Xorfolk ; 1877, Edward Daley, Post 8, National Home; 1878, ^\m.
Teenier, Post 2, Norfolk ; 1879, Jas. E. Fuller, Post 2, Norfolk ;
1880, Daniel Langley, Post 2, Norfolk ; 1881, Alex. Oglesby, Post
5, Norfolk ; 1882, Tlios. P. Jones, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1883, AVm.
J. Randall, Post 9, Hampton ; 1884, *Francis Gulp ; 1885, Rufus
S. Jones, Post 9, Hampton ; 1886, M. D. Meekins, Post 2, Nor-
folk ; 1887, Wm. Washington, promoted to Senior Vice, December
21, 1887, and J. Thos. Vance, Post 16, National Home, was elected
to fill the vacancy ; 1888, Bernard Garvey, Post 3, National
Home.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1871-72, L. D. Seymour, Post 6, Hampton ; 1873, C. McDer-
mott. Post 5, Hampton ; 1874-75, S. B. Kenney, Post 3, Ports-
mouth ; 1876, Jos. T. Wilson, Post 7, Norfolk ; 1877, L. Hayes
Shields, Post 3, Hampton ; 1878, W. K. Hammond, Post 1, Ports-
mouth ; 1879, S. B. Kenney, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1881, E. B.
Johnson, Post 3, National Home ; resigned ; succeeded by Wm.
Silloway, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1882, Louis Phillipoteaux, Post 3,
National Home, Hampton ; 1883, Henry Lamar, Post 1, Ports-
mouth ; 1884, Dennis Murphy, Post 3, National Home ; 1885,
Lewis Walters, Post 16, National Home ; 1886-87, D. G. Sterling,
Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1888, Philip Mohr, Post 23, Claremont.
CHAPLAINS.
1871, L. H. York, Post 10, Fredericksburg ; 1872-73, R. G.
Staples, Post 3, Portsmouth ; 1874-75, A. C. Fuller, Post 3, Ports-
mouth ; 1876, Wm. Rider, Post 3, Portsmouth ; 1877, Wm. Teemer,
Post 2, Norfolk ; 1878, Jas. E. Fuller, Post 2, Norfolk ; 1879, W.
J. Manning, Post 4, Richmond ; 1880-86, Wm. Teemer, Post 2,
Norfolk; 1887-88, Andrew Smith, Post 2, Norfolk.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1871, Max Cohn, Post 4, Portsmouth ; 1872, R. B. Taylor, Post
4, Alexandria ; 1873, W. N. Eaton, Post 3, Portsmouth ; 1874, M.
" To Senior Vice-Commander.
Department of Virginia. 625
J. Eose, Post 3, Portsmouth ; 1875, W. N. Eaton, Post 3, Ports-
mouth ; 1876, S. B. Kenney, Post 3, Portsmouth ; 1877, W. N.
Eaton, Post 3, Portsmouth ; 1878, A. B. Hurlbut, Post 1, Ports-
mouth ; 1879-81, W. N. Eaton, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1882-83,
Wm. P. Sands, Post 3, National Home ; 1884, M. K. Lloyd, Post
10, Kichmond ; 1885-86, W. P. Sands, Post 3, National Home ;
1887, W. P. Bainbridge, Post 17, Hampton ; resigned ; succeeded
by James Kennedy, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1888, W. N. Eaton, Post
1, Portsmouth.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1871-74, W. H. Appenzeller, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1875-76, J.
B. Dempsey, Post 3, Portsmouth ; 1877, Jas. Booth, Post 3, Ports-
mouth ; 1878, Eichard Bond, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1879, Wm. H.
Appenzeller, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1880, John F. Frick, Post 3,
National Home ; 1^81, Wm. H. Appenzeller, Post 1, Portsmouth ;
1882-86, W. N. Eaton, Post 3, Portsmouth ; 1887-88, John W.
Eutter, Post 1, Portsmouth.
INSPECTORS.
1871-72, W. N. Eaton, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1873, S. S. Lin-
coln, Post 3, Portsmouth ; 1874, J. B. Dempsey, Post 3, Ports-
mouth ; 1875-77, John F. Frick, Post 15, Hampton ; 1878, John
Poland, Post 3, National Home ; 1879, Harrison Gaffney, Post 1,
Portsmouth ; 1880, A. C. Fuller, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1881, Thos.
P. Jones, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1882, Joseph Patten, Post 3, Na-
tional Home ; 1883-84, Eichard Bond, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1885,
Jas. F. Clegg, Post 1, Portsmouth ; resigned April 20 ; succeeded
by S. E. Bickford, Post 17, Hampton ; 1887, H. de B. Clay, Post
17, Hampton ; 1888, J. Thos. Vance, Post 16, National Home.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1871, J. H. Eemington, Post 4, Portsmouth ; 1872, W. Wil-
loughby. Post 4, Alexandria; 1874, Levi C. Thayer, Post 3, Ports-
mouth ; 1875, J. N. Everett, Post 3, Portsmouth ; 1876, E. G.
Staples, Post 3, Portsmouth ; 1877, Eichard Bond, Post 3, Ports-
mouth ; 1878-79, Geo. W. Eandall, Post 4, Eichmond ; 1880, W.
Hervey King, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1881-82, H. B. Nichols ; 1883,
Thomas Leahy, Post 11, Eichmond ; 1884, W. P. Sands, Post 3,
40
()2r) Grand Ainrv of the Hepublic.
National Home ; 1885-87, "W. H. Palmer, Post o, Norfolk ; died
October 28, 1887, ami AVm. N. Eaton, Post 1, Portsmouth, ap-
pointed to vacancy ; 1888, E. L. Hobson, Post 11, Piclimond.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1874-75, John Lawton, Post 3, Portsmouth ; 1876, Richard
Bond, Post 3, Portsmouth ; 1877, A. B. Hurlbut, Post 1, Ports-
mouth ; 1878, Harrison Gaffney, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1879, A. B.
Hurlbut, Post 1, Portsmouth ; 1880, H. B. Nichols, Post 1, Ports-
mouth; 1881, Frank Williams, Post 3, National Home; 1882, J. E.
Fuller, Post 2, Norfolk ; 1883-84, S. B. Kenney, Post 1, Ports-
mouth; 1885-86, J. F. Berry, Post 10, Richmond; 1887-88, Patrick
Hannon, Post 3, National Home.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1871 — Lysander Hill, Post 5, Alexandria ; W. P. Austin, Post
1, Richmond ; H, B. Nichols, Post 4, Portsmouth ; John Gibson,
Post 7, Norfolk ; Wm. Mullany, Post 6, Hampton.
1872— Lysander Hill, re-elected ; M. D. Meekins, Post 7, Nor-
folk ; Levi H. York, Post 10, Fredericksburg ; Clias. W. Hoyne,
Post 11, Culpepper ; Samuel C. Tompkins, Post 8, Hampton.
1873 — Martin McDevitt, Post 8, Hampton ; John Miller, Post
6, Portsmouth ; A. C. Fuller, Post 3, Portsmouth ; Daniel Lang-
ley, Post 7, Norfolk ; F. A. Schroeder, Post 15, Hampton.
187J— H. Carlisle, Post 3, Portsmouth ; P. C. Asserson, Post
3, Portsmouth ; Jas. Copeland, Post 6, Portsmouth ; Hamilton
Hodges, Post 6, Portsmouth ; N. V. Carne}^ Post 6, Portsmouth.
1875 — James Booth, Post 3, Portsmouth ; Nelson Carney, Post
6, Portsmouth ; AVm. Teemer, Post 7, Norfolk ; AVm. Randall, Post
9, Hampton ; Jos. M. Owens, Post 15, Hampton.
187f)— Jas. N. Everett, Post 3, Portsmouth ; John Pugh, Post
6, Portsmouth ; Wilson Gatewood, Post 7, Norfolk ; John Healy,
Post 15, Hampton ; S. S. Collins, Post 14, Norfolk.
1877— Robert Smith, Post 1, Portsmouth ; William Gait, Post
2, Norfolk ; John Baker and August Zarotsky, Post 3, National
Hoiiip ; SainiK'l .T. Anable, Post 4, Richmond.
* Deceased.
Depaetment of Virginia. 627
1878— Wm. N. Eaton, Post 1, Portsmouth ; Stephen Wilson,
Post 2, Norfolk ; Edward Dailey and J. T. Prick, Post 3, National
Home ; W. J. Manning, Post 4, Richmond.
1879 — Wm. J. Applebee, Post 1, Portsmouth ; Daniel Langley,
Post 2, Norfolk ; Herbert Davidson, Post 3, National Home ;
George Walcott, Post 4, Richmond ; Wm. Turner, Post 5, Nor-
folk.
1880 — Jas. Kennedy, Post 1, Portsmouth ; James Fenderson,
Post 2, Norfolk ; John Folan, Post 3, National Home ; Samuel
Simpkins, Post 5, Norfolk ; Nelson Carney, Post 7, Portsmouth.
1881 — Jas. Kennedy, re-elected ; Stephen Wilson, Post 2, Nor-
folk ; Thomas Webb, Post 3, National Home ; George Lecatur,
Post 5, Norfolk ; Armistead Johnson, Post 8, Princess Anne
County.
1882 — Geo. Beatty, Post 1, Portsmouth ; Daniel Langley, Post
2, Norfolk ; Hugh Kerr, Post 3, National Home ; Walter S. Wil-
son, Post 5, Norfolk ; Alexander Gordon, Post 7, Portsmouth.
1883— A. C. Fuller, Post 1, Portsmouth ; Severn S. Collins,
Post 2, Norfolk ; P. R. McGregor, Post 3, National Home ; W.
Diggs, Post 9, Hampton ; C. W. Burr, Post 10, Richmond.
1884 — Henry Lamar, Post 1, Portsmouth ; A. C. Carter, Post
2, Norfolk ; W. J. Manning, Post 10, Richmond ; Lewis Walters,
Post 16, National Home ; W. H. Palmer, Post 5, Norfolk.
1885 — Henry Lamar, re-elected ; J. Reardon, Post 3, National
Home ; Peter Morton, Post 10, Richmond ; J. M. Burnett, Post
11, Richmond ; Jacob Hefflefinger, Post 17, Newport News.
1886— R. G. Staples, Post 1, Portsmouth ; C. F. Wolf, Post 3,
National Home ; Thos. Fox, Post 10, Richmond ; J. Vauotty, Post
16, National Home ; Wm. Couch, Post 17, Newport News.
1887— M. R. Lloyd, Post 10, Richmond ; M. H. Haas, Post 26,
Chesapeake City ; Jordan Williams, Post 2, Norfolk ; Michael
Robinson, Post 16, National Home ; R. Babe, Post 26, National
Home.
1888— R. P. Wheeler, Post 27, Norfolk ; Wm. Hughes, Post 3,
National Home ; Wm. Eagan, Post 10, Richmond ; M. Robinson,
Post 16, Hampton ; Fred. Noerlinger, Post 26, Chesapeake City.
(128 Grand Army of the Republic.
The numbers of the Posts in Yirginia were changed in 1872
and again in 1876.
The following Posts of other States are attached (1888) to this
Department : Post 15, AVilmington, North Carolina ; Post 22,
Newbern, North Carolina ; Post 29, Beaufort, South Carolina.
DEPARTMENT OF WEST VIRGINIA.
West Virginia was originally constituted a Provisional De-
partment April 9, 1868, with General John S. Witcher, of Wheel-
ing, as Commander.
The Adjutant-General, Grand Army of the Republic, reported
the formation of a permanent Department, with seventeen Posts,
September 12, 1868, but no returns were made to National Head-
quarters. Early in 1871, the Department was formally declared
disbanded.
REORGANIZATION.
In the fall of 1880, principally through the efforts of H. V.
Daniels, of Harper's Ferry, Post No. 1 was organized at Martins-
burg, and received a charter from National Headquarters. In
November, 1880, Comrade W. H. H. Flick was appointed Com-
mander of a Provisional Department, and H. V. Daniels, Assistant
Adj utaut-Generai.
The convention to form a permanent Department met in
Clarksburg, February 20, 1883, with eleven Posts represented.
Annual meetings have been held as follows :
I. February 20, 18S8, Clarksburg ; II. March 20, 1884, Par-
kersburg ; III. May 25, 1885, Wheeling ; IV. April 26, 188(5,
Wheeling; V. April 27, 1887, Fairmont; VI. April 25, 1888,
Westou.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1880-3884, W. H. H. Flick, Post 1, Martinsburg ; 1885, Chas.
B. Smitli, Post 14, Parkersburg; 1886, Jolin Carlin, Post 12,
\Vli('<diiig ; died while so serving, March, 1887 ; succeeded by
Department of "West Yirginia. 629
Geo. W. Taggart, Post 14, Parkersburg ; 1887, Lee Haymond,
Post 8, Clarksburg ; 1888, Eufus E. Fleming, Post 6, Fairmont.
senior vice-commanders.
1883, I. H. Duval, Post 9, Wellsburg ; 1884, E. S. Northcott,
Post 8, Clarksburg ; 1885, *John Carlin ; 1886, *Lee Haymond ;
1887., *E. E. Fleming ; 1888, S. S. Hazen, Post 14, Parkersburg.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1883, tE. S. Northcott; 1884, *Clias B. Smith; 1885, fLee
Haymond ; 1886, tE. E. Fleming ; 1887, E. H. Freer, Post 36,
Eitchie Court House ; 1888, Geo. J. Walker, Post 28, Jackson
Court House.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1883-84, D. P. Morgan, Post 8, Clarksburg ; 1885, John E.
Smith, Post 12, AVheeling ; 1886, M. S. Hall, Post 36, Harrisville ;
1887-88, J. J. Morgan, Post 49, Buckhannon.
CHAPLAINS.
1883, Thos. C. Miller, Post 6, Fairmont ; 1884, John Carlin,
Post 12, Wheeling ; 1885-88, E, M. W^allace, Post 8, Clarksburg.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1880-85, H. V. Daniels, Post 1, Martinsburg ; 1886-87, F. H.
Crago, Post 12, Wheeling ; 1888, Thos. A. Maulsby, Post 6, Fair-
mont.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1883, J. H. Bristor, Post 1, Martinsburg ; 1884, E. G. Bartlett,
Post 1, Martinsburg ; 1885, J. L. Buckley, Post 14, Parkersburg ;
1886-88, Thos. C. Miller, Post 6, Fairmont.
INSPECTORS.
1883, E. G. Bartlett, Post 1, Martinsburg ; 1884, J. E. Smith,
Post 12, Wheeling ; 1885, Van H. Bukey, Post 14, Parkersburg ;
1886-87, Phineas Gano, Post 33, West Union ; 1888, Josiah Sin-
clair, Post 48, Benwood.
* To Department Commander. f To Senior Yice-Commander.
6S0 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1883, S. P. McCormick, Post 7, Grafton ; 1884-86, I. H. Duval,
Post 9, Wellsburg ; 1887, T. G. Field, Post 14, Parkersburg ; 1888,
Heury C. Fleslier, Post 28, Jackson Court House.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS,
1883, M. Eagen, Post 14, Parkersburg ; 1884-86, M. S. Kiley,
Post 8, Clarksburg ; 1887, Thos. A. Fleming, Post 6, Fairmont ;
1888, L. A. Martin, Post 73, Charleston.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1883 — Alex. C. Moore, Post 8, Clarksburg ; Geo. V. Eatliman,
Post 1, Martinsburg ; T. A. Fleming, Post 6, Fairmont ; E. G.
Bartlett, Post 1, Martinsburg ; Henry Haymond, Post 8, Clarks-
burg.
1884 — Alex. C. Moore, Geo. V. Eatliman, re-elected ; Geo. W.
Taggart, Post 14, Parkersburg ; B. F. Malone, Post 12, Wheeling ;
Jos. Barker, Post 18, New Cumberland.
1885— B. F. Malone, re-elected ; E. S. Northcott, Post 8,
Clarksburg ; G. K. Mallory, Post 14, Parkersburg ; L. G. Brock,
Post 21, Moundsville ; Benj. Harvey, Post 9, Wellsburg.
1886— E. S. Northcott, re-elected ; E. H. Freer, Post 36, Eit-
chie Court House ; I. H. Duval, Post 9, "Wellsburg ; Geo. "W.
Taggart, Post 14, Parkersburg ; D. E. King, Post 32, Bellville.
1887— D. E. King, re-elected ; E. A. Bennett, Post 4, Hunting-
ton ; T. H. Marks, Post 9, Wellsburg ; W. J. Kerns, Post 8,
Clarksburg ; Chas. E. Anderson, Post 50, AVeston.
1888 — Chas. E. Anderson, re-elected ; Dixon E. King, Post 32,
Bellville ; C. E. Irwin, Post 86, Wheeling ; O. M. Clemens, Post
14, Parkersburg ; John Schafer, Post 44, Volcano.
DEPAETMENT OF KENTUCKY.
Kentucky was first constituted a Provisional Department in
January, 1.S67. Thomas V>. Fairleigh, A^^ E. Eiley and H. K. Mil-
ward in turn served as Provisional Commanders. Though reports
Depaktment of Kentucky. 631
were made to Natirual Headquarters up to 1874, no roster of offi-
cers or other details seem to have been preserved.
Post 2, Covington, was first chartered as Post 195, Department
of Ohio. A number of the charter-members were previously con-
nected with Geo. H. Thomas Post No. 13, Cincinnati.
Captain James C. Michie, of Covington, was appointed Pro-
visional Commander ; AV. H. Harton, Newport, Senior Vice-Com-
mander ; G. W. Northup, Louisville, Junior Vice-Commander ;
W. G. Allen, Covington, Assistant Adjutant-General ; O. A. Eey-
nolds, Covington, Assistant Quartermaster-General ; J. H. Fisher,
Inspector ; S. T. Jack, Chief Mustering Officer, and L. R. Ha-
thorn, T. E. Livezey and C. H. Baldwin, Council of Adminis-
tration.
A permanent Department was formed at Covington, January
16, 1883.
ANNUAL MEETINGS.
January 16, 1883, Covington ; March, 1884, Louisville ; March
27, 1885, Newport ; April 16, 1886, Louisville ; April 13, 1887,
Louisville ; April 17, 1888, Maysville.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1882, Provisional, James C. Michie ; 1883, Jas. C. Michie, Post
2, Covington ; 1884, W. H. Harton, Post 1, Newport ; 1885, G. W.
Northup, Post 6, Louisville ; 1886, T. Z. Morrow, Post 20, Somer-
set ; 1887, AVm. Bowman, M. D., Post 9, Tollesboro' ; 1888, O. A.
Heynolds, Post 2, Covington.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1883, *"W. H. Harton ; 1884, *Geo. AV. Northup ; 1885, D.
O'Riley, Post 8, Leitchfield ; 1886, *Wm. Bowman ; 1887, J. D.
Forrester, Post 6, Louisville ; 1888, Vincent Boring, Post
52, London.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1883, tG. AY. Northup ; 1884, tD. O'Eiley ; 1885, O. A. Rey-
nolds ; 1886, tJ. D. Forrester ; 1887, *0. A. Reynolds ; 1888, M.
Mintou, Post 6, Louisville.
* To Department Commander. f To Senior Vice-Commander.
032 Grand Army of the Republic.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1884, Wm. Bowman, Post 9, Tollesboro' ; 1886, H. S. Woods,
Post 8, Leitchlield ; 1887, B. Letcher, Post 46, Henderson ; 1888,
J. T. Huff, Post 9, Plummer's Landing.
CHAPLAINS.
1883, *Clias. Baldwin, Post 2, Covington ; died June, 1883 ;
1884, O. A. Reynolds, Post 2, Covington ; 1886, S. D. Van Pelt,
Post 15, Danville ; 1887-88, W. H. Childers, Post 63, Tollesboro'.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1883, W. G. Allen, Post 2, Covington; 1884, Clias. Rade-
macher, Post 1, Newport ; 1885, F. C. Losey, Post 6, Louisville ;
1886, H. G. Trimble, Post 20, Somerset ; 1887, A. S. Cole, Post 9,
Fearis ; 1888, W. A. Newton, Post 2, Covington.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1883, O. A. Reynolds, Post 2, Covington ; 1884, L. R. Haw-
thorn, Post 1, Newport ; 1885, A. AVhedon, Post 6, Louisville ;
1886, C. B. Owens, Post 20, Somerset ; 1887, S. G. Hillis, Post 9,
Fearis ; 1888, S. T. Jack, Post 2, Covington.
INSPECTORS.
188S-85, R. B. Caldwell, Post 6, Louisville ; 1886, Ed. Helpp,
Post 21, Lebanon ; 1887-88, D. O'Riley, Post 8, Leitchfield.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1884, T. Z. Morrow, Post 20, Somerset ; 1885, John Speed,
Post 6, Louisville ; 1886, W. J. AVorthiugton, Post 26, Greenup ;
1887, M. C. Hutchins, Post 13, Maysville ; 1888, E. H. Kilpatrick,
Post 1, Newport.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1883-84, S. T. Jack, Post 2, Covington ; 188(5, T. E. Livezey,
Post 2, Covington ; 1887, Edward Helpp, Post 21, Lebanon ; 1888,
E. Dailey, Post 2, Covington.
* Deceased.
Department of Tennessee and Georgia. 633
council of administration.
1883— T. E. Livezey, Post 2, Covington ; L. K. Hawthorn, Post
1, Newport ; C. H. Baldwin, Post 2, Covington.
1884 — T. E. Livezey, L. R. Hawthorn, re-elected ; Edward
Helpp, Post 21, Lebanon ; Geo. A. Metzel, Post 1, Newport ; W.
H. Alexander ; J. D. Wilson.
1885 — T. E, Livezey, Geo. A. Metzel, re-elected ; J. Paul Jones,
Post 14, Ashland; Wm. Bowman, Post 9, Tollesboro'; J. B. Fish-
back, Post 4, Louisville.
1886—0. A. Reynolds, Post 2, Covington ; D. O'Riley, Post 8,
Leitchfield ; Chas. Blanford, Post 19, Hardensburg ; J. B. Nail,
Post 6, Louisville ; L. M. Drye, Post 21, Lebanon.
1887— T. E. Livezey ; S. G. Hillis, Post 9, Concord ; G. E.
Currie, Post 16, Dayton ; J. Hensler, Post 6, Louisville ; M. C.
Hutchins, Post 13, Maysville.
1888— T. E. Livezey, S. G. Hillis, M. C. Hutchins, re-elected ;
F. C. Miller, Post 1, Newport ; A. Whedon, Post 75, Louisville.
department HISTORIANS.
1887, R. M. Kelly, Louisville ; 1888, Patrick Rush, Post 60,
"Woodsonville.
MEMORIAL DAY.
Comrade S. G. Hillis, of Concord, Kentucky, a member of the
House of Representatives, presented a bill in the Legislature of
1887-88, making Memorial Day a legal holiday in that State,
which was adopted. The measure received the vote of every
member who had been in the Confederate service.
The same Legislature also passed a bill authorizing the loan
of arms and equipments to Posts.
DEPARTMENT OF TENNESSEE AND GEORGIA.
Posts were first organized in Tennessee in the fall of 1866
and a Provisional Department was formed December 30 of that
year. It was organized as a permanent Department, August 18,
634 (rRAXD Army of the Republic.
1868, F. W. Sparling, Commauder. The reports for December
31, 18(58, showed seventeen Posts then in existence. The Post at
Nashville at one time numbered 600 members.
In 1868, the following served as officers of the Department :
Commander, F. W. Sparling, Nashville ; Senior Vice-Commander,
Euos Hoj^kius, Nashville ; Junior Vice-Commander. E. A. Otis,
Nashville ; Medical Director, J. A. Fason, Liberty ; Chaj)lain,
Jonathan Huntington, Nashville ; Council of Administration — W.
P. Innis, J. H, Paramore, Michael Walsh, B. J. Sheridan, Marcus
Grant, all of Nashville ; Assistant Adjutant-General, Wm. Gray,
Nashville ; Assistant Quartermaster-General, A. S. Chadburn,
Nashville ; Inspector, A. E. Alden, Nashville.
The Grand Army, however, could not be then maintained in
the State, and the organization soon ceased to exist.
REORGANIZATION.
In May, 1883, Comrade Edward S. Jones, Nashville, Tennessee,
undertook the work of establishing Posts in Tennessee, and was
appointed Provisional Commander, with A. W. AVills, Assistant
Adjutant-General. Four Posts, with 136 members, were soon or-
ganized.
A permanent Department was effected February 26, 1884,
with Colonel Edward S. Jones as Commander, and he was re-
elected in 1885. Colonel Jones was born in Pennsylvania, and
served during the war as Colonel 3d Pennsylvania Cavalry. He
took a great interest in the organization, and his death, on No-
vember 25, 1886, was caused by a cold contracted while forming
a Post among the members of the Loyal 1st Alabama Cavalry in
the mountains of Alabama.
DEPARTMENT ENCAMPMENTS.
I. February 26, 1884, Nashville ; 11. February 26, 1885, Chat-
tanooga, Tennessee ; III. February 26, 1886, Atlanta, Georgia ;
IV. April 14, 1887, Knoxville ; V. April 26, 1888, Athens, Ten-
nessee.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS,
1883, Provisional, Edward S, Jones, Post 1, Nashville. Perma-
nent, 1884-86, Edward S. Jones ; died in office, November 25,
1886 ; succeeded, Decemlxa- 1, 1886, by E. E. Winters, who was on
Department of Tennessee and Georgia. 635
that date elected by the Council of Administration ; 1887, W. J.
Kamage, Post 14, Knoxville ; 1888, William Rule, Post 14, Knox-
ville.
SENIOR VICE-COMMAIIDERS.
1884, S. S. Garrett, Post 3, Memphis ; 1885, W. S. Marshall,
Post 2, Chattanooga ; 1886, Henry R. Gibson, Post 14, Knoxville ;
resigned July 12 ; succeeded by Rev. T. C. AVarner, Post 2, Chat-
tanooga ; 1887, J. H. Van Deman, Post 2, Chattanooga ; 1888, A.
E. Sholes, Post 44, Augusta, Georgia.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1884, Newton T. Real, Post 17, Rogersville ; 1885, C. L. Wil-
son, Post 21, Atlanta, Georgia ; 1886, *A. E. Sholes ; 1887, W. H.
Hunter, Post 49, Rirmingham, Alabama ; 1888, C. A. Reckert,
Post 24, Cullman, Alabama.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1884, Frank Weise, Post 1, Nashville ; 1885, C. A. Reckert,
Post 24, Cullman, Alabama ; 1886, J. H. Van Deman, Post 2,
Chattanooga ; 1887, T. H. Kearney, Post 14, Knoxville ; 1888, E.
H. Price, Post 2, Chattanooga.
CHAPLAINS.
1884, W. J. Smith, Post 3, Memphis ; 1885, T. C. Warner, Post
2, Chattanooga ; 1886, E. M. Cravath, Post 1, Nashville ; 1887-88,
J. F. Spence, Post 25, Athens.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1883, A. W. Wills, Nashville ; 1884, James Chamberlin, Post
1, Nashville ; 1885, W. J. Watson, Post 1, Nashville ; 1886, E. E.
Winters, Post 1, Nashville; elected Department Commander;
succeeded as Assistant Adjutant-General, by W. O. Gallagher, Post
1 ; 1887, W. A. Gage, Post 14, Knoxville ; 1888, Frank Seaman,
Post 14, Knoxville.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1884, P. M. Radford, Post 1, Nashville ; 1885, Henry Trauer-
nicht. Post 1, Nashville ; 1883, W. M. Woodcock, Post 1, Nash-
ville ; 1887-88, Ignaz Fanz, Post 14, Knoxville.
* To Senior Vice-Commaader.
6£6 Grand Army of thp: Republic.
inspectors.
1884, Henry R. Hinkle, Post 6, Savannah ; 1885, Newton T.
Real, Post 17, Rogersville ; 1886, Hamilton C. Oldroyd, Post 45,
Chattanooga; 1887, J. B. Woolson, Post 2, Chattanooga; 1888, H.
C. Whitaker, Post 46, New Market.
JUD G E- AD VOC ATES.
1884, L. A. Gratz, Post 14, Knoxville ; 1885-86, Jas. O. Pierce,
Post 3, Memphis ; 1887-88, W. J. Smith, Post 3, Memphis.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1884, J. T. Wolverton, Post 7, Adamsville ; 1885, Chas. W. Nor-
wood, Post 2, Chattanooga ; 1886, L. T. HoUand, Post 31, Tulla-
homa ; resigned June 28 ; succeeded by Carter D. Harrison, Post
23, Murfreesboro' ; 1887, D. D. Snyder, Post 21, Atlanta, Georgia ;
1888, J. W. Miller, Post 14, Knoxville.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1884^Edward M. Main, Post 1, Nashville ; T. B. Edgington,
Post 3, Memphis ; Peter Martin, Post 4, Nashville; A. B. Wilson,
Post 8, Greeneville ; Samuel Long, Post 17, Rogersville.
1885— J. J. Heuser, Post 1, Nashville ; H. F. Temple, Post 2,
Chattanooga ; G. W. Whitfield, Post 10, Pulaski ; J. N. Moore,
Post IS, Bulls Gap ; A. B. Hays, Post 24, Cullman, Alabama.
1886 — A. J. Gahagan, Post 2, Chattanooga ; E. E. Winters, Post
1, Nashville ; AY. R. Carter, Post 14, Knoxville ; M. J. P. Nesbit,
Post 22, Chattanooga ; W. H. Hunter, Post 49, Birmingham, Ala-
bama.
1887— M. J. P. Nesbit, re-elected ; E. N. Edmonds, Post 49,
Birmingham, Alabama ; Newton Hacker, Post 35, Jonesl)oro' ; W.
J. Watson, Post 1, Nashville ; C. W. Norwood, Post 45, Chatta-
nooga.
1888— M. J. P. Nesbit, re-elected ; Chris. Bathman, Post 45,
Chattanooga ; I. B. Kinkead, Post 1, Nashville ; L. A. Gratz,
Post 14, Knoxville ; W. J. Ramage, Post 14, Knoxville.
All of the 64 Posts reporting to this Department (1888) are lo-
cated in Tennessee, except the following : Post 21, Atlanta, Geor-
Department of Florida. 637
gia ; Post 24, Cullman, Alabama ; Post 44, Augusta, Georgia ;
Post 49, Birmingham ; Post 53, Huntsville, and Post 54, Double
Springs, Alabama.
DEPAKTMENT OF FLOKIDA.
Florida was constituted a Provisional Department in Febru-
ary, 1868, with Clias. Mundee, Tallahassee, as Commander. He
was succeeded by Colonel C. M. Hamilton, who served until Feb-
ruary 5, 1871, when Horatio Jenkins was appointed. The Pro-
visional Department was discontinued January 28, 1875, all the
Posts in Florida having been then abandoned.
Early in 1880 a Post was chartered at Warrington, composed
principally of men working in the Navy Yard, and a Provisional
Department was formed, with L. ^Y. Kowley as Provisional Com-
mander. On July 9, 1884, a permanent Department was estab-
lished with six Posts : Nos. 1 and 2, at Warrington ; No. 3, Key
West ; No. 4, Jacksonville ; No. 5, Eustis ; No. 6, Jacksonville ;
No. 7, Longwood.
Officers of the Department have served as follows :
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1884, Frank N. Wicker, Post 3, Key West ; 1885, T. S. Wil-
marth. Post 4, Jacksonville ; 1886, G. H. Norton, Post 5, Eustis ;
1887, E. W. Henck, Post 7, Longwood ; 1888, Wm. James, Post 4,
Jacksonville.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1884, *T. S. Wilmarth ; 1885, *G. H. Norton ; 1886, W. W.
Hunt, Post 7, Longwood ; 1887, *Wm. James ; 1888, J. W. V. E.
Plummer, Post 3, Key West.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1884, tG. H. Norton ; 1885, Geo. B. Loud, Post 2, Warrington ;
1886, tWm. James ; 1887, fJ. W. V. E. Plummer ; 1888, A. L. Cole,
Post 7, Palatka.
* To Department Commander. t To Senior Vice-Commander.
638 Grand Army of the Republic.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
ISSo-Sfi, J. W. y. R. Plummer, Post 3, Key West ; 1887, A. L.
Cole, Post 12, Palatka ; 1888, W. Kelrner, Post 10, Orlando.
CHAPLAINS.
1885-86, Samuel D. Paine, Post 4, Jacksonville ; 1887, S. F.
Gale, Post 4, Jacksonville ; 1888, Dennis Spencer, Post 12, Pa-
latka.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1884, W. H. Horr, Post 3, Key West ; 1885, Samuel W. Fox,
Post 4, Jacksonville ; 1886, Jas. A. Pine, Post 5, Eustis ; 1887, E.
H. Cheney, Post 10, Orlando ; 1888, S. W. Fox, Post 4, Jack-
sonville.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1885, S. C. Thompson, Post 4, Jacksonville ; 1886, B. F. Adams,
Post 5, Eustis ; 1887, G. W. Lewton, Post 7, Longwood ; 1888,
Chas. M. Ellis, Post 4, Jacksonville.
INSPECTORS.
1885, Wra. Emraerson, Post 5, Eustis ; 1886, H. P. Bussey,
Post 10, Orlando ; 1887, J. De Y. Hazzard, Post 5, Eustis ; 1888,
Jas. A. Pine, Post 5, Eustis.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1885, David S. Neval, Post 1, Warrington ; 1886, S. W. Fox,
Post 4, Jacksonville ; 1887, O. W. Bromwell, Post 12, Palatka ;
1888, Geo. W. Lewton, Post 7, Longwood.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1885, D. W. Herrick, Post 5, Eustis ; 1886-87, Wm. Emmer-
son, Post 5, Eustis.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1885— B. F. Stearns, Post 2, Warrington ; G. W. Lewton, Post
7, Longwood ; P. E. McMurray, Post 4, Jacksonville ; James A.
Pine, Post 5, Eustis ; Frank Franklin, Post 6, Jacksonville.
Depabtment of Louisiana and Mississippi. 089
1886— Frank Franklin, re-elected ; John T. Talbot, Post 4,
Jacksonville ; B. B. Campbell, Post 10, Orlando ; S. P. Hatch,
Post 7, Longwood ; S. P. Chapman, Post 5, Eustis.
1887— C. S. Shattuck, Post 10, Orlando ; T. L. Kogers, Day-
tona ; D. ^Y. Herrick, Post 5, Eustis ; E. M. Corwin, Post 4, Jack-
sonville ; J. S. Dean, Post 12, Palatka.
1888— C. S. Shattuck, re-elected ; G. W. Cooley, Post 7, Long-
wood ; A. E. Papy, Post 14, St. Augustine ; C. F. Avery, Post 12,
Palatka ; C. C. Moulton, Post 5, Eustis.
DEPARTMENT OF LOUISIANA AND MISSISSIPPL
(Formerly Department of the Gulf.)
At the National Encampment in Philadelphia, January 15,
1868, Adjutant-General Stephenson reported receipt of $130 for
dues and fees from the Department of Louisiana, a sum twice as
much as paid by any other Department and over one-third of the
whole amount received by him. At that meeting H. C. War-
mouth was elected a member of the National Council of Adminis-
tration.
Adjutant-General Chipman later reported that Louisiana had
been made a Provisional Department in January, 1867, and was
organized as a permanent Department, July 8, 1867 ; H, C. War-
mouth, Commander ; C. H. Merritt, Assistant Adjutant-General.
No reports were filed of membership, but ten Posts had been
then organized, mainly composed of men still in the military
service, and these largely of colored soldiers. As they were from
time to time mus-ored out of service, the Posts gradually dis-
banded, a natural result under the circumstances, yet hastened by
the intense feeling of opposition then manifested to any meetings
of Union soldiers and sailors in that section.
reorganization.
Jos. A. Mower Post No. 1 was organized in New Orleans, April
10, 1872, with the following charter-members : Joseph Mark,
James H. Wright, W. G. James, York A. Woodward, Charles A.
640 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
Meyers, Isidore McCormack, Charles Barnard, Joliu S. Nissen, B.
S. Burroughs, Joseph H. Lawler, F. AV. Harrison, D. A. Wood-
worth, Frank Lee, Van II. K. Hilliard and F. H. Whittaker.
Beginning with these fifteen members, this Post gradually ex-
tended its influence by a careful selection of those eligible to
membership. The Post, early in its history, undertook the work
of securing funds to erect a Soldiers' and Sailors' Monument in
the Chalmette National Cemetery, being aided to some extent by
Posts and comrades in the North, through a request endorsed by
Headquarters, Grand Army of the Republic. *
On March 28, 1883, the States of Louisiana, Mississipiji, Ala-
bama and Texas were formed in a Provisional Department, to be
known as the Department of the Gulf, with the following officers :
Commander, Chas. Theil, Post 1, New Orleans ; Senior Yice-
Commander, William Roy, Post 1, New Orleans ; Junior Yice-
Commander, AVilliam Hamlett, Post 1, New Orleans ; Medical
Director, W. H. Harrison, Post 2, Baton Rouge ; Chaplain, Yan R.
K. Hilliard, Post 1, New Orleans ; Assistant Adjutant-General,
William Wright, Post 2, New Orleans ; Assistant Quartermaster-
General, James B. Ludwick, Post 1, New Orleans ; Judge-Advo-
cate, Chas. Rice, Post 1, New Orleans ; Inspector, Henry Street,
Post 1, New Orleans ; Chief Mustering Officer, York A. Wood-
ward, Post 1, New Orleans.
McPherson Post No. 1 had been previously organized at Sher-
man, Texas.
On Ajjril 10, 1883, Harney Post No. 2 was organized at Baton
Rouge, and later, T. O. Howe Post No. 3, New Orleans, and E. J.
Davis Post No. 2, Galveston, Texas, were chartered.
The permanent Department was organized at New Orleans,
May 15, 1884, with Comrade Wra. Roy, Post 1, New Orleans, as
Commander. In 1885 the Posts in Texas were detached from the
Department of the Gulf to form the Department of Texas.
By General Orders from National Headquarters, dated June
13, 188H, the title. Department of the Gulf, was changed to Depart-
ment of Louisiana and Mississippi.
Meetings of the Department have been held in New Orleans as
follows :
L INIay 15, 1884; II. May 10, 1885; IIL March 30, 1880-
IV. April 11, 1887 ; Y. March 12, 1888.
Department of Louisiana and Mississippi. 041
department commanders.
1884, William Key, Post 1, New Orleans ; 1885, James W.
Scully, Post 3, New Orleans ; 1886, A. S. Badger, Post 1, New
Orleans ; 1887, A. S. Graham, Post 3, New Orleans ; 1888, Jacob
Gray, Post 1, New Orleans.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1884, John Donaldson, Post 1, New Orleans ; 1885, James B.
Ludwick, Post 1, New Orleans ; 1886, J. W. Garlepier, Post 4,
New Orleans ; 1887, P. H. Boyle, Post 1, New Orleans ; 1888, F.
A. Olroyd, Post 2, New Orleans.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1884, *William Simpson, Post 3, New Orleans ; died in 1887,
in California ; 1885, Henry Schorten, Post 2, Baton Kouge ; 1886,
D. J. Farney, Post 3, New Orleans ; 1887, H. C. Bartlett, Post 3,
New Orleans ; 1888, J. E. Commons, Post 5, New Orleans.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1884-85, W. H. Harrison, Post 2, Baton Eouge ; 1886-88, J. B.
Yandegriflf, Post 3, New Orleans.
CHAPLAINS.
1884-88, Van R. K. Hilliard, Post 1, New Orleans.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1884, William Wright, Post 1, New Orleans ; 1885, A. S. Gra-
ham, Post 3, New Orleans ; 1886, E. V. Hitch, Post 1, New Or-
leans ; 1887, C. H. Shute, Post 1, New Orleans ; 1888, W. G.
James, Post 1, New Orleans.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1884, J. B. Ludwig, Post 1, New Orleans ; 1885, Henry Street,
Post 3, New Orleans ; 1886, P. H. Boyle, Post 1, New Orleans ;
1887, S. M. Eaton, Post 1, New Orleans ; 1888, P. H. Boyle, Post
1, New Orleans.
* Deceased.
41
642 Grand Army of the Republic,
INSPECTORS.
188-1, Henry Street, Post 3, New Orleans ; 1885, D. J. Farney,
Post o. New Orleans ; 1886, Henry Scliorten, Post 2, New Orleans ;
1887-88, Gaspar Slabouski, Post 3, New Orleans.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1884-85, CLas. S. Rice, Post 1, New Orleans ; 1886, Samuel
Mullen, Post 3, New Orleans ; 1887, Henry Heidenliain, Post 1,
New Orleans ; 1888, E. Stewart Dennee, Post 5, New Orleans.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1884, Alex. Kulin, Post 8, New Orleans ; 1885, Jas. H. Wright,
Post 1, New Orleans ; 1886, Louis Vogel, Post 5, New Orleans ;
1887, R. Stewart Dennee, Post 5, New Orleans ; 1888, H. C. Bart-
lett, Post 3, New Orleans.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1884— C. C. Tracy, Post 1 ; H. Scliorten, Post 2 ; Wm. Arms,
J. Stone, A. Y. Mallory.
1885 — C. C. Tracy, re-elected ; John De Long, Post 2 ; Chas.
H. Wise-, Post 3 ; Thos. Stone, Post 4 ; INF. W. Harmore, Post 5.
1886— C. C. Tracy, C. H. Wise, re-elected ; H. C. Blessing,
Post 2 ; Gustav Hankert, Post 4 ; Frederick Brunner, Post 5.
1887— C. C. Tracy, F. Brunner, Gustav Hankert, *C. H. Wise,
re-elected ; C. H. Shute, Post 1.
1888— F. Brunner, re-elected ; M. M. Fuller, Post 1 ; AVm.
Wright, Post '.. ; C. H. Ross, Post 3 ; F. A. Bradley, Post 4.
The Posts of this Department (1888) are located as follows:
Jos. A. Mower Post No. 1, New Orleans ; Harney Post No. 2,
Baton Rouge. ; and T. O. Howe Post No. 3, A. Lincoln Post No. 4,
and Custer Post No. 5, New Orleans.
* Deceased.
Department of Arkansas. 643
DEPARTMENT OF ARKANSAS.
Arkansas was represented in the Indianapolis (1866) Encamp-
ment by Brigadier-General Robert F. Catterson, formerly Colonel
97tli Indiana. A Provisional Department was organized April
18, 1867.
Colonel Logan H. Roots, of Little Rock, represented the De-
partment at the National Encampment in Washington, May, 1870,
and was then elected member of the National Council of Admin-
istration. Five Posts had been organized, but the political com-
plications in that State prevented the organization of other Posts,
and soon compelled the disbandment of those previously formed.
REORGANIZATION.
Comrade Stephen Wheeler, of Fort Smith, Arkansas, was ap-
pointed Provisional Commander by Commander-in-Chief Van
Der Voort, July 1, 1883, at which date five Posts were in exist-
ence : Post 1, Little Rock ; Post 2, Fort Smith ; Post 3, Conway;
Post 4, Galloway ; Post 5, Hot Springs, and Post 6, Eureka
Springs.
On April 18, 1884, a permanent Department was formed at a
meeting held at Hot Springs, and Provisional Commander Wheeler
was elected Department Commander.
Annual meetings of the Department have been held :
L April 10, 1884, Hot Springs; IL April 8, 1885, Eureka
Springs ; III. April 14, 1883, Little Rock ; IV. April 27, 1887,
Fort Smith ; V. March 13, 1888, Fayetteville.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1883, Provisional, Stephen Wheeler ; 1884, Stephen Wheeler,
Post 2, Fort Smith ; 1885, C. M. Barnes, Post 2, Fort Smith; 1886,
Chas. C. Waters, Post 1, Little Rock ; 1887, Thomas Boles, Post
2, Fort Smith ; 1888, S. K. Robinson, Post 2, Fort Smith.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1883, Provisioned, M. Mitchell; 1884, Tobien ; 1885,
R. E. Jackson, Post 5, Hot Springs ; 1886, David Greaves, Post 5,
Hot Springs ; 1887, S. D. Gilbreath, Post 14, West Fork ; 1888,
Ira A. Church, Post 39, Texarkana.
(U4 Grand Army of the IIepublic.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1883, PwvishnaJ, R. E. Jackson ; 1884, Clarke W. Harrington ;
1885, W. S. Whitten, Post 1, Little Hock ; 1886, James Gates, Post
9, Siloam Springs : 1887, M. Kirst, Post 17, Little Rock ; 1888, W.
C. Roberts, Post 34, Huntsville.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1885, W. W. Johnson, Post 6, Eureka Springs ; 1836, Geo. R.
Weeks, Post 1, Little Rock ; 1887, W. W. Bailey, Post 2, Fort
Smith ; 1888, S. P. Sample, Post 14, West Fork.
CHAPLAINS.
1885, W. H. Manary, Post 18, Judsonia ; 1886, W. A. Clark,
Post 5, Hot Springs; 1887-88, James Mitchell, Post 2, Fort
Smith.
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1883-84, *Cassius M. Barnes, Post 2, Fort Smith ; 1885, S. K.
Robinson, Post 2, Fort Smith ; 1886, W. G. Akers, Post 1, Little
Rock ; 1887, *S. K. Robinson, Post 2, Fort Smith ; 1888, C. M.
Barnes, Post 2, Fort Smith.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1884-85, Hubbard Stone, Post 2, Fort Smith ; 1886, N. W.
Cox, Post 1, Little Rock ; 1887-88, Stephen Wheeler, Post 2, Fort
Smith.
INSPECTORS.
1884, I. W. Carhart, Post 5, Hot Springs ; 1885, Frank Pease,
Post 13, Crystal Spring ; 1886, D. C. Rugg, Post 5, Hot Springs ;
1887, Aug. Fischer, Post 21, Sub Rosa ; 1888, Thomas Brooks,
Post 19, Fayette ville.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1884, C. C. Waters, Post 1, Little Rock ; 1885, J. M. Pomeroy,
Post 17, Little ]{()ck ; 1886, S. H. Sherlock, Post 2, Fort Smith ;
1887, H. C. (Caldwell, Post 17, Little Rock ; 1888, Oscar D. Scott,
Post 39, Texarkana.
* To Department Commander.
Department of Texas. 645
chief mustering officers.
1884, J. W. True, Post 6, Eureka Springs ; 1885, Gideon S.
White, Post 14, West I^ork ; 1886, S. K. Robinson, Post 2, Fort
Smith ; 1887, C. M. Barnes, Post 2, Fort Smith ; 1888, S. M. Ptob-
erts. Post 4, Bentonville.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1885— S. D. Gilbreath, Post 14, West Fork ; Burgess Nevels,
Post 12, Pine Bluff ; John Wilson, Post 16, Mauntainburg ; M.
Kirst, Post 17, Little Rock ; Geo. Kidwell, Post 20, Burnsville.
1886— S. D. Gilbreath, M. Kirst, re-elected ; Thos. Boles, Post
2, Fort Smith ; James Mitchell, Post 23, Fort Smith ; W. J. Price,
Post 27, Rogers,
1887— H. F. Mons, Post 1, Little Rock ; C. M. Barnes, Po.st 2,
Fort Smith ; D. C. Rugg, Post 5, Hot Springs ; Logan H. Roots,
Post 17, Little Rock ; Lafayette Gregg, Post 19, Fayetteville. •
1888 — Logan H. Roots, Lafayette Gregg, re-elected ; Powell
Clayton, Post 6, Eureka Springs ; S. D, Gilbreath, Post 14, West
Fork ; A. M. Adams, Post 1, Little Rock.
By General Orders from Headquarters Grand Army of the
Republic, that part of the Indian Territory embraced in the
Choctaw, Cherokee and Chickasaw Nations has been added to the
Department of Arkansas.
DEPARTMENT OF TEXAS.
Texas was first constituted as a Provisional Department, Sep-
tember 10, 1868, E. J. Davis, Austin, Provisional Commander.
The organization of a permanent Department was effected at
Austin, February 12, 1872, when twelve Posts had been char-
tered.
The officers elected at this Encampment were : Department
Commander, E. J. Davis ; Senior Yice-Commauder, J. C. De
Gress ; Junior Vice-Commander, A. G. Malloy ; Medical Director,
V. H. Coffman ; Chaplain, George W. Honey ; Council of Admin-
646 Grand Army of the Republic.
istratiou — Lowry L. Moore, Henry Orsay, Heury Muller, W. R.
Maxwell ami Charles Parker. James Davidson was appointed
Assistant Adjutant-General, and represented the Department ao
the National Encampment, Cleveland, Ohio, May 8, 1872. No re-
ports were afterwards made to National Headquarters, and the
Department organization was soon disbanded owing to the causes
before referred to as affecting all other Southern States.
In 1876 the Post at Sherman was revived and a Provisional
Department was constituted, with S. B. Wright as Commander and
S. B. Helwig, Assistant Adjutant-General. In 1883, Post 1, Sher-
man, was assigned to the Department of the Gulf.
REORGANIZATION.
A permanent Department Avas formed of the Posts in Texas,
March 25, 1885.
ANNUAL MEETINGS.
I. March 25, 1885 ; 11. March, 1886, Dallas ; III. April 21,
1887, Galveston ; IV. April 11, 1888, Austin.
DEPARTMENT COMMANDERS.
1885, W. D. Wylie, Post 6, Dallas ; 1886, O. T. Lyon, Post 1,
Sherman ; 1887, W. H. Sinclair, Post 2, Galveston ; 1888, J. C.
De Gress, Post 10, Austin.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1885, F. K. Sturgis, Post 2, Galveston ; 1886, A. K. Taylor,
Post 9, Houston ; 1887, Daniel Webster, Post 5, Denison ; 1888,
R. B. Baer, Post 9, Houston.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1885, F. W. Bradley, Post 4, Fort Worth ; 1886, A. H. Bennett,
Post 4, Fort Worth ; 1887, A. G. Leflfel, Post (), Dallas ; 1888,
Samuel Emerson, Post 4, Fort Worth.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1886, W. H. Deal, Post 7, Cleburne ; 1887-88, C. B. Stoddard,
Post 10, Austin.
Department of Texas. Ott?
CHAPLAIN.
1886-88, David Perkins, Post 9, Houston
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1885, Geo. W. Hjnson, Dallas ; 1886, John Donalson, Post 1,
Sliermau ; resigned February 16, 18i7 ; succeeded by Daniel
Webster, Post 1 ; 1887, W. H. Griffin, Post 2, Galveston ; 1888, J.
M. Odell, Post 10, Austin.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1886, Daniel AVebster, Post 1, Sherman ; 1887-88, A. K. Tay-
lor, Post 9, Houston.
INSPECTORS.
1886, John Cochran, Post 1, Sherman ; 1887, J. P. Richardson,
Post 10, Austin ; 1888, S. C. Slade, Post 19, El Paso.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1887, W. D. Wylie, Post 6, Dallas ; 1888, J. P. Richardson,
Post 10, Austin.
CHIEF MUSTERING OFFICERS.
1887, *M. D. Kent, Post 4, Fort Worth ; died July 24, 1887 ;
1888, J. N. Diehl, Post 4, Fort Worth.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1886— * John Bell, M. D., Post 6, Dallas ; AY. H. Sinclair, Post
2, Galveston ; C. Dickson, Post 7,' Cleburne ; M. D. Kent, Post 4,
Fort Worth ; J. P. Newcomb, Post 3, San Antonio.
1887— AV. A. Stannard and J. Lee Burton, Post 2, Galveston ;
S. C. Noble, Post 9, Houston ; L. B. Moore, Post 5, Denison ; R.
B. Baer, Post 9, Houston.
1888— D. S. Brown, Post 4, Fort Worth ; John M. Foss, Post
11, Dallas ; J. H. Pratt, Post 17, Fort Clark ; S. C. Slade, Post 19,
El Paso ; J. J. Anderson, Post 10, Austin.
* Deceased. See portrait of Dr. Bell, page 89.
648 Grand Army of the Republic.
Posts of the Depiirtmeut are now located as follows : 1, Sher-
man ; 2, Galveston ; 3, San Antonio ; 4, Fort Worth ; 5, Denison ;
6, Dallas ; 9, Houston ; 10, Austin ; 11, Dallas ; 12, Gainesville ;
13, AVills Point ; 14, Howe ; 15, Pink Hill, Grayson ; 16, Wliites-
boro' ; 17, Fort Clark ; 18, McKinney ; 19, El Paso ; 20, Lam-
pasas ; 21, Temple ; 22, Laredo ; 23, Denton ; 24, Georgetown ;
25, Paris.
In addition to the Department organizations in the South, in
the States above named. Departments, both provisional and per-
manent, were formed in 1868 and later, in North Carolina, South
Carolina, Georgia, Alabama and Mississippi.
The officers of the Departments, and also of Posts, were mainly
veterans holding positions under the National Government in the
Internal Revenue or Postal service and in the Bureau of Freed-
men. Without much more complete records it would be of little
service to attempt to trace the history of these Departments.
As shown above, there are now a large number of Posts in the
South, and these will doubtless be increased in the near future.
DEPARTMENT OF WASHINGTON TERRITORY.
Stevens Post No. 1 was organized at Seattle, in 1878,' with
thirteen charter-members. A Provisional Department was con-
stituted July 10, 1878, and Comrade F. C. Sparling Avas appointed
Provisional Commander. He was succeeded, April 17, 1883, by
Comrade Geo. D. Hill, of Post 1, Seattle ; and on June 20, 1883, a
permanent Department was organized at Olympia, seven Posts
being then represented.
Meetings of the permanent Department have been held as
follows :
I. June 20, 1883, Olympia; 11. April 16, 1884, Vancouver ; III.
April 15, 1885, Vancouver ; IV. April 21, 1886, AValla-Walla ; V.
April 20, 1887, Tacoma ; VI. April 18, 1888, Seattle.
Department of Washington Territory. 649
department commanders.
1883, Geo. D. Hill, Post 1, Seattle ; 1884, Henry A. Morrow,
Post 2, Vancouver ; 1885, A. M. Brookes, Post 1, Seattle ; 1886, C.
M. Holton, Post 9, Yakima ; 1887, A. P. Curry, Post 8, Spokane
Falls ; 1888, John W. Sprague, Post 6, Tacoma.
SENIOR VICE-COMMANDERS.
1883, F. F. Adams, Post 4, Walla-Walla ; 1884, *Jolin H. Smith,
4, Walla-AValla ; 1885, C. H. Stone, Post 6, Tacoma ; 1883, fA. P.
Curry ; 1887, O. B. Johnson, Post 1, Seattle ; 1888, S. G. Cos-
grove, Post 22, Pomeroy.
JUNIOR VICE-COMMANDERS,
1883, H. A. Bigelow, Post 6, Tacoma; 1884, |C. H. Stone; 1885,
G. A. Miller, Post 19, Colfax ; 1886, J. P. Burns, Post 3, Dayton ;
1837, J. T. Berry, Post 2^, Chehalis ; 1888, Wm. McMicken, Post
5, Olympia.
MEDICAL DIRECTORS.
1883, H. C. Bostwick, Post 6, Tacoma ; 1884, T. T. Minor, Post
1, Seattle ; 1885, J. Kandolph Smith, Post 2, Vancouver ; 1886, N.
G. Blalock ; 1887-88, H. C. Bostwick, Post 6, Tacoma.
CHAPLAINS,
1883, D. G. Le Sourd, Post 5, Olympia ; 1884-85, N. F. Bolton,
Post 2, Vancouver ; 1886, M. M. Bane, Post 8, Spokane Falls ; 1887,
D. P, Quinn, Post 15, Port Townsend ; 1888, T, Brouilette, Post 7,
Toledo,
ASSISTANT ADJUTANTS-GENERAL.
1883, A. Slorah, Post 1, Seattle ; 1884, Thos. C. Bell, Post 2,
Vancouver; 1885, *A. E. Alden, Post 6, Tacoma; 1886, J. T.
Kingsbury, Post 9, Yakima ; 1887, M. D, Smith, Post 23, Cheney;
1888, H. F. Garretson, Post 6, Tacoma.
ASSISTANT QUARTERMASTERS-GENERAL.
1883-84, James R. Hayden, Post 5, Olympia ; resigned ; suc-
ceeded by James Conner ; 1885, G. G. Lyon, Post 1, Seattle ; 1886,
* Deceased. f To Department-Commander. t To Senior Vice-Commander.
650 Grand Army of the Republic.
J. (). CLirk, Tost '.), Yakima; 1887, AV. (). Fowler, Tost 8, Spokane
Falls ; 1888, J. A. C. McCoy, Post 6, Tacoma.
INSPECTORS.
1883-84, W. a. Latimer, Post 1, Seattle ; 1885, R. G. O'Brien,
Post 5, Oiympia ; 1885, M. D. Smith, Post 23, Cheney ; 1887-88,
S. F. Sahm, Post 6, Tacoma.
JUDGE-ADVOCATES.
1883, P. P. Carroll, Post 1, Seattle ; 1884-85, A. O. Marsh,
Post 2, Vancouver ; 1886, S. G. Cosgrove, Post 22, Pomeroy ;
1887-88, Richard Osborn, Post 31, Seattle.
CHIEF MUSTERING-OFFICERS.
1883, H. O. Simouds, Post 4, Walla-Walla ; 1884, Fred. T. Tay-
lor, Post 6, Tacoma; 1885, P. G. Tefift, Post 4, Walla-AValla ;
1886-87, M. M. Holmes, Post 1, Seattle ; 1888, N. L. Oakley, Post
1, Seattle.
COUNCIL OF ADMINISTRATION.
1883— A. M. Brookes, Post 1, Seattle ; John Pieper, Post .4,
Walla-Walla ; W. H. Roberts, Post 5, Oiympia ; J. T. Newland,
Post 7, Chehalis ; N. F. Bolton, Post 2, Vancouver.
1884— W. H. Roberts, re-elected; A. O. Marsh, Post 2, Van-
couver ; J. S. Brown, Post 8, Spokane Falls ; T. F. Mahan, Post
12, Kalama ; E, O. Ruger, Post 10, Snohomish.
1885— Richard Osborn, Post 1, Seattle ; Wm. Peel, Post 13,
Montesano ; G. A. Miller, Post 19, Colfax ; Charles M. Holtou,
Post 9, Yakima ; John D. Geoghegan, Post 2, Vancouver.
1886 — John A. Shoudy, Post 11, Ellensburg ; Louis Meyer,
Post 2, Vancouver ; William Hipkins, Post 6, Tacoma ; L. H.
Prather, Post 8, Spokane Falls ; A. D. Rogers, Post 5, Oiympia.
1887— A. M. Brookes, Post 31, Seattle ; S. G. Cosgrove, Post
22, Pomeroy ; J. S. Kaufman, Post 8, Spokane Falls ; L. E. Samp-
son, Post 6, Tacoma ; James K. Ward, Post 9, Yakima.
1888— A. P. Curry, Post 8, Spokane Falls ; W. A. Inman, Post
19, Colfax ; M. M. Holmes, Post 1, Seattle ; A. Slorah, Post 26,
Seattle ; R. G. O'Brien, Post 5, Oiympia.
Members in Good Standing.
(551
1
Ji. CO CO CO CO CO CO
o to 00 -) 05 c;i iK
cocococototststotstotots
cotO'-^otooD^iCiC;T.;^cots
ts to
— o
CO00<IOlO'*.COt0
:i
ocooo-Ja3Cn*-coto —
1
a
CD
•a
s
o
a
a
c
3JC5
B
p
S3
MO
=;
3
p
a>
?1
a2[<>XBo?rt3^xaaii3)o'
3§; ."-^ccBmO. ^gi^a-g
: : : ^g: g: . ^oqlr
■ • Og . 2.- • ■ o^ cc •
: : . a> & • p : • : • • p-
... o ;•;,...■ ^;
::: en: :;:;::: p:
::: p": :::::::: :
o
3
Dog^£|
S(g?5p^p
^'": P
•^ . :" :
-S2
2.0 (2,
m ; p
5
p
•-I
0)
p O O P -< -!
: o .P?«•
- c - ■ - :
• erfr - • - .
e
m
■a
p
B
B
§1
ts '
00 -J-
; — c;< t-. to CO : —
• §?;2§ :=: 2
: : §
• to
O;
i
CO
• to-
1 to-
CO -^ * w oo cc CJl
*■ to .*>.tS05
2
ts
to
g§s
i ^i- i 2
■ ts
tc' -
oo- •
Ol •
1
g
• >-* • mc;t. o •-* oo H-t .*». a> • o^ct-
• e;>- oii-'tD- • *.Kico^-jotO(X- coa>
• C5- K-c;tto» • M «* CO oo^cn o ■ *fc^^-
«.
g
O
3g
o-
tO;
e^:
o-
Ot'- '.
to-
: 1
: *°
i. :
00
i
" 1
CO • k_i Ul '. ". *I CO
050- *l 'J CO ■ • COJ^OOOO
CCO; COOift-; • OOtoO'CO
CO 00- OOl.
OOCIT • OOO-
Ol ►-• COO-
-3
— CO
CO — en CO Ol
cjicn tsoioo
g
gg: ':
tS; •
: °°
• *.
: -
-: : ss
-3- ;
K>1
Co'
1-i.a^. . OS Ot GOOD- Q0O>'
o>oo> * oc 0^ 00 05 CO a> oi, . ^i^-
-j>^. . ao*^iooooocD- ooo*
to —
Ol rfk. —
— CO*. 00 00 CO
CO<I Ol OlOO CO
*.CD
CJt ts
o: :
o- •
: c*!o: :
•_ CO -3 CD • -
1
en
1
pi
1
to
to
coot- I-* 00 cc o>c>k
coco- 0>0>0i'^ QD
*• o» <l-5
-3 O OI *. CO
CO*.- H-'-^CJI
CO
Stoti
tocn to en
— OlOOCO
ia
§!;
: to — — : -
- cno — - -
• to — oo- -
^1
§
■ CO-
OifO- •
CD o>- •
■ 0J>-'05
4^:
tn to • -1 CO —
ts O- CO-.- Ol
~j *. • CO *^ a.
CO
oo —
CO^-}-j
cnoi
"":
Ol- :
to oen - - -3
to or*.- ■ -
CO 1
o
o>-8g.
Ol— • toco —
«jtO- Ol — -I
en to* ooi en
Ol Ol*!
OOl J^ CO
to-}c3ien
-7- :
OICD-
iH
O — CO. . =^
8iS§: : 1 ?°
1
; K) ■ CO CO Ct • •
Sec*.:
tscncc-
)-• -I : — u^
O — ■ CD CO -1
CD CO- Ol .** ts
cots- otsts
M CD to Oi . ■
to 4^ 00 Ol : ■
*. COOO CJT- •
*-c;ic;i Ol- •
fc-* ' : 00
CO tOO». • -3
Ol o -3 - • CO
4^ e;iCo. •
Ol 1
C;t ts oa •
• ocoaooooi-
; CT 00 00 to CO CO •
CD*. — •
— g: cofi —
coco: OOlOO
o>— ; oaooco-
SSSSSS: .
to o tscooioo- •
ts oi S CO : ts
CO *. ^1 *. - CO Ol
toooiio- o*.
•— : : 00
OltO-3- • 00
00-3- • O
oooi ts- -
2sl
•' 00 !-• M ts to •
. 00 J^ ►-* ^ OS CJ< •
• cntoentccoo;
to:
o
OSOO Ut-
to .U 00-
>-'OC0;
oocc: *.ts ts:
0--0- O-JW
O CO • — ^ O
.OCO- -700 —
00 ts cc ts CO oo _ '■
JO OC O CO to .tk CO •
— — tscc:
O CO o c-< - rf^
»*^ oen Ol • to*-
— oo ts- OOCO
ts — : : 00
to li^ C71 - ■ 00
CO en 00 . .
i!
o 1
• ooco tococn •
* ts OTtOQO oto-
; I-' 00 05 00 CO 0> ■
to t-* — : t-i :
»-• Or *. 00 >U CO fcU »-* *. to to 4^ OSCOCTTCJJ*
-^Ji01*.tS0>- 0500 0005CC*.0-> .t>.05-l*.CO- CC.
OiCC-— »-*0DO- CO-->^.^C;»O»J^CCt-*OS.^'<J«-*C0-^^^.-*. cooo-
05C0*.OJ — Ol; 00 to *■ -Q to to to CO O *. ts *. to ►- CO 0» • tO *^ •
CO to- : 00
o to — • . 00
ts cno. • ts
cnoi to- •
• CO ts to ■
■ tU to • 1-* O CO Ji. CJTCOOJ-
• osMrf^cr»C7its- J».toajto05o05to*&-u»^-
• tCC0<I-^00O- bO CO ^ UT^ OOrf*. o» osoo ^■
VtSO^-tOOl Ol — tSCIt. Jl. ts ts - QO
-JCOtStO— to — 0D0>O-ltS- — CTOOoK-JCO- 1 S
toinoooi — .fc~?cntnotoot- ts lo — coo- to
rf:.0101*.=:00;DO — — OO- *.tS3ScOO — CO- •
: cc CO : i-.K^S "o c;t*^o!:
•--Oitx^jcoc;?- tctO;onoccn:o*o--*tsi-i.
J^O*^"Oi>-'' 00^»-*C0O00QEi"'JX05tO-
CO *. i-" cc Ol to ; CO OI -Q 00 CO cc ts CO ts ts Ol •
-I5j*.o>tsoo,_ — ooo53^S' to.e.tsco :
CCOOCno: cc — UTCOtSCncDCO- — O'C0MOft*fc.UT.
-ICO CO CO OOOl cnoi o— CO • ts 00 or: CD -3 en — •
— tsj^-jtntsts- c;iCJCDCo- co-ioSScc — ■
i
< COCOON t-iN-t t-lMl-l^oI I
■to cc wi_*i_tc;i t-iCO Oit^O* tOOSOS-7tOtO t-'-^l-'J-^tS- tZi ZJnKit^
*'S^"^S;35lS&=5;S2Sr;90S?t'P'~'y*'=5^'=°!irJ2"~^"=°'-'- — a^o.t^tst^;c;I•
)-*OT*^Oloa"e^050*^oooooocc^t^cotD'J*I<30Ia^oc'*^o^— 'cc-j^QD- OT'l0c:4^»0CO->I-
0!-JO.C'Cocococn*.-}-JOco^-~JO>*'Oco--ots~}Oi-ioicorf^dOH-Qocc- cci-'ccaiJScooo-
i
en
CO
liwj *. i-'tc^oo^-'i.cn cn*.oi ii-i£cDtsto "^SocS- >-'tsc;>tsoj •'
COO5CTl00O<JX*i.CC(0COtCtS-5aiCO-)-JO!OI^CCtO.£^ — 0(0 00— 0C4^4^- tOOOoSSToiai.
co*.to>u-00'i*iCctsQOOOO*-^i-"jsooi-'OtoGoco-.ico — ococr. ■-'i^- C'^oiooK;-;-
tco:>-'Oicc-Jco*.ooo>-'-t^cotsco&- tseoco*.oi>-'~}ooo*.c^tsco- ooojcrKSoio-
00
CO
g
o.
4k
is
CIO
en
CO
t
StO tSOi-J
■ Ol tooD t:
coco
00 00 K? Ji. -7
CDOO W O CD — C?
CO C« 00 -^ CO Ol c
CO to ts ot en it». a
Ol
t:
-3
2
oc
£
&.
4^ CO &-
CD>(^OQ
oic
-wcf
to
00 to co-
co 4)k— o
oicootc
s
OltOOl —
•t^*- tooto
1 00 to eS -3 —
»soie»cnco
00
;-3
Q
o
o
u
GQ
b
i— I
O
'^
1-3
a
b
k!
O
«
o
t=:J
td
o
a
>
o
00
00
00
652
CluAND Army of the Republic.
Posts and Members in Good Standing,
June 30, 1888.
Department.
Posts. Memb'rs
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado.
C'ouuecticut
Dakota
Delaware
Florida
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana & Miss. (Gulf)
Maine
Massachusetts
Maryland
]Michii;an
Minnesota;
Missouri.
Montana
Nebraska
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
Ohio
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Potomac
Rhode Island
Tennessee and Georgia. .
Texas
Utah....
Vermont
Virginia
Wa.shington Territory. . .
\Vest Virginia . •
Wisconsin
7
45
116
62
66
111
19
10
11
552
476
362
433
80
5
150
191
36
343
165
292
16
188
88
109
10
558
654
41
575
11
21
46
17
3
100
27
29
73
234
291
1162
6236
2736
6635
2908
1183
279
307
30293
23533
17967
17310
3214
205
9346
20687
2074
.21420
8026
14637
550
5960
5001
7296
302
37286
41486
1392
43035
2352
2696
2180
487
202
4952
1018
1060
2992
11083
Relief Disbursed During the
Year Ending March 31st, of
1886.
429 90
2,541 87
2,087 34
0,111 19
860 93
220 67
45 50
5,567 30
4,129 66
2,638 05
6,174 34
105 50
3,918 58
37,091 92
1,723 05
5,005 95
2,366 87
2,231 03
249 10
1,378 74
4,298 78
5,582 26
177 05
33,518 17
10,102 64
387 55
30,086 10
1,303 76
946 08
95 60
43 05
347 20
913 37
144 45
369 35 I
298 02 '
3,708 85
188^
6332 361779 $176,259 87
Number of iiersons relieved 16,460
66 90
4,521 31
2.005 58
9,845 07
1,557 37
550 91
44 50
11,045 39
5,823 12
5,036 87
6,547 07
107 46
233 85
5,135 22
51,011 32
1,786 84
9,742 77
3,908 04
3,659 78
590 63
2,109 37
4,622 36
8,506 18
55 35
48,896 75
17,006 66
928 T9
38,027 70
1,765 77
1,480 02
255 52
62 25
446 45
1,404 93
216 80
202 55
578 57
4,150 41
1888.
360 65
2H9 45
3,995 57
1,760 74
8,127 95
319 39
641 36
170 46
158 70
12,752 50
6,441 69
4,566 85
6,675 70
404 46
296 30
5,636 18
43,875 42
670 40
5,884 79
1,998 84
4,536 19
656 80
1,635 85
3,606 52
8,240 64
18 15
38,077.78
13,131 73
492 63
29,240 83
1,334 11
2,450 66
310 43
175 50
307 18
1,162 76
508 99
178 05
692 68
4,190 32
$253,934 43 ^215,975 19
26.606 ' 23,810
Total amount disbursed for relief from 1871 to March 31, 1SS8,
$1,643,698 22.
CHAPTER XXXIL
THE GRAND ARMY BADGE,
The original badge of the Grand Army of the Republic (fig. 1)
was adopted in 1866, on the recommendation of a committee con-
sisting of Adjutant-General Webber, A. O.
Behm, Lafayette, Indiana, and Major O. M.
Wilson, Indianapolis. The significance of
the symbols will be at once recalled by all
who were then members of the Order.
The National Council of Administration,
at a meeting held in the quarters of Post 1,
Philadelphia, October 1, 1868, made a change
in the badge
by the addi-
t i o n of the
eagle and circle shown in Fig. 2 ;
the circle to contain the insignia of
rank, practically the same as now
used in the miniature rank-strap
of the ofiicial badge.
Contracts were entered into for
the manufacture of these badges,
silver or gold plated or solid silver
or gold, at prices ranging from
forty cents to $25 each, but the
failure of the manufacturer and
the objections to such a variety
of materials and prices, led Adju-
tant-General Chipman to recom-
mend the reference of the matter
to a committee for the purpose of
consulting with experts and de-
signing another badge.
The Council of Administration,
after consulting with Mr, A. Dem- ^g_ 2.
[653]
CuA Grand Akmy of the Eepubltc.
arest, of Ngav York, recommeiuled to tlie Special Session of the
National Encampment in New York, October 27, 1809, the de-
si<i;n shown in Fig. 3, which was described in circular No. 2, Head-
quarters Washington, D. C, February 18, 1870, as follows :
DESCRIPTION OF THE BADGE.
The badge is of bronze, made from cannon captured in different decisive battles
during the late rebellion, and in form a five-pointed star, similar in design to the two
hundred medals of honor authorized by act of Congress to be given to soldiers
and sailors most distinguished for meritorious and gallant conduct during the late
war.
The design, as hero given, and adopted by the Grand Army of the Republic, was
arranged by General F. A. Starring, Inspector- General of the Order.
THE OBVERSE.
In the centre of the badge is the figure of the Goddess of Liberty, representing
Loyalty; on either side a soldier and a sailor clasping hands, representing Fra-
TERNiTY, and two children receiving benediction and assurance of protection from
the comrades, representing Charity. On each side of the group is the National
Flag and the Eagle, representing Freedom, and the Axe or Bundle of Rods, or Fas-
ces, representing Union. In each point of the star is the insignia of the various arms
of the service, viz.: the Bufjle for Infantry, Cross Cannon for Artillery, Cross Muskets
for the Marine, Cross Sicords for Cavalry, and the Anchor for Sailors. Over the cen-
tral group are the words, " Grand Army of the Republic," and under, the word and
figures, " 1861 — Veteran — 1866," commemorating the commencement and close of the
rebellion, and also the date of organization of the Order.
THE reverse side
Represents a Branch of Laurel — the crown and reward of the brave— in each point
of the star. The National Shield in the centre, surrounded by the twenty-four rec-
ognized Corps' Badges, numerieally arranged, each on a keystone, and all linked
together, showing they are united, and will guard and protect the Shield of the Na-
tion. Around the centre is a circle of stars, representing tlie States of the Union and
the Dei)artments composing the Grand Army of the Republic.
the CLA8P
Is compo.sed of the figure of an Eagle, witli Cross Cannon and Ammunition, repre-
senting Defence; tlie Eagle with drawn sword hovering over and always ready to
protect from insult or dishonor the National Flag, which is also the Emblem and
Ribbon of the Order.
By reference to Figs. 3 and 4, it will be seen that the eagle on
the (rrand Army Badge is a fdc-simile of the eagle on the " Medal
of Hoiioi- " oidcird by Congress to be presented for individual
acts of bravery. The star is so nearly identical that one may be
reiulily taken iov the other.
The Grand Army Badge.
655
Fig. a
Fiff. 4.
Under Commander-in-Cliief Earnshaw, a change was made in
tlie form of the eagle and also in the shape of the star, to make
the latter more symmetrical, and Figure 5 shows the membership
badge as thus altered.
At the Seventh Annual Session, the Department of Massa-
chusetts recommended the aiioption of a badge for officers of the
Grand Army of the Republic.
Comrades A. B. Underwood, Massachusetts ; Charles Burrows,
New Jersey and C. A. Wells, New York, were apjDointed a com-
mittee to consider the same, and they recommended its adoption :
The official badge to consist of a miniature strap and plain ribbon, to which shall
be pendant the bronze star of the membership badge; that tliis strap be one and one-
half inches in length, one-half inch in width, enamelled, with a border one-sixteenth
of an inch in width, of gold or gilt, and on it the insignia of official position in the
Grand Army of the Republic, making use of the familiar star, eagle, leaf and bar of
the old service, substantially as determined and recommended for official badges, by
Bf^C)
Grand Ar^fy of the Republic.
the National Council of Administration, and
announced in Circular No. 6, Headquarters
Grand Army of the Republic, January 4, 1869;
except that for Aids-de-Camp to the Command-
er in-Chief be substituted a silver eagle, and
for Aids-de-Camp to Department Commanders
a silver leaf; for the words " Grand Command-
er "be read " Department Commander;" that
the tield in enamel be, for National and De-
partment officers, black; for Post officers, dark
blue.
That the ribbon be one and one-half inches
in length in the clear, and one and one-fourth
inches in width; and in color, for National
officers, buff, for Department officers, red (cher-
ry), and for Post officers, light blue.
That this badge be worn conspicuously on
the left breast of the coat.
That, to distinguish the different Depart-
ments, a miniature shield in gold or gilt, with
the coat of arms of the State, may be worn
pendant to the strap.
If this Encampment decides that the badge
may be worn by past officers, your committee
recommend the Encampment to prescribe that
such officers wear the strap of the official badge
proper for their jwsition in the Grand Army
of the Pepublic, with a clasp upon their proper ribbon, beneath the bronze eagle of
the membership badge, to which the whole shall be pendant.
The recommendation was adopted (fig. fi). At the next meet-
ing, in 1874, a badge for past officers was adopted (fig. 7).
The cuts here given (Figs. 6 and 7) show the official badges as
amended by the Encampment at St. Louis, incorporating the flag
of the membership badge upon the official ribbon.
Another change was made in the* badge by the Encampment
at San Francisco, 1886, by adding the corps' marks of Sheridan's
and Wilson's Cavalry Corps, and of Hancock's First Veteran
Corps, in the points of the star on the reverse, and the camp-fire
device on the clasp (fig. 8).
The badge, as tlius changed, has been duly patented for the
use of the Grand Army of the Republic.
Upon motion of Comrade Chill W. Ha/zard, Pennsylvania,
at Minneapolis, 1884, the Council of Administration Avas di-
rected to adopt a design for a button to be worn by members
The Grand Army Badge.
657
Fig. 6.
Fit
on tlie left lapel of the coat. The design in Fig. 9 Avas formally
adopted by the Council, and later approved by the National
Encampment.
For several years prior to 1884, the metal used in the manufac-
ture of these badges was obtained from guns purchased of various
societies to whom they had been donated by Congress for monu-
mental purposes ; since then captured cannon have been used,
which were purchased direct from the Government, and selected
from guns stored at Governor's Island.
These guns were made by Noble Brothers, Rome, Georgia ;
Quimby & Bobinson, Memphis ; John Clark, New Orleans, and
A. B. R. Bros., Vicksburg. Three are presumably of English
make, being better finished and free from iron or lead.
To prepare this metal for the manufacture of badges, the gun
is first adjusted in a lathe and cut into sections, these pieces are
43
658
GuAND Army of the Eepublic.
Fiff. 8.
melted and cast into small pigs, and
a":ain re-melted and refined to re-
move iron or lead, the presence of
which is a source of much trouble.
Twenty per cent, of copper and zinc
is then added to reduce the hazard
of breakage in the subsequent op-
erations. The rough form of the
star is again cast in sand, this blank
freed from sand is again annealed
and the fire coating removed by acid
baths. The pieces are then thor-
oughly rinsed to remove all traces
of the acids, which would otherwise
speedily destroy the dies.
The piece is then placed between
steel dies and subjected to an enor-
mous pressure, equal to about 200
tons, on a press especially designed
and made for this work. This must
be repeated four or five times, the
piece being annealed and cleaned
The edges,
after each operation,
which have expanded under the heavy
blows, are trimmed by machinery and
the piece is again placed in the press
to bring all parts of the design into ^^j^ g
relief. The outline is then perfected
by special machinery, the edges are filed by hand, the swivels
inserted, the star numbered, and the initial of the Commander-
in-Chief for that term added. The badge is then ready for the
final finish by a special process, adapted to the quality of metal
in each gun. The eagle is sul)jected to the same general process,
but requiring, of course, much less pressure in stamping.
Group ov Nationai, Puesidents (Women's IIelikf Corps).
CHAPTER XXXIII.
AUXILIARY AND OTHER SOCIETIES.
WOMAN'S RELIEF CORPS, LADIES OF THE G. A. R., SONS OF VET-
ERANS, UNION VETERANS LEGION, UNION VETERANS UNION,
VETERANS' RIGHTS UNION.
WOMAN'S RELIEF CORPS.
The first organization of ladies for active
co-operation with the Grand Army of the Re-
public was formed at Portland, Maine, in 1869,
under the title of Bosworth Relief Corps, aux-
iliary to Bosworth Post of that city. This Corps
is still actively engaged in the good work volun-
tarily assumed nearly twenty years ago, and may
be justly praised for the highly honorable posi-
tion it has maintained among the many similar
societies since formed, and which have so greatly
aided the Grand Army in the relief of un-
fortunate and needy comrades and their fam-
ilies.
The first State organization of these societies
was perfected at Fitchburg, Massachusetts, in April, 1879, under
the title Woman's Relief Corps.
ProjDositions had been made in the National Encampment
at various times prior to that year to encourage the formation of
these societies, but nothing practical was done by that body to
carry out any such suggestions until in 1881, when the Chaplain-
in-Chief, Rev. Jos. F. Lovering, urged upon the National En-
campment the duty of giving them official recognition. A resolu-
tion approving the work of the Woman's Relief Corps was then
adopted, and they were also authorized to add to their title,
"Auxiliary to the Grand Army of the Republic." Chaplain Lov-
ering was instructed to correspond with these societies and en-
courage them in their work.
[659J
Badge.
liliU
Grand Army of the Eepublic.
■Ns'l
Mrs. Charity Rusk Craig.
NATIONAL ORGANIZATION.
In 1883, Commander-in-Chief
Paul Van Der Voort invited all
existing Ladies' Auxiliaries to
send representatives to Denver,
Colorado, at the time of the as-
sembling there of the National
Encampment, to consult rela-
tive to a union of all these so-
cieties. Accordingly such a
meeting was held in Denver,
July 25, 1883. Mrs. E. Florence
Barker, President of the Wom-
an's Relief Corps of Massachu-
setts, presided, and Mrs. Kate B.
Sherwood, of Forsyth Post Be-
lief Corps, Toledo, acted as
Secretary.
There was no question among the ladies j^resent as to the ne-
cessity for and advisability of establishing a National organiza-
tion, but a number were opposed to the eligibility clause of the
Woman's Belief Corps of Massachusetts, and advocated the re-
striction of membership exclusively to the kindred of Union sol-
diers and sailors.
The Massachusetts plan, as it was called, was to enlist the
services of all loyal women, whether of kin to the veterans or
not, and this plan was adopted. The ladies representing New
Jersey declined joining on this basis, and maintained their oavii or-
ganization, the Ladies Loyal League, now Ladies of the G. A. B.
The work thus accomplished at Denver was heartily received
by the National Encampment, and the following was adopted
by it:
Jte«olTcd, Tliat wc c-onlially liail the organizati'ui of tlie Woman's llelicf Corps
and extend o\ir f^reetinj,' to them. We return our warmest tliimks to the loyal
women of the land for their earnest work, support and encouragement, and bid them
God speed in their patriotic work. •
The plan of organization of the Grand Army was generally
followed in constituting the Woman's Belief Corps. Local asso-
ciations to be called ('or])s ; State associations to be called De-
partments; tlio National orgaiii/atioii to Ik; known us the National
WoMANs' Belief Corps.
661
Convention, Woman's Belief
Corps, Auxiliary to the Grand
Army of the Bepublic. (0^^ ^C ' ^^
The objects of the associa- m^Mii^ '^^
tion are :
To specially aid and assist the
Grand Army of the Republic and to
perpetuate the memory of their heroic (^
dead. To assist such Union veterans
as need our help and protection, and
to extend needful aid to their widows
and orphans. To find them homes
and employment, and assure them of
sympathy and friends. To cherish
and emulate the deeds of our army ^ ^ ^^'^'-'W'^»"''^'"1^^P^^^^
nurses, and of all loyal' women who ,^v- ^,ik'^Jfl ' ^■^_^s#'"''"'
rendered loving service to their coun- ' '•c^f',?'-'-^
try in her hour of peril. To incul- Mrs. L. A. Turner.
cate lessons of patriotism and love
of country among our children, and in the communities in which we live. To
maintain true allegiance to the United States of America. To discountenance what-
ever tends to weaken loyalty and to encourage the spread of universal liberty and
equal rights to all men.
The following table will show at a glance the growth of the
organization in this short period :
Corps. Members. Expended for Relief.
JuneSO, 1884 155 10,085 $1,154.47
March 31, 1885 334 17,854 13,538.97
June 30, 1886 1,053 36,633 33.481.83
June 30, 1887 , 1,358 49 590 56,106.18
June 30, 1888 1,717 63,214 73,389.33
Bemaining in the general funds of the Corps, June 30, 1888,
$54,725.20, and in the Relief Funds, $46,427.71 — a total of
$101,152.91. The number of persons assisted during the year
ending June 30, 1888, was 19,776. Total amount expended in re-
lief, from July, 1883, to June, 1888, $167,470.77.
The above is certainly a magnificent showing of the executive
ability of the ladies of the Belief Corps in organization. The
moneys exj)ended for relief were either contributed directly to the
relief funds of Posts, or were personally disbursed l)y members or
committees of the Woman's Belief Corps on visits to families of
veterans. Large as is the amount thus expended for relief, it
does not fully show the worth of this auxiliary to the Grand Army
of the Bepublic.
662 Grand Army of the Republic.
Tlie cheering visits to tlie homes of the afflicted, the hours
spent l)Tthe bedside of sick and dying veterans by members of the
"Woman's Relief Corps, cannot be adequately measured by any
money standard, nor can a full appreciation of their loving work
on behalf of suffering humanity be properly expressed in words.
MEETINGS OF THE NATIONAL CONVENTION.
I. July 25, 1883, Denver, Colorado ; 11. July 22, 1884, Minne-
apolis, Minnesota ; III. June 24, 1885, Portland, Maine ; IV.
August 4, 188G, San Francisco, California ; Y. September 28,
1885, St. Louis, Missouri ; YI. September 12, 1888, Columbus,
Ohio.
NATIONAL PRESIDENTS.
1883, Mrs. E. Florence Barker, Maiden, Massachusetts ; 1884,
Mrs. Kate B. Sherwood, Toledo, Ohio ; 1885, Mrs. Sarah E. Ful-
ler, East Boston, Massachusetts ; 1886, Mrs. Elizabeth D'Arcy
Kinue, San Francisco, California ; 1887, Mrs. Emma Stark Hamp-
ton, Detroit, Michigan ; 1888, Mrs. Charity Busk Craig, Yiroqua,
"Wisconsin.
NATIONAL SENIOR VICE-PRESIDENTS.
1883, *Mrs. Kate B. Sherwood ; 1884, *Mrs. Sarah E. Fuller ;
1885, *Mrs. E. D'A. Kinne ; 1886, Mrs. Sarah C. Nichols, Auburn,
New York ; 1887, Mrs. Cora Day Young, Toledo, Ohio ; 1888,
Mrs. Abbie Lynch, Allegheny, Pennsylvania.
NATIONAL JUNIOR VICE-PRESIDENTS.
1883, Mrs. E. K. Stimson, Denver, Colorado; 1884, fMrs. Lizzie
Anderson, Topeka, Kansas ; 1885, Mrs. Adaline P. Kent, Ports-
mouth, New Hampshire ; 1886, Mrs. Mary E. Starkweather, St.
Paul, Minnesota ; 1887, Mrs. Mary J. Ingraham, AVoodbridge,
New Jersey ; 1888, Mrs. Inzetta A. Small, Lewiston, Maine.
NATIONAL SECRETARIES.
1883, Mrs. Sarah E. Fuller, East Boston, Massachusetts ; 1884,
Miss Emma D. Sibley, Toledo, Ohio; 1885, Mrs. Eleanor B.
AVheeler, South Boston, Massachusetts ; 1886, Mrs. Nellie G.
* To National President. t Deceased.
Woman's Relief Corps. 663
Backus, San Francisco ; 1887, Mrs. Armilla A. Clieney, Detroit,
Michigan ; 1888, Mrs. Hettie M. Nichols, Viroqua, Wisconsin.
NATIONAL TREASURER.
1883-88, Mrs. Lizabeth A. Turner, Boston, Massachusetts.
NATIONAL CHAPLAINS.
1883, Mrs. Mattie B. Moulton, Laconia, New Hampshire ;
1884-85, Mrs. Annie Wittenmeyer, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ;
1886, Miss Mary Garard, Clinton, Iowa ; 1887, Mrs. Mary Garard
Andrews, Omaha, Nebraska ; 1888, Mrs. E. Kate Jones, Ilion,
New York.
NATIONAL INSPECTORS.
1883, Mrs. Emily Gardner, Denver, Colorado ; 1884, Mrs. Sarah
C. Nichols, Auburn, New York ; 1885, Mrs. Deborah G. King,
Lincoln, Nebraska; 1886, Mrs. Louise-H. Brown, Olathe, Kansas;
1887, Mrs. Loretta J. Gorsuch, South Bend, Indiana ; 1888, Mrs.
Olive Hogle, Denver, Colorado.
NATIONAL CONDUCTOR.
1884, Mrs. Maggie J. Sias, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
GUARDS.
1883, Mrs. J. W. Beatson, Rockford, Illinois ; 1884, Mrs. Jen-
nie E. G. Maish, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
NATIONAL COUNSELORS.
1885, Mrs. Emma Sibley Pease, Toledo, Ohio ; Mrs. Eleanor
B. Wheeler, Boston Massachusetts ; 1886, Mrs. B. Jane Russell,
Oakland California ; 1887, Mrs. Kate B. Sherwood, Toledo, Ohio ;
1888, Mrs. Emma Stark Hampton, Detroit, Michigan.
NATIONAL INSTITUTING AND INSTALLING OFFICERS.
1884, Mrs. Lois W. S. Holbrook, Toledo, Ohio ; 1885, Mrs.
Elizabeth C. Keifer, Waterbury, Connecticut ; 1886, Mrs. Henri-
etta Stiesmeier, St. Louis, Missouri ; 1887, Mrs. Sarah C. Nichols,
Auburn, New York ; 1888, Mrs. Mattie B. Moulton, Laconia, New
Hampshire.
<i64 C!rand Army of the Kepublic.
NATIONAL COUNCIL.
1885 — Mrs. E. Florence Barker and Mrs. Kate B. Sherwood,
Past National Presidents, Life Members ; Mrs. Lizzie Anderson,
Topidva, Kansas; Mrs. Sarah C Nichols, Anbnrn, New York;
Mrs. Frances B. Martin, New Haveji, Connecticut.
18815— Mrs. E. Florence Barker, Mrs. Kate B. Sherwood, Mrs.
Sarah E. Fuller, Past National President, and ]\[rs. Annie Witten-
mjer. Past National Chaplain, Life Members ; Mrs. Gertie
Rogers, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
1887— Mrs. E. D'A. Kiune, San Francisco ; *Mrs. Charity R.
Craig ; Mrs. Clara E. Nichols, Des Moines, Iowa ; Mrs. Margaret
R. AVickins, Sabetha, Kansas ; Mrs. Julia G. Sine, Rockford,
Illinois, by election.
18S8— Mrs. E. 33'A. Kinne, re-elected ; Mrs. Lydia S. Morrison,
Cincinnati, Ohio ; Mrs. Mary S. McHenry, Denison, Iowa ; Mrs.
Sarah A. C. Plummer, Lansing, Michigan ; Mrs. Sarah J. Martin,
Brookfield, Missouri, by election.
Mrs. Kate B. Sherwood, resigned in 1887 as a Life Member of
the National Council. The five members of the Council by elec-
tion constitute the Executive Board.
DEPARTMENTS AND DEPARTMENT PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY, 1888.
California — President, Mrs. Lizzie D. Waterman ; Secretary,
Mrs. Jennie L. Southworth, Stockton.
Colorado — President, Mrs. Augusta 1>. Henderson ; Secretary,
Mrs. Libbie Kent Daniels, Denver.
Connecticut — President, Mrs. Harriet S. Durfee ; Secretary,
Mrs. Augusta B. Hammond, Rockville.
Daliota — President, Mrs. Sarah E. B. Smith ; Secretary, INlrs.
Mary J. Winship, Grand Forks.
Illinois — President, Mrs. Sarah M. Bradford, Augusta ; Secre-
tary, Miss Josephine P. Cleveland, Springfield.
fiidiana — President, Mrs. Agnes Hitt ; Secretary, INfrs. Flora
W ulschner, Indianapolis.
Iowa — President, INFrs. Myra E. Haukey, Brooklyn ; Secretary,
^Iis. Eiiiuia Pi. Buchanan, \ ictor.
* To National President.
Woman's Relief Cokps. 665'
Kansas — President, Mrs. Ella Powell ; Secretary, Mrs. Jennie
E. Besack, Washington.
Kentucky — President, Mrs. Carrie L. Davis ; Secretary, Mrs.
Bettie Chisholm, Maysville.
Blaine — President, Mrs. Inzetta A. Small ; Secretary, Mrs.
Sarah G. Irving, Lewiston.
Manjland — President, Mrs. Mary E. Wright ; Secretary, Mrs.
Clara A. Alford, Baltimore.
Massachusetts — President, Mrs. Emma B. Lowd, Salem ; Secre-
tary, Mrs. Mary E. Elliott, Somerville.
31icMgan — President, Mrs. Louise A. Bobbins ; Secretary, Mrs.
Susette R. Wilcox, Adrian.
Minnesota — President, Mrs. Sarah E. Milham, St. Paul ; Secre-
tary, Mrs. Mary H. Kendall, Minneapolis.
Missouri — President, Mrs. Rose L. Kimball ; Secretary, Mrs.
Alice L. Hancock, Nevada.
Nebraska — President, Mrs. Emma Manchester ; Secretary, Mrs.
Helen E. Cook, Lincoln.
Neio Hampshire — President, Mrs. Nancy W. Moore ; Secretary,
Mrs. Kate M. Thayer, Nashua.
Neiv Jersey — President, Mrs. Mary G. Lanning ; Secretary, Mrs.
Amanda J. Covert, Trenton.
Neiv York — President, Mrs. Sarah C. Mink ; Secretary, Mrs.
Emma J. Carpenter, Syracuse.
Ohio — President, Mrs. Mary E. Bancroft ; Secretary, Miss Ella
C. Burr, Columbus.
Oregon — President, Mrs. Sarah E. Miller ; Secretary, Mrs.
Mary H. Ellis, Forest Grove.
Pennsylvania — President, Mrs. Jennie M. Reavley ; Secretary,
Mrs. Kate E. Luckenbill, Erie.
Rhode Islaiul — President, Mrs. Sarah C. Mason ; Secretary,
Mrs. Cherry M. Hibbert, Pawtucket,
Vermont — President, Mrs. Lenora W. Howe ; Secretary, Mrs. A.
Louise Putnam, Brattleboro'.
666
Grand Army of the Republic.
Wisconsin — President, Mrs. Caroline H. Bell ; Secretary, Miss
Adah C. Way, Milwaukee.
Wdshiiujton Territory — President, Mrs. Helen Burke ; Secretary,
Mrs. Lizzie 11. Herrick, Seattle.
PROVISIONAL.
Neic 3fexico — President, Mrs. Maggie Munroe Rudisille, White
Oaks.
LADIES OF THE G. A. R.
(Formerly Loyal Ladies' League.)
Pursuant to a request issued in General
Orders by Department (Commander Chas.
Houghton, of New Jersey, representatives
from the various Grand Army of the Repub-
lic Aid Societies in that State, met at Tren-
ton, December 15, 1881, and formed a State
organization.
This union of these aids was suggested
that uniformity of management and a more
thorough copartnership in all work tending
to benefit the Grand Army of the Republic
could be acquired. The name adopted by the
society then formed was the Loyal Ladies'
League, Auxiliary to the Grand Army of the
Republic, Department of New Jersey.
A charter, badge, rules, etc., were adopted, and the new Order
began its work with eight subordinate branches or leagues. Mrs.
Carrie M. ]jurge, of Yineland, was the first President.
The objects of the Loyal Ladies' League, as set forth in its
Rules, are :
To unite with Loyalty— love for each other, to practice the precepts of true Fra-
ternity of feelint^ towards all sisters of our Order, tluis emulatini; the spirit which
iniites our father, iiusband and brothers; to hoix.r tiic uieinnry of those fallen, to
Jjcrpeluate and keep forever sacred " Memorial Day."
Badge.
Ladies of the G. A. E. G67
To assist the Grand Army of the Republic in its high and lioly mission, aid, en-
courage and sympathize with them in their noble work of Charity; to extend needful
aid to members in sickness and distress; to aid sick soldiers, sailors and marines; to
do all in our power to alleviate suffering.
Eligibility to membership requires the applicant to be of good
moral character and the mother, wife, sister or daughter of an
honorably discharged soldier, sailor or marine who served in the
late rebellion.
In 1883, the first League was formed in Pennsylvania ; in July
of the same year, in compliance with a call issued by Commander-
in-Chief Yan Der Voort, two delegates were sent to Denver, Col-
orado, for the purpose of meeting in convention delegates from
various other societies throughout the country, the design being
to form a national organization, auxiliary to the Grand Army of
the Republic. The delegates from New Jersey, Mrs. S. D. Hugg
and Mrs. Laura McNeir, were opposed to the proposition of
making all loyal women eligible to membership, and on its subse-
quent adoption declined to become part of the Woman's Relief
Corps. They proposed to restrict membership to the immediate
relatives of veterans. The State convention endorsed their action,
and New Jersey remained an independent Department.
On November 18, 1886, a convention was held in Chicago,
Illinois, by delegates from the various subordinate Leagues in
New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Kansas, California, Ohio, Delaware
and West Virginia. Mrs. A. E. Grubb, of Camden, New Jersey,
presided. A consolidation was effected with an organization in
Illinois known as "Ladies of the G. A. R." That name was
adopted, and with a few changes in the rules, the National Order,
Ladies of the G. A. R., was there organized, and Mrs. Laura Mc-
Neir, Camden, New Jersey, was elected National President.
The membership numbers about 2,000, in Departments in
New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Kansas, California and Illinois, and
Provisional Departments in Ohio, Delaware and West Virginia.
The second convention of the National Department, Ladies of
the G. A. R., was held in Columbus, September 12, 1888, when
the following officers were elected :
National President, Mrs. Laura Sawyer, Allegheny, Pennsyl-
vania ; National Senior Vice-President, Mrs. Ella C. Smedley, San
Francisco, California; National Junior Vice-Commander, Mrs.
Anna E. Grubb, Camden, New Jersey ; Secretary, Mrs. Chas,
6fi8 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
Gerwig, Allegheny, Pennsylvania ; Chaplain, Mrs. Emma Douglas,
l>ratl(lock, Peuusylvauia; National Counselor, Mrs. Laura McjSeir,
Camden, New Jersey ; National Council of Administration — Mrs.
Julia M. Johnson, Altoona, Pennsylvania ; Mrs. Mary Houck,
Heading, Pennsylvania ; Mrs. Abbie Hollopeter, San Francisco.
The officers governing State Departments are (1888) :
Neiv Jersey — President, Mrs. D. J. Bateman, Cedarville ; Sec-
retary, Mrs. Anna E. Grubl), Camden.
Pennsylvania — President, Mrs. M. E. Weistling, Harrisburg ;
Secretary, Mrs. Julia M. Johnson, Altoona.
Kansas — President, Mrs. M. O. Cartledge ; Secretary, Miss
AVade, Topeka.
California — President, Mrs. Ella C. Smedley ; Secretary, Mrs.
Ella Sarah Metcalf, San Francisco.
Illinois — President, Mrs. Edward Koly ; Secretary, Mrs. Jas.
Hubbard, Chicago.
Ohio and West Virginia are Provisional Departments under
the jurisdiction of Pennsylvania, and Delaware under New
Jersey.
The most important points specified by the Convention for
the attention of its members are :
First, to secure, if practicable, the passage of a bill in Con-
gress (H. R. 7,765) providing for the partial support at their own
homes of inmates of the National Homes. This measure would
give these disabled veterans the privilege of resting on furlough
and under partial pay for their maintenance, among tlieir kindred
and friends, and would open an avenue of relief to many veterans
obliged to take shelter in ;ilmsliouses, because of the overcrowd-
ing of the present Homes. The bill for this 'purpose was pre-
sented in Congress by Comrade Hon. Thomas M. Bayne, of
Pittsburgh.
The second ])roposition is intended to secure to the officers
and inmates of the National Home near Hampton, Virginia, the
right of suffrage, of which they are now d(;])rived, the Home being
located on ground ceded by Virginia to the United States.
Sons of Yeterans.
069
THE SONS OF VETERANS OF THE UNITED STATES
OF AMERICA.
Fl L I r VETERA NO RUM
Badge.
An orgauization of sons of Union sol-
diers and sailors was formed in the city
of Pliiladelpliia in the year 1878. The
records of Anna M. Ross Post No. 94,
G. A. R., Philadeli3hia, dated" August 27th,
1878, show that on motion of Comrade
James P. Holt, a committee of five was
appointed to devise means of forming a
G. A. R. Cadet Corps, to be attached to
that Post. Committee, Comrades Levi W.
Shengle, Carl Frederic, James P. Holt,
Chas. Weiss and Wm. H. Morgan.
On September 17th following, the com-
mittee submitted a plan for organization
which was adopted by the Post, and on
October 15th the constitution was reported
and the committee instructed to receive
applications for membership.
On September 29th, Anna M. Ross
Camp No. 1, of Philadelphia, Order of Sons of Veterans, was for-
mally organized. Shortly after this a Cadet Corps was formed in
connection with Post No. 51, Philadelphia. Other Posts in Phil-
adelphia and through the State followed the example of the Posts
above named in the organization of Cadet Corps.
In July, 1880, a Division organization was completed and
Conrad Linder elected Colonel, which position he held until July
1882, when Jas. H. Classon was elected to succeed him. The
Order spread into the States of New York, New Jersey and Dela-
ware in 1881, and during that year a National organization was
formed and Alfred Cope elected Commander,
Major A. P. Davis of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on November
12, 1881, formed an organization in that city, under the title of
Sons of Veterans of the United States of America, and prepared
for it a Constitution, Rules and Regulations and Ritual, pro-
viding for local and State associations and a National organiza-
tion.
Dissensions had arisen among the members of the Pennsyl-
vania Division above noted, and in 1883, thirty-three of its
r,70
Grand Army of the Kepublic.
COAT OF ARMS.
Camps Avithdrew from the par-
ent orgaiiizatiou aud joined
that founded by Major Davis.
This left l)ut three Camps
of the orifjjinal Order, but the
National Division remained in-
tact and Commander Cope
created a Provisional Division
in Pennsylvania, with L. M.
Wagner as Provisional Col-
onel. A permanent organiza-
tion for Pennsylvania was ef-
fected on February 22, 1882, and what remained of the original
Order continued in existence until August, 1886, Avhen a consol-
idation took place with the Sons of Veterans, U. 8. A.
The Order has grown rapidly, and now numbers nearly sixty
thousand members, in thirty-one States and five Territories. It
has gathered within its folds the most prominent of the rising
young Americans in the land.
The principles and objects of the Sons of Veterans, as stated
in their organic law, are as follows :
PRINCIPLES.
A firm belief and trust in Almiglity God, and a realization that under His benefi-
cent guidance the free institutions of our land,— consecrated by the services and
blood of our fathers, have been preserved ; and the integrity and life of the Nation
maintained.
True allegiance to the Government of the United States of America, based upon
a respect for, and devotion and fidelity to, its Constitution and Laws, manifested by
the discountenancing of anything that may tend to weaken loyalty, incite to insur-
rection, treason or rebellion, or in any manner impair tlie elliciency and permanency
of our National Union.
OBJECTS.
To keep green the memories of our fathers and their sacrifices for the mainte-
nance of the Union.
To aid the members of the Grand Army of the Hepublie in caring for their help-
less and disabled veterans ; to extend aid and protection to the widows and orphans;
to perpetuate the memory and history of their heroic dead, and the proper observ-
ance of Memorial Day.
To aid and a.-sist worthy and needy members of the Order.
To ineulcate patriotism and love of coimtry, not ahme among our membership,
but among all the people of our land, and to spread and sustain the doctrine of equal
rights, universal liberty and justice to all.
J
Sons of Yetekans. (571
membekship.
Applicants for membership must be not less than eighteen
years of age, their fathers must have been deceased or honor-
ably discharged Union soldiers or sailors, or they must be sons
of members of this organization, for it is believed that its Prin-
ciples and Objects are worthy of perpetuation through the rising
generations.
A MILITARY ORDER.
The Order is formed as follows : 1st. Local Organizations,
known as Camps ; 2d. State Organizations, known as Divisions ;
3d. The National Organization, known as the Commandery-in-
Chief.
The Order is military in its character and ceremonial work,
and is officered in accordance with army regulations. Camps
maintain the same order and work as companies. Divisions corre-
spond to regiments, and the Commandery-in-Chief to the army.
The Captain, First and Second Lieutenants are elected by
ballot. The Captain appoints his Staff as follows : First Ser-
geant, Quartermaster-Sergeant, Chaplain, Color-Sergeant, Ser-
geant of the Guard, Corporal of the Guard, Musician, Camp
Guard and Picket Guard. Divisions are officered as a regiment,
the Commandery-in-Chief as an army.
The Captain presides at the meetings of the Camp, and in his
absence the First and Second Lieutenants take his place in the
order of their rank. The Chaplain's duties are indicated by his
title. The First Sergeant keejDS the records of the Camp and
makes a quarterly report to Division Headquarters through the
Captain. The Quartermaster-Sergeant keeps the funds of the
Camp and also makes a quarterly report to the Division Head-
quarters through his Captain.
Camps are organized in strict company formation, each officer
discharging his duties in the same manner and form as he would
were he regularly enlisted.
Many of the Colonels command from five to eight thousand
men. Captains command from fifty to sixty men, with their Lieu-
tenants, Sergeants and Corporals.
The Twenty-second National Encampment of the Grand Army
of the Republic, held at Columbus, Ohio, passed the following
resolution :
672 Grand Akmy of the Republtc.
Revolted, That this Encampment endorse the objects and purposes of the Order of
the Sons of Veterans, U. S. A., and hereby give to the Order the oflicial recognition
of the Orand Army of the Republic, and recommend that it aid and encourage the
institution of Camps of the Sons of Veterans, U. S. A.
A committee of the Grand Army has been appointed by the
Commander-in-Chief to inspect the workings of the Sons, of Vet-
erans, and report to the National Encampment a phxn defining
the relations between the two bodies.
The first Commander-in-Chief after the Provisional National
Organization was Harry E. liowley, of Pittsbnrgh, Pennsjdvauia,
followed, respectively, by Frank P. Merrill, of Maine, H. W. Ar-
nold, of Johnstown, Pennsylvania, Walter S. Payne, of Fostoria,
Ohio (two terms), and G. B. Abbott, of Chicago, Illinois (two
terms).
The National Officers for the current official year (1888) are :
G. B. Abbott, Commander-in-Chief, Chicago, Illinois ; E. H.
Milham, Lieutenant-General, St. Paul, Minnesota ; John H. Hink-
lej, Major-General, Beverly, Massacliust^tts ; Harry M. Ilussell,
Chief of Staff, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania ; Will F. Jenkins, Ad-
jntant-(ieueral, Chicago, Illinois ; C. J. Post, Quartertnaster-Geu-
eral, Chicago, Illinois ; M. E. Hall, Inspector-General, Hillsdale,
Michigan ; J. B. iNIaccabe, Chief Mustering Officer, Boston, Mas-
sachusetts ; A. M. Appleget, Judge-Advocate-General, Tecumseh,
Nebraska ; J. A. Averdick, Surgeon-General, Covington, Ken-
tucky ; Rev. F. M. Gee, Chaplain-iu-Chief, Fowler, Indiana.
Council-in-Chief— Rudolph Loebenstein, Warrensburg, Missouri ;
C. T. Orner, Bloomington, Illinois ; G. B. Smith, Hartford, Con-
necticut ; Wm. E. Bundy, Wellston, Ohio ; C. B. Cooke, Arling-
ton, Dakota.
ROSTER OF THE DIVISIONS, 1888-89.
CftJifornid — Ed. C. Robinson, Colonel Commanding ; Fred. V.
Wood, Adjutant, Oakland.
Colorado — F. C. McArthur, Colonel Commanding ; E. A. Came,
Adjtitant, Denver.
Connecticut — C. K. Farnham, Colonel Coninianding ; G. Fred.
Farnham, Adjutant, New Haven.
J><th)t(i — C. C. Bras, Colonel Commanding ; AV. A. Bell, Adju-
tant, Mt. Vernon.
Sons of Veterans. G73
Florida — J. W. V. R. Plummer, Colonel Commanding, Key
West.
Illinois — F. McCrillis, Colonel Commanding ; H. A. Swazj,
Adjutant, Chicago.
loiua — Cato Sells, Colonel Commanding ; G. L, Goodale, Adju-
tant, La Porte City.
Indiana — E. S. Walker, Colonel Commanding ; Jesse A. Swish-
er, Adjutant, West Lebanon.
Kansas — Clay D. Herod, Colonel Commanding ; Clyde E. Lim-
bocker, Adjutant, Erie.
KentiK^.ky — Nathan M. Pell, Colonel Commanding ; C. E. Cur-
rie. Adjutant, Louisville.
Maine — Waldo H. Perry, Colonel Commanding ; E. E. Phil-
brook, Adjutant, Portland.
Maryland — Sherman J. Brown, Colonel Commanding ; F. B.
Wilson, Jr., Adjutant, Washington.
Massachusetts — N. C. Upham, Colonel Commanding ; Chas. K.
Darling, Adjutant, Fitchburg.
Michigan — Burt M. Fellows, Colonel Commanding; J, E. Wat-
son, Adjutant, Bronsou.
Minnesota — E. H. Milham, Colonel Commanding ; Geo. H.
Sheire, Adjutant, St. Paul.
Missouri — Ed. R. Durham, Colonel Commanding; S. F. Church,
Adjutant, Bethany.
3Iontana — Wm. H. Perkins, Colonel Commanding ; E. D. Gay-
lord, Adjutant, Fort Custer.
Nebraska — A. M. Appelget, Colonel Commanding; Win. Grimes,
Adjutant, Tecumseh.
New Hampshire — Frank B. Perkins, Colonel Commanding ; H.
B. Clark, Adjutant, Manchester.
New Jersey — F. D. Morse, Colonel Commanding ; H. H. Moore,
Adjutant, Elizabeth.
New York — M, Retel, Colonel Commanding ; Chas. AY. Chap-
pell, Adjutant, Buffalo.
43
674
Grand Army of the Republic.
Ohio — Geo. "VV. Leonard, Colonel Commanding ; L. N. Allopp,
Adjutant, Urbana.
Pennsylvania — J. L. Rake, Colonel Commanding ; H. H. Ham-
mer, Adjutant, Reading.
Rhode Island — Chas. H. West, Colonel Commanding ; E. O.
Riggs, Adjutant, Newport.
Vermont — F. L. Eaton, Colonel Commanding ; A. G. Eaton,
Adjutant, Moutpelier,
West Virginia — H. B. Bagulej, Colonel Commanding ; Geo. A.
Dunnington, Adjutant, Wheeling, West Virginia.
Wisconsin — Chas. H. Hudson, Colonel Commanding ; G. H.
Bresee, Adjutant, Madison.
UNION VETERAN LEGION.
The Union Veteran Legion is com-
posed almost exclusively of members of
the Grand Army of the Republic. It
was organized in Pittsburgh in March,
1884.
Membership is restricted to —
Officers, soldiers and marines of the Union Arin3\
Navy and Marine Corps durini; the war of the rebel-
lion, who volunteered prior to .July 1, 1863, for a term
Badge. f^^ three years, and were honorably discharired for
any eause after a service of two continuous years,
or were at anytime discharged by reason of wounds received in the line of duty;
but no drafted person, nor substitute, nor any one who has at any time borne arms
ajrainst the I'm'tcd Stales is elidblc
At th(^ annual meeting lield at Youngstown, Ohio, February
22, 1888, provision Avas made to include witliin the terms of eligi-
bility those wlio vobinteered for a term of two years ])rior to
July 22,1801, iind served their full term of eiivollincut, uidess dis-
cliarged for wounds received in the line of duty.
'i'lic o])jects (;f tlie Lhiion Veteran T^egion are :
Union Veteran Legion. 075
First. The cultivation of true devotion to American government and institu-
tions.
Second. The moral, social and intellectual improvement of its members, and their
relief, and the relief of their widows and orphans in sickness and distress.
Third. The preservation of friendly relations among those who fouglit for the
safety of the American Union.
Fourth. By the personal example and influence of its members to perpetuate the
three great principles of " Fraternity, Charity and Patriotism," and to promote
the interests of humanity.
Fifth All things being equal, to give preference to its members in all business re-
lations, and to assist them, as far as possible, in all honorable ways.
The local organizations of tlie Union Veteran Legion are styled
Encampments ; the officers are Colonel Commander, Lieutenant-
Colonel, Major, Officer of the Day, Adjutant, Quartermaster, Chap-
lain, Officer of the Guard, Surgeon, Sergeant-Major, Quartermas-
ter-Sergeant, Color Bearer, Sentinel and Drummer or Bugler.
There is no Department Organization, as in the Grand Army
of the Republic, but executive authority is conferred upon the
National officers.
The first National Encampment of this Order was held at
Pittsburgh, February 18, 1887, when the following were elected
or appointed in the National offices :
National Commander, Geo. B. Chalmers, Pittsburgh ; Senior
Vice-National Commander, John Fox; Junior Vice-National Com-
mander, C. B. Timmerman ; Adjutant-General, John H. Short,
Allegheny, Pennsylvania ; Quartermaster - General, Frank L.
Blair ; Chaplain-in-Chief, Rev. John A. Danks ; Surgeon-General,
Dr. John L. Crawford, Greensburg, Pennsylvania ; Inspector-
General, J. C. Aitkin, Philadelphia ; Judge-Advocate-General, W.
R. Black.
The officers, February 22, 1888, to February 22, 1889, are :
National Commander, General A. R. Pearson, Pittsburgh, Penn-
sylvania ; Senior Vice-National Commander, Dr. G. J. R. Miller,
Philadelphia ; Junior Vice-National Commander, Christian Sta-
witz, St. Louis, Missouri ; Quartermaster-General, F. L. Blair,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania ; Inspector-General, W. B. Chapman,
Bradford, Pennsylvania ; Surgeon-General, J. L. Crawford, re-
elected ; Chaplain-in-Chief, Rev. N. H. Holmes, New Castle, Penn-
sylvania ; Judge-Advocate-General, M. W. Johnson, Youngstown,
Ohio. John H. Short, Allegheny, Pennsylvania, was re-appointed
Adjutant-General.
676 Grand Army of the Hepublic.
EnCcarapments are located (December, 1888) as follows :
No. 1, Pittsburgh, Penusylvauia ; No. 2, Philadelphia ; No. 3,
Yoiingstown, Ohio ; No. 4, Beaver Falls, Peimsylvauia ; No. 5,
Greensburg, Penusylvauia ; No. 6, Allegheny, Pennsylvania ; No-
7, Bradford, Pennsylvania ; • No. 8, Council Bluffs, Iowa ; No. 9,
New Castle, Pennsylvania ; No. 10, New Bedford, Massachusetts ;
No. 11, Indiana, Pennsylvania ; No. 12, South Oil City, Pennsyl-
vania ; No. 18, Erie, Pennsylvania ; No. 14, Lancaster, Pennsyl-
vania ; No. 15, 8t. Louis, Missouri ; No. IG, Steubenville, Ohio ;
No. 17, Altoona, Pennsylvania ; No. 18, Allentown, Pennsylvania ;
No. 19, Pottsville, Pennsylvania ; No. 20, Philadelphia; No. 21,
Wellsburg, West Virginia ; No. 22, Pottstown, Pennsylvania ;
No. 23, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania ; No. 24, Salina, Kansas ; No.
25, West Chester, Pennsylvania ; No. 26, Centreville, Rhode
Island ; No. 27, Hazleton, Pennsylvania ; No. 28, Sayre, Brad-
ford county, Pennsylvania.
UNION YETERANS' UNION.
The Union Veterans' Union of the United States was organ-
ized in "Washington, June 18, 1886, by M. A. Dillon.
Its objects are stated in the Rules and Regulations to be :
First. To preserve and perpetuate the principles for which we contended on nianj-
battle-fields.
Second. To recognize the rights of the soldier to ])osili()ns of pnblic trust, and
the preferment of our members over others for employment t)y the Government or
by individuals, other things being eciual.
Titinl. To demand of this Government a proper appreciation of their services and
a just recognition of their claims.
Skc. 2. To support, aid and assist, in the election to positions of i)u1)lie trust,
any and all true friends of the Union Soldier, irrespective of politics, creed, or
party.
Skc. 3. To extend to our comrades their widows and orphans, in lime of need,
that charity that knows no end.
At least six months continuous service (unless discharged on
account of wounds) in the Army, Navy or Marino Cor])s of the
United States, between April 12, iMCil, and April 30, 1S(;5, and an
The Veterans' Eights Union. 077
honorable discharge therefrom, is required for membership. Part
of said service must have been at the front.
Any gentleman of good character, willing to co-oj^erate with
the Command in promoting the objects of the Union Veterans'
Union, and who is not entitled to join as a comrade, is eligible
for honorary membership.
The officers of subordinate commands are : Colonel, Lieuten-
ant-Colonel, Major, Surgeon — rank of Major, Chaplain — rank of
Captain, Officer of the Day — rank of Captain, Officer of the Guard
— rank of First Lieutenant, Adjutant — rank of First Lieutenant,
Quartermaster — rank of First Lieutenant, Sergeant-Major, Quar-
termaster's Sergeant, Drum Major, Color Bearer, Sentinel.
The National Officers, 1887-88, were : M. A. Dillon, Washing-
ton, D. C, Commander-in-Chief ; Wm. T. Clarke, First Deputy-
Commander-in-Chief ; John A. Fulweiler, Second Deputy-Com-
mander-in-Chief ; Dr. Charles Lloyd, Surgeon-General ; G. M.
Elliott, Chaplain-in-Chief ; Robert Alton, Adjiitant-General; Jos.
Smolinski, Assistant Adjutant-General; Jno. R. AVolston, Quarter-
master-General; Horace L. Piper, Judge- Advocate-General; E. B.
Payne, Assistant Judge-Advocate-General; R. S. Avery, Inspector-
General ; J. Marshall Guion, Chief Mustering Officer.
Officers for 1889, Commander-in-Chief, Robert Alton ; First
Deputy-Commander-in-Chief, Robert Frederick; Second Deputy-
Commander-in-Chief, Harman McEowen ; Surgeon-General, Dr.
W. H. Smith ; Chaplain-in-Chief, J. N. Rose ; Adjutant-General,
Thomas Hynes ; Quartermaster-General, John R. Woolston ; In-
spector-General, W. E. Rogers ; Judge-Advocate-General, Daniel
W. Gould.
THE VETERANS' RIGHTS UNION.
A Convention to consider the best means of advancing the in-
terests of veterans employed, or seeking to be employed, under
the local. State and National governments, was held in New York
city, October 13, 1882, upon a call issued by Post No. 135 of that
city.
About one hundred and fifty Grand Army Posts were repre-
sented at this meeting, and it resulted in the formation of the
Veterans' Rights Union.
678 Grand Army of the Eepublic.
The purposes of the organization are shown in the resolutions
then adopted :
Fir,s(. That we have learned with deep regret that veteran soldiers and sailors
who held positions under the Government, liave been dismissed without cause, and in
new appointments men worthy and capable have been put aside who twenty years
ago pledged their lives that this Republic should suffer no harm.
Second. That, in our judgment, the public sentiment which demanded, the
patriotic Congress which enacted, and the President who approved Sections 1754 and
1755 of the Revised Statutes of the United States, aimed to prevent such discrim-
ination against these veterans, and in their behalf the Grand Army of the Republic
should see that the exigencies of partisan politics should not rob them of the fruits
of this just legislation.
TJiird. That in our judgment no veteran soldier or sailor should be denied a place
in the civil service of this Government .so long as there are places he is fitted to fill,
and no political party has the right to proscribe these men.
FourtJi. That we point with pride to the veteran soldiers of that army which
rose at the call of the martyred Lincoln to preserve free government in this land,
whose discharges are certificates of service for the country when service was
sacrifice, who are not beggars for place, who want no .sinecures, and who have
earned the right to serve in peace the government for which they volunteered to
fight in war.
Fifth. That equal capacity being assumed, such men should have preference
in appointments under a Government where statute and patriotic sentiment alike
prohibit discrimination against them in the various departments of the public
service.
We do, therefore, pledge ourselves by all legitimate methods to maintain tlie rights
and a.s.sert the privileges of the veteran soldiers and sailors of this land whenever,
wherever and by whomsoever those rights and privileges shall be menaced.
An Executive Committee was formed consisting of Comrades
Nich. AV. Day, Abram Merritt, Aug. Harrington, Jas. L. Watson,
Jos. W. Kay, Leander Clark, S. D. Pierce, J. K. Hood, D. -J. Mal-
lon and Jas. F. Fitts, and they were delegated with full powers to
represent the association.
The members of the Executive Committee tirst pledged them-
selves not to accept any jDosition of trust or profit under the
Government during the term for which they were chosen. They
declared their main purposes to be —
To .secure to those who served under the Government of the United States during
the late war, the privileges and rights guaranteed to them by sections 1754 and 1755
of the Revised Statutes of the U. S , as also Section 3. Chapter 287, Laws of 1876, and
any State law wliich has been or may be enacted for their benefit.
Committees were appointed to confer witli other Departments
of the Grand Army to urge the formation of labor bureaus to
The Veterans' Rights Union. B79
procure employment for veterans out of work, and to secure ;ul-
ditional legislation found necessary to better protect the rights of
veterans under existing laws and which had been in a large degree
persistently ignored.
After months of correspondence and through different per-
sonal interviews with the Civil Service Commission of the United
States, the Executive Committee was successful in obtaining in-
structions to the Civil Service Examining Boards under date of
October 29, 1884, deciding that :
Any applicant honorably discharged for such cause — i. e.. by reason of dis-
ability RESULTING FROM SUCH WOUNDS OR SICKNESS INCURRED IN THE LINE OF
DUTY — who, as the result of an examination, has been placed upon a Register as eli-
gible for appointment, should be certified in preference to any other person thereon
not entitled to such preference examined for the same part of the service, even though
such persons are graded higher. Without such priority of certification, it appears to
be hardly practicable to give the preference in appointment which it seems to be the
object of the statutes to secure.
This was the first ruling on this question, and the Executive
Committee made a number of test cases to compel its observance.
In other cases, where in laws giving preference to veterans, the
language of the Acts were not direct and explicit, the courts were
invoked to pass upon the same, and where necessary, the Legis-
lature was asked to so amend such acts, to more fully carry out
their evident purpose and provide punishment for any foitnd
guilty of their violation.
In all these cases the committee was finally successful, and
its work has resulted in securing a fairer consideration of the
claims of veterans who have passed examinations under the laws
and proven their ability to properly fill positions for which they
were applicants.
A number of the laws secured, directly and indirectly, through
the action inaugurated by the Veterans' Rights Union, are re-
ferred to under the head of Legislation in the different Depart-
ments of the Grand Army of the Republic.
At the Encampment of the Department of New York, held
February 23, 1888, the following was unanimously adopted :
Resolved, That the energy, fidelity and unselfishness of Comrades Jos. "W. Kay,
Thos. B. Odell, Nicholas W. Day, Lewis E. Griffith, and their associates in said
Union, deserve our unqualified acknowledgment; and they are hereby tendered our
most hearty and sincere thanks.
()80 Grand Aiimy of the Republic.
rXK^X F.X-PRISONERS OF WAR ASSOCIATION.
From the ending of the war of the rebellion until 1874, there
were numerous efforts made to organize the Union Ex-Prisoners
of War into associations, all of which failed until the present
Association was organized at AVorcester, Massachusetts, on the
0th day of April, 1874, under the title of the " National Union
of Andersonville Survivors." Warren Lee Goss, of Norwich,
Connecticut, was elected President, and Charles H. Shaw, of Bos-
ton, Massachusetts, Secretary ; two hundred names were enrolled
as members. The objects of the association are as follows :
The object of this Association Khali be to strengthen the ties of fraternal fellow-
shii) and sympathy, formed by companionship in arms during the war for the I'nion,
among the survivors of Rebel Military Prisons; to perpetuate the name and fame of
those who have fallen in the prison pens of the South, and in the line of dulj': to
bind together in the most friendly ties the survivors of the above prisons, by joint
action of its members in any direction which will secure justice to the living and
honor to the dead, and to as>ist such of our fellow-prisoners as need help and pro-
t( ction. and to extend needful aid to the widows and orphans of those who have
fallen.
At annual meetings held in Boston, Massachusetts, 1875, and
in Norwich, Connecticut, 187(), Warren Lee Goss was re-elected
President. At the annual meriting held at Hartford, Connecticiit,
April 19, 1877, the title of the association was changed to
" National Union of Survivors of Andersonville and other South-
ern Military Prisons," and Comrade Ezra H. Ripple, of Scrantoii,
Pennsylvania, was elected President, and W. B. Osgood, of Hart-
ford, Connecticut, Secretary.
The annual meeting for 1878, was held at Wilkesbarre, Penn-
sjdvania, on July 2d, and Robert H. Kellogg, of South Manches-
ter, Connecticut, was elected President ; L. J. Curtis, Kingston,
Pennsylvania, Secretary.
The next meeting of which record was kept, was held in the
city of New York, September 6th, 1882, when B. F. Blakeslee, of
Hartford, Connecticut, was elected President. A badge to be
worn by the members of the Association was adopted.
C. C. Shanklin, of Cleveland, was elected President at a meet-
ing held in Cleveland, Ohio, September 19, 1883.
The title of the Association Avas then clianged to that of the
National Association of Ex-Union Prisoners of AVar.
The meeting for 1884 was held at Detroit, Michigan, com-
Pension Statistics. H81
mencing on the 13tli of August. C. C. Shanklin was re-elected
President, and various amendments were then made to the Con-
stitution and By-laws of the Association.
The annual meeting for 1885 was held in Philadelphia, com-
mencing August 19th ; J. H. Longnecker, of Pennsylvania, was
elected President, and David T. Davies, of Philadelphia, was ap-
pointed Secretary.
A meeting of the Association was held at Bufifalo, New York,
August 18, 1886, at which time Mr. John McElroy, editor of the
National Tribune, was elected President, and Wm. H. Mattingly,
of Indiana, was appointed Secretary.
The meeting for 1887 was held in Chicago, September 22 and
23. It was then decided that all State Associations shoiild be
abolished, and the name of the National Association was changed
to " Union Ex-Prisoners of War Association." General W. H.
Powell, of Belleville, Illinois, was elected President, and L. P.
Williams, of Washington, D. C, was appointed Secretary and
Treasurer ; Headquarters were permanently established in Wash-
ington, D. C.
The Association now numbers about two thousand members.
PENSION STATISTICS.
On October 12, 1883, Colonel W. W. Dudley, Commissioner of
Pensions, in a letter addressed to the Commander-in-Chief, in-
vited the co-operation of the Grand Army of the Eepublic in the
work of gathering the names of all surviving soldiers, sailors and
marines for use in his Department, that applicants for pensions
unable to find the addresses of officers could be directly referred
to members of the same company, regiment or vessel.
The result was the formation of the Army and Navy Survivors'
Division, in the Pension Bureau, which was established May 18,
1885, and placed in charge of Major Frank A. Butts. Since that
date, there have been compiled more than 600,000 names, together
with full service and post-office addresses, of surviving soldiers
and sailors of the late war, making a total of about 750,000. The
object in maintaining this record is to aid applicants for j^ensions
to secure the evidence necessary to the adjudication of their claims.
682
Grand Army of the liEruBLic.
Service cards designed for the compilation of the record liave
been issued to all Posts of the Grand Army of the liepublic.
With other data obtained, the names and addresses of 615,069
survivors of the army or navy have been furnished for use in
10-2,641 cases, from April 16, 1884, to June 30, 1888.
Expenditures for Army and Navy Pensions from 1791 to 1888
inclusive.
YEAK8.
EXPENDITURES.
YEARS.
EXPENDITURES.
YEARS.
EXPENDITURES.
1791
$175,813 88 '
1824
?;1 ,498,763 59
1857
?1, 31 0,380 58
1792
109.343 15
1825
1,240,930 81
1858
1,219,768 30
1793
80 087 81
1826
1,560,891 3S
1859
1 222,222 71
1794
81,399 24
1827
978,341 36
1860
1,100,802 32
1795
68,673 22
1828
850.573 57
1861
1,072,461 55
1796
100,843 72
1829
934,069 64
1862
790,384 76
1797
92,266 97
1830
1,356.797 12
1863
1,025, ]o9 91
1798
104845 33
1831
1.031,931 31
1864
4,564,616 92
1799
95,444 03
1832
1,343.478 05
1865
8,525.153 11
1800
94,014 93
1833
4,589,751 41
1866
13459,990 43
1801
124,688 10
1834
3,363.390 95
1867
18 619,956 46
1802
12f?,079 83
1835
1,929,240 35
1868
24,010,981 99
1803
62.902 10
1836
2 832,787 46
1869
28,422,884 08
1804
80,092 80
1837
2,432,577 98
1870
27,780,811 81
1805
81,854 59
1838
2,303,617 38
1871
33 077,383 63
1806
82,083 72
1839
3,126.863 64
1872
30,169,341 00
1807
70,500 00
1840
2,623,519 95
1873
29,185,289 62
1808
82 576 04
1841
2,504 383 59 !
1874
30,593,749 56
1809
87,833 54
1842
1,467,010 89 '
1875
29,683,116 63
1810
83,744 16
1843
857,072 52 |
1S76
28,351,599 09
1811
82,150 13 1
1844
2,027,441 91
1877
28,580,157 04
1812
91,880 10 '
1845
2,500,748 03
1878
26,844,415 18
1813
213.372 70
1846
1 905,335 42
1879
33,780,526 19
1814
248.253 86
1847
1,837,123 85
1880
57.240,540 14
1815
178.104 16
1848
1,290,840 36
1881
50,626,538 51
1816
286,065 72
1849
1.246,280 67
1SS2
54,296,280 54
1817
426,480 09
1850
1,022,385 41
1883
60,431,972 85
1818
972,360 67
1851
2,226,569 31
1884
57.273,536 74
1819
2,416,829 04
1852
2,382 872 00
1885
65,693,706 72
1820
3,218,494 70
1853
1,736,202 45
1H86
64,584,270 45
1821
244.778 79
1854
1,232,368 01
1MS7
74,815,486 85
1822
1.947,967 93
1855
1,473,599 33
1888
79,646,146 37
1823
1,778,759 68
1856
1,296 229 65
Tli(i following miiiiioraiida will show some of the principal
causes operating to produce some of the unequal annual expend-
itures, to wit :
1791. Arrears were paid from 1789.
Pension Statistics. 683
1796. Certain military pensions, also pension to widows and
children of officers.
1813. War of 1812.
1816. The total pension of an enlisted man was increased from
$5 to $8 per month ; also pensions to widows or soldiers of the
war of 1812 for jive years.
1818. Revolutionary soldiers who served in the Continental
Line were, for the first time, allowed pension on account of
service.
1821. The small annual disbursement during this year was on
account of deficiency in appropriation.
1830. Certain arrears of pension, due to revolutionary pen-
sioners, for 1829 and 1830, were paid.
1833. Act of 1832 provided pension to revolutionary soldiers
who served six months. Also for repayment to Virginia of claims
for revolutionary services.
1836. Pensions to widows of revolutionary soldiers, if mar-
ried to soldier before the close of that war ; also a five years'
pension to widows of soldiers of Florida war.
1838. Pensions to widows of soldiers of revolutionary war for
five years, if married to soldier prior to 1794.
1843. The five years pensions to certain widows expired by
limitation in 1841, 1842 and 1843.
1844. Pensions to revolutionary widows revived.
1851. Mexican war pensioners and revival of the five years
pensions to widows, and a like pension to widows of soldiers of
Mexican war.
1862. All pensioners residing in Southern States had names
dropped from the roll.
1865. From 1861 to 1865, the general increase was on account
of death and disability in the Avar of that period.
From 1861 to 1888, the aggregate payments for all classes of
pensions were $963,086,444.73.
From 1871 to 1888, $36,310,256.04 were paid to survivors of
the war of 1812, and to the widows of the soldiers of that war.
684
Grand Ak.my of the Republic.
The uuinber of pensioners on the rolls, June 30, 1888, and the
vjiluo (^f their pensions for the year, were as follows:
lucurrc'd durini;: the rclitllioii 18(51-65:
Army: Invaluis 323,020
Widcnvs, etc 90,882
Navy: Invalids 8,815
Widows, etc 2,083
Total number of Invalid Pensioners 326.835
'■ Widows and dependents. 92,965
Totals above classified 419,800
Warofl812: Survivors 806
Widows 10.787
War with Mexico: Survivors 16,060
Widows 5.104
Total on Rolls 452,557
Annual Pensions, $37,558,143 42
14,587.849 50
500.704 00
393.220 00
.«:38.058.847 42
14,981,069 50
*53.039,916 92
77 376 00
1.553,184 00
1,541,760 00
489,984 00
$56,702,220 93
INDEX TO SUBJECTS.
Advance Guard of America, 35
Akron Memorial Chapel 513
Appointments, preference in, for veterans— Kan-
sas, 5~S ; Massachusetts, 41S ; NewVork, 455
Arizona, Department of, 599, 600
Arkansas, Department of, 643-045
Army, The, enlistments and casualties, 2
Army and Navy Survivors' Division^ Pension
Office, 357,681-684
Badges, Grand Arm}', history of, and designs,
651-656
References, change in form, 94 ; reduced cost
of, 119 ; special committee changing manufac-
ture, 169, 175, 176 ; must be of captured can-
non, 299 ; referring to incorrect cuts of, 219 ;
sales of, 259, 274, 293, 294; relative to spurious
badges, 311; to improper use of, 2S4, 286 ; not
to be worn at political meetings, 294 ; use as
campaign devices condemned, 855 ; not to be
used for advertising purposes, 33S ; modifica-
tion of design recommended and adopted,
311,316, 317, 320; relative to wearing of by
officers and men in the service, 319; State
legislation against wearing the badge by un-
authorized persons— Colorado. 609 ; Connect-
icut, 435; Iowa, 562: Maine, 387 ; Massachu-
setts, 418 ; Michigan, ; Nebraska, 584 ;
New Hampshire, 395 ; New York, 454 ; Ohio,
514 ; Oregon, 616 ; Rhode Island, 427 ; Ve :-
mont, 403 ; Wisconsin, 544
Button, suggested, 284 ; cuts, 655
Official, adopted, 140 ; for past officers, 151 ;
cuts, 655
Baltimore, address to, poem, 241 ; testimonial to,
24S-250
Bath, Soldiers' Home at. New York, 197
Blue Book, 271
Bounties, equalization of, 121, 100, 281
Boys in Blue, 26, 27,464
Bureaus of employment proposed, 301
Burial services adopted, 140
Burial of deceased veterans, State legislation —
Colorado, 608 ; Connecticut, 435; Iowa, 561
Kansas, 57S ; Maine, 387; Minnesota, 571
Nebraska, 584 ; New York, 453 ; Ohio, 513
Pennsvlvania, 483; Wisconsin, 544
Burnside Expedition, Society of the, 16
Burnside, General, monument to, 425
California, Department of, 589-597 ; thanks to
Department and State, 321 ; presentation to,
322, 346
Catholic Church, conference with authorities of,
294, 300
Cemeteries, National, referred to. 120, 284, 285
Chaplains-in-Chief, see National Encampme t
Charity, expenditures for, 332, 360, 652
Charter-members of first Post, 36 .
Chicago, thanks to. Posts and city authorities,
160
Church of the Prince of Peace, Gettysburg, 240
Clara Barton degree, 140
Cleveland, political convention at, 26; thanks to
city and Posts of, 135
Clubs, veterans', political, 24
Code and Manual reported, 200
Colorado, Department of, 604-60:1 ; thanks to,
266 ; thanks to State, 266 ; appropriation for
encampment, 268
Commanders-in-Chief, see National Encamp-
ment
Commissioner of Pensions, 264, 275, 33:3, 353, 631
Connecticut, Department of, 427-436; United
Service Club. 427
Congress, legis'ation recommended, 121, !32, 133,
134, 151, 262, 265, 282, 342-344, 356, 366-:i63
Cumberland, Society of the Army of the, 14, 15
Dakota, Department of, 585, 588
Deceased soldiers and sailors, record of, re-
quested, 115
Decoration Day, miscalled, 246
Dedicatory services, 211
Delaware, Department of, 484-487
Department history, see Names oy States
Departments represented, see National Encamp-
ment
Digest of Decisions, G. A. R., compilation re-
ferred to, 127, 160, 263, 274. 280, 282
Drexel Cottage, Mt. McGregor, 329, 358, 361
Elections of Officers, see N-itional Encampment
Employment, preference for appointment or, in
States — Kansas, 578; Massachusetts, 413;
New York, 455 ; Ohio, 515
Equalization of bounties, see Bounties
Exemption from taxation, etc., for veterans — Col-
orado, 608 ; Connecticut, 435 ; Nebraska, 584
[6851
(586
Index to Subjects.
Farragul Veteran Association, 28, 81^
First Army Society organized, II
Fitch's Home far Soldiers, Connecticut, 434
Fitchburg Circle of Massachusetts Veterans, 403
Flags of the United States, a place for the pres-
ervation of trophies and. suggested, 341
Florida, Department of, 637-639
Georgia, 63;}, 648
Gettysburg Battlefield Memorial Association,
27!, 477-479
Grade System, G. A. R., 98, 101, 119 ; abolished,
120
Grand Army of Progress, 35
Grand Army of the Republic, see Xational En-
campment: organization of the, 83-62; first
constitution of 44; fac simile letter relating
to, 42 ; charter of first Post, 36 ; history of,
recommended, 335, 836, 857
Grand Review at Washington, 2-10
Grant Memorial Fund propos.-d, 312; committee
on, 317; subscriptions, 361; Memorial Hall,
Nebraska, 5?5; presentation of portrait by H.
W. Berthrong, 297; funeral of General Grant,
446 ; see Drexel Cottage
Gridley, R. C, 597
Gulf, Department of, 639-642
Gulf, Society of the Army and Navy of the, IS
Hartford Soldiers' Memorial, 436
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, thanks to Posts and
citizens of, 152
Headquarters G. A. R., relating to permanent,
282
Historian of G. A. R., recommended, 330, 335,
336, 357
Histories, school, of the rebellion, 371
Homes, State, for Soldiers and Sailors— Califor-
nia, 59S; Colorado, 609; Connecticut, 4:M;
Illinois, 530 ; Iowa, 560 ; Kansas, 577 ; Mass-
achusetts, 415; Michigan, 536; Minnesota,
.570; Nebraska, .5S3 ; New Jersey, 462; New
York, 450; Ohio, 512; Pennsylvania, 482;
Vermont, 401 ; Wisconsin, 545 ; Na'ional,
Leavenworth, 279
Honolulu. King of, and suite, 276 ; Post in. 276 ;
presentation by, 322
Idaho, Department of, 616, 617
Illinois, first organization, 33-67 ; Department of,
.'>2;-(-.'»81 ; thanks to comrades and State offi-
cials, 160
Indiana, Department of, 515-522; at Pittsburgh
Convention, 27 ; State monument, facing
page 522
Inspectors-General, see National Encampment
Iowa, Department of, .552-562
James. Societv of the Army of the. 16
Judge- Ad voc ites-General, to compile digest, 160 ;
see Digest : Sational Encampment
Kansas, Department of, 571-r>7S
Kentucky, Department of, 630-633
Ladies Aid Societies, work of, 31
Ladies of the G. A. R., 666-668
Ladies Loyal League, 237-236, 666-668
Ladies Union Relief Association, 151
Louisiana and Mississippi, Department of, 68J-
642
Logan, General J. A., monument to, proposed,
338, 365
Loyal Legion, Military Order of the, 18-21
Maimed Veterans' League, 366
Maine, Department of, 379-38S
Manual for G. A. R., committee to compile, 191 ;
reported and adopted, 227, 263, 271
Maryland, Department of, 4SS-493
Massachusetts, Department of, 403-418 ; thanks
to, 121
Massachusetts Veterans, Fitchburg, 403
Medical record. Government should furnish, 340
Membership, G. A. R., by Departments, 651, 652
Memorial Day, not Decoration day, 246 ; institu-
tion of, 90-92 ; general references, 209, 235,
238, 276, 299, 311, 318, 339, 356, 85S, 369 ; serv-
ices for, 198, 210, 211; sermons on Sabbath
preceding, 134, 210; to discourage desecra-
tion of, 159, 1S7, 191, 284, 295 ; request to be
made a national holiday, 265; falling on Sun-
day, to be observed Saturday, 315 ; services
to be provided for in National cemeteries of
the South, 369
A legal holiday in California, .598; Connecticut,
435; Illinois, 530; Iowa, 562; Kansas, 578;
Kentucky, 633 ; Maine, 388 ; Massachusetts,
417; Nebraska, 585; New Hampshire, 394;
New Jersey. 464 ; New York, 4.53 ; Ohio, 515 ;
Oregon, 616; Pennsylvania, 4&3 ; Rhode
Island, 426 ; Vermont, 403 ; Wisconsin, 544
Memorial and Executive Committee, New York,
448-450
Memorial Halls, Akron, Ohio, .513 ; Toledo. .513;
Zanesville, 514; Rhode Island, 426; Nebras-
ka, 585
Michigan, Department of, 531-537
Military Order of the Loyal Legion, lS-21
Military service, numbers engaged, casualties. 2
Minnesota, Department of, 562-571 ; testimonial
to, and thanks to citizens of, 235
Minneapolis, testimonial to people of, 286
Mississippi, Department of, t).S9-642, 648
Missouri, Department of, 546, 552 ; thanks to,
345
Mt. McGregor, .329, 3.58. .361
Montana, Department of, 618-^21
Monuments, see Gettysburg Battlefield Memor-
ial Association
Mountain Department, 604
National Association Prisoners of War, 6SC
National Cemeteries, decoration of graves In, 369
Index to Subjects.
f)87
National Encampment G A. R., meetings of, see
Table of Contents
National political conventions, veterans, 26
Naval Posts, 24
Naval veterans, 23, 24, 375
Navy, numbers engaged, 2
National Encampment —
Departments represented, 186G. 69 ; ISGS, 78 ;
1S69, 97 ; 1870, 109 ; 1871, 116 ; 1872, 128 ; 1873,
138; 1874,147; 1S75, 150 ; 1876,166; 1877,174;
1S78, 1S6 ; 1879, 196 ; 1880, 208 ; 1881, 220 ; 1882,
236; 1883,255; 1884,273; 1885,293; 1886,310;
1887,329; 1888,354
Council of Administration ;
Meeting October 1, 1868, 94
Members of, 1856, 71; 1868,83; 1869,102 ; 1870,
114; 1871,122; 1872,135; 1873,143; 1874,
152; 1875,160; 1876,170; 1877,180; 1878,
192; 1879,203; 1880, 215; 1881,231; 1882,
243 ; 1883, 267 ; 18S4, 287 ; 1885, 304 ; 1886,
323 ; 1887, 346 ; 1888. 872
National Encampment, Officers of. See, also.
Index to Names
Adjutants -General —
Alcorn, W. W., 290; report, 295, 302
Attwood, C G., 144
Beath R. B., 162, 172, 316 ; reports, 167, 175,
178, 222, 226
Brown, F. E., 251 ; report, 258, 262
Cameron, J., 306 ; report, 313, 317
Chipman, N. P., S3 ; report, 96
Collins, W. T., 106, 115 ; reports. 111, 119
Cutting, Wm., 124
Farley. J. L.,1S2, 194; reports, 187, 19S
Fish, b., 349 ; report, 332, 336
Gray, E. B., 325; report. 332, 336
Miller, R., 122 ; report, 130, 138
Olin, W. M.,233; report, 289
Sibley, H. R., 146, 158 ; reports, 149, 157
Stephenson, B. F., 71; report, 78
Stevens. I. B., 205; report, 210
Vanderslice, J. M., 270 ; report, 276, 282
Weigel, E. B.. 373
Assistant Adjutants-Generals —
Brackett, F., 306
Collins, W. T., 84
Denison, H. B., 182
Dowling, P. H., 290
Miller, R., 123
Oakley, F. W.,325
Royce, C. C, 115
Stewart, T. J., 270
Stratton, R., 3-19
Vanderslice, J. M..172
Weaver, H. E., 115
Young, J. B , 212
Chaplains-in-Chief —
Anderson, E , 346 ; report, 362, 364
Collier, G. W.,114
Earnshaw, W., 122, 136, 142
Foster, I. M., 247,266
Lovering, J. K., 170, 179, 192, 203, 214, S31; re-
ports, 176, 1^9, 198, 211, 223, 227, 240, 247
Quint, A. H., 83, 102
Reed. M. W., 160
Shanafelt, T. M., 287 ; report, 295
Stewart, L. H., 304 ; report, 313
Updyke, S. G.,872
Warner, T. C, 323, 345
Woodbury, A., 142, 150 ; report, 150
Commanders-in-Chief—
Beach, R. B., 266 ; administration of, 270-239;
I eport, 274,280
Burdett, S. S., 304; administration of, 306-324;
reports, 310, 315, 317
Hurnside, A. E., 122, 135; adminisiration, 1st,
123-135 ; 2d, 136-143; report, 129, liS, 148
Devens, Chas., Jr., 142, 152 ; administration,
1st, 144-152 ; 2d, 153-161 ; reports, 147, 156,
158, 159,167
Earnshaw, Wm., 202 ; administration of, 202-
215; report, 208, 212,229, 231
Fairchild, L , 322 ; administration of, 325-348;
report, 329, 335, 317
Hartranft, J. F., 160, 170 ; administration, 1st,
162-171 ; 2d, 172-181 ; reports, 166, 174, 179,
181
Hurlbut, S. A., 71; administration, 77-83
Kountz, J. S., 287; administration, 290-305,
report, 293, 298, 299, 300
Logan, J. A., 83,102, 114 ; administration, 1st
2d and 3d terms, 84-122 ; reports, 95, 109,
117, 121
Merrill, G. S., 231; administration of, 233-
250; report, 237, 242, 266
Rea, J. P., 316; administration, 349-'^7S ; re-
port, 354, 363, 364
Robin^on, J. C, 179, 192 ; administration, 1st
term, 182, 193 ; 2d, 194-204 ; reports, 186,
196, 229, 231
Stephenson, B. F., 66 ei al.
Van Der Voort, P., 247; administration, 256-
269 ; report, 255, 262
Wagner, L, 215; administration, 21i>-232;
report, 220, 226, 246
Warner, Wm., 372 ; appointments by, 373
I nspectors-General —
Beath, R. H., 122 ; report, 131, 134
Brown, W. W., 153; report, 150
Burst, J. W., 251 ; report, 2-.9, 263, 285
Carnahan, J. R., 216, 23l ; reports, 223, 240
Evans, Geo. S , 378
Goodrich, M. B., 133; report, 139, 142
Hall, M.,182, 192 ; report, 198
Hedges, I. M., 349 ; report, 361
Hunter, J. M., 825 ; report, 338, 337, 345
Janes, O. A., 290 ; report, 296, 303
Jardine, E., 83
Norris, A. W.. 144
Raphun, C. W., 205; report, 210
Rogers, W. F., \f,'i, 172, 182 ; report, 168
688
Index to Subjects.
Santmyer, C. A., 270 ; report, 2TT. 2*3
Starring, F. A., 106, 115; report, 111,115
Vanosdol, A. D., 806 ; report, 314, 318
Judge-Advocates-General —
Austin, D. R , 290 ; report, 296. 803
Baldwin, W. H., 205; report, 211
Carnahan, J. R., 251; report, 2,'J<t, 268, 280
Chipman, N. P., 1(6, 115
Cogswell, Wm., 182, 192 ; reports, 199, 198
Douglas, W. W., 122, 144, 163, 162, 172 ; re-
ports, 131, 134, 139. 142, 150, 168, 176,178
Grosvenor, C. H., 300 ; report, 314, S18
Johnson, J. B,, 373
Squires, G. B., 216, 281 ; reports, 223, 240
Taintor, H ■£..325; report, 333, 337
Vandever, W., 270 ; report, 277
Veazey, W. G., 349 ; report. .S61, 365
Juni)r Vice-Commanders-in-Chief—
Allan, Edgar, 823, 345
Bangs, I. S., 247
Bowers, Geo., 214
Buckbee, C. J., 160, 170
Coey, J., 122
Dingman, H., 203
Earnshaw, Wm., 179
Ferguson, E. 142
Foster, R. S., 71
Gould, G. T., 152
Hadfield, J.,372
Hawley, J. R.. 83, 102
Hicks, Ira E.,287
Hill, H. E., 192
Holmes, W. H., 266 ; report, 276
Jardine, E., 152
Keifer, J. W., 185
Linehan, J. C, 346 ; report, 361, 864
Pond, C. V. R , 231
Wagner, L., 114
Quartermasters-General —
Attwood, C. G., 122 ; report, 131, 134, 142
Campbell, T. C, 88
Lubey, T., Iii6, 115; reports, 111, 119, 121
Sprague, A. B. R., 144, 153 ; reports, 150, 158,
l.V.)
Taylor, J., 251, 270, 290, 300, 325, 345, 849, 878 ;
reports, 250. 264, 277, 282, 296, 802, 808,'
314, 318, 3:53, 336, 360, 865
Ward, Wm.. 162, 1T2, 182. 194, 205, 216. 231 ;
reports, 168,176, 179, ls8, 191, 198, 210, 'iis]
2. '7, 240, 243
Waiich, A., 71
Senior Vice Commanders-in-Chief—
Backus, S. W., 322, 354
Cole, N.,346
Connor, Seldcn, 8()4
Fairchild, L., 102, 114, 121
Goble. J. R , 142
I-ewi-4. J. R..80rf
McKcan, J. B, 71
Neil, M. H.,392
Owen, J. T ,83
Palmer, J. 202
Rea, J. P., 287
Reynolds, J. S., 160, 170
Rhodes, E. H., 179
Ross, W. E. W., 247
Swain, E. D., 214
Van Der Voort, P.. 192
Wagner. L., 122, 127, 129, 135, 141, 142
Warner, Wm , 266 ; report, 279
Voung, C. L., 281
Surgeon-Generals —
Ames, A., 247, 266 ; reports, 260, 264
Bell, John, 83
De Witt, R. M.,372
Donohue, F., 846 ; report, 362, 364
Everett, A. S., 323 ; report, 33:3, 887, 345
F"oye, J. W., 160 ; report, 168
Green, S. A., 114, 122, 135; reports, 131, 142
Hall, W. D., 287
Hamlin, A. C, 214, 227
Jones, W. B., 203 ; report, 211
Mitchell, S. B. W., 102
McNeil, D. C, 371
Pile, W. A., 71
Powell, Hans, 142 ; reports, 150, 152, 153
Styer, C . , report, 240, 243
Tucker, J. C, 804
Watson, J. L., 170,179, 192 ; report, 176, 178,
1S9, 191,198,212
Nebraska, Department of .'■>79-585
Nevada, see California, 589
New Hampshire, Department of, 3S9-895
New Jersey, Department of, 4,5-464
New Mexico, Department of, 600-604
New York, Department of, 4;37-4.'>5 ; presentation
to Department of California, 322
Ninth Corps, Society of, 16
North Carolina, 648
Nurses, Army, commended, B65 ; pensions to,
151, 841
Ohio, Department of, 501-515
Old Soldiers' Association, Davenport, 552
Oregon, Department of, 613-615
Orphans' Homes, Connecticut, 4H5 ; Iowa, 661 ;
Kansas, 577 ; Maine, 8S6 ; New York, 4.v_' ;
Ohio, 511; Pennsylvania, 479
Patch, Geo. H., Memorial, 840, 413
Peace at last, 1-10
Pensions, general reports and action, 151, 224,
275, 2S2, 801, 319, 830 34it-:342, 844, S.-Jfi, 860,
369 ; statistics, 681
Pension Office, 264, 275, 33.3, 3.'i7, 681
Pennsylvania, Department of, 4f4-484 ; thanks to
State officers and Legislature. 152 ; Reserve
Association, 23
Index to Subjects.
689
Pittsburgh Convention, 1866, 26
Politics referred to 29-3i, 120, 138, 2T5, 294, 'iitO
Political Veterans Societies, 24-27
Posts, G. A. R., number of, June 30, 1S88, 650
Post No. 2, Philadelphia, thanks to, 169, 192
Potomac, Department of, 494— IflQ
Soriety of the Army of the, 17
Portland, Maine, thanks to citizens of, 301
Prisoners of War, National Association of, 344, 6S0
Providence, Rhode Island, thanks to Posts, citi-
zens, military and the mutlicipal authorities,
178, 179
Rebellion, school histories of, 371
Relief disbursed by the G. A. R., 650 ; by States,
Iowa, 561 ; Maine, 387; Massachusetts, 414 ;
Minnesota, 570 ; New Hampshire, 394 ; New
Vork,453; Ohio, 512 ; Rhode Island, 426 ;
Wisconsin, 545
Reminiscences of the War, papers on, proposed,
104
Revised Statutes, United States, 262, 2S4, 301, 316
Reynolds' Escutcheons recommended, 2 0
Rhode Island, Department of, 41S-427
Sabbath, observance of, 280
San Francisco, thanks to citizens of, 321
School histories of the rebellion, 371
Service Book, 210
Signal Corps, U. S. Veteran, 16
Society of the Red Cross, 230
Soldiers' Monument, Indiana, 522
Soldiers and Sailors Leagues, 35, 537
Soldiers and Sailors Unions, 27; Massachusetts,
404 ; New York, 437 ; Wisconsin, 537
Sons of Veterans, history of, (;69-674 ; references,
209, 212, 213, 228. 237, 257. 262, 275, 281, 285,
316, 341, 356, 357, 362, 864, 368
South Carolina, 648
Springfield, Massachusetts, thanks to Posts and
citizens of, 191
Springfield, Il'inois, Convention, 53-64
State aid, see Relief
St. Louis, thanks to comrades, citizens and of-
ficials, 345
Tennessee, Department of, 633-637
Society of the, 12-14
Texas, Department of, 615-648
Toledo Soldiers' .Memorial Building, 513
Union Army and Navy Veterans Union, Massa-
chusetts, 4ii3
Union Ex-Prisoners of War Association, 680
Union League of America, 80
Union League of Philadelphia, 82
United Brethren, Church of, favorable to G. A.
R,. 294
Union Veterans' Legion, 674-676
Union Veterans' Union, 676-677
United Service Club, Connecticut, 27, 427
United States, number in services of, 2
U. S. Maimed Veterans' League, 344
Utah, Department of, 610-612
Veterans' Societies, 11-32
Veteran Brotherhood, Kansas, 71, 571
Veterans of the Navy, a3, 24
Veterans' Rights Union, 2a3, 284, 294, 300, 302,
316,317,3.33,345,677-679
Vermont, Department of, 395-403
Virginia, Department of, 622-628
Washington Territory, Department of, 618-650
West Virginia, Department of, 6-'8-630
West Virginia, Society of the Army of, 18
Weir's Encampment, New Hampshire, 894
Wisconsin, Department of, 537-f'45
Women nurses, pensions for, urged, 151
Woman's Relief Corps, history of, 659-666; ref-
erences, 26, 31, 211, 213, 227, 256, 260, 26.5, 267,
274,280,281,288, 295, 300, 311, 816, 324, 331,
341, 356
Yellow fever fund, 371
Zanesvllle Memorial Building, 514
44
INDEX TO NAMES
KEFEREED TO IN THE WORK OF THE NATIONAL
ENCAMPMENT.
Abraham, Lot, 293
Adams, C. C, 122
Adams, E. E.,244
Adams, J. G. B., •>01-2-24, 227, 232-242, 261, 267
Adreon, Harrison, 243
Ady, Geo., 304-309
Akers, W. G., 846
Albaugh, D. W., 15S
Alcorn, W. W., biog. 291, portrait facing 292; 286,
290,291,292,295,302
Aldrich, L. L., 150, 170, 174, 180, 186, 190, 192
Aldrich, Frank, 372
Alexander, A. P., 69, 70
Alexander, D. S., 284, 294. 297
Alexander, S. J., 224, 241, 242, 24;^, 279
Alger, R. A., 3'J5, 338, 343, 346, 353, 365, 366, 372,
373
Allan, Edgar, biog. 362 ; portrait facing 328 ; 298,
304, 323, 328. 345
Allen, Robert, 34, 35
Allen, F. G.,l9i
Allen, George T., 46
Allen, S. W. K.,363
Allen, Thomas S., 98, 122
Ames, Azel, Jr., 225, 237, 246, 247, 254, 260, 264,
266
Anderson, Edward, biog. 351; portrait facing 350;
346,351,353,362,364
Anderson, T. J., portrait page 572 ; 69, 268, 286
Anthony, Geo. T., 298, 305
Anthony, Henry B., 180
Apgar, R. M., 112
Arthur, President, 248
Armstrong, H. G., 98, 102
Armstrong, W. H., 231, 236
Arnold, F. A., 180, 190, 200
Arnold, Geo. B., 334
Atkins, Smith B., 267, 273
Atkinson, John, 363
Attwood, C. G., biog. and portrait, 126; 128, 127,
128,131,134,138,139, 143. 144, 145, 152
Austin, D. R , biog. 292 ; portrait facing 292; 247,
292, 297, 303, 814, 323, 329
Ayres, Gen. R. B., 247
Babb, E. A., 286, 289
Babbett,J. W.,-325
Bachia, R. A., 97, 102
Backus, S. W., biog. 326; portrait facing 328; 323,
323, 353
Backus, Mrs. Nellie G., 341
Badger, A. L.,288
Bagley, Mrs Belle T., 370
Bailey, A. J., 201
Bailey. T. C.,347
Baldwin, W. H, biog. 2(t7; portrait facing 208;
95, 98, 205, 208, 211, 214, 224, 231, 236, 242
Ballard, H., 315
Ballou, Chas. O., 329
Bancroft, Carl N., 267, 273
Bancroft, F.J .114
Bane, M. M., 215, 244
Bangs. Isaac S., biog. 2S2 ; portrait facing 252 ;
212,241.242,247,254
Banning, Henry B., 78, 83
Barbe-, G. M., 151
Barker, H. R., 177, 261, 315
Barker, Thos. E., 278
Barker, J. D.. 346
Barker, Mrs. E. Florence, 288 ; portrait facing
657
Barnes, C. M , 334
Barnes, Thos. H., 278, 287
Barnett, James, 160
Barney, C. A., 160, 166, 169, ISO, 186, 192, 196, 208,
215
Barnum, Henry A., 109, 112, 116, 134, 143, 201,
248, 250, 285, 297
Barrett, A. W., .346
Bartlett, E M., 279
Barton, Si'as A., 231, 236, 247, 255
Barton, Miss Clara, 230
Bates, J. L., 109
Baxter, Geo. A., 192
Bean, Theo. W , 362
Beals, Geo. L., 102, 109, 114, 117, 122, 135, 138, 143,
147, 150, 305
Beath, Robert B., biog. 270 ; portrait facing title
page ; 112, 119, 123, 127, 123, 131, 138, 136, 151.
158, 159, 162, 164, 165, 166. 167. 173, 175, 176,
178, 191, 200, 201, 212, 213, 214, 216, 220. 222, 227,
229, 242, 243, 244, 247, 259, 261, 266, 270-289,
297, 314, 334, 336, 857
Beaver, James A , 338, 866, 373
[691]
692
Index to Names.
Becker, R. A., 298
Beers, A. B., 225, 241, 297
Behrends, J. F.. ISl
Bell, John, biog. and portrait, 89 ; 8-3
Helknap. A., 323
Beni't, S. V.,J74, 203
Benham, H. W, 119
Bennett, C. H.,372
Bennett, J. L.,241, 254, 29T, ?,6S
Bennett, L. B., 353
Bennett, Thos. \V., SIS, 319,334
Bero', Wm., 215, 2TS, 288
Berthrong, H. \V.,297
Beveridge, Governor J. L., 161
Bickerdycke, Mother, 301
Bigger, J. C, 363
Bigelow, Geo. H., 192, 196, 203, 208, 215, 244
Billings, John D., 285
Birdsall, Prof., 268
Bishop, J. T., biog. 89 ; portrait facing 40 ; 36, 37,
42, 43
Bishop, Francis M., 288, 293
Black, J. C, Commissioner of Pensions, 292, 333,
344
Blair, C. W., 261
Blanchard, H. P., 231
Blasland, E. B., 158
Blodgett, Pearl D., .335
Blue, R. W.,.363
Hlunt, Jas. G., ITS
Boden, \Vm.,102
Bohn, A. v., 298,334
Boker, Geo. H., 82
Boles, Thos., 29S, 804. 309, 314, 823
Bonnell, JohnC, 346
Boone, Thos. C, 1.50, 170, 174, 180, 192, 200, 203
Boothman, M. M., 334
Bosbyshell, O. C, 198, 102, 109, 134, 140, 142, 151,
165, 170, 177
Bouck, Gabe, 152, 155
Boutelle, C. A., 208, 805
Bowen, A. M., 178
Bowden, Wm., 114
Bowers, George, biog. 217 ; [wrtrait facing 220 ;
200, 212, 214, 220, 224, 2.8^5
Bowers, John, 8.34
Bowman, N. P., 279
Bowman, Wni.. 304,310
Boynton, John \V., 305, 310
Brackctt, Fred., 306, 309
Bradford, W. J., 288, 298
Bradley, F. W., 298
Bradley, Jas. F., 872
Bramhall, F. J., 71; portrait 438
Branson, David, 177
Brayton, Chas. R., 188, 135, 187, 13?, 298
Bright, W. H., 221, 231
Briggs, Henry S., 119, 120
Broatch, J. C, 261
Brodie, Paul, 2i4, 226, 280, 237, 211, 24.5, 24C, 247
Brookes, A M.,315
Brooks, N. M., mU
Brosius, Mariott, 169, 170
Brown, Chas. P., 236
Brown, E. F., 214, 215
Brown, F. E., biog. 253 ; portrait facing 252; 231,
236, 250, 251, 254, 258, 262, 278
Brown, Geo. Lee, 244
Brown, R. B., 296, 297, 334, 363
Brown, Theo. F., 279
Brown, W. W., biog. and portrait, 154 ; 128, 135,
140, 147, 150, 153, 1.58, 224
Brueninghausen, E. W.,169
Buckbee, C. J., biog. 163; portrait facing 164; 160,
166, 170
Buckley, W. J., 174, 180, 186, 190, 192, 196, 201
Buell, Frank, 354
Bulkeley, Morgan G., M&
BuUard, Willard, 242
Bunts, W. C, 134
Burdett, S. S., biog. -306; portrait facing 806 ; 224,
230,231,261, 278, 285, 288, 289, 304, 806-310,
815, 817, 888
Burge, H. F., 69
Burleigh, Alex., 863
Burger, J. C. S., 347, 353
Burmester, C. E.,334
Burnside, Ambrose E., biog. 123 ; portrait facing
123; 122,123,124,125, 127, 128, 129, 185, 136,
188, 141, 148, 149, 180, 2.35, 238, 271, 425
Burnside, J. O. P., 121
Burr, C. W., 267, 274
Burrows, Chas., 189, 158, 201, 225, 242
Burst, John W., biog. 254; portrait facing 252;
224, 242, 251, 2,55, 259, 263, 2S5, 363
Burton, Chas. G., 834, 346, 853
Bush, G. H.,203
Butler, Jas. G.,863
Butts, Frank A., 333
Byram, J. E., 165
Calkins, E. A., 247, 255
Cameron, John, biog. 308; jjortrait facing 808;
288, 293, 297, »06, 308, 309, 313, 817, 818, 362
Campbell, E. I,., 241
Campbell, A. B., ,''34
Campbell, B. F., 346, 353
Campbell, T. C, biog. 86 ; portrait facing 88 ; 83,
84,91
Canfield, Geo. S., 224
Carey, Peter V., 208, 211, 21,5, 225, 239
Carr, Byron L., 247, 2,55, 267,278, 368
Castle, Henry A., 114, 158
Carnahan, James R., biog. 218 ; portrait facing
220; 216, 218, 219,220,223,227,2,33,28.5,236,
289, 210, 242, 243, 251, 254, 259, 268, 274, 280,
282, 285
Carpenter, J. C, 215, 281
Carse, Geo. B., 2.36
Carson, " Kit," 004
Carter, Solon T., 97, 102, 109
Case, Charles, 70
Catterson, Robert F., 69
Caukin,G. E., 815
Cavender, John S., 69
Index to Names.
693
Chains, T. W., 140, 142
Chamberlain, E. W., 180, 186, 190, 192, 196, 200,
203,203,211,215,224,227
Chamberlain, J., 315
Chamberlain, W. F., 261, 285
Chase, Philip S., 261
Chase, Ira J., 345
Cheek, Phil., Jr., 242, 261, 278, 2■^8, 314
Chetlain, A. L, 69, 70,165
Chipman, N. P., biog. 88 ; portrait facing 8S; 81,
83, 84, 86, 8S, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 105, 106,
109, 112, 115, 117, 314, 323
Church, John P., 385
Church, A. H.,863
Cillev, J. P., 180, 186, 182
Clark, C. T., 241, 260, 278, 362
Clark, W. T., 112,114
Clarkson, T. S., 347, 353, 372
Clay. H. de B., 288, 293, 363
Clemmer, James S., 122
Cochrane, W. H. D., 201, 267
Coey, James, biog. 124; portrait 125; 114, 117,
122, 135, 143
Coggswell.Wm., biog. 184; portrait, 185; 119,
135,138,143,182,189,198
Coggswell, Thos.,334
Cole, Nelson, biog. 850 ; portrait facing 350 ; 346,
858
Collier, Rev. Geo. W., biog. and portrait, 116 ;
112, 113, 114,116
Collier, T. W., 267, 323
Collins, A. W.,224
Collins, L.W., 363
Collins, W.T., biog. 106; 84, 106, 109, 111, 114,
115, 116, 119, 1-21
Collis, M. M.,298
Coltrin, I. N., biog. 41; portrait facing 36 ; 35, 36,
41
Coltrin, J. N.,182
Colvin, Mayor, 161
Conger, A. L., 834, 363
Conger, G. S.,S15
Conklin, P. H., 67
Connor, Seldon, biog. 307 ; portrait facing 308 ;
304, 309
Conrad, W.F., 203, 224
Constable, R. A., 247, 255
Cook, B. C, 247, 279
Cook, Brad. P., 384
Cook, Geo. W, 292
Cook, John, biog. 65 ; portrait, 66 ; 64, 66
Cook, John H., 347
Cooke, John B., 834
Coombs, Chas. A., 267, 273
Cooper, Samuel, 315
Copley, John G., 160
Corey, Eugene A., 298
Corliss, S. P., 140
Corson, Geo. E., 170, 174, 176, 177, 190
Coulter, John A., 281
Coulter, O.H., 362
Cox, Chris C, 105
Coy, G. W., 828
Coy, Thos. W., 847, 853
Crabb, B.,224
Crandall, C. P., 114
Cranston, Geo. T.,835
Crawford, J. W., 298
Creamer, Geo. B., 267, 278, 314, 828, 329
Cruft, Chas ,69, 83
Cuddy, J. \V. C, 242, 214
Culbertson, W L., 261, 278
Culver, J . H ., 247, 255, 267, 273, 298
Cummings, G., 83
Curry, A. P. , 278,835, 372
Curtis, S. R.,306
Cushman, A. S., 81, 83 ; portrait, 404
Custer, G. A ,291,3.54
Cutting, William, 128, 126
Daggett, Frank E., 102
Dalton,J. F., 165,215
Danaker, E. T., 122
Daniels, H. V.,288
Darling, John A., 160
Davidson, Jas., 1.35, 215, 267, 274
Davies, D. T., 165, 172
Davis, E. J.,103
Davis, E. W., 171
Davis, H. B., 284,285
Davis, P. A., 114
Davis, W. H.,104
Davison, Jos. K., 176, 188, 294, 886
Deal, John K., 288, 292
Dean, Henry S., 804
Deane, Cecil A., 846
Dean, Fred. I., 34, 66
Deems, Jas. M., 192
Deering, Mayor, 305
Deits, Fred. C, 347, 853
Denison, A. W., 83, 98, 102, 109, 135
Denison, Harvey B., 182
Dennis, John B., 288, 292
Denny, J. Waldo, 98, 102
Devendorf, H. X.,261
Devens, Chas., Jr., biog. 144 ; portrait facing 144;
126, 127, 142, 144, 147, 148, 149, 152, 155-161,167,
168, 203
Devlin, George M., 323, 329
Dew, T. W., 166, 170, 174
De Witt, R. M., biog. 875; portrait facing 376 ;
372, 875, 876
Dexter, Arthur F., 181
Dickason, L. T., 285
Dingman, Harrison, biog. 160; portrait facing
208 ; 201, 203
Disbrow, W. E., 150
Dolman, P. R., 847, 353
Donnellan, J. W ., 209, 210
Donohue, Florence, biog. 351 ; portrait facing
350; 846,853,862,864
Dougall, Allan H.,872
Douglas, Frederick, 248
Douglas, J. S , 810
Douglas, W. W., biog. and portrait, 127 ; 94, 123,
127,128,181, 1.34,188,139,142,144,147,150,151,
153, 155, 158, 162, 166, 168, 178, 176, 178
694
Index to Names.
Dowling, p. H.,200
Doyle, Mayor, ISO, 181
Drake, J. H., «4G
Drew, J. W., \bO
Drcxel, Jos. W., :?29, 358, 301, 365
Dubey, E. A., 3l!2
Dudley, L. E.. 69,102
Dudley, W. W., 231, 275
Duffy, R. C, 158
Dukehart, G.,224
r-iuncan, S. A., 97, 102. 105, 109
Dunning, Geo. H., biog. 3(i ; portrait facing 40 ;
37, 39, 42, 43
Durfey, Henry M., 224, 231, 230, 241, 247, 255
Duval, T. H., 372
Dyer, F. H.,241
Dwyer, M. T., 138
Earn.shaw, Rev. Wm., biog. 205 ; portrait facing
205; 122,138,134, 135, 142, 1&4, 109, 177, 179,
ISO, 18:3, 200, 2(tl, 202, 204, 205, 206, 20S, 212,
214,229, 231,232,297,311
Eaton, W. y.,363
Eddy, Geo. O., 823
Edwards, C. G , 278, 362
Ege, J. A., 83
Eldredge, Dr. W. H., 297
Emerson, Win , 152, 292, 298
Emery, A. E. 278, 805
Enos, H. M.,241
Evans, Geo. S , biog. 377 ; portrait facing 876 ;
192, 196, 201,203, 208, 211, 212, 29S, .334, 365,'
873, 377
Everest, J. G.,315
Everett, Ambrose S., biog. 308; portrait facing
328 ; 309, 323, 327, 328, 333, 337, 345
Ewing,E. E., 278
Fachtz, E. F. M.,98, 114
Fairchild, Lucius, introduction; biog. 325 ; por-
trait facing 325 ; 102, 106, liii), 113, 114, 116, 121,
289, 305, 814, 322, 325, 828, 329, 382, 335, 347, 348^
863
Fairleigh, T. B., 69,70
Fanton, Henry N.,372
Farley, James L., biog. and portrait, 184; 171,
177, ly2, 185, 187, 1S8, 191, 196, 19s, 200
Farnham, A. B., 242
Faunce. 8. E. , 323, 829, 3.34, 362, 363
Fay, Chas. L., 323, 329
Fay, J. S.,150
Icighan, J. W., 27h, 323, 329. 881
l-"eltus, Roswell G., 09, 70
Ferguson, Edward, biog. 145; portrait facing
118; 140, 142
Ferguson, J. C, 242
Fiilder. G. B , 201,298,315
Fink, W. N.,244
Filer, Chas. W.,862
Fish, Daniel, biog. 3!>2 ; portrait facing SM ; 331,
319, 353, 3.^s, 364. 373
Fisher, President, Prov., 180
Fisher, Philip, 334
Fitzgerrell, J. J., 224, 254, 287, 288, 293
Fitz Gerald. M J., 236
Fletcher, Thos C, 69, 71, S3
Flick, \V. 11. H. 236
Flood, Martin, 84
Folger, Hon. Chas. J , 2S4
Follett, Jos. L., 305
Foraker,Gov., 373
Forbes, Jos , 247, 255
Ford. S. P., 314
Foster, Robert S., biog. 74; portrait facing 72;
69,71
Foster, Rev I. M., biog. 2.V.'; portrait facing
252 ; 247, 254, 265, 266, 273
Foster, David N , 297. 314, 3C;3
Fowler, Chas. E., 190, 201
Fowler, T. G.,362
Fox, C. B.. 119,120
Fox, Herman F., 288, 293
Fox, S. W., 372
Foye, Dr. Jno. W., biog. 164 ; 160, 168
Francis, Mayor D. R., 348
Frary, Frank G.,323
Fraunfelter, Elias, 346
French, J. H., 363
Fry, Henry, 267,278
Fuller, J. E., 255
Fuller, S. L., 224
FuUerton, Thos. C, 314
Gage, W. A., 335
Gallagher, W. G., 304
Gard,Geo. E.,372
Garfield, President, 294, 354
Garber, M. C, 69
Gates, Theo. B., 81, 83
George, Jas., 135, 143, 152
Gibbs, Warren, 247, 255, 207, 274
Gibbons, Archbishop, 294
Gibson, Wm., 224, 304, 363
Gibson, Wm. H., 207, 289
Gile,Geo. W.,208
Gilmore, D. M., 2S9
Ginty, Geo. C, 8.35, 347, 358, 872
Gipson, J. C, 298
Given, Josiah, 862
Glass, , 43
Gobin, J. P. S.,804, 315
Goble, J. R., biog. 144 ; portrait facing 148 ; 140,
142,147,151
Goddard, R. H. I., 281
Goff, J. B. H., 347, 3.5;t
Goldsborough, E. Y., 82, 114, 117
Goodrich, Milan B., biog. and portrait, 136; 138,
139, 142
Goodwin, Geo. B., 103,114
Gould, Guy T., biog. and portrait, 154 ; 132, 152,
155
Goulding, J. H., 138, 140, 143, 177, 190, 201, 298,
3t;3
Grafton, S. R., 14!
Index to Names.
095
Graham, J. S., 334
Grant, Geu. U. S , 92, 112, 177. 296, 297, 312, 316,
322, 347 ; portrait, 474
Grant, Mrs. U.S., 297
Grant, Fred. D., 297
Grant, Gov. J. B.,267
Grant, H. D., 83
Grass, Daniel, 34, 66
Graves, B. F., i:9S
Graves, Chas. E , .347
Gray, Chas. C, 170. 174, 208
Gray, E. B., biog. 327; portrait facing 328; 31o,
3-25, 328, 832. 333, 336, 34.=), 347, 362
Gray, Jacob, 363
Gregg, Lafayette, 372
Green, Samuel A., biog. and portrait, 115 ; 114,
115, 122, 1 5, 131, 134, 135, 137, 142, 14.5, 244
Greene, Chas. S., 138, 150, 155
Greene, J. L., 70
Grier, D. P., 347
Griffin, M., 363
Griffin, S. C, 135
Griffith, L. E.,363
Grimshaw, A. H., 334
Grosvenor, C. H , biog. 309 ; portrait facing 308;
261 , 267, 288, 2S9, 298, 306, 309, 314, 318, 345
Grosvenor, D. A., 815
Grow, A. L., 363
Grubbs, Mayor. 231
Gullett, Alex., 334
Gunning, Amos J., 152, .372
Guthrie, A. N., 231, 236
Guhrie, N.L., 191
Gwynne, J. P., 69
Hadfield, Jos., biog. 375; portrait facing 376;
372
Hager,J. B.,210
Hall, Fred. H, 62
Hall, Matthew, biog. and portrait, 195 ; 182, 185,
189, 196, 198
Hall, J. B., 297
Hall, W. D., biog. 291 ; portrait facing 292 ; 287
Hamilton, S. F., 203, 208
Hamilton, C. M., 114
Hamilton, Governor, Md., 248
Hamilton, James, Dr., 34, 35
Hamilton, J. M ,334
Hamilton, M. D., 345, 346
Hamlin, A. C, biog. 218; portrait facing 220;
177,191,201,214,227,298
Hamlin, Hannibal, 334, &38, 366
Hammill, W. A., 266
Hammond, D. P.. 288
Hampton, Mrs. Emma S., 371 ; portrait facing
657
Hancock, J., 158
Hancock, L. A., 334
Hancock, Gen. W. S., 312,366
Hanna, Thomas. 215, 220
Hannaford, Geo. A., 135, 143, 147, 150, 155, 158,
298
Harland, Edward, portrait 428
Harper, Samuel, 224, 241, 260, 267, 274, 278, 238,
293, 297, 305, 310. 323, 329, S84, 362
Harding, Chester, 69
Harkinson, C. T., 273, 372
Harkness, James, 372
Harris, Fred. H., 132, 133, 135
Harrison, Wm. H., 334
Harshaw, H. B., 169, 170, 231, 236
Harton, VV. H., 278, 362
Hartranft, John F., biog. 162; portrait facing 162;
80, 83, 127, 152, 160, 161, 102,163, 164, 165, 166,
167,170,172.173, 174, 175, 179, 180, 181, 188,
203, 248, 250, 271
Haskell, Frank VV., 288, 292
Haskell, W. G., 215
Hawes,J. A., 211
Hawkes, B. F., 35, 6.>, 158; portrait 502
Hawley, Chas. W.. 173
Hawley, Jos. R., biog. 87; portrait facing SS ; 83,
87, 88, 102, 106, 115
Hayes,P. C, 334
Hayes, President. 180, 373
Haymond, Lee, 335
Haynes, M. A., 242
Hazzard, Chill W., 207, 231, 230, 261, 284, 283,
298
Hazzard, J. De V.. 304
Heath, H. H., 112, 114
Heath, Wm. H.,340
Healy, John J., 160, 362, 372
Hector, J. W,, 288
Hedges, I. M., biog. 352; portrait facing 350; 219,
285, 297, 304, 349, 352, 301, 362
Henck, E. W., 815, 323, 328
Henderson, B. R.,288
Henry, W. W., 116, 150
Henninhausen, L. P., 278
Hewins, Chas. E.,315
Hicks, H. G., 278, 289, 309
Hicks, Ira G., biog. 29i) ; portrait facing 292 ; 287,
290, 292
Higginson, T. W., 81,94, 152
Hill, Geo. D., 244
Hill, Herbert E., biog. 194 ; portrait, 194 ; 192
Hill, L. B.,314
Hilliard, H., 140, 150, 161 , 169
Hillis, S. G., 334
Hinton, R. J., 106
Hodges, Jas., 248
Hodgkin, W. H., 244
Hogden,Geo. E.,347
Hogin, B. R.,304, 3i9
Hogin, Geo. B., 241, 242
Holbrook, Josiah, 362
Holmes, Walter H., biog. 271; portrait facing
272 ; 236, 266, 273, 276, 278, 287, 292, 304, 809,
824
Holman, D. Horace, 278
Holton, Chas. M., 314, 347
Hooper, Pierce, Jr., 872
Horn, John W., 298
Home, S. B.,278
fiOfi
Index to Names.
Hoskins, C. D., 2S7
HouKh, R. M., 102, 109, 122
House, Ken. D., 224,225, 244, 261, 278
HouKhUm, Chas. H., 224
Howe. Henry E. ,35; portrait, 501
Hoyt, Henry M., 203
Hubbard, C. M . 362
Hubbard, J. M.,834
Hubbard, Governor L. F., 286, 288
Huber, Levi, 160
Huggins, W. Q., 224
Hunter, Frank, 323, 328
Hunter, Jacob M , biog. 325 ; portrait facing 32S ;
ftJS, :533, :»7, 345
Hurlbut, Stephen A., biog. 72: portrait facing
6S ; 69, 71, 73, 77-S3, 2«5, 238
Hurst, S. H.,278
Husted, Gilbert M., 255, 267, 273, 274
Husted. Jas. W.. 203, 204
Huss, Henry, 174, ISO, 186
Ingram, Chas. H., 305,310
Irving, Win., 247, 255
Jacobus, J. W , 261
Jack, Samuel T., 28S, 292
James, VVm.,346
Janes, O. A., biog. 291 ; portrait facing 292 ■ 231,
2:i6, 290, 292, 293, 308, 315
Jardine. Edward, biog. and portrait, 153 ; 83, 84,
S8, 150, l.-,>, 15.5, 190, 340
Jenks, E. Henry, 32S, 334, 362
Jenness, C. B.,177, 191
Jennings, W. W.. 158
Jenkins, W. S.. 133, 151
Johnson, President, 92, 93
Johnson, George H., 2S7
Johnson, J. B., 273; biog. 378; portrait facing
Johnson, J. H., 244
Johnson, O. B., 298,805
Jones, Chester A., 372
Jones, Edward S., 258, 261, 288, 293, 805, 310, 828
Jones. \V. »., biog. 206 ; portrait facing 208; 180,
186. 190, 192. 196, 201, 203, 206, 211, 224
Jones, Sam. B., 293,814
Jumper, S. H.,834
Kanan. M. F., biog. .37 ; portrait facing 30; 35,86,
42. 43
Kaufman. J., ISO
Kay, Jos. W. :}45
Kearny. Gen. Phil. 464
Keeler, Geo. W., 224
Keifer, J. Warren, biog. and portrait, 137; 97,116,
12^,135, 136,218
Kelley, Bernard, 362
KcUcy, John G., 69
KcndaU, Edwin A., 215
Kennedy. <^:has. P., 181
Kcnney.S. B., l.'fl 169
Kctchum, A. P , U4, 117, 122, 128, 135, 137, 13S
Kidd, E. J.,331
Kilpatrick, Gen. Judson, 203
Kimball, D. B., 363
Kimball, Nathan, 71, SO; portrait, 516
Kimberly, B. K., 261
King, Adam E., 255
King. G. W., 304, 309, 814, 323, 32S, 346, 353
Kinne, C. Mason 170, 203, 20S, 212; portrait, 590
Kinne, Mrs. E. D'A., 341 ; ))ortrait facing 057
Kinney, J. C.,244
Kinsman, C. C, 261
Knight, Geo. ,347, 353
Knowles, Hon. Chas. R., I!i5
Knowlton. J. W., 177, 192, 196
Kountz, John S., biog. 290 ; portrait facing 290 ;
224. 242, 2S6, 287, 2S8, 290, 292, 293, 296,2ii8,
299, 800, 801, 304, 805, 344, 86s
Krzyzanowski, W., 1 14
Kumler, Jno. F., 304
Kuykendall, J. A., 66
Lane, S. W. 224, 304, 309
Lang, Theo. F , 211, 212, 213, 214, 362
Langbein, J. C. J .151,177
Langsdale, G. J., 242
Lanning, David, 242, 254, 278
Lantz, James A., 114
Lapham, W. B., 178, 244
Larken, James E. 122
Larkin, W. W., 363
Latta, Jas. W., 1.52, 171, 177
Latrobe, Mayor, Bait., 248
Lawler, T. G., 1 58
Lawlor, J. M.,372
Lawson, W. H., 132
Leake, Jos. B., 102
Ledergerber, F. T.. 69, 70
Lee, A. E., 373
Lee, Jos. C , 128, 170
Lee. R. H ,133,143,147,169
Lees, Thomas. 109
Lester, Richard, 69
Lewis, F. A., 1.52
Lewis. John R.. biog. 307; portrait facing 30S
298, 304, 309
Lightfoot, 84, 42, 53, 54. 64, 60
Lindt, John, 247, 255, 279
Linehan, John C, biog. 851 ; portrait facing S.'iO ;
203, 20S, 211, 213, 215, 261, 278, 285, 288, 294,
297, 309, 344, 34(1, 353, 361, 304
Lincoln, President, 104, 123, 271. 294, 322, 347,343,
376
Lincoln, Rob't T., 248, 274, 293
Lincoln, E. T., 261
Lippincott, C. E., 80
Littleton, W. E., 170
Livezay J. EUwood, 267
Lloyd, H. P., 285, 2m7, 297
Lochhead, O. F., 297, 314
Logan, John A., biog. 84 ; portrait facing 84 ; 14,
a3, SI, S6, 88-93, 95, 96, 102, 104-106, 109-111,
114-118,121, 122, 2.".7. 201. 267, 26S, 289, 293
806, 838, 839, 344, 305, 366
Index to Names.
C97
Logan, Mrs. John A., 93, 339, 366
Long, Chas. D., 314
Loring,E. B., 304
LoveU, Benj. S., 346,353
Lovering, Jos. F., biog. and portrait, 173; 170,
176,177, 179, 185, 189,192, 196, 198, 200, 203,
208,210,211, 213, 214, 220, 223, 224, 225, 227,
2.31, 230, 240, 241, 243, 247
Lovett, John F., 305, 372
Lozier, John H., 69
Lubey, Timothy, biog. and portrait, 107; 106, 108,
109, 111, 115, 116, 119,. 121, 140, 143, 147
Lucas, W. v., 804, 309
Luther, Henry C, 372
Luther, J. P., ISO
Luty, Fred., 228
Lyon, O. T., 315
Macallister. S. A., 135
Macauley, Dan., 69
Macy, E. B., 372
Mains, Bishop W., 323, 329, 347, 353
Manchester, T. W., 247, 255, 267, 273, 274, 987
Manderson, Chas. F., 261, 266, 362
Mann, Orrin L., 247
Manning, W. R., 261, 293
Manson, M. D., 261
Marsh, Edward W., 170
Marshall, W. T., 279
Martin, John A., 83, 267, 273
Marty, Adam, 247, 255
Massey, Geo. V., 225, 227, 244, 247
Masson, Wm. D., 805
Matheny, Jas. A., 51
Mather, T. F., 64
Matthews, Thos. L., 203, 297, 304
Maxfield, J. P., 158
Mayer, Daniel, 244
Mayers, Chas. G., 69, 70, 244
Meade, Gen. Geo. G., 246
Medley, J. C, 180
Meech, Jas. F., 169,177, 190, 228, 78,304; por-
trait, 408
Meese, Jacob, 169
Meigs, Gen. M. C, 115, 151
Merrill, Geo. S., biog. 233; portrait facing 233;
151, 158, 159, 164, 167, 168, 169, 191, 201, 208,
214, 215, 225, 231, 232, 233r, 235, 236, 287, 242,
245, 248, 250, 261, 266, 267, 288, .314, 333, 344,
363
Merritt, A., 241
Metcalf,E., 147, 151,173
Metcalf, Irwin, 143
Michie, Jas C, 239, 298
Middleton, Rich., 135
Millard, H. L., 288, 292
Miller, E. S., 362
Miller, J. F., 102, 109
Miller, Roswell, biog. and portrait, 125 ; 123, 126,
128, 130, 134, 1.37, 138, 139, 142
Miller, Warner, 363
Miller, W. B. E.,334
Miller, W. H., 267, 273
Milliken, E. C, 334, 362
Mills, James H.,863
Milward H. K., 69, 70, 71, 98
Minor, G. G., 97, 103
Minot, James, 310, 323, 329
Minton, M , 346, 353
Mitchell, S. B. W., biog. and portrait, 106,107;
102, 106, 107
Monroe, A. C, 224, 247,354,314, 853; portrait,
410
Monroe, J. Albert, 244
Moore, Edward, 152, 160
Moore, Ira, 231
Moorehouse, W. S., 78
Morgan, D. L., 305, 3lo
Morgan, J. B., 323, 329
Morris, C, 139
Morrison. Wm Q., 320
Morse, W. F., 109
Morton, Gov. O. P., 71, 72
Morton, Peter, 323, 329
Mory, W. J., 43
Moses, W. P., 143, 152, 17
Motley, F. A., 346
Mueller, J., 190
Muffley, J. W., 334
Murray, Eli H ,315, 835
Murray, John B., 91, 241, 243
Myrick, John D., 170
MacArthur, John, 64. 138, 143
MacArthur, W. E., 122
McCardy, J. J., 190
McCarthy, John, 203, 208, 228
McClaughry, R. W., 278
McClellan, Gen. G. B., 188,312
McClelland. Wm., 347, 358, 372
McClure, J. D., 224
McConnell, W. W. P., 323
McCook, Gen A. McD., 354
McCoy, W. H., 69
McCullough, W. D.,224
MacDougal, C. D., 133
McDoagall, H. C, 278
McElroy, E. B.,334, 345
McGillicuddy, T. D., 158, 261 ; portrait, 504
Mcintosh, Gen. J. B., 203
McKean, J. B., biog. 78 ; portrait facing 72 ; 69,
71, 77, 80
McKellip, W. A , 372
McMahcn, A. K., 279
McMahon, M. T.,294
McMaster, R. M.,372
McMichael, Clayton, 69, 70, 71 ; portrait, 466
McMickin, A., 288
McMorris, T. A., 363
McMurdy, J. H.,135
McNair, W. S., 241, 247, 278, 298, 315, 334
McNarry, O. R., 288
McNeil, D. C, biog. 75 ; portrait facing 72 ; 71
McNeil, John, 70, 314
698
Index to Names.
McPherson, Gen. J. B., 312, 854
Mc-yuade. James, 190, 201. 289
McRcynolds, A. T., 203, 20S, 211, 212, 215, 244
Nale, J. H., 36, 37, 39, 43 ; portrait facing 40
Nash, Chas. D., 3)8.341
Neil, Moses H., 272; biog. S7."> ; portrait facing
376
Nevius, Henry M., 2T8, 285, 297
Newhall, Daniel B., 273, 283, 292
Newman. Geo. A., 346, 353
Newton, J. W., 158
Nicar, Edwin. 285, 992
Nichols, H. B.,152, 231, 372
Nickels, E. A.. 267
Niemann. A. D., 185
Nolan, Michael L., 195
Nolen, Frank, 102, 109, 114, 122
Norris, A. Wilson, biog. 146 ; portrait facing 148 ;
114,117, 132, 134,140, 144
North, A. A., :>4 ; portrait, 35
Northcott, R. S., 347, 353
Northup, G. W., 185, 143
Nye, H. W.,305
Nye, W. H.,32;!, :^29,372
Oakley, F. W.,825
O'Brien, James, 119
Oglesby, Gov. R. J.,35
Clin, Wm. M, biog. 235; portrait facing 236; 2;!3,
236, 239, 243
Oliver, S. A., 173
O'Xeall, J. W., 305, 310, 834
Ord, Gen. E. O. C, 2G1
O'Riley, D.. 815, 828, -329, 872
Ormsby, E. J., 231, 286
Orr, Chas. A.,872
Orr, Rob't L., 143, 147
Osborn, Thos. C, 66, 67, 71, 9S, 114
Osborne, E. S.,261
Osborne, L. VV., 261
Otis, K. G., 15n, 190
Otis, John L., 323, 329
Owen, Joshua T., biog. 86 ; portrait facing Ss ;
78,80,88,90,112,113, 119
Palmer, C. S., 384
Palmer, Geo. W., 73
Palmer, H. E., 27!»
Palmer, John, biog. 20G ; portrait facing 208; 191,
202, 2ii3, 208, 211, 214, 2>4, 27S, 298, :i04
Palmer, J. J., 152. 155, 160, 166, 170
Palmer. John M., biog. and portrait, 65; (il, (!(1,
69,71, 72, 366
Palmer, W. F., 18i
Parker, C, 139
I'arker, J. D., 8.'}3
Parkinson, E. C, 158
Patch, Geo. H.. 242, 247, 297. 305, 340, 413
Patrick, Geo. H., LW
Patterson, J. N., 224, 231, 236, 241, 217, 255
Patterson, Gen. Rob't, 170
Patton, A. G., 373
Pearson, A. L., 98
Pease, A. P., 278, 279
Peirce, Henry B., portrait 406 ; 132, 183, 134, 140,
144, 150, 153, 1.58, 224, 242, 243, 2.59, 267, 273,
278,288,292,298,310, 314
Peloubet, D. A. 231
Perham, A. S., 139
Perley, H. C, 166, 170, 174, 180
Perry, E. A., 152
Pettis, Geo. H.,310
Phelps, John S., biog. 35 ; portrait facing 53 ; 31,
85, 36, 5:3, .54
Phisterer, Fred., 244
Pickell, H. M.,372
Pickett, Josiah, 15S, 160
Pierce, Byron R., 224, 242, a61
Pierpont, W. H., 267, 273, *34, 363
Pile, William A., biog. 75 ; portrait facing 72 ; 71
Pillsbuiy, Mayor Geo. A., 286, 2S8
Pillsbury, Wm. S., 872
Plummer, L. P., 158
Plummer, J. W. V. R., 334
Plummer, Mrs. Sarah A. C, 370
Plunkett, J. D., 278
Pond, C. V. R., biog. 234; portrait facing 236;
224, 231, 236, 278, 334
Pond, H. W., 285, 345
Poore, Ben: Perley, 112
Pope, E. M., 298
Porter, Gov. (Ind.), 230. 231
Post, Philip S., 334, 363
Potter, G. F., 98
Potter, Robert F., 231, 236
Powell, Hans, biog. 145 ; ])ortrait facing 148; 142,
147, 150, 1,52, 155, 158
Powers, J. K.,212
Pray, J. E. S., 169
Prentiss, B. M., 62
Price, Lemuel D., 69
Prince, A. H., 298
Prince, Edward, 34
Prior, Joseph M., portrait facing 86; 85, 86, 41
Proudfit, J. K., portrait, 538 ; 69, 70, 71, &S
Pugh, I. C, portrait facing 36 ; 36, 37, 89, 64
Purdy, James H., 347, 353, 36:?, 372
Purnell, W. H., 267, 273, 288, 292
Puterbaugh, S. D., 260
Quint, A. H., 83, 89, 94, 102, 109, 112, 113, 114,
117
Ralm, Richard, 201
Ramage, VV. J., 347
Raphun, Chas. W., biog. 207; portrait facing
208 ; 205, 210
Rea, John P., biog. 849; portrait facing 849 ; 261,
287, 290. 292, 314, 837, S40, 349, SM, SM, 351-
358, 864, .373
Reed, Myron W .. biog. 164 ; portrait facing 164 ;
160
Index to Names.
(>99
Reed, Hon. Thomas B., 305
Reader, Frank, 122, 131, 132,151
Reeder, H. J., 119
Reinoehl, A. C. 2T9, 334, 363
Reynolds, J. A., 135
Reynolds, Jos. S , biog. 163 ; portrait facing 1C4 ;
160, itw, 167, no
Reynolds, O. A., 298, 863
Rhodes, E. H., biog. 183; portrait facing; IS-S;
132, 134, 140, 151, 1T7, 179, 18!, 1S5, 241
Richards, C. J., 190
Richardson, A. H. G.,177
Richardson, C. H., 331, 236
Richardson, J. A. G., 177
Richardson, J. N , 224
Rider, Wm., 170
Riebsame, C, biog. 40; portrait facing 40 ; 36,
37
Riley, W. T., 372
Robacher, W. W., 334
Roberts, W. P., 288, 292
Roberts, R. Lloyd, 224, 241
Robertson, R. S., 242, 207, 273, 278
Robie, Gov. Frederick, 305
Robinson, John C, biog. 182; portrait facing 182;
119, 155, 164, 179, 180, 1S2, 1S3, 185, 186, 1S7,
188, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196, 197, 203, 214, 215,
239, 231 , 237, 338
Robinson, S. K., 334, 363
Rodgers, Thomas B., 334
Rogers, Henry G., 160, 362
Rogers, Horatio, 1-22, 128, 135, 180
Rogers, William F., biog. 164 ; portrait facing
164; 162, 166, 16S, 176, 182, 195
Roots, Logan H., 112, 114
Ro ecrans, W. S., 247, 294, 354
Ross, Daniel, 298
Ross, W. E. W., biog. 251; portrait facing 252,*
225, 247, 254
Routh, Mayor John L., 267
Routh, J. W., biog. 40; portrait facing 40 ; 35,
36, 37, 42
Rowe, T. C, 315, 220
Royce, C. C, 115, 178, 180, 186, 192, 201, 278, 298,
314
Ruhl, John I., 298
Ruhl, JohnH ,315
Rusk, J. M., 2S9, 373
Rusli-g, James F., 102, 109, 114
Russell, C. L., 140, 143
Rutherford, Allen, 114
Rutherford, L. G., 247, 255, 362
Rutledge, W.J, biog. and portrait, 33 ; 34, 64
Rutter, Solomon, 135
Ryan, Archbishop, 294
Ryan, William O., 69
Sampson, A. J., 314
Sanders, Thomas T., 83
Sanders, W. F., 315, 323, 329
Santmyer, Charles A., biog. 271 ; portrait facing
272 ; 270, 273, 277, 283
Saphar, W. D., 287
Sargent, J. C.,215
Sargent, Horace Binney, 170, 171, 190
Saville, W. O., 288, 292
Sawyer, A. M.,323, 329, 363
Sawyer, E. H., 314
Sayles, Joseph L, 322
Scarlett, Robert W.. 315
Scates, Walter B., 62
Scheffer, Albert, 170, 180, 315, .329
Scheider, Jacob, 347
Schneider, E. F., 69
Schorten, Henry, 298. 304, 309, 323, 328, 346
Scott, R. King, 9S, 102
Scott, Jesse E., 315
Scribner, W. S., 114
Scupham, J. R.,169
Seaman, Frank, 363, 372
Seamans, W. H., 158
Sears, George C, 298, 305, 310
Sechler, T. M., 372
Sellers, A. J., 278
Sells, Elijah, 363
Sergeant, John C, 363
Sexton, James A., 334
Seymour, J. H., 152
Shanafelt, T. M., biog. 291 ; portrait facing 292;
287, 292, 295
Shank, Rush J., 278, 285
Shanks, J. P. C, 82
Shaw, C. F., 279
Shaw, E. M., 261, 315
Shaw, George AV.,331
Shaw, James, Jr., portrait, 99; 80, »?, 94, 98, 102,
103, 109, 112, 113,114,117, 119
Shaw, S. F., 305, 310, 323, .329
Shelby, P. P., 192
Sheridan, P. H., 354, 357, 369, 370 ; muster of, 529,
530
Sherman, W. T., 2, 24S, 253, 271, 2^8, 322, 318, 354,
373, 374, 549
Sherwood, Mrs. Kate B., portrait facing 657;
288
Shockley, W. B., 278
Sibley, B. F., portrait facing 36; 36, 41, 43
Sibley, H. R., 132, 140, 142, 146, 147, 149, 153. 155,
157, 159, 168, 177
Sickles, D. E., 78, 203
Silloway, Jacob, Jr., 170, 17J, 180. 186, 190
Silsby, George A., 323
Simmons, D J., 152, 160
Simmons, W. A., 315
Simonds, W. E.,323
Sloat, Frank D. ,293
Slocum, H. W., 261, 305
Smedberg, W. R.,322, 3:^
Smith, Anthony, 368
Smith, B. F., 34, 315
Smith, E., 372
Smith, F. C.,177
Smith, Frank M., 278, 285
Smith, Fred. E., 862,872
700
Index to Names.
Smith, James T., 119, 122, 12S, IST,
Smith, Xorman M., 169, 203, 208, 215
Smith, Oscar, 190
Smith, R. M.,244
Smith, R. W., 78
Smith, S. M., 152,155
Smith, Winsor B., 297
Smith, Willson F., 178
Smith, W. N., 305, SIO
Snyder, John M., biog. 54 ; portrait facing 5:3; 31.
35, .%3, 54, 64, 60, 09
Spalding, Oliver L., 102, 114
Sparling, F. W. 94
Sparling, F. A., 2H9
Spencer, Fred. A., 287, 292
Spencer, Geo. E., 170
Spencer, Geo. K., 372
Spierre, A. H., 267, 273
Spooner, H. J.,201
Sprague, A. B. R., biog. 146; portrait facing US;
122.144, 15(1, 153, 15^,159
Sprague, Frank H., 150, 177
Springer, Rev. Francis, 50
Squires, Geo. B., biog. 219 ; portrait facing 220 ;
169,171,177, 181, 192, 190, 200, 203, 208, 211,
213,214,215, 216, 220. 223, 227, 229, 232, 233,
235, 236, 240, 242, 243, 259, 278, 365
Stanley, William S., 305
Stannard, Geo. J., 103, 109, 114, 117, 119, 122, 170,
401
Stanton, E. M., 92, 93, 94
Starkweather, Perry, 305
Starring, F. A., biog. and portrait, lOS ; 106, 109,
111, 114, 115
Stawitz. Christian, 298, 334
Stearns, B. F., 2S8
Steedman, Jas. B., 354
Steele, George R , biog. 38; portrait facing 36;
86, 37, 42, 43
Stephens, John, 231, 236
Stephenson, B. F., biog. 47 ; portrait facing 33;
83-37, 40, 41, 43, 45, 47, 50, 51, .-iii, 62, 66, 67, (is,
69, 70, 71, 77, 78, 79, 80, 96, 221. 299
Sterritt, J S.. 261, 267, 273, 288, 805
Stevens, Aaron F., 160
Stevens, Isaac B., 177, 205, 206, 208, 210
Stewart, Lemuel H., biog. 807 ; portrait facing
308; 801,3(19,313
Stewart, J. E.,828
Stewart, M.,8!5
Stewart, T. J., 261, 270, 273, 297, 314, 328,365; por-
trait, 470
Stilson,C. B.,297
Stimson, E. K., 241, 260, 267
Stockbridge, S. L., 846
Stolbrand, C. J.,114
Stone, Mr. and Mrs. Amasa, 185
Stone, A. C, 241
Stone, Emerson, 173
Stone, G. Harry, 102. 109. 114
Stornc, A. M. K., 225, 232
Stott, C. A.. 212
Stover, E. S., 815
Stranahan, F. Stewart, 160
Stratton, Robert, 298, 349
Striblen, Wm., 217, 255, 261
Stryker, W. S., 244
Styer, Charles, biog. 234; portrait facing 286; 231,
2St;. 240, 243
Sullivan, F. W., 1.55, 160, lOo, 177
Sullivan, J. J., 288,293
Summers, O., 347, 353
Suter, John H.. 215, 224, 241, 247
Swain, Edgar D., biog. 217; portrait facing 220;
214,220,225
Sweetser, A. C. , 334
Swenson, P. P., 244
Swiggett, W. v., 231, 236
Symes, G. G., 207
Tabor, H. W.,266
Taintor, Henry E., biog. 328; portrait facing 328;
261, 278, 297, 309, 325, 328, 383, 337, 345
Tail, Geo. F., 241
Tail, Jas. A., 244
Talbott, J. T., 303
Tanner, James. 169,170,171, 177, 180, 191, 201, 203,
215, 225, 231, 232, 2.37, 245, 248, 287, 288, 340,
344, :'6S
Tarbell, J.,114
Taylor, Andrew. 209
Taylor, Bayard. 181
Taylor, John, biog. 253 ; portrait facing 252 ; 251,
254, 259, 2i!4, 270, 273, 277, 282, 290, 291. 292,
290,302, 306, 308, 309, 314, 318, 325, 327, 328,
333, 336, 345, 349, 353, SCO, 36u, 373, 377
Taylor, Stuart, 315
Taylor, Thomas S., 334, 35:3
Taylor, T. T., 70, 71
Terrell, J. N., 362
Terrell, W. J., 315
Terrill, L. F., 288, 293
Thacher,J. M., 135,143
Thacher, John H., 32S, 362
Thayer, Governor, 373
Thiel, Charles A., 258
Thomas, Gen. George H., 812, 366
Thomas, Griff J.. 225, 244
Thomas, Hon. John L., 248
Thomas, H. H., 190, 838, 366
Thomas, Lorenzo, 93
Thomas, William, 207, 873
Thomason, Samuel E., 196, 203
Thomson, Fred., 208, 220
Thompson. A. B., 243
Thompson, Frederick, 215
Thompson, F. M., 69
Thompson, H. P., 314, 853
Thompson, Jacob, 321
Thompson, Mr. and Mrs. James M., 193
Thompson, Thomas M., 62
Thorp, W. E.,a61
Todd, William, 302
Index to Names.
701
Toland, Aquilla, 36, 41 ; portrait facing 40
Townsend Frederick, 195, 203
Townsend, H. C.,'220
Townsend, H. G., 220
Townsend, H. T., 215
Townsend, M. D., 190
Travers, L., 278
Treadwell, Geo. H., 834
Trick, Ed. H., 323, 329
Tripp, Wm. H.,334
True, James M., 62
Trumbull, H. Clay, 122, 135, 138, 140, 143
Tucker, J C, 135, 241, 261, 267, 304
Turner, H. E., 203, 323, 329, 363
Turner, W. H., 208
Turner, Mrs. L. A., portrait, C59
Turnock, James, 9S
Tuttle, B. B., 267, 273, 278, 288, 293
Tyler, E. B., 169, 171, 190, 201
Tyler, L. S., 304, 309
Tyrie, Thomas, 255
Tyson, W. W., 158
Underwood, A. B., 116, 151
Updyke, Stephen, 372 ; biog. 376 ; portrait facing
376
Valentine, A. B., 260, 278, 298, 363
Vanderslice, John M., biog. 271 ; portrait facing
272 ; 169, 172, 173, 181, 190, 211, 212, 224, 225,
270, 273, 276, 281, 282
Van Der Voort, Paul, biog. 251 ; portrait facing
251 ; 190, 192, 194, 196, 198, 203, 225, 247, 248,
250, 254, 255, 257, 262, 267, 289
Vandever, Wm., biog. 271; portrait facing 272;
69, 70, 71, 270, 277
Vanosdol, Argus D., biog. 308 ; portrait facing
308 ; 306, 3U9, 314, 318
Van Syckle, Jos. R., 278, 288, 292, 314
Van Zandt, Governor, 180, 203
Vaughan, C. A., 135
Vaughn, D. J., as, 114, 117
Vaughn, John, 315
Veazey, Wheelock G., biog. 352 ; portrait facing
350; 1S9, .349, 353, 361,365
Vernon, G. W. F., 314, 363
Wagner, Louis, biog. 216; portrait facing 216;
94, 114, 115, 116, 120, 122, 127, 128, 129, 131,
133, 134, 135, 137, 141, 164, 177, 208, 214, 215,
216, 217, 219, 220, 221, 222, 225, 227, 231, 246,
260, 261. 267, 271, 285, 288, 344, 363, 368
Walker, I. N., .334, 362
Walker, W. W.,278, 310
Walkinshaw, J. C, 201, 210, 224, 239, 241; por-
trait, 573
Wallace, Wm. A., 334
Ward, Frank X., 248
Ward, William, biog. 1(54; portrait facing, 161;
98, 119, 122, 1.50, 159, 162, 166, 167, 168, 173,
176, 179, 182, 185, 188, 191, 196, 198, 205, 208,
210, 216, 220, 223, 227, 233, 235, 236, 240, 243,
248, 250
Wardleigh, H. C, 298
Warfield, R. H., 297
Warmouth, H. C. , 83
Warner, T. C, portrait facing 328; 323, 345
Warner, William, biog. 374 ; portrait facing 372;
242, 260, 266, 271, 273, 279, 285, 288, 2S9, 372,
373, 374, 375-378
Warren, O. B.,224
Washburn, H. D., 72
Watson, James L., biog. and portrait, 172; 170,
173, 176, 178, 179, 185, 189, 191, 192, 198, 212
Walters, Ela C, 298, 305, 310
Way, A. M., 152, 215, 220, 227, 247, 255, 267, 273
Waymire, James A., 298
Weale, S. M., 334, 363
Weaver, Hanson E., 109, 115
Webb, E. H., 315
Webber, Jules C, biog. 53 ; portrait facing .IS; 46,
64, 66, 68, 69
Webster, W. H., 314
Weeden, E. S., 158
Weigel, Eugene F., biog. 377 ; portrait facing
376; 310,323,329,363,373
Wells, Frank, 170
Wells, Samuel, 288, 292
Wells, William, 180
Wells, William L.,815
Wentworth, M. T., 83
West, G., 224
West, Isaac E., 279, 297
West. J. O., 288, 292, 305. 310, 323, 389
Wheat, J. L.,. 323, 329
Wheeler, J. L., 278, 334, 363
Wheelock, S. B., 135
Whitaker, E. W.,S3, 109, 114, 117
White, A., 158
White, Daniel, 151
White, Daniel M., 315
White, Julius C, 83
White, True S., 158, 160
Whiteman, Wm. H., 334
Whitsit, C. E., 314, 323, 329
Whyte, Hon. Wm. Pinkney, 248
Wiard, Norman, 104, 105
Wickersham, Charles J., 103
Wiegel, W. H., 220
Wilbur, R. H., 180
Wilcox, P. W., 261
Williams, Alonzo, 362
Williams, A. S., 377
Williams, Benj., 278, 2S5
Williams, G. W.,211
Willich, August, biog. 75; portrait facing 72; 69,
71,72
Wilson, Jas. F., 180
Wilson, Jos. E., 128
"^i^^
702
Index to Najies.
Wilson, J. J., ITS
Wilson, J. L., TO
Wilson, O. M., 60, 94 ; portrait, 51 T
Wilson, Rol>ci I F.. 304, 309, 323, 329, 346, 353
Winship, George B.,363
Winter, W. J., 109
Wiseman. Tlieo. F., 2G5, 'iTO, 298
Wittenmeyer, Mrs. A., 3T0
Wood, C. A., 805
Wood, G. J. P., 165
Wood, Thomas J., 208
Woodall, Daniel, 13T
Woodbury, Augustus, 142, 145, 147, 150, 152, 155,
158
Woodfin, P. T:. 241, *i5. U5
Woodin, J. L., 247, 255, 2bl
Woodruff, J. R.,166
Woods, Robert M., biog. 53 ; portrait facing .'■3 ;
34, 30, r).'?, 54, {\2, 60, 67
Woodworth, L. D., 815
Woolson, John S., 363
Wylie, W. D.,335
Young, Charles L., biog. 234; portrait facing
236 ; 215, 220, 225, 231, 236, 242, 243
Young, E. B.,1T4
Young, Jesse B., 212, 215
Young, L.Coe, 212,214
Young, Thomas L., 94
Zollinger, Charles A., 304, 309
LIBRARY OF CONGRESS
0 012 028 466 6
Live Music
Archive
Librivox
Free Audio
Metropolitan Museum
Cleveland
Museum of Art
Internet
Arcade
Console Living Room
Open Library
American
Libraries
TV News
Understanding
9/11